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Al-Farayedhi, A. A., P. Gandhidasan i S. Younus Ahmed. "Regeneration of liquid desiccants using membrane technology". Energy Conversion and Management 40, nr 13 (wrzesień 1999): 1405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-8904(99)00036-9.
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Gandhidasan, P., i A. A. Al-Farayedhi. "Solar regeneration of liquid desiccants suitable for humid climates". Energy 19, nr 8 (sierpień 1994): 831–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(94)90035-3.
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Hermanto, R. Hengki. "Analisis Kenyamanan Manusia (Human Comfort) pada Sistem Pendingin Desiccant Cair Tenaga Matahari Menggunakan Konfigurasi Aliran Berlawanan (Counter Flow)". Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur 2, nr 1 (30.04.2015): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jkem.2.1.5.
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High water vapour content in air can cause a number of problems as for human or surrounding materials. For human a highwater vapour can create physiological stress, discomfort, and also can encourage ill health. While, the cause for the environment iscan accelerate the corrosion of metals, accelerate the growth of spores and mould, can reduce the electrical resistance of insulatorsand etc.Desiccant systems have been proposed as energy saving alternatives to vapor compression air conditioning for handlingespecially the latent load and also sensible load. Use of liquid desiccants offers several design and performance advantages oversolid desiccants, especially when solar energy is used for regeneration. The liquid desiccants contact the gas inside the packed towerof liquid desiccant solar cooling system and the heat transfer and mass transfer will occur. This paper is trying to study the humancomfort analysis inside the packed tower of dehumidifier systems. This human comfort analysis consist of human comfort and energythat consume by the system. The results of this paper later on can be used to determine the best performance of the systems.
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Si, Laisheng, i Xiuwei Li. "Solar interfacial regeneration performance of different solutions for liquid desiccant cooling system". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2520, nr 1 (1.06.2023): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2520/1/012002.
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Abstract A liquid desiccant cooling system (LDCS) is a promising energy-saving air-conditioning system with the advantages of being driven by low-grade heat and excellent humidity control ability. However, the problems of high energy consumption and low energy utilization efficiency of its regenerator limit its further development. To improve, a novel solar interfacial regeneration (SIR) method is proposed. The method can convert solar energy into heat and locate the heat at the evaporation interface so that the regenerator has high energy utilization efficiency. Experimental studies were carried out on different liquid desiccants. The results show that the thermal regeneration efficiency of this method is 2.6 to 2.9 times that of the conventional thermal regeneration method. LiBr solution has the best regeneration performance, but MgCl2 and CaCl2 are cheaper. Considering energy utilization efficiency and economic cost, the mixed desiccant may be a better choice. These advances could make SIR-based LDCS a potential contender for future air-conditioning systems.
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Priya, S. Shanmuga, Sneha Reddy, Priyadarshini Balachandar i Sanober Wadhwania. "Solar assisted liquid desiccant cooling using clay based membranes". MATEC Web of Conferences 144 (2018): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814404011.
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The environmental concerns have led to the urge of the usage of non-conventional energy resources like solar, wind, thermal, geothermal etc. which provide enormous source of energy without causing any further diminution of the environment. Instead of the conventional HVAC systems that cause colossal environmental perils, usage of liquid desiccants in coming in vogue whereby reducing ecological threats. Moreover, solar assisted systems provide further impulse to such systems. This paper discusses about the various comparisons between liquid desiccants: Lithium chloride, Potassium formate and Calcium chloride and concludes that potassium formate is the best desiccant to be used among the three. Potassium formate (HCOOK) is used which is cheaper and less corrosive as compared to the other aqueous salts, and has a negative crystallization temperature. Potassium formate is a new liquid desiccant and thus, not much research is available currently. The weather conditions of Manipal provide an appropriate condition for the experimentations of solar aided liquid desiccant evaporative cooling systems due to its humid climate and intense solar radiation obtained. The small scale experimentation also encounters the problem of liquid desiccant carryover by the air flow, with the help of clay based membranes which are again cheap, environmentally benign and obtained in a facile way. The projected system takes complete advantage of pure solar energy aimed at the regeneration of liquid desiccant.
