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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Legislation – australia"
1
Lim, Ly Ly. "A Multicultural Act for Australia". Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 10, nr 2 (27.07.2018): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v10i2.5981.
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Multiculturalism as a public policy framework depends on states identifying cultural differences among their citizens as salient for resource allocation, political participation and human rights. The adoption of multiculturalism as a term and a framework signifies the recognition of a politics of difference within a liberal democratic framework of identities and aspirations. Yet the national government in Australia unlike any other country with espoused policies of multiculturalism has chosen to have neither human rights nor multicultural, legislation. This paper argues that multicultural societies require either or both sets of legislation to ensure both symbolic affirmation and practical implementation. Taking inspirations from international, Australian State and Territory based multicultural and diversity legislations, and modelling on the Australian Workplace Gender Equality Act of 2012, this paper explores what should be included in a national multicultural legislation and how it could pragmatically operationalise in Australia to express multiculturalism’s emancipatory agenda.
2
Blay, Sam, i Julia Green. "The practicalities of domestic legislation to prohibit mining activity in Antarctica: a comment on the Australian perspective". Polar Record 30, nr 172 (styczeń 1994): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400021008.
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AbstractAfter its rejection of the Minerals Convention adopted by the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties (ATCPs) in 1988, Australia took a major step in its domestic law by enacting the Antarctic Mining Prohibition Act of 1991 (AMPA), to reinforce its general objection to mineral resource activities in Antarctica and its commitment to the protection ofthe Antarctic environment. With the adoption of the Protocol on Environmental Protectionto the Antarctic Treaty (the Madrid Protocol) – which required the parties to take steps to implement its provisions, including the enactment of domestic legislation – Australia enacted the Antarctic Treaty (Environmental Protection) Act (ATEPA). The ATEPA is meant to replace the AMPA once the Madrid Protocol comes into force. The Protocol bans mineral resource activities in Antarctica and adopts a comprehensive regime toregulate all human activity in Antarctica in an effort to protect the region's environment. As legislation to implement the Protocol, the principal objectives of the ATEPAare to prohibit mineral resource activities in the Australian Antarctic Territory and toregulate all human activity that may have a direct impact on the environment in the area. It also prohibits Australian nationals from engaging in mineral resource activities elsewhere in Antarctica. Like Australia, a number of ATCPs have either adopted legislationor are developing legislation in their domestic legal systems to implement the Protocol.It is one thing for the Protocol to demand the adoption of domestic legislation to ensure compliance with its provisions, including the ban on mining; it is quite another thingto develop effective domestic legislation on the issue. Given the absence of any knowncommercially exploitable deposits of minerals in Antarctica, the likelihood of any mineralresource activity in the region is very remote. But should mining activity occur in Antarctica in breach of the Protocol, the enforcement of the ban could be fraught with practical, legal, and policy difficulties. This paper examines the domestic legislative efforts by Australia as a leading ATCP to ban mining activity in Antarctica. Even though the discussion focuses on Australia by examining its legislation, the problems and the issues raised in the Australian context are also relevant to other ATCPs generally and to claimants in particular.
3
Joseph, Sally-Ann. "Taxing Sovereign Wealth Funds: Looking to Singapore for Inspiration". Federal Law Review 45, nr 1 (marzec 2017): 17–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x1704500102.
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The taxation of sovereign wealth funds is an important issue for governments as they are both investors and need to attract investment. Operating in global markets, how these funds are taxed can affect investment location decisions. In Australia there are currently no legislative provisions for these investments and issues of residency, applicability and terminology hamper the use of tax treaties. The basis of how sovereign wealth funds are taxed in Australia is administrative where tax exemptions are provided on the basis of private ruling applications. It is an inefficient and costly process which lacks certainty. Over the period 2009 to 2011 the government of the day proposed legislating its practices dealing with sovereign wealth funds. In 2010 Singapore introduced a fund exemption scheme, markedly different from that proposed in Australia. Yet it is a method that is able to be adapted to the Australian income tax legislation. It avoids definitional issues by targeting the entities the policy aims to cover, is compatible with a self-assessment system and provides flexibility in policy making. Recommendations with accompanying considerations are made with respect to incorporating Singapore's tax exemption for sovereign wealth funds into the Australian tax legislation.
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Ryan, Christopher. "Australasian Psychiatry and Euthanasia". Australasian Psychiatry 4, nr 6 (grudzień 1996): 307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10398569609082072.
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In May 1995, the Northern Territory of Australia became the first legislative jurisdiction in the world to introduce legislation specifically sanctioning active voluntary euthanasia. Shortly after the introduction of the legislation many of Australia's political leaders announced that they would support similar legislation in their jurisdictions and there nave already been attempts to pass such legislation elsewhere in Australia and in New Zealand.
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McCrystal, Shae, i Belinda Smith. "Industrial Legislation in 2010". Journal of Industrial Relations 53, nr 3 (czerwiec 2011): 288–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185611402004.
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Two themes in legislative activity in 2010 were national uniformity and some movement in using law to promote equality, especially gender equality. The Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) came into full effect with the commencement of the new safety net provisions and the referral to the Commonwealth of industrial relations powers over private-sector workforces in all states except Western Australia. Progress continued on the promised harmonization of Australian occupational health and safety laws with the release of a model Work Health and Safety Bill by Safe Work Australia, although developments in some states threaten to derail the process. An attempt to repeal most of the industry-specific regulation of the building and construction industry failed. The Federal Parliament passed legislation establishing a national paid parental leave scheme, and a number of changes to federal discrimination laws came into effect or were proposed, including the potential consolidation of federal discrimination legislation. This article provides an overview of these developments at federal level and concludes with a discussion of developments in the states including a brief overview of Victoria’s new equal opportunity legislation.
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Shahzad, Farhan. "P-092 INJURY MANAGEMENT PRACTICE IN AUSTRALIA AS AN OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICIAN". Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (1.07.2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0570.
