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MATTHEWS, ALIX E., ASELA J. WIJERATNE, ANDREW D. SWEET, FABIO A. HERNANDES, DAVID P. L. TOEWS i THAN J. BOVES. "Host specificity varies widely in dispersal-limited symbionts". Zoosymposia 22 (30.11.2022): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.22.1.21.
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A fundamental aspect of symbiotic relationships is host specificity, ranging from extreme specialists associated with only a single host species to generalists associated with many different species. Although symbionts with limited dispersal abilities are typically host specialists, some are known to associate with multiple hosts, but our understanding of the causes and consequences of this variation is limited.
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Stahl, Florian, Fabian Schomm, Lara Vomfell i Gottfried Vossen. "Marketplaces for Digital Data: Quo Vadis?" Computer and Information Science 10, nr 4 (31.10.2017): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cis.v10n4p22.
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The survey presented in this work investigates emerging markets for data and is the third of its kind, providing a deeper understanding of this emerging type of market. The findings indicate that data providers focus on limited business models and that data remains individualized and differentiated. Nevertheless, a trend towards commoditization for certain types of data can be foreseen, which allows an outlook to further developments in this area.
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Berrar, Daniel, Naoyuki Sato i Alfons Schuster. "Quo Vadis, Artificial Intelligence?" Advances in Artificial Intelligence 2010 (24.02.2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/629869.
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Since its conception in the mid 1950s, artificial intelligence with its great ambition to understand and emulate intelligence in natural and artificial environments alike is now a truly multidisciplinary field that reaches out and is inspired by a great diversity of other fields. Rapid advances in research and technology in various fields have created environments into which artificial intelligence could embed itself naturally and comfortably. Neuroscience with its desire to understand nervous systems of biological organisms and systems biology with its longing to comprehend, holistically, the multitude of complex interactions in biological systems are two such fields. They target ideals artificial intelligence has dreamt about for a long time including the computer simulation of an entire biological brain or the creation of new life forms from manipulations of cellular and genetic information in the laboratory. The scope for artificial intelligence in neuroscience and systems biology is extremely wide. This article investigates the standing of artificial intelligence in relation to neuroscience and systems biology and provides an outlook at new and exciting challenges for artificial intelligence in these fields. These challenges include, but are not necessarily limited to, the ability to learn from other projects and to be inventive, to understand the potential and exploit novel computing paradigms and environments, to specify and adhere to stringent standards and robust statistical frameworks, to be integrative, and to embrace openness principles.
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Kentie, Rosemarie, Sonya M. Clegg, Shripad Tuljapurkar, Jean‐Michel Gaillard i Tim Coulson. "Life‐history strategy varies with the strength of competition in a food‐limited ungulate population". Ecology Letters 23, nr 5 (maj 2020): 811–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.13470.
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Ashley, R. M., T. Hvitved-Jacobsen i J. L. Bertrand-Krajewski. "Quo vadis sewer process modelling?" Water Science and Technology 39, nr 9 (1.05.1999): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0430.
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Over the past decade, considerable investment has been made in acquiring knowledge about in-sewer processes, with the objective of developing new analytical tools to predict the performance of these systems. A wide variety of these tools have emerged, from simple aggregated conceptual models of entire systems, to very detailed physically based relationships for particular processes such as suspended transport. The major investors in this research have been determined to produce commercial models which will form part of integrated system analysis suites of software for use in the formulation of holistic and optimum managerial methods for wastewater systems. Unfortunately, sewer processes are extremely complex, and the very limited investment, when compared proportionately with that made in hydrological and hydraulic analysis over previous decades, has produced apparently gaps in underlying knowledge which are not generally acknowledged. This paper reviews the current position with regard to sewer process modelling, highlighting areas where knowledge is still deficient, and where new opportunities and limitations are emerging.
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Osmanova, D. O. "Insolvency (Bankruptcy) Procedure: Quo Vadis?" Lex Russica 77, nr 5 (17.05.2024): 144–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2024.210.5.144-161.
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The paper examines the conceptual role of the insolvency (bankruptcy) procedure and the emerging trend towards the dominance of this legal mechanism over other (basic) legal categories. Three key categories are given as examples: the institute of non-interference in private affairs, which in the opposite case is transformed into intervention; the institute of limited liability of the founder (participant) and their legal entity, which presupposes a clear separation of the property masses of these subjects; and the institute of limitation period. It is proved that the bankruptcy procedure modifies the perception of the mentioned categories. Intervention becomes acceptable, which finds expression, for example, in the admissibility of challenging transactions and analyzing the debtor’s economic activities. The boundaries of the assets of a legal entity and an individual are blurred out in the context of the institution of subsidiary liability in bankruptcy. Only the statute of limitations, due to current court practice, is still subject to fewer changes, which are nevertheless present.The author concludes that it is unacceptable to consider the institution of bankruptcy as an instrument of unlimited suppression of other legal structures in favor of the interests of the creditor community. An attempt has been made to demonstrate that the legal essence of the institution of insolvency is much broader than is commonly believed. This, in turn, explains the inadmissibility and danger of perceiving bankruptcy proceedings as a kind of «sacred» legal phenomenon.
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Chinard, F. P., i W. O. Cua. "Endothelial extraction of tracer water varies with extravascular water in dog lungs". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 252, nr 2 (1.02.1987): H340—H348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1987.252.2.h340.
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In multiple indicator-dilution experiments, transvascular passage of a permeating indicator is conventionally derived from the up-slope separation of the curve of the permeating indicator from that of a vascular reference and is expressed as the extraction (Ec). Extraction may be limited by the barrier (barrier-limited distribution). It may be limited by the volume of distribution accessible to it; in the time domain of an indicator-dilution experiment, the passage to and distribution in the extravascular volume are rapid relative to the velocity of blood in the exchange vessels. We examine here the relations of the extraction of tracer water as tritium oxide (THO) [Ec(THO)] and of the extraction of tracer sodium as 22Na [Ec(22Na)] to extravascular lung water, delta V wev, by adding isotonic fluid to the gas phase of the lungs. The net convective transvascular passage of water is negligible relative to the transendothelial molecular exchange. In 10 experiments in vivo and in 10 experiments in isolated perfused lungs, Ec(THO) increases as delta V wev increases. Ec(22Na) and the permeability-surface area product (PS) for 22Na do not change as delta V wev increases. We conclude that the extraction of THO is determined mainly by the volume accessible to it (flow- or volume-limited distribution) and that the extraction of 22Na is determined mainly by the resistance of the endothelium (barrier-limited distribution). A diffusion limitation in the added alveolar fluid rather than a barrier limitation at the endothelium may moderate Ec(THO).
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Esmer, Yilmaz. "Globalization, "McDonaldization" and Values: Quo Vadis?" Comparative Sociology 5, nr 2-3 (2006): 183–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913306778667393.
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AbstractIt is frequently asserted that the ongoing process that is commonly referred to as globalization should bring about wide-spread changes in values. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that the unparalleled increases in the flow of capital, goods, services and information coupled with the revolutionary developments in information and communication technologies should result in a convergence of values.This paper is attempt to assess the direction and the magnitude of value change between 1981, when the first WVS/EVS surveys were conducted, and 2001, the last year for which data are available. Data from some 20 countries are analyzed to follow possible changes in values. Furthermore, the paper offers a test of the convergence hypothesis by examining the standard deviations and the coefficients of variation of a wide-ranging list of values.The conclusion is that cultural value change has been rather limited during this period at least for this sample of countries. Among the dimensions studied, marriage, family and gender relations seem to be the area of most significant change. On the other hand, we have found almost no evidence for even a slow convergence of values.
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Orock G, Enow, Enow Orock A, Ngounou E, Konang n. JL, Noubom M, Nzeukou E, Tabeu Nm i Luma H. "Gastrointestinal Pathologies in a Center with Limited Resources: Pilot Study at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon." Journal of Clinical Research and Reports 5, nr 2 (6.08.2020): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/112.
