Artykuły w czasopismach: „Lau (Solomon Islands people)”

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van der Ploeg, Jan, Meshach Sukulu, Hugh Govan, Tessa Minter i Hampus Eriksson. "Sinking Islands, Drowned Logic; Climate Change and Community-Based Adaptation Discourses in Solomon Islands". Sustainability 12, nr 17 (3.09.2020): 7225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12177225.

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The saltwater people of Solomon Islands are often portrayed to be at the frontline of climate change. In media, policy, and development discourses, the erosion and abandonment of the small, man-made islands along the coast of Malaita is attributed to climate change induced sea-level rise. This paper investigates this sinking islands narrative, and argues that a narrow focus on the projected impacts of climate change distracts attention and resources from more pressing environmental and development problems that are threatening rural livelihoods.

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Price, Stephanie. "Implementing Solomon Islands’ Protected Areas Act: opportunities and challenges for World Heritage conservation". Asia Pacific Journal of Environmental Law 21, nr 2 (listopad 2018): 147–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/apjel.2018.02.04.

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The inscription of East Rennell in Solomon Islands on the World Heritage List was a landmark in the implementation of the World Heritage Convention. However, the site is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger, threatened by resource development, invasive species, climate change and the over-harvesting of certain animals. This article examines the scope for the Protected Areas Act of 2010 to be used to safeguard the site, and the challenges that may be encountered if the Act is implemented there. It explains how the Act provides direct protection against some (but not all) of the threats to East Rennell. Furthermore, the approach to conservation facilitated by the Act is appropriate for Solomon Islands, where most land is under customary tenure, many people rely on natural resources to support their subsistence lifestyles and the government's capacity to enforce legislation is limited. The article argues that the relationship between the legislation and custom must be considered in the design of the landowner consent process, the preparation of the site's management plan, and the selection of its management committee. Additionally, the protected area should aim to improve the livelihoods of the East Rennellese, as well as safeguarding the site's heritage values.

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Singeo, Lindsey. "The Patentability of the Native Hawaiian Genome". American Journal of Law & Medicine 33, nr 1 (marzec 2007): 119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009885880703300104.

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In 2003, the University of Hawaii proposed patenting the Native Hawaiian genome with the purpose of generating both economic- and healthrelated benefits for the Native Hawaiian people. This proposal, however, was strongly opposed by the Native Hawaiian community, which viewed it as an unwelcome imposition of Western property concepts upon their traditional ideology. Population-based genetic databases are not an entirely new concept. The governments of Iceland and Estonia have created national genetic databases and assumed authority over their ownership and operation. Iceland has even licensed its genome to a private company. Furthermore, the United States has previously been involved in patenting the genetic code of other indigenous groups, such as the Hagahai tribe in Papua New Guinea and the native inhabitants of the Solomon Islands. A patent on the Native Hawaiian genome, however, would be unique because it would concern the rights of American citizens.

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Hobbis, Geoffrey, i Stephanie Ketterer Hobbis. "An ethnography of deletion: Materializing transience in Solomon Islands digital cultures". New Media & Society 23, nr 4 (kwiecień 2021): 750–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444820954195.

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This article demonstrates the fragility of digital storage through a non-media-centric ethnography of data management practices in the so-called Global South. It shows how in the Lau Lagoon, Malaita Province, Solomon Islands, the capacity to reliably store digital media is curtailed by limited access to means of capital production and civic infrastructures, as well as a comparatively isolated tropical ecology that bedevils the permanence of all things. The object biography of mobile phones, including MicroSD cards, typically short, fits into a broader historical pattern of everyday engagements with materializations of transience in the Lau Lagoon. Three types of visual media are exemplary in this regard: sand, ancestral material cultures and digital visual media (photographs and videos). Ultimately, Lau experiences of transience in their visual media are located in their visual technological history and the choices they make about which materials to maintain or dispose of.

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McEvoy, Darryn, Usha Iyer-Raniga, Serene Ho, David Mitchell, Veeriah Jegatheesan i Nick Brown. "Integrating Teaching and Learning with Inter-Disciplinary Action Research in Support of Climate Resilient Urban Development". Sustainability 11, nr 23 (27.11.2019): 6701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236701.

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The capital cities of the South Pacific are experiencing rapid urbanisation pressures as increasing numbers of people migrate to the primary cities either in search of employment and greater access to healthcare and education, or as a consequence of environmental ‘push’ factors. However, the limited capacity of municipal Governments to respond to the scale and pace of change is leading to a growth of informal settlements in peri-urban locations. Factors of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity combine to make these informal settlements the most vulnerable areas to natural hazards. In response to this critical urban resilience agenda, this paper looks at how participatory action research is providing inter-disciplinary scientific support for the implementation of urban resilience and climate actions in Honiara, Solomon Islands. Adaptation measures involve a combination of hard and soft actions; as well as activities designed to strengthen local capacity to respond to contemporary resilience challenges. Addressing the adaptive capacity component, this paper also highlights the opportunities for Australian universities to integrate teaching and learning with action research to achieve a substantive real-world impact in the Pacific region, as well as illustrating the capacity strengthening benefits that can be achieved through sustained engagement and collaborative partnerships with local organisations.

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Hobbis, Geoffrey. "The Shifting Moralities of Mobile Phones in Lau Communicative Ecologies (Solomon Islands)". Oceania 87, nr 2 (lipiec 2017): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ocea.5160.

