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Paget, Sandrine. "Localisation de gène(s) de susceptibilité à la myopie forte familiale". Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/244/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFamilial high myopia is a blinding ametropia. An autosomal dominant transmission and the involvement of chromosome 7q36 have been yet demonstrated by our team in 23 families of high myopia. The aim of this work was to confirm the 7q36 locus and to identify new ones in the French population. A linkage analysis was performed on 9 new families. The entire cohort was then re-evaluated. This study failed in replicating the 7q36 locus but it has emphasised a new one on 7p15 and showed the problem of phenotype definition. The refraction was then considered as a quantitative trait. An estimation of the heritability of the trait and a segregation analysis were done on 55 families. Heritability equal to 20% was found for the refraction and the axial length of the eye. The segregation suggested an oligogenic control of the traits. A quantitative linkage analysis on 43 families suggested the involvement of 4 QTLs on refraction. The loci identified should be re-evaluated by a case-control association study
Chesse, Pascal. "Determination des limites d'exploitation des diesel de forte puissance : incidence des circuits de liaison moteur-turbocompresseur. instabilites et pompage des compresseurs". Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT2048.
Pełny tekst źródłaEl, Hannaoui Mohammed. "Étude par la méthode des liaisons fortes de la structure électronique des "chimney-ladder" et celle des défauts ponctuels dans le disiliciure de fer". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL148N.
Pełny tekst źródłaLe, Bacq Olivier. "Contribution à l'étude quantitative des défauts dans les métaux de transition par les calculs de structure électronique : calculs ab-inition et développement de modèles de liaisons fortes spd". Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0011.
Pełny tekst źródłaLaliberté, Mathieu. "Caractérisation de la force de liaison anticorps-antigène à l'aide d'un microscope à force photonique". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27559/27559.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBen, Chamekh Ramzi. "Fonctions d'onde locales dans le formalisme des liaisons fortes". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00826049.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuren, Dennis Lee. "Cost/benefit analysis and job design for Naval Construction Force liaison officer billets on Marine Expeditionary Force staffs". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23598.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis provides a cost/benefit analysis and job design for the placement of Naval Construction Force (NCF) Liaison Officer billets on each Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF) staff. The three NEFs are the largest, most capable form of a Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF). Each NEF has been authorized a billet for a Navy Civil Engineer Corps (CEC) Lieutenant as the NCF Liaison Officer. The NCF (or Seabees) have supported the Marine Corps with a wide range of advanced-base construction from the origin of the Seabees during World War II through the Persian Gulf War. Discussion of this support role and the organizational/command relationships between the NCF and the Marine Corps is provided. Discussion of the benefits and costs expected to be realized from those billets will lead to a proposed job design. This design of responsibilities attempts to optimize results from the billets. Job characteristics for work motivation for the officers assigned are also considered.
L'hermite, Guillaume. "Etude structurale de la forme rhomboedrique de l'annexine v par diffraction des rayons x". Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112282.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Dongzhe. "Magneto-crystalline anisotropy of metallic nanostructures : tight-binding and first-principles studies". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066232/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe crucial issue in exploring ultimate density data storage is magneto-crystalline anisotropy (MCA) which originates from spin-orbit coupling. Using both tight-binding and first-principles methods, we report the MCA of Fe and Co nanocrystals that can be grown epitaxially on SrTiO3 with a remarkable control of their size, shape and structure. In order to define the proper local decomposition of MCA, we implemented the “Force Theorem” within the grand-canonical formulation in QUANTUM ESPRESSO as well as in our tight-binding model. Interestingly, for both elements, the total MCA of free nanocrystals is largely dominated by (001) facets resulting in the opposite behavior: out-of-plane and in-plane magnetization direction is favored in Fe and Co nanocrystals (containing up to several hundred atoms), respectively. We also find a strong enhancement of MCA for small clusters (containing only several atoms) upon their deposition on a SrTiO3 substrate. As a consequence, we predict that the Fe nanocrystals (even rather small) should be magnetically stable and are thus good potential candidates for magnetic storage devices. Finally, our rather general orbital-resolved analysis of MCA applies also to other systems and allows, for example, predicting the MCA behavior of magnetic thin films upon covering by various organic materials such as graphene or C60 molecule
Lê, Hoài Nam. "Influence des défauts de forme sur le comportement des liaisons : étude expérimentale et théorique". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961201.