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Rationale: The pathology of the digestive tract is frequent in Cameroon. Despite this situation, studies of gastrointestinal pathology are rare. The pathological anatomy service is almost non-existent in the Cameroonian suburbs. Bafoussam in the west of the country is a semi-urban area and one of the rare ones to have a pathological anatomy department. This is why we decided to present the epidemiological data of the pathologies of the digestive tract of this locality. Methods: We carried out a prospective study over three months (October 2019 - January 2020), in the pathological anatomy department of the Bafoussam Regional Hospital in Cameroon with the aim of presenting the structural pathologies of the digestive tract listed in this institution. . Results: the pathology of the digestive tract has an incidence of approximately 400 in this locality, and represents 45.24% of all the pathologies identified in the pathological anatomy department of the Bafoussam Regional Hospital The age of our patients varies between 17 and 98 years old, with an average of 52.8. Women are slightly more represented (sex ratio M: F of 1: 1.3). Samples from the digestive tract represent 45% of all histological samples recorded in this department. The most common location, in decreasing order, is the stomach (84%), followed by the esophagus (5%), the colon and the rectum (4% each). On the other hand, other sites including the duodenum are rather rare. Of 100 samples of the digestive tract examined, 98 were pathological with a preponderance of inflammatory lesions (80.61%) against 19.39% of neoplastic nature. The inflammatory pathology was distributed uniformly in all age groups while the malignant pathologies were not observed until after 50 years. Malignant pathologies were more common in men (sex ratio M: F of 3: 1). Gastritis was the most common diagnosis (76.53%) and 94.66% of these gastritis were associated with Helicobacter pylori. Conclusion: The pathology of the digestive tract is important in our community and dominated by the inflammatory type. The most common site is the stomach, most of the lesions of which are linked to Helicobacter pylori. It would be desirable to actively seek out and eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection to decrease the incidence of digestive pathology. Further studies are recommended to establish the true epidemiological trend of gastrointestinal pathology in our community.
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Hutter, Harald, i Donald Moerman. "Big Data in Caenorhabditis elegans: quo vadis?" Molecular Biology of the Cell 26, nr 22 (5.11.2015): 3909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e15-05-0312.
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A clear definition of what constitutes “Big Data” is difficult to identify, but we find it most useful to define Big Data as a data collection that is complete. By this criterion, researchers on Caenorhabditis elegans have a long history of collecting Big Data, since the organism was selected with the idea of obtaining a complete biological description and understanding of development. The complete wiring diagram of the nervous system, the complete cell lineage, and the complete genome sequence provide a framework to phrase and test hypotheses. Given this history, it might be surprising that the number of “complete” data sets for this organism is actually rather small—not because of lack of effort, but because most types of biological experiments are not currently amenable to complete large-scale data collection. Many are also not inherently limited, so that it becomes difficult to even define completeness. At present, we only have partial data on mutated genes and their phenotypes, gene expression, and protein–protein interaction—important data for many biological questions. Big Data can point toward unexpected correlations, and these unexpected correlations can lead to novel investigations; however, Big Data cannot establish causation. As a result, there is much excitement about Big Data, but there is also a discussion on just what Big Data contributes to solving a biological problem. Because of its relative simplicity, C. elegans is an ideal test bed to explore this issue and at the same time determine what is necessary to build a multicellular organism from a single cell.
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Pitt, Benjamin, Edward Gibson i Steven T. Piantadosi. "Exact Number Concepts Are Limited to the Verbal Count Range". Psychological Science 33, nr 3 (8.02.2022): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09567976211034502.
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Previous findings suggest that mentally representing exact numbers larger than four depends on a verbal count routine (e.g., “one, two, three . . .”). However, these findings are controversial because they rely on comparisons across radically different languages and cultures. We tested the role of language in number concepts within a single population—the Tsimane’ of Bolivia—in which knowledge of number words varies across individual adults. We used a novel data-analysis model to quantify the point at which participants ( N = 30) switched from exact to approximate number representations during a simple numerical matching task. The results show that these behavioral switch points were bounded by participants’ verbal count ranges; their representations of exact cardinalities were limited to the number words they knew. Beyond that range, they resorted to numerical approximation. These results resolve competing accounts of previous findings and provide unambiguous evidence that large exact number concepts are enabled by language.
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MAHAJAN, ASHWINI V., ABHAY V. LIMAYE, ARUN G. BANPURKAR i PRASHANT M. GADE. "CONTACT PROCESS ON FRACTAL CLUSTERS SIMULATED BY GENERALIZED DIFFUSION-LIMITED AGGREGATION (g-DLA) MODEL". Fractals 28, nr 07 (listopad 2020): 2050137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x20501376.
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The spread of infectious disease, virus epidemic, fashion, religion and rumors is strongly affected by the nearest neighbor hence underlying morphologies of the colonies are crucial. Likewise, the morphology of naturally grown patterns ranges from fractal to compact with lacunarity. We analyze the contact process on the fractal clusters simulated by generalized Diffusion-limited Aggregation (g-DLA) model. In g-DLA model, randomly walking particle is added to the cluster with sticking probability [Formula: see text] depending on the local density of occupied sites in the neighborhood of radius [Formula: see text] from the center of active site. It takes values [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) for highly dense, moderately dense and sparsely occupied regions, respectively. The corresponding morphology varies from fractal to compact as [Formula: see text] varies from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. Interestingly, the contact process on the g-DLA clusters shows clear transition from active phase to absorbing phase and the exponent values fall between 1-d and 2-d in directed percolation (DP) universality class. The local persistence exponents at transition are studied and are found to be much smaller than that for 1-d and 2-d DP cases. We conjecture that infection in the fractal cluster does not easily reach far-flung or remote areas at the periphery of the cluster.
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Kamo, Tsunashi, Mai Endo, Masae Sato, Ryohei Kasahara, Hiroko Yamaya, Syuntaro Hiradate, Yoshiharu Fujii, Nobuhiro Hirai i Mitsuru Hirota. "Limited distribution of natural cyanamide in higher plants: Occurrence in Vicia villosa subsp. varia, V. cracca, and Robinia pseudo-acacia". Phytochemistry 69, nr 5 (marzec 2008): 1166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.11.004.
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Raffaele, Federico. "Virtual(-only) shareholders' meetings in Italian listed companies: quo vadis?" CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT STUDIES, nr 1 (lipiec 2023): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/cgrds1-2023oa15796.
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The article focuses on the legacy, if any, once the pandemic crisis is over, of the Italian emergency legislation re: the participation in the shareholders' meeting by means of telecommunications, with particular attention to the regulation of listed companies. Specifically, the topic of virtual(-only) meetings is addressed with a view both to investigating the reasons for their scarce use by Italian listed issuers, and to understanding whether the ability to intervene remotely can become a default rule in Italy. To this end, after analyzing the peculiarities of the Italian legal system – which, de facto, have limited the "virtualization" of the meetings, given that, inter alia, in the absence of a specific express provision in the by-laws, a virtual-only meeting appears not to be admissible under Italian law –, possible solutions de lege ferenda that may justify a "generalized" regime of virtual meetings in the Italian system will be illustrated.
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Watson, Mary Katherine, Elizabeth Flanagan i Caye M. Drapcho. "Inorganic Carbon-Limited Freshwater Algal Growth at High Ph: Revisited with Focus on Alkalinity". Journal of the ASABE 66, nr 6 (2023): 1425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/ja.15411.
