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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "L SHAPED BUILDING"
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Chaudhary, Krishna Prasad, i Ankit Mahajan. "Response spectrum analysis of irregular shaped high rise buildings under combined effect of plan and vertical irregularity using csi etabs". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 889, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/889/1/012055.
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Abstract In this research work several high rise buildings were analyzed using CSI ETABS under the influence of the response spectrum analysis over it. Several different shaped high rise buildings such as H shaped, O shaped and C shaped buildings were taken into consideration for carrying out the research work. All three shaped buildings were of different storey that is of 12 storey and of 16 storey. For proper seismic analysis of all the above discussed buildings, response spectrum method of seismic analysis were taken into consideration. The results of all the buildings for response spectrum analysis were quite different from one another and it was found that the H-shaped building showed better results as compared to the other shaped buildings. It was also seen that the 12 storey building results were quite impressive as compared to the results of the 16 storey building. With the transference of heavy mass, very little effect was seen in latera sway i.e. variation in maximum displacement was negligible. Again, for 16 storey building, maximum displacement was found in the case L-Shaped 16 storey building with the value of 87.804 mm. Again, the transference of heavy masses had a minimal effect on total quantity and cost of the 16 Storey building. In the gist, it was concluded that, bending moments and shear forces were increased from 1.17% to 1.84%. Maximum variation in B.M and S.F. can be seen in O-shaped Building. L-shaped Building produces maximum displacement from all the three irregular shapes i.e. H-shape, L-shaped and O-shaped.
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Krishna, Himanshu. "Study the Behavior of Special Columns on Multi Storey Building for Seismic Ground Motions". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 7 (31.07.2022): 2011–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45642.
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ABSTRACT: Columns are RC building structural elements that are primarily subjected to axial load and moments as they transport them from the superstructure to the substructure. Columns of various shapes and sizes are used. Popular column shapes include square, rectangular, and circular columns, as well as L-shaped, T-shaped, and (+) shaped columns, which are uncommon but provide more interior space than commonly used column shapes. This study aims to examine the seismic performance of multistorey G+10 buildings with Rectangular columns and building with specially shaped columns. According to IS Code 1893(part 1):2016, the proposed buildings are analyzed using equivalent static analysis for zone IV. ETABs are used to analyze the models. After analysis, we conclude that buildings having special columns are safer and have more space as compared to the regular shaped column buildings
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Krishna, Himanshu, i Prince Yadav. "Study the Seismic Behavior of Special Columns in Multi-Story (G+4) Building for Seismic Zone III". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 8 (31.08.2022): 749–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46215.
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Abstract: Columns are RC building structural elements that are primarily subjected to axial load and moments as they transport them from the superstructure to the substructure. Columns of various shapes and sizes are used. Popular column shapes include square, rectangular, and circular columns, as well as L-shaped, T-shaped, and (+) shaped columns, which are uncommon but provide more interior space than commonly used column shapes. This study aims to examine the seismic performance of multistory G+4 buildings with Rectangular columns and building with specially shaped columns. According to IS Code 1893(part 1):2016, the proposed buildings are analyzed using equivalent static analysis for zone III in soil condition 3. ETABs are used to analyze the models. After analysis, we conclude that buildings having special columns are safer and have more space as compared to the regular shaped column buildings
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Mokrzecka, Martyna. "Influence of building shape and orientation on heating demand: simulations for student dormitories in temperate climate conditions". E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400117.
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The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of preliminary design decisions such as building shape and orientation on its heating demand. After analysing plans of forty student dormitories located in heating dominated climate (Dfb and Cfb), eight typical plan layouts were identified and chosen for further analysis. Eight buildings were modelled using these plans and uploaded to dynamic simulation tool, Sefaira. Buildings have the same characteristics (surface, height, thermal properties, location etc.). The next step was to rotate the buildings at 45° intervals and simulate the annual heating demand for each case. The results show that the shape influences the heating energy consumption. The difference between minimum and maximum heating demand in the chosen sample was 50%. The square – shaped buildings have advantages in terms of heating energy consumption over L, U and C-shaped buildings as well as over rectangles with different shape factor. Orientation does not substantially influence the consumption in well insulated buildings. Last step of the research was to analyse the influence of functional layout on heating energy and internal comfort in a square-shaped building.