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Holland, Elisabeth. "Tropical Cyclone Harold meets the Novel Coronavirus". Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 26, nr 1 (31.07.2020): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v26i1.1099.

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Abstract: COVID-19 began to manifest in the Pacific Islands by early March 2020, starting in the US and French territories, spreading slowly to the independent countries of Fiji, Papua New Guinea and Timor-Leste. All of the independent Pacific countries responded with aggressive measures, closing borders and establishing curfews. Against this background, Tropical Cyclone Harold, formed on April Fool's Day, began its devastating path through four Pacific countries: Solomon Islands with 27 dead in a ferry accident; Vanuatu whose northern islands, including Santo and Malekula were devastated by the cyclone with wind speeds greater than 200 km/h. The devastation continued in Fiji, with two tornadoes and devastation particularly in Kadavu and the southern Lau group. Tropical Cyclone Harold struck Tonga at the height of the king tide. COVID-19 continues to complicate relief efforts, particularly in Vanuatu. As of May 3, 2020, sixteen Pacific countries and territories had yet to report their first confirmed case of COVID-19: American Samoa, Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Pitcairn, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu and Wallis and Futuna. The Pacific continues to lead by example motivated by collective stewardship with actions and policies based on science. Pacific leaders continue to work with the World Health Organisation (WHO) to implement COVID-19 management recommendations.

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Sanga, Kabini. "Fānanaua". International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies 8, nr 1 (1.01.2015): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcis.v8i1.130.

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A key reason for many leadership development programmes in Pacific Islands countries is to teach ethics to Pacific Islands leaders. However, as interventions, these programmes are exclusively reliant on Western ideas about ethics and ethics education. To counter such impositions, this paper discusses the nature of indigenous clan ethics and how ethics education is undertaken in an indigenous Solomon Islands clan. Based on an insider-research project of the Gula'alā people of the Solomon Islands, the paper reports on the differences of indigenous ethics education to how ethics is taught, as reported in the global literature and seen in leadership development programmes in Pacific Islands countries.

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Singh, Ashok N., i Paul Orotaloa. "Psychiatry in paradise – the Solomon Islands". International Psychiatry 8, nr 2 (maj 2011): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600002435.

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The Solomon Islands is situated in the South Pacific Ocean and is a low-income country. It comprises nearly 1000 islands with a total land area of 304 000 km2 spread over a sea area of about 1 500 000 km2, making communications, travel and service delivery difficult and creating inequities in access. The population of the Solomon Islands was estimated to be just over 580 000 in 2008, and is young, with 42% aged under 15 years (Solomon Islands Ministry of Health, 2006). The majority of the people are Melanesian (93%) and 98% of the population belong to a Christian church. The population is, though, extremely diverse, with 91 indigenous languages and dialects being spoken, in addition to the Solomon Islands pijin (the most common language) and English (the official national language). Over 83% of the population live in rural areas, where subsistence agriculture, fishing and food gathering are the main sources of income. There is no substantial tourist industry. The gross domestic product (GDP) is US$1.5 billion and annual per capita income is approximately US$2800 (International Monetary Fund, 2009). Total expenditure on health represented 5.6% of GDP but only 1% of the total health budget is allocated to mental health (World Health Organization, 2005).

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Petterson, M. G., D. Tolia, S. J. Cronin i R. Addison. "Communicating geoscience to indigenous people: examples from the Solomon Islands". Geological Society, London, Special Publications 305, nr 1 (2008): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp305.13.

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Higgins, Kate. "Place, peace and security in Solomon Islands". Cooperation and Conflict 55, nr 4 (26.11.2020): 442–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836720954477.

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This article examines the relationship between place and peace and security in Solomon Islands. Place is understood not only as a geographical location, but as a social, material and symbolic arena where constructions of what constitutes peace and security are continually remade. Place-based constructions of peace and security challenge pervasive spatial assumptions which underpin dominate security discourses about post-conflict Solomon Islands, assumptions which view security as a public good delivered by centralised state institutions to the peripheries. Employing a case study of one particular place, the Gela Group of Islands, this article describes place-based practices, processes, institutions and ideals of peace in contrast to a state ideal of security and argues that far from existing in separate spaces, both place-based and state-based forms of security are in constant interaction and shape each other over time. This article suggests that a way forward in increasing peace and security outcomes in Solomon Islands is to focus on the relationship between place-based forms of security and the state. Doing so acknowledges the political, relational and spiritual worlds of people of place, worlds which fundamentally shape peace and livelihood outcomes, and which require a different understanding of the spatial make-up of the state.

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Luthy, Sarah, Damian Rake, Tanya Buchanan i Christine Schultze. "First Case Report of a Near Lethal Envenomation by a Salomonelaps par (Solomons Coral Snake) in the Solomon Islands". Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 3, nr 3 (21.08.2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed3030090.

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Venomous snake bites in the Solomon Islands can be very dangerous due to lack of access to health care. There are no documented case reports of envenomation by snake bites in the Solomon Islands. This case report highlights the management of a patient with potentially lethal neurotoxicity secondary to a Solomonelaps par (Solomons coral snake) in a low resource setting. This case identifies the potential benefit of further research to determine the incidence of lethal envenomation as well as analysing the venom to determine if any commercially available antivenom would be useful in the treatment of envenomation by Salomonelaps par and other venomous snakes. There should be consideration given to providing education on first aid for people living in remote areas as well as education for health workers.

