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Raish, Carol. "Domestic animals and stability in pre-state farming societies /". Oxford : Tempus reparatum, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356941544.
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McGee, Marcus. "The use of non-invasive monitoring techniques for profiling hormonal changes associated with stress and reproductive cyclicity in domestic and non-domestic species". Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-02102009-145608.
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García, Sáenz Ariadna. "Spatial epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in domestic animals and evaluation of surveillance". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/328428.
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El objetivo de la presente tesis ha sido obtener información sobre la epidemiología de la Tuberculosis Bovina (TBb) en rebaños vacunos así como la obtención de datos para la implementación de un posible sistema de vigilancia basado en riesgo.
En el primer estudio se analizó la variación espacio-temporal del riesgo de TBb en rebaños vacunos desde el año 2006 hasta el 2011. Los resultados indicaron que la prevalencia y la incidencia fueron más elevadas en algunas comarcas y en algunos años, comparando con la evolución global a nivel de país. El análisis de potenciales factores de riesgo indicaron que tanto los movimientos entre granjas provenientes de zonas de elevada incidencia (>1%) como la presencia de ganado de lidia, incrementaban el riesgo de infección.
En el segundo estudio se describió una aproximación a un sistema de vigilancia basado en riesgo que se está evaluando actualmente en Nueva Zelanda. Dado que la presencia de TBb en granjas está conducida por un número de factores que incluyen: historial de infección previo en la explotación, frecuencia de test diagnósticos llevados a cabo en la explotación, localización geográfica y los movimientos de animales; el objetivo del estudio fue calcular una puntuación de riesgo de infección para cada granja utilizando datos recogidos durante la campaña de erradicación de forma rutinaria. De esta forma, los rebaños podrían ser clasificados en función de su riesgo de infección y así la vigilancia se podría focalizar en intentar detectar, de una forma más eficiente y economizando los costes, aquellas granjas con la puntuación de riesgo más elevada.
En el tercer estudio, la sensibilidad individual de la vigilancia de TBb en mataderos de Cataluña fue evaluada. La probabilidad de detectar un bovino infectado fue estimada mediante el producto de las siguientes probabilidades: 1) probabilidad de que un bovino infectado llegue a matadero presentando lesiones compatibles y detectables macroscópicamente (LDM), 2) probabilidad de que LDM sean detectadas durante la inspección en matadero, 3) probabilidad de que el veterinario oficial de matadero sospeche de TBb y envíe las muestras al laboratorio para su confirmación. La sensibilidad individual de la vigilancia de TBb en los mataderos de bovino de Cataluña, resultó ser de un 31.4% (CI 95%: 28.6-36.2).
En el cuarto estudio, la dinámica de transmisión de TBb dentro de un rebaño fue analizada. Para ello se desarrolló un modelo compartimental estocástico SEI (Susceptibles, Expuestos e Infecciosos). Con este modelo se infirieron los parámetros relacionados con la transmisión, en particular el ratio de transmisión (β) y el ratio en el que los animales infectados pasan a ser infecciosos (α). También, debido a la controversia sobre las sensibilidades reportadas de la prueba de la intradermo-tuberculinización simple (IDTs) en condiciones de campo, la probabilidad de detectar tanto los animales infectados como los infecciosos (ϕ y ρ, respectivamente) fue también evaluada. Las distribuciones posteriores de los parámetros modelizados fueron obtenidas mediante el método de las cadenas de Markov Chain Monte Carlo y por métodos de aproximación por computación bayesiana (MCMC-ABC). El promedio obtenido, de 33 rebaños de diferentes áreas de España, para el ratio de transmisión varió entre 0.0001 y 0.0002 por día, y el promedio del ratio de transición de bovinos infectados a infecciosos varió entre 0.011 y 0.0001.The present PhD Thesis aimed to provide information about the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle and relevant data for the implementation of a risk based surveillance system. In the first study the space-time variation of the risk of bTB in cattle between 2006 and 2011 was analyzed. The results indicated that in some counties, between some years, the prevalence and the incidence of the disease was higher as compared to the global rate in the rest of the counties of Spain. The analysis of potential risk factors indicated that both, a large number of movements from counties with high incidence (>1%), and presence of bullfighting cattle herds increased the bTB risk. In the second study it was described a risk-based approach for bTB surveillance that is under development in New Zealand. Given that the presence of bTB in a herd is driven by a number of factors including previous infection history, the amount of testing carried out on individual herds, geographic location or herd movement behavior, the objective was to use routinely recorded data to derive a ‘risk score’ for each of these factors and then to combine them to return a composite bTB risk score for each herd. By this way, herds could be ranked and this would enable to focus surveillance in those herds with the highest risk score, providing effective surveillance coverage at a reasonable overall cost. In the third study the individual sensitivity of bovine tuberculosis surveillance in Catalonian slaughterhouses of cattle was assessed. The probability of detection of a bTB-infected cattle by the slaughterhouses in Catalonia was estimated as the product of three consecutive probabilities: P1) the probability that a bTB-infected animal arrived at the slaughterhouse presenting Macroscopically Detectable Lesions (MDL); P2) the probability that MDL were detected by the routine meat inspection procedure, and P3) the probability that the veterinary officer suspected of bTB and sent the sample for laboratory confirmation. The mean individual bTB surveillance sensitivity of the different cattle slaughterhouses in Catalonia obtained in this study was 31.4% (CI 95%: 28.6-36.2). In the fourth study a stochastic compartmental SEI (Susceptible, Exposed (latent), and Infectious) model was developed to mimic Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) within-herd transmission dynamics. This model was used to infer several parameters related to bTB spread within Spanish cattle farms, in particular the cattle-to-cattle transmission rate (β) and the rate at which infected cattle become infectious (α). Also, given the controversy over the sensitivities of the single intradermal tuberculin test (SIT) application in field conditions, the probability of detection of both infected and infectious cattle (ϕ and ρ, respectively), were also evaluated. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo-Approximate Bayesian Computation (MCMC-ABC) method was used to generate posterior distributions and the mean within herd transmission rate (β) estimated in 33 Spanish herds varied between 0.0001 and 0.0002 per day, and the mean rate at which infected cattle become infectious (α) varied between 0.011 and 0.0001.
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Dorey, Nicole. "Experimental investigation of social learning in domestic animals and non-human primates". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/47016.
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Imitation is considered to be an efficient method of conveying information between individuals. It is believed to be among the least common and most complex forms of animal learning. After almost a century of studying social learning in animals, scientists still have not been able to give a clear answer to the question “Do animals imitate?”. Although there have been some studies that have shown certain species under certain conditions unequivocally imitate (e.g. Zentall, et al., 1996), these studies have not been successfully replicated in a wide range of species. This thesis expands the social learning literature extending the range of settings and species in which it has been studied and by drawing links to the field of behaviour analysis. Four of the current studies used versions of the two-action method to look for imitative learning in both non- human primates and domesticated animals. In this methodology an observer watches a demonstrator manipulate an apparatus with two different parts of their body. Using two different parts of the body and not two different manipulations lets researchers determine if the individual is learning by observation or just learning about changes in the state of the environment. This methodology is the only one that can distinguish local enhancement (learning only to attend to the location of the demonstrator), or stimulus enhancement (learning only to attend to the stimulus which the demonstrator interacts with) from “true” imitation (Campbell, Heyes, and Goldsmith, 1999). One of the current studies used the “do as I do” methodology. In this method a subject is trained to match a few gestures of the demonstrator for reinforcement (i.e. the demonstrator raises her/his hand and the subject raises his/her hand) on the verbal command of “Do this” or “Do it”. After the subject reaches criterion on the trained behaviours a novel behaviour is added that has not been trained to see if the subject will spontaneously imitate the behaviour. Successfully copying a novel demonstration is taken as evidence of understanding the rule needed for imitative performance. This methodology is popular because it not only can distinguish between imitation and the other forms of social learning, but it can also show the subjects’ ability to generalize this type of learning. The overall results show very little imitative learning occurring in the various groups of animals studied. The low rate of imitation may not be surprising. For just over 100 years psychologists have been studying social learning and in that time only a handful of researchers have been able to show clear evidence of an animal’s ability to imitate the actions of a demonstrator. These results suggest that, though imitative learning may be important in the lives of a few species, or in the acquisition of particular behaviour, it is unlikely that it plays an essential role in the acquisition of behaviour in general, especially behaviour through which animals directly manipulate their environment.
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SCAVONE, DONATELLA. "CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF PARAOXONASE-1 IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS: BEYOND CONVENTIONAL INFLAMMATORY MARKERS". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/943292.
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Inflammation and oxidative stress frequently occur in domestic animals. The diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory and oxidative conditions are based on markers that are so far considered accurate but may lack specificity and prognostic utility. In the last years’ research, interest has grown about the role of Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of many diseases characterized by inflammation and/or oxidative stress, both in human and veterinary medicine. In veterinary species, PON-1 measurement is to date primarily restricted to the research field and has not been yet undertaken in the routine clinical field. However, recent research has highlighted promising utility in many clinical contexts. Since accurate and precise spectrophotometrical assays validated in many species are now available and proved to be cheap, rapid and automated, its measurement could easily be included in routine chemistry panel in the near future. Therefore, the aim of my research was focused on the evaluation of the usefulness of PON-1 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in different conditions characterized by inflammation and/or oxidative stress in different veterinary species.
