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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Lower limb asymmetry"
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Hughes, Gerwyn, Perry Musco, Samuel Caine i Lauren Howe. "Lower Limb Asymmetry After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Journal of Athletic Training 55, nr 8 (30.06.2020): 811–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-0244-19.
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Objectives To identify reported (1) common biomechanical asymmetries in the literature after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in adolescents during landing and (2) timescales for asymmetry to persist postsurgery. Data Sources We identified sources by searching the CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus electronic databases using the following search terms: asymmetry OR symmetry AND landing AND biomechanics OR kinematics OR kinetics. Study Selection We screened the titles and abstracts of 85 articles using our inclusion criteria. A total of 13 articles were selected for further analysis. Data Extraction Three reviewers independently assessed the methodologic quality of each study. We extracted the effect sizes directly from studies or calculated them for biomechanical variables assessing asymmetry between limbs of participants with ACL reconstruction. We conducted meta-analyses on variables that were assessed in multiple studies for both double- and single-limb landings. Data Synthesis Asymmetry was more commonly identified in kinetic than kinematic variables. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction appeared to have a large effect on asymmetry between limbs for peak vertical ground reaction force, peak knee-extension moment, and loading rate during double-limb landings, as well as mean knee-extension moment and knee energy absorption during both double- and single-limb landings. Conclusions Our findings suggested that return-to-sport criteria after ACL reconstruction should incorporate analysis of the asymmetry in loading experienced by each limb rather than movement patterns alone.
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Nolan, Lee. "Lower Limb Strength in Sports-Active Transtibial Amputees". Prosthetics and Orthotics International 33, nr 3 (styczeń 2009): 230–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03093640903082118.
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The aim of this study was to compare hip strength in sports-active transtibial (TT) amputees, sedentary TT amputees and sports-active non-amputees. Three ‘active’ (exercising recreationally at least three times per week) TT amputees, four ‘inactive’ or sedentary TT amputees and nine ‘active’ able-bodied persons (AB) underwent concentric and eccentric hip flexion and extension strength testing on both limbs on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60 and 120°/s. Little strength asymmetry was noted between the limbs of the active TT amputees (8% and 14% at 60 and 120°/s, respectively), their residual limb being slightly stronger. Inactive TT amputees demonstrated up to 49% strength asymmetry, their intact limb being the stronger. Active TT amputees demonstrated greater peak hip torques (Nm/kg) for all conditions and speeds compared to inactive TT amputees. Peak hip torques (Nm/kg), were greater in the active TT amputees' residual limb compared to AB. While inactive TT amputees and AB had similar flexion/extension ratios, active TT amputees exhibited a lower ratio indicating overdeveloped hip extensors with respect to their hip flexors. It is not known whether this is due to the demands of sport or exercise with a prosthetic limb, or remaining residual thigh atrophy.
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Ilnicka, Lidia, Zbigniew Trzaskoma, Ida Wiszomirska, Andrzej Wit i Michał Wychowański. "Lower limb laterality versus foot structure in men and women". Biomedical Human Kinetics 5, nr 1 (2.11.2013): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2013-0006.
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Abstract Study aim: The aim of the study was to determine connections between the functional asymmetry of limbs and the morphological asymmetry of feet. Material and methods: The study population consisted of 56 students: 30 females (mean age 20.29 ± 0.59 years) and 26 males (mean age 20.41 ± 0.78 years). The measurements of body build were taken with classical instruments. Body build was assessed on the basis of body height, body mass, and BMI. Seven features of the foot and 8 indices of foot arches were assessed. Assessment of laterality in upper and lower limbs was conducted on the basis of data from repeated interviews, and then verified with simple motor tests that imitated characteristic functions of the limbs. Asymmetry indices were calculated in order to determine asymmetries of the features. Mollison’s index was applied to assess dimorphic differences. Results: Features that were statistically different in the foot of the dominant limb and in the foot of the non-dominant limb were: among the group of females, the foot length without hindfoot, and the Clarke’s angle; among the group of males - the foot length without toes. Analyses of results of this study do not allow for a claim that laterality of lower extremities has a considerable impact on indices of longitudinal and transverse foot arches. Conclusions: The following conclusions were formulated on the basis of the conducted analysis regarding the group of subjects with homogeneous right laterality: - in females, the dominant limb’s foot is characterized by a shorter bone arm lever for dorsiflexors; - in males, the dominant limb’s foot is characterized by a shorter bone arm lever for plantaflexors.
