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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Legitimacy judgments"
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Bredemeier, Brenda Jo, Maureen R. Weiss, David L. Shields i Bruce A. B. Cooper. "The Relationship between Children’s Legitimacy Judgments and Their Moral Reasoning, Aggression Tendencies, and Sport Involvement". Sociology of Sport Journal 4, nr 1 (marzec 1987): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.4.1.48.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate (a) the relationship between children’s judgments regarding the legitimacy of potentially injurious sport acts for adults and for children, (b) the relationships between children’s legitimacy judgments and their moral reasoning, aggression tendencies, and sport involvement, and (c) the relative ability of the latter three variables to predict legitimacy judgments. Analyses were based on 78 girls and boys in grades 4 through 7 who participated in a moral interview, completed aggression ten dency and sport involvement questionnaires, and evaluated the legitimacy of potentially injurious sport acts depicted in a series of slides. Analyses revealed that children accepted more acts as legitimate for adults than for children. Boys’ legitimacy judgments were significantly related to their moral reasoning, aggression tendencies, and involvement in high-contact sports, but girls’ legitimacy judgments were correlated only with their life aggression tendencies. Children’s aggression tendencies were found to be the best predictors of their legitimacy judgments.
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Jahn, Johannes, Melanie Eichhorn i Rolf Brühl. "How Do Individuals Judge Organizational Legitimacy? Effects of Attributed Motives and Credibility on Organizational Legitimacy". Business & Society 59, nr 3 (6.07.2017): 545–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650317717959.
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This experimental study examines individuals’ legitimacy judgments. We develop a model that demonstrates the role of attributed motives and corporate credibility for the evaluation of organizational legitimacy and test this model with an experimental vignette study. Our results show that when a corporate activity creates benefits for the firm—in addition to social benefits—individuals attribute more extrinsic motives. Extrinsic motives are ascribed when a corporation is perceived as being driven by external rewards as opposed to an altruistic commitment to a social cause. Extrinsic motives negatively affect corporate credibility and organizational legitimacy judgments. This article contributes to a better understanding of the complex process of organizational legitimacy judgment by shedding light on the individual’s perspective and expounding the relationship between attributed motives, corporate credibility, and organizational legitimacy.
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Bredemeier, Brenda Jo. "Moral Reasoning and the Perceived Legitimacy of Intentionally Injurious Sport Acts". Journal of Sport Psychology 7, nr 2 (czerwiec 1985): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsp.7.2.110.
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A structural-developmental approach was employed in the present study to investigate athletes' moral cognitions about intentionally injurious sport acts. Analyses were based on interviews with 40 female and male high school and college basketball players. Subjects reasoned about general life and sport-specific moral dilemmas and made judgments in hypothetical and engaged contexts about the legitimacy of sport behaviors presented in the Continuum of Injurious Acts (CIA). Athletes' moral reasoning levels were inversely related to the number of CIA acts they perceived as legitimate; this reasoning-judgment relationship was particularly strong for sport reasoning and judgments made in the hypothetical context. Also, differences in the perceived legitimacy of CIA acts occurred in hypothetical and engaged contexts and as a function of sex and, in the engaged condition, school level. Results were discussed in light of athletes' coordination of moral reasoning and decision-making about intentionally injurious sport acts.
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Kochel, Tammy Rinehart. "Legitimacy judgments in neighborhood context". Policing: An International Journal 40, nr 3 (21.08.2017): 529–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-05-2016-0066.
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Purpose Policing differs across neighborhoods, but little is known about how context conditions residents’ assessments about police legitimacy. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether procedural justice and police effectiveness differently contribute to legitimacy judgments depending on the security risk inherent in the context. Design/methodology/approach The research applies a series of multi-level regression models using nearly 3,000 surveys of Trinidad and Tobago residents. Findings Police legitimacy and the conditions that promote legitimacy vary across neighborhoods. In “good” neighborhoods, individuals draw on police effectiveness and procedural justice to infer legitimacy, but in at-risk neighborhoods, residents’ views derive from effectiveness. Procedural justice does not play a significant role. Practical implications One implication for police is that the current emphasis on evidence-based policing strategies, especially in high crime neighborhoods, can provide a mechanism to improve the generally negative views about police legitimacy held by those residents. The findings do not imply, however, that police need not be concerned about procedural justice in at-risk neighborhoods. In fact, as police improve their crime prevention prowess, views about how procedurally just their methods are increase in importance. Originality/value Prior research addressing the antecedents of legitimacy has focused on individual demographic and attitudinal predictors. Only two prior studies have begun to investigate whether residents of different contexts may form their views based on different antecedents. This study outlines a theoretical basis for why different bases may be expected and then tests those expectations using rigorous statistical analyses.
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Tost, Leigh Plunkett. "An Integrative Model of Legitimacy Judgments". Academy of Management Review 36, nr 4 (październik 2011): 686–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amr.2010.0227.
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Tost, Leigh Plunkett. "AN INTEGRATIVE MODEL OF LEGITIMACY JUDGMENTS." Academy of Management Review 36, nr 4 (1.10.2011): 686–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amr.2011.65554690.
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Kunc, François. "The Judgment as Revelation". Pólemos 15, nr 1 (1.04.2021): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pol-2021-2003.