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Longo, Giovanni A., i Andrea Gasparella. "Experimental Analysis on Chemical Dehumidification of Air by Liquid Desiccant and Desiccant Regeneration in a Packed Tower". Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 126, nr 1 (1.02.2004): 587–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1637642.
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This paper presents the experimental tests on the chemical dehumidification of air by a liquid desiccant and desiccant regeneration carried out in an absorption/desorption tower with random packing. The experimental set-up is fully described together with measurements, procedures, data reduction, and accuracy. The experimental tests include 46 dehumidification runs and 38 desiccant regeneration runs carried out with the traditional hygroscopic solution H2O/LiBr and the new solution H2O/KCOOH in the typical operative ranges of air conditioning applications. The experimental results are reported in terms of humidity reduction, desiccant concentration change, and tower efficiency. The experimental tests show that chemical dehumidification of air by liquid desiccants ensures consistent reduction in humidity ratio, which is suitable for the application to air conditioning or drying processes. The experimental results are also compared to a one-dimensional simulation code of a packed tower: a fair agreement was found between experimental and calculated performance.
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Salarian, Hesamoddin. "Study of the Heat and Mass Transfer in a Dehumidification of Liquid Desiccant". Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (październik 2011): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.120.
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Desiccant systems have been proposed as energy saving alternatives to vapor compression air conditioning for handling the latent load. Desiccants are classified as either liquid or solid. The main components for a liquid desiccant system are the dehumidification and regeneration towers. This paper presents the results from a study of the performance of a packed tower absorber for lithium chloride desiccant dehumidification system. A finite difference model was developed to determine the packing height of the dehumidification towers. The finite difference model was written in MATLAB language which is a suitable model to measure the optimum height of a tower. The paper also examines the effects of different design parameters on the height of a packed tower using a mathematical model. The effects of air and liquid flow rates, air humidity, desiccant temperature and concentration were reported on the packing height and humidity effectiveness of the column. In conclusion the results of the present study are compared with previous experimental studies.
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Cheng, Qing, i Wang Pei. "Performance comparison on different liquid desiccants in the liquid desiccant air-conditioning using electrodialysis regeneration: LiCl and LiBr aqueous solutions". International Journal of Refrigeration 107 (listopad 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2019.08.003.
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Gandhidasan, P. "Closed-Type Solar Regenerator: Analysis and Simulation". Journal of Energy Resources Technology 117, nr 1 (1.03.1995): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2835321.
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Due to many potential problems associated with an open regeneration system in application to reconcentration with liquid desiccants, a closed-type solar regenerator has been simulated and analyzed in this paper. It consists of a flat, blackened, tilted surface with a transparent glazing as a covering. The weak desiccant to be concentrated flows as a thin film over the absorber and the water evaporating from the desiccant due to absorption of solar energy is condensed on the underside of the glass cover. A theoretical model, which includes the variation of rate of evaporation of water along the flow length of the regenerator, has been used to examine the thermal performance of the regenerator. Changes in thermal performance are reported in terms of insolation and the mass of water evaporated from the desiccant for different operating parameters.
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Haque, Md Emdadul. "Ethylene Glycol Regeneration Plan: A Systematic Approach to Troubleshoot the Common Problems". Journal of Chemical Engineering 27 (27.07.2013): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i1.15853.
