Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Label of origin”
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Malott, Krista M., Kathryn P. Alessandria, Kirkpatrick Megan i Carandang Justine. "Ethnic Labeling in Mexican-Origin Youth: A Qualitative Assessment". Professional School Counseling 12, nr 5 (czerwiec 2009): 2156759X0901200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156759x0901200505.
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Outcomes are reported from a qualitative investigation addressing ethnic label selection, meaning, use, and influences upon Mexican-origin youth. Participants selected multiple labels with distinct meanings and influences. Findings indicate a need for school counselors to honor student label selection and to advocate for variable label use by school professionals and in school documentation. School counselors can provide resources and venues to facilitate student exploration of ethnic labels, as one key component of ethnic identity development.
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Velčovská, Š., i T. Sadílek. "Analysis of quality labels included in the European Union quality schemes". Czech Journal of Food Sciences 32, No. 2 (22.04.2014): 194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/189/2013-cjfs.
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We analysed the use of European Union schemes of Protected Designation of Origin, Protected Geographical Indication and Traditional Speciality Guaranteed labels in the European Union market according to selected criteria including type of label, country of origin, and product classes. The first part of the paper deals with the definition of food quality, quality labels, and European Union quality scheme specification. The second part includes the discussion of marketing research results. Secondary data from the Database of Origin and Registration are used. The sample consists of 1146 labels registered in this database as to the 28<sup>th</sup> of March 2013. The frequency of label utilisation is analysed according to country, type of label, and product classes, while the cluster analysis is also applied. Pearson’s chi-squared test of independence is used to determine if significant differences exist between the frequency of using the labels and the above-mentioned criteria.
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Li, Chenguang, Junfei Bai, Zhifeng Gao i Jiangyuan Fu. "Willingness to pay for “taste of Europe”: geographical origin labeling controversy in China". British Food Journal 119, nr 8 (7.08.2017): 1897–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-11-2016-0580.
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Purpose Continuing economic growth in emerging markets offers large market opportunities to producers and marketers worldwide; however, market failures due to asymmetric information are often seen when high-quality products enter these “new markets” where recognition rates among consumers are low. The use of “geographical origin” labels as quality signals to overcome asymmetric information problem plays an important role. The purpose of this paper is to compare consumers’ perception and willingness to pay (WTP) for different levels of geographic origin labels to provide insights to the strategic use of origin labels in emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach A consumer survey on geographic labeling for imported dairy products was carried out in Beijing, China in May 2015. Under the “products of European Union (EU)” range, the authors used “product of Ireland” as a case study for the country-specific origin label. Information on consumer demographic, dairy consumption, safety perceptions, knowledge on Ireland and Irish products, as well as WTP for different geographic labeling and product attributes were collected from 307 face-to-face interviews. WTP was elicited using double-bounded contingent valuation method, and estimated with maximum log-likelihood function. Findings The authors found that consumers are willing to pay premium prices for both of these geographical origin indicators, but the EU label had slightly higher WTP results. However, the controversial situation is that although the EU label has a better chance than the country-specific label in signaling premium quality to Chinese consumers, EU labeling at its best signals an average quality across the EU counties. For premium products with above average quality, using generic EU labeling has a potential drawback to the establishment of product differentiation. Originality/value This study is the first to evaluate Chinese consumers’ WTP for EU generic origin label for dairy products in comparison to country-specific origin label. Findings of the study have immediate policy and marketing implications in emerging markets.
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Prorok, Mary, i David S. Lawrence. "An affinity label of absolute peptidic origin". Journal of the American Chemical Society 112, nr 23 (listopad 1990): 8626–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00179a081.
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Parsons, Andrew G., Paul W. Ballantine i Helene Wilkinson. "Country-of-origin and private-label merchandise". Journal of Marketing Management 28, nr 5-6 (maj 2012): 594–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0267257x.2010.549197.
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Krasnitska, G. M. "HISTORICAL PREREQUISITES FOR THE ORIGIN OF LABEL". Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, series Historical Sciences, nr 2 (2021): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-5984/2021/2.23.
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Bimbo, Francesco, Luigi Roselli, Domenico Carlucci i Bernardo Corrado de Gennaro. "Consumer Misuse of Country-of-Origin Label: Insights from the Italian Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Market". Nutrients 12, nr 7 (19.07.2020): 2150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072150.
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Providing information to consumers through the label is a means for food companies to inform consumers about product’s attributes, including the country of origin (COO). In the EU, COO labeling has been made mandatory for several categories of food products, to enable consumers to make informed choices at the point of sale. In particular, Regulation (EU) No 29/2012 has introduced a mandatory country-of-origin labeling system for extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). In the present study, conducted in Italy, we test whether there is a price differential associated with the COO information for EVOO. To this end, we employ a hedonic price model and data about the purchase of EVOO products collected from 982 consumers at the supermarket checkout. Having interviewed these consumers, we also assess the share of EVOO consumers that correctly identify the country of origin of the product purchased. Our findings point out that, in Italy, the EVOO with domestic origin, indicated on the label, benefits of a premium price equal to +35% compared to the product labeled as blend of European EVOOs, while a discount of −10.8% is attached to EVOOs from a non-European origin. A significant share of consumers in our sample (19.04%) is, however, unable to correctly identify the origin of the EVOO purchased. This label misuse mostly occurs among consumers who report that they had purchased Italian EVOO, while they had actually purchased a blend of European EVOOs. Female and more highly educated consumers are less likely to misuse label information about the product’s origins.
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Meyerding, Stephan, Anna-Lena Schaffmann i Mira Lehberger. "Consumer Preferences for Different Designs of Carbon Footprint Labelling on Tomatoes in Germany—Does Design Matter?" Sustainability 11, nr 6 (15.03.2019): 1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061587.
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The climate impact of tomato production is an important issue in the sustainability of tomatoes, especially in northern European countries, such as Germany. Communicating the climate impact of products to the consumer is difficult and the design of the label might be the key to its success. For this reason, the present study compares the utilities of six different carbon footprint labels to evaluate which label design works best for the consumer. 598 consumers were surveyed in a representative online choice-experiment. The participants had to choose between tomatoes with different product characteristics, such as origin, price, organic label, and carbon footprint label. A split sample approach was used where each sub-sample with around n = 100 saw a different carbon footprint label design in the choice-experiment. The results suggest that qualitative carbon footprint labels using color-coded traffic light labelling are superior to those that claim climate impact reduction or neutrality, including those that provide more details regarding the climate impact of the product and the company. The latent class analysis with four consumer segments shows that a significant proportion of consumers in Germany would consider a carbon footprint label as an important characteristic.