The results collected in the different studies described in this thesis provided further insights about the possible utility of PON-1 as a biomarker in veterinary clinical pathology. We confirmed the role of PON-1 as a marker of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, possibly associated with sepsis in horses and dogs, and its usefulness as a prognostic marker in these contexts. Furthermore, in dogs we confirmed its usefulness as a marker of disease severity and its possible applications as a tool for clinical decision or detection of subclinical disease. As regards cats and pigs, results about its usefulness are still preliminary and deserve further investigation with a wider and more standardized caseload. On the contrary, we demonstrated the usefulness of PON-1 as an ancillary test for clinical decisions or to address further testing in cattle with bovine respiratory disease.
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Rutter, Steven Mark. "Fear in the domestic fowl : can aversion be measured?" Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24288.
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Qin, Jinyi. "Characterisation of the central region of the sheep major histocompatibility complex". Thesis, Curtin University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/375.
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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a chromosomal region encoding molecules controlling adaptive immune response in vertebrates. In farm animals, many associations between MHC loci and productivity traits including disease susceptibility have been described. However, current knowledge about the structure and function of the MHC in domestic animals, especially sheep, is very limited. Characterization of the sheep MHC may potentially facilitate breeding for enhanced disease-resistant animals through use of marker assisted selection. The main aim of this project has been to provide insights into the organization of the genomic content of the central region of the sheep MHC. The work described herein has utilized subcloning of a sheep BAC genomic library in conjunction with DNA sequencing to generate a map of the central region of the sheep MHC covering ≈700 kbp. Within this map the relative order and identity of twenty five recognized loci were established. For some loci the intergenic distances were also determined. The final map is the most accurate map of this region reported to date and shows a high degree of similarity to the analogous region of the human MHC. This work has been published and a copy of the paper is included in Appendix 1. During the course of this work detailed genomic sequences were obtained for several sheep central region loci. Complete nucleotide sequences were generated for the complement factor B locus (CFB) and the TNFα locus and a comparative analysis of these sequences confirmed their homology with other vertebrate orthologues. Extensive partial sequences for complement components C2 and C4 were also obtained and reported to GenBank.In addition, a previously identified short tandem repeat locus designated BfMs believed to be in the CFB locus was mapped to an intron within the adjacent SKI2VL locus. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified by analysing homologous sequences from a minimum of five individual sheep. In total 33 SNPs were discovered distributed over eleven distinct loci. Allele frequencies for SNPs from ten of these loci were determined and reported for a panel of 71 sheep comprising 58 unrelated sheep from the Rylington Merino flock plus a further 13 unrelated parental animals from a three generation half sibling sheep pedigree. The availability of an independently confirmed pedigree constructed from a three generation half sibling sheep family permitted the identification by deduction of central region MHC haplotypes based on a panel of SNPs derived from 10 loci. This is the first reporting of haplotypes covering this region of the sheep MHC. Analysis of SNP panel genotypes in the cohort of 71 unrelated sheep using the expectation maximization algorithm permitted the prediction of a group of approximately 20 haplotypes, which accounted for more than 90% of the expected haplotype distribution. Four of these predicted haplotypes were also present in the known haplotype cohort deduced from the sheep pedigree. Analysis of pairwise linkage disequilibrium between SNP loci in the cohort of 71 unrelated sheep showed a centre-most region displaying relatively high levels of linkage disequilibrium which was bounded by two regions displaying more variable linkage disequilibrium.It is hypothesised that this mid region of the central region of the sheep MHC may be a block like structure characterized by low recombination similar to those that have been widely described in the human and mouse genomes. The discoveries reported in this thesis provide a more accurate and detailed description of the central region of the sheep MHC together with a panel of SNPs, which reflect the diversity of this important genomic region which is known to be associated with immune responsiveness. The description, for the first time, of central region haplotypes provides a practical means of seeking candidate loci associated with disease resistance and productivity traits. The application of molecular techniques will enhance the rate at which the genomic composition of this region is elucidated and the work described in this thesis will contribute to final characterization of this important complex in health and disease.
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Jacevičienė, Ingrida. "Epidemiology, diagnostics and immunoprophylaxis of rabies in wild and domestic animals in Lithuania". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121211_095603-81838.
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Rabies is one of the oldest and most dangerous human and animal diseases. This is a disease that is transmitted directly from animal to animal and from an animal to a human being. People usually contract this disease from stray domestic animals therefore a realistic threat is posed to everyone to become infected with the rabies virus (RV). The only and the most effective way of protecting oneself from rabies after an infected or unknown animal has bitten one, is immunoprophylaxis.
Between 2003 and 2011, the epidemiological situation of rabies in Lithuania was assessed. The methods that were used to diagnose rabies are noted for specificity and sensitivity. It has been proved that applying simultaneously the direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and rabies tissue culture infections test (RTCIT) methods it was possible to ensure a fast and effective determination of RV in the samples of wild and domestic animals under investigation thereby ensuring confirmation of the diagnosis of being infected with RV. During the wild fauna oral rabies vaccination (ORV) period between 2007 and 2011, the philogenetic analysis of RV isolates of domestic and wild animals in the sphere of N gene by means of the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out for the first time.
In 2006-2011, the assessment of the efficacy of ORV in raccoon dogs and red foxes by means of the quantitative the Enzyme-linked immunoassay test (ELISA) research method... [to full text]Pasiutligė – viena iš seniausių ir pavojingiausių žmonių ir gyvūnų ligų. Šia liga užsikrečiama kai pasiutlige sergantis gyvūnas įkanda žmogui ar kitam gyvūnui, ar apseilėja sužalotą odą. Žmonės dažniausiai užsikrečia nuo valkataujančių naminių gyvūnų, todėl išlieka visiems reali užsikrėtimo pasiutligės virusu grėsmė. Vienintelis ir efektyviausias apsisaugojimo būdas nuo pasiutligės yra imunoprofilaktika. Šiame darbe ištirtas pasiutligės viruso paplitimas 2003-2011 metų laikotarpiu ir nustatyta laukinių ir naminių gyvūnų pasiutligės epidemiologinė situacija Lietuvoje. Atliekant 2007–2011 metų pasiutligės geografinio paplitimo analizę buvo nustatyta, kad nagrinėjamu laikotarpiu didžiausias tiek laukinių, tiek naminių gyvūnų infekuotumas buvo nustatytas Lietuvos Rytinėje ir Pietrytinėje dalyje. Naudoti pasiutligės diagnostikos metodai pasižymi speciškumu ir jautrumu. Įrodyta, kad kartu taikant tiesioginį fluorescuojančių antikūnų ir audinių kultūrų infekavimo pasiutligės virusu metodus, galima užtikrinti greitą ir efektyvų pasiutligės viruso nustatymą laukinių ir naminių gyvūnų tiriamuosiuose galvos smegenų mėginiuose, tuo užtikrinant diagnozės patvirtinimą dėl užsikrėtimo pasiutligės virusu. Laukinių gyvūnų oralinės vakcinacijos nuo pasiutligės (ORV) periodu 2007-2011 metais atlikta naminių ir laukinių gyvūnų pasiutligės viruso izoliatų filogenetinė analizė N geno srityje atvirkštinės transkripcijos polimerazės grandininės reakcijos (AT-PGR) metodu. Pirmą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Metzger, Julia Anna Petra [Verfasser]. "Exploring genomes of domestic animals using Next Generation Sequencing / Julia Anna Petra Metzger". Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1174835583/34.
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Cerbulis, Inga G. "Cognitive abilities of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa)". Connect to resource, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1129213827.
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Huitson, Niki Rae. "An exploratory analysis of the emergence and implications of Breed Specific Legislation: knee-jerk reaction or warranted response? /". Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2361.
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Poling, Jennifer L. "An examination of liability, duty, and disclaimers for the pleasure horse industry in West Virginia and other states". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5963.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 74 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-74).
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Fantinato, E. "ROLE OF THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR SOX9 IN THE TUMORIGENESIS OF SOME DOMESTIC ANIMALS NEOPLASMS". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/378481.
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The first section of the thesis gives a brief overview of the literature about the transcriptor factor Sox9, focusing the attention on its main functions during developmental processes and in acquired deseases.
The second section, after a short introduction on Sox9 in Veterinary Medicine, is concerned with the assessment of Sox9 immunohistochemical staining in normal tissues of various animal species, in order to validate this marker in domestic animals.
The other sections present the findings of the research, with six original research studies concerning Sox9 immunohistochemical expression in several groups of neoplasms.
To better explain Sox9 role in nervous tissue development and in its neoplastic lesions they are treated together with Sox10 in the last work.
The table of contents is here reported:
The SOX family:
Sox9
Sox9 in tissues Sox9 in acquired diseases
SOX9 in veterinary medicine:
Sox9 in normal tissues of various animal species
SOX9 in the skin and hair follicle:
Sox9 in canine epithelial skin tumors
SOX9 in male gonad :
Immunohistochemical expression of Sox9 protein in immature, mature, and neoplastic canine Sertoli cells
SOX9 in mammary gland neoplasms:
Sox9 expression in feline mammary hypertrophy
Sox9 expression in feline mammary carcinomas
Sox9 expression in canine mammary neoplasms
Sox9 in nervous tissue and neoplasms:
Immunohistochemical panel evaluation for differential diagnosis of horse spindle cells tumors.
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Vosloo, W., Klerk LM de, CI Boshoff, B. Botha i RM Dwarka. "Characterisation of a SAT-1 outbreak of foot-andmouth disease in captive African buffalo (Syncerus caffer): Clinical symptoms, genetic characterisation and phylogenetic comparison of outbreak isolates". Veterinary Microbiology, 2007. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000818.