Pełny tekst źródłaGonzalez, Gutierrez Cristina. "Mechanical forces in the binding of single domain antibodies developed for therapeutics : from molecular to cellular response". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0492/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaTherapeutic antibodies have become a major treatment in cancer due in part to their ability to recruit immune cells onto tumours. They are selected on the basis of their affinity for their antigen in a three dimensions (3D) environment. However, in some major modes of action, antibodies do bind the antigen at the interface between immune cells and target cells. We hypothesize that the physical constraints of cell-cell interface (i.e. 2D), including force and relative motion of molecules confined at surfaces, modulate the antigen-antibody binding. Specifically, we aim at exploring the links between bond mechanics and cellular response. To quantify 2D kinetics and mechanics, we perform measurements using the laminar flow chamber of two Single Domains Antibodies (sdAbs) against the surface receptor CD16 expressed in Natural Killer (NK) cells and five sdAbs against the tumoral marker HER-2 expressed in some breast cancers. Our results show three different bond dissociation behaviour under force; slip, ideal and for the first time, a catch bond. Cell adhesion experiments over sdAb antiCD16 coated surfaces reveal a correlation between antibody resistance to force and a larger spreading of NK cells. Based on their force behaviour, some sdAbs were selected to be fused forming bi-specific antibodies (bsAbs) able to recruit NK cells toward HER-2+ cancer cells. All new bsAbs display a better efficacy in cytotoxicity than the reference therapeutic antibody. We show that their efficacy is modulated by the mechanical behaviour of the antiCD16 side, depending on the nature of the target cell line, which may hint to an effect of force dependence in the limit of low antigen coverage
Boussert, Stéphanie Van Dorsselaer Alain Giralt Ernest. "Structural studies of proteins and protein complexes by mass spectrometry and atomic force microscopy". Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/977/01/BOUSSERT_Stephanie_2008.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaPhotopoulos, Raphaël. "Un modèle de liaisons fortes tridimensionnel pour les cuprates supraconducteurs monocouches à base de lanthane". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC215/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we construct a minimal three-dimensional tight-binding model for single-layer La-based cuprate superconductors. It entails eight orbitals, two of them involving apical oxygen ions. Parameter optimization allows to almost perfectly reproduce the three-dimensional conduction band as obtained from DFT. We discuss how each parameter entering this multiband model influences it, and show that the peculiar form of its dispersion severely constraints the parameter values. We then evidence that standard perturbative derivation of an effective one-band model is poorly converging because of the comparatively small value of the charge transfer gap. Yet, this allows us to unravel the microscopical origin of the in-plane and out-of-plane hopping amplitudes. An alternative approach to the computation of the tight-binding parameters of the effective model is presented and worked out. It results that the agreement with DFT is preserved provided longer-ranged hopping amplitudes are retained. A comparison with existing models is performed, too. The Fermi surface, showing staggered pieces alternating in size and shape, is compared to experiment. The density of states is calculated as well. The model is further analyzed through a weak coupling study of magnetic instabilities. It is performed on large clusters and competition between several three-dimensional magnetic instabilities in the hole-doping region of experimental interest is found. We show that the tendency to form a three-dimensional incommensurate spin density wave is strongest in the vicinity of 1/8 doping
Mustapha, Amara. "Optimisation d'Emetteur-Récepteurs pour la liaison descendante de systèmes MIMO Multi-Utilisateurs". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00666699.