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Callaghan, Corey T., Esau Kekeubata, Jackson Waneagea, Maasafi Alabai, Tommy Esau, David MacLaren i Richard E. Major. "A collaborative bird survey of East Kwaio, Malaita, Solomon Islands". Check List 15, nr 6 (20.12.2019): 1119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/15.6.1119.

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We surveyed the birds of East Kwaio, Malaita, Solomon Islands from 20 October to 2 November 2018. We conducted 66 point counts and recorded or observed 58 species of resident landbirds, including 23 of the 24 passerine species known from the island of Malaita and 15 waterbird species. We collected some form of samples (e.g., whole specimens and/or blood samples) from 61 individuals of 17 species, including representatives of the four species-level endemics: Malaita Fantail Rhipidura malaitae (Mayr, 1931), Malaita Dwarf-Kingfisher Ceyx malaitae (Mayr, 1935), Malaita White-eye Zosterops stresemanni (Mayr, 1931), and Red-bellied Myzomela Myzomela malaitae (Mayr, 1931). We demonstrate the considerable potential for conservation of the Malaitan avifauna on traditional lands in the mountains of East Kwaio. The extensive knowledge of the local people was a key factor in the success of the expedition. To facilitate ongoing conservation efforts, we documented the local Kwaio names of the birds we encountered.

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Scott, Rolf Erik, Edvard Hviding i Trygve Tollefsen. "Chea's Great Kuarao". Journal of Anthropological Films 2, nr 2 (18.11.2018): e1542. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/jaf.v2i2.1542.

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The People of Chea Village live in the Marovo Lagoon situated in the Western Province of the Salomon Islands. Annually they would organise communal fishing expeditions they called Kuarao and where all the villages took part. Early in the morning and after days of preparation, a large circle of bush vines was laid out in the lagoon waters near the barrier reef. As people swam with the vines and dragged them along, large numbers of fish were caught by surprise and herded together inside the gradually narrowing circle. Finally, the tightly packed schools of fish were stunned by plant poison and collected in canoes. The Kuarao has both ritual and practical importance. It confirms the collective and the social stratification of the village while serving as a powerful linkage between ancestral tradition, customary ownership of the reef, and the surplus production of modern cash. The filming in the Marovo Lagoon took place in collaboration with the local communities and the National Museum of Solomon Islands. The intended audience of this film was first of all the people of the Solomon Islands, which influenced its content and structure. This has ensured that the film has had a prolific life. We have subsequently been told that the film is a big hit among many women, as parts of the film present the backstage life of the men who while making the wines used for fishing out in the outer islands of the Lagoon, converse in a "raunchy" manner. Chea's Great Kuarao was the first film distributed to all the high schools of the islands. It was the film shown at the first public film screening in the capital, Honiara, following the end of the ethnic violence (1998-2003). It was later screened numerous times on public television.

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Sanga, Kabini, i Martyn Reynolds. "Bringing research back home: exploring Indigenous Melanesian tok stori as ontology". AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 17, nr 4 (17.11.2021): 532–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11771801211058342.

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Indigenous knowledge is generally understood to be knowledge developed by a particular group in their specific environment over an extended period of time. In academia generally, bodies of knowledge of differing origins are not often understood. This article employs ontology as a ground for developing relational clarity in the academy by considering two oral traditions—talanoa (a Polynesian conversational form) as represented in research and Melanesian tok stori (a Melanesian form of discursive group communication) understood through an Indigenous Solomon Islands ontology. The discussion of tok stori offers a window into the complex ontological thinking required of the academy when seeking to learn from the knowledge of Mala’ita Solomon Islands specifically, and from Indigenous groups generally. The value to the wider research community suggests that bringing research back home through approaches constructed on the way people act can capitalise on the logic of aligning ontology and practice in research.

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Feinberg, Richard. "Auto-experimentation in wave piloting and celestial navigation: Vaeakau-Taumako, Solomon Islands". Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies 10, nr 2 (1.12.2022): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nzps_00109_7.

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This report involves what I term ‘auto-experimentation’, or experimenting on myself, to learn and assess the arts of seafaring and navigation as practised in the south-eastern Solomon Islands. From 2007 to 2008, I spent nine months with people of the Polynesian island of Taumako, exploring local seafaring techniques. My objective was to study non-instrument navigation as a participant observer, combining verbal instruction with a 70-mile voyage in a large outrigger canoe, without the aid of navigational instruments, from Taumako to the Outer Reef or Vaeakau islands. However, no voyaging canoes were operational during my time in the field. Therefore, instead of watching navigators as they plied their trade, I spoke with them at length and tried to test my own ability to implement what I had learned from my instructors. Here I recount my efforts, while travelling aboard a cargo ship in the Solomon Islands’ Temotu Province, to estimate my heading and location by tracking the movements of stars, the sun, and wind and wave patterns. I then consider my own level of success and what it might suggest about the effectiveness of methods imparted to me by my interlocutors.

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Christensen, Dieter, Ronald Buaoka i Hisao Sekine. "Solomon Islands: The Sounds of Bamboo: Instrumental Music of the 'Are'are People of Malaita". Yearbook for Traditional Music 30 (1998): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/768629.