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African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) play an important role in the maintenance of the SAT
types of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in southern Africa. These long-term carriers
mostly become sub-clinically infected, maintaining the disease and posing a threat to
other susceptible wildlife and domestic species. During an unrelated bovine tuberculosis
experiment using captive buffalo in the Kruger National Park (KNP), an outbreak of
SAT-1 occurred and was further investigated. The clinical signs were recorded and all
animals demonstrated significant weight loss and lymphopenia that lasted 100 days. In addition, the mean cell volume and mean cell haemoglobin values were significantly
higher than before the outbreak started. Virus was isolated from several buffalo over a
period of 167 days post infection and the molecular clock estimated to be 3 × 10−5
nucleotide substitutions per site per day. Seven amino acid changes occurred of which
four occurred in hypervariable regions previously described for SAT-1. The genetic
relationship of the outbreak virus was compared to buffalo viruses previously obtained
from the KNP but the phylogeny was largely unresolved, therefore the relationship of this
outbreak strain to others isolated from the KNP remains unclear.
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Park, Hee-Bok. "Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits Using Domestic Animals : A Candidate Gene and Genome Scanning Approach". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4582.
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Domestication has led to genetic changes that affect quantitative traits in farm animals. Both candidate gene analysis using association tests and genome scans based on linkage analysis have been performed to understand the molecular basis underlying quantitative genetic variation in horses, pigs and chickens. To test a possible association of polymorphisms in the PRKAG3 gene, previously found to be associated with excess glycogen content in pig skeletal muscle, with quantitative traits in the horse, the major coding part of the equine PRKAG3 sequence was identified. Bioinformatic characterization of the equine PRKAG3 gene was conducted. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) causing a missense mutation (Pro258Leu) was found. Screening this SNP showed that the Leu258 allele was more frequent in breeds with heavy muscularity. To assess previously reported associations between polymorphisms in the MC4R gene and obesity-related traits further, we conducted linkage analysis between the MC4R locus and fatness-related traits using a Wild BoarxLarge White intercross. No significant association between segregation at the MC4R locus and fatness was detected in this pedigree. A genome scan of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) has been performed in an intercross between chicken lines divergently selected for growth. Divergent parental lines have been established by selecting for high and low 56-day body weight for over 40 generations. The selection has led to approximately a 9-fold difference in 56-day body weight between lines and resulted in correlated responses for a number of traits including appetite, immune response, body composition and metabolic traits. Phenotypic data on growth and other correlated traits were collected from more than 800 F2 individuals. Genome scans using 145 markers on 26 linkage groups have identified QTLs affecting growth and correlated responses to selection for 56-day body weight. No major QTL explaining a large portion of phenotypic variation in growth was revealed in this study.
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Welle, Monika M. "Mast cell heterogeneity in domestic animals and the involvement of mast cell subtypes in disease /". Bern : [s.n.], 2001. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Lorenzi, V. "PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI:GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF STRAINS ISOLATED FROM DOMESTIC ANIMALS AND POTENTIAL HUMAN HEALTH HAZARDS". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/169567.
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Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) are one of the most important groups of bacteria causing diarrhea and extraintestinal infections in humans and animals. In particular, in farm animals diseases due to pathogenic E. coli strains are a recognized cause of strong economic losses and reduction of animal welfare. Moreover, farm animals, especially cattle, are an identified source of zoonotic E. coli strains, such as Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC), which are responsible of serious human illnesses. In this thesis both the roles of E. coli (E. coli as an animal pathogen and E. coli as a zoonotic agent) were investigated. Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic E. coli strains isolated from diseased and healthy calves were characterized. Identification of virulence factors and antimicrobial susceptibly testing were also carried out for E. coli isolated from sows with urinary tract infections (UTI). Finally, a survey was conducted to investigate the presence of STEC in bovine dairy herds of Lodi province.
E. coli is frequently responsible for diseases in calves. Virulence genes and pathotypes of 54 E. coli selected isolates from septicemic, diarrheic and healthy calves from Lodi, Italy were characterized. Three (5.6%) enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), 24 (44.4%) extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), 25 (46.3%) E. coli strains harbouring a combination of virulence factors not related to a particular pathotype and 2 (3.7%) potentially non-pathogenic strains were identified by PCR and microarray analysis. Different E. coli pathotypes were isolated from calves with similar diseases and analogous pathotypes were observed in animals with different symptoms. Virulence factors such as iss and microcins were found in ETEC isolates from septicemic animals and the iroN gene was significantly associated with ExPEC isolates from symptomatic calves. Our results suggest that particular E. coli pathotypes may not always be associated with a specific syndrome and the presence of other virulence, host and/or environmental factors contribute to the disease. Antimicrobial resistance of the 54 E. coli strains was also investigated. Antimicrobial susceptibly testing and detection of antimicrobial resistance-related genes by microarray analysis highlighted the presence of a great number of multi-resistance E. coli strains. Alarming resistance to third and fourth generation cephalosporins and to fluoroquinolones was also identified.
E. coli strains are also recognized as a major cause of UTI in sows, 77 E. coli strains isolated from urine of sows with acute UTI were investigated to identify virulence genes and phylogroups. The most prevalent gene identified was fimH alone or in combination with other virulence genes, especially iutA and iucD genes. The fimH gene was also the most common gene found in the 33 E. coli strains isolated from sows’ faecal samples. Differences with human uropathogenic isolates were observed related to phylogenetic groups and adhesion profile. Strains isolated from sows belonged to E. coli groups A and B1 while pathogenic strains in humans belong to groups B2 and D. Moreover, P and S fimbriae were detected less frequently in porcine strain. Overall, the majority of strains isolated from UTI in sows harboured few virulence factors, suggesting that other factors related to animals and environment could contribute to the pathogenesis of infection. In addition, further investigation are required to clearly understand the real relationship between faecal and UTI strains, in particular for those strains showing fimH gene only. Antimicrobial resistance profile of the 77 isolates from UTI showed that the majority of these strains was susceptible to the antimicrobial agents tested, with the exception of the association sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.
Finally a survey, to investigate the presence of the zoonotic STEC pathotype was carried out in 315 bovine dairy herds of Lodi province, Italy. Six-hundred bulk tank milk samples were analysed by PCR to detect stx genes. Stx-Positive samples were characterized for the presence of eae gene and serogroup specific-associated genes (O157, O26, O103, O111, O121, O145 and O1O4:H4). Twenty-five (4.2%) raw milk samples were found positive for stx gene, in particular Stx2 was the most common type of toxin. This toxin was detected both alone and in association with eae gene. Serogroup was identified in 10 (40%) of 25 STEC positive bulk tank milk samples. The determination of the serogroup was not possible in 15 (60%) samples with the PCR assay used. The results reported highlight the presence of human potentially pathogenic strains in dairy herds of Lodi province.
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Bouwer, K. A. "Building disappointment : the limits and potential of tort liability for energy efficiency problems in domestic buildings". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1517971/.
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This interdisciplinary thesis examines the potential for liability in tort in relation to two problems, which recur frequently in energy efficient buildings: energy efficiency failings – the ‘performance gap’ – and summer overheating. It works at the interface between tort theory, climate change litigation and energy efficiency, a key requirement for the mitigation of climate change. It is grounded in two key theoretical perspectives. The conception of private law is pluralist: a structural model of tort based on Cane’s ‘anatomy’: variably protected interests of parties in a correlative relationship. It relies on instrumental approaches to private law, informed by regulatory theory, strongly to emphasise the potential for liability outcomes to frustrate an already weak and poorly enforced policy area. The second theoretical perspective is a conception of climate change as a multiscalar phenomenon, a workable solution to which will require coherent treatment on all levels and across all scales. It highlights the need for ‘climate consciousness’: greater attention on small and more mundane issues that interface with aspects of domestic climate policy. The first half of the thesis explores the research context and encompasses most of the interdisciplinary work. It explains how building energy efficiency might technically be achieved and how problems arise. It explores the governing regulation, including the shortcomings of regulatory enforcement. The second half of the thesis examines doctrinal and theoretical mismatches that could arise in adjudicating the problem areas. The core conclusions include concerns that disputes in this poorly regulated area might undermine decarbonisation and hence, climate change mitigation policy; in addition, ‘climate blind’ litigation can lead to perverse outcomes which reinforce a lack of awareness of both climate adaptation and mitigation policy goals.
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Pearson, Hayley. "Understanding and mitigating the risk of pathogen transmission from wild animals to domestic pigs in Australia". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8738.