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Highlights Non-carbonate components of BG11 media impact TIC calculation on average 4.00 mg/L at high pH. BG11 media non-carbonate alkalinity (NCA) varies with pH: NCA (meq/L) = 0.0393×e0.2075×pH + (2.086×10-9)e1.860×pH. Monod kinetic constants with CO2, HCO3 -, and CO3 2- as inorganic carbon sources are improved from a previous report. Kinetic constants continue to be the only known reports considering multiple inorganic carbon sources. Algal stoichiometric reactions are developed that account for variation in cell content and carbon source. Abstract. Due to increasing atmospheric CO2, algal growth systems at high pH are of interest to support enhanced diffusion and carbon capture. Given the interactions between algal growth, pH, and alkalinity, data from Watson and Drapcho (2016) were re-examined to determine the impact of the non-carbonate constituents in BG11 media on estimates of Monod kinetic parameters, biomass yield, and cell stoichiometry. Based on a computational method, non-carbonate alkalinity (NCA) in BG11 media varies with pH according to: NCA (meq/L) = 0.0393×e0.2075×pH + (2.086×10-9)e1.860×pH (R2 = 0.999) over the pH range of 10.3 – 11.5. Updated maximum specific growth rates were determined to be 0.060, 0.057, and 0.051 hr-1 for CO2, HCO3, and CO3, respectively. Generalizable stoichiometric algal growth equations that consider variable nutrient ratios and multiple inorganic carbon species were developed. Improved kinetic and stoichiometric parameters will serve as the foundation for a dynamic mathematical model to support the design of high pH algal carbon capture systems. Keywords: Algae, Alkalinity, Carbon Abatement, Carbon Capture, Kinetics, Stoichiometry, Total Inorganic Carbon.
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Sun, Jie, Wei Qiao i Shuai Liu. "Fractal Diffusion Limited Aggregation of Soot Particles Based on Fuzzy Membership Functions". International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 29, nr 05 (maj 2019): 1950073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127419500731.
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In this paper, the membership function in fuzzy systems is used in the Diffusion Limited Aggregation (DLA) model to investigate the fractal diffusion of soot particles from diesel engine emissions. The transformation of the morphology of soot particle aggregates and the control of fractal diffusion of soot particles are investigated by analyzing the nonlinear relationship between the motion steps and angles of diffusing particles. The simulation results demonstrate that the morphology of the aggregates varies from loose to compact by changing the particles’ motion steps and angles in membership functions. Meanwhile, the Ballistic Aggregation (BA)-like aggregates are obtained. Furthermore, the control of the morphology of soot particle aggregates is realized, which makes the settlement of the aggregates become easier. This will provide a reference for further understanding the growth mechanism of soot particle diffusion and enhancing the purification technology of the soot particles.
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Papavassiliou, Kostas A., i Athanasios G. Papavassiliou. "The Bumpy Road towards mTOR Inhibition in Glioblastoma: Quo Vadis?" Biomedicines 9, nr 12 (1.12.2021): 1809. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9121809.
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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a grade IV astrocytoma, is a lethal brain tumor with a poor prognosis. Despite recent advances in the molecular biology of GBM, neuro-oncologists have very limited treatment options available to improve the survival of GBM patients. A prominent signaling pathway implicated in GBM pathogenesis is that of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Attempts to target the mTOR pathway with first-generation mTOR inhibitors appeared promising in the preclinical stage; however, results have been disappointing in clinical trials, owing to the heterogeneous nature of GBM, escape mechanisms against treatment, the blood–brain barrier, drug-related toxicities, and the imperfect design of clinical trials, among others. The development of next-generation mTOR inhibitors and their current evaluation in clinical trials have sparked new hope to realize the clinical potential of mTOR inhibitors in GBM. Meanwhile, studies are continuously furthering our understanding of mTOR signaling dysregulation, its downstream effects, and interplay with other signaling pathways in GBM tumors. Therefore, it remains to be seen whether targeting mTOR in GBM will eventually prove to be fruitful or futile.
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Henry, T. D., S. L. Archer, D. Nelson, E. K. Weir i A. H. From. "Postischemic oxygen radical production varies with duration of ischemia". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 264, nr 5 (1.05.1993): H1478—H1484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1993.264.5.h1478.
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Oxygen radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury. Enhanced chemiluminescence is a sensitive technique for continuous nondestructive measurement of oxygen radical generation. Using an isolated perfused rat heart model, we studied the effect of variable durations of ischemia on oxygen radical generation and postischemic myocardial function. Peak postischemic oxygen radical generation was higher with an intermediate period of ischemia (11.5 min; 528 +/- 53 counts/s) than with either a shorter period (5 min; 328 +/- 21 counts/s) or a prolonged period (40.8 min; 286 +/- 53 counts/s). The magnitude of oxygen radical generation did not correlate with postischemic mechanical function, although it was related to the duration of ischemia with regard to brief and intermediate periods of ischemia (both associated with limited mechanical damage). The increased reperfusion chemiluminescence seen with the intermediate versus the brief ischemic insults can be explained by time-dependent enhancement of the mechanisms present during ischemia that serve to increase oxygen radical generation during reperfusion. In contrast, the longer period of ischemia, resulting in severe mechanical dysfunction, was associated with lower levels of chemiluminescence than observed with an intermediate ischemic duration. This most likely results from the irreversible myocardial injury associated with prolonged ischemia and the consequent inability to generate oxygen radicals. We conclude that, although reperfusion-associated enhancement of myocardial free radical generation may be related to mild to moderate postischemic mechanical dysfunction (stunning), this mechanism may not be of importance in the generation of irreversible reperfusion myocardial injury.
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Coldwell, David Alastair Lindsay, i Tasneem Joosub. "Corporate social responsibility in South Africa: quo vadis?" African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 6, nr 4 (7.12.2015): 466–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-11-2013-0102.
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Purpose – Strategies and policies aimed at alleviating poverty in Sub-Saharan African countries usually depend on capitalistically driven economic growth. However, the view that capitalism needs to reinvent itself to survive the crisis of confidence brought about by the recent global financial collapse depends on the extent to which such a shared value oriented, sustainable capitalist reinvention is embraced by emergent business leaders. A sustainable system of capitalism driven by business and community shared value can only take root if the hearts and minds of future business leaders are convinced of their cogency and appropriateness. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This paper reports the findings of an empirical study utilizing a Likert-type scale designed to measure corporate shared value (CSV) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) among a sample of fourth year accountancy students at a leading South African university. Findings – Preliminary findings suggest that perceptions of this group of emergent leaders generally regard CSR rather than CSV as the “correct” business model for companies to follow. Although the sample is limited to one South African university and is relatively small, it contributes to the literature by offering insight into emergent business leaders’ perceptions and their view of the direction of CSR in South Africa should take. Research limitations/implications – Implications of the paper are that by offering insight into emergent business leaders’ perceptions of South African society and specifically their view of the direction South African CSR should take, the paper suggests prescriptive remedial steps in policy that educational and other learning institutions could take to engender appropriate social values in learners. Originality/value – The study contributes to the literature by offering devised and tested measuring instruments for CSR and CSV in the South African context and gives insight into emergent business leaders’ perceptions and their view of the direction of CSR in South Africa should take.
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Szöőr, Árpád, János Szöllősi i György Vereb. "From antibodies to living drugs: Quo vadis cancer immunotherapy?" Biologia Futura 72, nr 1 (1.02.2021): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42977-021-00072-6.
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AbstractIn the last few decades, monoclonal antibodies targeting various receptors and ligands have shown significant advance in cancer therapy. However, still a great percentage of patients experiences tumor relapse despite persistent antigen expression. Immune cell therapy with adoptively transferred modified T cells that express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) is an engaging option to improve disease outcome. Designer T cells have been applied with remarkable success in the treatment for acute B cell leukemias, yielding unprecedented antitumor activity and significantly improved overall survival. Relying on the success of CAR T cells in leukemias, solid tumors are now emerging potential targets; however, their complexity represents a significant challenge. In preclinical models, CAR T cells recognized and efficiently killed the wide spectrum of tumor xenografts; however, in human clinical trials, limited antitumor efficacy and serious side effects, including cytokine release syndrome, have emerged as potential limitations. The next decade will be an exciting time to further optimize this novel cellular therapeutics to improve effector functions and, at the same time, keep adverse events in check. Moreover, we need to establish whether gene-modified T cells which are yet exclusively used for cancer patients could also be successful in the treatment for other diseases. Here, we provide a concise overview about the transition from monoclonal antibodies to the generation of chimeric antigen receptor T cells. We summarize lessons learned from preclinical models, including our own HER2-positive tumor models, as well as from clinical trials worldwide. We also discuss the challenges we are facing today and outline future prospects.