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Cromie, Susanne, Julian G. Greenwood i John F. McCullagh. "Does Irish-dance training influence lower-limb asymmetry?" Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition 12, nr 6 (listopad 2007): 500–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13576500701575140.
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Girard, Olivier, Franck Brocherie, Jean-Benoit Morin i Grégoire P. Millet. "Lower limb mechanical asymmetry during repeated treadmill sprints". Human Movement Science 52 (kwiecień 2017): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2017.02.008.
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Caraballo, Israel, Francisco Casado-Rodríguez, José V. Gutiérrez-Manzanedo i José Luis González-Montesinos. "Strength Asymmetries in Young Elite Sailors: Windsurfing, Optimist, Laser and 420 Classes". Symmetry 13, nr 3 (6.03.2021): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13030427.
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Strength asymmetries in the upper and lower limbs may affect the body movements of the joints or limbs. Although asymmetries in the upper limbs have been studied in sailors, those in lower limbs have not been evaluated in this sport population. The aims of this study were: (i) to analyze lower limb asymmetries in young elite sailors in order to quantify the magnitude of asymmetry between limbs for variables that were established as reliable in a healthy population, and (ii) to evaluate the presence of differences between classes and sexes in inter-limb asymmetries in elite youth sailors. Sixty-eight young Spanish elite sailors (9–19 years of age) participated voluntarily in our study. Single-leg vertical countermovement jump (VCJ), single-leg horizontal countermovement jump and hand dynamometry tests were used to evaluate the strength of the upper and lower limbs. More than 50% of the sailors presented asymmetries in the lower limbs. The boys’ group and Optimist class presented a greater percentage of strength asymmetry.
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Farrell, John W., Debra A. Bemben, Christopher D. Black, Daniel J. Larson, Gabriel Pardo, Cecilie Fjeldstad-Pardo i Rebecca D. Larson. "Evaluation of Power Production Asymmetry during Cycling in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, nr 18 (17.09.2019): 3445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183445.
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Lower limb asymmetries have been observed in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), and have been associated with mobility impairment. An incremental cycling test was performed on a cycle ergometer to determine peak power output (PPO) and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). Then, participants cycled at 50%, 60%, and 70% of their PPO to assess the contribution of each lower limb to power production. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to detect group × intensity differences in power production asymmetry. Eight PwMS and six healthy individuals (Non-MS) completed the study. No statistically significant (p > 0.05) group × intensity interactions or main effects were present when examining between-limb differences in power production. The current data do not indicate a statistically significant difference in power production asymmetry between groups and exercise intensities. Previous research has established a 10% difference between contralateral limbs as a threshold for asymmetry. The average asymmetry in power production in PwMS exceeded the 10% threshold at all measured outputs, suggesting the presence of asymmetry in power production.
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Kowal, Mateusz, Małgorzata Paprocka Borowicz, Anna Starczewska i Alicja Rutkowska-Kucharska. "Biomechanical Parameters of Gait after Unilateral Above-knee Amputation. Current State of Research". Ortopedia Traumatologia Rehabilitacja 20, nr 4 (30.08.2018): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.3355.
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The aim of this paper is to present the current state of research on gait parameters in people after unilateral amputation above the knee joint and to compare these gait parameters with those of healthy people. The relevant literature does not include any similar publications. Modern prostheses do not eliminate the asymmetry of gait, although its consequences are diminished. An above-knee amputation leads to significant differences in ground reaction force parameters (GRF) between the sound and amputated limb. The amputated limb is characterised by lower values of vertical and antero-posterior GRF parameters in comparison with the intact limb. Moreover, during the contact of the heel with the ground, the degree of hip joint flexion of the amputated limb decreases in comparison with the intact limb. Other symptoms of asymmetry between the limbs include asymmetry of pelvic movement in the transverse plane and of the range of movement in the ankle joint. Decreased muscle torque on the hip joint in the amputated limb additionally increases asymmetry of biomechanical gait parameters after unilateral transfemoral amputation.
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Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, Azahara, Gabriel Gual, Daniel Romero-Rodriguez i Viswanath Unnitha. "Lower Limb Neuromuscular Asymmetry in Volleyball and Basketball Players". Journal of Human Kinetics 50, nr 1 (1.04.2016): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0150.
