Zaloguj się

Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Lasers à pompage diode / Artykuły w czasopismach

Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Lasers à pompage diode”

Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: Lasers à pompage diode.

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 25 maja 2024

Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych

Wybierz rodzaj źródła:

Sprawdź 50 najlepszych artykułów w czasopismach naukowych na temat „Lasers à pompage diode”.

Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.

Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.

Przeglądaj artykuły w czasopismach z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.

1

Alfianda, Alfianda, Muhammad Amin i Risnawati Risnawati. "Perancangan Pengisian Pada Dispenser Dengan Memanfaatkan Sensor Dan Embedded System". J-Com (Journal of Computer) 1, nr 2 (31.07.2021): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33330/j-com.v2i1.1246.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract: Nowadays, almost all of them use a dispenser, because of its practicality. But behind that there are several things that make the dispenser less efficient when taking drinking water from the glass, because the user has to press or turn the water tap in the dispenser. The working system of this tool is where the machine will run according to the commands obtained from the laser diode and the LDR sensor, the laser diode will reflect light that leads to the LDR. when the light reflected by the laser diode to the LDR is cut, it can be interpreted that the LDR and the laser diode detect or read the presence of an object in the form of a glass, automatically the two sensors instruct the controller to activate the water pump and the water pump will work to remove the water which will be filled in the glass that is placed in the dispenser with the volume of the glass used, the filling process and the end of filling will be displayed by the LCD and when filling the water the glass is full there will be a warning from the buzzer in the form of a sound. Users no longer need to press or turn the water tap when taking water from the dispenser using a glass. Keywords: Dispensers;LDR Sensor;Diode Laser and Tools Abstrak: Pada saat ini masyarakat sekarang sudah hampir semuanya menggunakan dispenser, karena kepraktisan. Namun dibalik itu semua ada beberapa hal yang membuat dispenser kurang efisien saat mengambil air minum pada gelas, karena pengguna harus menekan atau memutar keran air yang ada pada dispenser. Sistem kerja dari alat ini ialah dimana mesin akan berjalan sesuai dengan perintah yang didapat dari Dioda laser dan sensor LDR, Dioda laser akan memantulkan cahaya yang mengarah pada LDR, pada saat cahaya yang dipantulkan Dioda laser ke LDR terpotong maka dapat diartikan LDR dan Dioda laser mendeteksi atau membaca adanya benda berupa gelas, secara otomatis kedua sensor tersebut memerintahkan controller mengaktifkan pompa air dan pompa air akan bekerja mengeluarkan air yang akan diisikan pada gelas yang diletakkan pada dispenser dengan volume gelas yang digunakan, proses pengisian dan akhir pengisian akan ditampilkan oleh LCD dan saat pengisian air pada gelas penuh akan ada peringatan dari buzzer berupa bunyi. Pengguna tidak perlu lagi menekan atau memutar keran air saat mengambil air pada dispenser menggunakan gelas. Kata Kunci : Dispenser;Sensor LDR;Dioda Laser dan Alat

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

2

Baumann, Melissa G. D., John C. Wright, Arthur B. Ellis, Thomas Kuech i George C. Lisensky. "Diode lasers". Journal of Chemical Education 69, nr 2 (luty 1992): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed069p89.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

3

Guillemot, Lauren, Pavel Loiko, Alain Braud, Thomas Godin, Ammar Hideur i Patrice Camy. "Les lasers thulium à 2300 NM : Avancées et perspectives". Photoniques, nr 109 (lipiec 2021): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/photon/202110935.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Cet article dresse un état des lieux des dernières avancées dans le domaine des lasers dopés aux ions thulium émettant dans le proche infrarouge autour de 2.3 μm. Il présente les verrous liés à l’oscillation laser de l’ion thulium sur la transition 3H4 → 3H5 et les solutions prometteuses envisagees pour les contourner en s’appuyant notamment sur un mécanisme de pompage par upconversion particulièrement efficace dans certains matériaux.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

4

MANNI, JEFF. "Surgical Diode Lasers". Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery 10, nr 5 (październik 1992): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/clm.1992.10.377.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

5

Vasil’ev, Peter. "Ultrafast Diode Lasers". Optical Engineering 35, nr 8 (1.08.1996): 2439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.600817.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

6

Johnson, Noble M., Arto V. Nurmikko i Steven P. DenBaars. "Blue Diode Lasers". Physics Today 53, nr 10 (październik 2000): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1325190.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