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Pasco, Michelle C., i Rebecca M. B. White. "A Mixed Methods Approach to Examining Mexican-Origin Adolescents’ Use of Ethnic-Racial Labels in Neighborhood Contexts". Journal of Adolescent Research 35, nr 4 (8.08.2019): 489–520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558419868220.
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We employed a mixed method design to describe Mexican-origin adolescents’ ethnic-racial label usage in the context of ethnically/racially segregated neighborhoods. Data come from three sources: 26 semistructured interviews with 14 Mexican-origin adolescents (mean age = 15.43, SD = 1.22), 64.3% female, living in neighborhood environments predominated by Latinos; neighborhood ( N = 9) data from the U.S. Census Bureau; and systematic social observations of neighborhood block faces ( N = 256). Using Key-Word-In-Context analysis, we found that adolescents used a variety of labels to describe themselves and members of their ethnic-racial group while discussing the strengths and challenges associated with their residential neighborhoods. Semistructured interview themes included adolescents’ references to cultural and social resources within neighborhoods, neighborhood challenges, ethnic-racial biases, and normative developmental processes. We examined label usage across interview themes and neighborhood characteristics derived from the census and systematic social observation data. Two triangulated findings emerged: (a) diversity in ethnic-racial label usage in the context of neighborhood resources and (b) greater restriction to the use of panethnic labels in the context of neighborhood challenges. Our study suggests that adolescents may be internalizing messages and symbols in their neighborhoods in ways that have implications for their ethnic-racial labeling and identity development.
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Czine, Péter, Áron Török, Károly Pető, Péter Horváth i Péter Balogh. "The Impact of the Food Labeling and Other Factors on Consumer Preferences Using Discrete Choice Modeling—The Example of Traditional Pork Sausage". Nutrients 12, nr 6 (12.06.2020): 1768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061768.
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In our study, we examined whether product characteristics indicated by food labels matter in purchasing decisions for sausage made from traditional Hungarian mangalica pork; and how much consumers are willing to pay for them. On the other hand, we also tried to measure whether any changes in consumers’ preferences occurred in recent years. Two product characteristics (label of origin and different mangalica meat content) and two other factors (place of purchase and price) are examined in a discrete choice experiment based on stated preference data. According to our expectations, government-funded consumer campaigns in recent years have had an impact on consumers purchase of this traditional product, and they pay more attention to food labels, which can also be influenced by sociodemographic characteristics. Our results have been compared to a previous choice-model based research, investigating consumers’ attitude towards similar mangalica pork products. Three different types of models (multinomial logit, random parameter logit, and latent class) are employed, from which two types of models account for the heterogeneity in preferences. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the advertisements promoting traditional meat consumption had only a partial effect on consumer attitudes. Consumers clearly prefer the label of origin indicating meat from registered animals and purchasing on the farmers’ market, but according to the indication of the different mangalica meat content in the product, we have already reached conflicting results. Three consumer segments were identified: “price sensitive, loyal to label, label neutral” based on latent class model estimates.
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Burgess, Ann Wolbert, i Carol R. Hartman. "On the Origin of Grooming". Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, nr 1 (13.12.2017): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517742048.
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The concept of grooming has long been identified with language in child sexual abuse. This article reviews a brief history of child sexual abuse with regard to efforts to identify and classify abuserand victim behavior. We examine the evolution of terms used to label different behaviors particularly those used to obtain initial control over the chlid victim including grooming.
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Beckerleg, Susan. "African Bedouin in Palestine". African and Asian Studies 6, nr 3 (2007): 289–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920907x212240.
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AbstractThe changing ethnic identity and origins of people of Bedouin and African origin living in southern Israel and the Gaza Strip are explored in this paper. For thousands of years, and into the twentieth century, slaves were captured in Africa and transported to Arabia. Negev Bedouin in Palestine owned slaves, many of whom were of African origin. When Israel was created in 1948 some of these people of African origin became refugees in Gaza, while others remained in the Negev and became Israeli citizens. With ethnic identity a key factor in claims and counter claims to land in Palestine/Israel, African slave origins are not stressed. The terminology of ethnicity and identity used by people of African origin and other Palestinians is explored, and reveals a consciousness of difference and rejection of the label abed or slave/black person.
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Al Wasim, Arif. "Label Halal dan Hukum Asal Bahan Pangan". Syariati : Jurnal Studi Al-Qur'an dan Hukum 2, nr 02 (1.11.2016): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32699/syariati.v2i02.1137.
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The consumption of halal is one of the important suggestions of the Sharia for Muslims. Nowadays, public awareness of the importance of halal consumption is increasing. The guarantee of foodstuffs in Indonesia is halal certificates and labels as regulated in Undang-Undang No. 33 tahun 2014 on Guarantee of Halal Products. Not all of food products circulating and distributed in Indonesia has halal certificates and labels. This study was conducted to assess the assurance of halal food that does not have halal certificates and labels, and how to consume it in dealing with the law of sharia. The study was conducted with approach of Jurisprudential Rules (Qawâ’id Fiqhiyyah), focusing the discussion of the status of "legal origin" and it’s continuity of the validity on the foodstuffs, and to what extent the effectiveness of the halal certificates and labels toward the guarantee of halal food. Conclusions from the study shows that the “legal origin” of food is halal and it is still valid as long as no valid and explicit information nor indications that is prohibited. In case of consuming foods that are halal in origin, but it is unknown the halal assurance, no need to complicate by questioning the validity and legality of its halal status. By affirming the confidence and steadiness and accompanied by reading Basmalah is enough to be a halal guarantee of food consumed.
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Mehlhose, Clara, i Antje Risius. "Assessing Label Frames and Emotional Primes in the Context of Animal Rearing—Response of an Explorative fNIRS Study". Sustainability 13, nr 9 (8.05.2021): 5275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095275.
