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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Liquid aerosol filtration"
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Frising, T., V. Gujisait, D. Thomas, S. Callé, D. Bémer, P. Contal i D. Leclerc. "Filtration of solid and liquid aerosol mixtures". Filtration & Separation 41, nr 2 (marzec 2004): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-1882(04)00075-8.
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Frising, T., V. Gujisaite, D. Thomas, S. Callé, D. Bémer, P. Contal i D. Leclerc. "Filtration of solid and liquid aerosol mixtures". Filtration & Separation 41, nr 2 (marzec 2004): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-1882(04)00076-x.
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Lecoq, Marie, Soleiman Bourrous, Dominique Thomas, Jean-Christophe Appert-Collin, Fabien Floc’Hlay i Mathieu Barrault. "Investigation of the Possibility of Application of Metal Fibrous Media in the Process of Filtration of Liquid Aerosols". Atmosphere 13, nr 10 (7.10.2022): 1633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13101633.
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This manuscript presents a study of the possibility of applying metallic fibre filter media made of stainless steel for the filtration process of liquid aerosols. To perform the experiment, three types of filters were used: single layer and symmetric or non-symmetric multi-layered filters. Filters have been loaded with DEHS (Di-Ethyl-Hexyl-Sebacate) aerosol while the pressure drop and the collection efficiency were monitored. The impact of the filtration velocity on the saturation pressure drop has been quantified for monolayer filters. The building of a draining film on the free surface of the multi-layered filters has been studied and the impact of this phenomenon on the filtration performances and saturation ratio of the medium are discussed. For multilayer filters, the clogging dynamic, occurring by a successive loading of the draining layers, is highlighted in this work. Finally, propositions are made to evaluate the behaviour of metallic multi-layered filters for liquid aerosol filtration applications.
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Crosswhite, Mark R., Lena N. Jeong, Patrick C. Bailey, J. Brian Jameson, Anastasia Lioubomirov, David Cook, Clarissa Yang, Adam Ozvald, Matthew Lyndon i I. Gene Gillman. "Non-Targeted Chemical Characterization of JUUL-Menthol-Flavored Aerosols Using Liquid and Gas Chromatography". Separations 9, nr 11 (11.11.2022): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9110367.
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The aerosol constituents generated from JUUL Menthol pods with 3.0% and 5.0% nicotine by weight (Me3 and Me5) are characterized by a non-targeted approach, which was developed to detect aerosol constituents that are not known to be present beforehand or that may be measured with targeted methods. Three replicates from three production batches (n = 9) were aerosolized using two puffing regimens (intense and non-intense). Each of the 18 samples were analyzed by gas chromatography electron ionization mass spectrometry and by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization high-resolving power mass spectrometry. All chemical constituents determined to differ from control were identified and semi-quantified. To have a complete understanding of the aerosol constituents and chemistry, each chemical constituent was categorized into one of five groups: (1) flavorants, (2) harmful and potentially harmful constituents, (3) leachables, (4) reaction products, and (5) chemical constituents that were unable to be identified or rationalized (e.g., chemical constituents that could not be categorized in groups (1–4). Under intense puffing, 74 chemical constituents were identified in Me3 aerosols and 68 under non-intense puffing, with 53 chemical constituents common between both regimens. Eighty-three chemical constituents were identified in Me5 aerosol using an intense puffing regimen and seventy-five with a non-intense puffing regimen, with sixty-two chemical constituents in common. Excluding primary constituents, reaction products accounted for the greatest number of chemical constituents (approximately 60% in all cases, ranging from about 0.05% to 0.1% by mass), and flavorants—excluding menthol—comprised the second largest number of chemical constituents (approximately 25%, ranging consistently around 0.01% by mass). The chemical constituents detected in JUUL aerosols were then compared to known constituents from cigarette smoke to determine the relative chemical complexities and commonalities/differences between the two. This revealed (1) a substantial decrease in the chemical complexity of JUUL aerosols vs. cigarette smoke and (2) that there are between 55 (Me3) and 61 (Me5) unique chemical constituents in JUUL aerosols not reported in cigarette smoke. Understanding the chemical complexity of JUUL aerosols is important because the health effects of combustible cigarette smoke are related to the combined effect of these chemical constituents through multiple mechanisms, not just the effects of any single smoke constituent.