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Abstract Introduction The proposed session is to discuss injury management consultation in Australia as legislation incorporated into the Workers’ Compensation system. Methods We will discuss the effect on Workers’ Compensation return-to-work timeframes and management outcomes. Discussion about the history and the progress of the Workers’ Compensation System in Australia. Discuss injury management consultation with Australian statistics. Comparative analysis of New South Sales and other states in Australia including Victoria, Australian Capital Territory, Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia and Tasmania. Results Outcomes of legislative support with occupational injury management promote the scope of work for occupational physicians. NSW has increased the scope of practice and employability for occupational medicine practitioners as authorized providers of occupational medical services with rehabilitation and return to work in workers’ compensation claims. Discussion The role of occupational physicians in Workers’ Compensation return to work is crucial. Conclusion Legislative inclusion of Occupational Medicine practitioners should be promoted in workers’ compensation government schemes.
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Forsyth, Anthony. "Industrial legislation in Australia in 2016". Journal of Industrial Relations 59, nr 3 (22.05.2017): 323–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185617693876.
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After three years of trying, the Coalition Government finally succeeded in obtaining passage of several key workplace reform statutes in 2016. This followed the outcome of the federal election held on 2 July, delivering the Government a differently composed Senate and a new opportunity to secure support for its legislative program. This review article explains key aspects of the industrial legislation passed by federal Parliament in 2016, including statutes abolishing the specialist road transport industry tribunal, re-establishing the Howard-era regulator for the construction industry, and setting up a new agency to enforce enhanced governance and accountability standards for registered unions and employer organisations. Legislative amendments aimed at resolving the long-running bargaining dispute in Victoria’s Country Fire Authority are also considered, along with the Government’s muted response to the 2015 Productivity Commission review of the workplace relations framework. The article then examines developments at state level, including a major rewrite of Queensland’s industrial legislation, structural changes in New South Wales, and proposed changes to long service leave and the labour hire sector in Victoria. It concludes by noting the irony that just as the federal Government has tasted some success after a long legislative ‘dry spell’, its labour law reform agenda appears limited and piecemeal.
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Fahey, James, i Rosemary Lyster. "Geosequestration in Australia: Existing and Proposed Regulatory Mechanisms". Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 4, nr 5 (2007): 378–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187601007x00316.
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AbstractGeosequestration1 involves the capture (from power stations and other facilities) and storage of carbon dioxide for very long periods of time in underground geological formations. This article is concerned with key legal and regulatory issues associated with establishing and operating geosequestration projects in Australia. It highlights the recent increased interest in, and raised profile of, using geosequestration as a greenhouse gas abatement measure in Australia. It reviews the cooperative efforts of the States, Territories and the Commonwealth to develop a nationally consistent regulatory framework for geosequestration projects, using existing petroleum legislation. These efforts have been driven by a lack of existing Australian legislation that provides an adequate and discrete regime dealing with the issues of responsibility and liability for geosequestered gas, although the release of draft legislation in this area is now imminent. It assesses some State legislative attempts to allow for the underground storage of carbon dioxide, and argues that these fail to satisfactorily deal with the long term (indefinite) nature of the storage aspect of geosequestration projects. Finally, this article examines the States' and Commonwealth's powers to legislate in respect of the injection and storage of carbon dioxide.
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Rawling, Michael, i Eugene Schofield-Georgeson. "Industrial legislation in Australia in 2017". Journal of Industrial Relations 60, nr 3 (20.04.2018): 378–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618760088.
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This article examines key industrial legislation passed by federal Parliament in 2017. The main development in federal industrial legislation for this year, which passed with bipartisan support, saw a weakened Coalition Government (forced from its traditional industrial relations (IR) stance) act to improve protections for vulnerable workers. This initiative introduced extended liability provisions regulating franchisors and holding companies. However, these provisions are a narrow response to an economy-wide problem because they do not establish measures to better regulate supply chains, labour hire and gig economy arrangements for the protection of vulnerable workers. Back in more familiar territory, the Coalition Government managed to implement part of its agenda to further regulate unions by establishing legislation that criminalises bargaining payments by employers to unions. A constitutional crisis over the citizenship status of federal Parliamentarians prevented the Coalition Government from passing legislation designed to curtail trade union activities. The article also considers significant State legislative developments including the introduction of mandatory labour hire licensing laws in South Australia and Queensland, industrial manslaughter laws in Queensland and regulation of ridesharing arrangements in Victoria. The article concludes by contrasting federal criminal penalties against union activity with civil penalties for businesses that exploit vulnerable workers, before suggesting future directions in industrial legislation.
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Rawling, Michael, i Eugene Schofield-Georgeson. "Industrial legislation in Australia in 2018". Journal of Industrial Relations 61, nr 3 (1.05.2019): 402–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185619834058.
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It has been a quiet year like last year for the passing of federal industrial legislation (due to a number of factors, including the political turmoil of the federal coalition government and their lack of an overall labour law reform agenda). This article examines key federal industrial legislative developments including the Modern Slavery Act 2018 (Cth). The article identifies that the federal Act contains much weaker compliance measures than the counterpart New South Wales legislation also passed in 2018 – the Modern Slavery Act 2018 (NSW). Also, although the Coalition government has attempted to continue to prosecute its case for further union governance measures, this agenda has been less successful than in previous years, with key government Bills not yet passed by the Parliament. The stagnation in the federal Parliament continues to motivate certain State Parliaments to address worker exploitation, and the article goes on to examine key State industrial legislation passed in 2018 including the Victorian labour hire licensing statute. In light of the continuing dominant position of the federal Labor opposition in opinion polls and an impending federal election in 2019, the article concludes by briefly considering the federal Labor opposition's agenda for industrial legislation.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Legislation – australia"
1
Catton, Darren J. "Should retail lease legislation in Australia be simplified?" Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106791/1/Darren_Catton_Thesis.pdf.