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The pork industry in Australia accounts for 2.1% of all agricultural production with a gross value of AU $865 million. It is comprised of approximately 1,350 pork producers and 2.3 million pigs. Pigs in Australia, similar to most other developed countries, are raised in three different production systems: traditional intensive production, ecoshelters and freerange. Each of these production systems provide opportunities for pathogen introduction and spread by wild animals. Wild animal species, both introduced and native to Australia,pose a disease threat to domestic animals and humans in relation to the introduction, maintenance and spread of emerging, exotic and endemic pathogens. Australia has had few outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases and is well protected from transboundary animal diseases due to stringent quarantine procedures, which protect Australia’s livestock industries. As such, the main threat to domestic pig health in Australia posed by wildlife is transmission of infectious pathogens currently endemic in wild animal populations. Eighty five percent of the pig producing members of Australian Pork Limited that responded to a postal survey experienced wild animal incursions on their piggery. The wild animals presenting the greatest risk to commercial piggeries, determined by the number of pig producers reporting an observation of the species and the frequency of observations, included the European starling (Sturnus vulgarus), rodents (black rat Rattus rattus, brown rat Rattus norvegicus, and the house mouse Mus musculus) and feral cats (Felis catus). The species-specific pathogen transmission potential from feral pigs (Sus scrofa) also presented a high risk. The role of the cat in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to domestic pigs in piggeries has been thoroughly studied and consequently has not been examined further in this study. Pig pathogens were detected in European starlings, rats and feral pigs. These pathogens could be transmitted to pigs through direct and indirect pathways, via contaminated food, water and air. The current study detected Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. in European starling populations around four large-scale commercial piggeries in South Australia. Escherichia coli was detected in starlings on all four piggeries, while Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. were only detected on one piggery. Salmonella spp. and Lawsonia intracellularis were detected in rats on three large-scale commercial piggeries,two of which were located in Victoria, and one in South Australia. Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Brachyspira pilosicoli were not detected in rats in the current study. Lawsonia intracellularis, Brucella suis, Leptospira spp. and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were all detected in feral pigs within 10 km of two large-scale commercial piggeries in southern Queensland. Results from six collared feral pigs showed that for 5 pigs the majority of their movement was within 5 km of the piggeries. One individual, a large male boar, moved to within 100 m of a free-range piggery. Based on the results of an exposure assessment, rats presented the highest probability of exposure of pathogens to domestic pigs, and Lawsonia intracellularis (median 0.13, 5% and 95% CI 0.05–0.23) and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae (median 0.10, 5% and 95% CI 0.05–0.19; based on the prevalence in rats obtained from literature) were the most likely pathogens to be transmitted. The probability of exposure of domestic pigs to pathogens from European starlings was estimated to be lower than the exposure from rats. However, pathogenic Escherichia coli had a 0.03 (5% and 95% CI 0.02–0.04) median probability of exposure, which was the highest probability among the three pathogens studied in starlings. The probability of pathogen exposure from feral to domestic pigs was found to be lower than rats and starlings for some pathogens. The highest probability of domestic pig exposure to feral pig pathogens was found to be for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (median 0.01, 5% and 95% CI 0.004–0.02) and Lawsonia intracellularis (median 0.01, 5% and 95% CI 0.005–0.03) for pigs in free-range piggeries in a region with a high number of feral pigs. The models developed in this thesis identified the presence and number of wild animals around piggeries, their access to piggeries and pig food and water, and their proximity to piggeries, as critical points to mitigate the risk of pathogen exposure. Findings from this thesis indicate that the estimated probability of exposure of domestic pigs to pathogens from wild animals is not negligible. As such, the implementation of mitigation strategies should be further investigated, considering also the magnitude of the impacts of this exposure, the costs involved with the mitigation measures and the practical implications. This would support decision-making to determine the need for and benefits of these mitigation strategies.
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Tapio, M. (Miika). "Origin and maintenance of genetic diversity in northern European sheep". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514282353.
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Abstract
The Nordic and Baltic countries and North-western Russia have >20 old native sheep breeds. These together with recently synthesized breeds and local populations of international breeds make up the northern European sheep diversity. Changes in agriculture threaten to erode genetic diversity in sheep. Molecular genetic variation was assessed to understand genetic diversity in northern European sheep. Distribution of maternal lineages were studied based on mitochondrial control region variation in 76 sheep breeds in northern Europe and in a wide neighbouring area extending to the Caucasus and Central-Asia. Autosomal microsatellite variation was studied in 37 northern European breeds, and autosomal blood protein variation was studied in six Finnish and Russian breeds. Four distinct maternal lineages were observed in Eurasian sheep. Their distribution agrees with sheep expansion starting from the Near East. Two most common distinct lineages were recorded in northern Europe. Majority of northern sheep have the lineage, which predominates in other parts of Europe. Results suggest that the main maternal origin of northern sheep is in the south. However, rare "Asian" lineage was observed in several old northern European breeds. The rare type in the Nordic sheep is descendant to the type observed in the Middle Volga region, which suggest that some sheep were brought to northern Europe from the east. Microsatellites showed clustering of geographically neighbouring sheep, when breed locations are corrected for the recent transportations. The analysis separated long and short-tailed sheep, although this macroscale structure explains a small proportion of breed differences. Differentiation among the northern European breeds is stronger than typically observed in sheep. Many native breeds are less inbred than the local populations of the international breeds, but some rare breeds and subpopulations of divided unofficial strains were inbred. Some breeds require more careful maintenance due to recent population size reduction. Maintaining prolificacy in breeds such as the Finnsheep and the Romanov may require efficient avoidance of inbreeding. The breeds were ranked for conservation using simultaneously within-breed variation and breed divergence. Set of important breeds included seven rare old native breeds or strains which merit efficient conservation measures urgently.
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Wong, Fung-yee. "Planning for the livestock farming [in] Hong Kong /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1275173X.
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Qin, Jinyi. "Characterisation of the central region of the sheep major histocompatibility complex". Curtin University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, 2008. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=118317.
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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a chromosomal region encoding molecules controlling adaptive immune response in vertebrates. In farm animals, many associations between MHC loci and productivity traits including disease susceptibility have been described. However, current knowledge about the structure and function of the MHC in domestic animals, especially sheep, is very limited. Characterization of the sheep MHC may potentially facilitate breeding for enhanced disease-resistant animals through use of marker assisted selection. The main aim of this project has been to provide insights into the organization of the genomic content of the central region of the sheep MHC. The work described herein has utilized subcloning of a sheep BAC genomic library in conjunction with DNA sequencing to generate a map of the central region of the sheep MHC covering ≈700 kbp. Within this map the relative order and identity of twenty five recognized loci were established. For some loci the intergenic distances were also determined. The final map is the most accurate map of this region reported to date and shows a high degree of similarity to the analogous region of the human MHC. This work has been published and a copy of the paper is included in Appendix 1. During the course of this work detailed genomic sequences were obtained for several sheep central region loci. Complete nucleotide sequences were generated for the complement factor B locus (CFB) and the TNFα locus and a comparative analysis of these sequences confirmed their homology with other vertebrate orthologues. Extensive partial sequences for complement components C2 and C4 were also obtained and reported to GenBank.In addition, a previously identified short tandem repeat locus designated BfMs believed to be in the CFB locus was mapped to an intron within the adjacent SKI2VL locus. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified by analysing homologous sequences from a minimum of five individual sheep. In total 33 SNPs were discovered distributed over eleven distinct loci. Allele frequencies for SNPs from ten of these loci were determined and reported for a panel of 71 sheep comprising 58 unrelated sheep from the Rylington Merino flock plus a further 13 unrelated parental animals from a three generation half sibling sheep pedigree. The availability of an independently confirmed pedigree constructed from a three generation half sibling sheep family permitted the identification by deduction of central region MHC haplotypes based on a panel of SNPs derived from 10 loci. This is the first reporting of haplotypes covering this region of the sheep MHC. Analysis of SNP panel genotypes in the cohort of 71 unrelated sheep using the expectation maximization algorithm permitted the prediction of a group of approximately 20 haplotypes, which accounted for more than 90% of the expected haplotype distribution. Four of these predicted haplotypes were also present in the known haplotype cohort deduced from the sheep pedigree. Analysis of pairwise linkage disequilibrium between SNP loci in the cohort of 71 unrelated sheep showed a centre-most region displaying relatively high levels of linkage disequilibrium which was bounded by two regions displaying more variable linkage disequilibrium.
It is hypothesised that this mid region of the central region of the sheep MHC may be a block like structure characterized by low recombination similar to those that have been widely described in the human and mouse genomes. The discoveries reported in this thesis provide a more accurate and detailed description of the central region of the sheep MHC together with a panel of SNPs, which reflect the diversity of this important genomic region which is known to be associated with immune responsiveness. The description, for the first time, of central region haplotypes provides a practical means of seeking candidate loci associated with disease resistance and productivity traits. The application of molecular techniques will enhance the rate at which the genomic composition of this region is elucidated and the work described in this thesis will contribute to final characterization of this important complex in health and disease.
23
Dobson, Jane Margaret. "Investigations into the use of hyperthermia in the treatment of naturally occurring tumours in domestic animals". Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519544.
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Niwano, Yoshimi. "STUDIES ON THE IMMUNE STATUS DEMONSTRATED BY LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS EXPOSED TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS". Kyoto University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/168786.
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本文データは平成22年度国立国会図書館の学位論文(博士)のデジタル化実施により作成された画像ファイルを基にpdf変換したものであるKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・論文博士
博士(農学)
乙第7639号
論農博第1698号
新制||農||608(附属図書館)
学位論文||H3||N2378(農学部図書室)
UT51-91-T445
(主査)教授 宮本 元, 教授 入谷 明, 教授 佐々木 義之
学位規則第4条第2項該当
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Wright, Angela J. "Animal welfare assessment in veterinary education : its theory and practical application to domestic pigs". Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.572445.
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RAMOS, AMANDA C. O. "Aplicacao da radiacao gama na desinfestacao de racoes a base de graos para alimentacao de animais domesticos". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9486.
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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:27:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:57:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Rossi, Barbara <1986>. "Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) and induced Plutipotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) in Domestic Animals: Characterization and Differentiation Potential". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6795/1/rossi_barbara_tesi.pdf.
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Derivation of stem cell lines from domesticated animals has been of great interest as it benefits translational medicine, clinical applications to improve human and animal health and biotechnology. The main types of stem cells studied are Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs), induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) and Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs). This thesis had two main aims:
(I) The isolation of bovine MSCs from amniotic fluid (AF) at different trimesters of pregnancy and their characterization to study pluripotency markers expression. Stemness markers were studied also in MSCs isolated from equine AF, Wharton’s jelly (WJ) and umbilical cord blood (UCB) as continuation of the characterization of these cells previously performed by our research group;
(II) The establishment and characterization of iPSCs lines in two attractive large animal models for biomedical and biotechnology research such as the bovine and the swine, and the differentiation into the myogenic lineage of porcine iPSCs.