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Warren, J. Jasper, Anushree Mohan, Juan Hinestroza i Roger Barker. "Degradation Processes in Corona-Charged Electret Filter-Media with Exposure to Ethyl Benzene". Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 2, nr 4 (grudzień 2007): 155892500700200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892500700200401.
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The degradation of filtration performance for corona-charged electret filter media exposed to ethyl benzene was assessed. Nonwoven corona-charged polypropylene fiber mats were exposed to ethyl-benzene using a custom made apparatus. Evaluated scenarios included ethyl-benzene vapor and liquid exposures. The filtration performance was evaluated using DOP as a test aerosol to measure filtration performance. It was observed that significant filtration degradation occurred only when liquid ethyl benzene came into direct contact with the filter media. No significant changes in the pressure drop or filtration efficiency was observed for any of the exposure scenarios in which the fibers were only exposed to ethyl benzene in the vapor phase.
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Zhu, Ping, Wang Sun i Yunchun Liu. "Improvement of Aerosol Filtering Performance of PLLA/PAN Composite Fiber with Gradient Structure". Nanomaterials 12, nr 22 (20.11.2022): 4087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12224087.
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Since commercial non-woven air filtering materials have unstable filtering efficiency and poor moisture permeability for the abundant condensed aerosol particles in the highly humid atmospheric environment, the PLLA/PAN composite fiber material with a hydrophobic and hydrophilic gradient structure is designed and prepared by using electrode sputtering electro spinning technology. By characterizing and testing the filtrating effect of SEM, XRD, FTIR, wettability, mechanical property, N2 adsorption isotherm, and BET surface area, NaCl aerosol of PLLA fiber, PAN fiber, and PLLA/PAN composite fiber membranes, the study found that the electrode sputtering electrospinning is fine, the fiber mesh is dense, and fiber distribution is uniform when the diameter of the PAN fiber is 140–300 nm, and the PLLA fiber is 700–850 nm. In this case, PLLA/PAN composite fiber materials gather the hydrophobicity of PLLA fiber and the hydrophilicity of PAN fiber; its electrostatic effect is stable, its physical capturing performance is excellent, it can realize the step filtration of gas-solid liquid multiphase flow to avoid the rapid increase of air resistance in a high-humidity environment, and the filtrating efficiency η of NaCl aerosol particles with 0.3 μm reaches 99.98%, and the quality factor QF 0.0968 Pa−1. The manufacturing of PLLA/PAN composite fiber material provides a new method for designing and developing high-performance air filtration materials and a new technical means for the large-scale production of high-performance, high-stability, and low-cost polylactic acid nanofiber composites.
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Hao, Junli, Saptarshi Chattopadhyay i Gregory C. Rutledge. "Chemical separation in a binary liquid aerosol by filtration using electrospun membranes". Chemical Engineering Journal 382 (luty 2020): 122924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.122924.
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Jin, Xiaohong C., Regina M. Ballentine, William P. Gardner, Matt S. Melvin, Yezdi B. Pithawalla, Karl A. Wagner, Karen C. Avery i Mehran Sharifi. "Determination of Formaldehyde Yields in E-Cigarette Aerosols: An Evaluation of the Efficiency of the DNPH Derivatization Method". Separations 8, nr 9 (13.09.2021): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations8090151.