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The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether retail shop lease legislation in Australia should be simplified in relation to five major topics of concern. Such a determination will be achieved primarily by analysing and comparing the different legislation in each Australian jurisdiction. In addition, other simplified Australian legislation and the Voluntary Leasing Codes for England and Wales will be analysed. Such analysis will allow the preparation of recommendations for simplified retail leasing legislation.
2
Cheung, Francis. "Bilingual legislation for Hong Kong". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6519.
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Clarke, Tamsin Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "Racism, pluralism and democracy in Australia : re-conceptualising racial vilification legislation". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Law, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20530.
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Australian debates about racial vilification legislation have been dominated by mainstream American First Amendment jurisprudence and popular American notions of 'free speech' to the exclusion of alternative Europeans models. This can be seen from notions of Australian racial vilification legislation as inconsistent with 'free speech' rights as well as the influence of some of the basic assumptions of First Amendment jurisprudence on political speech cases in the Australian High Court. Despite the widespread existence of legislation that penalises racial vilification at State and Federal levels, there has been a rise in Australia over the past 10 years of divisive 'race' politics. Against that background, this thesis considers the scope and limits of racial vilification legislation in Australia. It is argued that First Amendment jurisprudence is inadequate in the Australian context, because it is heavily dependent upon economic metaphors, individualistic notions of identity and outdated theories of communication. It assumes that 'free speech' in terms of lack of government intervention is essential to 'democracy'. It ignores the content, context and effect of harmful speech, except in extreme cases, with the result that socially harmful speech is protected in the name of 'free speech'. This has narrowed the parameters within which racial vilification is understood and hindered the development of a broader discourse on the realities of racist harms, and the mechanisms necessary for their redress. The author calls for the development of an Australian jurisprudence of harmful speech. Failing an Australian Bill of Rights, that jurisprudence would be grounded upon the implied constitutional right of free political speech, informed by an awareness that modern structures of public speech favour a very limited range of speech and speakers. The jurisprudence would take advantage of the insights of Critical Race Theory into the connections between racial vilification and racist behaviour, as well as the personal and social harms of racial vilification. Finally, it is argued that the concepts of human dignity and equality, which underpin European discrimination legislation and notions of justice, provide a way forward for Australian jurisprudence in this area.
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Azzi, John. "The role of CFC legislation in protecting Australia's domestic income tax base". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20011.
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Rumble, Tony Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "Synthetic equity and franked debt: capital markets savings cures". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Law, 1998. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17591.
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Micro-economic reform is a primary objective of modern Australian socio-economic policy. The key outcome targetted by this reform is increased efficiency, measured by a range of factors, including cost reduction, increased savings, and a more facilitative environment for business activity. These benefits are sought by the proponents of reform as part of a push to increase national prosperity, but concerns that social equity is undermined by it are expressed by opponents of that reform. The debate between efficiency and equity is raging in current Australian tax policy, a key site for micro-economic reform. As Government Budget restructuring occurs in Australia, demographic change (eg, the ageing population) undermines the ability of public funded welfare to provide retirement benefits. Responsibility for self-funded retirement is an important contributor to increasing private savings. Investment in growth assets such as corporate stock is increasing in Australia, however concerns about volatility of asset values and yield stimulate the importance of investment risk management techniques. Financial contract innovation utilising financial derivatives is a dominant mechanism for that risk management. Synthetic equity products which are characterised by capital protection and enhanced yield are popular and efficient equity risk management vehicles, and are observed globally, particularly in the North American market. Financial contract innovation, risk management using financial derivatives, and synthetic equity products suffer from an adverse tax regulatory response in Australia, which deprives Australian investors from access to important savings vehicles. The negative Australian tax response stems from anachronistic legislation and jurisprudence, which emphasises tax outcomes based on legal form. The pinnacle of this approach is the tax law insistence on characterisation of financial contracts as either debt or equity, despite some important financial similarities between these two asset types. Since derivatives produce transactions with novel legal forms this approach is unresponsive to innovation. The negative tax result also stems from a perception that the new products are tax arbitrage vehicles, offering tax benefits properly available to investment in stocks, which is thought to be inappropriate when the new products resemble debt positions (particularly when they are capital protected and yield enhanced). The negative tax response reflects administrative concerns about taxpayer equity and revenue leakage. This approach seeks to impose tax linearity by proxy: rather than utilising systemic reform to align the tax treatment of debt and equity, the current strategy simply denies the equity tax benefits to a variety of innovative financial contracts. It deprives Australians of efficiency enhancing savings products, which because of an adverse tax result are unattractive to investors. The weakness of the current approach is illustrated by critical analysis of three key current and proposed tax laws: the ???debt dividend??? rules in sec. 46D Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (the ???Tax Act???); the 1997 Budget measures (which seek to integrate related stock and derivative positions); and the proposals in the Taxation of Financial Arrangements Issues Paper (which include a market value tax accounting treatment for ???traded equity,??? and propose a denial of the tax benefits for risk managed equity investments). The thesis develops a model for financial analysis of synthetic equity products to verify the efficiency claims made for them. The approach is described as the ???Tax ReValue??? model. The Tax ReValue approach isolates the enhanced investment returns possible for synthetic equity, and the model is tested by application to the leading Australian synthetic equity product, the converting preference share. The conclusions reached are that the converting preference share provides the key benefits of enhanced investment return and lower capital costs to its corporate issuer. This financial efficiency analysis is relied upon to support the assertion that a facilitative tax response to such products is appropriate. The facilitative response can be delivered by a reformulation of the existing tax rules, or by systemic reform. The reformulation of the existing tax rules is articulated by a Rule of Reason, which is proposed in the thesis as the basis for the allocation and retention of the equity tax benefits. To avoid concerns about taxpayer equity and revenue leakage the Rule of Reason proposes a Two Step approach to the allocation of the equity tax benefits to synthetics. The financial analysis is used to quantify non-tax benefits of synthetic equity products, and to predict whether and to what extent the security performs financially like debt or equity. This financial analysis is overlayed by a refined technical legal appraisal of whether the security contains the essential legal ???Badges of Equity.??? The resulting form and substance approach provides a fair and equitable control mechanism for perceived tax arbitrage, whilst facilitating efficient financial contract innovation. The ultimate source of non-linearity in the taxation of investment capital is the differential tax benefits provided to equity and debt. To promote tax linearity the differentiation needs to be removed, and the thesis makes recommendations for systemic reform, particularly concerning the introduction of a system of ???Franked Debt.??? The proposed system of ???Franked Debt??? would align the tax treatment of debt and equity by replacing the corporate interest deduction tax benefit with a lender credit in respect of corporate tax paid. This credit would operate mechanically like the existing shareholder imputation credit. The interface of this domestic tax credit scheme with the taxation of International investment capital, and the problems occasioned by constructive delivery of franking credits to Australian taxpayers via synthetics, are resolved by the design and costings of the new system, which has the potential to be revenue positive.