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AbstractThe primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the agreement between the dominant leg (DL) (determined subjectively) and the stronger leg (SL) (determined via a functional test) in a group of basketball and volleyball players. The secondary objective was to calculate lower limb neuromuscular asymmetry when comparing the DL vs the non-dominant leg (NDL) and the SL vs the weaker (WL) leg in the whole group and when differentiating by sex. Seventy-nine male and female volleyball and basketball players (age: 23.7 ± 4.5 years) performed three single-leg vertical countermovement jumps (SLVCJ) on a contact mat. Vertical jump height and an inter-limb asymmetry index (ASI) were determined. Only 32 (40%) of the subjects had a concordance between the perception of their dominant leg and the limb reaching the highest jump height. Using the DL as the discriminating variable, significant (p<0.05) inter-limb differences were found in the total group of players. When comparing between sexes, significant differences (p<0.05) arose in the female group only. With regard to the WL vs. the SL, significant (p<0.05) differences were noted in the whole group and when stratified into males and females. The mean ASI ranged from 9.31% (males) to 12.84% (females) and from 10.49% (males) to 14.26% (females), when comparing the DL vs. the NDL and the SL vs. the WL, respectively. Subjective expression of leg dominance cannot be used as a predictor of limb jump performance. Vertical jump asymmetry of 10-15% exists and this can be considered as a reference value for male and female basketball and volleyball players.
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Pawik, Łukasz, Malwina Pawik, Magdalena Karwacka, Emilia Wysoczańska, Aleksandra Schabowska, Natalia Kuciel, Karolina Biernat, Agnieszka Dębiec-Bąk, Joanna Lewandowska i Felicja Fink-Lwow. "Body Balance after Fascial Therapy in Athletes with Soft Lower Limb Muscle Injuries". Symmetry 13, nr 9 (28.08.2021): 1586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13091586.
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Background: Most injuries in competitive sports are due to overstrain and excessive muscular and fascial tension. This study aimed to assess the effects of a single session of fascial therapy on balance and lower limb weight-bearing in professional athletes following a lower limb soft-tissue injury. Methods: A pedobarographic platform was used to assess the weight-bearing on both lower limbs and corporal balance. A total of 41 athletes with an acute soft-tissue injury involving the quadriceps femoris muscle were included in the study. Each patient underwent myofascial therapy in the injured limb only. The therapy was intended to release tension and improve proprioception. Results: The injured and healthy limbs showed significant asymmetry in body weight distribution. Before treatment, the patients bore less weight on the injured limb than on the healthy limb. After fascial therapy, eyes-closed tests showed an improved weight distribution symmetry between the two lower limbs. There were no significant differences in the values of the evaluated balance parameters between those measured at baseline and those measured after the therapy, measured after the rehabilitation session. Conclusions: A single fascial therapy session has a beneficial effect on corporal balance in runners with an injured lower limb.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Lower limb asymmetry"
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Exell, Timothy. "Lower-limb biomechanical asymmetry in maximal velocity sprint running". Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10369/2556.
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Biomechanical asymmetry analyses have provided valuable insight into submaximal running and walking gait. Knowledge of asymmetry in sprint running is limited due to traditional unilateral methods of data collection. The overall aim of this research was to develop insight into kinematic and kinetic asymmetry in sprint running, with the purpose of informing future research specifically into maximal velocity sprint running. Asymmetry was quantified for a group of trained sprint runners (mean velocity = 9.03 m∙s-1) using an existing symmetry angle (θSYM) measure. Biomechanical methods were developed to maximise the collection of kinematic data utilising both marker-based and non-intrusive techniques, and kinetic data using multiple force plates. Calculations were extended, to build on the θSYM, and used for quantifying overall kinematic and kinetic asymmetry for individual athletes. Novel asymmetry scores were developed that incorporated the previously negated consideration of intra-limb variability. The interaction of kinematic and kinetic asymmetry was compared for a range of sprint runners using the newly created asymmetry scores. θSYM values were larger for key kinematic variables than step characteristics; values of 6.7% and 1.7% were reported for touchdown distance and step frequency, respectively. The largest asymmetry values were kinetic, with some θSYM values exceeding 90%. The magnitude of asymmetry and variables that displayed significant asymmetry varied on an inter-athlete basis. Kinematic and kinetic asymmetry scores developed within this research ranged from 4.5 to 27.6 and 6.3 to 28.7, respectively; however, no consistent relationship between kinematic and kinetic asymmetry was found. Compensatory kinetic mechanisms may serve to reduce the effects of asymmetry on step characteristics and the performance outcome of step velocity. The novel bilateral analyses performed in this research identified the presence of asymmetry, indicating that unilateral analyses of sprint running may lead to important information being overlooked.