Pełny tekst źródłaMeslard, Jean-Claude. "Immobilisation temporaire de medicaments par des liaisons hydrolysables sur des polymeres biocompatibles : application a l'ophtalmologie". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066417.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Dongzhe. "Magneto-crystalline anisotropy of metallic nanostructures : tight-binding and first-principles studies". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066232.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe crucial issue in exploring ultimate density data storage is magneto-crystalline anisotropy (MCA) which originates from spin-orbit coupling. Using both tight-binding and first-principles methods, we report the MCA of Fe and Co nanocrystals that can be grown epitaxially on SrTiO3 with a remarkable control of their size, shape and structure. In order to define the proper local decomposition of MCA, we implemented the “Force Theorem” within the grand-canonical formulation in QUANTUM ESPRESSO as well as in our tight-binding model. Interestingly, for both elements, the total MCA of free nanocrystals is largely dominated by (001) facets resulting in the opposite behavior: out-of-plane and in-plane magnetization direction is favored in Fe and Co nanocrystals (containing up to several hundred atoms), respectively. We also find a strong enhancement of MCA for small clusters (containing only several atoms) upon their deposition on a SrTiO3 substrate. As a consequence, we predict that the Fe nanocrystals (even rather small) should be magnetically stable and are thus good potential candidates for magnetic storage devices. Finally, our rather general orbital-resolved analysis of MCA applies also to other systems and allows, for example, predicting the MCA behavior of magnetic thin films upon covering by various organic materials such as graphene or C60 molecule
Ralay-Ranaivo, Bettina. "Développement d’une forme orale du fondaparinux". Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA114858/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince its introduction in the market in 2002, fondaparinux (Arixtra®) is a drug of choice in the anticoagulant therapy. Its structure corresponds to the heparin pentasaccharide sequence that mediates its interaction with the natural plasma inhibitor of coagulation, antithrombin. However, like heparin, its application is limited due its unique administration by parenteral route. The aim of this project is to develop an efficient oral delivery system for fondaparinux by association with a squalene derivative. Squalene, a natural precursor of cholesterol in sterol biosynthesis, is well-known for its excellent oral absorption (i.e. more than 60 %). In this context, two strategies were investigated. The first consisted in achieving a covalent coupling between fondaparinux and a squalene derivative according to the concept of “squalenoylation”. The second was to associate fondaparinux to a cationic squalenoyl derivative by non-covalent association.Experimental work showed that the first strategy was delicate to implement due to the difficulty to synthesize a fondaparinux-squalene bioconjugate and, the loss of the anticoagulant properties of fondaparinux. Because of these obstacles, the concept of "squalenoylation" was not suitable for this type of active molecule. In contrast, the second strategy has been very promising. It consisted in the formulation of a nanoparticulate delivery system by ion-pairing of fondaparinux and a cationic squalenoyl derivative. This approach permitted to highlight the self-assembly of these two compounds in water as monodisperse nanoparticles thanks to electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Furthermore, the oral absorption of fondaparinux was significantly increased with this new nanoparticulate system. This new squalene-based approach has shown its effectiveness in improving the oral administration of fondaparinux and could be a potential delivery system in the treatment of thromboembolic diseases
Ferreiro, Vincent. "Étude par microscopie à force atomique des mécanismes de plasticité dans les polymères semi-cristallins à liaisons hydrogène". Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-169.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaPawlak, Rémy. "Auto-assemblage et polymérisation 2D de molécules organiques en surface". Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX30033.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work deals with the investigation under ultra high vacuum of organic monolayers either resulting from the self-assembly or from the polymerization of individual molecular building blocks (hexahydroxy triphenylene-HHTP and diboronic acid-BDBA) at the surface of a metal and an insulator. By means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we have shown that HHTP molecules condense on Ag(111) into distinct supramolecular phases depending on the substrate temperature. A robust network can be obtained by partial dehydrogenation of the peripheral alcohol groups of HHTP, hence yielding Hbonds between the newly formed quinone groups and the alcohol groups remaining intact. STM studies of BDBA on Ag(111) revealed an organic network resulted from the creation of covalent bonds between BDBA molecules, by a two-dimensional polymerization confined on surface. On the same surface, another kind of surface covalent organic framework (SCOF) was also evidenced by copolymerization between HHTP and BDBA molecules. The SCOF's exhibits a well-extended bi-dimensional character with an exceptional thermal stability. Finally, the study by non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) of BDBA on KCl(001) has shown a bi-dimensional and well-extended phase stabilized by intermolecular H-bonds. The latter example evidences the influence of the chemical nature of the substrate to initiate the 2D-polymerization process on surface. Our results suggest that the use of chemical reactions at surfaces opens up a new approach for the development of robust and original molecular architectures
CHINARDET, NATALIE. "Etude cristallographique du complexe forme entre le regulateur de reponse chey et son domaine de liaison sur l'histidine kinase chea". Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112264.