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Abstract The judge’s judgment is intended to be the definitive means of quelling controversy – the last word. While judgments have always been open to question by various means, the current social and political environment is especially prone to challenging the judgments of courts. This paper will consider the judgment through the lens of ideas about text, truth and legitimacy to explore the pressure such challenges can place on the capacity of law to hold the line in times of uncertainty.
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Engel, David M. "Judging and Judgment in Contemporary Asia: Editor’s Introduction to this Special Issue". Asian Journal of Law and Society 8, nr 2 (czerwiec 2021): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/als.2020.25.
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AbstractAlthough the figure of the wise judge may be a universal trope, respect is not automatically accorded every person who passes judgment on another. To be perceived as legitimate, judges must occupy an institutional status with the power to decide controverted cases and must have access to specialized or even sacred knowledge and moral authority. Historically, Asian judges could claim legitimacy through their connection to transcendent legal principles, such as dhamma or dao or shari’a. In contemporary Asia, however, conceptions of law and legal legitimacy have become pluralistic, contested, and contradictory. Judges may to some extent retain a connection to the sacred and the transcendent, yet that connection is no longer sufficient in itself to insulate their judgments—or their character—from criticism. How, then, can the “good judge” be distinguished from judges who fall short of the mark? In this Special Issue, five distinguished scholars explore the crisis of legitimation as it affects judging and judgment in Sri Lanka, India, China, Indonesia, and Thailand.
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Siraz, Sonia, Bjorn Paul Claes i Julio O. De Castro. "Legitimate or illegitimate? Insights into validity cues, core values, and legitimacy judgments". Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, nr 1 (sierpień 2018): 16620. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.16620abstract.
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Wang, Yu. "Analysis of the Civil Power of the News by Civil and Anti-Civil Reporting of the ICC: In Case of Brexit as News Story". Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 4, nr 4 (11.12.2022): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2022.4.4.37.
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In the civil sphere, news excises its civil power by making civil and anti-civil judgments. These judgments need media organizations to use specific lexis to emphasize the public sentiment with ICC of identity, legitimacy, and risk. Thus, Brexit as a news story is selected from 12th November to 18th November 2018 from The Mirror, The Guardian, and The Washington Post in this paper. In terms of ICC of identity determination, journalists prefer to use a combination of pros and cons to reflect the impact of the Brexit event on the public. Concerning ICC of legitimacy, journalists mostly focus on the border problem of Northern Ireland by using anti-civil judgments. For the part of the ICC risk, the government gives some specific measures to overcome potential risks which belong to civil judgment. The rest reports just list what risks would happen and what influence people and the state will face but do not give positive and effective measures, so these reports belong to anti-civil judgment. In short, the analysis reveals that the news media prefer using anti-civil judgement over civil judgement by using compound language with multiple positive and negative perspectives to achieve this purpose of reporting.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Legitimacy judgments"
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Hagemeier, Nicholas E., Arsham Alamian, Matthew M. Murawski, Heather Flippin, Elizabeth J. Hagy i Robert P. Pack. "Correlates of Prescription Opioid Legitimacy Judgments Among Community Pharmacists". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1321.
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Background: Community pharmacists are legally required to evaluate and confirm the legitimacy of prescription opioids (POs) prior to dispensing. Yet, previous research has indicated community pharmacists perceive nearly 50% of dispensed POs to be issued lacking a legitimate medical purpose. Objective: To analyze correlates of PO legitimacy judgments across pharmacist and pharmacy setting characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 2000 Tennessee pharmacists was conducted during October and November of 2012. Community pharmacists' self-reported attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors specific to PO legitimacy were elicited. Step-wise multinomial logistic regression techniques were used to model correlates of PO legitimacy across low, moderate and high PO legitimacy estimations. Results: Being female, practicing in a chain or independent practice setting, fear of employer disciplinary action if PO legitimacy is questioned, and self-confidence in one's ability to detect PO abuse increased the odds of low (vs. high) PO legitimacy estimation (p < 0.05). Employment in chain and independent pharmacies, having POs as a greater percent of total prescriptions filled, and having the perception of PO abuse as a problem in the practice setting were significant positive correlates of moderate (vs high) PO legitimacy estimation (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Both modifiable and non-modifiable correlates were statistically significantly associated with PO legitimacy judgments. Distinct correlates were noted across low and moderate as compared to high estimations of PO legitimacy. Legitimacy judgments can inform theoretical exploration of PO dispensing behaviors and inform intervention development targeted at reducing and preventing prescription drug abuse.
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Huynh, Chang-Wa. "A Moralized View of Corporate Purpose : the Mediating Role of Legitimacy Judgments". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023EHEC0003.
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Les entreprises qui poursuivent une raison d’être réintroduisent de la morale au niveau le plus fondamental des organisations et proposent de nouvelles relations entre entreprises, sociétés et environnement. Cette thèse investigue les conséquences de la dimension morale de la raison d’être des entreprises. La dimension morale de la raison d’être influence les jugements de légitimité que ses membres portent sur leur entreprise. Par le mécanisme des jugements de légitimité, la dimension morale de la raison d’être d’une entreprise détermine sa performance organisationnellePurpose-driven companies propose to reintroduce morality at the most foundational level of organizations and suggest new articulation between businesses, societies and the environment. This dissertation examines the consequences of the moral dimension that a corporate purpose induces. I highlight that the moral dimension of a corporate purpose shapes firm members’ legitimacy judgments on the purpose-driven company. In turn, firm members’ legitimacy judgments impact firm performance
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Hämberg, Eva. "Tillsyn i teori och praktik : om statlig styrning och kontroll av socialtjänstens individ- och familjeomsorg". Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-57154.