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Harding, Ian M., i n/a. "The introduction of privacy legislation to Australia as a case study in policy making". University of Canberra. Administrative Studies, 1998. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060720.124331.
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The basis of this study was my belief that the introduction of the present privacy
legislation had been done in such a "try and see" manner. To me, the whole process
"begged" for a much closer look to try to understand the rationale behind successive
governments' decisions on this policy initiative.
I begin my look at the process from the 1960s as this is when general public concern for
the security of personal information was high. I then move to the introduction of the
proposed Australia Card and its demise and then to the present. Then, with reference to
the "classic" policy analysis authors, I show that the implementation of federal privacy
laws in Australia was an excellent example of how not to go about convincing the
public the new laws would offer the protection they, the public, sought. I also explore
the reasons behind negative lobbying by certain non-government sector interests to
demonstrate how this sector has influenced government thinking.
As an example of the study of a policy issue this thesis shows the effect a lack of
planning, and a terrible lack of communication, can have on the introduction of any new
legislation. Much of this is due to the fact that the real issue behind the introduction of
privacy legislation was that of increasing taxation revenue and not the protection of
individuals' privacy. The privacy legislation was the "sweetener" the government
believed was needed to satisfy the general public's concerns so that the government
could achieve the desired result for its taxation revenue policy.
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Harrison, Peter, i n/a. "A THEORY OF LEGISLATION FROM A SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE". University of Canberra. Law, 2007. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20081204.115715.
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In this thesis I outline a view of primary legislation from a systems perspective. I suggest that systems theory and, in particular, autopoietic theory, as modified by field theory, is a mechanism for understanding how society operates.
The description of primary legislation that I outline differs markedly from any conventional definition in that I argue that primary legislation is not, and indeed cannot be, either a law or any of the euphemisms that are usually accorded to an enactment by a parliament. I cite two reasons for such a conclusion.
The primary reason for my conclusion is that I see primary legislation as being an output of a particular subsystem of society, while the law is the output of another subsystem of society. I argue that these outputs are the discrete products of separate subsystems of society. I argue that primary legislation should be viewed as a trinity. The first state of this trinity is that, upon enactment, primary legislation is a brute fact in that it is but a thing and the only property of this thing is that of being a text. The second state of this trinity is that following the act of enactment, the thing enacted will be reproduced and this reproduction is a separate thing that will sit in some repository until used. The third state of this trinity is that, upon use, this thing that is primary legislation will be transformed into an object and the user will attribute such functions and attributes to that object as are appropriate to the context within which the object is used. The thing has therefore become an object and an institutional fact. The second reason for my conclusion that primary legislation is not a law relates to the fact that the thing that is primary legislation is a text and the only function of a text is that it is available to be read. That is to say, of itself, a text is incapable of doing anything: it is the reader who defines the status of the text and attributes functions and attributes. Upon use, primary legislation thus becomes a censored input for future action and one of these actions may be some statement by a court of law.
I assert that the view of primary legislation that has been accepted within the body politic is the product of the discourse of a particular subsystem of society that I have designated ?the legal practice?, and I outline why and how this has occurred. Outlining a view about primary legislation also necessitates outlining a view as to the nature of the law. I assert that the law is a myth and I see this myth as a product of the discourse of the legal practice. I have asserted that although it is the judges that state the law, such statements flow from the discourse of those who practise the law.
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Tooma, Rachel Anne Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "A case for a uniform statutory general anti-avoidance rule in Australian taxation legislation". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Law, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/29348.
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Taxpayer certainty is the most frequently cited argument against statutory General Anti-Avoidance Rules (GAARs). However the vast literature criticising statutory GAARs fails to consider the extent of taxpayer uncertainty, and the potential for taxpayer uncertainty, in jurisdictions without a statutory GAAR. This thesis examines that gap in the literature. The thesis uses inductive reasoning to suggest that there is greater taxpayer certainty where a statutory GAAR exists and is appropriately administered. Specifically, it uses a case study to demonstrate that there is greater uncertainty for taxpayers where the administration, the judiciary and the legislature may use their vast powers to address perceived avoidance. The thesis then considers the form of a statutory GAAR that may best be expected to promote taxpayer certainty. Such analysis involves a comparison of Australia???s oldest statutory GAAR, Part IVA of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (Cth) (and its predecessor section 260), with the more recent GAARs in Australia???s indirect tax legislation (GST and state stamp duty), and the GAARs of other jurisdictions, including New Zealand, Canada and South Africa. In order to promote taxpayer certainty, a uniform statutory GAAR is ultimately proposed for all Australian taxation legislation, with safeguards to ensure the appropriate administration of the uniform GAAR.
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Harpur, Paul David. "Labour rights as human rights : workers' safety at work in Australian-based supply chains". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/35793/1/Paul_Harpur_Thesis.pdf.
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The increase of buyer-driven supply chains, outsourcing and other forms of non-traditional employment has resulted in challenges for labour market regulation. One business model which has created substantial regulatory challenges is supply chains. The supply chain model involves retailers purchasing products from brand corporations who then outsource the manufacturing of the work to traders who contract with factories or outworkers who actually manufacture the clothing and textiles. This business model results in time and cost pressures being pushed down the supply chain which has resulted in sweatshops where workers systematically have their labour rights violated. Literally millions of workers work in dangerous workplaces where thousands are killed or permanently disabled every year. This thesis has analysed possible regulatory responses to provide workers a right to safety and health in supply chains which provide products for Australian retailers.