7

Aubert, J. J., Ch Wyon, A. Cassimi, V. Hardy i J. Hamel. "UN laser solide accordable pompe par diode". Optics Communications 69, nr 3-4 (styczeń 1989): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(89)90120-x.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

8

Voropai, E. S., K. F. Ermalitskaia, F. A. Ermalitski, A. E. Rad’ko, N. V. Rzheutsky i M. P. Samtsov. "COMPACT PICOSECOND DIODE LASERS". Instruments and Experimental Techniques 65, nr 1 (luty 2022): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020441222010213.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

9

Lozes-Dupuy, F., S. Bonnefont i H. Martinot. "Surface emitting diode lasers". Journal de Physique III 4, nr 12 (grudzień 1994): 2379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp3:1994284.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

10

Hohimer, J. P., G. A. Vawter, D. C. Craft i G. R. Hadley. "Interferometric ring diode lasers". Applied Physics Letters 61, nr 12 (21.09.1992): 1375–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107542.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

11

Coldren, L. A. "Monolithic tunable diode lasers". IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 6, nr 6 (listopad 2000): 988–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2944.902147.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

12

Wenzel, Hans, Bernd Sumpf i Götz Erbert. "High-brightness diode lasers". Comptes Rendus Physique 4, nr 6 (lipiec 2003): 649–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1631-0705(03)00074-4.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

13

Moriarty, A. P. "Diode lasers in ophthalmology". International Ophthalmology 17, nr 6 (1994): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00915734.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

14

Neumark, Gertrude F., Robert M. Park i James M. Depuydt. "Blue‐Green Diode Lasers". Physics Today 47, nr 6 (czerwiec 1994): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.881438.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

15

Abou-Zeid, A. "Diode lasers for interferometry". Precision Engineering 11, nr 3 (lipiec 1989): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-6359(89)90068-8.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

16

Fibrich, M., H. Jelínková, J. Šulc, K. Nejezchleb i V. Škoda. "Diode-pumped Pr:YAP lasers". Laser Physics Letters 8, nr 8 (1.06.2011): 559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lapl.201110025.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

17

Yokoyama, Hiroyuki, Takanori Shimizu, Takashi Ono i Yutaka Yano. "Synchronous Injection Locking Operation of Monolithic Diode Lasers Mode-Locked Diode Lasers". Optical Review 2, nr 2 (maj 1995): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-995-0085-z.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

18

Zhang, Linyu, Xuan Li, Wei Luo, Junce Shi, Kangxun Sun, Meiye Qiu, Zhaoxuan Zheng i in. "Review of 1.55 μm Waveband Integrated External Cavity Tunable Diode Lasers". Photonics 10, nr 11 (20.11.2023): 1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10111287.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The 1.55 μm waveband integrated external cavity tunable diode lasers have excellent merits such as their small volume, low cost, low power consumption, wide tuning range, narrow linewidth, large side mode suppression ratio, and high output power. These merits have attracted many applications for the lasers, such as in wavelength division multiplexing, passive optical networks, mobile backhaul, and spectral sensing technology. In this paper, firstly, the basic structure and principle of integrated external cavity tunable diode lasers are introduced, and then two main integrated structures of 1.55 μm waveband external cavity tunable diode lasers are reviewed and compared in detail, namely the hybrid integrated structure and monolithic integrated structure of 1.55 μm waveband integrated external cavity tunable diode lasers. Finally, the research progress in 1.55 μm waveband integrated external cavity tunable diode lasers in the last decade are summarised, and the advantages and disadvantages of 1.55 μm waveband integrated external cavity tunable diode lasers are analysed. The results show that, with the transformation of optical communication into more complex modulation formats, it is necessary to integrate miniature 1.55 μm waveband external cavity tunable diode lasers. Low-cost integrated 1.55 μm waveband external cavity tunable diode lasers are expected to be used in the next generation of optical transceivers in small-factor modules.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

19

Kher, Udatta. "Diode Lasers: The Cutting Edge". International Journal of Laser Dentistry 1, nr 1 (2011): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10022-1008.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

20

Tino, G. M. "Atomic spectroscopy with diode lasers". Physica Scripta T51 (1.01.1994): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1994/t51/008.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

21

Hadley, G. "Injection locking of diode lasers". IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 22, nr 3 (marzec 1986): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1986.1072979.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

22

Whitehead, D. G., A. V. Polijanczuk i P. M. Beckett. "Semiconductor Diode Lasers for Soldering". Microelectronics International 9, nr 2 (luty 1992): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb044566.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