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Against the background of rising societal interest for sustainable food and nutrition choices, food labels have gained importance in providing important information to consumers. However, little is known about how the differences between quality frames in labels are evaluated and how priming might serve as an anchor for label perception. This study aims to observe the neural reaction of this in the context of differently framed food labels for products of animal origin, claiming the presence or absence of an additional quality aspect and under the impulse of emotional priming. In an explorative setup, we measured the neural prefrontal cortex activity of 26 participants with the neuroimaging technology fNIRS. An idyllic prime and a prime related to a label claiming an additional product quality led to increased neural activity in the OFC and dlPFC. Shedding light on what elements are of importance to identify products that meet consumers’ requirements in terms of quality aspects, this could indicate that the prime stressed the meaning of the label. This strengthens the argument to positively phrase and anchor frames regarding quality attributions as opposed to negative declarations. It further demonstrates the ability of fNIRS to capture processing through labels and primes in the context of consumer behavior.
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Bermejo, Luis Alberto, Débora Andrea Evangelista Façanha, Nieves Beneda Guerra i Juan José Viera. "Protected designation of origin as driver of change in goat production systems: Beyond added value". Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo 53, nr 1 (7.07.2021): 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.019.
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Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) is one of the EU tools for rural development. Most of the literature on this subject is focused on premium prices and consumers’ willingness to pay for local products, since PDO and other labels aim to provide premium incomes for farmers. Our assumption is that PDO drives unexpected changes of farming styles not only related to processing or market strategies but also related to local resources using and to stablishing of different approach to agriculture and food production. We analyzed the PDO Queso Palmero (La Palma cheese) as a case of a dual label system (brand–certification common label) because it gives us the opportunity to compare farmers involved in a PDO scheme with farmers who works outside such systems. We conclude that private brands are more important than common label certification in price formation, but both are complementary, since PDO reinforces farmers’ efforts to improve quality. Beyond premium price, PDO also drives a radical change in farm structures, since it reconnects products to local resources (grazing vs intensification) and redesigns relationships with markets (shortening and diversifying chains and widening product offer). This change is characterized by implementation of new farming strategies in the context of PDO structure that coexist with classical farming strategies closer to intensification, not only in terms of productivity but also in terms of decoupling from local resources and productive and market specialization. Therefore, PDO is a powerful tool for rural development in a wide sense (resilience, empowerment, local capacity and network formation among others) far beyond its narrow remit of promoting economic growth (local or regional). Therefore, the coupling with local resources and the strength of local network and relationships as source of resilience, knowledge and capabilities improvement, have to be included in performance assessment of GIs in order to broaden the appraisal of role in regional development.
Highlights
PDO as institution is a powerful tool of farm transformation not only a protection structure of collective heritage or asset.
Private brand effect on price is larger than common label effect (PDO label).
PDO as institution leads radical changes of goat production systems from more production – oriented toward more market – oriented styles.
Market chains and product diversification, focusing on quality, concern about consumers and coupling with local resources are distinctive features of farms involved in PDO.
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Nizam, Derya. "Place-Based Labels in Agricultural Value Chains". Comparative Sociology 16, nr 3 (2.06.2017): 422–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341429.
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This study aims to contribute to the literature of place-based labels (implies a special quality, reputation or characteristic that can be attributed to its geographical origin) by developing a conceptual framework identifying both the specific governance mechanisms that strengthen individual cases, and the general governance mechanism that produces different levels of potential for different product groups. For this aim, this article introduces the concept of policy rents and resource rents to understand and analyze how differences between characteristics of the place-based labeling process (the options that local actors negotiated in label design) and differences between crop characteristics (the unique features of agro-commodities different from others) affect efforts to develop and benefit from a place-based label.
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Lambarraa-Lehnhardt, Fatima, Rico Ihle i Khadija Mhaouch. "Geographical indications for supporting rural development in the context of the Green Morocco Plan: Oasis dates". Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 67, No. 2 (25.02.2021): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/226/2020-agricecon.
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Origin labelling is one of the most prominent approaches in the Green Morocco Plan with which the Moroccan government aims to support the marketing of domestically produced food and then improve the income of smallholder farmers. We analyse the preferences and attitudes of Moroccan consumers towards the recently established Protected Geographical Indication label "Majhoul dates of Tafilalet". The analysis is based on a survey of 303 Moroccan consumers and focuses on the influence of the label as extrinsic attribute on consumer choice. We use cluster analysis to segment the market and the Analytical Hierarchy Process to shed light on preferences of consumers under this labelling strategy. Results indicate two consumer types. The largest group seeks authenticity, origin, and quality. The label of origin in general and the origin from the oasis of Tafilalet in particular are the most important attributes affecting the purchasing decisions which fit with the goal of the labelling strategy implanted as part of the policy. The acceptance of the labelling by Moroccan consumers implies that the neighbouring countries might pursue similar approaches to support rural livelihoods in arid areas.
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REJMÁNEK, MARCEL, i DANIEL SIMBERLOFF. "Origin matters". Environmental Conservation 44, nr 2 (15.09.2016): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892916000333.
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SummaryVan der Wal et al. (2015) (henceforth VdW) attempted to evaluate the degree to which the geographical origin of a species shapes people's attitudes towards conservation management decisions. Based on questionnaire surveys of the general public and experts from Scotland and Canada, the authors perceive “widespread use of the label ‘non-native’ as a proxy for harmfulness” and a species' origin as being used as shorthand for “harmfulness” (pp. 349 & 352). However, the authors cited by VdW do not take such a categorical view. Invasions of non-native species are also often just symptoms, not causes of human-created environmental changes. VdW focus on well-known species with long introduction histories for which the potential abundance and impact can plausibly be judged by experts and the public alike. However, when a decision is to be made regarding whether a non-native taxon that is not yet present in the local biota should be introduced, or whether a recently established and geographically restricted but spreading non-native taxon should be controlled, the taxon's origin should be a primary component in the decision-making process.
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Diamantopoulos, Adamantios, Marc Herz i Nicole Koschate-Fischer. "The EU as superordinate brand origin: an entitativity perspective". International Marketing Review 34, nr 2 (10.04.2017): 183–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-03-2015-0097.
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Purpose Drawing from the entitativity theory, the purpose of this paper is to focus on the European Union (EU) as a superordinate entity and investigate the extent to which a “Made-in-EU” designation leads to superior/inferior brand evaluations and through them to higher/lower purchase intentions than different country-specific designations. Design/methodology/approach Prior literature and qualitative interviews with consumers are used to generate several propositions regarding the role of the EU as a brand origin. These are subsequently tested in a series of four experimental studies using a common design but different country-specific origins as stimuli. Findings While a “Made-in-EU” designation is interpreted as a quality signal, linking a brand to the EU fails to generate positive affective associations. Furthermore, the exact impact of a “Made-in-EU” brand designation very much depends on the standard of comparison, that is, the specific country against which the EU is evaluated. Research limitations/implications Superordinate designations such as the EU can indeed represent distinct entities in consumers’ minds which strongly impact their perceptions and intended behavior. Practical implications Moving from a “home country” label to a “Made-in-EU” label is not advisable for owners of domestic brands. For foreign brands from EU countries with an unfavorable country image, adopting a “Made-in-EU” label is worth considering since it can strengthen quality perceptions. However, any quality advantage might be offset by weaker brand affect perceptions. Originality/value The concept of entitativity introduces a new conceptual lens in the context of origin research which – almost exclusively – has previously focused on the individual country as the unit of analysis.