Pełny tekst źródłaHusson, Julien. "Spectroscopie dynamique de force : méthodes d'analyse, application au couple streptavidine-biotine et à l'ancrage d'une protéine dans une membrane cellulaire". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066594.
Pełny tekst źródłaRalay-Ranaivo, Bettina. "Développement d'une forme orale du fondaparinux". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00922986.
Pełny tekst źródłaDufresne, Alice. "Modélisation atomistique de la précipitation des hydrures de zirconium : Méthodologie de developpement d'un potentiel en liaisons fortes". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4096/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe zirconium-hydrogen system is of nuclear safety interest, as the hydride precipitation leads to the cladding embrittlement, which is made of zirconium-based alloys. The cladding is the first safety barrier confining the radioactive products: its integrity shall be kept during the entire fuel-assemblies life, in reactor, including accidental situation, and post-operation (transport and storage). Many uncertainties remain regarding the hydrides precipitation kinectics and the local stress impact on their precipitation. The atomic scale modeling of this system would bring clarifications on the relevant mechanisms. The usual atomistic modeling methods are based on thermostatistic approaches, whose precision and reliability depend on the interatomic potential used. However, there was no potential allowing a rigorous study of the Zr-H system. The present work has indeed addressed this issue: a new tight-binding potential for zirconium hydrides modeling is now available. Moreover, this thesis provides a detailed manual for deriving such potentials accounting for spd hybridization, and fitted here on DFT results. This guidebook has be written in light of modeling a pure transition metal followed by a metal-covalent coupling (metallic carbides, nitrides and silicides)
Bouayad, Aboubakr. "Etude experimentale et modélisation numérique des mécanismes physico-chimiques et des comportements thermomécaniques au niveau de l'interface alliage coulé / insert mécanique". Paris, ENSAM, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENAM0012.
Pełny tekst źródłaCornaton, Yann. "Etude quantique des liaisons fortes et faibles : développement de fonctionnelles "doubles-hybrides" et de surfaces de potentiel analytiques". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997412.
Pełny tekst źródłaBERE, ANTOINE. "Etude des defauts etendus dans le zinc, le cadmium et le titane par une methode de liaisons fortes". Caen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CAEN2008.
Pełny tekst źródłaDo, Thanh Dung. "Etude des liaisons entre éléments Nickel-Titane en vue d'élaboration de matériaux architecturés : réalisation, caractérisation, métallurgique et mécanique". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI022/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaNickel-Titane shape memory alloys are widely used in many fields (aerospace, biomedical) and the combination of their outstanding properties in designed structures, namely architecture materials, has been considered in last decade. Recent studies successfully fabricated cellular structures, in particular honey combs, by thermo-mechanical processing from tubes or bars but the properties of the bonds created between the components need to be carefully investigated.This work is dedicated to the study of the bonds between NiTi near-equatomic alloy (Nitinol) elements, which are created by sintering together tubes or wires and by welding tubes under load. These bonds are characterized from metallurgical, microstructural and mechanical points of view. The obtained results led to the following conclusions.To provide a reasonably strong bond between wires and between tubes, sintering should be operated at least at 1200°C during one hour under the maximal load allowed by the experimental device, 3.5 N. However, this treatment causes intense compositional changes inside the material. A subsequent aging treatment at 900oC can help in homogenizing the material but prejudicial TiNi2O phase still exists. Besides, the interdiffusion between Nitinol elements and alumina tools at 1200°C perturbs sintering experiments. The sintering route has thus found to be inadequate unless the used device allows applying a higher load, so that the temperature can be set down.Tube welding has been more successful in terms on bond strength and NiTi phase conservation, although important microstructure changes have been observed. Three zones have been identified after welding, the weld zone, with large and long grains, the heat-affected zone, with smaller, spherical grains, and the non-affected zone. The extent of these zones is estimated from local hardness measurement. The tensile resistance of the bonds is about 12 and 50 N/mm for tubes having 0.12 and 0.3 mm thickness, respectively. A standard aging treatment does not significantly change these values although it allows material homogenization. The parameters that mainly influence the resistance and the microstructure of the bond are the weld energy, the rate of release of this energy and the load. Achieving successive welding steps is not clearly beneficial
Amara, Hakim. "Rôle du catalyseur métallique dans la croissance des nanotubes de carbone : simulations Monte Carlo dans un modèle de liaisons fortes". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349296.
