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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Licences"
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Skeffington, Patricia Sheehy. "The limited rights of residential licensees in Ireland: A case for carefully targeted legal reform". Administration 66, nr 2 (1.05.2018): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/admin-2018-0020.
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AbstractIncreasing numbers of people live under residential licences as a result of pressure on the housing market. Residential licences arise in disparate circumstances, including in house shares, under the rent-a-room scheme and where people live in their parents’ home. This paper outlines the legal construct of licences: at base, a permission to reside. It sets out factors that distinguish licences from tenancies, in particular the absence of exclusive possession. While licences are subject to minimal regulation in comparison to tenancies, this paper presents licensors’ and licencees’ rights in their constitutional, common-law and statutory context, including standards of accommodation and ‘packing-up’ periods. It reflects on the constitutional position presented by a licensee under a licensor’s tenancy obtaining the right to become a tenant under the Residential Tenancies Act, 2004–16. In particular, it probes whether constitutional rights to the inviolability of the dwelling may be balanced in favour of augmenting licensees’ rights. In this context it posits potential for reform while highlighting the regulatory challenge presented by heterogeneous forms of licences.
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Bernelin, Margo. "The compatibility of open/free licences: a legal imbroglio". International Journal of Law and Information Technology 28, nr 2 (2020): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaaa010.
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Abstract Thirty years ago, in February 1989, the first ‘free licence’ was created: the GNU-GPL licence. Since then the number of free and open licences has grown exponentially with both private and public actors publishing their own legal document. In plain language, a licence is a document that grants a permission to do something, to perform an action. When it comes to licences covering a creation (eg a software), such a document is a contract listing the permissions and prohibitions, ie the rights and obligations of both the licensor and the licensee with regard to the creation. Usually, such licences include an extensive list of permissions and some prohibitions. However, this list of authorizations and prohibitions might defer from one licence to another, creating thus compatibility issues among them. Moreover, some licences might contradict the licensee’s domestic law. As a result, the reliance on open/free licences covered content for Big Data analysis is in a legal jeopardy. This article will review those difficulties and critically analyse the legal and technical remedies to it.
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Hill, Jonathan. "The Termination of Bare Licences". Cambridge Law Journal 60, nr 1 (marzec 2001): 89–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197301000630.
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IN principle, the law relating to the termination of bare (or gratuitous) licences should be relatively simple. Bare licences do not enjoy statutory protection and a bare licence cannot impose contractual obligations on the licensor. There are, however, four elements which complicate the law. First, through the operation of the doctrine of proprietary estoppel, the licensor may be estopped from revoking a bare licence. Second, a licence which has been acted upon is not revocable. Third, on revocation of a bare licence, the licensee must be given a reasonable “period of grace” or “packing-up period”. Fourth, it is sometimes said that a bare licence may be revoked only “on reasonable notice.” These four elements overlap (in part) and, in the case law and academic literature, there is some degree of confusion. The difficulties which exist can be resolved by more rigorous analysis.
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Spichtinger, Daniel. "Uncommon Commons? Creative Commons Licencing in Horizon 2020 Data Management Plans". International Journal of Digital Curation 17, nr 1 (20.09.2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v17i1.840.
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As policies, good practices and mandates on research data management evolve, more emphasis has been put on the licencing of data, which allows potential re-users to quickly identify what they can do with the data in question. In this paper I analyse a pre-existing collection of 840 Horizon 2020 public data management plans (DMPs) to determine which ones mention creative commons licences and among those who do, which licences are being used.
I find that 36% of DMPs mention creative commons and among those a number of different approaches towards licencing exist (overall policy per project, licencing decisions per dataset, licencing decisions per partner, licensing decision per data format, licensing decision per perceived stakeholder interest), often clad in rather vague language with CC licences being “recommended” or “suggested”. Some DMPs also “kick the can further down the road” by mentioning that “a” CC licence will be used, but not which one. However, among those DMPs that do mention specific CC licences, a clear favourite emerges: the CC-BY licence, which accounts for half of the total mentioning of a specific licence.
The fact that 64% of DMPs did not mention creative commons at all is an indication for the need for further training and awareness raising on data management in general and licencing in particular in Horizon Europe. For those DMPs that do mention specific licences, 60% would be compliant with Horizon Europe requirements (CC-BY or CC0). However, it should be carefully monitored whether content similar to the 40% that is currently licenced with non- Horizon Europe compliant licences will in the future move to CC-BY or CC0 or whether such content will simply be kept fully closed by projects (by invoking the “as open as possible, as close as necessary” principle), which would be an unintended and potentially damaging consequence of the policy.
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Mimura, Carol. "Technology Licensing for the Benefit of the Developing World". Industry and Higher Education 21, nr 4 (sierpień 2007): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000007781698310.
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In the years since the passage of the Bayh–Dole Act of 1980, university technology transfer success has been measured primarily by traditional metrics such as numbers of patents filed, revenue obtained from licensed patents and numbers of start-up companies founded to commercialize university intellectual property. Intellectual property (IP) managers have often responded to these metrics and expectations by attempting to maximize revenue from commercial IP licences. In recent years the University of California at Berkeley has acknowledged that, while licence revenue generation and local economic development are important goals, it is equally important to maximize the social impact of research. It has therefore adopted several IP management strategies, including a Socially Responsible Licensing Program (SRLP). Several types of agreements have been executed under the SRLP, including IP licences, sponsored research agreements and collaborative research agreements. All are structured to provide an economic incentive to licensees to develop and distribute goods and services to low-income and middle-income countries and/or other target groups as they are defined in each contract.
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Fillery, Ben. "Licence to thrill: selecting successful licences". Young Consumers 7, nr 1 (styczeń 2006): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17473610610681261.
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Jakubowski, Aleksander. "Patenty uprawniające do uprawiania turystyki wodnej na jachtach żaglowych – zagadnienia prawne". Studia Prawa Publicznego, nr 2(18) (4.12.2019): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/spp.2017.2.18.3.