It was observed that foetal tissues in domestic animals such as the bovine and the horse represent a source of MSCs able to differentiate into the mesodermal lineage but they do not proliferate indefinitely and they lack the expression of many pluripotency markers, making them an interesting source of cells for regenerative medicine, but not the best candidate to elucidate pluripotency networks. The protocol used to induce pluripotency in bovine fibroblasts did not work, as well as the chemical induction of pluripotency in porcine fibroblasts, while the reprogramming protocol used for porcine iPSCs was successful and the line generated was amenable to being differentiated into the myogenic lineage, demonstrating that they could be addressed into a desired lineage by genetic modification and appropriated culture conditions. Only a few cell types have been differentiated from domestic animal iPSCs to date, so the development of a reliable directed-differentiation protocol represents a very important result.
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Rossi, Barbara <1986>. "Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) and induced Plutipotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) in Domestic Animals: Characterization and Differentiation Potential". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6795/.
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Derivation of stem cell lines from domesticated animals has been of great interest as it benefits translational medicine, clinical applications to improve human and animal health and biotechnology. The main types of stem cells studied are Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs), induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) and Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs). This thesis had two main aims:
(I) The isolation of bovine MSCs from amniotic fluid (AF) at different trimesters of pregnancy and their characterization to study pluripotency markers expression. Stemness markers were studied also in MSCs isolated from equine AF, Wharton’s jelly (WJ) and umbilical cord blood (UCB) as continuation of the characterization of these cells previously performed by our research group;
(II) The establishment and characterization of iPSCs lines in two attractive large animal models for biomedical and biotechnology research such as the bovine and the swine, and the differentiation into the myogenic lineage of porcine iPSCs.
It was observed that foetal tissues in domestic animals such as the bovine and the horse represent a source of MSCs able to differentiate into the mesodermal lineage but they do not proliferate indefinitely and they lack the expression of many pluripotency markers, making them an interesting source of cells for regenerative medicine, but not the best candidate to elucidate pluripotency networks. The protocol used to induce pluripotency in bovine fibroblasts did not work, as well as the chemical induction of pluripotency in porcine fibroblasts, while the reprogramming protocol used for porcine iPSCs was successful and the line generated was amenable to being differentiated into the myogenic lineage, demonstrating that they could be addressed into a desired lineage by genetic modification and appropriated culture conditions. Only a few cell types have been differentiated from domestic animal iPSCs to date, so the development of a reliable directed-differentiation protocol represents a very important result.
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Egmar, Ann-Charlotte. "Katten också! : exponering för pälsdjur och dess konsekvenser för pälsdjursallergiska barn /". Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-518-6/.
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Fukimoto, Naila Maui. "Personality and faecal cortisol metabolites levels of domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47132/tde-01112018-115004/.
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The study of cat personality and behaviour can help minimize potential problems in the relationship between cats and their tutors and decrease relinquishment or maltreatment. Personality in animals is a promising area dedicated to studying characteristics of individuals that describe and account for temporally stable patterns of affection, cognition and behaviour traits. In general, people adopt cats according to their appearance, age or sex. Personality assessments can promote successful adoptions by identifying ideal animals for potential tutors. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) has implemented a program called Meet Your Match® (MYM) which assesses the personality of shelter cats and the life style of adopters. With a better match between cat and tutor, the rate of animals being returned to shelters tend to decrease and cats welfare and adaptation in new homes tend to improve. To evaluate physiological stress and personality dimension, faecal cortisol metabolites (FCM) levels were measured and a modified MYM protocol was applied in two localities: a shelter and the tutors home. Our main goals were: 1) verifying the validity of personality dimensions used in a modified MYM assessment in a Brazilian cat shelter sample through an exploratory study of the psychometric properties of the protocol, as well as an exploratory factor and a cluster analysis; 2) verifying the correlation between personality and faecal cortisol levels; 3) checking if MYM assessment is consistent through change of localities; and 4) finding out how moving from the shelter to the tutors home affects faecal cortisol metabolites levels. We found evidence of validity of the modified MYM assessment based on internal structure to personality dimensions in this sample, although it presented a factorial structure that differs from the original assessment. No correlation was found between personality dimensions and FCM levels, corroborating the literature. There was a slight decrease of FCM levels in homes, but most subjects maintained their FCM levels, showing that cats can cope with stress in both environments the shelters and the tutors home. MYM personality assessment was consistent throughout the change of localities, which indicates that it is a good instrument to assess cat personalityO estudo sobre comportamento e personalidade dos gatos pode ajudar a minimizar possíveis problemas na relação entre gatos e seus tutores e diminuir o abandono e os maus tratos. A personalidade em animais é uma área promissora, que estuda características dos indivíduos que descrevem e representam padrões temporais estáveis de afeto, cognição e comportamento. Em geral, as pessoas adotam um gato de acordo com a aparência, idade ou sexo do animal. As avaliações de personalidade podem promover adoções bem-sucedidas, identificando animais ideais para potenciais tutores. A American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) implementou um programa chamado Meet Your Match® (MYM), que avalia a personalidade dos gatos e o estilo de vida de futuros tutores. Com uma melhor combinação entre gato e tutor, a taxa de devolução desses animais para abrigos pode diminuir e o bem-estar e a adaptação em novas residências tendem a melhorar. Para avaliar o estresse fisiológico e as dimensões da personalidade, metabólitos fecais de cortisol (MFC) foram medidos e a avaliação MYM foi aplicada em duas localidades: um abrigo e a residência do tutor. Nossos principais objetivos foram: 1) verificar a validade das dimensões de personalidade utilizadas na avaliação do MYM em uma amostra de abrigo brasileiro, por meio de um estudo exploratório das propriedades psicométricas do protocolo, uma análise de fator exploratório e uma análise de cluster; 2) verificar a correlação entre os tipos de personalidade e o cortisol fecal; 3) verificar se a avaliação do MYM foi consistente após mudança de localidades (abrigo e casa); e 4) verificar como a mudança do abrigo para a casa do tutor afeta os níveis de cortisol fecal. Encontramos evidências de validade da avaliação MYM modificada, baseadas na estrutura interna das dimensões da personalidade nesta amostra, embora a estrutura fatorial tenha sido diferente da avaliação original. Não foi encontrada correlação entre as dimensões de personalidade e os níveis de MFC, corroborando a literatura. Houve uma discreta diminuição dos níveis de MFC nas casas, mas a maioria dos indivíduos manteve seus níveis de MFC, mostrando que os gatos lidam bem com o estresse nos dois ambientes o abrigo e a casa do tutor. A avaliação de personalidade do MYM foi consistente na mudança de localidades, o que indica que ela é um bom instrumento para avaliar a personalidade de gatos
31
Wilkinson, John Sydney. "Some observations on spontaneous disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism in small domestic animals with special reference to diabetes mellitus". Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522815.
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Tunesi, Lutfi Al. "Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli in Faecal Samples from Domestic Animals and Wildlife : a Cross-Sectional Study". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507579.
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Hadden, Lucy E. "How to tell your mother from a Bush : a model of predispositions and filial imprinting in domestic chicks /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9908492.
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Kopechek, Mary Elizabeth. "Variation in the Onset and Expression of Hazard Avoidance Behavior Across Three Breeds of Domestic dogs". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1268233077.
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Tagwireyi, Whatmore Munetsi. "Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in the OR Tambo District, South Africa". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60281.
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Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled parasite that has a wide range of hosts including humans. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate T. gondii seroprevalence and associated risk factors in small ruminants, pigs, poultry and cats in the Oliver Reginald Tambo District in the Eastern Cape in South Africa between June 2016 and October 2016. Household-level and animal-level data were collected using a close-ended questionnaire. One sample of each present species was collected in each household. The Toxoreagent ®, Mast Group, United Kingdom, latex agglutination test, was used for T. gondii antibody detection. Positive samples had agglutination patterns at dilutions of 1:64 or greater, except for chickens, whose cut off titre was 1:32. A household was classified as T. gondii seropositive if at least one species tested positive. The study revealed that 78 out of 121 sheep (64.46%), 69 out of 128 goats (53.91%), 36 out of 106 pigs (33.96%), 35 out of 109 cats (32.11%) and 46 out of 137 chickens (33.58%) were seropositive for the parasite. Seropositivity was assessed for association with potential risk factors. Age, location, climate, animal production system, rodent control, cat-feed access and cat faecal disposal were found to be significantly associated with seropositivity using the Chi-Squared test or odds ratio confirmed by the Fisher's exact test. The relatively high seroprevalence of T. gondii detected in this study suggests that the infection T. gondii poses a substantial public health risk through the consumption of infected raw or undercooked meat infected with T.gondii cysts as well as contact with cat faeces infected with T. gondii oocysts.Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Veterinary Tropical Diseases
MSc
Unrestricted
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Čenienė, Jurga. "Baudžiamoji atsakomybė už žiaurų elgesį su gyvūnais pagal Lietuvos ir užsienio valstybių įstatymus". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120703_152607-72782.