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Smith, Barbara B., Raymond Firth i Mervyn McLean. "Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People of the Solomon Islands". Notes 49, nr 2 (grudzień 1992): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/897935.

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Rossen, Jane Mink, Raymond Firth, Mervyn McLean i Mervyn McLean. "Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People of the Solomon Islands". Ethnomusicology 38, nr 3 (1994): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/852119.

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Kaeppler, Adrienne L., Raymond Firth i Mervyn McLean. "Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People of the Solomon Islands". Man 29, nr 3 (wrzesień 1994): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2804360.

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Feinberg, Richard, Raymond Firth i Mervyn McLean. "Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People of the Solomon Islands." Pacific Affairs 66, nr 1 (1993): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2760060.

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Bayliss-Smith, Tim, i Andreas Egelund Christensen. "Birds and people on Ontong Java Atoll, Solomon Islands, 1906-2008: Continuity and change". Atoll Research Bulletin 562 (2008): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/si.00775630.562.1.

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Donner, William W., Raymond Firth i Mervyn McLean. "Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People of the Solomon Islands". Asian Music 25, nr 1/2 (1993): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/834198.

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Pospisil, Leopold J., Raymond Firth i Mervyn McLean. "Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People of the Solomon Islands". Ethnohistory 40, nr 1 (1993): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/482191.

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Aurora Alarde Regalado. "WITH CAP REFORMS AND GATT: GREATER MARKET ACCESS FOR COCONUT PRODUCTS?" CORD 10, nr 02 (1.12.1994): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v10i02.286.

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The coconut industry is undeniably an important feature in the economies of the Asia‑Pacific region. It is an important source of income and food. In Vanuatu, this industry contributes 41% to its total export earnings; 7.10% in the Philippines; and 8.91% in the Solomon Islands in 1992. This industry also provides sustenance to the people of Indonesia, Malaysia, India and Sri Lanka. Coconuts are major ingredients in many food preparations in these countries.

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Lyall, Andrew. "Early German Legal Anthropology: Albert Hermann Post and His Questionnaire". Journal of African Law 52, nr 1 (20.03.2008): 114–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855308000053.

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AbstractAlbert Hermann Post (1839–95) is an almost forgotten figure in the history of legal anthropology, yet he was the first anthropologist to propose the study of the legal relations of indigenous peoples. His questionnaire is presented here in English for the first time. It was distributed in the 1890s and the answers, from Cameroon, Mali, Western Sudan, Uganda, German East Africa, German South West Africa, Madagascar, and the Solomon and Marshall Islands, were published by Steinmetz in 1903, after Post's death. The questionnaire gives an insight into the state of German anthropology at the time and, however naïve the method, the answers provide in many cases the only written evidence for the period on the societies studied. This article also considers Hildebrandt's reassessment of Post and gives an account of the circumstances leading up to the distribution of Josef Kohler's later questionnaire.

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Ash, Jillian. "Social impacts of critical mineral exploration on Indigenous peoples’ lands: A case study from Solomon Islands". Extractive Industries and Society 17 (marzec 2024): 101439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101439.

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Rodd, Adrien. "Adapting postcolonial island societies: Fiji and the Solomon Islands in the Pacific". Island Studies Journal 11, nr 2 (2016): 505–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.364.

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Sovereign Pacific island states attract little attention from the great powers. They achieved independence peacefully, mostly from the United Kingdom, and have generally maintained functional democratic societies. Nonetheless, some Pacific states have struggled with the political, institutional and economic legacy of colonization. Tensions between indigenous norms and practices and the expectations of a transposed Western model of society have led to crises. This paper focuses on two Pacific Island states, Fiji and the Solomon Islands. The collapse of the state in the Solomons at the turn of this century, and repeated military coups in Fiji, are due in part to the failure of British-derived institutions to be fully accepted. In both these countries, indigenous people have proposed reforms of these inherited models. Nonetheless, as we shall see, the recent rewriting of these two countries’ constitutions has maintained the fundamentals of the Westminster system, and a government by Westernized indigenous élites.

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Семичев, Дмитрий. "Соломоновы Острова: протесты жителей острова Малаита". История и современность, nr 3 (30.09.2023): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30884/iis/2023.03.13.

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Oceania seems to be a quiet place, uncharacterized by major unrest, revolutionary episodes and other upheavals. And, really, it would seem, what kind of tensions and conflicts can arise in states whose populations do not exceed one million people, and in some cases are measured in tens of thousands of people? However, even in such small post-colonial powers there are reasons for conflicts, coups d'etat and revolutionary episodes, for example in Fiji in 2006. One of these was the protests in Honiara, the capital of the Solomon Islands, the reasons for which will be discussed in this article.

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Hobbis, Geoffrey. "The MicroSDs of Solomon Islands An Offline Remittance Economy of Digital Multi-Media". Digital Culture & Society 3, nr 2 (20.12.2017): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/dcs-2017-0203.