This thesis will use a human rights standard to determine whether Australia is discharging its human rights obligations in its approach to combating domestic and foreign labour abuses. It is beyond this thesis to analyse Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws in every jurisdiction. Accordingly, this thesis will focus upon Australian domestic laws and laws in one of Australia’s major trading partners, the Peoples’ Republic of China (China).
It is hypothesised that Australia is currently breaching its human rights obligations through failing to adequately regulate employees’ safety at work in Australian-based supply chains. To prove this hypothesis, this thesis will adopt a three- phase approach to analysing Australia’s regulatory responses.
Phase 1 will identify the standard by which Australia’s regulatory approach to employees’ health and safety in supply chains can be judged. This phase will focus on analysing how workers’ rights to safety as a human right imposes a moral obligation on Australia to take reasonablely practicable steps regulate Australian-based supply chains. This will form a human rights standard against which Australia’s conduct can be judged.
Phase 2 focuses upon the current regulatory environment. If existing regulatory vehicles adequately protect the health and safety of employees, then Australia will have discharged its obligations through simply maintaining the status quo. Australia currently regulates OHS through a combination of ‘hard law’ and ‘soft law’ regulatory vehicles. The first part of phase 2 analyses the effectiveness of traditional OHS laws in Australia and in China. The final part of phase 2 then analyses the effectiveness of the major soft law vehicle ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’ (CSR).
The fact that employees are working in unsafe working conditions does not mean Australia is breaching its human rights obligations. Australia is only required to take reasonably practicable steps to ensure human rights are realized.
Phase 3 identifies four regulatory vehicles to determine whether they would assist Australia in discharging its human rights obligations. Phase 3 then analyses whether Australia could unilaterally introduce supply chain regulation to regulate domestic and extraterritorial supply chains. Phase 3 also analyses three public international law regulatory vehicles. This chapter considers the ability of the United Nations Global Compact, the ILO’s Better Factory Project and a bilateral agreement to improve the detection and enforcement of workers’ right to safety and health.
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Taylor, Anne. "Australian occupational protective footwear standards under mutual recognition legislation : can end-user protection levels be reduced as a result of the introduction of this legislation in Australia in 1993?" Thesis, Federation University Australia, 1993. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/164830.
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"This thesis aims to investigate the effect of mutual recognition legislation on the sale and use of occupational protective footwear within Australia to determine if there is the potential for end-user protection levels to be reduced below those required by the Australian Standard, AS/NZS 2210."Master of Applied Science
Książki na temat "Legislation – australia"
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Pearce, D. C. Delegated legislation in Australia. Wyd. 4. Chatsworth, NSW: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2012.
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Pearce, D. C. Delegated legislation in Australia. Wyd. 2. Sydney: Butterworths, 1999.
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Australia. Native title: Legislation with commentary. Wyd. 2. Canberra: AusInfo, 1998.
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Larmour, Constance. Sex discrimination legislation in Australia. [Barton, ACT]: Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, 1987.
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Australia. Dept. of the Parliamentary Library. Legislative Research Service. Aids related legislation in Australia. [Canberra]: Dept. of the Parliamentary Library, 1988.
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Larmour, Constance. Affirmative action legislation in Australia. [Barton, A.C.T.]: Legislative Research Service, Dept. of the Parliamentary Library, 1986.
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1947-, Bartlett Richard H., i Meyers Gary D, red. Native title legislation in Australia. Perth, W.A: Centre for Commercial and Resources Law, University of Western Australia and Murdoch University, 1994.
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Larmour, Constance. Sex discrimination legislation in Australia. [Barton]: Dept. of the Parliamentary Library, 1985.
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Halstead, Boronia. Wildlife legislation in Australia: Trafficking provisions. Canberra, ACT: Australian Institute of Criminology, 1994.
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Kathryn, Fitzhenry, red. Corporations legislation index. Annandale, N.S.W: Federation Press, 1989.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Legislation – australia"
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Rao, Sunil. "Modern Slavery Act Australia". W Modern Slavery Legislation, 62–92. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429341465-4.
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Hannam, Ian. "Soil Legislation in Australia". W Legal Instruments for Sustainable Soil Management in Africa, 181–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36004-7_10.
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Mansergh, Ian, Gary Davey i Peter Robertson. "Reptiles and amphibians of Victoria — legislation". W Herpetology in Australia, 373–76. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/rzsnsw.1993.060.
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Ramsay, Ian, i Mihika Upadhyaya. "The Failed Attempt to Enact Benefit Company Legislation in Australia and the Rise of B Corps". W The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law, 395–424. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_19.
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AbstractAustralia is an unusual case study in terms of the history of benefit company legislation. Unlike the history in some other countries, the attempt by B Lab Australia and New Zealand (‘B Lab ANZ’) to introduce benefit company legislation was unsuccessful. It failed to gain the support of the government and attracted a mixed response from Australian businesses and academics. The authors discuss why the attempt was unsuccessful. However, although benefit company legislation was not enacted in Australia, B Lab ANZ’s B Corp certification program has had significant success with 371 Australian B Corps as of January 2022. The authors argue that while B Lab ANZ’s B Corp certification requirements achieve, in some important respects, some of what was contained in the proposed benefit company legislation, had it been enacted the proposed legislation would have ensured greater transparency and accountability for those companies electing to become benefit companies than is currently the case for B Corps in Australia.
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Edgar, Brendan, i Sally Stephens. "Commonwealth legislation relevant to reptiles and amphibians". W Herpetology in Australia, 39–42. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/rzsnsw.1993.006.
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Steele, Robert J. "Australia and New Zealand". W Global Legislation for Food Packaging Materials, 369–78. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527630059.ch22.