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Gil-Cordero, Eloy, i Juan-Pedro Cabrera-Sánchez. "Private Label and Macroeconomic Indexes: An Artificial Neural Networks Application". Applied Sciences 10, nr 17 (31.08.2020): 6043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176043.
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Retail companies operate with a private label assortment of 40–45% of their total assortment, which has led to a significant growth of private labels in recent years in their countries of origin; however, when retail companies decide to internationalize, it is important to know which macroeconomic indicators are more relevant when entering a new country or continent. For that reason, in this study we have as a main objective to establish which are the most transcendental macroeconomic variables for the volume and value of the private label. For this purpose, we have analyzed a total of 1400 samples, creating an artificial neural network (ANN). The results show that the most important macroeconomic indicator that must be taken into consideration above other macroeconomic indicators for retail companies to be successful within a country is the per capita debt. In addition, we have considered in this research that unemployment is not the most important primary indicator for the volume of the private label.
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Kposowa, Augustine J. "Mortality from Diabetes by Hispanic Groups: Evidence from the US National Longitudinal Mortality Study". International Journal of Population Research 2013 (26.10.2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/571306.
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Diabetes is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, especially in minority communities. In mortality research, Hispanics are frequently studied as a homogeneous group. The present study was undertaken to compare diabetes deaths among persons of Hispanic origin by disaggregating groups in order to determine whether the components in the Hispanic label have differential mortality. Data utilized were from the US National Longitudinal Mortality Study. Cox proportional hazards regression models were fitted to the data. Findings showed that individuals in the broader Hispanic label were 28% more likely to die from diabetes mellitus than non-Hispanic whites (ARR = 1.28, CI = 1.05, 1.55). When groups were broken down, it was observed that Mexicans were 50% more likely to die of diabetes than their non-Hispanic white counterparts. No other Hispanic origin group was significantly associated with diabetes mortality risk. Education and family income were strong predictors of mortality, regardless of Hispanic origin grouping. It was concluded from the analysis that future behavioral and social science research would be more informative if the broader Hispanic label was broken down into subcategories. Failure to do so might lead to drawing false inferences as a finding may well hold for one group within the Hispanic label, but not for others.
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Pérez y Pérez, Luis, Azucena Gracia i Jesús Barreiro-Hurlé. "Not Seeing the Forest for the Trees: The Impact of Multiple Labelling on Consumer Choices for Olive Oil". Foods 9, nr 2 (13.02.2020): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9020186.
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Multiple quality labels that signal whether a particular food has special characteristics relating to geographical origin or production method have become standard within European food policy. The aim of this paper was to investigate how two of these labels in particular influence consumers’ food choices. We assessed consumers’ preferences for an extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) displaying EU quality labels and focus on whether they are complements or substitutes. In order to do so, we used a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to estimate main and two-way interactions effects with data from a self-administrated survey in a Spanish region. Results indicate that while consumers positively value both the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) and the organic labels, the valuation for PDO is almost double that of the valuation of the organic label. Furthermore, the findings show that for a majority of consumers considered both labels substitutes, while a small group considered them complements. These findings can help producers identify an optimal labelling strategy to maximize returns on certification investments.
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Bornhop, Darryl J., Michael N. Kammer, Amanda Kussrow, Robert A. Flowers i Jens Meiler. "Origin and prediction of free-solution interaction studies performed label-free". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, nr 12 (9.03.2016): E1595—E1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1515706113.
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Interaction/reaction assays have led to significant scientific discoveries in the biochemical, medical, and chemical disciplines. Several fundamental driving forces form the basis of intermolecular and intramolecular interactions in chemical and biochemical systems (London dispersion, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, and electrostatic), and in the past three decades the sophistication and power of techniques to interrogate these processes has developed at an unprecedented rate. In particular, label-free methods have flourished, such as NMR, mass spectrometry (MS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), biolayer interferometry (BLI), and backscattering interferometry (BSI), which can facilitate assays without altering the participating components. The shortcoming of most refractive index (RI)-based label-free methods such as BLI and SPR is the requirement to tether one of the interaction entities to a sensor surface. This is not the case for BSI. Here, our hypothesis is that the signal origin for free-solution, label-free determinations can be attributed to conformation and hydration-induced changes in the solution RI. We propose a model for the free-solution response function (FreeSRF) and show that, when quality bound and unbound structural data are available, FreeSRF correlates well with the experiment (R2 > 0.99, Spearman rank correlation coefficients >0.9) and the model is predictive within ∼15% of the experimental binding signal. It is also demonstrated that a simple mass-weighted dη/dC response function is the incorrect equation to determine that the change in RI is produced by binding or folding event in free solution.
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Schmidt, Carla Maria, i Maria Sylvia Macchione Saes. "Quality Certification Label: the Case of the Pioneering Indication of Origin in Brazil". Journal of Operations and Supply Chain Management 4, nr 1 (26.06.2011): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/joscmv4n1p13-24.
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In the region of Vale dos Vinhedos, RS it is inserted a network formed by wineries, grape growers, hotels and restaurants. Collective actions occur in the network, standing out the Indication of Origin Label of fine wines. This certification of quality affected several actors, since the consequences of the label for the different actors involved are unknown. Thus, in this study, the implications of the certification for the grape growers and wineries were identified, through interviews and questionnaires. The main results point to a scenario of value creation in the viticulture network. The label has a positive impact on the sales of fine and common wines of the wineries. It was also identified that the certification shows a positive influence on the income of the region's producers. The research demonstrates that the profits existent in networks overcome the risks and costs of such collective systems.