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The article considers the issue of sailing licences which include: a sailor licence, a steersman licence and a captain licence. The legal character of sailing licences and the procedure in which they are issued is analysed. The judicial control of sailing licences is also considered. The granting of a sailing licence is an act confi rming that a person indicated therein has certain qualifi cations required for sailing. The legal character of the licence is similar to an administrative certifi cate. Granting the sailing licence can be conditional upon passing a formal examination by a person requesting the licence to be issued. The examination itself is regarded as an administrative act in law. The study proves that the Polish Sailing Association performs a function of a public administration unit issuing sailing licences. This means that it acts as a an administrative body in a functional dimension.The sailing licence is granted in the form of a declarative decision issued by the Polish Sailing Association. The proceeding for issuing such a decision is an administrative proceedings governed by the Code of Administrative Proceedings. The actions of the Polish Sailing Association as well as its failure to act are controlled by administrative courts.
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Casey, John. "Creative Commons licences: are they right for you?" Art Libraries Journal 37, nr 2 (2012): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200017442.
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This article provides an introduction to the use of the Creative Commons licence system, and sets it in a historical, economic and political context. It is written from the perspective of involvement in open educational projects in an arts university that has used the licences. A description of the fundamental features of the licences and their uses is given, together with an outline of how the Creative Commons organisation works and its strategic aims. An assessment of the usefulness of these licences is provided, together with a description of the challenges faced in dealing with low levels of legal awareness amongst academics. Practical advice and sources of further information and guidance are offered to help readers implement the licences locally.
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Graf, Thomas, i Romano Subiotto. "Analysis of the Principles Applicable to the Review of Exclusive Broadcasting Licences Under EC Competition Law". World Competition 26, Issue 4 (1.12.2003): 589–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2003030.
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This article discusses the Commission's review of exclusive broadcasting licences under EC competition law. It concludes that the Commission's practice suffers from a number of inconsistencies both as concerns market definition and substantive analysis. The authors submit that exclusive licensing is a legitimate and recognised practice for the commercial exploitation of broadcasting rights. There should therefore be a presumption in favour of the validity of such licences. Market definition and substantive analysis should be consistent with the competitive issue under examination. If the competitive issue is foreclosure, then competition authorities need to acknowledge the existence of alternative content that serves the needs of competing broadcasters equally well, regardless of the existence of dedicated viewer groups. A particular content's share of the relevant content market should serve primarily as a filter to eliminate licences involving low market shares from further scrutiny. Such licences a priori cannot raise competition issues, irrespective of their duration or scope. High market shares, on the other hand, do not automatically translate into an appreciable restriction of competition. Even in the case of high market shares, right-holders retain the right to grant licences on an exclusive basis. However, in such cases the duration and scope of the licence may need to be assessed in more detail, taking into account the full economic and legal context of the licence. An obligation for right-holders to license their content or to grant licences on a non-exclusive basis can only be contemplated in exceptional cases. Refusal to license, as such, even by a dominant undertaking cannot warrant such an obligation. The assessment of licences for new media rights should follow the same principles as the assessment of licences for traditional broadcasting rights. EC competition law should not be used as an instrument to make media policy. Competition law is platform neutral and does not provide a legal basis to favour or promote certain media platforms over other platforms. Indeed, using competition law as a media policy instrument would distort free competition and create serious legal uncertainties.
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Mangiaracina, Silvana, Ornella Russo i Alessandro Tugnoli. "To each his own: how to provide a library user with an article respecting licence agreements". Interlending & Document Supply 43, nr 4 (16.11.2015): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilds-07-2015-0022.
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Purpose – This paper aims to describe the state of the art of the Italian Archivio Licenze Periodici Elettronici (ALPE) project which aims to improve the understanding of the issues raised by licence agreements of electronic resources in the Inter-Library Loan Service and to support librarians in the implementation of the right policies. Design/methodology/approach – ALPE – (E-Journals Licenses Archive) is a national archive of interlibrary loan (ILL) clauses, extracted from standard and negotiated licences, to manage, to publicly share and to check the permitted uses of e-resources for ILL and document delivery. Findings – The ALPE archive facilitates public and free access to a remarkable amount of information and data about ILL conditions granted by the most important commercial and academic publishers, and responds to the practical problems of managing and understanding ILL clauses in e-licences. Originality/value – The solutions adopted by ALPE effectively solve many of the problems reported in the literature. These should help ILL librarians in dealing with the problems associated with ILL and licensing.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Licences"
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Mysoor, Poorna. "Implied licences in copyright law". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8d5f4169-4f04-4e1f-9600-d93b6adbcd53.
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Copyright licences can be implied when the doing of a restricted act is covered neither by the express licence of the copyright owner, nor by one of the statutory limitations and exceptions. The manner in which copyright licences are implied, therefore, holds the key to broadening the scope of permissible acts. In contrast to the rigidity of statutory limitations and exceptions, implied licences are more malleable in being able to respond to a diverse set of circumstances, as the need arises. Thus, implied licences can serve as a flexible and targeted mechanism to balance competing interests, including those of copyright owners and content users, especially in todayâs dynamic technological environment. However, implication as a process is contentious, and there are no established rules for implying a licence. Implication of a copyright licence is even more complicated because the conceptualisation of a copyright licence is unsatisfactory. The resulting uncertainty has prevented implied licences from being embraced more readily by the courts. The objective of this thesis is, therefore, firstly, to reconceptualise a copyright licence that is broad enough to accommodate the diverse circumstances in which copyright licences arise, and certain enough to assist in finding their constituents; secondly, to propose frameworks for implying copyright licences in a methodical and transparent manner, based on three sources: the consent of the copyright owner; an established custom; and state intervention to achieve public policy goals. The frameworks are also customised differently for implied bare and implied contractual licences. The thesis demonstrates the robustness of these frameworks by rationalising them with the existing case law. Underscoring the contemporary relevance of implied licences, in conclusion, the thesis tests and validates the frameworks in relation to three essential and ubiquitous functions on the internet â browsing, hyperlinking and indexing.
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Giannopoulou, Alexandra. "Les licences 'creative commons'". Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020054.