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Davis, Graeme W., David J. Heard i Ray E. Chatto. "Legislation in relation to herpetofauna in the Northern Territory". W Herpetology in Australia, 333–36. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/rzsnsw.1993.051.
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Williams, K. D. "Legislation and protection of reptiles and frogs in the ACT". W Herpetology in Australia, 58. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/rzsnsw.1993.009.
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New, Tim R. "Butterflies in Australian Conservation Legislation". W Butterfly Conservation in South-Eastern Australia: Progress and Prospects, 35–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9926-6_3.
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Sansom, Graham, i Su Fei Tan. "Australia". W The Forum of Federations Handbook on Local Government in Federal Systems, 47–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41283-7_3.
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AbstractAustralian local government is characterised by contradictions. There are some 537 elected municipalities, plus a small number of special-purpose entities, divided amongst seven separate systems created by the governments of six states and the Northern Territory. The Australia Capital Territory is a city-state with no separate local government. Municipalities are extremely diverse in terms of their physical size, geography, climate, populations, economies and financial capacity, but within each of the seven systems all operate as a single tier under essentially the same legislation. There are no ‘neighbourhood councils’ or regional municipalities. While they are subject to detailed regulation, close scrutiny and frequent interventions by the state or territory government, all municipalities have some sort of power of general competence. Local government is not recognised in Australia’s federal constitution, yet it enjoys extensive financial, policy and program links with the federal government and has a seat in several high-level inter-government forums. And so on. Overall, local government has limited functions and plays only a minor role in major state and national agendas, but an increasing number of large, well-resourced municipalities offer the potential to do much more. This chapter explores the factors underlying forces at work and considers future prospects.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Legislation – australia"
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Hood, James, Pier Marzocca i Arvind Sinha. "A Twenty-five-year Retrospective Analysis of Australia's Previous Defence Aviation Safety Framework". W Vertical Flight Society 76th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0076-2020-16348.
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Australia has embarked on an extraordinary reform to design, develop and implement a new and contemporary Defence Aviation Safety Framework. The program seeks to establish a single Defence Aviation Safety Authority (DASA) and issue a comprehensive and integrated suite of Defence Aviation Safety Regulation (DASR) for initial and continuing airworthiness, flight operations, air navigation, aerodromes (inclusive of ship-borne heliports) and safety management systems. While reforms of this scale can often be triggered by reviews into major aircraft accidents, such as The Nimrod Review by Charles Haddon-Cave QC in October 2009, Australia initiated the reform when new aircraft fleets were being introduced and at a time of arguably high-levels of aviation safety. The purpose of this paper is therefore to explain the compelling reason for change; providing a twenty-five-year retrospective analysis of Australia’s previous Defence aviation safety framework to give a rich picture of the difficulties faced by increased commercialization from the late 1990s, globalization in the 2000s, and the recent emergence of strict work, health and safety legislation in Australia.
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Norman, F. G. "Managing Australia's Decommissioning Future and Building Regional Capacity". W Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/34895-ms.
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Abstract This paper provides an overview of the status of the Australian decommissioning industry and discusses actions and activities that are underway to ensure the industry is as prepared as possible for the growing volume of work it will face this decade. The paper also considers how the growing decommissioning workload can be managed across the region to deliver best in class outcomes and predictable outcomes for all involved. Driven by reservoirs reaching the end of their production life, the age of existing infrastructure and changes to legislation, the volume of decommissioning activity occurring and planned in Australia has increased significantly this decade. This increase in activity has highlighted several gaps in the readiness across industry; operators have been largely focused on new developments and production with decommissioning taking a lower priority, service sector companies have delayed preparing for decommissioning work due to ongoing uncertainty of workload, and regulators had not been exposed to large enough volumes of decommissioning applications for their personnel to be prepared. Since its establishment in 2020, the Centre of Decommissioning Australia (CODA) has been working to bring a greater focus on the opportunities and challenges facing industry as decommissioning becomes more common place. This has included CODA's initial work highlighting and quantifying the anticipated volumes and timeline of decommissioning works in Australia. Alongside producing the 2020 forward lookahead, CODA has also been developing reports, resources and tools to help Australian industry prepare for the US$40.5 billion of forecast decommissioning activity. Regionally, decommissioning workloads are also growing. There is an increasing global demand for skills and equipment, and a growing intersection and tension between offshore decommissioning and offshore wind. Pressures are building on the supply chain to service demand for decommissioning services in Australia, in the Asia Pacific region and globally. Now is the time to explore deeper regional cooperation on this critical final phase of the oil and gas production cycle.
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Waggitt, Peter, i Mike Fawcett. "Completion of the South Alligator Valley Remediation: Northern Territory, Australia". W ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16198.
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13 uranium mines operated in the South Alligator Valley of Australia’s Northern Territory between 1953 and 1963. At the end of operations the mines, and associated infrastructure, were simply abandoned. As this activity preceded environmental legislation by about 15 years there was neither any obligation, nor attempt, at remediation. In the 1980s it was decided that the whole area should become an extension of the adjacent World Heritage, Kakadu National Park. As a result the Commonwealth Government made an inventory of the abandoned mines and associated facilities in 1986. This established the size and scope of the liability and formed the framework for a possible future remediation project. The initial program for the reduction of physical and radiological hazards at each of the identified sites was formulated in 1989 and the works took place from 1990 to 1992. But even at this time, as throughout much of the valley’s history, little attention was being paid to the long term aspirations of traditional land owners. The traditional Aboriginal owners, the Gunlom Land Trust, were granted freehold Native Title to the area in 1996. They immediately leased the land back to the Commonwealth Government so it would remain a part of Kakadu National Park, but under joint management. One condition of the lease required that all evidence of former mining activity be remediated by 2015. The consultation, and subsequent planning processes, for a final remediation program began in 1997. A plan was agreed in 2003 and, after funding was granted in 2005, works implementation commenced in 2007. An earlier paper described the planning and consultation stages, experience involving the cleaning up of remant uranium mill tailings and other mining residues; and the successful implementation of the initial remediation works. This paper deals with the final planning and design processes to complete the remediation programme, which is due to occur in 2009. The issues of final containment design and long term stewardship are addressed in the paper as well as some comments on lessons learned through the life of the project.