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Bernard, Yohan, Véronique Collange, Aurore Ingarao i Sarra Zarrouk-Karoui. "Products labeled as “made in domestic country”: the brand matters". European Journal of Marketing 54, nr 12 (31.08.2020): 2965–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-04-2018-0229.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to better understand an increasingly widespread practice consisting, of a brand, in signaling the domestic origin of its products aimed at domestic consumers, that is, the “made in the domestic country” (MIDC) strategy. To this end, it is proposed to analyze the MIDC label as a cue interacting with the brand’s characteristics (brand equity and country of origin of the brand). Design/methodology/approach A between-subjects experiment is conducted among 293 French consumers on four different brands of pasta. The overall design is a 2 (with/without the MIDC label) × 2 (high/low brand equity) × 2 (domestic/foreign brand) mixed design. Findings The results show that intention to buy the product increases significantly with the presence of the MIDC label, but not so willing to pay. The positive effect on buying intention is greater when: the product has rather low brand equity, consumer ethnocentrism is high and/or consumers are strongly attached to their national identity. Research limitations/implications The present research extends the literature on country-of-origin effects by taking into account the role of the brand equity of the product. However, the study focused on only one low-involvement product category (pasta) and one country (France). Practical implications This study shows that adding an MIDC label to the product is empirically justified. Originality/value While moderate or high scores on “patriotic” variables reinforce the positive impact of the MIDC label, low scores reverse the trend, that is, cause rejection.
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Kos Skubic, Mira, Karmen Erjavec i Marija Klopčič. "Consumer preferences regarding national and EU quality labels for cheese, ham and honey". British Food Journal 120, nr 3 (5.03.2018): 650–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-04-2017-0236.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate consumer preferences in the Slovenian context with regard to cheese, ham and honey labelled with the national and EU protected designation of origin (PDO) indication and the protected geographical indication (PGI) associated with price and origin. Design/methodology/approach An online survey with a representative sample of the Slovenian population of 650 consumers was conducted. Consumer preferences were estimated using choice-based conjoint analysis. Findings The findings show that price is the most powerful driver of consumer preferences for cheese and honey, whereas it is origin for ham, which proved to be the most strongly desired “Slovenian” food product of all items analysed. Label is the least preferable attribute for all three products considered. Cheese, ham and honey bearing the national PDO and PGI labels were more desired than products carrying the EU PDO and PGI labels. The study findings also show the main statistically significant differences in the age and gender of consumers. Research limitations/implications The biggest limitation is that the study focused on certain labels only, related to quality, and origin in particular. Practical implications This result highlights the need to extend and intensify promotional and communication activities to increase consumer preferences for the national and EU PDO- and PGI-labelled cheeses, ham and honey. Originality/value This study contributes to relevant literature by presenting the results regarding consumer preferences for the EU and national quality labels for different food categories in Slovenia, which has no tradition in using the EU quality labels.
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Scarano, Simona, Stefano Mariani i Maria Minunni. "Label free Affinity sensing: application to food analysis". ACTA IMEKO 5, nr 1 (29.04.2016): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v5i1.283.
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In this paper real-time, label free sensing principle based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and gravimetric, i.e. Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) are described and some applications to food analysis problems are reported. Affinity receptors are introduced and examples using antibodies, nucleic acid probes and biomimetic receptors i.e. molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) reported. In particualr pesticide, endotoxins, pathogens, Genetically Modified Organism (GMOs) detection and food origin analysis are reviewed.
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DIGBY, SUSAN A. "Early twentieth-century collection of extinct mammals from northern Siberia: the provenance of Bassett Digby's contributions to the Natural History Museum, London, and the British Museum". Archives of Natural History 35, nr 1 (kwiecień 2008): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0260954108000107.
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The origin of the biggest of two relatively rare woolly rhinoceros horns in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London, was a mystery despite its extensive use in education. The aged label had dropped off. In 2003, research on natural historian, traveller, author and foreign correspondent Bassett Digby led to the re-attachment of the yellowed label with small spidery writing that provides the horn's serial number, collector's name and geographical origin. This paper connects provenance to this sparse information. The provenance also applies to other Siberian items Digby supplied: a tusk from an immature mammoth, tusk fragments of various colours, botanical specimens, and ethnological artefacts.
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Latusi, Sabrina, Cristina Zerbini, Silvia Maestripieri i Beatrice Luceri. "Wine Marketing: Consumer Persuasion through the Region of Origin". International Journal of Business and Management 13, nr 7 (17.06.2018): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n7p137.
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This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the communication of the region of origin – through either pictorial or pictorial-textual formats – in print advertising messages for wine bearing a GI label. An experimental design was used to manipulate the region of origin presentation in print advertisement (absent vs pictorial vs pictorial-textual) while measuring participants’ attitude towards advertisement and purchase intention (dependent variables). Results provide empirical support to the appropriateness of highlighting the geographical area, by combining textual-pictorial cues, to induce a positive attitude towards advertisement and purchase intention in wine consumers. The study makes a new theoretical contribution in the field of communication about wine bearing a GI label, since the persuasive effect of the geographical area has not been systematically tested in an advertising context. Although the wine’s place of origin is its signature to many consumers, there is no strong evidence on the effectiveness of conveying the values of such a place through its picture and/or name. For marketing practitioners, the study highlights the opportunity to use extrinsic advertising cues that leverage intangible wine values combining pictorial-textual formats.
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Ramírez-Olivares, Natividad, Gerardo Pérez-González, Rafael Millán, Conrado Carrascosa i Esther Sanjuán. "Artisanal cheese with no designation of origin: keys to correctly label it". Journal of Applied Animal Research 48, nr 1 (1.01.2020): 515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2020.1837841.
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Schupp, Alvin, i Jeffrey Gillespie. "Handler Reactions to Potential Compulsory Country-of-Origin Labeling of Fresh or Frozen Beef". Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 33, nr 1 (kwiecień 2001): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s107407080002085x.
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AbstractInterest in mandatory county-of-origin labeling of fresh meats exists at both the state and national levels. A sample of beef handling firms in Louisiana (processors, retailers and restaurants) was surveyed by telephone to identify the characteristics of these firms that would help explain their decision to support or reject the law. A factor supporting the label use was a belief that the label is valuable to buyers. Negative factors were that the firm is a restaurant, is part of a chain or franchise, or has experience handling imported beef, and the belief that labeling merely reflects more government interference in free trade.
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Leonard, Laurence B. "A 200-Year History of the Study of Childhood Language Disorders of Unknown Origin: Changes in Terminology". Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 5, nr 1 (21.02.2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_pers-sig1-2019-0007.