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Abstract Based on twelve months of multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork, this article investigates the offline circulation of digital media files in Solomon Islands. It explores how circular temporary labour migration drives the acquisition, movement and consumption of digital media, and how these media files contribute to moral controversies. Before the rapid proliferation of mobile phones in 2010, people living in rural environments had limited access to electronic media and the male village elite controlled access to this media, especially foreign movies. Mobile phones, on the other hand, are individually owned and encourage private consumption of media files. At the same time, migrants living in urban areas can easily obtain digital media files and have started integrating them into remittance networks. Access to electronic media in rural areas has exploded. Because foreign visual media are associated with urban, morally ambivalent lifestyles, this proliferation has also fuelled moral uncertainties among rural residents. This article suggests that to understand these moral controversies, and their significance in contemporary Solomon Islands, it is crucial to account for the mobility of digital media files offline and alongside the movements of temporary labourers.

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Tabe. "Climate Change Migration and Displacement: Learning from Past Relocations in the Pacific". Social Sciences 8, nr 7 (19.07.2019): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8070218.

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It has been projected that the single greatest impact of environmental changes will be on human migration and displacement. Migration has been extensively discussed and documented as an adaptation strategy in response to environmental changes, and more recently, to climate change. However, forced relocation will lead to the displacement of people, and although much has been written about it, very little has been documented from the Pacific Islands perspective, especially by communities that were forced to relocate as a result of colonialism and those that have been forced to migrate today as a result of climate change impacts. Using the Gilbertese resettlement from the Phoenix Islands to the Solomon Islands, in particular, Wagina Island in the 1960s as a case study of forced relocation and displacement of Pacific Islands people during the colonial period, this paper aims to underline some of the important lessons that can be learned from this historical case to inform the present and future challenges of climate change migration and displacement. Without dismissing migration as a coping strategy, the paper argues that the forced relocation of people from their home islands as a result of climate change will lead to displacement. It accentuates that in the case of Pacific Islands, forced relocation will lead to displacement if they are forced to leave their land because of their deep relationship and attachment to it. The paper also emphasizes the need to acknowledge and honor Pacific Islands’ voices and perceptions in discourses on climate change migration and displacement at national, regional and international forums.

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Sparke, Vanessa L., David MacLaren, Dorothy Esau i Caryn West. "Exploring infection prevention and control knowledge and beliefs in the Solomon Islands using Photovoice". PLOS Global Public Health 2, nr 11 (29.11.2022): e0000680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000680.

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Healthcare associated infections are the most common complication of a person’s hospital stay. Contemporary infection prevention and control programs are universally endorsed to prevent healthcare associated infections. However, western biomedical science on which contemporary infection prevention and control is based, is not the only way that staff and patients within healthcare settings understand disease causation and/or disease transmission. This results paper reports on one aspect of a study which ascertains perceptions of disease transmission and how these influence infection prevention and control practice at Atoifi Adventist Hospital Solomon Islands. Photovoice was used as the primary data collection method with staff and patients. The germ theory and hospital hygiene processes were only one of many explanations of disease transmission at the hospital. Many social, cultural and spiritual influences played an important role in how people understood disease to be transmitted. Although infection prevention and control models based on western science continue to form the premise of reducing healthcare associated infections in Solomon Islands and locations across the globe, local social, cultural and spiritual beliefs need to be considered when planning and implementing infection prevention and control programs to ensure success.

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Lake, Susanna J., Sophie L. Phelan, Daniel Engelman, Oliver Sokana, Titus Nasi, Dickson Boara, Christina Gorae i in. "Protocol for a cluster-randomised non-inferiority trial of one versus two doses of ivermectin for the control of scabies using a mass drug administration strategy (the RISE study)". BMJ Open 10, nr 8 (sierpień 2020): e037305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037305.

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IntroductionScabies is a significant contributor to global morbidity, affecting approximately 200 million people at any time. Scabies is endemic in many resource-limited tropical settings. Bacterial skin infection (impetigo) frequently complicates scabies infestation in these settings. Community-wide ivermectin-based mass drug administration (MDA) is an effective control strategy for scabies in island settings, with a single round of MDA reducing population prevalence by around 90%. However, current two-dose regimens present a number of barriers to programmatic MDA implementation. We designed the Regimens of Ivermectin for Scabies Elimination (RISE) trial to investigate whether one-dose MDA may be as effective as two-dose MDA in controlling scabies in high-prevalence settings.Methods and analysisRISE is a cluster-randomised non-inferiority trial. The study will be conducted in 20 isolated villages in Western Province of Solomon Islands where population prevalence of scabies is approximately 20%. Villages will be randomly allocated to receive either one dose or two doses of ivermectin-based MDA in a 1:1 ratio. The primary objective of the study is to determine if ivermectin-based MDA with one dose is as effective as MDA with two doses in reducing the prevalence of scabies after 12 months. Secondary objectives include the effect of ivermectin-based MDA on impetigo prevalence after 12 and 24 months, the prevalence of scabies at 24 months after the intervention, the impact on presentation to health facilities with scabies and impetigo, and the safety of one-dose and two-dose MDA.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by the ethics review committees of the Solomon Islands and the Royal Children's Hospital, Australia. Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and in meetings with the Solomon Islands Ministry of Health and Medical Services and participating communities.Trial registration detailsAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12618001086257. Date registered: 28 June 2018.

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King, Julie, Nicole Edwards, Hanna Watling i Sara Hair. "Barriers to disability-inclusive disaster management in the Solomon Islands: Perspectives of people with disability". International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 34 (marzec 2019): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.12.017.