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Hardt, Julie E. "Optimization of the competitive swimming track start based on lower limb asymmetry". University of Western Australia. School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0192.
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The swimming track start is a complex motor skill that utilizes asymmetric lower limb action. The purpose of this study was to explore whether it could be optimized by applying the commonly accepted view that there are asymmetries in the function and behaviors of the lower limbs. Initially, the study aimed to examine the relationship between various measures of lower limb asymmetry and the swimmers' preferences for forward foot placement in the swimming track start. Participants underwent a 7 week training period whereby both the left foot forward (LFF) and the right foot forward (RFF) track starts were practiced. The philosophy behind this training protocol was to ensure that participants received equal practice with the preferred and non-preferred stance so that a dominant stance, if it existed, could emerge. Consequently, the relationships between the dominant track start stance and the lower limb asymmetry measures could be determined more accurately. Participants were male (N=11) and female (N=11) swimmers, aged 12-16 years, from the UWA-Uniswim National Age Squad. Kinetic and kinematic data were collected for the track start prior to and following the 7 week training intervention. The intervention was finished when a participant had completed approximately 14 dive sessions where both the LFF and RFF track starts were practiced. The performance criterion measure was time to 5 m. Despite significant differences in vertical force and velocity contributions following the intervention, time to 5 m did not improve for either the LFF or the RFF track start. Four different measures of lower limb asymmetry were collected, including footedness, the preferred track start stance, and the dominant take-off limb for the unilateral and bilateral counter-movement jump (CMJ). Sixteen of 22 participants displayed changes in their dominant track start stance. Eleven participants showed biases for one stance (6 for the LFF & 5 for the RFF), and 11 participants remained or became more symmetrical. Results indicated that the preferred track start stance was the only measure of asymmetry that was significantly related to track start performance (x2[2]= 6.71, p=.04 for pre-intervention & x2[2]=7.77, p=.02 for post-intervention). All other measures of lower limb asymmetry were shown to be unrelated to track start preference and performance. It was suggested that the 7 week training intervention did not provide a sufficient amount of time to see conclusive effects on 5 m time or to make conclusive comparisons between the dominant track start stance and measures of asymmetry. Since the preferred track start corresponded with better performance less than 50% of the time, it was suggested that swimmers and coaches experiment with different dive techniques to find the start which is most effective for them and spend more time on them during training.
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Aldukhail, A. M. "An investigation into the relationships between strength, flexibility and anthropometric discrepancies, on lower limbs asymmetry in athletes". Thesis, University of Salford, 2015. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/40900/.
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Assessment of bilateral asymmetry (BA) in lower-limbs is crucial in the field of sport rehabilitation as it stands on the physical capabilities of athletes. Clinicians, in their daily practice, aim to objectively standardise their measurements when assessing athletes’ performance or produce norms. Such norms, enable assessors to track athletes’ performance in order to optimise it or on the other hand, to correct their BA as precautionary measure from risk of injury due to improper loading on the musculoskeletal system. Therefore, four main studies were conducted in this thesis to investigate the relationship between key criteria in lower limbs. The first study has sat thresholds for BA and once exceeded the athlete is doomed to be asymmetric. Thresholds were calculated based on the average of absolute asymmetry value percentage (AAV%) in sub-elite athletes [n=139]. An auxiliary study [n=63] was conducted within study one to examine the effect of different loads on the criteria of countermovement jump (CMJ) across jump sets. In study two, threshold norms of elite-athletes were established for four sport-specific groups and, a novel descriptive statistical approach (threshold boundary) was executed to examine the differences between them. In study three [n=144], the relationships between the criteria of CMJ and key criteria in lower limbs were examined based on a novel descriptive statistical approach called agreement in diagnosis of asymmetry. Furthermore, an investigation was conducted also, to examine the effect of manipulating leg length on the force platform profile across different sets of CMJ trials. Lastly, in study four, an investigation was conducted to examine the association between two functional tasks (CMJ and running) by using the asymmetry agreement statistical methodology [n=144]. BA were found throughout all tests and was clinically diagnosed using threshold percentage (Threshold% = mean of AAV% + SD). Moderate to high levels of association were found between criteria. The results from this thesis (0.8-38.1%) indicate that arbitrary percentages of 15% for BA in lower limbs found in literature do not reflect typical thresholds in athletes . Lastly, future studies should be conducted to define how detrimental these asymmetries in term of performance and injury risk. Keywords: biomechanics, asymmetry, imbalance, athletes, lower limbs and threshold.