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Reinhard, Michael. "Compétences et savoirs variés au service des forêts du futur". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 174, S1 (1.09.2023): s8—s11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2023.s0008.
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Résumé Cet essai dépeint notre monde actuel: une multitude d'informations, vraies ou fausses, à portée de clic pose de nouveaux défis aux professionnels de la forêt qui doivent anticiper la communication avant de se retrouver face à l'incompréhension de la population. Les changements climatiques mettent en danger les multiples prestations attendues de la forêt et apportent leur lot d'incertitudes. Aux professionnels de se former et s'informer. L'OFEV accompagne depuis des décennies la formation à tout niveau: de la forestière-bûcheronne à l'ingénieur forestier. Les professionnels généralistes multifonctionnels qui doivent tout savoir et tout pouvoir faire atteignent leur limite. L'auteur propose de remplacer ces combattants solitaires par un réseau d'experts agissant agilement ensemble pour amener des réponses adéquates aux problèmes actuels et aux défis à venir.
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Van Gossum, H., T. Robb, M. R. Forbes i L. Rasmussen. "Female-limited polymorphism in a widespread damselfly: morph frequencies, male density, and phenotypic similarity of andromorphs to males". Canadian Journal of Zoology 86, nr 10 (październik 2008): 1131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z08-091.
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In several animal species, one male type coexists with two to several female types, a polymorphism often explained in the context of sexual selection. Where it occurs, one female morph typically resembles the conspecific male phenotype, but the degree of resemblance varies across species. Here, we question whether the degree of phenotypic similarity between male-like females and males varies within species. Phenotypic resemblance is hypothesized to depend on the potential for frequency- and density-dependent selection on male and (or) female phenotypes. We studied six populations of the damselfly Nehalennia irene (Hagen, 1861) that differed widely in estimates of morph frequency and male density. Male-like females resemble males more than another female type resembles males, across populations, when comparisons are based on abdominal patterns. Abdomen phenotype does matter in male–female interactions of damselflies. Furthermore, male-like females were more similar to males at low and high density sites compared with sites with intermediate densities, contrary to the hypothesis that the potential for male harassment influences the degree of phenotypic similarity. Additionally, male-like females of most populations converged on the abdominal phenotype of males of one population rather than on that of syntopic males; a problem that has not received any attention.
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Saptono, Prianto Budi, i Ismail Khozen. "Income Tax Policy Amidst Covid-19 Pandemic: Quo Vadis Indonesia?" AKRUAL: Jurnal Akuntansi 14, nr 1 (26.09.2022): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jaj.v14n1.p17-29.
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Social distancing policies are a common measure taken by many countries worldwide to prevent the spread of Covid-19 cases. However, the consequence is that the income generated by many people is limited and tends to widen inequality. In a similar situation, many governments need more significant spending to save both health and economy. Given the difficult situation for many people, especially in generating income, this study analyzes the international best practice of income tax policies amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. Besides, this study analyzes how the income tax policy in Indonesia responds to the Covid-19 pandemic and its prospects. The research method used to conduct this study is descriptive qualitative. The results show that income tax policies are one of the most crucial matters that countries worldwide can do to deal with the pandemic. These policies vary from tax relief, recovery-oriented stimulus, and tax increases. Concerning the situation in Indonesia, policies need to be directed at evaluating the income tax policies that have been adopted so far. Individual income tax increases in the upper bracket and the introduction of new taxes such as carbon tax may be essential considerations to save the economy and health. However, the government also needs to manage sensitive issues such as corruption to win people's support to recover from the pandemic.
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MANFREDI, E. "Intérêt et limites de la sélection intra-race assistée par marqueurs". INRAE Productions Animales 13, HS (22.12.2000): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2000.13.hs.3845.
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La prédiction de la réponse à la sélection intra-race assistée par marqueurs (SAM) varie en fonction des contextes étudiés et des approches de simulation utilisées. Les bénéfices théoriques de la SAM annoncés dans le passé ont été revus à la baisse, mais l’utilisation des typages offre des nouvelles possibilités de sélection qui doivent être raisonnées. Quand on dispose de marqueurs associés étroitement à des QTL importants, la modalité d’utilisation des typages dépend de l’objectif génétique recherché. Quand le déséquilibre de liaison entre les marqueurs et les QTL n’est pas garanti, la SAM peut devenir coûteuse et son application nécessite une évaluation économique préalable.
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Becker, William, Matthew DiCicco, Justin Garretson i Steven Dubowsky. "A control architecture for a mobile heavy-lift precision manipulator with limited sensory information". Robotica 25, nr 2 (marzec 2007): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574707003335.
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SUMMARYMobile robotic manipulators can augment the strength and dexterity of human operators in unstructured environments. Here, the control system for a six degree-of-freedom heavy-lift mobile manipulator for lifting and inserting payloads on the deck of a ship is described. The robotic hardware and the application present several control challenges, including structural resonances, high joint friction that varies with time, limited sensors for measuring the joint friction, complex interaction with the environment, tight tolerances for the insertion tasks, lack of bilateral force feedback of the contact forces, and ship motions. The control system enables an operator to perform insertion tasks using feedback of tactile clues of the manipulator position, and reduces the effects of friction with a combination of sensor-based, adaptive, and model-based methods of friction compensation. The control architecture is validated in simulation and on a laboratory manipulator.
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Strzelecki, Przemysław, Janusz Sempruch i Krzysztof Nowicki. "Comparing Guidelines Concerning Construction of the S-N Curve within Limited Fatigue Life Range". Polish Maritime Research 22, nr 3 (1.09.2015): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2015-0058.
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Abstract The article collates guidelines concerning experimental construction of the S-N fatigue curves within a limited fatigue life range. An attempt is made to compare these guidelines, based on experimental data recorded during rotating bending of a notched specimen made of 42CrMo4. The recorded differences in fatigue life values between the constructed curves reach the maximum of 12.2%. According to the above guidelines, the number of tests in particular test series varies from 6 to 28. Based on the performed analysis a conclusion was made that the increase in the number of tests leads to the increase of accuracy but, on the other hand, remarkably increases the time of the experiment and, consequently, its cost. In this context, it is the research worker who, taking into account a possible future use of the fatigue curve, should individually decide about its accuracy.
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Kocziszky, György. "Quo Vadis, Market Economy? Challenges of Sustainability and Values, Possible Answers". Pénzügyi Szemle = Public Finance Quarterly 69, nr 1 (2023): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35551/pfq_2023_1_1.
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Over the past half century, mainstream economics, the theoretical basis for the functioning of market economies, has contemplated value-neutral models paradoxically disconnected from reality. The forced abstraction of these models, as well as the fact that economic policies have been dominated by deregulation and liberalization resulted in a situation where markets have not been able to handle crises properly, and they themselves have become the causes of them. In this study, the author claims that there is a solution: a sustainable market economy, based on the reintegration of value orientation into market processes. In other words, a paradigm shift is needed with sustainability in its focus. But sustainability is just a buzzword, as long as we fail to realize the fact that we have limited room for manoeuvre in society and economy, and we cannot do everything we would otherwise have the opportunity to do. Knowing this, we can state it with certainty that only those nations will be successful in the 21st century that find the path to a sustainable market economy and are able to follow it. The model outlined by the author suggests directions for implementing this idea.
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Chen, Bao Kui, i Feng Zhong Sun. "Concept of Limited Corrosion Dew Point for Coal-Fired Boiler and Experimental Research". Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (lipiec 2014): 908–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.908.