23

Bijlani, Bhavin J., i Amr S. Helmy. "Bragg reflection waveguide diode lasers". Optics Letters 34, nr 23 (30.11.2009): 3734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.34.003734.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

24

Yanovsky, V. P., A. Korytin, F. W. Wise, A. Cassanho i H. P. Jenssen. "Femtosecond diode-pumped Cr:LiSGAF lasers". IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 2, nr 3 (1996): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2944.571745.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

25

Imasaka, T. "Diode lasers in analytical chemistry". Talanta 48, nr 2 (luty 1999): 305–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-9140(98)00244-6.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

26

Bowman, S. R., S. O’Connor i N. J. Condon. "Diode pumped yellow dysprosium lasers". Optics Express 20, nr 12 (23.05.2012): 12906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.012906.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

27

Malcolm, G. P. A., i A. I. Ferguson. "Diode-pumped solid-state lasers". Contemporary Physics 32, nr 5 (wrzesień 1991): 305–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00107519108223704.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

28

TÖNSHOFF, H. K., A. BERNDT, M. STÜRMER, D. GOLLA i J. SCHUMACHER. "Diode lasers for material processing". Le Journal de Physique IV 04, nr C4 (kwiecień 1994): C4–59—C4–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1994411.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

29

YU, J. "Diode-lasers : développements et applications". Le Journal de Physique IV 04, nr C4 (kwiecień 1994): C4–610—C4–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:19944160.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

30

Yang, Yonfeng, B. K. Garside i P. E. Jessop. "Heterolayer lead-salt diode lasers". Canadian Journal of Physics 65, nr 8 (1.08.1987): 999–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p87-160.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Hot-wall epitaxy (HWE) has been used to grow heterostructure lead-salt materials from which low-threshold tunable diode lasers have been made. A new HWE structure consisting of a Pb(Se, Te) layer sandwiched between two lattice-matched (Pb, Sn)Te layers has resulted in lasers of good electrical and material quality, and threshold current densities as low as 200 A∙cm−2 (at 40 K). This occurred even though this structure is expected to be nonconfining to both light and electrical carriers. This result is due to the very rapid interdiffusion of dopant atoms between the epilayers during the growth process. Dopant interdiffusion has been investigated using an etch-back technique combined with hot-point probe measurements to observe changes in the doping profiles of the structures. Very large values for the diffusion constants of dopants have been deduced from these measurements: 2.3 × 10−15 and 1.1 × 10−15 cm2∙s−1 for Bi and Tl, respectively.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

31

Ripley, P. M. "The physics of diode lasers". Lasers In Medical Science 11, nr 2 (czerwiec 1996): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02133204.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

32

Luft, Axel, i Tobias Stittgen. "Diode Lasers and Remote Welding". Laser Technik Journal 11, nr 5 (listopad 2014): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/latj.201400052.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

33

Molitor, Thomas. "Thermal Spraying with Diode Lasers". Laser Technik Journal 14, nr 3 (czerwiec 2017): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/latj.201700016.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

34

KOHL, MARTIN. "Tiny Lasers: Diode Lasers for Portable Miniaturized Diagnostic Tools". Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery 13, nr 2 (kwiecień 1995): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/clm.1995.13.111.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

35

Henini, Mohamed. "A new breed of diode lasers: Surface emitting lasers". III-Vs Review 9, nr 4 (sierpień 1996): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0961-1290(96)80235-3.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

36

Puska, Päivi, i Ahti Tarkkanen. "Therapy-resistant Inflammatory Glaucoma – 647nm Krypton and 670nm Diode Lasers for Transscleral Contact Cyclophotocoagulation". European Ophthalmic Review 03, nr 01 (2009): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/eor.2009.03.01.29.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Only a few reports exist on the treatment of therapy-resistant inflammatory glaucoma with contact transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (CPC), and only one in which the red 647nm krypton or 670nm diode lasers are used. The lasers most frequently employed in clinical practice are the 810nm diode and the 1,064nm neodynium:yttrium–aluminium–garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers. Although transmission through the sclera is lower with the red 647nm krypton and 670nm diode lasers than with the infrared 810nm diode and Nd:YAG lasers, this is compensated for by using contact application and compressing the sclera with the probe. Also, the red lasers have a higher affinity for the pigment epithelium of the pars plicata. Transscleral red laser CPC has proved to be an effective, simple and well tolerated procedure for the treatment of therapy-resistant inflammatory glaucoma, particularly in adults.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