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Meulengracht, C. S., i D. Hasanusi. "The Economics of CCUS Projects in Conjunction with Large Offshore Gas Projects". W GOTECH. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/219309-ms.
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Abstract Objective/Scope Many countries are now implementing more detailed regulations on carbon, capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) projects. Historically CCUS projects have been considered uneconomic, but with introduction of incentives such as CO2 tax and compensation per ton of CO2 injected, many plans for CCUS projects are moving ahead and expected to go in production in the coming years to help achieve 2030 climate targets. This paper examines the economics of CCUS projects, either standalone or in conjunction with large offshore gas projects in Denmark, Indonesia and Australia. Firstly, an analysis of the legislation in these countries reveals to what degree the frameworks are defined to support CCUS projects. Secondly economic robustness analyses of the projects are performed to determine under which circumstances that CCUS strengthens or weakens the business cases for the operators. Method/Procedure/Process Appropriate gas production profiles and costs including DRILLEX, CAPEX and OPEX are determined for large offshore gas projects in Denmark, Indonesia and Australia, and with appropriate CCUS facilities. These countries offer very different settings since offshore projects in Denmark are in harsh environment but shallow water, while Indonesia and Australia offer deeper water and generally more benign weather conditions. The legal analysis is based on existing petroleum fiscal regimes in all three countries and new regulations relevant for CCUS that include depreciating and recovering investments and receiving economic incentives to inject CO2 that may or may not be used for enhanced oil and gas recovery. Economic analyses for typical oil and gas project decisions are performed with alternative development scenarios and robustness evaluations that identify after-tax key metrics and break-even values. These are performed for the offshore gas projects under realistic economic conditions with CCUS facilities. When CCUS facilities are applied this can impact production through enhanced gas recovery or production of alternative fuels. Results/Observations/Conclusions Denmark, Indonesia and Australia are compared from both legal and economic perspectives and conclusions made with respect to how well defined the legal frameworks are for CCUS developments, and the economic viability of CCUS projects when operated standalone or in conjunction with large offshore gas projects. This allows for learning across countries and identifying where improvements in fiscal regimes and incentives for CO2 storages could be made. Novelty/Additive Information CCUS builds on existing technologies but the development of frameworks for incentivizing operators to apply CCUS is still in its early stages and much learning needs to be done. The novelty in this paper is firstly the analysis of how the legal frameworks for CCUS projects compare across three very different locations. Secondly, the novelty is in the development of recommendations for the authorities in Denmark, Indonesia and Australia, for how to make it economically attractive for operators to invest in CCUS, both as standalone projects and in conjunction with large offshore gas projects.
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Telford, Elsie, Akari Nakai Kidd i Ursula de Jong. "Andrew McCutcheon, Evan Walker and David Yencken: Tracing Cross-Disciplinary Understandings in Architecture in 1970s Melbourne". W The 39th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. PLACE NAME: SAHANZ, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a5047pn4af.
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The 1970s in Melbourne was a period of political, social and cultural flux. In the midst of this period of change, three figures loom large: Andrew McCutcheon (1931-2017), Evan Walker (1935-2015) and David Yencken (1931-2019). Each had strong allegiances to architecture, as well as commitments to politics and diverse social causes, including heritage, planning and religion. This paper argues that these three are representative of how a cross-disciplinary understanding of architecture can nurture community values and embed these within the built fabric through heritage. The paper draws on McCutcheon’s, Walker’s and Yencken’s own recollections of this time and uses their memories and reflections to develop a narrative-based understanding of social concerns to broaden architectural conceptions. It examines overlaps between the figures themselves, their work and connection to design, politics and society, mapping the confluences of understandings and outcomes that emerged from the intersections of this knowledge. The research highlights the importance of reading architecture as a discipline connected to, and crossing, both time and place. The fundamental raison d’etre of architecture was explored and questioned by each of the three protagonists – architecture is not simply designing bespoke buildings, but rather contributing to society (through better housing, protecting heritage, urban design), responding to this place (country, landscape and climate), understanding who we are (identity) and thus influencing policy and legislation. The paper teases out how new understandings and narratives of community values emerged through their cross-disciplinary interests and works.
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Soņeca, Viktorija. "Tehnoloģiju milžu ietekme uz suverēnu". W The 8th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.8.1.18.
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In the last two decades, we have seen the rise of companies providing digital services. Big Tech firms have become all-pervasive, playing critical roles in our social interactions, in the way we access information, and in the way we consume. These firms not only strive to be dominant players in one market, but with their giant monopoly power and domination of online ecosystems, they want to become the market itself. They are gaining not just economic, but also political power. This can be illustrated by Donald Trump’s campaigns, in which he attempted to influence the sovereign will, as the sovereign power is vested in the people. The Trump campaigns' use of Facebook's advertising tools contributed to Trump's win at the 2016 presidential election. After criticism of that election, Facebook stated that it would implement a series of measures to prevent future abuse. For example, no political ads will be accepted in the week before an election. Another example of how Big Tech firms can effect the sovereign is by national legislator. For example, Australia had a dispute with digital platforms such as Facebook and Google. That was because Australia began to develop a News Media and Digital Platforms Mandatory Code. To persuade the Australian legislature to abandon the idea of this code, Facebook prevented Australian press publishers, news media and users from sharing/viewing Australian as well as international news content, including blocking information from government agencies. Such action demonstrated how large digital platforms can affect the flow of information to encourage the state and its legislature to change their position. Because of such pressure, Australia eventually made adjustments to the code in order to find a compromise with the digital platform. Also, when we are referring to political power, it should include lobbying and the European Union legislator. Tech giants are lobbying their interests to influence the European Union’s digital policy, which has the most direct effect on member states, given that the member states are bound by European Union law.