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Recent reports have suggested that (1) formaldehyde levels (measured as a hydrazone derivative using the DNPH derivatization method) in Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) products were underreported because formaldehyde may react with propylene glycol (PG) and glycerin (Gly) in the aerosol to form hemiacetals; (2) the equilibrium would shift from the hemiacetals to the acetals in the acidic DNPH trapping solution. In both cases, neither the hemiacetal nor the acetal would react with DNPH to form the target formaldehyde hydrazone, due to the lack of the carbonyl functional group, thus underreporting formaldehyde. These reports were studied in our laboratory. Our results showed that the aerosol generated from formaldehyde-fortified e-liquids provided a near-quantitative recovery of formaldehyde in the aerosol, suggesting that if any hemiacetal was formed in the aerosol, it would readily hydrolyze to free formaldehyde and, consequently, form formaldehyde hydrazone in the acidic DNPH trapping solution. We demonstrated that custom-synthesized Gly and PG hemiacetal adducts added to the DNPH trapping solution would readily hydrolyze to form the formaldehyde hydrazone. We demonstrated that acetals of PG and Gly present in e-liquid are almost completely transferred to the aerosol during aerosolization. The study results demonstrate that the DNPH derivatization method allows for an accurate measurement of formaldehyde in vapor products.
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Gac, Jakub M., Anna Jackiewicz-Zagórska, Łukasz Werner i Szymon Jakubiak. "Numerical modeling of solid deposits reorganization during consecutive solid-liquid aerosol filtration: Influence on the dynamics of filtration efficiency". Journal of Aerosol Science 119 (maj 2018): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.02.008.
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Allison, J. R., C. Dowson, K. Pickering, G. Červinskytė, J. Durham, N. S. Jakubovics i R. Holliday. "Local Exhaust Ventilation to Control Dental Aerosols and Droplets". Journal of Dental Research 101, nr 4 (10.11.2021): 384–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345211056287.
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Dental procedures produce aerosols that may remain suspended and travel significant distances from the source. Dental aerosols and droplets contain oral microbes, and there is potential for infectious disease transmission and major disruption to dental services during infectious disease outbreaks. One method to control hazardous aerosols often used in industry is local exhaust ventilation (LEV). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LEV on aerosols and droplets produced during dental procedures. Experiments were conducted on dental mannequins in an 825.4-m3 open-plan clinic and a 49.3-m3 single surgery. Ten-minute crown preparations were performed with an air-turbine handpiece in the open-plan clinic and 10-min full-mouth ultrasonic scaling in the single surgery. Fluorescein was added to instrument irrigation reservoirs as a tracer. In both settings, optical particle counters (OPCs) were used to measure aerosol particles between 0.3 and 10.0 µm, and liquid cyclone air samplers were used to capture aerosolized fluorescein tracer. In addition, in the open-plan setting, fluorescein tracer was captured by passive settling onto filter papers in the environment. Tracer was quantified fluorometrically. An LEV device with high-efficiency particulate air filtration and a flow rate of 5,000 L/min was used. LEV reduced aerosol production from the air-turbine handpiece by 90% within 0.5 m, and this was 99% for the ultrasonic scaler. OPC particle counts were substantially reduced for both procedures and air-turbine settled droplet detection reduced by 95% within 0.5 m. The effect of LEV was substantially greater than suction alone for the air-turbine and was similar to the effect of suction for the ultrasonic scaler. LEV reduces aerosol and droplet contamination from dental procedures by at least 90% in the breathing zone of the operator, and it is therefore a valuable tool to reduce the dispersion of dental aerosols.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Liquid aerosol filtration"
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Scurrah, Katherine Lesley. "Filtration of solid and liquid aerosol particles". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32098.
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Fibrous filter materials are commonly adopted in a variety of industrial and domestic processes to remove fine particles. Filter performance may be assessed by two parameters: the proportion of particles passing through the media (penetration), and the resistance to gas flow through the filter (pressure drop). Another parameter, the filter lifetime, may be important where economical factors are key.
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Mullins, Benjamin James, i n/a. "Study of Capture, Fibre Wetting and Flow Processes in Wet Filtration and Liquid Aerosol Filtration". Griffith University. School of Environmental Engineering, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040919.124658.