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Šídová, Markéta. "Tvar, velikost a proporce dlouhých kostí dolních končetin u lidských populací od pozdní doby kamenné po novověk". Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-297241.
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Differences in the lifestyle of various populations may lead to changes in the shape of the long limb bones. This involves a reaction to the degree of mechanical and environmental stress acting upon these bones. Our work examined changes in the shape, proportions and size of the lower limb long bones (femur, tibia) over roughly the past five thousand years, or more precisely from the later phase of the Early Stone Age up to the 20th century. We studied the femurs and tibias of a total 520 adult individuals − 313 males and 207 females − from seven different periods or rather archaeological cultures. Our evaluation was based on the external, linear dimensions of the bones studied. Biological parameters were evaluated in relation to sexual dimorphism and lateral asymmetry. We paid special attention to the degree of flattening of the proximal third of the femoral and tibial shafts. Sexual dimorphism differed in individual populations. We found the least statistically significant parameters of sexual dimorphism in the oldest, Eneolithic, samples. In contrast, both sexes differed in the greatest number of parameters in the Early Middle Ages. Lateral asymmetry was most frequently demonstrated for the width dimensions in the case of the femoral and tibial diaphyses, which are in complete concurrence with...
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Mrkousová, Pavla. "Držení těla ve vztahu k asymetrii zatížení dolních končetin. Porovnání výsledků klinického vyšetření s vyšetřením na "Balance Master"". Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-274328.
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The aim of this study was to assess the dependency between asymmetrical weight bearing on posture. A further aim is to objectify asymmetrical weight bearing of lower limbs and asymmetrical step length while walking with the use of "Balance Master" and also to assess possibilities of usage of "Balance Master" for testing motor functions of preschool aged children. The study discusses notions such as optimal body posture, deficient body posture, and body asymmetry. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Vondrášek, David. "Bilaterální asymetrie aktivity svalů dolní končetiny při základním pohybu tance Cha-cha-cha". Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-343098.
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1 Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the degree of bilateral asymmetry of lower limbs' muscle activity in the dance movement Cha-cha-cha and to determine the cause of bilateral asymmetries of lower limbs' muscle activity. Differences in muscle activity of contralateral lower limbs might be caused by the factor of bilaterally asymmetrical movement patterns, the factor of neural pathways or the factor of training. We hypotetize that comparing the direction of bilateral asymmetry in muscle activity between asymmetrical dance movement and its mirror alternative can determine the cause of bilateral asymmetry in muscle activity of lower limbs within the movement. We studied 14 volunteers (7 men, 7 women), all were actively dancing at competitive level. We tested the muscle activity of musculus vastus lateralis (VL), musculus biceps femoris (BF), musculus tibialis anterior (TA) a musculus gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) using surface electromyography. The dance movement Cha-cha-cha was bilaterally asymmetrical in the muscle activity of VL, TA and GL. Direction of lower limbs' muscle activity indicates, that TA, being a muscle responsible for foot movement, might be affected by the factor of neural pathways and brain laterality, while VL and GL might be more affected by the factor of training. Key...
Części książek na temat "Lower limb asymmetry"
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Manzi, Shalene, Roger L. Gibson i Asinne Tshibubudze. "Dynamics of collapse of an impact central uplift: Evidence from folds and faults in the collar of the Vredefort Dome, South Africa". W Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution VI. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.2550(27).