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Mali, A. A., i P. M. Mohite. "Seismic Behaviour of Building with Soft Storey: Review". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 1 (31.01.2023): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48499.
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Abstract: The high-rise building in which ground storey consists of open space is known as building with soft floor. Such floor plays an important role in seismic performance of the building. This is due to the abrupt changes in lateral stiffness and strength caused by such storey. In the present era there is increase in population, finding parking for flats in congested areas has become a significant issue. As a result, erecting multistory structures with an open first floor is now a widespread practice. These Buildings that have all upper storeys enclosed by masonry walls but no infill masonry walls in the ground story are referred to as "Soft Storey" or "Open Ground Storey Buildings." Compared to regular buildings, irregular structures the drift is observed to be effectively reduced by larger columns, while the shear force and bending moment on the first floor are increased. During a violent earthquake, the Soft Storey buildings function poorly. Understanding the behavior of is this study's primary goal to the building in a seismically active area and to assess the effects of Storey overturning moments, Storey drift, displacement, and design Base shear. For comparison, G-15 story building with five completely distinct shapes a square, an L-shaped building, a Tshaped building, a plus shape building and a C-shaped building is used. ETABS 2018 version is used to analyze the entire set of models. Dynamic Analysis has been examined in the current work to assess the deformation of all five-shape building with and without soft storey considering at different level. When the soft story is offered at a higher level, displacement is reduced. Several studies on this subject that have been done in the past are reviewed in this paper. Reviewing research papers let us know about the conclusive results, which served as the basis for the objective of our future study.
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Monika, Fanny, Berkat Cipta Zega, Hakas Prayuda, Martyana Dwi Cahyati i Yanuar Ade Putra. "The Effect of Horizontal Vulnerability on the Stiffness Level of Reinforced Concrete Structure on High-Rise Buildings". Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 6, nr 1 (31.01.2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jcef.49387.
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Buildings have an essential function; they are a place for people to carry out various activities, such as social, economic, and religious activities. In a building construction plan, considering multiple factors from strength to architecture is necessary. The issue of limited land in some areas has resulted in the construction of vertical buildings, often known as high-rise buildings. High-rise building construction requires paying attention to various levels of vulnerabilities, especially for projects in earthquake-prone areas. In this study, the levels of vulnerability and vertical irregularity of high-rise buildings were analyzed based on structural rigidity for reinforced concrete structures. Building models including a cube-shaped model, L-shaped model, and U-shaped model were investigated. The STERA 3D program was used to determine the strength values of the structures by providing earthquake loads on each structure model using the time-history analysis method. The El Centro and Kobe earthquakes were tested in these structural models because the earthquakes are known to contribute the most exceptional damage value in the history of earthquake-caused disasters. The assessed parameters of the tested structural models include structural stiffness, the most significant displacement in the structure, the maximum displacement and load relations experienced by the construction, and the hysteretic energy exhibited by the structure. Therefore, the best performed structural model in resisting the load could be obtained. The results showed that the U-shaped building model had the highest stiffness value with an increase in stiffness of 7.43% compared with the cube-shaped building model and 3.01% compared with the L-shaped building model.
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Khanal, Bharat, i Hemchandra Chaulagain. "Study of Seismic Response Demands of Different L-shaped Buildings". Himalayan Journal of Applied Science and Engineering 1, nr 1 (18.12.2020): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hijase.v1i1.33537.