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L’emploi largement répandu des licences Creative Commons, en vue de partager des oeuvres non logicielles, justifie le choix de leur consacrer une étude, afin d’apprécier leur rapprochement actuel au régime légale de la propriété littéraire et artistique et afin d’envisager de conciliations prospectives. L’étude relève la singularité de Creative Commons en tant que système de gestion des droits d’auteur ; ce dernier, composé d’une série de licences, est guidé par une association de promotion du partage d’oeuvres et mu par une idéologie fondée sur l’autonomie de la volonté des auteurs. L’hypothèse de notre étude repose sur la variété constatée des libertés accordées par les licences. Ces dernières se transforment en une série d’outils standardisés qui s’imposent progressivement comme une norme pour la jouissance partagée d’oeuvres – tout en se fondant sur les règles du droit d’auteur. En même temps, l’étude des conséquences de la mise en oeuvre de chaque licence illustre la création d’asymétries entre les acteurs du partage. Notamment, si la distinction entre utilisation commerciale et non commerciale – introduite par les licences – constitue un outil deconciliation du régime propriétaire avec celui du partage créatif, l’utilisation de la notion ambiguë d'utilisation non commerciale influence le sort des licences et complique le processus évolutif des oeuvres partagées. L’affinement de la variété des licences conduit l’étude à s’atteler à l’examen des mécanismes prospectifs afin d’aboutir à une coordination des licences avec le droit d’auteur qui serait fondée sur le principe fondateur de Creative Commons, à savoir l’essai de rééquilibrage des intérêts impliqués au droit d’auteurThe widespread use of the Creative Commons licenses for the sharing of non-software works demonstrates the imperative to devote a study to the licenses in question. The goal of the study is to assess the current links of the licenses to the legal regime of intellectual property in order to suggest prospective ones. The study underlines the singularity of Creative Commons as a copyright management system, which consists of a series of licenses and is guided by an association promoting the sharing of works and by an ideology based on the autonomy of the authors. The premise of the thesis is founded on the variety of freedoms granted by the licenses. The licenses transform into a series of standardized tools that are gradually imposed as a standard for the sharing of works while relying on the rules of copyright. At the same time, the analysis of the consequences of the implementation of each license demonstrates the asymmetries created between the agents involved in the sharing process. In particular, our study shows that although the distinction between commercial and non commercial introduced by the licenses acts as a conciliation tool between the proprietary regime and that of the creative sharing, the introduction of an ambiguous concept - that of non-commercial use - influences the fate of licenses and complicates the evolutionary process of shared works. One way to resolve this tension proposed by our thesis is to review prospective mechanisms that would achieve a level of coordination between the licenses and copyright based on the founding principle of Creative Commons, which is the rebalancing of the interests involved in copyright
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Houtmann, Marie Ange. "La notion d'usage de marque en droit comparé franco-allemand". Strasbourg 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR30011.
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Notre étude consiste à approfondir la notion d'usage de marque, que l'utilisation émane de son titulaire (Ière partie) ou de tiers (IIème partie). Le droit français des marques de 1964 et le droit allemand des marques de 1968 font obligation à son titulaire d'exploiter sa marque (titre I), sous peine d'être soumis à des sanctions (titre II). L'utilisation de la marque peut aussi être le fait de tiers. Son usage peut être illicite (titre I) et peut provenir, soit de tiers concurrents du titulaire de la marque, soit de tiers non concurrents du propriétaire du signe. L'usage de la marque d'autrui peut aussi être licite (titre II). Des tiers concurrents ou non concurrents du titulaire de la marque peuvent être autorisés à accomplir certains actes qui portent sur la marque d'autrui sans encourir de sanctionsOur work consists in studying the use of the trademark, either by its owner (part i), or by thirds (part II). The french trademarks law of 1964 and the german trademarks law of 1968, imposed the owner (part I) to use its trademark (title I), or else he can be punished (titel II). The trademark can also be used by thirds (part II). Its use may be illicit (title I). The illicit use can come from competitors or non competitors of the trademark owner. The use of somebody else's trademark may also be licit (titel II). Competitors or non competitors can be sometimes allowed to use somebody else's trademark, without being punished
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Brown, Larianna. "Sustainable forestry and woodlot licences in BC". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31878.
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Currently the vast majority of Crown forestland in BC is managed by large private forest
corporations who hold industrial tenures. Concerns over the long term ecological and
social implications of forest management have generated increased support for small
scale forestry such as woodlot licences: Woodlots are the smallest tenure available in
the province, typically held by individuals, families, small corporations, and First Nations.
While many practitioners, academics, and environmentalists assert that small landholder
forest operations offer a comprehensive approach to forest management, there is a gap
between the supposed benefits of small scale forestry and empirical conclusive
evidence. The aim of this thesis is to fill this gap. Efforts made by woodlot licence
holders to implement sustainable forest management are examined. In addition
challenges experienced by licencees in their attempts at sustainable forestry initiatives
are analyzed. All woodlot licence holders in the province were surveyed via a mail out
questionnaire. 211 of the 813 licencees answered the survey. The according response
rate of 25.9 % is considered acceptable to make inferences about woodlots across the
province. Results indicate that the average woodlot operator undertakes a number of
voluntary measures that often surpass provincial requirements intended to institute more
ecologically sound and socially responsible forestry. The indicators of sustainable forest
management woodlot operators fall short of meeting are recognizing and consulting
First Nations regarding their rights to traditional lands and resources, and managing and
marketing diverse forest products. Licence holders identified administrative and
operating costs imposed by current provincial regulations, as the most significant barrier
undermining voluntary sustainable forestry practices. A number of recommendations to
address identified barriers were proposed by licencees. The most common proposal
was the provincial adoption of cost saving incentive driven administrative requirements
that reward operators applying sustainable measures of forest stewardship. The
findings of this research suggest that if appropriate revisions are made to woodlot
regulations, the expansion of the Woodlot Licence Program will encourage more
sustainable forest management of Crown land throughout the province.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Vacher-Roederer, Antoine. "Les licences internationales de droits de propriété intellectuelle : Contribution à la théorie du contrat de licence". Paris 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA020045.