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ABSTRACT Structural analysis of overturned metasedimentary strata of the lower Witwatersrand Supergroup in the inner collar of the Vredefort Dome reveals the presence of tangential folds and faults associated with the 2.02 Ga impact. The folds are distinct from previously identified subradially oriented, vertical to plunging-inclined, gentle folds that are interpreted as the products of convergent flow (constriction) during the initial stages of central uplift formation. The tangential folds comprise disharmonic, open, asymmetric, horizontal to plunging-inclined anticline-syncline pairs with centripetally dipping axial planes and right-way-up intermediate limbs. They display centripetal-down vergence (anticline radially outward of the syncline) that is consistent with steep inward-directed shear of the overturned strata. We attribute this kinematic pattern to subvertical collapse of the Vredefort central uplift during the latter stages of crater modification. The folds are cut by pseudotachylite-bearing steep to vertical tangential faults that display center-down slip of <10 m up to ~150 m. Both the tangential folds and the faults suggest that the large-scale overturning of strata related to outward collapse of the Vredefort central uplift was accompanied by a component of inward-directed collapse via layer-parallel shearing and folding, followed by faulting. Subradially oriented faults with conjugate strike separations of 1–2 km in the NNE collar of the dome suggest penecontemporaneous tangential extension of the inner collar rocks. This evidence indicates that second-order structures in the metasedimentary collar of the Vredefort Dome preserve a complex, multistage record of evolving strain associated with both initial convergent and upward flow (constriction) related to central uplift rise and later divergent and downward flow (flattening) linked to its collapse, and that centripetally directed collapse features may be important components of the structural inventory of very large central uplifts.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Lower limb asymmetry"
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Auvinet, E., F. Multon i J. Meunier. "Lower limb movement asymmetry measurement with a depth camera". W 2012 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347554.
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Hedbávný, Petr, Miriam Kalichová, Michal Rabenseifner i Adam Borek. "Determination of lower limbs loading during balance beam exercise". W 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-3.
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In women’s artistic gymnastics, the balance beam belongs among the disciplines with the heaviest lower limbs load. The aim of our research was to disclose a lower limbs weekly load volume regarding load asymmetry, and to determine the take-off and landing reaction forces between landing ground and foot in selected gymnastic elements. In 9 female artistic gymnasts of junior and senior category one training week was video-recorded and analysed. The reaction forces were measured using 5 Bertec force plates in one female Czech nation-al team member. Based on the training video recordings 12 jump and acrobatic elements were analysed. Among the total of 422 recorded take-offs and landings 41% were performed from both legs, (BL), 44.5% from one lower limb (HL) and 14.5% from the other lower limb (LL). The maximum reaction force of the landing ground during take-offs was 2.4 BW in av-erage, 3.1 BW in landings. In asymmetrical elements, one leg was loaded three times more (538.3 BW) than the other (174.1 BW) in one training day in total. We recommend to record the load asymmetry in the course of the gymnastic trainings in order to choose and person-alise the appropriate regeneration process and compensational exercise.
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Fiorentino, Michele, Antonio E. Uva, Mario M. Foglia i Vitoantonio Bevilacqua. "Wearable rumble device for active asymmetry measurement and correction in lower limb mobility". W 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memea.2011.5966767.
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Fernandez, Ryan, Tricia Fernandez, Dane Fernandez, Badih Jawad i Liping Liu. "A Study of Weight-Based Compensation for Asymmetric Upper Limb Growth Secondary to Pre-Pubertal Operative Humeral Epiphyseal Plate Damage". W ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71743.
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Injuries to the growth plate of the humerus can occur in children during motor vehicle accidents. These injuries can then lead to growth abnormalities and musculoskeletal issues as the child develops. This research was conducted to analyze and develop a solution to musculoskeletal strain caused by uneven weight distribution inherent in a case of upper limb length discrepancy. The issue is an imbalance due to the growth of a shorter humerus in the individual’s right upper limb (RUL) as the result of a prior surgery on the individual’s right humeral growth plate. This shortened RUL weighs less than the left upper limb (LUL). This effectively lowers the mass moment of inertia of the RUL, thus lowering the balancing moment on the torso. When the individual sprints during physical exercise, there is an imbalance in rotational momentum that is created between the two arms. This imbalance in momentum requires that the opposing lower limb of the shorter RUL, the individual’s left lower limb, drives harder, leading to eventual failure in the hip flexor. In order to solve this biomechanical problem, kinematic equations were developed to model the motion of a sprinter. These equations model the motions of the hands, torso, and legs. In particular, the model defines the influence of the imbalance of the upper limbs’ motion on the lower limbs’ motion, which results in a forward rotation of the torso while sprinting. To balance the rotational momentum of the upper limbs, a counter-acting weight was attached to the wrist of the RUL, minimizing the effects on the lower limb musculature. Hence, the left lower limb would not have to overcompensate for the shorter RUL’s lack of momentum. The equations were then reconfigured to account for the counterweight, and the effect was observed and analyzed. A simulation predicted an angle of tilt of up to 5.7° in the sagittal plane from the vertical. The force required to rotate the body to the normal position was 18N. This force was determined to cause a twist of 10.0° in the transverse plane from the frontal plane. While this study was conducted on an individual with a shortened right upper limb secondary to a surgical procedure, study results can readily be generalized to individuals with shortening of either upper limb secondary to other traumatic events, such as motor vehicle accidents.