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Quinn, Brendan, Elizabeth Peach, Cassandra J. C. Wright, Megan S. C. Lim, Lisa Davidson i Paul Dietze. "Alcohol and other substance use among a sample of young people in the Solomon Islands". Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 41, nr 4 (14.06.2017): 358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12669.

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Brown, Terry M. "Transcending the colonial gaze: Empathy, agency and community in the South Pacific photography of John Watt Beattie1". Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies 8, nr 2 (1.12.2020): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nzps_00035_1.

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For three months in 1906, John Watt Beattie, the noted Australian photographer – at the invitation of the Anglican Bishop of Melanesia, Cecil Wilson – travelling on the church vessel the Southern Cross, photographed people and sites associated with the Melanesian Mission on Norfolk Island and present-day Vanuatu and Solomon Islands. Beattie reproduced many of the 1500-plus photographs from that trip, which he sold in various formats from his photographic studio in Hobart, Tasmania. The photographs constitute a priceless collection of Pacific images that began to be used very quickly in a variety of publications, with or without attribution. I shall examine some of these photographs in the context of the ethos of the Melanesian Mission, British colonialism in the Solomon Islands, and Beattie’s previous photographic experience. I shall argue that Beattie first exhibited a colonial gaze of objectifying his dehumanized exotic subjects (e.g. as ‘savages’ and ‘cannibals’) but with increased familiarity with them, became empathetic and admiring. In this change of attitude, I argue that he effectively transcended his colonial gaze to produce photographs of great empathy, beauty and longevity. At the same time, he became more critical of the colonial enterprise in the Pacific, whether government, commercial or church.

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Lavery, Tyrone H., i John Fasi. "Buying through your teeth: traditional currency and conservation of flying foxes Pteropus spp. in Solomon Islands". Oryx 53, nr 3 (16.10.2017): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605317001004.

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AbstractGlobally, island bats are vulnerable to subsistence hunting, with widespread population declines, local extirpations and extinctions. Bats are important to the ecological functioning of remote oceanic islands, and thus the sustainable management of hunting of flying foxes Pteropus spp. is a conservation priority in the Pacific. In Solomon Islands people hunt flying foxes for bushmeat and their canine teeth, which are used as traditional currency. The value of teeth potentially increases hunting pressure on species of Pteropus. We interviewed 197 people on Makira Island to determine the nature of this use and how it may influence flying-fox populations. We asked questions to gather information about hunting practices, the value of canine teeth, utilization of traditional currency, and population trends of Pteropus. Flying-fox teeth remain highly valued on Makira. It is primarily the teeth of P. tonganus that are used rather than those of the smaller P. cognatus. Although flying foxes are not targeted solely for their teeth, this added value seemingly drives hunters to focus on P. tonganus. Hunting varied across five regions of Makira and high hunting pressure corresponded with perceived rarity of P. tonganus. Regions with low hunting pressure may be opportune locations to initiate flying-fox conservation on Makira.

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Furusawa, Takuro. "Changing Ethnobotanical Knowledge of the Roviana People, Solomon Islands: Quantitative Approaches to its Correlation with Modernization". Human Ecology 37, nr 2 (17.03.2009): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10745-009-9223-8.

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KAMEUBUN, KONSTANTINA M. B., ROSANIA REHIARA i FRANS DEMINGGUS. "Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Diwoka (Piper Macropiper Pennant) oleh Suku Dani, Wamena". Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia 8, nr 1 (12.03.2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jipi.v8i1.1134.

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Ethnobotanical and taxonomical studies are conducted to uncover the scientific name, uses as well as utilization of Diwoka (local name) popular to the Dani people in Wamena. The local name, Diwoka, is determined by its scientific name Piper macropiper Pennant. Piper macropiper has been used by the Dani people to serve as spices when foods are cooked traditionally by stone-fired earth oven (bakarbatu) or prepared in other ways such as stir-frying vegetables, fish, and meat. The leaves can be consumed uncooked the way salad is consumed beside it is functioned as medicine as well. The distribution of this type of plant is found in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Australia (Northern territory), Brunei, and Sri Lanka

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Hauriasi, Abraham, Karen Van-Peursem i Howard Davey. "Budget processes in the Anglican Church of Melanesia: an emergent ethnic identity". Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 29, nr 8 (17.10.2016): 1294–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-07-2015-2112.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate ethnic identities emerging from the budgetary processes of the Anglican Church of Melanesia (COM) – the Solomon Islands. Design/methodology/approach An interpretive and case-based methodology is employed. Fieldwork consists of 27 interviews, document analysis and lived-observations. Ethnic identity and concepts of the indigenous culture inform the analysis. Findings Findings demonstrate how Church-led practices merge with indigenous processes and how, together, members negotiate their way through this complex budgeting process. A broadened network and community (wantok) is revealed, and through a sympathetic melding of Melanesian and Church tradition, a new ethnic-identity emerges. Issues of parishioners’ isolation, women’s roles and central accountability are not, as yet, fully integrated into this emerging identity. Research limitations/implications There may be value in prioritising “people” over “timelines”, “discussion” over “deadlines” and in respecting local traditions in order to nurture the foundation for new identities. Also, and as evidenced, “nationhood” should not be assumed to be a powerful force in defining ethnic identity. Practical implications The value of respecting the complex interaction between tribal tradition and Church values by those in power is revealed. Social implications “Ethnic identity” is revealed as a complex notion in the Solomon Islands Anglican COM. Originality/value A long-isolated culture’s construction of self-identity in the context of the COM is revealed.