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Les licences internationales de droits de propriété intellectuelle obéissent-elles à un régime différent de celui des licences nationales selon des règles contractuelles unitaires sans considération des droits de propriété intellectuelle sur lesquels elles portent ? Telle est la double interrogation à laquelle répond de manière affirmative la présente thèse en fonction de deux axes principaux de recherches : l'influence sur le contrat des flux transfrontaliers (d'investissements, de circulations de marchandises ou de prestations de services et de transferts de redevances) (Partie I) et l'autorisation d'exploitation internationale coordonnée par les parties ou par les réglementations (Partie II). La première partie se décompose en deux titres : le premier, relatif aux encouragements à la liberté contractuelle, ce qui comprend l'étude de la qualification du contrat de licence (chapitre1), celle des spécificités de ses clause contractuelles (chapitre2) et celle de la détermination de la loi applicable au contrat de licence (chapitre3). Le second titre est consacré à l'analyse de la réglementation des flux d'exploitation au travers de l'étude de l'influence des réglementations sur les relations avec les pays étrangers (chapitre1) et de celle des régimes fiscaux (chapitre2). La deuxième partie comprend deux titres respectivement relatifs à l'organisation collective des licences selon qu'elle résulte d'une initative privée ou publique. Le titre premier traite de la coordination des licences selon une initiative privée, par l'étude des contrats-types (chapitre1), de la gestion collective de certaines licences (chapitre 2) et des nouvelles formes d'exploitation (chapitre3). Le titre 2 analyse la coordination de l'exercice contractuel du monopole selon une initiative publique. Il est ainsi procédé successivement à l'analyse de la coordination de l'exercice du monopole d'exploitation par les réglementations internationales et à celle des licences obligatoires (chapitre unique).
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Tahiri, J. H. Fatim-Zahra. "La protection de la marque en droit comparé franco-marocain à travers l'influence de la jurisprudence européenne". Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1182.
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Au Maroc comme en France, la création de la marque exige une protection pour tout titulaire cherchant une exploitation pérenne de son produit. Son existence recouvre différentes strates allant de ses conditions de validité à son enregistrement obligatoire ou ces modes de transmission. Cette réflexion autour de sa création et de son développement est le fait d’études de marché englobant le e-commerce. Cette stratégie d’implantation incluant les noms de domaines est souvent avantageuse mais révèle de nombreuses failles au niveau juridique. Non prévu par les législateurs, leur protection devient un souci récurrent pour tout propriétaire, leur défense se faisant au gré des jurisprudences. Un produit une fois installé sur le marché peut voir son originalité subordonnée. La contrefaçon et la concurrence déloyale constituent l’axe central d’atteinte à une marque. Le e-commerce frauduleux en est un des problèmes majeurs. Reste la contrefaçon dite classique. Issue de réseaux organisés, sa lutte est le fait de mesures douanières légales et d’une coordination internationale. La mondialisation a donné à la libre concurrence une signification nouvelle. En France, la protection de la marque s’est trouvée élargie entre autre grâce au rapprochement des droits de la consommation et de la marque. C’est ce lien d’abord voulu par le droit et la jurisprudence communautaire qui a progressivement fait émergé un droit européen de la marque. La notion d’épuisement du droit en est une particularité et annonce ce que sera la marque de demain. De ce qu’il précède et quelque soit la forme de son exploitation, la protection de la marque jusque là prévue doit être complétée dans les deux paysIn Morocco, as in France, launching a brand requires a legal framework to protect it. A brand’s protection procedure covers various aspects such as terms of validity, mandatory registration procedures and terms and conditions for rights transfer. This thesis about brand creation and development is the result of market analysis including e-commerce. With regards to e-commerce brand protection, a development strategy using internet domain names, while advantageous, also reveals many legal loopholes. Given the absence of a clear legal framework and the need to rely on case law to defend a brand, protection becomes a recurrent concern for owners. Once introduced to the market, a product can see its uniqueness undermined. Counterfeiting and unfair competition constitute the principal threat to a brand and one of the major means through which this occurs is fraudulent e-commerce; in addition to more conventional types of counterfeiting. But the latter, often tied to organized criminal networks, is fought using customs measures and international coordination. Globalization has given new meaning to the free-market economy and e-commerce brings new threats to brand protection. Brand protection in France has been strengthened, thanks to the close ties built between consumer rights and trademarks. Initially established through local laws and European case law, these ties gradually led to the establishment of European trademark laws. One feature is the idea of exhaustion of trademark rights, which can often predict the brands of the future. This analysis pleads for the strengthening of trademark/copyright laws in both countries with an emphasis on e-commerce
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Bert-Erboul, Clément. "Les producteurs de contenus sous licences libres : engagements et coordinations". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12027/document.
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Les individus sur internet font quotidiennement usage d’outils informatiques créés et mis à disposition par des personnes n’exigeant pas de contrepartie. Certains de ces outils sont dits libres (free) ou ouverts (open), ce qui signifie que leurs auteurs autorisent, via des contrats de licences spécifiques, leurs utilisations et leurs modifications par tous les utilisateurs. La plus grande partie de la littérature scientifique a, jusqu’à présent, expliqué ce phénomène au travers des hypothèses économiques d’incitations individuelles. D’après cette approche les contributeurs produisant ces outils estiment que leur participation à ces projets collectifs ont des effets positifs à court et moyen termes sur leurs carrières professionnelles. À partir d’une revue de littérature et de l’étude de trois cas empiriques (Sésamath, OWNI et VideoLan), notre thèse revient sur les hypothèses d’incitations individuelles en mettant en lumière les effets de structure à l’origine du phénomène des licences libres. Notre thèse remet la rationalité en valeur au centre de l’analyse des activités des groupes produisant des contenus libres. Au final, nous démontrons que l’existence de ces organisations ne découle pas de l’activité spontanée d’individus isolés. L’apparition et le maintien de ces collectifs constituent un processus social dans lequel interviennent des organisations privées et publiques hors-lignes dont les règles professionnelles et juridiques influencent les actions collectives en lignePeople on the internet have a daily use of IT tools developed and broadcasted by other people who do not require compensation. Some of these tools are called free or open, meaning that their authors authorize, with specific licenses, their use and modification to all users.Most of the academic literature has so far explained this phenomenon through the economic hypothesis of the auto-regulated individual incentives. According to this approach, the contributors producing these free tools believe that their participation in collective projects have positive effects in the short and medium term on their professional careers. Based on a literature review and three empirical case studies (Sésamath, OWNI and VideoLan), our dissertation criticizes the hypothesis of individual incentives, and focuses on structure effects in the free licenses phenomenon. Our thesis highlights the importance of the substantive rationality and analyzes the activities of groups that produce free contents. We demonstrate that the existence of these organizations cannot be explained by the spontaneous activity of isolated individuals. The development and maintenance of these collectives are a social process involving off-line public and private organizations which influence online activity by their professional and legal rules
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Fasquelle, Daniel. "La règle de raison et le droit communautaire des ententes". Paris 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA020119.