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Magistro baigiamojo darbo objektas – baudžiamosios atsakomybės už žiaurų elgesį su gyvūnais samprata ir teisinis reglamentavimas Lietuvos ir užsienio įstatymuose bei teismų praktikoje. Magistro baigiamajame darbe apžvelgiama gyvūnų apsaugos įstatymų ir žiauraus elgesio su gyvūnais kriminalizavimo istorinė raida. Analizuojami pasirinktų užsienio šalių (JAV, Rusijos Federacijos, Vokietijos Federacijos ir Europos Sąjungos) teisės aktai numatantys baudžiamąją atsakomybę už žiaurų elgesį su gyvūnais, aptariamos tų šalių teisinės bazės spragos. Darbe nagrinėjami šiuo metu Lietuvoje galiojantys ir gyvūnų gerovę reglamentuojantys įstatymai ir tarptautinės sutartys. Atliekama detali LR Baudžiamojo kodekso 310 straipsnio, numatančio baudžiamąją atsakomybę už žiaurų elgesį su gyvūnais sudėties sisteminė analizė. Pasitelkiant teismų praktikos pavyzdžius loginio-analitinio ir lingvistinio (verbalinio) teisės aiškinimo metodų pagalba išryškinami šios teisės normos dispozicijos trūkumai ir pateikiami pasiūlymai kaip tuos trūkumus būtų galima pašalinti. Pateikiami pamąstymai ir pasiūlymai gyvūnų numarinimo (eutanazijos) problemos sprendimui bei nagrinėjamos LR Gyvūnų gerovės ir apsaugos įstatymo projekto nuostatos reglamentuojančios žiauraus elgesio su gyvūnais sampratą. Įvertinus šiame darbe formuluojamos problemos aspektus ginama hipotezė, kad dėl nepakankamai detalios teisinės reglamentacijos kyla praktinių baudžiamosios teisės normų taikymo už žiaurų elgesį su gyvūnais problemų.Subject of Master's thesis is the criminal responsibility for cruelty to animals and the concept of legal regulation in the Lithuanian and foreign laws, and in court practice too. The Master's thesis gives the historical review of evolution of criminalization of the legislation on protection of animals and ill treatment of them. In the Thesis the analysis of legal acts of selected foreign countries (USA, Russia, Germany and European Union) is made. Are analyzed the legal acts providing criminal sanction for ill treatment of animals, and are discussed the gaps of legal base of mentioned countries. In the Master's thesis the laws existing now in Lithuania and also international treaties which regulate welfare of animals are considered. It is made the detailed analysis of the contents of the Article 310 of the Criminal code of the Republic of Lithuanian, which provides the criminal responsibility for cruelty to animals. On examples of court practice by means of analytical and verbal methods of statutory interpretation of rules of law the shortcomings of a disposition of this legal norm come to light, and also ways of their emendation are offered. In the Master's thesis the suggestions for a solution of the problem of euthanasia of animals are provided, and also provisions of draft of the Republic of Lithuania Law on welfare and protection of animals regulating a concept of ill treatment of animals, are considered. Considering aspects of the problem formulated in this Master's... [to full text]
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Jenkins, Akinbowale Olajide. "Identification and genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infections at the human/domestic animals/wildlife interface in Nigeria and South Africa". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05132009-165911/.
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Bobic, Gavrilovic Bojana. "Reproductive patterns in the domestic dog : a retrospective study, with the Drever breed as model /". Uppsala : Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/10639782.pdf.
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Nott, BreAnne M. "Documenting domestication molecular and palynological analysis of ancient turkey coprolites from the American southwest /". Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/b_nott_041310.pdf.
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Matos, Carlos Antonio de. "Species composition and geographic distribution of ticks infesting cattle, goats and dogs in Maputo Province, Mozambique". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30518.
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The primary objective of this study was to determine the species composition of ticks that infest domestic animals in Maputo Province and their geographic distributions. To this end a total of 145 cattle, 129 goats, 132 dogs and 63 dragsamples of the vegetation were examined at 30 localities distributed throughout the province, at each of which the geographic coordinates were recorded and later plotted. A total of 15187 ixodid ticks belonging to 15 species were recovered. These were Amblyomma hebraeum, Haemaphysalis elliptica, Haemaphysalis sp., Hyalomma rufipes, Ixodes cavipalpus, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rhipicephalus kochi, Rhipicephalus longus, Rhipicephalus pravus group, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rhipicephalus simus, Rhipicephalus tricuspis and Rhipicephalus turanicus. R. (B.) microplus and A. hebraeum were most abundant on cattle, while H. elliptica was most abundant on dogs. H. elliptica, I. cavipalpus, R. longus and R. turanicus can now be added to the lists of ixodid tick species previously published for Mozambique. The geographic distributions of nine of the 15 tick species were mapped, and A. hebraeum, H. elliptica and R. evertsi evertsi were present throughout the province. No indigenous Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus were recovered, whereas the introduced Asian tick, R. (B.) microplus was present in all districts. It would seem that R. (B.) decoloratus has been completely displaced by R. (B.) microplus in Maputo Province. Although R. appendiculatus was recovered at 24 of the 30 localities, it was present at only two of the seven localities in the south of the province. R. sanguineus was present on dogs in the districts of Boane, Naamacha and Manhiça, where the collections were made at the dog owners’ homes. R. simus was present at 27 localities and R. turanicus was collected in the districts of Magude, Boane, Namaacha and Matutuine, in the north, centre and south of the province. Future surveys in Mozambique should focus on determining the extent to which R. (B.) microplus has displaced R. (B.) decoloratus. A further objective of the study was to compare the prevalence of the five major tick species, namely A. hebraeum, R. (B.) microplus, R. appendiculatus, R. evertsi evertsi and R. simus on cattle and goats. It was possible to do this at 21 of the sampling sites, at each of which five cattle and five goats had been examined. These five ticks infested both cattle and goats, but the goats harboured larger numbers of immature ticks and fewer adults of some species, while large numbers of both adult and immature ticks were recovered from cattle. Furthermore, more cattle than goats at more localities were infested with adult ticks of each of the five species. Consideration should be given to including goats in future tick control programmes applied to cattle on the same properties. A total of ten ixodid tick species were recovered from dogs in Maputo Province. Of these H. elliptica, R. sanguineus, R. simus and R. turanicus can be considered major parasites of dogs, while large numbers of immature A. hebraeum and smaller numbers of immature R. appendiculatus infested these animals opportunistically.Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Veterinary Tropical Diseases
unrestricted
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Fargo, Timothy Joseph. "Farm animal sanctuaries postdomestic activism and the transformative power of place /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1723178161&sid=12&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Montalvo, Silva Egresado Ángel. "Diagnosis of livestock production in three communities (Tunshi San Javier, San Antonio and Maria Auxiliadora) using the Chambo irrigation system - Guano". BYU ScholarsArchive, 1997. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5403.
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During 43 weeks three communities belonging to the Chambo-Guano irrigation system (María Auxiliadora, San Antonio, and Tunshi San Javier) were studied. Each family had 0.662 ± 0.149 producing cows, 0.115 ± 0.048 dry cows, 0.381 ± 0.095 heifers, 0.252 ± 0.068 young bulls, 0.158 ± 0.052 bulls, and 0.568 ± 0.096 calves. The age at first mounting (21.696 ± 9.28 months) showed that the cows enter reproduction late. Of the cows, 71.94 ± 5.26% were of household varieties. To feed them, alfalfa was used at 79.86 ± 4.5%, undergrowth 56.83 ± 5.62%, corn stalks 48.2 ± 6.02%, kikuyu 19.42 ± 4.63%, crop aftermaths 18.71 ± 4.29%, zig-zig 17.27%, agave 9.35 ± 3.5%, ray grass (8.63 ± 2.98), banana waste 8.63 ± 3.28%, and oats 2.88 ± 1.96%. There were 280 ± 85.27 mother sheep, 64 ± 33.697 male reproducers, 174 ± 54.62 young sheep, and 198 ± 65.76 lambs. The age at first mounting was 18.45 ± 9.55 months and time between shearings was 12.62 ± 2.91 months with a production of 7.46 ± 3.99 pounds of wool. 53.24 ± 5.82% of the sheep were household breeds. As sources of food there were underbrush (46.04 ± 5.79%), pasturing (41.73 ± 5.77%), alfalfa (25.9 ± 5.25%), crop aftermaths (12.95 ± 3.99%), ray grass (5.76 ± 2.64%), and corn stalks (5.04 ± 2.65%). There were 672 ± 310.302 pigs. The age at first birthing was 18.108 ± 1.153 months with 8.237 ± 0.713 piglets per birthing, with only 5.536 ± 0.472 weaned at an age of 2.419 ± 0.156 months. As a food source, there was underbrush (56.12 ± 5.94%), banana waste (51.8 ± 5.85%), kitchen scraps (48.2 ± 5.95%), crop aftermaths (38.85 ± 5.26%), bran (28.06 ± 5.37%), alfalfa (26.62 ± 5.19%), and quiquyo (4.32 ± 2.33%). The guinea pig population was 3608 ± 683.653 with 2.52 ± 0.1 young per birthing. Outstanding food sources were alfalfa (79.86 ± 4.74%), chilca (34.53 ± 5.72%), underbrush (24.46 ± 5.18%), and kitchen scraps (11.51 ± 3.77%). The bird population was 1140 ± 226.856 animals. The majority are household chickens (47.48 ± 11.79%) used for egg production. Predominating foods were dried corn (72.66 ± 5.26%), barley (35.97 ± 5.62%), and wheat (1.44 ± 1.40%). The communities studied tend toward using bovine milk production. Even when the cows have low reproduction rates, they have important levels of milk production. The number of calves per birth could be adequate, but the levels of weaning are low. In guinea pigs and birds there were not any precarious forms of tenancy; possibly there are family property forms. It is recommended that the study be deepened in order to establish the influence of irrigation water, implement profitable programs of exploitation, and establish plans to help forward ecological tourism.