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The aim of this thesis is to deepen the understanding about the function of control in the inspection process and to increase the knowledge about the legitimacy and impact from inspection on different types of social and welfare services. In the thesis the form and legitimacy of the inspection process are studied in two types of social services in Sweden: a less complex service where the task to investigate and make decisions about social care dominates (IAD), and a more complex service where the task to provide treatment interventions dominates (TI). The data consists of policy documents, inspection reports, casefile documentation, and interviews with inspectors, politicians, managers and social workers. The inspection process is discussed in relation to theories about control systems and legitimacy processes. Inspection is a policy instrument whose standards are derived from legislations and where those subject to the inspection are obliged to meet the demands made by the inspectorates. This form of disciplinary control has been questioned given that its complexity makes it hard to regulate the practice of social work through detailed rules. By including a less disciplinary form of control the instrument’s ability to impact on more complex aspects of social services are expected to increase. The results show a difference in how the inspection process is set up in the two types of services. In the IAD services the process takes the form of a disciplinary control system, whereas the process in TI services initially takes the form of a non-disciplinary system. In spite of the differences observed in the initial stages of the process, the results show that the judgments of inspectors in both types of services are almost exclusively based on information about concrete and detailed aspects. This entails that the judgements of inspectors in both types of services mostly take the form of statements on simple observable and concrete conditions, whereas judgments about more complex aspects are rarely made. The study also shows that although the propriety and relevance of the inspectors’ judgements are questioned more in TI organisations inspections seem to have greater validity and impact on TI than on IAD organisations. The results of the thesis point to two explanations. One explanation is that the costs of dealing with the problems underlying the identified deficiencies are lower for TI than IAD organisations. This in turn leads to greater acceptance of carrying out the proposed measures in TI than in IAD organisations. Another possible explanation is that the potential sanctions are greater for TI than IAD organisations.
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Conte, Francesco. "Sobre a motivação da sentença no processo civil: Estado constitucional democrático de direito, discurso justificativo e legitimação do exercício da jurisdição". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7471.
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O presente trabalho, plasmado em metodologia jurídica, reflete criticamente sobre o problema da motivação da sentença civil como elemento de organização e de funcionamento do Estado Constitucional Democrático de Direito. A motivação é condição essencial de jurisdicionalidade, no sentido de que sem motivação não há exercício legítimo da função jurisdicional. O trabalho faz uma abordagem da natureza da motivação como discurso justificativo, jurídico e racional, da validade dos critérios de escolha ou de valoração empregados pelo juiz em sua decisão. O raciocínio do juiz é apresentado sob dupla feição: raciocínio decisório interno (contexto de descoberta ou deliberação) e raciocínio justificativo externo (contexto de justificação ou de validação). O conjunto das funções técnico-instrumental (endoprocessual) e político-garantística (extraprocessual) é objeto de investigação. A motivação, nos planos teórico e prático, exerce também a função de garantia do garantismo processual. A tese da inexistência jurídica da sentença tem três eixos teóricos: omissão total da motivação gráfica; falta de motivação ideológica, equiparada à hipótese de ausência de motivação gráfica; incompatibilidade lógica radical entre as premissas ou entre as premissas e a conclusão final, que também equivale à ausência total de motivação. O trabalho retrata um modelo de injustiça atemporal vivificado pelo juiz Crono, oposto à motivação como inestimável fator de legitimação argumentativa da jurisdição. A obrigatoriedade de motivação pública é o traço característico da jurisdição de nossa contemporaneidade e representa a maior conquista civilizatória do processo équo e justo.This work, shaped in juridical methodology, critically reflects on the problem of motivation of civil judgment as an element of organization and functioning of the Democratic Constitutional State of Law. Motivation is an essential condition of jurisdiction, in the sense that without motivation there is no legitimate exercise of the jurisdictional function. The work makes an approach to the nature of motivation as a justificative discourse, juridical and rational, of the validity of choice or valuation criteria employed by the judge in its decision. The reasoning of the judge ispresented in double feature: internal decision-making reasoning (context of discovery or deliberation) and external justificative reasoning (context of justification or validation). The set of the technical-instrumental function (endoprocedural) and the political-rights assurance function (extraprocedural) is object of investigation. Motivation, in the theoretical and practical levels, also exerts the function of guarantee of the procedural right assuring mechanism. The thesis of the juridical validity of the judgment has three theoretical axes: total omission of the graphical motivation; lack of ideological motivation, equated to the hypothesis of nonexistence of the graphical motivation; radical logical incompatibility between the premises or between premises and the finalconclusion, which is also equivalent to the total lack of motivation. The work depicts a model of timeless injustice vivified by the judge Crono, opposite to the motivation as an invaluable factor of argumentative legitimacy of jurisdiction. Mandatory public motivation is the characteristic feature of the jurisdiction of our times and represents the greatest civilizing conquest of equal and fair proceeding.
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Madeira, Daniela Pereira. "O papel da jurisprudência no Processo Civil contemporâneo". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9056.