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La regle de raison est une creation de la common law americaine. Elle consiste principalement en un bilan concurrentiel de l'entente, dont le juge se sert pour evaluer les accords qui lui sont soumis. De nombreux auteurs se sont interroges pour savoir si l'application de la regle de raison dans la communaute etait souhaitable. Certains membres de la doctrine se sont egalement demandes si, depuis l'arret metro i de 1977, la cour de justice des communautes europeennes n'avait pas mis en oeuvre la regle de raison. Il faut repondre par la negative sur ces deux points. L'etude de la regle de raison permet de constater que le droit communautaire des ententes est marque par une forte specificite qui rend l'introduction de la regle de raison peu souhaitable. Par ailleurs, l'approche de la cour de justice peut etre expliquee sans avoir recours au droit americain. L'etude de la regle de raison est cependant enrichissante, car elle entraine une reflexion sur la facon dont l'article 85 du traite cee est mis en oeuvreThe rule of reason has been created by the american common law courts in order to evaluate the effect of the restraints of trade practices on the competitive process many authors have raised a debate about the opportunity of introducing the rule of reason in european competition law. There is also divergents interpretations of the decisions of the european court of justice since 1977 in the light of the rule of reason. The specificity of the european competion law renders the application of the rule of reason not desirable. On the other hand, it is possible to explain the court of justice's decisions without ressort to the american law. The study of the rule of reason is nevertheless interesting, because it induces a reflexion on the application of article 85 of the rome treaty
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Estèves, Natacha. "Partager les brevets : étude des modèles ouverts en droit des brevets". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0048.
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En 2014, Tesla Motors, constructeur automobile de véhicules électriques, déclare vouloir, dans l’esprit du mouvement open source, partager ses brevets. Elle indique alors que les technologies brevetées dont elle est titulaire pourront être librement utilisées par tous ceux intéressés. Si l’on peut trouver cette pratique plutôt insolite, sachant l’investissement important fait par une entreprise pour obtenir un brevet, en réalité ce type de pratique n’a rien d’étonnant. L’engagement de Tesla de ne pas opposer ses brevets, n’est qu’un exemple des modèles ouverts en droit des brevets qui font l’objet de ce travail de thèse. Ces modèles ouverts, dans lesquels les titulaires de brevets font le choix de partager ces derniers en ouvrant l’usage des droits attachés à leurs brevets, révèlent ainsi un autre usage du brevet, un usage qui met en lumière le côté inclusif de ce dernier. Ces modèles sont variés tant dans leurs structures, leur fonctionnement, que dans les objectifs qu’ils se proposent d’atteindre. Ces modèles sont nés d’un besoin des innovateurs de faire face aux dérives du système des brevets (trolls, patent thickets, etc.). Ainsi, ils permettent aux innovateurs de préserver un environnement plus propice à l’innovation, dont à terme la société pourra bénéficier. Certains de ces modèles, essentiellement développés aux États-Unis, soulèvent plusieurs questions quant à leur mise en œuvre, tant dans leur pays d’origine que de notre côté de l’Atlantique. Cette thèse s’attachera donc, suivant l’analyse de ces modèles originaux, à répondre aux différentes interrogations posées par le déploiement de ces modèles ouvertsIn 2014, Tesla Motors, electric cars manufacturer, decided to share its patents in the spirit of the open source movement. Tesla’s patented technologies are thus free to use for all those interested. If one can find this practice rather unusual, given the important investment made by a company to obtain a patent, this type of practice is, in fact, not surprising. Tesla's commitment not to oppose its patents is just one example of the open models for patent this thesis investigates. These open models, in which patentees choose to share them by giving the users the widest rights to use the patented inventions, reveal another use of patents, a usage that highlights the inclusive side of patents. These models are varied both in their structures, their functioning, and in the objectives they propose to achieve. They developed out of a need for innovators to cope with the drifts of the patent system (trolls, patent thickets, etc.). Thus, they enable innovators to maintain an environment more conducive to innovation, which ultimately society can benefit from. Some of these models, mainly developed in the United States, raise several questions about their implementation, both in their home country and on our side of the Atlantic. This thesis will therefore investigate, following the analysis of these original models, the various issues raised by the deployment of these open models
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Knight, Simon. "Past childhood freedoms and licences : their contribution to emerging selfhood". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2015. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=25777.
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During the 1990's an emerging preoccupation with risk and safety was understood to be having a disproportionate impact on parents and in particular how they were bringing up their children. Fear was leading to children and young people's independent movement and association being severely curtailed. It was believed that this trend was having a detrimental impact on children's learning and sociability: subsequent generations of adults were potentially going to have deficits in their independence and competency. This research degree aims to establish what it was that past childhoods, ones that were more 'free', provided for the developing individual: what space they inhabited; what experiences occupying those spaces generated; what community relationships existed between children and adults; what expectations were place upon these children and how these factors drove the development of independent, autonomous, active adult subjects. The initial tasks facing the project were to pull the problem into focus and establish what changes to modern society were occurring. Further to this, was to understand what childhood is and what the teleological journey to adulthood entails. Furedi and Vygotsky were deployed to accomplish these ends and to help make sense of 108 extended interviews with older people born between the years of 1903 and 1965. The data reveals how freedoms and licence available to these children impacted on their learning and development. It shows, through a rich and textured archive, how a cultural script, at odds with the one at work today, shaped emerging individuals. Conclusions should not be understood to be neo-traditionalist. Much in the past is best left there. There are somethings however that we would do well to rediscover and deploy in society's reproduction. Chiefly, I believe that the distinction between childhood and a confident adulthood, as a context for adults taking collective responsibility for future gener needs to be redrawn.
Książki na temat "Licences"
1
Group, Mintel International, red. Off licences. London: Mintel International Group, 1999.
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John, Sharples. Land licences. Bristol: Jordan, 2011.
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Economics, Bureau of Industry. Business licences: International benchmarking. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1996.
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Anderson, Stuart. Licences: Traditional laws revived?. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 1985.
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Britain, Great, Great Britain. Industry Department for Scotland. i Scottish Hydro-Electric, red. Scottish electricity licences.: Generation, transmission and public electricity supply licence document. Edinburgh: H.M.S.O., 1990.