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This thesis examines the particle capture, fibre wetting and droplet flow processes within wet filters collecting solid and liquid aerosols and within filters collecting only liquid aerosols. The processes involved in this type of filtration were examined through a series of experiments and models developed to describe the behaviour of fibre/liquid systems. This work can be summarized in 4 categories: (1) The bounce and immediate re-entrainment of liquid and solid monodisperse aerosols under a stable filtration regime (pre cake formation) by wet and dry fibrous filters. In this work it was found that the solid particles generally exhibited a lower fractional filtration efficiency than liquid particles (of the same size), although this difference decreased in the smaller size fractions. However, for the wet filtration regime (each fibre of the filter was coated by a film of water), no significant difference in filtration efficiency was detectable between solid and liquid aerosols. Either the bounce effect of the particles is inhibited by the liquid film, or the filtration conditions in the wet filter are so different that the aerosol properties are less significant with respect to capture. (2) A microscopic study of the effect of fibre orientation on the fibre wetting process and flow of liquid droplets along filter fibres when subjected to airflow and gravity forces was conducted. The flow of the liquid collected by the fibres was observed and measured using a specially developed micro-cell, detailed in the thesis. The experimental results were compared to a theoretical model developed to describe the flow of droplets on fibres. The theory and experimental results showed a good agreement. A sensitivity analysis of the model was performed which showed the droplet radius to be the most significant parameter. The model has the potential to improve filter self-cleaning and minimise water use. (3) An experimental study of the capture of solid and liquid (oil) aerosols on fibrous filters wetted with water. Variable quantities of liquid irrigation were used, and the possibility for subsequent fibre regeneration after clogging or drying was also studied. It was found that self-cleaning (removal of solid aerosols by water) occurred even under heavily dust-laden conditions, and post evaporation of water. With the collection of oil aerosols on fibres wetted with water, a predominance of the barrel shaped droplet on the fibre was observed, with oil droplets displacing water droplets (if the oil and fibre combination created a barrel shaped droplet), creating various compound droplets of oil and water not previously reported in literature. (4) An extensive experimental investigation of the wetting processes of fibre/liquid systems during air filtration (when drag and gravitational forces are acting) has shown many important features, including droplet extension, oscillatory motion, and detachment from fibres as airflow velocity increases. The droplet oscillation is believed to be induced by the onset of the transition from laminar to turbulent flow as droplet size increases. To model such oscillation it was necessary to create a new conceptual model to account for the forces both inducing and preventing such oscillation. The agreement between the model and experimental results is satisfactory for both the radial and transverse oscillations.
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Mullins, Benjamin James. "Study of Capture, Fibre Wetting and Flow Processes in Wet Filtration and Liquid Aerosol Filtration". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365591.
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This thesis examines the particle capture, fibre wetting and droplet flow processes within wet filters collecting solid and liquid aerosols and within filters collecting only liquid aerosols. The processes involved in this type of filtration were examined through a series of experiments and models developed to describe the behaviour of fibre/liquid systems. This work can be summarized in 4 categories: (1) The bounce and immediate re-entrainment of liquid and solid monodisperse aerosols under a stable filtration regime (pre cake formation) by wet and dry fibrous filters. In this work it was found that the solid particles generally exhibited a lower fractional filtration efficiency than liquid particles (of the same size), although this difference decreased in the smaller size fractions. However, for the wet filtration regime (each fibre of the filter was coated by a film of water), no significant difference in filtration efficiency was detectable between solid and liquid aerosols. Either the bounce effect of the particles is inhibited by the liquid film, or the filtration conditions in the wet filter are so different that the aerosol properties are less significant with respect to capture. (2) A microscopic study of the effect of fibre orientation on the fibre wetting process and flow of liquid droplets along filter fibres when subjected to airflow and gravity forces was conducted. The flow of the liquid collected by the fibres was observed and measured using a specially developed micro-cell, detailed in the thesis. The experimental results were compared to a theoretical model developed to describe the flow of droplets on fibres. The theory and experimental results showed a good agreement. A sensitivity analysis of the model was performed which showed the droplet radius to be the most significant parameter. The model has the potential to improve filter self-cleaning and minimise water use. (3) An experimental study of the capture of solid and liquid (oil) aerosols on fibrous filters wetted with water. Variable quantities of liquid irrigation were used, and the possibility for subsequent fibre regeneration after clogging or drying was also studied. It was found that self-cleaning (removal of solid aerosols by water) occurred even under heavily dust-laden conditions, and post evaporation of water. With the collection of oil aerosols on fibres wetted with water, a predominance of the barrel shaped droplet on the fibre was observed, with oil droplets displacing water droplets (if the oil and fibre combination created a barrel shaped droplet), creating various compound droplets of oil and water not previously reported in literature. (4) An extensive experimental investigation of the wetting processes of fibre/liquid systems during air filtration (when drag and gravitational forces are acting) has shown many important features, including droplet extension, oscillatory motion, and detachment from fibres as airflow velocity increases. The droplet oscillation is believed to be induced by the onset of the transition from laminar to turbulent flow as droplet size increases. To model such oscillation it was necessary to create a new conceptual model to account for the forces both inducing and preventing such oscillation. The agreement between the model and experimental results is satisfactory for both the radial and transverse oscillations.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environmental Engineering
Faculty of Environmental Sciences
Full Text
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Mead-Hunter, Ryan. "Modelling micro-scale coalescence and transportprocesses in liquid aerosol filtration". Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1063.