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Purpose The current “specific language impairment” and “developmental language disorder” discussion might lead to important changes in how we refer to children with language disorders of unknown origin. The field has seen other changes in terminology. This article reviews many of these changes. Method A literature review of previous clinical labels was conducted, and possible reasons for the changes in labels were identified. Results References to children with significant yet unexplained deficits in language ability have been part of the scientific literature since, at least, the early 1800s. Terms have changed from those with a neurological emphasis to those that do not imply a cause for the language disorder. Diagnostic criteria have become more explicit but have become, at certain points, too narrow to represent the wider range of children with language disorders of unknown origin. Conclusions The field was not well served by the many changes in terminology that have transpired in the past. A new label at this point must be accompanied by strong efforts to recruit its adoption by clinical speech-language pathologists and the general public.
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Maddaleno, Aldo, Matías Maturana, Ekaterina Pokrant, Betty San Martín i Javiera Cornejo. "Oxytetracycline and Florfenicol Concentrations in Food-Additive Premixes Authorised for Broiler Chickens: Assessing Degree of Agreement with Manufacturers Labelling". Animals 11, nr 6 (16.06.2021): 1797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061797.
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Antimicrobials premixes are the presentation of choice to administer drugs simultaneously to groups of animals in intensive husbandry systems that require treatment for pathologies of bacterial origin. Among the premixes available for use in poultry, florfenicol and oxytetracycline are commonly administered via food or water. However, their actual concentration in premixes must meet on-label statements to ensure plasma concentrations reach effective therapeutic levels. Hence, this work was designed for the purpose of verifying whether the concentration of antimicrobial present in five premixes matched their on-label statement. Three oxytetracycline premixes, and two of florfenicol, were analysed using a Xevo TQ-S micro UPLC-MS/MS, and an ABSciex API4000 HPLC-MS/MS, respectively. Analytical methodologies were implemented and validated, showing an R2 ≥ 0.99 for the calibration curves. Oxytetracycline was detected in these premixes at concentrations exceeding on-label statements by 13.28%, 21.54%, and 29.68%, whereas florfenicol concentrations detected in premixes were 13.06% and 14.75% lower than expected. Consequently, this work shows that the concentration of active ingredients that are present in commercial formulations effectively differ from those stated on premix labels, and it also highlights how unpredictable their range of variability might be. This must be addressed through solid and updated laws that guarantee an effective pharmaceutical product.
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Maeshima, Akito. "Label-retaining cells in the kidney: origin of regenerating cells after renal ischemia". Clinical and Experimental Nephrology 11, nr 4 (grudzień 2007): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10157-007-0500-9.
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Ferreira, Carla, Lina Lourenço-Gomes, Lígia M. Costa Pinto i Ana Patrícia Silva. "Is there a gender effect on wine choice in Portugal? – A qualitative approach". International Journal of Wine Business Research 31, nr 4 (18.11.2019): 618–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwbr-08-2018-0040.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the existence and influence of gender effects on wine choice, specifically whether women and men seek the same cues in wine labelling. Design/methodology/approach Five focus groups, involving 45 regular wine consumers (22 women and 23 men) from four Portuguese wine regions of origin, were conducted. Sessions included two projective techniques. To gather more information, participants were asked to fill a short questionnaire, relating purchasing and consumption habits, knowledge and socioeconomic characteristics. Qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and content analysis was used. Findings Women frequently associate wine to the context of consumption; while men frequently associate wine to convivial and sensorial pleasure. Region of origin and prior knowledge experience seem to be the two main reasons for men to choose a wine; while, women seem to rely more on wine brand and previous experience. Front label information (region of origin, awards and region illustration) seems to be more important for women, while the back label descriptors (grape variety, world heritage site and wine history) are more relevant for men. The typography (font size) and information type were identified as negative aspects of the back label. Practical implications Understanding how men and women looking for information on a wine bottle can help marketers communicate with specific market segments. This paper provides insights to design marketing campaigns regarding product customization at the level of label information and design. Originality/value The present research contributes to current literature on wine consumer behaviour, exploring behavioural differences, perceptions and motivations by gender. In particular, the relevance of wine cues for choice decision is explored. The evidence of focus groups combined with projective techniques is complemented with data collected through a questionnaire.
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Hidayat, Hidayat, i Erond L. Damanik. "Batak dan Bukan Batak: Paradigma Sosiohistoris tentang Konstruksi Identitas Etnik di Kota Medan, 1906-1939". Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha 3, nr 2 (1.09.2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jscl.v3i2.19624.
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This research discusses the sociohistorical paradigm of Batak label construction on Mandailing and Angkola ethnicities in the city of Medan, 1906-1939. Throughout the year, the two ethnic migrants from southern Tapanuli clashed in Medan because of the Batak labeling. The Mandailing ethnic group rejected the Batak label, while the Angkola ethnic group affirmed on that label. The disputes have an impact on the division of political, economic, religious and cultural identities. The rejection from Mandailing ethnic on Batak labeling continues to occur until 2017. This research aims to describe the construction of the Batak label by answering general questions on how do the two ethnic groups fight because of the Batak label? Specifically, this article also answers the origin of Batak labeling? Why is the label debated? To explain this case, the theory of social construction is used with the sociohistorical paradigm and the case study research method. The results of the study that the Batak label is considered as a foreign ethnographic construction with a pejorative tone and disputes occur because of the strategic stability of identity as a social radar to understand the social world.
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Mottese, Antonio F., Maria R. Fede, Francesco Caridi, Giuseppe Sabatino, Giuseppe Marcianò, Pietro Ravenda, Annamaria D. Gaetano i Giacomo Dugo. "Fingerprint of PGI Mantova Cucumis melo by ICP-MS and Chemometric Analysis". Current Nutrition & Food Science 17, nr 1 (29.12.2020): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401316999200504094207.
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Background and Objectives: In this work, yellow and green varieties of Cucumis melo fruits belonging to different cultivars were studied. In detail, three Sicilian cultivars of winter melons tutelated by TAP (Traditional agro-alimentary products) labels were considered, whereas asun protected the Calabrian winter melon was studied too. With the aim to compare the selective uptakes of inorganic elements among winter and summer fruits, the “PGI Melone Mantovano” was investigated. The purpose of this work was to apply the obtained results i) to guarantee the quality and healthiness of fruits, ii) to producers defend, iii) to help the customers in safe food purchase. Method: All samples were analyzed by ICP-MS and the obtained results, subsequently, were subjected to Cluster analysis (CA), Principal component analysis (PCA) and Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA). Results: CA results were generally in agreement with samples origin, whereas the PCA elaboration has confirmed the presence of a strong relation between fruit origins and trace element contents. In particular, two principal components justified the 57.32% of the total variance (PC1= 40.95%, PC2= 16.37%). Finally, the CDA approach has provided several functions with high discrimination power, confirmed by the correct classification of all samples (100%). Conclusions: CA, PCA and CDA could represent an integrated to label to discriminate the origin of agri-food products and, thus, protect and guarantee their healthiness.