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Economics, Bureau of Industry. Business licences and regulation reform. Canberra: AustralianGovernment Publishing Service, 1996.
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Saint-Roch, Musée de l'hospice, red. Peinture, obsolescence déprogrammée: Licences libres. Angers: École supérieure d'art et de design TALM, 2022.
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Bedford, Alida. Site licences, piracy and confusion. Portsmouth: Portsmouth Polytechnic, School of Information Science, 1991.
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Goyle, L. C. The law of easements & licences. Calcutta: Eastern Law House, 1988.
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Katiyar, B. B. Law of easements and licences. Allahabad, India: Law Book Co., 1993.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Licences"
1
Stroud, April. "Licences". W Making Sense of Land Law, 298–304. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-28810-3_13.
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Davys, Mark. "Licences". W Land Law, 139–46. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60928-1_9.
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Bray, Judith. "Licences". W Unlocking Land Law, 195–216. Wyd. 7. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003123651-6.
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Kelly, Rebecca, i Emma Hatfield. "Licences". W Land Law, 207–28. New York, NY: Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315813738-8.
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Bray, Judith. "Licences". W Unlocking Land Law, 161–78. 6th edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Unlocking the law: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203732885-6.
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Harrison, I. H. "Licences for Activities". W The Law on Medicines, 83–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4141-0_6.
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Friesike, Sascha. "Creative Commons Licences". W Opening Science, 287–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00026-8_19.
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Gjørling, Ulla. "Pedagogical ICT licences". W TelE-Learning, 77–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35615-0_10.
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Green, Kate. "Licences in Land". W Land Law, 209–18. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14435-8_13.
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Dixon, Martin. "Licences to Use Land". W Modern Land Law, 365–81. Eleventh edition. | Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351237345-9.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Licences"
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Alexander, Elinor. "Natural hydrogen exploration in South Australia". W PESA Symposium Qld 2022. PESA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36404/putz2691.
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South Australia has taken the lead nationally in enabling exploration licences for natural hydrogen. On 11 February 2021 the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Regulations 2013 were amended to declare hydrogen, hydrogen compounds and by-products from hydrogen production regulated substances under the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Act 2000 (PGE Act). Companies are now able to apply to explore for natural hydrogen via a Petroleum Exploration Licence (PEL) and the transmission of hydrogen or compounds of hydrogen are now permissible under the transmission pipeline licencing provisions of the PGE Act. The maximum area of a PEL is 10,000 square kilometres so they provide a large acreage position for explorers. PEL applicants need to provide evidence of their technical and financial capacity as well as a 5-year work program which could include field sampling, geophysical surveys (e.g., aeromagnetics, gravity, seismic and MT) and exploration drilling to evaluate the prospectivity of the licence for natural hydrogen. Since February 2021, seven companies have lodged 35 applications for petroleum exploration licences (PELs), targeting natural hydrogen. The first of these licences (PEL 687) over Kangaroo Island and southern Yorke Peninsula was granted to Gold Hydrogen Pty Ltd on 22 July 2021. As well as issuing exploration licences, a key role of the South Australian Department for Energy and Mining is to provide easy access to comprehensive geoscientific data submitted by mineral and petroleum explorers and departmental geoscientists since the State was founded in 1836. Access to old 1920s and 1930s reports, together with modern geophysical and well data has underpinned the current interest in hydrogen exploration. Why the interest? 50-80% hydrogen content was measured in 1931 by the Mines Department in gas samples from wells on Kangaroo Island, Yorke Peninsula and the Otway Basin, potential evidence that the natural formation of hydrogen has occurred. Iron-rich cratons and uranium-rich basement (also a target for geothermal energy explorers) occur in the Archaean-Mesoproterozoic Gawler Craton, Curnamona and Musgrave provinces which are in places fractured and seismically active with deep-seated faults. Sedimentary cover ranges from Neoproterozoic-Recent in age, with thick clastic, carbonate and coal measure successions in hydrocarbon prospective basins and, in places, occurrences of mafic intrusives and extrusives, iron stones, salt and anhydrite which could also be potential sources of natural hydrogen.
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Sprau, Kilian. "„Wozu die Mühe?“ Über Begleiterlizenzen und ihr Schwinden aus der Auführungspraxis des Kunstlieds. Mit Tonträgeranalysen zu Richard Strauss, „Zueignung“ op. 10 Nr. 1". W Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Musikforschung 2019. Paderborn und Detmold. Musikwissenschaftliches Seminar der Universität Paderborn und der Hochschule für Musik Detmold, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25366/2020.86.
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A performance tradition stemming from the 19th century permitted lied accompanists to deviate considerably from the notated score when a flexible reaction to concrete performance situations was necessary. In this article some of these ‘accompanist’s licences’, as well as their decreasing acceptance in 20th century’s performance style, are described according to written sources. A comparative analysis of recordings of the lied “Zueignung” op. 10 No. 8 by Richard Strauss illustrates exemplarily the decline of ‘accompanist’s licences’ during the decades after 1900. Finally, the results are interpreted against the background of general developments in musical performance style.
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Benos, Céline, i Anne-Sophie Macharinow. "Form’UL : un projet favorisant l’interdisciplinarité". W Les journées de l'interdisciplinarité 2022. Limoges: Université de Limoges, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25965/lji.200.
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Form’UL est un projet dont l’objectif est d’améliorer la réussite pour les étudiants de premier cycle à l’Université de Limoges. Parmis les axes principaux du projet figure la transformation des maquettes de formation des licences générales en Approche Programme et Démarche par Compétences (APDC). L’interdisciplinarité est présente tout au long du projet Form’UL, de la création même du projet à la constitution de l’équipe d’accompagnement pédagogique pour l’APDC en passant par la méthodologie employée pour travailler à cette transformation des formations.
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Young, Garry G. "Long Term Operation of Nuclear Power Plants: Status in the U.S." W ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97962.