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This work has examined the physico-chemical properties of coalescing filters on a micro-scale, considering them as either a capillary system or a fibre-droplet system. This work has developed a validated theoretical model for droplet-fibe forces in both phillic and phobic systems and a computational fluid dynamics solver for droplet-fibre systems. This work will significantly improve the design and optimisation of coalescing filter systems.
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Martin, Graham S. "Theoretical and experimental studies of an aerosol coalescing fibrous filter". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265545.
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Sutter, Benjamin. "Étude de l'évaporation d'aérosols liquides semi-volatils collectés sur médias fibreux". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL067N/document.
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Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre de l’amélioration des connaissances liées à l’évaporation d’aérosols liquides semi-volatils collectés sur des filtres à fibres. Le phénomène d’évaporation d’aérosols collectés sur médias fibreux induit des problèmes de sécurité avec notamment une surexposition des salariés aux vapeurs, à l’aval des systèmes généraux de filtration de l’air. De plus, lors des contrôles des concentrations atmosphériques des aérosols, l’évaporation induit une sous-estimation de la phase particulaire de l’aérosol prélevé qui est problématique en termes de prévention de l’exposition. L’objectif de ces travaux a donc été de produire de nombreux résultats expérimentaux afin, d’une part, de compléter les rares présents dans la littérature et, d’autre part, d’améliorer les modèles théoriques développés précédemment. Deux approches expérimentales ont été menées afin d’identifier le processus d’évaporation d’un aérosol collecté. La première, nommée approche globale, permet de suivre l’évaporation de l’aérosol par la quantification des vapeurs à l’aval du filtre, au cours du temps. La seconde, nommée approche microscopique, étudie l’évaporation de gouttes collectées sur les fibres d’une fibre à l’échelle microscopique. Les deux approches réalisées lors de ces travaux s’accordent sur le fait que l’évaporation d’un aérosol liquide semi-volatil ne peut être modélisée par les modèles proposés par la littérature. Des hypothèses ont été avancées afin d’expliquer la divergence de cinétique d’évaporation entre la théorie et les expérimentationsThis study falls within the scope of improving knowledge concerning evaporation of semi-volatile liquid aerosols collected on fibrous filters. Under these conditions, the aerosol evaporation phenomenon causes problems of safety, in particular over-exposure of employees to vapours downstream of general air filtering systems. Furthermore, when controlling aerosol atmospheric concentrations, evaporation results in under-estimation of the sampled aerosol particle phase and this is clearly problematic in exposure prevention terms. The aim of this work was therefore to record a large number of experimental data, both to make up for their scarcity in the literature and to improve previously developed theoretical models. Two experimental approaches were implemented to identify the evaporation process for a collected aerosol. The first, termed the global approach, allowed us to monitor aerosol evaporation by measuring vapour quantity downstream of the filter with respect to time. The second, microscopic, approach considers evaporation of droplets collected on the filter fibres on a microscopic scale. The two approaches implemented during this research lead to agreement on the fact that evaporation of a liquid semi-volatile aerosol cannot be satisfactorily represented by the theoretical models proposed in the literature. Hypotheses are advanced to explain the divergence in evaporation kinetics between theoretical and experimental work
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Penicot-Bauge, Pascale. "Étude de la performance de filtres à fibres lors de la filtration d'aérosols liquides ou solides submicroniques". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1998_PENICOT_BAUGE_P.pdf.