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A utilização correta da jurisprudência conduzirá a sociedade brasileira a uma maior estabilidade jurisprudencial, com respeito ao princípio da isonomia, não somente diante da norma legislada como também perante a norma judicada.
Deve-se afastar a discrepância de decisões judiciais relativas ao mesmo tema, que tratam desigualmente os iguais, evitando assim o longo percurso das vias recursais para se obter um julgamento isonômico em situações idênticas. O princípio da isonomia visa garantir que todos recebam tratamento igualitário da lei e, de outro lado, oferece a certeza de que todos os juízes devem decidir de modo análogo quando se depararem diante de situações semelhantes.
A jurisprudência, uma vez que traduz a interpretação da norma, deve ser estável e previsível, com o fito de pautar as condutas dos jurisdicionados em virtude de se conhecer o entendimento da Corte máxima a respeito de uma determinada matéria. Um direito instável e imprevisível não gera a segurança jurídica, nem a pacificação social que razoavelmente se espera.
A aplicação da jurisprudência no tempo, através da modulação, ganha novos contornos em virtude de sua previsão legal no projeto do Código de Processo Civil. A mudança de entendimento sedimentado observará a necessidade de fundamentação adequada e específica, considerando o imperativo de estabilidade das relações jurídicas (art. 847, 1 do projeto concluído no Senado Federal). Privilegia-se, além do princípio da segurança jurídica, o princípio da confiança que deve ter como uma das suas consequências que a expectativa legítima do jurisdicionado seja respeitada mediante a aplicação da jurisprudência dominante antiga e mais benéfica para o jurisdicionado.
Neste contexto, em se pensando em uma reforma processual efetiva, deve-se ter como objetivo a ser seguido, além da celeridade processual e eficiência dos atos jurisdicionais, a uniformização da jurisprudência, eis que a necessidade de formação de uma só pauta de conduta para o jurisdicionado deve ser o objetivo almejado. E este objetivo só será alcançado quando houver uma uniformização e aplicação da jurisprudência dominante.
Os instrumentos processuais inseridos no Código de Processo Civil devem ser reavaliados e novos elaborados, já que até agora serviram para dirimir conflitos intersubjetivos e não mais respondem satisfatoriamente às novas situações, que são as necessidades e valores de uma sociedade globalizada, massificada.The correct use of case law will lead Brazilian society to a greater judicial stability that complies with the principle of equality, not only before legal rules as well as before judicial norms.It should be avoided the discrepancy of judgments related to the same matter, which unequally treat the ones in the same circumstances, thus avoiding the long judicial journey in order to obtain a uniform judgment for similar situations. The principle of equality aims to ensure that everyone receives equal law treatment and on the other hand, assures that all judges should decide in the same way when they come across similar situations. The jurisprudence as it reflects the interpretation of the rule, should be stable and predictable, in order to guide the conduct of citizens as it states the highest Court understanding on a particular matter. An unstable and unpredictable rule does not create lawl certainty nor the social peace that one can reasonably expect. The application of case law in time, by means of its modulation, earns new contours due its legal provision in the Civil Procedure Code Project. The change of a settled understanding claims for an adequate and specific reasoning, considering the need for stability of legal relations (art. 847, 1 of the completed project in the Senate). This increases the value of the legal certainty principle and of legitimate expectations principle that should have as one of their consequences that the legitimate expectation of the claimer is respected by applying him the old and more beneficial ruling jurisprudence. In this context, the aim for an effective procedural reform should be pursued, besides the procedural celerity and the efficiency of judicial acts, and also the standardization of jurisprudence. An unique agenda of conduct for the claimants should be desired as a goal. And this can only be achieved when there is a standardization and application of prevailing jurisprudence.
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Magalhaes, Olinda Rosa Reis da Silva Moreira de. "O dever de executar e as causas legítimas de inexecução das sentenças de anulação de atos administrativos na concretização de uma tutela jurisdicional efetiva. Um olhar sobre a jurisprudência dos Tribunais Administrativos". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/84205.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito apresentada à Faculdade de DireitoThis dissertation seeks to analyze the process of execution of judgement for annulment of administrative acts established on Title XVII of the CPTA, as well as the application of this process by the Portuguese administrative courts, in order to know how is reintegrated the right of individuals to an effective judicial protection in the cases where courts are called upon to decide about the verification of a legitimate cause of nonperformance. In this context, we will systematize the distinctive traits of the execution of judgement for annulment of administrative acts.Initially, in Part I of the dissertation, we will give particular treatment to the densification of the duty to perform, as set out in Article 173(2), with the objective to understand all its dimensions. In this way, we will start from the apprehension of the effects and duties that derive to the Administration, or public entity, from the annulment sentences of administrative acts, in order to assess, through the analysis and systematization of concrete cases jurisprudentially treated, how the administrative courts are perceiving the duty to perform. In this context, the repristination effect of the annulment sentence detail and the duty to reconstitute the current hypothetical situation, especially in the specific areas of public contracting, public employment and urban management acts, will not be forgotten. We will also reflect on the annulment effects on the consequent acts of the annulled act and on the substantive positions of interested persons and, finally, on the content and limits of the power of legal definition (re) exercise. Part II of the dissertation will focus on the eminently declarative and plenary nature of the process of execution of annulatory judgements, as well as their specialty, in comparison with the other enforcement procedures provided for in Title VII of the CPTA, due to the absence of a true enforceable title. Starting from concrete cases jurisprudentially treated, we will dedicate special focus to the concepts of absolute impossibility and exceptional prejudice for the public interest understanding, foreseen in the articles 163(1) and 175(2) of the CPTA, and there qualified as legitimate cause of nonperformance of the annulatory judgments. Once more, the analysis will focus in the specific areas of public contracting, public employment and urban management acts. Finally, an analysis will be made of the system established by the CPTA for cases in which the court - or the parties in case of an agreement – deems verified a legitimate cause of an annulatory judgement nonperformance. In this last chapter of the dissertation, the individual's indemnifying right will be densified from the scope of the compensation due to him, according to article 178 of the CPTA, and the systematization of the criteria that have been followed by the jurisprudence for the compensation calculation. It is intended, in the end, to give substance to the object of the study, determining the (in) sufficiency of the secondary protection as effective judicial protection.