Pełny tekst źródłaNasser, M'barek. "Calcul de l'intensité de photoémission par la méthode des liaisons fortes : application à l'étude de la surface de CdTe(110)". Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20210.
Pełny tekst źródłaCAMARA, MOCTAR OULD DADDAH. "Structure electronique des composes lamellaires gase, inse et de leurs interfaces avec si(111) dans une approche de liaisons fortes". Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066088.
Pełny tekst źródłaWillaime, François. "Dynamique de la transition α/β et de la diffusion dans le zirconium : modelisation par un potentiel de liaisons fortes". Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112185.
Pełny tekst źródłaWillaime, François. "Dynamique de la transition alpha/bêta et de la diffusion dans le zirconium : modélisation par un potentiel de liaisons fortes /". Gif-sur Yvette : Service de documentation et d'éd. multimédia, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35484644n.
Pełny tekst źródłaNikolaievskyi, Dmytro. "Searching for spatial and chemical control of graphene modification : atomic force microscopy assisted folding and covalent functionalisation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0263.
Pełny tekst źródłaMany efforts are put in manipulating graphene with local and chemical control to tune its electronic properties, enabling its application in device fabrication. We have used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate catalytic scanning probe lithography (cSPL) as a method to functionalise covalently a supported chemical vapour deposition graphene. We have shown that supported graphene is cut at smaller tip forces in liquid than in air. So far, the cSPL epoxidation with a manganese-based catalytic system was inefficient to functionalise graphene, but AFM scanning has opened the way for studying graphene folding by the “cut and fold” method. We have explored contact mode AFM scanning of micrometric zones of few-layer graphene (FLG), where graphene is cut and pushed at the top of scanned zones, forming wide folded stacks. Transmission electron microscopy and Raman analyses have revealed the creation of a turbostratic multilayer graphene (MLG), consisting of folded stacks of 10–20 layers, with an interlayer distance of 0.36 nm. Linear defects are introduced by folding, likely due to loops and folding edges. Thus, the cut and fold method creates a particular kind of MLG from initial FLG, sharing properties of free-standing and free-stacked graphene, and electronically different from the FLG. Finally, we have done preliminary tests of the reversible distortion of graphene by covalently grafted bridged azobenzene structures, using photoinduced E/Z isomerisation. We have confirmed functionalisation by Raman and XPS and observed UV-induced electric resistance changes
Selme, Marie-Odile. "Étude en liaisons fortes de la structure éléctronique des impuretés de transition et de défauts superficiels dans le titanate de strontium". Nancy 1, 1986. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1986_0329_SELME.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSelme, Marie-Odile. "Etude en liaisons fortes de la structure électronique des impuretés de transition et de défauts superficiels dans le titanate de strontium". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601138k.
Pełny tekst źródłaFriedel, Paul. "Étude par photoémission X et UV du nettoyage et de la passivation en plasma multipolaire d'une surface (100) de semiconducteur III-V". Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112139.
Pełny tekst źródłaSchwartz, Noah. "Précompensation des effets de la turbulence par optique adaptative : application aux liaisons optiques en espace libre". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771276.
Pełny tekst źródłaDeutsch, Thierry. "Modélisation des multicouches métalliques Au(001)/Ni, Ag(001)/Ni et Au(001)/Co". Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0096.
Pełny tekst źródłaCamacho, Mojica Dulce. "Modélisation des propriétés structurales, électroniques et optiques des nanofils de nitrures GaN/AlN". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00595868.