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Cette étude concerne la filtration par un filtre à fibres d'un gaz contaminé soit par des particules solides submicroniques soit par un aérosol liquide submicronique. Après une synthèse de l'ensemble des travaux réalisés antérieurement, nous nous intéressons dans un premier temps à caractériser les différents filtres (très haute efficacité et moyenne efficacité) mis à notre disposition. Les résultats expérimentaux relatifs à la filtration de particules solides nous ont permis de détailler le processus de colmatage et de décrire en particulier l'évolution de la perte de charge, de l'efficacité, du profil de pénétration de l'aérosol au sein du medium. Des observations au microscope montrent que dans une première étape du colmatage, des dendrites sont formées sur les fibres dans la profondeur du filtre et que dans une seconde étape un gâteau se construit sur la surface du filtre. L’originalité de la partie expérimentale réside dans la caractérisation du gâteau et la détermination du point de transition entre les deux phases de la filtration. Un nouveau modèle théorique a été développé et permet de rendre compte de l'ensemble des résultats expérimentaux. La filtration d'un aérosol liquide a été décrite et a mis en évidence l'existence d'une masse seuil pour laquelle on observe une brutale augmentation de la perte de charge du filtre, correspondant à la présence d'un film liquide forme sur la surface du filtre. L’influence de certains paramètres opératoires a été étudiée ainsi que la nature de l'aérosol, en particulier la tension superficielle du liquide. Enfin, diverses approches ont permis de décrire théoriquement les phénomènes observés et d'ouvrir différentes perspectives de modélisation plus fines.
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Agranovski, Igor Evgenevich, i n/a. "Filtration of Ultra-Small Particles on Fibrous Filters". Griffith University. School of Environmental Engineering, 1995. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050913.164528.
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The problem of filtration of liquid aerosols by both wettable and nonwettable filters has been extensively studied and the results of the theoretical calculations together with the experimental results are presented. More realistic models of filtration by both wettable and nonwettable filters have been developed and verified experimentally. A new instrument has been developed, and used in the experiments, for the measurement of the absolute concentration of aerosols in the gas stream. This instrument is based on the measurement of the initial vapour content of the gas stream simultaneously with the measurement of the vapour content after the total evaporation of aerosol. The concentration of the aerosol is calculated as the difference between these two values. The instrument was developed to provide fast and accurate measurements of aerosol concentration. The main advantages of the instrument are: high accuracy, simplicity of measurement, possibility of use for a wide range of substances, perfect suitability of operation for automatic monitoring technologies, etc. All rights for this instrument have been reserved and the fully automatic version will be available in the near future. It was found that the efficiency of filtration of aerosol on the wettable filter depends on the thickness of the liquid film on the fibre. This parameter was taken into account in the development of a theoretical model of filtration on wettable fibrous filters. The particle breakthrough problem has been solved by the optimisation of the aspect ratio (the ratio of the height by width) of the wettable filter. On this basis, industrial devices have been developed, patented, and implemented in industry. These devices provide a stable operating efficiency of higher than 99%. It was found experimentally that the efficiency of filtration of aerosol on the nonwettable filter depends on the diameter of the drop suspended on the filter, and on the area of the filter blocked by drops: this influences the velocity of filtration. All these parameters were taken into account in the development of a theoretical model of filtration on nonwettable fibrous filters. On the basis of this model, satisfactorily verified by the experiments, an industrial device has been developed. The harnessing of atomisers makes it possible to maintain the efficiency of filtration higher than 99%, even with a relatively high velocity of filtration of 2.7m/s. The new technology is tackling the problem of handling huge amounts of exhaust gases and this is particularly important for cramped installations when the space available for the air pollution control technology is quite limited. A highly efficient gas cleaning technology has been developed. This technology is based on combining two stages (wet scrubber and filter) of currently utilised air pollution control devices by submerging the fibrous filter into the liquid on the plate. The new device provides an effective division of the main gas stream into ultra-small bubbles which increase the contact area between the gas and liquid phases. It was estimated theoretically and verified experimentally that the efficiency of the proposed 'combined' technology, is 45% higher than the efficiency of the two stages technology. The technology has been patented and will be offered for industrial implementation in the near future.