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Nguyen, Xuan (Swan). "Improving the legislative framework for mine closure in Western Australia". W Sixth International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1152_71_nguyen.
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Chandran, Andrew. "Why Quiet? - Legislative, Commercial and Ethical Drivers Behind The Design Of Quieter Offshore Facilities In Australia". W International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/156732-ms.
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Welideniya, Senaka, Nicole Tucker i Ana Mesquita. "Open pits, underground mines and tailings storage facilities—geotechnical and legislative aspects at closure in Western Australia". W Mine Closure 2023: 16th International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/2315_045.
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Ratnasabapathy, S., S. Perera i M. Hardie. "A study of liquid waste management practices in construction projects in Australia". W 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.5.
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The construction industry is increasingly under pressure to improve environmental performance and reduce environmental degradation, which often results from carbon emissions and a high volume of waste generated from unprecedented levels of development associated with urbanisation and industrialisation. Construction projects consume a significant amount of water at the same time; they generate liquid waste (LW) from several wet processes during construction on-site, which is often unmetered. At the same time, LW or wastewater generated from construction projects is detrimental to the environment and human health, adversely polluting the surface and groundwater as well as the ground soil. It is, therefore, indispensable to manage LW appropriately while utilising the water efficiently. Limited studies have paid attention to explore the importance of effective liquid waste management (LWM) practices in construction projects and their implications on environmental sustainability. This study aimed to investigate the current practices of LWM in construction projects through the analysis of expert user views and quantitative data analysis while providing an account of LWM related legislative requirements. Moreover, this study estimated the average volume of water consumed for tool washing and water saving for different types of projects and compared it against the use of sustainable LWM systems, notably a closed-loop washout system employed in construction projects. The outcome of this study has the potential to add new and under-measured factors to the current LWM systems and to promote sustainable LWM practices in construction projects. While it highlights issues related to LWM, it provides criteria that can be considered for the green rating of buildings.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Legislation – australia"
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Ripani, Laura, i Claudia Piras. The Effects of Motherhood on Wages and Labor Force Participation: Evidence from Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru. Inter-American Development Bank, listopad 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008892.
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This study asks a simple question that has significant implications for gender equality. After decades of increasing female participation in the labor market, advances in the labor legislation and persistent gender wage gaps, what are the effects of motherhood on labor force participation and wages in Latin America? The data presented in this report show that mothers with children under 7 years of age participate less in the labor market than those with no children, except for single mothers. Another interesting result is that female labor force participation generally increases with age and decreases with family responsibilities. In contrast to the evidence found in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia and Germany, where mothers earn lower wages than women with no children, the results for Latin America do not show a homogeneous impact of motherhood on wages. While in Peru there exists a penalty for mothers of children under 7, in Bolivia and Brazil there is a premium for being a mother. Ecuador shows no significant effects. This heterogeneity is further investigated by considering public and private sectors, educational levels and age groups. The study finds that wage penalties and premiums are not borne equally among all mothers.
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Head, Brian, i Linda Colley. Senior Executive Service Case Study: South Australia. Australia and New Zealand School of Government, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54810/jdgn6133.
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This paper is one of a series of eight which summarise how senior executive arrangements in Australia’s public services have evolved since the 1980s. They look at the legislative and policy changes over that period and provide a snapshot of arrangements for senior public servants through to 2021.
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Head, Brian, i Linda Colley. Senior Executive Service Case Study: Western Australia. Australia and New Zealand School of Government, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54810/txef1190.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper is one of a series of eight which summarise how senior executive arrangements in Australia’s public services have evolved since the 1980s. They look at the legislative and policy changes over that period and provide a snapshot of arrangements for senior public servants through to 2021
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Head, Brian, i Linda Colley. Senior Executive Service Case Study: New South Wales. Australia and New Zealand School of Government, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54810/lefj3007.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper is one of a series of eight which summarise how senior executive arrangements in Australia’s public services have evolved since the 1980s. They look at the legislative and policy changes over that period and provide a snapshot of arrangements for senior public servants through to 2021.
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Head, Brian, i Linda Colley. Senior Executive Service Case Study: Commonwealth. Australia and New Zealand School of Government, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54810/jzso5617.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper is one of a series of eight which summarise how senior executive arrangements in Australia’s public services have evolved since the 1980s. They look at the legislative and policy changes over that period and provide a snapshot of arrangements for senior public servants through to 2021.
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Head, Brian, i Linda Colley. Senior Executive Service Case Study: Tasmania. Australia and New Zealand School of Government, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54810/nhmr8930.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper is one of a series of eight which summarise how senior executive arrangements in Australia’s public services have evolved since the 1980s. They look at the legislative and policy changes over that period and provide a snapshot of arrangements for senior public servants through to 2021.
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Head, Brian, i Linda Colley. Senior Executive Service Case Study: Victoria. Australia and New Zealand School of Government, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54810/lpcq3311.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper is one of a series of eight which summarise how senior executive arrangements in Australia’s public services have evolved since the 1980s. They look at the legislative and policy changes over that period and provide a snapshot of arrangements for senior public servants through to 2021.
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Head, Brian, i Linda Colley. Senior Executive Case Study - Northern Territory. Australia and New Zealand School of Government, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54810/wjdb1277.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper is one of a series of eight which summarise how senior executive arrangements in Australia’s public services have evolved since the 1980s. They look at the legislative and policy changes over that period and provide a snapshot of arrangements for senior public servants through to 2021.
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Head, Brian, i Linda Colley. Senior Executive Service Case Study - Queensland. Australia and New Zealand School of Government, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54810/hbes8104.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper is one of a series of eight which summarise how senior executive arrangements in Australia’s public services have evolved since the 1980s. They look at the legislative and policy changes over that period and provide a snapshot of arrangements for senior public servants through to 2021.
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State Savings Bank of Western Australia - Perth (Head Office) - Legislation - State Savings Bank Transfer Act - 1931. Reserve Bank of Australia, wrzesień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/20972.
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