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As of January 2013, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has renewed the operating licenses of 73 nuclear units out of a total of 104 licensed units, allowing for up to 60 years of safe operation. In addition, the NRC has license renewal applications under review for 15 units and more than 13 additional units have announced plans to submit applications over the next few years [1]. This brings the total of renewed licenses and plans for renewal to over 97% of the 104 operating nuclear units in the U.S. This paper presents the status of the U.S. license renewal process and issues being raised for possible applications for subsequent renewals for up to 80 years of operation. By the end of 2013 there will be 26 nuclear plants in the U.S. (or 25% of the 104 units) that will be eligible to seek a second license renewal and by the end of 2016 this number will increase to about 50% of the 104 licensed units. Although some nuclear plant owners have announced plans to shutdown before reaching 60 years, the majority are keeping the option open for long term operation beyond 60 years. The factors that impact decisions for both the first license renewals and subsequent renewals for 80 years of safe operation are presented and discussed in this paper.
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BOREL, Jean-Pierre. "Professorat des écoles : quelle pluridisciplinarité dans le métier, quelle pluridisciplinarité dans la formation ?" W Les journées de l'interdisciplinarité 2022. Limoges: Université de Limoges, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25965/lji.678.
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L’université de Limoges a ouvert en septembre 2021, dans le cadre d’un programme national, une formation, portée par la Faculté des Sciences et Techniques et en collaboration avec le lycée Turgot de Limoges, pour une meilleure formation des futurs professeurs des écoles. Il s’agit d’un métier qui, en France, touche à toutes les disciplines. Cette nouvelle formation réunit toutes les disciplines liées au métier. Il s’agit là d’un réel progrès par rapport à des licences par essence mono disciplinaires. Cependant, il y a encore du chemin à parcourir pour arriver à un caractère réellement pluridisciplinaire de la formation, et du métier !
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Pavel, Valentina, Bogdan Manolea, Andra Bucur, Ovidiu Voicu i Nicolaie Constantinescu. "OER: POLICY AND BEST PRACTICES FROM ROMANIA". W eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-039.
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This paper builds on the practical experience gained during a 6 months project focused on awareness activities on open educational resources (OER) for librarians and academics in Romania. The aim of our project was to train the participants about OER and Creative Commons licences and their advantages, as well as encourage them to search for CC materials, find out how to use them and, more importantly understand how and why it is useful to produce materials under open licenses. We will focus on best practices from Romania and abroad and it will discuss policy issues related to OER at a national level, specifically by identifying key actors and their interests and how these are reflected in the national debate on digital textbooks. We will include information on the newly created OER Coalition that was set up at the national level at the end of 2013. Starting from explaining the open licenses up to how the resources are aggregated the workshops held aimed to clarify confusing aspects with regards to open education resources and also how to these are affecting the educational process. An important point for consideration was given to the rise of the MOOCs as tools for individual training as a complementary educational process to the traditional one. More efforts were put into giving insights with regards to different types of resources needed to put together training and learning materials that one would call an open educational resource. Starting from different open media outlets (Wikimedia Commons, Internet Archive, etc), up to the different grades of open licensing applied to the final aggregated resource many revealing inroads were unfolded to those who attended the workshops and also to many others given the media resulted from the workshops and the freely and openly distributed materials created during the project.
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Zollinger, Alexandre. "Propos synthétiques sur l’intégrité à l’épreuve de la liberté de reproduction (domaine public et licences libres)". W 2ème Colloque International de Recherche et Action sur l’Intégrité Académique. « Les nouvelles frontières de l’intégrité ». IRAFPA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56240/cmb9908.
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Works in the public domain may be used, and in particular reproduced, freely. This freedom of exploitation can result from the absence of protection of the object in question by the various intellectual property rights (in the presence in particular of non-original creations), or else from the end of the patrimonial rights of author (in general 70 years after his death). A third scenario: the copyright holder can choose to use his right of exploitation, not yet prescribed, by authorizing in advance any reproduction or representation of his work. This “open” use of the exclusive right is carried out by resorting to free licenses (free software, Creative Commons, etc.). In order to improve the responses to breaches of academic integrity, it is notably proposed to supplement a principle of respect for the authorship of the results of scientific research
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Rossi, Guilmour, i Luiz Gomes-Jr. "Libreflix: A Peer-to-Peer On-demand Video Platform for Free Streaming". W XXV Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia_estendido.2019.8152.
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On-demand video streaming platforms are becoming one of the most important means to publish and consume multimedia content on the internet. The platforms are usually owned by corporations that charge for content access and implement restrictive copyright policies. While the platforms are beneficial, in many aspects, to the multimedia industry and consumers, they can be too restrictive for independent content creators and users with limited resources. This paper presents Libreflix, an on-demand video platform for free publication and consumption of content. Libreflix is intended for aggregation of content with permissive licences, fostering collaboration, community engagement and democratization of knowledge in the internet. This paper describes Libreflix’s architecture, the main functionalities implemented in the platform, and discusses important aspects and lessons learned during its ongoing development.
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Aguirre Núñez, Carlos Andrés. "Analysis of chilean metropolitan areas, the case of Santiago, and Concepcion: location patterns as building licences 2002-2010". W Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8129.
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The study seeks to describe the growth of Chile's main cities, especially in the cycle 2002 to 2010. This series presented a growth economy averaged around 7%, with the consequent growth in the residential construction sector. In that sense, there is an increase in housing prices that impact on real estate products offered. This period was characterized by neoliberal policies, in a low-density city center rings in their peri central an impact on the urban fabric of the city.
Communes as Ñuñoa; Providencia and Recoleta, in the metropolitan area of Santiago, Viña del Mar and Con Con, in the metropolitan area of Valparaiso, Chiguallante and San Pedro de la Paz in the great conception, are obvious example of this process as it grew up, estate submitted higher-priced products of past and pointing to families in training, with prices can only pay the highest decile of income each metropolitan reality.
To conclude, it requires new public policies that analyze the problem pericenter ring and also agree on the elements themselves beyond the city economic growth.
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Cole, H. K. "The influence of the facility nuclear safety case on the design of naval refit support equipment". W 14th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition. IMarEST, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.006.