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Agranovski, Igor Evgenevich. "Filtration of Ultra-Small Particles on Fibrous Filters". Thesis, Griffith University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367392.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The problem of filtration of liquid aerosols by both wettable and nonwettable filters has been extensively studied and the results of the theoretical calculations together with the experimental results are presented. More realistic models of filtration by both wettable and nonwettable filters have been developed and verified experimentally. A new instrument has been developed, and used in the experiments, for the measurement of the absolute concentration of aerosols in the gas stream. This instrument is based on the measurement of the initial vapour content of the gas stream simultaneously with the measurement of the vapour content after the total evaporation of aerosol. The concentration of the aerosol is calculated as the difference between these two values. The instrument was developed to provide fast and accurate measurements of aerosol concentration. The main advantages of the instrument are: high accuracy, simplicity of measurement, possibility of use for a wide range of substances, perfect suitability of operation for automatic monitoring technologies, etc. All rights for this instrument have been reserved and the fully automatic version will be available in the near future. It was found that the efficiency of filtration of aerosol on the wettable filter depends on the thickness of the liquid film on the fibre. This parameter was taken into account in the development of a theoretical model of filtration on wettable fibrous filters. The particle breakthrough problem has been solved by the optimisation of the aspect ratio (the ratio of the height by width) of the wettable filter. On this basis, industrial devices have been developed, patented, and implemented in industry. These devices provide a stable operating efficiency of higher than 99%. It was found experimentally that the efficiency of filtration of aerosol on the nonwettable filter depends on the diameter of the drop suspended on the filter, and on the area of the filter blocked by drops: this influences the velocity of filtration. All these parameters were taken into account in the development of a theoretical model of filtration on nonwettable fibrous filters. On the basis of this model, satisfactorily verified by the experiments, an industrial device has been developed. The harnessing of atomisers makes it possible to maintain the efficiency of filtration higher than 99%, even with a relatively high velocity of filtration of 2.7m/s. The new technology is tackling the problem of handling huge amounts of exhaust gases and this is particularly important for cramped installations when the space available for the air pollution control technology is quite limited. A highly efficient gas cleaning technology has been developed. This technology is based on combining two stages (wet scrubber and filter) of currently utilised air pollution control devices by submerging the fibrous filter into the liquid on the plate. The new device provides an effective division of the main gas stream into ultra-small bubbles which increase the contact area between the gas and liquid phases. It was estimated theoretically and verified experimentally that the efficiency of the proposed 'combined' technology, is 45% higher than the efficiency of the two stages technology. The technology has been patented and will be offered for industrial implementation in the near future.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environmental Engineering
Faculty of Environmental Sciences
Full Text
Książki na temat "Liquid aerosol filtration"
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Tien, Chi. Granular filtration of aerosols and hydrosols. Wyd. 2. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2007.
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Tien, Chi. Granular filtration of aerosols and hydrosols. Boston: Butterworths, 1989.
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Scurrah, Katherine Lesley. Filtration of solid and liquid aerosol particles. 1999.
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Tien, Chi, i B. V. Ramarao. Granular Filtration of Aerosols and Hydrosols. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2011.
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Ramarao, B. V., i Chi Tien. Granular Filtration of Aerosols and Hydrosols, Second Edition. Wyd. 2. Elsevier Science, 2007.