Pełny tekst źródłaHu, Yang. "The Manifestation of Context". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN008.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this dissertation is to develop a manifestationalist theory of context. This aim will be achieved by two steps. First, we will try to give a new specification of the explanatory role of context in utterance interpretation by developing a notion of the “force of context” and an account of “contextual contribution”. Second, we will try to show how the force of context can be made manifest by discourse connectives. The dissertation includes two parts. The first part is comprised of three chapters. The first chapter mainly establishes a conceptual framework derived from an analysis of dictionary entries for “context” to capture our intuitive notion of it. There are four conceptual components, “situation”, “text (something spoken or written)”, “connection”, “meaning”, which are indispensable for an understanding of the notion. The connectedness of context, rooted in the very notion of “connection”, is the conceptual basis of the notion of “context force”. The second chapter is dedicated to specifications of some related fundamental conceptions and distinctions: the definition of “discourse”, the distinction between “sentence” and “utterance”, and the Gricean notion of “speaker meaning”. The third chapter is a detailed review of two major theories of context. The first, tailoring context to indexicals, begins with the pioneering work of Arthur W. Burks and Yehoshua Bar-Hillel on indexical meaning and culminates in the well-developed approach to context in Kaplan’s theory of indexicals. The second, due to Robert Stalnaker, takes context as the knowledge commonly presupposed between interlocutors in a conversation, or in Stalnaker’s own terms, “common ground”. The second part includes two chapter. In the first chapter, we primarily clarify the difference between Kaplan and Stalnaker’s approaches and ours: the former base their theories on the intuitive concept of context-as-situation, namely that the context is a situation where some explanandum occurs; the latter intends to base a theory of context on the intuitive concept of context-in-use. Stemming from the concept of context-in-use, we are thus interested in: ∂. The force (not the content) of context. ß. The manifestation (not the representation) of context
Pouvreau, Maxime. "Amélioration d'un champ de force pour la description des bordures de particules argileuses". Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EMNA0291/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe CLAYFF force field is widely used to model the interfaces of clay minerals – and related layered materials – with an aqueous phase. In the simulations, clay particles are typically represented by semi-infinite layers, i.e. only surfaces parallel to the layer plane (basal surfaces) are considered. This simplification is acceptable to a certain extent, but clay layers are really nanosized and terminated by lateral surfaces or edges. These surfaces can not only adsorb solvated species but are also subject to proton transfers, and all physico-chemical processes related to the aqueous phase acidity predominantly occur at the edges. By adding to the CLAYFF force field a Metal-O‑H angle bending term whose parameters are correctly adjusted, the simulations of edge interfaces become possible.The parameters of Al-O‑H and Mg-O‑H terms were obtained from DFT calculations on bulk, basal surface and edge structural models of gibbsite Al(OH)3 and brucite Mg(OH)2, whose layers can be considered as the backbones of clay minerals and related materials. In addition, the Si-O‑H term was parametrized from an edge model of kaolinite Al2Si2O5(OH)4 . Molecular dynamics simulations based on DFT and on CLAYFF with and without Metal-O‑H term were performed. The modified force field clearly improves the description of hydroxylated surfaces : the orientation and the librational dynamics of the hydroxyl groups, the hydrogen bonding, and the coordination of metal atoms belonging to the edge are all closer to reality
Bleuse, Joël. "Effets electro-optiques dans les superreseaux semiconducteurs". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066088.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoussert, Stéphanie. "Structural studies of proteins and protein complexes by mass spectrometry and atomic force microscopy". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/BOUSSERT_Stephanie_2008.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSerhal, Dina. "Radiocommunications avec les véhicules terrestres par antennes sectorielles grand gain : application aux liaisons haut débit avec les trains". Limoges, 2009. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/921c2a31-f508-480a-ae4b-be4b06cd4851/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4035.