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Inadequacy was discussed of using acid dew point temperature (ADT) as safe low limitation of exhaust gas temperature on the background of waste heat deep utilization of flue gases. Concept of limited corrosion dew point (LCT) was presented based on corrosion property of ordinary carbon steel and binary phase equilibrium of H2SO4-H2O system,. Calculation formula of LCT was solved by establishing fugacity equation of H2O with a fixed concentration and constant pressure. The results show that LCT lies during 68-84°C when volume percentage of H2O vapor varies from 6-12% which is in line with that of exhaust gas of boiler. The maximum relative error of the calculated data is 1.43% in contrast to reported data. Ordinary carbon steel in contact with flue gas with its surface temperature above LCT will not occur obvious corrosion and wet soot deposition through observation of experiment on site. It is available for exhaust gas temperature to decline below ADT but above LCT in process of deep utilization of waste heat of flue gas.
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Ummu Lisa’ada, Moh. Agung Surianto, Tiara Khoerunnisa i Prayudi Harianto. "Analisis Kualitas Layanan Perdagangan Umum pada PT. Varia Usaha Fabrikasi". Economic Reviews Journal 3, nr 1 (12.02.2024): 150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.56709/mrj.v3i1.143.
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This research aims to analyze the quality of general trading services at PT. Varia Fabrication Business and to determine the influence of service quality through aspects (Tangibility, Reliability, Responsiveness, Guarantee, Empathy) on customer satisfaction. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach, and uses data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews. The results of this research show that the tangible aspect is said to be very good in accordance with customer demand with quality products at affordable prices. In terms of vendor reliability, it is not good because of the limited time given by the user to the vendor, resulting in delays in sending price quote requests. In the aspect of responsiveness, it is very well known from the statements of informants who are quite satisfied with the products and try to receive complaints from customers. From the guarantee aspect, it is very good, apart from quality products, we are also satisfied with PT. Varia Fabrication Business because the delivery of goods is accompanied by a goods guarantee letter. In terms of attention, it is very good that communication goes well, is easy to contact and is always polite and friendly to customers. From the conclusions, the author provides several suggestions, namely evaluating performance with the concept of being on time, preferably PT. Varia Usaha Fabricasi carries out performance evaluations, where management must eliminate all forms of activities that do not have added value, then PT. Varia Fabrication Business needs to be committed to improving quality, continuously improving services and simplifying activities so that operational activities are more effective
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Weston*, David J., David J. Weston, Ginger A. Swire-Clark i Wm Vance Baird. "Insights into the Role of Rubisco Activase in Heat Stress-limited Photosynthesis". HortScience 39, nr 4 (lipiec 2004): 855D—855. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.855d.
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Rubisco, the primary enzyme governing carbon assimilation, is dependent upon Rubisco activase. The heat sensitivity of activase, including its expression and thermal stability, varies among species and is considered a key component governing photosynthetic performance in response to moderate heat stress (32-35 °C). However, the Rubsico-Rubsico activase association has yet to be examined among woody plants or varieties within a species, the understanding of which will assist cultivar improvement strategies. Using molecular and physiological techniques to study the role of activase in thermal regulation of photosynthesis, we found that net photosynthesis decreased in Acer rubrum L. `Northwood' at 31°C, whereas the southern variety, A. rubrum `Florida Flame', maintained optimal assimilation rates up to 36 °C. Additionally, the maximal carboxylation rate of Rubisco (Vcmax) at 35 °C was 31.7% lower for Northwood in comparison to Florida Flame. The cloned activase sequences from both cultivars show 97% nucleotide homology and 98% amino acid identity, indicating the potential for similar protein product formation and function. Interestingly, sequence analysis indicates that both cultivars produce at least two isoforms of activase derived from alternative transcript splicing. We will discuss activase mRNA processing and protein isoform abundance in relation to Rubisco kinetic properties as a function of heat tolerance in these two thermally contrasting woody plant genotypes.
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Maharini, Kadek, Eka Gunawijaya, Ni Putu Veny Kartika Yantie, I. Made Kardana i Wayan Sudarma. "The pentalogy of cantrell in limited resources: A case report". Intisari Sains Medis 14, nr 2 (24.06.2023): 511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i2.1676.
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Background: Pentalogy of Cantrell (PC) is a rare anomaly, and the incidence varies from 5.5 to 7.9 per million live births. The components are defined as a defect of the lower sternum, a midline supraumbilical thoracoabdominal wall defect, a deficiency of the diaphragmatic pericardium, a deficiency of the anterior diaphragm, and congenital cardiac anomalies. The pathognomonic characteristic of this syndrome is the coexistence of omphalocele and ectopia cordis. Diagnosis is possible by antenatal or physical examination, and other tests should be performed to detect other anomalies, including the heart's anomaly. Surgical treatment is complex, and various operative techniques often require a staged approach. The mortality rate is quite high, with a survival rate of less than 5%. Case presentation: Two-day-old male infant was complained that his heart had been outside his chest wall since birth without covering by skin or sternum. He was born on aterm through section cesarean with a vigorous baby condition. Section cesarean was chosen because his mother has Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)—no family history with similar symptoms. While pregnant, the mother regularly checks with the midwife and fetal ultrasonography only once during the third trimester but did not find the defect, no history of drug abuse, teratogen exposure, smoking, alcohol, or consanguinity. The midline defect extended from the lower part of the sternum completely. Echocardiography found defects such as classic Tetralogy of Fallot, mild atrial regurgitation, mild mitral regurgitation, mild tricuspid regurgitation, and suspect mass at left atrium (LA). The patients underwent surgery by covering the heart with a silo bag. Three days after the procedure, the patient's condition worsened and death because of the sepsis. Conclusion: Prenatal diagnosis is important in guiding the surgical team to estimate the prognosis and reduce a postnatal management strategy. Early management can provide the basic care necessary to keep the patients until definitive management can be provided.
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Gashu, D., P. C. Nalivata, T. Amede, E. L. Ander, E. H. Bailey, L. Botoman, C. Chagumaira i in. "The nutritional quality of cereals varies geospatially in Ethiopia and Malawi". Nature 594, nr 7861 (19.05.2021): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03559-3.
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AbstractMicronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) remain widespread among people in sub-Saharan Africa1–5, where access to sufficient food from plant and animal sources that is rich in micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) is limited due to socioeconomic and geographical reasons4–6. Here we report the micronutrient composition (calcium, iron, selenium and zinc) of staple cereal grains for most of the cereal production areas in Ethiopia and Malawi. We show that there is geospatial variation in the composition of micronutrients that is nutritionally important at subnational scales. Soil and environmental covariates of grain micronutrient concentrations included soil pH, soil organic matter, temperature, rainfall and topography, which were specific to micronutrient and crop type. For rural households consuming locally sourced food—including many smallholder farming communities—the location of residence can be the largest influencing factor in determining the dietary intake of micronutrients from cereals. Positive relationships between the concentration of selenium in grain and biomarkers of selenium dietary status occur in both countries. Surveillance of MNDs on the basis of biomarkers of status and dietary intakes from national- and regional-scale food-composition data1–7 could be improved using subnational data on the composition of grain micronutrients. Beyond dietary diversification, interventions to alleviate MNDs, such as food fortification8,9 and biofortification to increase the micronutrient concentrations in crops10,11, should account for geographical effects that can be larger in magnitude than intervention outcomes.
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Kaneko, Rena, Yuzuru Sato i Yasuki Kobayashi. "Cholangiocarcinoma Prognosis Varies over Time Depending on Tumor Site and Pathology". Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases 27, nr 1 (31.03.2018): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.271.kak.