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Barker, Gary M., Gilianne Brodie, Lia Bogitini i Helen Pippard. "Diversity and current conservation status of Melanesian–New Zealand placostyline land snails (Gastropoda : Bothriembryontidae), with discussion of conservation imperatives, priorities and methodology issues". Pacific Conservation Biology 22, nr 3 (2016): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc14929.

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We review the diversity and conservation status of Placostylinae, land snails endemic to the western Pacific. Their narrow-range endemism, large size and associated vulnerability, consumptive exploitation by people, and habitat loss and degradation (inclusive of invasive predators) threaten their survival. There has been considerable attention from conservation biologists in New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island and New Zealand aimed at species recovery. Nonetheless, only on uninhabited, pest-free islands do these native snails persist in high numbers, and these remaining ‘sanctuaries’ are dependent on biosecurity vigilance. For other populations in New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island and New Zealand, the benefits of control of invasive mesopredators have been demonstrated, but it remains unclear if long-term persistence of Placostylinae can be achieved in degraded landscapes that continue to be subject to anthropogenic pressures. For species in Fiji, Vanuatu, and the Solomon Islands – the centre of Placostylinae diversity – their conservation status is not known with any certainty due to lack of basic data on range and population trends. Recent IUCN Red List assessments indicate a high level of extinction risk among Fijian species due to narrow geographic range coupled with decline in habitat extent and quality. Further inventory and ecological work is urgently needed in the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to enable assessment of extinction risk and identify threatening processes. We identify four priority areas for advancing the conservation of Placostylinae, especially in Melanesia, and discuss the most pressing methodological issues. Molecular phylogenetic analyses are needed to provide an evolutionary framework for taxonomic revision and to underpin development of both conservation policy and species recovery plans.

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White, Geoffrey. "The Last White Canoe of the Lau of Malaita, Solomon Islands By: PierreMaranda, James TuitaDede and BenBurt. Canon Pyon: Sean Kingston Publishing. 2022 pp: 112 Price: £235.40". Oceania 93, nr 1 (marzec 2023): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ocea.5357.

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Thomas, Allan. ": Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People of the Solomon Islands . Raymond Firth, Mervyn McLean." American Anthropologist 94, nr 4 (grudzień 1992): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1992.94.4.02a00570.

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Miskelly, MPP, Reiko, Will Parks, PhD, Nawshad Ahmed, PhD, Asenaca Vakacegu, MA, Katherine Gilber, MPP i Tim Sutton, MA. "Monitoring the early response to a humanitarian crisis: The use of an Omnibus Survey in the Solomon Islands". Journal of Emergency Management 7, nr 5 (1.09.2009): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2009.0022.

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On April 2, 2007, an earthquake followed by a tsunami hit islands in Western and Choiseul Provinces of Solomon Islands. More than 36,500 people living in 304 communities were affected. Alongside other United Nations agencies, International and National Non-Government Organizations and Faith- Based Organizations, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has played a significant role in the emergency response. UNICEF mobilized staff and resources guided by the agency’s Core Commitment for Children in Emergencies (CCCs). Dialogue with government counterparts and partners led to an initial 6-month Emergency Management Plan (EMP) enabling coordination of UNICEF’s response to the needs of the affected population. This article describes the use of a rapid monitoring tool—the Omnibus Survey— designed to measure initial EMP targets for key child survival interventions 10 weeks after April 2. The article begins with an overview of UNICEF’s role in declared emergencies. A background to the April 2 disaster and UNICEF’s early work with partners is then provided, followed by an explanation of the Omnibus Survey. Immediate implications of the survey’s findings for UNICEF’s ongoing assistance are discussed together with broader lessons learned when preparing for and managing humanitarian crises in the Pacific.

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Albert, Simon, Kirsten Abernethy, Badin Gibbes, Alistair Grinham, Nixon Tooler i Shankar Aswani. "Cost-Effective Methods for Accurate Determination of Sea Level Rise Vulnerability: A Solomon Islands Example". Weather, Climate, and Society 5, nr 4 (1.10.2013): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-13-00010.1.

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Abstract For millions of people living along the coastal fringe, sea level rise is perhaps the greatest threat to livelihoods over the coming century. With the refinement and downscaling of global climate models and increasing availability of airborne-lidar-based inundation models, it is possible to predict and quantify these threats with reasonable accuracy where such information is available. For less developed countries, especially small island states, access to high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from lidar is limited. The only freely available DEMs that could be used for inundation modeling by these nations are those based on data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). These data, with a horizontal resolution of ≈90 m and a vertical accuracy of ±5–10 m, are generally unsuitable for local-scale planning and adaption projects. To address this disparity, low-cost ground-based techniques were tested and applied to accurately determine coastal topography in the Solomon Islands. This method had a significantly improved vertical accuracy (±2 cm) and was readily learned by local community members, who were able to independently map and determine the vulnerability of their costal community to inundation from sea level rise. For areas where lidar is not economically viable, this method is intended to provide an important balance of cost, simplicity, accuracy, and local participation that can assist remote coastal communities with coastal planning decisions. The method can enhance local capacity and arguably promotes more meaningful local engagement in sea level rise planning and adaptation activities.