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Brenner, Howard, i Chi Tien. Granular Filtration of Aerosols and Hydrosols: Butterworths Series in Chemical Engineering. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2013.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Liquid aerosol filtration"
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Agranovski, Igor E. "Filtration of Liquid and Solid Aerosols on Liquid-Coated Filters". W Aerosols - Science and Technology, 315–42. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527630134.ch11.
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Charvet, Augustin, i Dominique Thomas. "Filtration of Liquid Aerosols". W Aerosol Filtration, 161–88. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-78548-215-1.50006-8.
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Mead-Hunter, Ryan, Andrew J. C. King i Benjamin J. Mullins. "Fibrous filtration of liquid aerosols". W Fibrous Filter Media, 51–93. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100573-6.00010-1.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Liquid aerosol filtration"
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Zhou, Yanmin, Haifeng Gu, Qiunan Sun, Zhongning Sun, Jiqiang Su, Li Gao, Qianchao Ma, Gan Zhu i Li Yingzhi. "Research on Deposition of Micro-Nano Aerosols in Rising Bubble Under Pool Scrubbing Condition". W 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81160.
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Aerosols as the main component of radioactive products in migration performance, which is an important factor that a unclear reactor accident present strong diffusion and affects the distributions of source and dose level in reactor containment, and they are therefore expected to be deposited in liquid phase such as in suspension pool and filtered containment venting device. In this paper, the deposition characteristics of micro-nano aerosols in rising bubble under pool scrubbing condition is studied with experiment, the aerosols size in the research range from 20 nm to 600 nm, and the bubble morphology mainly concern homogeneous bubbly flow. The results show that the deposition efficiency and mechanism of aerosol closely relate to gas flow rate, liquid level, particle size and bubbles size and so on. The aerosol deposition near 85nm is proved most difficult because of the convert of deposition mechanisms. In a high liquid level condition, micro-nano aerosol filtration efficiency is enhanced but gradually gradual. Under different gas flow rate, air bubble residence time and the bubble size distributions affect the filtration efficiency of aerosols.
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Shimada, Taro, Soichiro Ohshima i Takenori Sukegawa. "Development of Safety Assessment Code for Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities (DecDose)". W 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75123.
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A safety assessment code, DecDose, for decommissioning of nuclear facilities has been developed, based on the experiences of the decommissioning project of Japan Power Demonstration Reactor (JPDR) at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (now Japan Atomic Energy Agency). DecDose evaluates the annual exposure dose of the public and workers according to the progress of decommissioning of the plant, and also evaluates the public dose at accidental situations including fire and explosion. The public dose at normal situations during decommissioning is evaluated from the amount of radionuclides discharged from the plant to the atmosphere and the ocean. The amounts of radionuclides discharged depend on which and how activated and/or contaminated components and structures are dismantled. The amount is predicted by using the radioactive inventory given by the plant. The filtration efficiency of the ventilation system and decontamination factors of the liquid waste treatment system of the plant are also considered. Both of the internal dose caused by inhalation and ingestion of agricultural crops and seafood, and the external dose by radioactive aerosols airborne and radioactive deposition at soil surfaces are calculated for all of possible pathways. Also included in the external dose are direct radiation and skyshine radiation from waste containers which are packed and temporarily stored in the in-site building. For external dose of workers, the radiation dose rate from dismantling contaminated components and structures is calculated using the dose rate library which was previously evaluated by a point kernel shielding code. In this condition, radiation sources are regarded to be consisted of two parts; one is a dismantling object of interest, and the other is the sum of surrounding objects. Difference in job type or position is taken into account; workers for cutting are situated closer to a dismantling component, other workers help them at some distance, and the supervisor watches their activities from away. For worker’s internal dose, the radionuclide concentrations in air for individual radionuclides are calculated from a dismantling condition, e.g. cutting speed, cutting length of the dismantling component and exhaust velocity. A calculation model for working time on dismantling was developed using more segmented WBS (work breakdown structure). DecDose was partially verified by comparison with measured the external dose of workers during JPDR Decommissioning Project. The DecDose is expected to contribute to utilities in formulating rational dismantling plans and to the safety authority in estimating conservativeness in safety assessment of licensing application or risk-based regulatory criteria.