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Senices, Julissa. "The Complexity Behind the Hispanic Identity". Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 36, nr 2 (1.06.2005): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.36.2.20.
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This paper will review the complexity behind the various Hispanic identities and its implication for the field of rehabilitation counseling and other human service professions. Variables such as privilege, colorism, national origin, socioeconomic status, and experiences with discrimination interact and make-up the multiple identities of Hispanics. Yet, the use of the label Hispanic label has homogenized this population. It is recommended that rehabilitation counselors and other human service professionals be aware of the heterogeneity within the Hispanic population since it gives Hispanics tremendous latitude in the selection of a cultural identity.
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Acciani, Claudio, Annalisa De Boni, Francesco Bozzo i Rocco Roma. "Pulses for Healthy and Sustainable Food Systems: The Effect of Origin on Market Price". Sustainability 13, nr 1 (28.12.2020): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010185.
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Pulses are widely acknowledged for their high nutritional value due to high protein content, low content in calories, and low glycemic index; they are a good alternative to animal proteins thus offering a considerable number of social, environmental, and health benefits. Despite pulses being widely acknowledged as healthy and sustainable food, in mainly European countries, consumption is growing but still lower than the recommended level, production is unprofitable in comparison to the current market prices level, and a reduction in harvested area has led to a strong dependence on import for pulses supply. Pulses are particularly fitting to the feature of local food because they can be suitably grown in any context, even in the most complex areas, and consumer interest and awareness of food origin has strongly increased in recent years. Lentils were selected as a case study in this paper that aims to define which features are effective on market price and, in particular, the role of origin declaration on label plays in defining the market price and how the origin attributes may enhance market price and farms competitiveness. The methodological tool for this investigation is the hedonic price model, useful to explain the effects of attributes of pulses affecting the market price. Results contribute to a better understanding of the pulse market, emphasizing that the “origin declaration” on label may have a positive effect on market price.
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Howat, D. W. "Possible Origin of Synovial Lining Cell Hyperplasia in Rheumatoid Arthritis". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 80, nr 8 (sierpień 1987): 477–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107688708000805.
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A perplexing feature of rheumatoid arthritis is the increase in the number of synovial lining cells with no mitotic activity. This feature has been investigated in the rabbit model. Rabbits with the established condition were injected into the affected joint with tritiated thymidine and killed either up to 24 hours later, or at 3 or 7 days. The location of labelled cells, detected by autoradiography, showed the label predominantly in the stroma in the former, and mainly in the lining cells in the latter, indicating that the lining cells were derived by recruitment from active cells deep in the stroma.
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Paniagua, Carmen, Carmen Moreno, Maite Román, Jesús Palacios, Harold D. Grotevant i Francisco Rivera. "Under the Same Label: Adopted Adolescents’ Heterogeneity in Well-Being and Perception of Social Contexts". Youth & Society 52, nr 8 (7.02.2019): 1544–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x19828081.
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This study compares a sample of 223 adopted adolescents with a nonadopted reference group representative of the Spanish adolescent population from the “Spanish Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study.” Variables related to the family context, peers, school context, and emotional well-being are compared. Adoptees are not only analyzed as a group, but also according to the type of adoption (domestic or intercountry) and the birth area of origin (Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe). The results showed more similarities than differences between the whole group of adoptees and the reference group, as well as heterogeneity within the adoptees depending on their origin.
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Bornhop, Darryl J., Michael N. Kammer, Amanda Kussrow i Robert A. Flowers. "Reply to Varma: Elucidation of the signal origin for label-free, free-solution interactions". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, nr 34 (26.07.2016): E4931—E4932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609553113.
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Sarigil, Oyku, Muge Anil-Inevi, Esra Yilmaz, Gulistan Mese, H. Cumhur Tekin i Engin Ozcivici. "Label-free density-based detection of adipocytes of bone marrow origin using magnetic levitation". Analyst 144, nr 9 (2019): 2942–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an02503g.
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Shirshin, E. A., B. P. Yakimov, M. E. Darvin, N. P. Omelyanenko, S. A. Rodionov, Y. I. Gurfinkel, J. Lademann, V. V. Fadeev i A. V. Priezzhev. "Label-Free Multiphoton Microscopy: The Origin of Fluorophores and Capabilities for Analyzing Biochemical Processes". Biochemistry (Moscow) 84, S1 (styczeń 2019): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0006297919140050.
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Zervas, G., i E. Tsiplakou. "Life cycle assessment of animal origin products". Advances in Animal Biosciences 7, nr 2 (październik 2016): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s204047001600011x.
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Greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production have a major impact on the environment. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an accepted method to assess those environmental impacts associated with all stages of products life from cradle to grave, and is used to determine the carbon footprint (CF) of animal origin products. CF is just an environmental indicator to assess sustainability of livestock products, such as milk, beef, pork, chicken, eggs, etc. and is used on products packaging as a so-called carbon label to inform supply chain professionals about the relative impacts of different products and activities. From the published studies who assessed the impact of production of milk, beef, lamb, pork, chicken and eggs using LCA, it is concluded that production of 1 kg of beef used most land and energy and had highest global warming potential, followed by production of 1 kg of lamb, pork, chicken, eggs and milk. However, it should be pointed out that LCA results for livestock products do not include environmental consequences of competition for land between humans and animals, and consequences of land-use changes.
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Murrell, Adele, i Santiago Uribe-Lewis. "Genomic imprinting and cancer: Remembering the parental origin". Biochemist 32, nr 5 (1.10.2010): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio03205026.
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Genomic imprinting results in only one copy of a diploid pair of alleles being expressed in a parentof-origin-specific manner. The ‘imprint’ encodes a memory of whether a gene came through the maternal or paternal line and contains the information that decides which parental copy will be active or silent. Imprints are established in the developing gametes, passed on to the next generation after fertilization where they are read and maintained in the somatic cells or erased and reset in the germ cells. The components of the ‘memory’ are a combination of epigenetic features such as DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications and protein/RNA factors that can bind to DNA and label the genes such that a cell's transcription machinery can distinguish between maternal and paternal alleles. Most imprinted genes are associated with sequences that are methylated on only one parental allele, known as differentially methylated regions (DMRs).