37

DONETSKY, D. V., R. U. MARTINELLI i G. L. BELENKY. "MID-INFRARED GaSb-BASED LASERS WITH TYPE-I HETEROINTERFACES". International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 12, nr 04 (grudzień 2002): 1025–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156402001903.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The design of room-temperature, InGaAsSb/AlGaAsSb diode lasers has evolved from the first double-heterojunction lasers described in 1980 that operated in the pulsed-current mode to present-day continuous–wave (CW), high-power, quantum–well diode lasers. We discuss in detail recent results from type-I-heterostructure, GaSb-based CW room-temperature diode lasers. The devices operate within the wavelength range of 1.8 to 2.7 μm, providing output powers up to several Watts. We analyze the factors limiting device performance.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

38

Nadezhdinskii, A. I., i Ya Ya Ponurovskii. "Quantum noise of diode laser radiation". Laser Physics 33, nr 5 (16.03.2023): 055001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/acc23d.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Semiconductors lasers from several manufacturers have been investigated. Rate equations were proposed to describe the dynamics and explain the mechanisms of the appearance of quantum noise in diode lasers. Stationary solutions of the rate equations were obtained. For the lasers under study, the threshold currents and the number of photons at the threshold are obtained. Four mechanisms of the quantum noises appearance were described: Poisson noises of the photons, Poisson noises of the electrons, shot noises of the pump current, and quantum noise of the radiation field. The photon lifetimes for the investigated diode lasers have been determined. The shot noise of the pumping current does not play a significant role. The Poisson noise of photons is responsible for the maximum noise at the generation threshold of a diode laser. The analysis of quantum noises of quantum-cascade diode lasers is carried out.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

39

Brown, Calum M., Daisy K. E. Dickinson i Philip J. W. Hands. "Diode pumping of liquid crystal lasers". Optics & Laser Technology 140 (sierpień 2021): 107080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2021.107080.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

40

Beyer, T., i M. Tacke. "Antireflection coatings for PbSe diode lasers". Applied Physics Letters 73, nr 9 (31.08.1998): 1191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122368.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

41

Scheps, Richard. "Efficient laser diode pumped Nd lasers". Applied Optics 28, nr 1 (1.01.1989): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.28.000089.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

42

Hardy, Amos, i William Streifer. "Analysis of phased-array diode lasers". Optics Letters 10, nr 7 (1.07.1985): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.10.000335.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

43

Watts, R. N., i C. E. Wieman. "Manipulating atomic velocities using diode lasers". Optics Letters 11, nr 5 (1.05.1986): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.11.000291.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

44

SHAN, Xiaonan, Chao CHEN, Xingkai LANG, Yongyi CHEN, Yubing WANG, Peng JIA, Lijun WANG, Yongqiang NING, Li QIN i Lei LIANG. "Advances in narrow linewidth diode lasers". SCIENTIA SINICA Informationis 49, nr 6 (1.06.2019): 649–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/n112018-00345.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

45

SUN Sheng-ming, 孙胜明, 范. 杰. FAN Jie, 徐. 莉. XU Li, 邹永刚 ZOU Yong-gang, 杨晶晶 YANG Jing-jing i 龚春阳 GONG Chun-yang. "Progress of tapered semiconductor diode lasers". Chinese Optics 12, nr 1 (2019): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/co.20191201.0048.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

46

Coldren, Larry A. "Diode Lasers and Photonic Integrated Circuits". Optical Engineering 36, nr 2 (1.02.1997): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.601191.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

47

Alcock, A. J., i J. E. Bernard. "Diode-pumped grazing incidence slab lasers". IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 3, nr 1 (1997): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2944.585806.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

48

Jackson, S. D., M. Pollnau i Jianfeng Li. "Diode Pumped Erbium Cascade Fiber Lasers". IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 47, nr 4 (kwiecień 2011): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.2010.2091256.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

49

Won, Rachel. "The bio-mission of diode lasers". Nature Photonics 9, nr 12 (27.11.2015): 786–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2015.237.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

50

Hughes, D. W., i J. R. M. Barr. "Laser diode pumped solid state lasers". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 25, nr 4 (14.04.1992): 563–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/25/4/001.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Oferujemy zniżki na wszystkie plany premium dla autorów, których prace zostały uwzględnione w tematycznych zestawieniach literatury. Skontaktuj się z nami, aby uzyskać unikalny kod promocyjny!