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Background: Cholangiocarcinoma is a relatively rare cancer that is difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis. Currently, knowledge concerning its etiology, tumor localization, and pathological features remains limited. The present study aimed to clarify the clinico-epidemiologic nature of cholangiocarcinoma with its clinical subtypes using the largest regional cancer registry in Japan.Methods: Using a regional cancer registry in Kanagawa prefecture, Japan, we estimated three-year and five-year survival rates of cholangiocarcinoma patients, who were classified into two groups: intrahepatic (i-CCA) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (e-CCA) cases. The hazard ratio for each subtype, including pathological tissue type and tumor site, was calculated.Results: During the period from 1976 to 2013, 14,287 cases of cholangiocarcinoma were identified. The prognosis markedly improved after 2006, when a new type of chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma was introduced in Japan. Patients with i-CCA were more likely to be younger, and less likely to undergo surgery than those with e-CCA. The prognosis of cases with i-CCA was poor compared to that of patients with e-CCA.Conclusion: In Japan, i-CCA was more likely to develop in younger people and to have a poor prognosis. The prognosis of both i-CCA and e-CCA cases markedly improved after 2006. The present study describes clinico-epidemiological features of cholangiocarcinoma that may be useful for determining therapeutic strategies for this disease.
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Kumar, V. Dhilip, P. Rajesh, Oana Geman, Maria Daniela Craciun, Muhammad Arif i Roxana Filip. "“Quo Vadis Diagnosis”: Application of Informatics in Early Detection of Pneumothorax". Diagnostics 13, nr 7 (30.03.2023): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071305.
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A pneumothorax is a condition that occurs in the lung region when air enters the pleural space—the area between the lung and chest wall—causing the lung to collapse and making it difficult to breathe. This can happen spontaneously or as a result of an injury. The symptoms of a pneumothorax may include chest pain, shortness of breath, and rapid breathing. Although chest X-rays are commonly used to detect a pneumothorax, locating the affected area visually in X-ray images can be time-consuming and prone to errors. Existing computer technology for detecting this disease from X-rays is limited by three major issues, including class disparity, which causes overfitting, difficulty in detecting dark portions of the images, and vanishing gradient. To address these issues, we propose an ensemble deep learning model called PneumoNet, which uses synthetic images from data augmentation to address the class disparity issue and a segmentation system to identify dark areas. Finally, the issue of the vanishing gradient, which becomes very small during back propagation, can be addressed by hyperparameter optimization techniques that prevent the model from slowly converging and poorly performing. Our model achieved an accuracy of 98.41% on the Society for Imaging Informatics in Medicine pneumothorax dataset, outperforming other deep learning models and reducing the computation complexities in detecting the disease.
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Maillol, J. M., i W. L. Bandy. "Paleomagnetism of the Talpa de Allende and Mascota grabens, western Mexico: A preliminary report". Geofísica Internacional 33, nr 1 (1.01.1994): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.1994.33.1.546.
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Varios autores han propuesto que el Bloque de Jalisco del oeste de México ha sido sometido a deformaciones internas asociadas con un movimiento hacia el noroeste con respecto a la placa Norteamericana. Estas deformaciones habrían resultado en la formación de varias fosas tectónicas dentro de la parte norte del Bloque. Dos de estas fosas son la de Mascota y la de Talpa Allende. Los análisis datos paleomagnéticos de seis distintos flujos de lava recientes encontraos en las fosas de Mascota y Talpa no indican movimientos estadísticamente significativos en la zona. Mas precisamente, la dirección esperada (campo dipolar axial, D=0°, I=37°) se encuentra dentro del cono de confianza de 95% de la dirección paleomagnética promedia (D=352.2°, I=24.0°,α95=16.8°). Sin embargo, la proximidad del polo de referencia Norteamericano y del limite de confianza a 95% del polo paleomagnético indica que datos adicionales podrían permitir la definición de un movimiento significativo hacia el Norte, de la parte de Bloque de Jalisco, o la definición de un basculamiento local de la zona.
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Haug, Øystein T., Matthias Rosenau, Michael Rudolf, Karen Leever i Onno Oncken. "Short communication: Runout of rock avalanches limited by basal friction but controlled by fragmentation". Earth Surface Dynamics 9, nr 3 (23.06.2021): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-665-2021.
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Abstract. Rock avalanches produce exceptionally long run-outs that correlate with their rock volume. This relationship has been attributed to the size-dependent dynamic lowering of the effective basal friction. However, it has also been observed that run-outs of rock avalanches with similar volumes can span several orders of magnitude, suggesting additional controlling factors. Here, we analyse analogue models of rock avalanches, with the experiments designed to test the role of dynamic fragmentation. We show that for a fixed low basal friction, the run-out of experimental rock avalanches varies over 2 orders of magnitude and is determined by their degree of fragmentation, while the basal friction acts only as an upper limit on run-out. We interpret the run-out's dependence on fragmentation as being controlled by the competition between mobility enhancing spreading and energy-consuming fragmentation limited by basal friction. We formalize this competition into a scaling law based on energy conservation, which shows that the variation in the degree of fragmentation can contribute to the large variation in run-out of rock avalanches seen in nature.
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Allen, Barry J., Eva Bezak i Loredana G. Marcu. "Quo Vadis Radiotherapy? Technological Advances and the Rising Problems in Cancer Management". BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/749203.
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Purpose. Despite the latest technological advances in radiotherapy, cancer control is still challenging for several tumour sites. The survival rates for the most deadly cancers, such as ovarian and pancreatic, have not changed over the last decades. The solution to the problem lies in the change of focus: from local treatment to systemic therapy. The aim of this paper is to present the current status as well as the gaps in radiotherapy and, at the same time, to look into potential solutions to improve cancer control and survival.Methods. The currently available advanced radiotherapy treatment techniques have been analysed and their cost-effectiveness discussed. The problem of systemic disease management was specifically targeted.Results. Clinical studies show limited benefit in cancer control from hadron therapy. However, targeted therapies together with molecular imaging could improve treatment outcome for several tumour sites while controlling the systemic disease.Conclusion. The advances in photon therapy continue to be competitive with the much more expensive hadron therapy. To justify the cost effectiveness of proton/heavy ion therapy, there is a need for phase III randomised clinical trials. Furthermore, the success of systemic disease management lies in the fusion between radiation oncology technology and microbiology.
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Webster, Patrick, Nicholas Leseberg, Stephen Murphy i James Watson. "Descriptions of the vocalisations of the Painted Button-quail Turnix varius in North Queensland". Australian Field Ornithology 40 (2023): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo40111119.
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The Painted Button-quail Turnix varius is a widespread and frequently encountered ground-dwelling bird endemic to Australia. Despite being regularly recorded throughout its distribution, our understanding of this species’ vocalisations is poor. Published accounts are limited to brief descriptions without quantitative analyses in a standardised format. This presents challenges in separating the vocalisations of this species from other similar species, particularly as vocalising button-quail are seldom observed. We recorded the vocalisations of Painted Button-quail from North Queensland. These vocalisations were identified as advertising ooms, drumming and contact calls. These vocalisation types appear analogous to those described for other button-quail species, though some key differences particularly in the advertising oom will likely prove diagnostic. Here we present descriptions and visual representations of each of these vocalisation types.
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Khan, Salah J. "« L’hallucination, cet hôte étrange » : les limites de la raison au Club des Hachichins". Çédille 7 (1.09.2017): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/ced.v7i.10890.
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Enmarcado en el contexto de la representación literaria de las drogas, su razón de ser, sus efectos y sus consecuencias, este artículo analiza principalmente varios textos clave de Baudelaire y Gautier, dos de los exploradores más audaces de ivresse del siglo XIX y que fueron participantes en el Club des hachichins bajo la tutela del Dr. Moreau. La condición de la posibilidad de sus experiencias liminales es el consumo de drogas, el cual les permite perderse, voluntariamente, en un espacio más allá de los puntos de referencia del pensamiento convencional, en el marco cambiante, y a veces inalcanzable, entre la razón y la locura.