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Continuous review, adaptation and improvement through upkeep and maintenance periods has enabled the Royal Navy submarine fleet to remain fit for purpose through successive life extension programmes. Devonport Royal Dockyard, Plymouth, provides nuclear submarine dry dock facilities for maintenance. The Site Licences which authorise operations of these nuclear facilities are administered by the Office for Nuclear Regulation which ensures that the intent of the facility nuclear safety case is maintained throughout all operations. As such, any dock modifications and refit support equipment or structures must be designed within the framework of the safety case. A requirement to undertake refit activities external to the hull of a nuclear submarine while in dock resulted in a design and build project for a temporary dock-bottom building to provide a safe and capable environment. The design of this building’s structure and sub-systems was heavily influenced by the nuclear safety case. This paper explores the challenges of designing equipment within the constraints of the nuclear licensed site, identifies the provenance and the requirements of the nuclear safety case of a dry dock nuclear facility, and examines the influence of this safety case upon requirements management, and the design lifecycle. The design of the dock-bottom building is presented, including an outline of the technical challenges which arose, and some of the novel solutions developed, including; a modular, seismically- qualified, primary structure; and a modified crane incorporating a crushable element. The paper explores the issues of finite element analysis of the primary structure to substantiate performance and satisfy the safety case. The paper also presents a discussion of the influence and impact of the safety case upon the building design project.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Licences"
1
Knepper, Lisa, Darwyyn Deyo, Kyle Sweetland, Jason Tiezzi i Alec Mena. License to Work: Un estudio nacional de las cargas de las licencias ocupacionales. Redaktor Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. Institute for Justice, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/13583002.
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Este documento es un compendio de License to Work: A National Study of Burdens from Occupational Licensing, 3rd Edition publicado por el Institute for Justice. License to Work proporciona una instantánea actualizada de la amplitud y las cargas de las licencias para 102 ocupaciones de bajos ingresos en los 50 estados, el Distrito de Columbia y, por primera vez en esta edición, Puerto Rico. También presenta una descripción general de los principales cambios en los requisitos de licencia para las 102 ocupaciones que se han rastreado desde la edición de 2017. El compendio está enfocado en Puerto Rico y presenta toda la información sobre licencias ocupacionales en la Isla incluida en el informe. El propósito es brindar a los lectores una guía de referencia rápida sobre la situación de las licencias ocupacionales en Puerto Rico.
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Park, Walter G., i Douglas Lippoldt. Licences internationales et renforcement des droits de propriété intellectuelle dans les pays en développement. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), marzec 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/280154758880.
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Hamon, K. G., E. Giesbers, F. F. Hoekstra, A. Klok, M. Kraan, S. van der Veer, X. Verschuur i B. Deetman. Decommissioning of Wadden Sea shrimp fishing licences : Impact analysis of management measures on the fishery. Wageningen: Wageningen Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/590257.
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Knepper, Lisa, Darwyyn Deyo, Kyle Sweetland, Jason Tiezzi i Alec Mena. License to Work: A National Study of Burdens from Occupational Licensing. Redaktor Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. Institute for Justice, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/13583001.
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This document is a compendium of License to Work: A National Study of Burdens from Occupational Licensing, 3rd Edition published by the Institute for Justice. License to Work provides an updated snapshot of licensing’s breadth and burdens for 102 lower-income occupations across all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and, in a first for this edition, Puerto Rico. It also presents an overview of major changes in licensing requirements for the 102 occupations that have been tracked since the 2017 edition. The compendium is focused on Puerto Rico and features all the information on occupational licenses on the Island included in the report. The purpose is to provide readers with a quick reference guide on the situation of occupational licenses in Puerto Rico.
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Altinok, Ahmet, i Diana E. Mac Donald. Designing the Menu of Licenses for Foster Care. Banco de México, grudzień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36095/banxico/di.2023.19.
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In the United States, prospective foster parents must become licensed by a child welfare agency before a foster child can be placed in their care. This paper contributes by developing a theoretical matching model to study the optimal menu of licenses designed to screen foster parents. We construct a two-sided matching model with heterogeneous agents, adverse selection, search frictions, and a designer who coordinates match formation through a menu of contracts. We focus on incentive compatible contracts, examine optimal allocations and transfers, and analyze equilibrium sorting patterns. There are three main results: (i) optimal allocation calls for a segregation of the market, (ii) a simple transfer schedule does the job, (iii) complementarities do not ensure that Positive Assortative Matching (PAM) will arise in equilibrium, thus we provide an additional condition that guarantees it. Our results suggests that the menu of licenses used in practice, exhibits some of the properties of the optimal solution. However, the menu might not be reaching its screening objective.
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Krishna, Kala, i Ling Hui Tan. Transferable Licenses vs. Nontransferable Licenses: What is the Difference? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, marzec 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5484.
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Fougner, R. B. Public key standards and licenses. RFC Editor, styczeń 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1170.
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Gingrich, Nicole, i Isaac Patterson. NIST customer demographics: patent licenses. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, sierpień 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.eab.10.
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Carrion-Tavarez, Angel, Dick M. Carpenter i Edward J. Timmons. Unleashing Potential, The Burdens of Occupational Licensing and How It Can Be Reformed in Puerto Rico. Institute for Economic Liberty, luty 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/13584009.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This report presents a diagnosis of the dysfunctions of occupational licenses, with an emphasis on service quality, labor force participation, personal mobility, restrictions for individuals with criminal backgrounds, and public well-being. Occupational licenses in Puerto Rico and their requirements are discussed, with comparisons made to licenses in the United States. Additionally, reforms implemented in various states and the District of Columbia are considered, and five key elements are proposed for occupational regulation reform in Puerto Rico: the elimination of occupational licenses, the adoption of universal recognition, the easing of restrictions based on criminal backgrounds, and the establishment of sunrise reviews and sunset reviews.
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Carrion-Tavarez, Angel, Dick M. Carpenter II i Edward J. Timmons. Executive Summary of the Report Unleashing Potential. The Burdens of Occupational Licensing and How It Can Be Reformed in Puerto Rico. Institute for Economic Liberty, luty 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/13584011.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This is an executive summary of the policy report Unleashing Potential. The Burdens of Occupational Licensing and How It Can Be Reformed in Puerto Rico. It presents a diagnosis of the dysfunctions of occupational licenses, with an emphasis on service quality, labor force participation, personal mobility, restrictions for individuals with criminal backgrounds, and public well-being. Occupational licenses in Puerto Rico and their requirements are discussed, with comparisons made to licenses in the United States. Additionally, reforms implemented in various states and the District of Columbia are considered, and five key elements are proposed for occupational regulation reform in Puerto Rico: the elimination of occupational licenses, the adoption of universal recognition, the easing of restrictions based on criminal backgrounds, and the establishment of sunrise reviews and sunset reviews.