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Nascimento, Lismara Castro do. "Obesidade e vitamina D em cadelas com tumores mamários malignos /". Jaboticabal, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/190742.
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Orientador: Lizandra AmorosoResumo: A obesidade é o transtorno nutricional mais observado em cães. Em mulheres, esta condição corporal é fator predisponente para tumor de mama e é também responsável por diminuir os níveis séricos de vitamina D. Considerando as ações reguladoras e preventivas da vitamina D em células tumorais, objetivou-se pesquisar a influência da obesidade e os níveis séricos de vitamina D de cadelas com tumores mamários malignos. Para isso, foi realizada a triagem de cães, fêmeas, sem predileção por raça, com e sem tumor de mama, por meio de exames sanguíneos, cardiográficos e ultrassonográficos. Na ausência de alterações sistêmicas, os tutores foram entrevistados e dois grupos experimentais foram estabelecidos, sendo um grupo constituído por 12 cadelas saudáveis (grupo controle) e o grupo com tumor de mama maligno, por 11 cadelas de acordo com o perfil dos animais e com os resultados do Escore de Condição Corporal (ECC). Foram avaliados os níveis séricos de vitamina D, HDL, LDL, colesterol total e triglicérides; e a composição corporal no equipamento de absorciometria de raios-X de dupla energia. Após entrevista com o tutor, verificou-se que a maioria das cadelas com tumor não eram castradas, não praticavam atividade física e 18,3% apresentaram pseudociese. A análise estatística multivariada demonstrou que cadelas idosas com tumor de mama e alta porcentagem de gordura corporal apresentaram menores concentrações de 25(OH)D, quando comparadas ao grupo controle. Quanto à avaliação histopatológi... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Obesity is the most commonly observed nutritional disorder in dogs. In women, this body condition is a predisposing factor for breast tumor and is also responsible for lowering serum vitamin D levels. Considering the regulatory and preventive actions of vitamin D in tumor cells, the objective was to investigate the influence of obesity and the levels D serum levels of female dogs with malignant breast tumors. For this, dogs were screened, female, without race preference, with and without breast tumor, through blood, cardiogram and ultrasound exams. In the absence of systemic alterations, tutors were interviewed and two experimental groups were established: one group consisting of 12 healthy female dogs (control group) and the group with malignant breast tumor, 11 female dogs according to the animal profile and the results of the Body Condition Score (ECC). Serum levels of vitamin D, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol and triglycerides were evaluated; and body composition on dual energy X-ray absorptiometry equipment. After interview with the tutor, it was found that most of the female dogs with tumor were not castrated, did not practice physical activity and 18.3% had pseudocyesis. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that older female dogs with breast tumor and high body fat percentage presented lower concentrations of 25 (OH) D when compared to the control group. Regarding the histopathological evaluation, 63.7% of the tumors were multicenter, with tubular carcinoma being the ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Gavelis, Paulius. "Civilinė atsakomybė už gyvūnų padarytą žalą". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20140625_205412-43450.
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Civilinė atsakomybė už gyvūnų padarytą žalą Santrauka Teismų praktika rodo, kad tinkamai įvertinti gyvūnų padarytos žalos aplinkybes, jų savininkų (valdytojų) atsakomybės laipsnį yra pakankamai sudėtinga. Darbo tikslas remiantis teisės norminiais aktais, teisės doktrina ir Lietuvos Respublikos teismų praktika išanalizuoti civilinės atsakomybės už gyvūnų padarytą žalą taikymo sąlygas, jų ypatumus. Atskleisti Lietuvos teismų praktikoje išryškėjusias problemas sprendžiant nuostolių atlyginimo klausimus dėl laukinių gyvūnų padarytos žalos bei išnagrinėti civilinės atsakomybės ypatumus dėl naminių gyvūnų padarytos žalos asmens sveikatai bei turtui, taip pat pateikti savo nuomonę aktualiausiais temos klausimais. Siekiant šio tikslo apžvelgiama deliktinės atsakomybės samprata, funkcijos, taikymo sąlygos gyvūnų padarytos žalos kontekste; atskleidžiami civilinės atsakomybės ypatumai laukinių gyvūnų sukeltuose eismo įvykiuose, aptariama civilinė atsakomybė už naminių gyvūnų padarytą žalą asmens sveikatai bei turtui. Civilinė atsakomybė, už gyvūnų padarytą žalą, yra deliktinė atsakomybė. Lietuvos Respublikos civilinio kodekso 6.245 str. 4 d. apibrėžia deliktinę atsakomybę, kaip turtinę prievolę, atsirandančią dėl žalos, kuri nesusijusi su sutartinais santykiais, išskyrus atvejus, kai įstatymai nustato, kad deliktinė atsakomybė atsiranda ir dėl žalos, susijusiais su sutartiniais santykiais. Civilinę atsakomybę, už gyvūnų padarytą žalą, reglamentuoja Lietuvos Respublikos civilinio kodekso... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Civil Liability for Damage Caused by Animals Summary Court practice reveals that proper assessment of circumstances of damage caused by animals as well as evaluation of the level of liability of their owners is quite troublesome. The thesis is devoted to an analysis of legal doctrine, legal acts and jurisprudence on pre-conditions for application of civil liability for damage caused by animals in order to reveal problems that occur in practice. The thesis covers conceptual issues of tort liability, its functions and pre-conditions for its application in the context of damage caused by animals; peculiarities of tort liability for damage caused by wild animals in traffic accidents as well for damage to health and property of persons caused by domestic animals are revealed. Jurisprudence of the Lithuanian courts on damage caused by wild animals Liability for damage caused by animals is tort liability. Paragraph 4 of the article 6.245 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Lithuania defines tort liability as a pecuniary obligation which is not related with contractual relations, except in cases where it is established by laws that delictual liability shall also result from damage related with contractual relations. Civil liability for damage caused by animals is being regulated by Article 6.267 (Chapter XXII, third section) of the Civil Code of the Republic of Lithuania, the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Wild Fauna, the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on the Care, Keeping... [to full text]
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Medeiros, Brenda Batista Lemos 1970. "Bem-estar e desempenho de suínos criados em sistema "wean to finish"". [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256790.
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Orientador: Daniella Jorge de MouraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T04:20:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Medeiros_BrendaBatistaLemos_D.pdf: 3219138 bytes, checksum: 90e0adde72fcabc70a0f4008580b3f7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: O "wean to finish" é um sistema de criação de suínos que ainda é novo no Brasil, e não existem muitos estudos a respeito do tamanho de grupos e área disponível/animal ideal para suínos criados numa mesma instalação, mas acredita-se que serão obtidos bons resultados, principalmente, no que se refere ao bem-estar e o desempenho dos animais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o bem-estar e o desempenho de suínos, criados em sistema "wean to finish", em diferentes números de animais/baia e em diferentes fases de vida dos animais. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: T1= avaliados 22 animais e área disponível de 1,12 m2/animal, T2= 24 animais e área disponível de 1,02 m2/animal, T3= 26 animais e área disponível de 0,94 m2/animal, T4= 28 animais e área disponível de 0,88 m2/animal e T5= 30 animais e área disponível de 0,82 m2/animal. Foram avaliados o ambiente térmico (temperatura, umidade relativa e velocidade do ar) e foi calculado o índice de temperatura e umidade; o ambiente aéreo (gases - NH3 e CO2). Foi utilizada a técnica de geoestatística para monitorar a homogeneidade da distribuição das variáveis térmicas e aéreas da instalação; o ambiente acústico; as variáveis comportamentais; temperatura superficial da pele; os níveis de cortisol salivar, monitoria sanitária (índice de tosse e espirro e escore de consistência de fezes), frequência respiratória, escore de lesão de pele e o desempenho dos animais (peso inicial e final, ganho de peso no período, ganho de peso médio diário e conversão alimentar). O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, Teste de Tukey (P<0,05) para a comparação entre médias, pelo programa estatístico SAEG e para as análises não - paramétricas o Teste de Kruskall - Wallis (P<0,05), utilizado o programa estatístico Minitab 15. Os resultados de temperatura e umidade do ar estavam dentro do preconizado como adequado, conforme cada fase de criação estudada. As concentrações dos gases e a velocidade do ar estavam heterogêneas, devido o tipo de ventilação natural, dificultando o controle na instalação. Isso também foi observado em alguns mapas de geoestatística, sendo que apresentaram particularidades para serem justificados. A distribuição dos níveis de pressão sonora em todos os tratamentos de todas as fases estavam abaixo de 85 dB (A), considerado bom. Na avaliação dos comportamentos dos suínos foi nítida a maior frequência em todos os tratamentos dos comportamentos de fuçar e os animais permanecerem deitados e dormindo na fase 1. Já na fase 4, o comportamento que se destacou foi dos animais ficarem deitados. As temperaturas superficiais da pele e a monitoria fisiológica e sanitária também estavam de acordo com a literatura, levando em consideração os horários avaliados e a fase de criação. Para o desempenho foi observado que os melhores resultados foram obtidos no T5. De modo geral, pode-se concluir que os resultados encontrados tanto da monitoria do bem-estar dos animais como de desempenho se complementam, em todos os tratamentos e nas diferentes fases de criação. Como na maioria dos tratamentos e fases de criação, os animais estavam em bem estar, consequentemente verificaram-se no desempenho dos animais ganhos satisfatórios ou até superiores aos esperados
Abstract: The "wean to finish" system is a new way to raise piglets in Brazil. Studies about ideal group size or ideal stocking density for raising these animals in the same building are rarely seen in the literature. Nothing is known about the size of the piglets group or ideal densities to raise the piglets in relation to their performance and welfare. This study has the objective to evaluate the welfare and performance of piglets raised in system wean to finish in different group and in different raising phases. The treatments consist of different number of animals and space allowance per pig: T1 = 22 animals (1.12 m2/pig), T2= 24 animals (1.02 m2/pig), T3= 26 animals (0.94 m2/pig) T4= 28 animals (0.88 m2/pig) e T5= 30 animals (0.82 m2/pig). The environmental variables of the buildings and outside them were evaluated such as: temperature, relative humidity and air velocity the THI index was calculated. The NH3 and CO2 were collected. The geostatistics technique was used to study the homogeneity of the environmental conditions. The sound pressure of the buildings was also evaluated, such as the behavior of the piglets, the surfaces temperatures, the cortisol salivar levels, the health status of the piglets (index coughing and sneezing and consistency of stool), respiratory frequency, frequency of skin injuries and their performance (initial and final weight, weight gain and feed conversion). The treatments was assigned in a completely randomized experimental design, a Tukey test (P <0.05) was performing for means comparison of each treatment using a statistical software for analysis (SAEG). For non-parametric analysis was used Kruskall - Wallis test (P <0.05) and the analysis was performed in the statistical software Minitab 15. The results of temperature and relative humidity of the air were within the expected data by the literature recommendations, in all phases of the piglets. The air velocity and the gases concentration showed an heterogeneous pattern in standard statistics results and in geostatistics, as expected in natural ventilated buildings. The sound pressure levels in all treatments and studied phases were below the recommended by the literature, 85 dB (A). For pig behavioral analysis, pigs spent more time rooting and lying down during phase 1. Lying down was also more frequent during phase 4. Analyzing the piglets behavior, it was observed that some behaviors showed up in a greater frequency depend on the piglet's age. The skin surface temperature and the health status were within the limits recommended by the literature. The results also showed that the best results were obtained in treatment 5, the group of the higher number of animals. Was concluded that all the treatments had the same welfare status, but the higher number of animals presented the best results of performance
Doutorado
Construções Rurais e Ambiencia
Doutora em Engenharia Agrícola
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Stella, Judith Lynn. "An Investigation of Environmental Factors that Affect the Behavior and Welfare of Domestic Cats (Felis sylvestris catus)". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364486788.