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FACEY, ELLEN E. "RAYMOND FIRTH with MERVYN MCLEAN,Tikopia Songs: Poetic and musical art of a Polynesian people of the Solomon Islands". Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie 30, nr 1 (luty 1993): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-618x.1993.tb02490.x.

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LOVE, JACOB WAINWRIGHT. "Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People of the Solomon Islands . RAYMOND FIRTH, with MERVYN MCLEAN". American Ethnologist 21, nr 4 (listopad 1994): 1033–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.1994.21.4.02a01470.

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Tulius, Juniator. "LESSON FROM THE PAST, KNOWLEDGE FOR THE FUTURE: ROLES OF HUMAN MEMORIES IN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI NARRATIVES IN MENTAWAI, INDONESIA". Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya 10, nr 2 (31.08.2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v10i2.396.

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Oral traditions are an important part of the culture of most Indonesian communities. Mentawai, an ethnic group residing in Mentawai Islands of Indonesia, has various genres of oral tradition. Traditional knowledge and local wisdom pertaining to natural disasters are also part of their oral tradition. Mentawai Islands are located along active tectonic plates, where earthquakes commonly occur at various magnitudes. Records show that great earthquakes and tsunamis hit Mentawai Islands several times in 1797, 1833, 2007, and 2010. Surprisingly, earthquakes occurring some hundred years ago do not seem to appear in Mentawai oral tradition. This is slightly different from communities in Simeulue, Solomon, and Andaman Islands whose natives still remember some devastating catastrophes that occurred in the past. People’s collective memories play an important role in upholding significant messages from past natural disasters. Some of those messages contain important lessons on how to cope with natural disasters if they should occur again. As a result, the majority of inhabitants of those islands survived future catastrophes because they remembered the lessons contained in their oral tradition. This is totally different in Mentawai where more than 500 people died during the 2010 earthquake and tsunami. Because of this, the Mentawai case becomes an interesting topic of study. This paper aims, therefore, to find out the reasons behind this apparent lack of oral tradition pertaining to the earthquakes and tsunamis that occurred several hundred years ago.

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Yanagawa, Manami, Ben Gwali, Henry Kako, Noel Itogo, Lia Tanabose i Fukushi Morishita. "Epidemiology of and programmatic response to tuberculosis in Solomon Islands: analysis of surveillance data, 2016–2022". Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal 15, nr 1 (31.03.2024): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5365/wpsar.2024.15.1.1106.

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Objective: To identify progress and challenges in the national response to tuberculosis (TB) in Solomon Islands through an epidemiological overview of TB in the country. Methods: A descriptive analysis was conducted using the national TB surveillance data for 2016–2022. Case notifications, testing data, treatment outcomes and screening activities were analysed. Results: The number of case notifications was 343 in 2022, with an average annual reduction of the case notification rate between 2016 and 2022 of 4.7%. The highest case notification rate was reported by Honiara City Council (126/100 000 population) in 2022. The number of people with presumptive TB tested by Xpert® rapidly increased from zero in 2016 to 870 in 2022. Treatment success rate remained consistently high between 2016 and 2022, ranging from 92% to 96%. Screening for HIV and diabetes mellitus (DM) among TB patients in 2022 was 14% and 38%, respectively. Most patients (97%) were hospitalized during the intensive phase of treatment in 2022; in contrast, during the continuation phase, the proportion of patients treated at the community level increased from 1% in 2016 to 63% in 2022. Despite an increase in household contact investigations, from 381 in 2016 to 707 in 2021, the uptake of TB preventive treatment (TPT) was minimal (7% among eligible child contacts). Discussion: This epidemiological analysis in Solomon Islands reveals both notable achievements and challenges in the country’s TB programme. One major achievement is a potential actual reduction in TB incidence. Challenges identified were potential underdetection of cases in rural areas, suboptimal community-based care, and insufficient contact tracing and uptake of TPT. It is crucial to address these challenges (e.g. by optimizing resources) to advance the national TB response.

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Kere, N. K., A. D. Parkinson i W. A. Samrawickerema. "THE EFFECT OF PERMETHRIN IMPREGNATED BEDNETS ON THE INCIDENCE OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM IN CHILDREN OF NORTH GUADALCANAL, SOLOMON ISLANDS". Pediatrics 95, nr 6 (1.06.1995): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.95.6.828.

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Kere and colleagues were able to demonstrate significant reductions in the incidence of malaria (Plasmodium falciparum) in children under the age of 10 years with the use of permethrin impregnated bednets. Eight hundred and sixty (860) people in 23 villages were given impregnated bednets and were compared with 520 people in 20 villages from a contiguous area who served as a control population. Incidences were based on mass blood screenings with thick and thin blood films examined conventionally. Greater nighttime outdoor exposure of adults resulted in less impressive improvements than in children, who were more likely to be under the bednet during peak mosquito biting time. In addition to reductions in malarial incidence in children, febrile episodes in children were reduced in frequency as well as the number of Anopheles farauti mosquitoes themselves. Survival of trapped mosquitoes was shown to be significantly reduced in the bednet homes compared with the control area, leading to the authors' conclusions that the nets not only protect people, but kill mosquitoes as well. Protection by the nets continued to be satisfactory for up to 1 year after permethrin treatment.

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