A presente dissertação visa analisar o processo de execução de sentenças anulatórias de atos administrativos previsto no Título XVII do CPTA, bem como a aplicação que ao mesmo vem sendo dada pela jurisprudência dos tribunais administrativos, de molde a apurar como é reintegrado o direito dos particulares a uma tutela jurisdicional efetiva nos casos em que os tribunais são chamados a decidir da verificação de uma causa legítima de inexecução. Nesse âmbito, sistematizar-se-ão os traços distintivos da execução das sentenças anulatórias de atos administrativos. Inicialmente, na I Parte da dissertação, dar-se-á especial tratamento à densificação do dever de executar consagrado no art. 173.º, na perspetiva de o compreender em todas as suas dimensões. Desse modo, partir-se-á da compreensão dos efeitos e deveres que decorrem para a Administração, ou entidade pública, das sentenças anulatórias de atos administrativos para, de seguida, se pretender aferir, através da análise e sistematização de casos concretos tratados jurisprudencialmente, como têm vindo os tribunais administrativos a preencher o dever de executar. Neste âmbito, não se esquecerá o detalhe do conteúdo do efeito repristinatório da sentença de anulação e do dever de reconstituir a situação atual hipotética, principalmente nos domínios específicos da contratação pública, do funcionalismo público e dos atos de gestão urbanística. Refletiremos, também, acerca dos efeitos da anulação sobre os atos consequentes do ato anulado e sobre as posições substantivas de terceiros e, ainda, por fim, quanto ao conteúdo e limites do (re)exercício do poder de definição jurídica. Na II Parte da dissertação atentar-se-á na natureza eminentemente declarativa e plena do processo de execução de sentenças anulatórias de atos administrativos, bem como na especialidade do mesmo, em comparação com os demais processos de execução previstos no Título VII do CPTA, em virtude da ausência de um verdadeiro título executivo. Partindo de casos concretos tratados jurisprudencialmente, merecerá especial enfoque a compreensão dos conceitos de impossibilidade absoluta e excecional prejuízo para o interesse público previstos nos arts. 163.º, n.º1, e 175.º, n.º 2 do CPTA e, nos mesmos, qualificados como causa legítima de inexecução das sentenças anulatórias. Mais uma vez, a análise será detalhada nos domínios específicos da contratação pública, do funcionalismo público e dos atos de gestão urbanística. Por fim, proceder-se-á à análise do regime instituído pelo CPTA para os casos em que se conclua pela verificação de uma causa legítima de inexecução de sentença anulatória. Neste último capítulo da dissertação, será densificado o direito indemnizatório do particular a partir do âmbito da indemnização que lhe é devida, nos termos do art. 178.º do CPTA, e da sistematização dos critérios que vêm sendo seguidos pela jurisprudência para o apuramento da mesma. Visa-se, a final, dar corpo ao objeto do estudo, determinando da (in)suficiência da tutela secundária enquanto tutela jurisdicional efetiva.
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Dent, Kate Jean. "Minority rights and majority politics : a critical appraisal". Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21147.
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In the interplay between protection of rights and majoritarianism, the court is the arena. This research focuses on the conflicting role of the court within a constitutional democracy and a contestation of the counter-majoritarian dilemma that emerges from such a role. The counter-majoritarian dilemma centres on the idea that judges overturning decisions of the legislature through judicial review undermines democracy by thwarting the will of the majority through a subjective reading of abstract constitutional principles.
As a point of departure, the counter-majoritarian dilemma is contested by revealing that the court can be seen as a democratically consistent institution if democracy can be reconceptualised.