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Wu, Molei, Md Rejwanul Haque i Xiangrong Shen. "Sit-to-Stand Control of Powered Knee Prostheses". W 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3507.
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Standing from a seated position is a common, yet dynamically challenging task. Due to the vertical ascent of the body center of gravity, sit-to-stand (STS) transition requires high torque output from the knee. As a result, STS transition poses a major barrier to the mobility of individuals with lower-limb issues, including the transfemoral (TF, also known as above-knee) amputees. A study showed that unilateral TF amputees suffer from high asymmetry in ground reaction forces (53∼69%) and knee moments (110∼124%), while the asymmetry for healthy controls is less than 7% [1]. Note that, although a powered TF prosthesis (Power Knee™) was used in this study, it generated resistance in the STS and thus produced similar results as the passive devices. The inability of existing prostheses in generating knee torque and regulating the torque delivery in the STS seriously affects the mobility of TF amputees in their daily life. Motivated by this issue, researchers have developed numerous powered TF prostheses (e.g., Vanderbilt powered TF prostheses [2]). These devices are able to generate torque and power for challenging tasks such as STS transition. Making full use of such capability, however, requires an effective controller. Currently, walking control for powered prostheses has been well established, but STS control is much less investigated. Varol et al. developed a multi-mode TF prosthesis controller, in which STS is treated as a transitional motion between sitting and standing states [2]. However, no details were provided on the rationale of the STS controller structure or the determination of the control parameters. In this paper, a new prosthesis control approach is presented, which regulates the power and torque delivery in the STS process. Inspired by the biomechanical behavior of the knee in the STS motion, the new controller provides two desired functions (gradual loading of the knee at the beginning, and automatic adjustment of the knee torque according to motion progress) with a single equation. Combined with a simple yet reliable triggering condition, the proposed control approach is able to provide natural STS motion for the powered knee prosthesis users.
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Liu, Milun, Fajian Wu, Jinhua She, Hiroshi Hashimoto i Min Wu. "A Left-Right-Asymmetric Pedaling Machine for Medical Rehabilitation of Lower Limbs". W 14th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006471306520657.
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Fuentes-Oliver, E. I., C. García-Segundo, R. Ortiz-Sosa, R. Solalinde-Vargas i R. Serrano-Loyola. "Exploring the effect of environmental thermal noise in the contra-lateral thermal asymmetry of the lower limbs". W 2020 Quantitative InfraRed Thermography. QIRT Council, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21611/qirt.2020.069.
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Ramakrishnan, Tyagi, Christina-Anne Lahiff, Asgard Kaleb Marroquin i Kyle B. Reed. "Position and Weight Activated Passive Knee Mechanism". W ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53229.
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The human knee is a complex and robust system. It is the most important joint for human gait because of its immense load bearing ability. The loss of such an important joint often makes it difficult for a person to ambulate. Because of this and the resulting unnatural application of forces, many trans-femoral amputees develop an asymmetric gait that leads to future complications. Prosthetic knees are required to be well-designed to cope with all variabilities. There have been many prosthetic knee designs, some more complex than others. This paper describes the design and preliminary testing of a novel passive position and weight activated knee locking mechanism for use in lower limb prosthetics. This knee mechanism is designed to be a simple and economical alternative to existing knee mechanisms. The mechanism utilizes the dynamics of the user to lock the knee during stance and unlock during the swing phase. The presence of one moving component and a simple assembly makes this design a good base for customization. Results from testing the knee mechanism shows trends that are different from a normal human knee, which is to be expected. The prosthetic knee is designed to have low friction during swing of the shank and, hence, the flexion and extension angles and angular velocities are larger compared to a normal knee. The kinematics show a cyclic trend that is highly repeatable. Further refinement and testing can make this mechanism more efficient in mimicking a normal knee.