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Tessman, Ronald Kenneth. "Diagnosis, epidemiology and immunologic consequences of copper deficiency in calves". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4470.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006."May 2006" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Uzawa, Kazuhiro. "Domestic Camelids Dispersal to the Northern Highland of Perú during the Formative Period". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113462.
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In this paper, faunal data from two Formative sites, Kuntur Wasi and Pacopampa, are compared. At both sites, the composition ratio of the camelids to deer increased in the late Formative Period. This change of taxonomic composition in the bone sample is interpreted as the subsistence shift from deer hunting to camelid herding. By integrating the faunal data from these sites, it can be suggested that the timing of camelid introduction to the sites corresponds with an overall change of the social framework, which is the shift from a regional society to more widespread network of societies.En este artículo se exponen los resultados de los análisis en muestras de huesos animales de dos sitios del Periodo Formativo, Kuntur Wasi y Pacopampa, ubicados en el norte del Perú. Ambos complejos se localizan fuera de la distribución natural de los camélidos salvajes. Gracias a estos estudios se podrá comprender, de manera más clara, la introducción del camélido domesticado en esta región y su forma de utilización. Existe una correspondencia entre el momento de la introducción del camélido domesticado y los cambios en la estructura social. En esa época se habría dado el paso de una sociedad basada en la subsistencia local a una que establecía una red extendida de intercambio.
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Troisi, Camille A. "An investigation of teaching behaviour in primates and birds". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12008.
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Many animals socially learn, but very few do so through teaching, where an individual modifies its behaviour in order to facilitate learning for another individual. Teaching behaviour is costly, but can confer numerous advantages, such as high fidelity transmission of information or an increase in the rate of social learning. In many putative cases of teaching, it is not known whether the pupil learns from the modified behaviour. This thesis addresses this issue in three cases of potential teaching behaviour. In particular, it investigates whether the role of food transfers in wild golden lion tamarins is to teach which foods are good to eat (Chapter 5). There was little evidence that novel foods were transferred more than familiar foods, and this was not due to the juveniles attempting to obtain novel foods more than familiar ones, or by adults discarding novel foods more than familiar ones. Transfers were however more successful when donors had previously ingested the food type transferred. Successful food transfers also had a positive correlation with foraging choices once juveniles were older, suggesting they learned from food transfers. In golden lion tamarins, this thesis also examined whether juveniles learned from food-offering calls which substrates were good to forage on (Chapter 6). Juveniles that experienced playback of food-offering calls ate more on a novel substrate, than juveniles that did not experience those playbacks, both immediately as the calls were being played, and in the long term, six months after the playbacks. This suggests that juveniles learned from the playbacks. Finally, this thesis attempted to replicate previous findings showing that hens modify their behaviour when chicks feed from seemingly unpalatable food, and explored whether chicks learned what food to eat based on the maternal display (Chapter 7). The experiment failed to find evidence for teaching behaviour, but results were not inconsistent with previous findings. Moreover, there was little evidence that chicks learned from their mother, quite to the contrary, hens seemed to acquire their foraging decisions based on their chicks' choices.
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Raposo, André Santos Silva. "Contributo para o estudo epidemiológico da tuberculose bovina em animais domésticos e silváticos na região de Portalegre". Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3058.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaA tuberculose bovina é uma doença infecciosa que atinge espécies domésticas, silváticas e o Homem, constituindo um problema para as entidades sanitárias veterinárias, devido ao seu potencial zoonótico, ao impacto económico e ao entrave causado à movimentação de animais e produtos. Portugal encontra-se numa fase de pré-erradicação da doença, tendo os esforços com vista a esse objectivo elevados custos para o Estado e para os produtores. Durante o estágio realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo de casos de tuberculose em bovinos entre 2005 e 2009 e fez-se uma pesquisa de lesões desta doença em espécies de caça grossa, ambos na região de Portalegre. Averiguou-se a hipótese de transmissão da doença por animais silváticos em 35 focos de tuberculose bovina, concluindo-se que pode ter havido contactos entre javalis e bovinos domésticos em todos. Os veados, embora tenham uma distribuição mais limitada, coabitam com os bovinos em cerca de 45% das explorações em análise. Também se acompanhou uma montaria, identificando-se lesões macroscópicas compatíveis com tuberculose em 33,3% dos veados e 11,8% dos javalis abatidos, confirmando-se posteriormente em todos os casos a existência de infecção (através de exames histopatológicos e do isolamento de M. bovis). Tendo em conta que os resultados obtidos confirmam a existência de tuberculose em veados e javalis de vida livre e o seu contacto com bovinos domésticos em certas regiões, a transmissão da doença entre as diferentes espécies é uma possibilidade. É necessário esclarecer o papel das espécies silváticas como hospedeiros reservatório ou acidentais de tuberculose, de modo a melhorar a gestão da fauna silvática e dos recursos cinegéticos. Recomenda-se a vigilância sanitária continuada dessas espécies, integrando as boas práticas sanitárias e o acompanhamento médico-veterinário nos procedimentos de inspecção às peças de caça. Devem, ainda, ser implementadas medidas preventivas como a existência de planos de gestão cinegética que contemplem o controlo do tamanho das populações e um maior confinamento dos bovinos em áreas de risco. A tuberculose bovina é um problema emergente no nosso país, devendo as autoridades competentes, os médicos veterinários, os produtores e os caçadores unir esforços na luta para a erradicação da doença, sem esquecer o risco de as espécies silváticas estarem envolvidas na sua transmissão.
ABSTRACT - Contribution to the epidemiological study of bovine tuberculosis in domestic animals and wildlife in Portalegre - Bovine tuberculosis is an infectious disease that affects domestic animals, wildlife and Humans, and it remains a problem for veterinary health authorities due to its zoonotic potential, economic impact and obstacles to animal and products movements. Portugal hasn‟t achieved eradication yet, and the efforts towards that aim have high costs to the country and the farmers. During the traineeship it was performed a retrospective study on tuberculosis in cattle between 2005 and 2009 and also a survey for this infection in big game, both in the Portalegre region. The risk of bovine tuberculosis transmission from wildlife to cattle was studied in 35 outbreaks and in all of them contacts between wild boars and cattle where possible. Although deers have a more limited distribution, they cohabit with cattle in about 45% of the farms considered. A hunting journey was also accompanied, leading to the identification of gross tuberculosis lesions in 33,3% of the red deers and 11,8% of the wild boars killed. M. bovis infection was confirmed through bacteriological exams and histopathology was also positive. These results confirm the existence of tuberculosis in free range red deer and wild boar and its coexistence with cattle in some areas, enabling the transmission of this disease between domestic animals and wildlife. It is essential to clarify the role of wildlife either as spill-over or reservoir hosts for tuberculosis, in order to achieve a better management of wildlife and game resources. It is recommended a surveillance system for big game, integrating good health practices and veterinary supervision during game meat inspection schemes. Preventive measures such as the creation of game management plans to control population size and a higher confinement of cattle in risk areas should also be implemented. Bovine tuberculosis is an emerging problem in Portugal, and the competent authorities, veterinarians, farmers and hunters have to join efforts and continue the struggle to eradicate this disease, keeping in mind the risk of its transmission by wildlife.