The examination of the South African jurisprudential climate and the adjudicative guidelines followed by the court suggests a rejection of such anti-democratic contention. The court upholds the commitments consented to at the time of the Constitution’s adoption and adjudication is reflective of the values undertaken by the country in reaction to its past. Within these values, minority rights can find a lifeline. Thus minority rights can exist through the implications of majoritarian consent. This research further identifies, in response to the counter-majoritarian dilemma, a constraining self-consciousness on the part of the court and an acute awareness of the court’s precarious role within a democratic infancy. The core of the counter-majoritarian dilemma is the view that interpretative indeterminacy of the Constitution means that the will of the people could be substituted for judicial preference. Through the examination of the court’s interpretative strategies and judicial subjectivity, this research suggests that within judicial subjectivity, adjudication continues to be reflective of the will of the people. Far from a constraining and mechanistic interpretation to avoid judicial subjectivity, the research reveals that open and non-formalist interpretative strategies are necessary to effectuate democratic conciliation within the judicial mandate. The results of this research suggest that, far from being a democratically deviant institution, the court in the current South African jurisprudential context, is the most suited to uphold the concept of democracy.Jurisprudence
LL. M.
Książki na temat "Legitimacy judgments"
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Huls, Nicolaas Jacob Herman, 1949-, Adams Maurice 1964- i Bomhoff J, red. The legitimacy of highest courts' rulings: Judicial deliberations and beyond. The Hague, The Netherlands: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009.
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Huls, Nicolaas Jacob Herman, 1949-, Adams Maurice 1964- i Bomhoff J, red. The legitimacy of highest courts' rulings: Judicial deliberations and beyond. The Hague, The Netherlands: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009.
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L, Brooks Roy. Diversity Judgments: Democratizing Judicial Legitimacy. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2021.
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L, Brooks Roy. Diversity Judgments: Democratizing Judicial Legitimacy. Cambridge University Press, 2021.
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L, Brooks Roy. Diversity Judgments: Democratizing Judicial Legitimacy. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2021.
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The relationship between moral reasoning maturity and legitimacy judgments about gender stratification in a youth sport context. 1993.
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Gibson, James L., i Michael J. Nelson. Change in the Legitimacy of the U.S. Supreme Court. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865214.003.0006.
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Positivity Theory suggests that increased exposure to the symbols of judicial authority stimulates positive associations within individuals that help courts build and maintain their legitimacy. Indeed, recent research suggests that exposure to the symbols of judicial authority negates the linkage between decisional disappointment and changes in judgments of institutional legitimacy. However, this research has been conducted on predominantly white samples and fails to account for the possibility that individuals’ group attachments and experiences with legal authorities might affect the extent to which they update their diffuse support for a court in response to a displeasing decision. We therefore examine changes in legitimacy, relying on a nationally-representative survey experiment. The results indicate that respondents are particularly likely to withdraw support from the Court under the condition of seeing the symbols of judicial authority if they have negative personal experiences with the police, and if they are both particularly disappointed in the decision and do not have any strong group attachments.
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Saito, Yuriko. Challenges and Responses to Everyday Aesthetics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199672103.003.0002.
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Everyday aesthetics is often criticized for lacking aesthetic credentials. Its legitimacy as a discourse is questioned because proximal senses, experiences gained while engaging in an activity, and qualities other than beauty and sublimity are included in its purview. Inclusion of these items is considered to deny a clear ‘object’ of aesthetic appreciation, the possibility of objective judgments, and profundity of aesthetic experience. Excluding them, however, does not do justice to the rich and multifaceted contents of everyday aesthetic life. Phenomenological description, instead of the judgment-oriented and objectivity-seeking discourse, is more appropriate for exploring some dimensions of everyday aesthetic life. In addition, while possibly lacking the same degree of profundity and intensity of beauty and sublimity, the popular appeal of easily recognizable aesthetic qualities deserves to be investigated because of their prevalence and frequent manipulation for commercial and political purposes.
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Follesdal, Andreas, i Geir Ulfstein, red. The Judicialization of International Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816423.001.0001.
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International relations are increasingly judicialized by the increasing number of international courts and tribunals. On the one hand this judicialization of international law is hailed as a glimmer of more effective and legitimate world governance promoting human rights, justice, and peace. On the other hand critics highlight how sovereignty is increasingly constrained by international courts, and question the effectiveness, legitimacy, and future potential of these courts and tribunals. This book maps and assesses this development and the mixed reactions thereto, presenting the aspirations which international courts and tribunals (ICs) are living up to, and where they fall short. The first Part provides a general frame for these legitimacy concerns. It discusses the general functions of ICs; how they are governed; and possible alternatives to ICs. The second Part considers how the ICs appear to present their judgments in ways that legitimize them vis-à-vis states and other stakeholders; their inner workings; as well as their law-making role. The following Parts consider the various forms of backlash several of the ICs experience, and how the ICs, states, and civil society seek to respond to these challenges. The last Part deals with the fragmentary character of the international judiciary. An epilogue looks to the future of international judicialization.
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Luban, David. Knowing When Not to Fight. Redaktorzy Seth Lazar i Helen Frowe. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199943418.013.20.
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Should military personnel (‘soldiers’) become selective conscientious objectors to an unjust war? This chapter argues, first, that in most cases the fog of war and politics makes it unreasonable to expect soldiers to make fact-intensive judgments about whether the war is just. Second, it argues that even a just-war tribunal, of the sort proposed by Jeff McMahan, will not do the job. It will inevitably lack the legitimacy and fact-finding capacity necessary to reassure soldiers in such a weighty decision. Third, the moral importance of maintaining civilian control of the military means that soldiers should generally obey orders to deploy. Fourth, however, absolute deference to leaders and commanders is morally unacceptable. The chapter defends an intermediate view advanced centuries ago by Cajetan, Suárez, and Vitoria: soldiers must not fight in an unjust war, but may defer to civilian leaders’ judgment of just cause unless the injustice is manifest.