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Mitrić, Petar, i Tamara Kolarić. "Audience Impact of European Co-production: The Case of Quo Vadis, Aida?" Cinéma & Cie. Film and Media Studies Journal 23, nr 41 (5.04.2024): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2036-461x/20518.
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European co-productions are usually the most ambitious European films, combining multiple sources of financing and targeting both transnational audiences and critical acclaim. However, their success with audiences is often quite limited in terms of admissions. In this article, we investigate the sources of this audience challenge for European co-productions adopting the perspective centered on audience design. We look at what we define as “ideal European co-productions”—films of high artistic value with festival visibility, an “ideal script” and clear socio-cultural and political value. We identify, drawing primarily on literature in theatre studies, four different groups of target audiences for these films—average spectators, emancipated spectators, spect-actors and emancipated spect-actors—and offer a framework for understanding what mobilizes these audience groups to seek out and view films. We then use Quo Vadis, Aida?, a 2020 film by Jasmila Žbanić, as an in-depth case study to show how, in practice, a lack of strategy at both production and distribution stage can result in failing to reach the target audiences even for films that show significant audience potential and have well-defined socio-political goals. We end the study pointing to the limitations of our work as well as offering suggestions for further research and policy development.
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Bejiqi, Ramush, Ragip Retkoceri, Hana Bejiqi, Aferdita Mustafa, Arlinda Maloku i Rinor Bejiqi. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Ebstein Anomaly in a Centre with Limited Resources: A Potential Pitfall". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, nr C (4.10.2021): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6012.
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BACKGROUND: Ebstein anomaly is a rare congenital cardiac malformation characterized by varying degrees of downward displacement of the tricuspid valve leaflets into the cavity of the right ventricle. The pathophysiology varies with the degree of valvular malfunction, the size, and contractility of the right ventricle, and the presence of obstruction within the right ventricular outflow tract. An early diagnosis makes worse the often prognosis. Fetal echocardiography is a useful tool for the diagnosis of congenital heart disease including the Ebstein anomaly which shows a wide spectrum of ultrasonographic manifestations and, sometimes it can be difficult to make a true prenatal diagnosis. CASE REPORT: Here, we describe a unique case of an Ebstein anomaly in 26 weeks of gestation fetus through prenatal echocardiographic evaluation. Fetus was suspected as a severe form of the Ebstein anomaly, with a severe form of right atrium enlargement, huge tricuspid insufficiency, and hypoplastic pulmonary artery. The atrial septum, dimensions of cardiac structures, left and right cardiac output, and Doppler interrogation of cardiac flows were examined. CONCLUSION: This case study presents a well-documented case of Ebstein’s anomaly type D that was diagnosed prenatally using fetal echocardiography.
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González, Luis, Oscar Espinoza, Luis Sandoval, Noel McGinn i Dante Castillo. "The limited value of ‘employability’ as an objective in the training of Psychologists: Evidence from Chile". Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability 11, nr 1 (1.06.2020): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/jtlge2020vol11no1art920.
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This study, carried out in Chile, describes difficulties in the incorporation of employability as an objective in the training of psychologists. Prior research emphasized confusion of key actors about how to train and measure employability. To illustrate that confusion, we compared perspectives of university Psychology department heads and employers of their graduates. Semi-structured interviews revealed understandings of various elements in the employment process. The department heads began by describing the process and criteria they follow to design, operate and assess their programs. Employers described the skills they have looked for when hiring graduates. Where possible the study notes the match between university training objectives and employer preferences. The skills promoted by universities and employers match on only some dimensions. ‘Employability’ varies in meaning across actors, occupations, and contexts. At present, universities and employers have little understanding of what the other seeks to accomplish.
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Sari, Andari Yuriko, Arif Wicaksana, Amriyati Amriyati i Gabriel Bramantyo Utomo. "Quo Vadis Employee Participation concerning Share Ownership in Companies in Indonesia". Devotion Journal of Community Service 4, nr 4 (30.04.2023): 1017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/devotion.v4i4.460.
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In general, in various companies, workers are rarely considered company assets, so that in various company developments, the role of workers is not an important thing to consider. However, along with the times, workers are then considered as company assets and have even begun to develop in various companies that include workers in share ownership of the company concerned and by participating in company share ownership (ESOP: Employee Stock Ownership Program), thus workers feel become part of the company. Article 43 Paragraph (3) letter a Law no. 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies (“UUPT”) basically states that companies can offer shares to their own employees. However, basically there is no obligation for companies to include their workers in the ownership of company shares according to the Company Law. The problems in share ownership in companies for workers are (1) What are the legal problematic dilemmas regarding workers' participation in share ownership in companies in Indonesia? (2) What is the normative regulation of workers' share ownership in a company if it is to be regulated in sources of employment law, both autonomous and heteronomous? . In general, it can be concluded that there are still many obstacles in terms of workers wanting to be included in company ownership because according to laws and regulations participation in company share ownership is not a mandatory thing for companies to do, but must be an initiative of workers' associations and/or unions. Apart from that, there is also the problem of how to regulate normatively related to share ownership in the company for workers so that workers have a legal basis to own shares in the company.
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Downes, Tom, i Kieran M. Killeen. "So Slow to Change: The Limited Growth of Nontax Revenues in Public Education Finance, 1991–2010". Education Finance and Policy 9, nr 4 (październik 2014): 567–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00147.
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We examine changes in the use of nontax revenues for education finance from 1991 to 2010. Beyond the summary of usage over time, we ask whether nontraditional revenues like fees accentuate or mitigate the impact of downturns. More generally, we examine the extent to which school districts have responded to fiscal pressures by turning to nontax revenues. We also document the extent to which the use of nontax revenues varies across districts according to student poverty status. We show that alternative revenues continue to be a small source of local revenues and have increased quite little since the early 1990s. There was at most a minimal shift to nontax revenues in downturns, though there is evidence of greater use of these revenues among school districts facing more permanent fiscal pressures like tax limits. Differential access to fee revenues and other alternative revenues during downturns may slightly accentuate inequities in K–12 education spending.
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Zimina, Marina V., Lyubov′ L. Chagina i Vladislav V. Ivanov. "EVALUATION OF STEAM PERMEABILITY OF MATERIALS SYSTEMS FOR ADAPTIVE CLOTHING OF PEOPLE WITH LIMITED MOTOR CAPABILITIE". Technologies & Quality 56, nr 2 (25.08.2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2587-6147-2022-2-56-16-23.
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The article presents the results of a study of the characteristics of vapour permeability of materials systems for adaptive clothing of people with motor disabilities. The expediency of experimental evaluation of these indicators for the modern range of jacket fabrics of this target audience has been established. The analysis of the results showed that the value of vapour permeability depends on the structural characteristics and fibrous composition of the material systems and varies in a wide range. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of the vapour permeability of the material systems allows, during confection, to choose a ra-tional option for creating garments that are characterised by high consumer value from the point of view of providing comfortable microclimate conditions of the space under the clothes during operation. The results of experimental studies can be used at the design stage to predict the characteristics of vapour permeability of systems of materials of the jacket assortment of clothing for people with disabilities.
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Priyangga, M. Ragil Yoga, i Muhamad Hanif Yasyfi. "Quo Vadis Kebijakan: Analisa Vicious Circle of Poverty Nelayan Tradisional akibat Kebijakan PSBB". NeoRespublica : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan 2, nr 1 (8.12.2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52423/neores.v2i1.14867.