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Mono Ethylene Glycol (MEG) is used primarily at low-temperature processing plant for extracting natural gas liquids. Typically a physical process plant comprises with gas dehydration system which allows for physical separation of water saturated gas by simple dew point depression and water condensation brought about by chilling from cross exchange with propane refrigerant. The resultant wet gas is prevented from freezing by injection of liquid desiccants to inhibit hydrate formation. The resulting dehydrated gas stream will have a dew point preciously equal to the saturated water volume of the gas at its coolest temperature. Mono Ethylene Glycol has been chosen as hydrate inhibitor because of its low volatility, low toxicity, low flammability, good thermodynamic behavior, and simple proven technology requirement and availability. But it has two common characteristic problems in regeneration plant that is fouling of equipment by iron carbonate, Ca+2/Mg+2 salt deposits and cross contamination of MEG and condensate contamination. MEG in condensate causes condensate specification problems, fouling of condensate stabilization equipment and contamination of wastewater streams. Condensate in MEG causes stripping effect due to condensate vaporization, lower operating temperature, higher MEG purities, and contamination of wastewater streams from MEG Regeneration system and burping of column due to condensate buildup. Another common problem is glycol losses due to carryover with dehydrated gas and which finally accumulates in pipelines and causes corrosion. Other reasons of glycol losses are higher column temperature, foaming, leaks at pump or pipe fittings, operated with excessive gas flow rates and rapid changes in gas flow rates. Column Flooding occurred if feed glycol circulation rate exceeded design limit and it does not allow proper separation of glycol and water separator and much glycol losses through vent line. This paper presents an experimental study of glycol losses. Effort has been made to investigate the causes and the study suggests some mitigation plans. Current study suggests the efficiency of the dehydration process depends on a large extent on the cleanliness of the glycol and the regular monitoring of glycol parameters such as glycol concentration, hydrocarbon content, salt content, solids content, pH stabilization, iron content, foaming tendency etc. Losses due to vaporization from reboiler can be minimized by adjusting operating parameters. By developing monitoring procedure and periodic maintenance about 90% operating problems of Glycol Regeneration Plant can be reduced. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i1.15853 Journal of Chemical Engineering, IEB Vol. ChE. 27, No. 1, June 2012: 21-26
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"99/04017 Regeneration of liquid desiccants using membrane technology". Fuel and Energy Abstracts 40, nr 6 (listopad 1999): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6701(99)99223-8.
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Cheng, Qing, Han Wang, Lin Zhu i Yao Chen. "A current efficiency model coupled with desiccant molecular weight for electrodialysis regeneration in liquid desiccant air-conditioning systems". Energy & Environment, 10.02.2022, 0958305X2210794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x221079421.
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Liquid desiccant air-conditioning system is an energy-efficient choice for heat and moisture independent treatment in buildings, especially for the large dehumidification load. Electrodialysis regeneration is a novel and reliable regeneration method for liquid desiccants, which is suitable for hot and humid climates. In this paper, the performance of the electrodialysis regenerator for regenerating lithium chloride and lithium bromide solutions was studied experimentally, and the current efficiency of the electrodialysis regenerator for regenerating these two solutions was compared. Through analysis, the solute molecular weight was coupled into the current efficiency model, and a new current efficiency model of electrodialysis regenerator for regenerating these two solutions was established, which considers the solute molecular weight of liquid desiccant and can be extended to more liquid desiccants in the future. Furthermore, the performance of the liquid desiccant air-conditioning system using electrodialysis regeneration with these two solutions is compared based on this model. The results show that when lithium chloride solution is applied as liquid desiccant, the system performance coefficient (COP, ratio of cooling capacity to energy consumption) is between 1.16 and 4.49, while the performance coefficient of the system is between 2 and 8.3 when the system uses lithium bromide solution.
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Mittal, Hemant, Ali Al Alili i Saeed M. Alhassan. "Capturing water vapors from atmospheric air using superporous gels". Scientific Reports 12, nr 1 (4.04.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08191-3.
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AbstractDehumidification performance of most polymer desiccant materials is unsatisfactory because of the complex adsorption mechanism on polymer surface and non-porous structure. A viable alternative of solid desiccants, especially existing polymer desiccants, for capturing water vapors from moist air is the super-porous gels (SPGs). The presence of interconnected channels of pores in its structure facilitates the transfer of water molecules to the internal structure of SPGs. Therefore, in this research work, we are proposing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylamide (AM) based thermoresponsive SPGs as a potential alternative to the existing conventional solid desiccants. To ensure the formation of interconnected capillary channels, the SPGs were synthesized via gas blowing and foaming technique. Surface morphology of the SPGs was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the other physio-chemical characteristics were studied using different techniques like fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Water vapors adsorption properties of the SPGs were explored via adsorption isotherm and kinetics. The adsorption isotherm was found to be of type-III isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 0.75 gw/gads at 25 °C and 90% relative humidity. Experimental isotherm data correlated well with BET, FHH and GAB isotherm models. Adsorption kinetics suggested that the water vapors diffusion followed intraparticle diffusion and liquid field driving mechanisms collectively. SPGs exhibited very good regeneration and reusability for ten continuous adsorption/desorption cycles. Therefore, the dehumidification efficiency of synthesized SPGs shows that they have potential to replace most of the conventional solid desiccant materials in use.