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis Ph. D thesis takes place in the development of land communications with mobile vehicles. In this expanding field, we developed an original model for the base station antenna within the context of the project VHDT (Very High Data-rates in Trains) in partnership with the region of Limousin and other industrial partners. The aim of this project is to provide high data rates in the trains in this region using a mobile WiMAX link between the base station and the train. The proposed antenna is an original model high gain sectoral Electromagnetic Band Gap antenna (EBG). It was wisely designed to fulfill some particular requirements that we have developed from a comprehensive study of the link considered in the project. On the other hand, we studied the link budget between the base station and the train taking into account the ground reflection of the field on the in unfavorable conditions. In this context, several solutions were proposed in order to improve and optimize the communication system
Marinica, Mihai-Cosmin. "Dynamique vibrationelle des surfaces à marches nues et avec adsorbats". Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112261.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe stepped vicinal surfaces, corresponding to a small cut angle relative to a crystallographic plane, consist of ordered arrays of atomic steps separated by terraces. For real stepped surfaces, these steps and other structural defects are often found to be preferred sites for nucleation and crystal growth as well as for adsorption of atoms and molecules and can correspond to sites of chemical activity in heterogeneous catalysis. Using theoretical methods, in this thesis I studied the vibrational properties of bare and covered by molecular adsorbates vicinal surfaces. The observables of the system are extracted as an average of their evolution in time. The method used to study this time evolution of the system is the molecular dynamics coupled either to semi-empirical potentials or to those calculated using tight binding approach. The main advantage of the molecular dynamics method is its ability to calculate accurately, including the anharmonic corrections, the evolution with temperature of system properties. The capability of this method to describe the temperature dependence of observables for copper bulk, flat and vicinal Cu(211), Cu(511), Cu(331) and Cu(532) surfaces together with that of an adsorbed copper atom is proved in this thesis. The adsorption of CO molecule, coupled to an atomistic phonon bath of Cu(211) surface, is studied at low and moderately high coverages. Moreover, the adsorption takes into account the geometrical modulation of the surface, the phonon spectra are in agreement with experiment, particularly at low energy, and finally at high temperature the anharmonicity plays a significant role. Also the presence of a copper ad-atom on stepped surfaces shows an additional feature at high energy edge above the bulk cut-off, frequence that could correspond to features found in the experiment for certain stepped surfaces
Montagnon, Laurent. "Modélisation et dynamique de la fragmentation de petits agrégats de carbone lors de collisions atomiques à haute vitesse". Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/212/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research tackles the development of a quantum semi empirical model for small neutral carbon clusters and their cations (singly and doubly charged). The model aims at a good description of both the geometric and electronic structure of these species, for non-adiabatic molecular dynamics simulations of high-energy processes. Comparison of structural properties (geometries, infrared and optical spectra) and various energy differences (binding energies, ionization potentials, dissociation barriers) obtained with the model against their ab initio couterparts yields a reasonable agreement. The model is applied to the study of the isomerization equilibrium of small cations C+n, with n=3-7, at 3500 K, and to non-adiabatic molecular dynamics simulations of the excitation and relaxation of C+2 and C+3 upon a high-speed collision with an atomic helium target. The first part of the text presents the scientific and methodological contexts of these developments : specific issues and methods of cluster physics, the collision experiment that originated the development of our model, approximation-free electronic structure calculation methods and state-of-the-art approximation schemes applicable to the description of clusters. In the second part, we describe the model, its structure and parametrization, implementation details, and algorithms used for the applications (electronic structure calculation, structural optimization, and numerical propagation). .
Bessoud, Agnès. "Analyse des interactions dans des alliages à base de métaux de transition". Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0091.