Części książek na temat "Legitimacy judgments"
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Schulz, Deike. "Legitimacy Theory II: Legitimacy Judgments". W Encyclopedia of Sustainable Management, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02006-4_963-1.
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Barkhuysen, Tom, i Michiel van Emmerik. "Legitimacy of European Court of Human Rights Judgments: Procedural Aspects". W The Legitimacy of Highest Courts’ Rulings, 437–49. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-519-3_27.
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Pinna, Andrea. "Filtering Applications, Number of Judgments Delivered and Judicial Discourse by Supreme Courts: Some Thoughts Based on the French Example". W The Legitimacy of Highest Courts’ Rulings, 175–87. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-519-3_10.
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Marschlich, Sarah. "Introduction". W Corporate Diplomacy: How Multinational Corporations Gain Organizational Legitimacy, 1–12. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36818-0_1.
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AbstractThis thesis explores the role of corporate diplomacy in the legitimation of multinational corporations (MNCs). By combining a sociological neo-institutional approach with public relations and news framing theory, this research examines how corporate diplomacy in a company’s host country, in this case, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), is performed, how news media in the host country frame corporate diplomacy, and how corporate diplomacy news affect organizational legitimacy. A mixed-method research design was applied to explore corporate diplomacy and its link to organizational legitimacy. The findings show that the corporations use different corporate diplomacy modes to gain legitimacy. Moreover, results imply that organizational legitimacy judgments, shaped by the news media, mainly depend on the demonstrated linkages of the corporation with the UAE government and the outlined benefits of corporate diplomacy for the local community. The results suggest that foreign corporations adapt to the host country’s cultural and political system to gain organizational legitimacy. This research has significant implications for theory and practice by offering profound insights into the role of corporate diplomacy in organizational legitimation from the organizational, media, and audience perspectives.
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Mevis, Paul. "The Perspective of the Annotator: Some Observations About the Organisation and Format of the Judgments and Decisions of the Criminal Division of the Supreme Court of the Netherlands, and the Role of the Annotator". W The Legitimacy of Highest Courts’ Rulings, 235–49. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-519-3_15.
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Weiler, Joseph H. H. "Not on Bread Alone Doth Man Liveth (Deut. 8:3; Mat 4:4): Some Iconoclastic Views on Populism, Democracy, the Rule of Law and the Polish Circumstance". W Defending Checks and Balances in EU Member States, 3–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62317-6_1.
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AbstractPolarization in today’s politics, pre- and post COVID, transcends nations, states regions and continents. It’s a feature of politics which, in and on itself, when played to extremes by demonizing one’s opponents, it threatens democracy itself—since it frays the demos some cohesion of which is necessary for the legitimacy of majoritarianism, one of the pillars of national democracies. Its lexical manifestation is to be found with expressions such as ‘traitors’ or ‘not real’ Americans, Italians, Israelis—take your pick and fill in the gap.It has, lamentably in my view, a spillover effect also into the academic world of scholarship. A word of criticism of, say, the European Court of Justice instantly brands you a ‘Eurosceptic’ and one of ‘them’. To speak of Universal Values, casts you as an enemy of this or that national cause. This is not to say, not at all, that one cannot bring to one’s scholarship a fully engaged normative and ethical commitment, especially in the field of law which has, or should have, at its roots a commitment to justice. But it militates against careful listening, complex reasoning and understanding and more fine grained normative judgments. Justice is oftentimes not black and white.It is particularly so when it comes to dealing with the phenomenon of Populism which has moved from the fringe to the center of politics. Trying to understand Populism is not akin to justifying it.
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Tomuschat, Christian. "The Illusion of Perfect Justice". W Remedies against Immunity?, 55–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62304-6_3.
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AbstractThe judgment of the Italian Constitutional Court (ItCC) of 22 October 2014 has set a bad precedent for international law by denying the implementation, within Italy, of the judgment of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) of 3 February 2012. The ICJ found that Italian courts and tribunals had violated German jurisdictional immunity by entertaining suits brought by Italian citizens against Germany on account of damages caused by war crimes committed during World War II by German occupation forces. According to a well-consolidated rule of general international law, no state may be sued before the courts of another state with regard to acts performed in the exercise of its sovereign power. In contravention of Article 94 of the UN Charter, the ItCC deemed it legitimate to discard that ruling because of the particularly grave character of many of the violations in question. It proceeded from the assumption that the right to a remedy established under the Italian Constitution was absolute and must apply even where the financial settlement of the consequences of armed conflict is at issue. However, it has failed to show the existence of any individual reparation claims and has omitted to assess the issue of war reparations owed by Germany in their broader complexity. The judgment of the ItCC might be used in the future as a pretext to ignore decisions of the World Court.
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Chen, Shijiao, John Knight, Hongzhi Gao i Damien Mather. "Toward an Institutional Perspective of Attribution, Legitimacy Judgment, and Trust Erosion During an Industry-Wide Crisis: An Abstract". W Marketing Transformation: Marketing Practice in an Ever Changing World, 289–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68750-6_89.
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Elfring, Tom, Kim Klyver i Elco van Burg. "Legitimizing through entrepreneurial networking". W Entrepreneurship as Networking, 119–38. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190076887.003.0006.