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Maró, Zalán Márk, Lili Jantyik i Áron Török. "The position of the EU organic label among Hungarian consumers". Review on Agriculture and Rural Development 8, nr 1-2 (26.05.2019): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/rard.2019.1-2.175-180.
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The European Union's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has undergone many reforms and - over the past decades - has reached a level where food security issues are basic criteria for the European food production. From the beginning of the 1990s, the EU has been trying to reinforce this positive overall impression with quality systems which are regulated at the Community level.
Basically, European decision-makers regard two areas as being of paramount importance: geographical indication and organic food. Each system has separate certifications and labels to help consumers make their decisions. Despite the fact that these products are also important factors of EU trade policy and in the case of geographical indications in Hungary, there has been a separate Origin Protection Program, the relationship between Central and Eastern Europe consumers with this system is a rather undiscovered area. That’s why the aim of this study is to investigate the awareness of the Hungarian consumers about the EU organic label and the factors that determine the awareness of the EU organic logo and the regular purchases. Not surprisingly, the awareness of the EU organic label and is still low despite the growing tendency in the recent years.
The survey conducted in Hungary is based on a sample with 1,019 consumers. The online consumer survey was implemented during the second half of 2017. Results show that among the European food quality labels the organic label is one of the most recognized ones in Hungary, but its average awareness is still very low: less than every fourth Hungarian consumer knows what this label is for.
The awareness of the EU organic logo is mainly determined by the sex (male), diet (fish consumption, (ovo)-vegetarian) and the place of purchase (alternative routes and internet). Regarding regular purchases, trust in the label and the system is crucial next to the age (younger ones), and purchase (supermarket). Therefore, in order to increase the sales of products with EU organic label, it is essential to sell bio food more widely, which will enable consumers to know more about organic products and the EU organic logo; as well as the application of a proper marketing strategy by companies to reach their potential target group, mainly the younger consumers. In any case, the future goal is to raise the awareness of bio and other quality systems (e.g. GI) products because the higher level of comsumers’ awareness and trust can lead to a higher level of consumer willingness to pay. And this results in mutual benefit for both producers and consumers.
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Panea, Begoña, Ignacio Subiabre, Andrea Haudorf i Rodrigo Morales. "Consumer Profile and Product Knowledge Affect the Usefulness of a Quality Label as a Tool to Differentiate a Product: A Chilean Survey". Foods 10, nr 7 (25.06.2021): 1482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10071482.
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Quality labels are useful tools to differentiate food products, but only if consumers recognise them and associate them with specific characteristics. An online survey was conducted to investigate whether Chilean consumers knew about Novillo de Osorno, for which a quality label is being developed. The survey was divided into five blocks: lifestyles, meat consumption and purchase habits, meat choice behaviour, knowledge about Novillo de Osorno, and consumers’ socio-demographic information. The place of residence and consumer gender, age, or income were important cues in defining consumers’ lifestyles, meat consumption and purchase habits. Respondents could be grouped into three main groups: 1. Younger people: urban with medium-high incomes, which search only for pleasure; 2. Foodies uninvolved and Females uninvolved: females with the highest income level that chose food for nutritional reasons; and 3. Traditional people: men older than 55 with low incomes, living in the Northern areas and interested in taste and in the meat’s origin. Nearly 60% of respondents had never heard about Novillo de Osorno. Hence, the supply chain has an opportunity to extend the market. Since price and confidence in the origin are important cues, they must be considered in the design of promotion strategies.
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Chilla, Tobias, Benedikt Fink, Richard Balling, Simon Reitmeier i Karola Schober. "The EU Food Label ‘Protected Geographical Indication’: Economic Implications and Their Spatial Dimension". Sustainability 12, nr 14 (8.07.2020): 5503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145503.
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This study analyses the economic effects of the EU policy on the protection of origin. The focus is on three types of food products with Protected Geographical Indication (PGI), whose reference areas are located in the Free State of Bavaria: Beer (Bayerisches Bier PGI), asparagus (Franken-Spargel PGI, Schrobenhausener Spargel PGI), and carp (Aischgründer Karpfen PGI, Oberpfälzer Karpfen PGI). The study is based on secondary statistical analysis and a series of expert interviews. The results show positive effects on sales mainly for beer on international markets, and positive effects on price mainly for carp on the local and regional levels. All in all, we see that protection of origin stabilizes and supports the economic trajectory of its product. This study also shows that its economic effects vary widely: Firstly, price and sales effects are not automatic and differ in intensity; and secondly, the spatial dimensions of the economic effects exhibit different patterns. The primarily price-related effects at the local–regional level for carp (and to some extent for asparagus) are categorized as local effects (type A). The sales effect at the global level for beer is categorized as type B (export effect). Finally, this study postulates further potential forms of ‘price and sales geographies’.
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Lambarraa-Lehnhardt, Fatima, Rico Ihle i Hajar Elyoubi. "How Successful Is Origin Labeling in a Developing Country Context? Moroccan Consumers’ Preferences toward Local Products". Sustainability 13, nr 15 (28.07.2021): 8433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158433.
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The Green Moroccan Plan (GMP) is a national long-term strategy launched by the Moroccan government to support the agricultural sector as the main driver of social and economic development. The GMP involves a labeling strategy based on geographical indications, aimed at protecting and promoting the marketing of locally produced food specialties and linking their specific qualities and reputations to their domestic production region. We evaluated the success of this policy by comparing consumers’ attitudes and preferences toward a local product having a geographical indication label to one without. We conducted a survey of 500 consumers in main Moroccan cities. The potential consumer set for the local product was found to be segmented, indicating the potential for a domestic niche of environmentally aware consumers preferring organically and sustainably produced food. We applied the analytical hierarchy process to prioritize the attributes of the commodities of interest, which underscores the importance of the origin when choosing a local product without origin labeling; for the labeled product, intrinsic quality attributes are considered to be more important. These findings demonstrate the limited promotion of the established origin labeling in the domestic market. Hence, we recommend that the Moroccan government reinforce the labeling scheme with an organic label to increase the market potential of the environmentally aware consumers by ensuring sustainable production of local products.