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Paul, Subhechchha, Soumava Seal, Siddhant Lanjewar, Tathagata Saha i Aritra Ganguly. "Performance and Economic Investigation of Solar Regenerated Liquid Desiccant Room Air Conditioning Systems using Eco-Friendly Desiccants". International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 29, nr 04 (12.11.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132521500310.
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Traditional air conditioning systems run on the vapor compression cycle, which utilizes electricity generated from fossil fuels, the reserves of which are fast depleting. Moreover, the refrigerants used in such systems have exacerbated ozone layer depletion and climate change. Liquid desiccant air conditioning (LDAC) systems appear as a favorable option in light of these drawbacks. This paper has developed the numerical model of an LDAC system using a dehumidifier that is internally cooled and has a finned coil. The study of this particular model has been limited in the past. The model has been validated against a reference study available in the literature. Moreover, the commonly used desiccant materials tend to be corrosive and detrimental to the air quality. Therefore, the feasibility of an ionic liquid (65% [Emim]OAc) and an organic salt solution (73% HCOOK) as desiccant materials has also been investigated in this paper. With the proposed scheme for room air conditioning, the air temperature and humidity levels within the range of comfort (21∘C, 53% R.H.) could be supplied to the conditioned space. Performance analysis revealed that the eco-friendly desiccants could achieve dehumidifier and regeneration effectiveness similar to that of the traditionally used corrosive salt solution of calcium chloride (CaCl2). Furthermore, the estimated dehumidifier efficiency of about 76% is found to be higher than that available in the previous studies. Economic analysis provides a comparison of total cost between the conventional and the novel desiccant air conditioning systems and also reveals HCOOK to be a more economical choice as desiccant material.
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"Liquid Desiccants Applications in Cooling and Dehumidification – An Overview". Archives of Industrial Engineering, 25.03.2019, 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31829/2637-9252/aie2019-2(1)-201.
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Potential option to replace the traditionally used vapor compression system with desiccant based dehumidification and cooling to overcome the problems in VCR use like as substantial consumption of high grade electrical energy and to eliminate the use of the CFC based refrigerants which are responsible for the depletion of ozone layer. The desiccant cooling can be proved to be an efficient in highly moist atmosphere to handles the latent cooling load of the conditioned space. The present overview explains about the detailed ideas for making use of various chemicals as the desiccant solution for their optimum cost and characteristics. The desiccant cooling can handle both humidity and temperature separately and effectively to produce necessary thermal comfort within the conditioned space. The desiccant cooling can find optimum use of renewable solar energy in air conditioning by applying them for desiccant regeneration to lower the consumption of electricity which produced mostly by fossil fuel based power plants which leads to problem of pollution subsequently. The present review provides the direction for effective use of the desiccant based cooling for separable control over temperature and humidity in case of both residential and industrial use to ameliorate the dual - energy and cost saving.
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"Liquid Desiccants Applications in Cooling and Dehumidification – An Overview". Archives of Industrial Engineering, 25.03.2019, 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31829/2637-3252/aie2019-2(1)-108.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Potential option to replace the traditionally used vapor compression system with desiccant based dehumidification and cooling to overcome the problems in VCR use like as substantial consumption of high grade electrical energy and to eliminate the use of the CFC based refrigerants which are responsible for the depletion of ozone layer. The desiccant cooling can be proved to be an efficient in highly moist atmosphere to handles the latent cooling load of the conditioned space. The present overview explains about the detailed ideas for making use of various chemicals as the desiccant solution for their optimum cost and characteristics. The desiccant cooling can handle both humidity and temperature separately and effectively to produce necessary thermal comfort within the conditioned space. The desiccant cooling can find optimum use of renewable solar energy in air conditioning by applying them for desiccant regeneration to lower the consumption of electricity which produced mostly by fossil fuel based power plants which leads to problem of pollution subsequently. The present review provides the direction for effective use of the desiccant based cooling for separable control over temperature and humidity in case of both residential and industrial use to ameliorate the dual - energy and cost saving.