Pełny tekst źródłaRazo, López Luis Alberto. "Localisation des ondes électromagnétiques au-delà d'Anderson : rôle des corrélations, des symétries et de la topologie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5013.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn a broad sense, the term wave localization refers to a phenomenon where waves are spatially confined in small regions of the space without any bounding material barriers.In this Thesis, we investigate (analytically, numerically and experimentally) different physical collective mechanisms to spatially localize, and therefore, to control electromagnetic waves. Specifically, we focus on the role of uncorrelated and correlated potentials, as well as of topological effects to achieve wave confinement. Analytical and numerical studies are accomplished in the framework of a recent approach in the modeling of Anderson localization called localization landscape theory. On the other hand, experiments are performed using a microwave platform composed by small dielectric cylinders placed inside a cavity made of two metallic plates. The cavity implements a propagative wave system, where we can efficiently control the local permittivity by means of the cylinders acting as scatterers, or as an analogic tight-binding system, where, in this case, the dielectric cylinders play the role of resonators.First, we extend the scope of the localization landscape approach to a wide class of one and two dimensional tight-binding systems in the presence of uncorrelated disorder, where localized eigenfunctions appear in both band-edges. We demonstrate how the landscape theory is able to predict accurately not only the locations, but also the energies of localized eigenfunctions in the low- and high-energy regimes. Later, by using our experimental cavity as a propagative system, we perform microwave transport experiments in two dimensional planar arrays. Experiments are carried out on a disordered lattice and on an aperiodic Vogel spiral from where we characterize the electromagnetic modal structures in real space. Our results reveals that aperiodic systems can carry a rich variety of long-lived modes—with Gaussian, exponential, and power law spatial decays—which are able to survive even in a three-dimensional environment. This is supported by different transport quantities such as the density of states, the characteristic decay time, and the Thouless conductance that are also experimentally accessible. On the contrary, we show that the eigenstates in traditional disordered media are always limited to exponential radial decays with leaking features beyond two-dimensions.Finally, we use the experimental tight-binding configuration to investigate the propagation of topological helical states. Particularly, we experimentally analyze a set of honeycomb-like structures built using a triangular lattice with an hexagonal unit cell, which are characterized by the Z_2 topological invariant. By recovering the modal structure in real space and the density of states, our results reveal the possibility to open a topological gap, dwelt by edge states that lives in the border of the structure.We demonstrate the unidirectional counterpropagative features of such helical edge states.Taken together, our results demonstrate that it is possible to model, control and localize electromagnetic waves not only within, but beyond Anderson's conception. Thanks to the crossroads we have taken, we have mapped out an itinerary that brings us closer to the main avenue leading perhaps to Anderson localization of three dimensional electromagnetic waves
Preda, Florentina Maria. "Dynamics of polyamide in the solid state in presence of solvents and in the molten state". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1001/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaDynamics in the solid state in presence of solvents: Polyamides are a family of semi crystalline thermoplastic polymers widely employed in the automotive industry due to its excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties. However, polyamide can be significantly affected by the absorption of low molecular weight penetrants like water. The rate of sorption and amount of absorbed solvent depend on the mechanisms of interaction between solvent and polyamide, along with sorption and diffusion mechanisms. Diffusion and sorption of solvents in polymers can be very complex because of the existence of specific interactions (non-polar or polar), dynamic heterogeneities in the amorphous phase, modification of the polymer dynamics induced by the solvents and different crystalline phases. In polyamide/solvent systems, all of these factors have to be taken into account. A first part of this study focused on the accessibility of the amorphous phase in semicrystalline polyamides. A comparison between a 100% amorphous polyamide and its semicrystalline counterpart of equivalent chemical structure suggests that the amorphous phase in semi-crystalline polyamide is not entirely accessible to the solvents. A second part of this study focused on the diffusion mechanisms of water and ethanol in polyamide. Fickian or non- Fickian diffusion mechanisms could be explained by the variation of the diffusion coefficients as a function of solvent concentration. Moreover, the relationship between water diffusion and the dynamics of the amorphous phase in polyamide was investigated. A simple comparison of dielectric characteristic relaxation times with the timescale of diffusion suggests that diffusion and polyamide alpha relaxation (associated to the glass transition) should not be directly correlated. However, diffusion is correlated to the secondary beta relaxation, which encompasses the local chain dynamics of hydrogen bonded amide groups in the presence of water. A mechanism of diffusion based on the trapping of water molecules between neighboring sorption sites (amide groups) is proposed in these strongly interacting polymers
CHEN, JIA YANG. "Caracterisation de l'activite de liaison a l'adn des recepteurs de l'acide retinoique sous forme d'homo- et d'heterodimeres, et proprietes de transactivation et de transrepression de ces recepteurs en presence de leurs ligands". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR13055.
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