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This study aims to provide an overview of the influence of (Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) on the poverty status of traditional fishermen in Tegalsari, Tegal City.Using a qualitative-descriptive method, this study explores and explores the relationship between the impact of the PSBB policy and the poverty status of fishermen. This study uses a vicious cycle of poverty theory and the public policy cycle to help examine the results. In short, instead of policies helping to ease the burden, those that exist have added to the bankruptcy of the fishermen's life. Especially about the PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions) policy, two factors have led to the added poverty of fishermen, namely: this policy has limited economic space which makes it difficult for fishermen to make transactions between fishermen and buyers, and reduces the selling price of fish in the market. The government needs to pay attention to this so that it always evaluates its policies, especially in dealing with pandemics and poverty. The government also needs to reform the bureaucracy and strive for information and communication open to the public. Keywords: Poverty, Traditional Fishermen, Large-Scale Social Restrictions
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Alkhaldy, Areej, Christine A. Edwards i Emilie Combet. "The urinary phenolic acid profile varies between younger and older adults after a polyphenol-rich meal despite limited differences in in vitro colonic catabolism". European Journal of Nutrition 58, nr 3 (27.02.2018): 1095–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1625-1.
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Vanoost, Marie. "VARIA. Éthique et expression de l’expérience subjective en journalisme narratif". Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo 2, nr 2 (15.12.2013): 160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/slj.v2.n2.2013.102.
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Le journalisme narratif, phénomène actuellement en (re-)développement dans les pays d’Europe francophone et largement répandu aux Etats-Unis, vise à créer une forme d’« expérience » pour le lecteur, à lui faire « vivre » l’histoire racontée. Il accorde donc une importance particulière à tout ce qui relève de l’expérience subjective des sujets impliqués dans l’histoire. Pour créer cette « expérience », le journaliste a recours à des techniques d’écriture qui ont pourtant été identifiées comme des indices de fictionnalité : les verbes de sentiment et de pensée ou le discours indirect libre, par exemple. Cela soulève des questions sur le plan éthique. En empruntant certaines notions à la narratologie, principalement celles de focalisation et de voix, cet submission détaille l’une de ces questions : comment, avec quelles limites et en référence à quelles valeurs éthiques, le journaliste peut-il rendre compte des pensées et sentiments de ses sujets ? L’submission présente d’abord le seul positionnement qui semble, sur la base d’une réflexion purement théorique, respecter les différentes exigences et valeurs éthiques. Il analyse ensuite les stratégies d’écriture concrètes mises en place dans deux submissions narratifs francophones, « Bienvenue chez Mugabe ! » de Sophie Bouillon (XXI) et « Dans le Sud afghan, la drôle de guerre » d’Alain Lallemand (Le Soir), montrant ainsi comment il est possible de contourner les contraintes qui semblaient posées a priori.
Narrative journalism is a journalistic model now (re-)developing in Francophone European countries while already widespread in the United States. Because it attempts to make the reader “feel” the story, this kind of journalism emphasizes conveying the subjective experience of the subjects - the people who are involved in this story. In order to do so, the journalist uses writing techniques that are usually considered fiction devices, such as thinking and feeling verbs, or free indirect discourse. This, however, raises ethical issues. Referring to the framework of narratology, and mainly to the notions of focalization and voice, this submission discusses one of these ethical issues: how, with what limitations, and in accordance with what ethical values can the journalist convey the thoughts and feelings of his subjects? The submission first builds on a theoretical discussion to describe the only position that seems to respect ethical requirements and values. Then it analyzes the writing strategies adopted in two Francophone narratives, “Bienvenue chez Mugabe!” by Sophie Bouillon (XXI) and “Dans le Sud afghan, la drôle de guerre” by Alain Lallemand (Le Soir), showing how a priori constraints can be bent in particular texts.
O jornalismo narrativo, fenômeno atualmente em desenvolvimento nos países da Europa francófona e já largamente difundido nos Estados Unidos, permite tratar em profundidade tudo o que releva a experiência subjetiva dos sujeitos, em que o jornalismo, procura fazer o leitor “viver” a história contada. Para tal, o jornalista tem a sua disposição técnicas de escrita que são, geralmente, próprias de histórias de ficção, como os verbos de sentimentos e de pensamentos, ou o discurso indireto livre. Isso levanta, no entanto, questões no plano ético. Ao efetuar um desvio pela narratologia, principalmente no que diz respeito a noções de focalização e voz, este artigo analisa uma dessas questões: como, com que limites e sobre a base de que valores éticos pode o jornalista transmitir os pensamentos e os sentimentos dos seus sujeitos? O artigo apresenta primeiro a única posição que parece, a partir de uma reflexão puramente teórica, respeitar as diferentes necessidades e valores éticos. Depois analisa as estratégias de escrita especificas implementadas em dois artigos narrativos francófonos - “Bienvenue chez Mugabe!”, de Sophie Bouillon (XXI), e “Dans le Sud afghan, la drôle de guerre”, de Alain Lallemand (Le Soir), mostrando como é possível contornar as restrições que pareciam impostas a priori.
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Pervez, Imran, Charalampos Antoniadis i Yehia Massoud. "Advanced Limited Search Strategy for Enhancing the Performance of MPPT Algorithms". Energies 15, nr 15 (4.08.2022): 5650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155650.
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Photovoltaic (PV) arrays are gaining popularity for electricity generation due to their simple and green energy production. However, the power transfer efficiency of PV varies depending on the load’s electrical properties, the PV panels’ temperature, and the insolation conditions. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a method formulated as an optimization problem that adjusts the PV output voltage to deliver maximum power to the load based on these criteria (maximum power in the P-V curve). MPPT is a convex optimization problem when the Sun’s rays completely cover the PV surface (full insolation). Several power points are formed in the Power vs. Voltage (P-V) curve, rendering MPPT as a non-convex problem during incomplete insolation (partial shadowing) on the PV surface due to barriers such as passing clouds or trees in the path of the Sun and the PV’s surface. Unfortunately, mathematical programming techniques, such as gradient ascent and momentum, are not good optimization candidate algorithms because they cannot distinguish between the local and global maximum of a function (the case of non-convex problems). On the other hand, metaheuristic algorithms have better search space exploration capability, making it easier to discern the P-V curve’s local and global power peaks. However, due to their pseudorandom search space exploration (random with some intuition), there is plenty of room for improving their performance. In this work, we elaborate on the Advanced Limited Search Strategy (ALSS), a technique we proposed in one of our previous works on MPPT. We prove its universal usefulness by applying it to other MPPT algorithms to enhance their performance. The ALSS first finds the direction where it is most probable to discover the MPP using the finite difference between two candidate duty cycles and then computes a duty cycle between two bounds designated by the previous direction. After that, the resulting duty cycle is further updated according to the metaheuristic update equation. Therefore, the single solution update is another advantage of ALSS that further improves the computational cost of the MPPT algorithms.
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Petrusheva, Nada, i Metin Akiti. "MURABAHA-CONTEMPORARY BANKING TREND WITH LIMITED USAGE IN THE MACEDONIAN FINANCIAL SYSTEM". Knowledge International Journal 28, nr 1 (10.12.2018): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij2801147p.
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Interest-free banking system also known as Islamic banking, represents a system, different from the conventional, with instruments and mechanisms which perform the same function as classic credit-saving instruments. An important feature that separates interest-free concept from standard banking is: to preserve the main Islamic principle, which is the exclusion of interest in every possible form. In that direction, Islamic bankers created instruments that fit the interest-free concept.Many of interest-free credit instruments, over the last years, are increasingly used also by commercial banks, especially trade-based instruments, of which the most widespread and most used is Murabaha. The philosophy of its functioning is the exclusion of interest and its replacement with trading-mode of operation so the bank will not approve classic loans that need to be repaid, upgraded with interest, as is the case with commercial loans. In contrast of that, the bank will buy the asset due to which costumers requires a loan, and then sells the same asset to the costumer with higher (mark-up) price. The price is known in advance and does not change until the end of contract. Thus, costumers are protected from the risk of changing interest rates, which otherwise can affect the amount of debt and their ability to repay, but also have greater foresight about total costs for the loan.The use is not limited only to Islamic banks. Murabaha is popular and can be found as a financial instrument also in commercial banks, beyond the borders of Islamic countries. However, the success in implementing such banking practices varies from state to state, due to a number of obstacles in the tax regulations. Especially, VAT (value added tax), which causes double taxation for Murabaha financial instrument.