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This chapter presents an entrepreneurship-as-networking perspective on new venture legitimacy. New ventures are more likely to survive and perform when various audiences and stakeholders perceive their activities as legitimate. This is especially true when new ventures are pursuing something novel and innovative. Therefore, it is crucial for new ventures to gain legitimacy. In this chapter, viewing legitimacy predominantly as a process and concurrently distinguishing processes related to types of legitimacy, the authors theorize how entrepreneurs incorporate various audiences and their judgments into their active networking, thus shaping the legitimacy process. The interactions between various audiences and the entrepreneur take form through different legitimacy strategies—that is, identity-seeking strategies, associative strategies, and networking strategies—resulting in legitimacy judgments by audiences. Under conditions of high uncertainty, the legitimacy judgment as the outcome of the social interactions is co-created by audiences and entrepreneurs and is diffused outside local networks to the broader society through distributed brokerage.
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Follesdal, Andreas. "Legitimacy Criticisms of International Courts". W Legitimacy, 223–38. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825265.003.0012.
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This chapter concludes the book as a whole and attempts to bring some order to debates about the legitimacy of international courts. It draws on Raz’s conception of authority and on cosmopolitan theory. It argues that this approach can reduce apparent confusion about the legitimacy of international courts by explaining the significance of considerations such as states’ consent, states’ compliance, and the legality of courts’ decisions. International courts not only adjudicate disputes, but also engage in the interpretation and specification of laws, and—some would argue—even law-making. Thus, the issue is not only the judicial legitimacy of these courts, but also their legitimate role in specifying treaties and shaping other actors’ expectations of others’ future actions more broadly. Raz’s service conception helps to explain why several legitimacy conceptions matter for normative legitimacy, including legality, the (limited) significance of state consent, and why actual compliance often matters if international courts are to provide impartial yet responsive judgments and specifications whilst accountable and responsive.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Legitimacy judgments"
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Pellicciari, Igor. "VIDOVDAN CONSTITUTION AS A KEY STUDY FOR UNDERSTANDING THE EUROPEAN CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT". W 100 GODINA OD VIDOVDANSKOG USTAVA. Faculty of law, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/zbvu21.017p.
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How scientifically legitimate is the research of the history of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes? Does it make sense to deal with it today more than before? According to Weber-inspired methodology, the legitimacy of the research topic is based on the subjective (value judgment of the researcher) and the objective element (depending on the actuality of the topic and the selected professional structure). From this point of view, it seems that the answer to the initial question about legitimacy of the study on the Kingdom of SCS is confirmed. The choice of the topic of the paper is the result of personal interest and almost biographical affiliation of the author to the history and scenario of the "South Slavs"; But, on the other hand, actuality of topics can be objectively justified by the obvious interests of the scientific and professional public for the rediscovered Eastern Europe and - especially - for The Balkans, as one of its crucial geopolitical hubs.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Legitimacy judgments"
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Lewis, Dustin, red. Database of States’ Statements (August 2011–October 2016) concerning Use of Force in relation to Syria. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, maj 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/ekmb4241.
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Many see armed conflict in Syria as a flashpoint for international law. The situation raises numerous unsettling questions, not least concerning normative foundations of the contemporary collective-security and human-security systems, including the following: Amid recurring reports of attacks directed against civilian populations and hospitals with seeming impunity, what loss of legitimacy might law suffer? May—and should—states forcibly intervene to prevent (more) chemical-weapons attacks? If the government of Syria is considered unwilling or unable to obviate terrorist threats from spilling over its borders into other countries, may another state forcibly intervene to protect itself (and others), even without Syria’s consent and without an express authorization of the U.N. Security Council? What began in Daraa in 2011 as protests escalated into armed conflict. Today, armed conflict in Syria implicates a multitude of people, organizations, states, and entities. Some are obvious, such as the civilian population, the government, and organized armed groups (including designated terrorist organizations, for example the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS). Other implicated actors might be less obvious. They include dozens of third states that have intervened or otherwise acted in relation to armed conflict in Syria; numerous intergovernmental bodies; diverse domestic, foreign, and international courts; and seemingly innumerable NGOs. Over time, different states have adopted wide-ranging and diverse approaches to undertaking measures (or not) concerning armed conflict in Syria, whether in relation to the government, one or more armed opposition groups, or the civilian population. Especially since mid-2014, a growing number of states have undertaken military operations directed against ISIS in Syria. For at least a year-and-a-half, Russia has bolstered military strategies of the Syrian government. At least one state (the United States) has directed an operation against a Syrian military base. And, more broadly, many states provide (other) forms of support or assistance to the government of Syria, to armed opposition groups, or to the civilian population. Against that backdrop, the Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict (HLS PILAC) set out to collect states’ statements made from August 2011 through November 2016 concerning use of force in relation to Syria. A primary aim of the database is to provide a comparatively broad set of reliable resources regarding states’ perspectives, with a focus on legal parameters. A premise underlying the database is that through careful documentation of diverse approaches, we can better understand those perspectives. The intended audience of the database is legal practitioners. The database is composed of statements made on behalf of states and/or by state officials. For the most part, the database focuses on statements regarding legal parameters concerning use of force in relation to Syria. HLS PILAC does not pass judgment on whether each statement is necessarily legally salient for purposes of international law. Nor does HLS PILAC seek to determine whether a particular statement may be understood as an expression of opinio juris or an act of state practice (though it might be).