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The present study evaluates the effect of plan configuration irregularity of different L shaped models. For this, one regular and six different L-shaped RC building frames were modeled for numerical analysis. The analysis was done through an equivalent static lateral force method and response spectrum analysis (dynamic analysis). The seismic response demands were measured in terms of story displacement, inter-story drift ratio, torsional irregularity ratio, and torsional diaphragm rotation. In addition, fundamental time period of structure, vibration mode shapes and modal participating mass ratios were also studied. The study shows that the fundamental time period of structure based on standard code shows a lower value as compared to a finite element approach. It is concluded that to account for the irregularities present within the buildings, current code provisions are insufficient and should be amended.
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Chhatani, Yash, Prashant Y. Pawade, Kuldeep R. Dabhekar i Isha P. khedikar. "Seismic Performance of L-Shaped Building Through Plan Irregularities". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1197, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1197/1/012050.
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Abstract Tremors are called one in everything about preeminent erratic and annihilating of every cataclysmic event, be that as it may, the flighty idea of the incidence of those seismic tremors makes it inconvenient to hinder loss of living souls and annihilation of properties, if the constructions don’t seem to be designed to oppose such seismic tremor powers. During this paper, a shot has been made to review set up irregularities specifically torsional irregularity and re-entrant corners within the frame structure. These inconsistencies square measure made according to IS 1893:2016 (part1) code. Irregular model and regular model were considered which were analyzed exploitation ETABS 2018 to see the unstable reaction of the structure. The models were analyzed exploitation static and dynamic ways, parameters thought-about being displacement, story drift, torsional irregularity.
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Li, Yi, Ru-Biao Duan, Qiu-Sheng Li, Yong-Gui Li i Chao Li. "Research on the characteristics of wind pressures on L-shaped tall buildings". Advances in Structural Engineering 23, nr 10 (20.02.2020): 2070–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220906934.
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Eight L-shaped rigid models with different geometric dimensions were tested at four typical terrain categories in a boundary wind tunnel to investigate the characteristics of wind pressures on L-shaped tall buildings. The effects including wind direction, turbulence intensity, and geometric dimension on the characteristics of wind pressures on L-shaped tall buildings were studied. Shape factors of each face under the unfavorable wind direction were summarized. Moreover, the power spectral densities, correlation coefficients, and coherence functions were analyzed in frequency domain. Based on the testing results, it is shown that the proposed exponential functions fit the measurements well. The objective of this study is to provide useful information for the wind-resistant design ofL-shaped tall buildings.
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Pratama, M. Mirza Abdillah, Septiana Dyah Sugmana Putri i Edi Santoso. "Analisis Kinerja Bangunan Gedung Tinggi Dengan Penambahan Dinding Geser (Studi Kasus: Bangunan 8 Lantai)". Siklus : Jurnal Teknik Sipil 7, nr 2 (21.09.2021): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/siklus.v7i2.6922.
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Shear walls in high-rise buildings serve to increase the resistance of high-rise buildings to lateral loads. This study aims to compare the structural performance of an existing 8 (eight) storey building designed as a special moment resisting frame structure against a building designed as a dual system, which consists of: structural vibration time, base shear force, displacement, and drift. Three configurations for shear walls are designed, as follows: (1) L-shaped located at the corner of one side of the building, totaling 2 (two) units (SW1); (2) L-shaped located at the four corners of the building totaling 4 (four) units (SW2); and 3) I-shaped located along the side of the building totaling 6 (six) units (SW3). Simulations are run using the Etabs by taking into account dead loads, live loads, and earthquake loads. The results show that the addition of shear walls can: (1) reduce the vibration period of the structure up to 62,55% in SW3, (2) increase the base shear force up to 86,34% in SW3, (3) reduce peak displacement up to 84,86% in SW3, and (4) reduce the drift between floors up to 89,58% in SW3. However, the SW2 is considered to be better applied to the building by taking into account the structural performance, effectiveness and efficiency factors.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "L SHAPED BUILDING"
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Kopečková, Kristýna. "Horský penzion s wellness". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265232.
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The subject of my thesis is the design mountain guesthouse with a wellness centre, which is located in the village of Mala Morávka, at the level of documentation for construction. The new building is located in the cadastre unit Karlov pod Pradědem. This is a two floors, slab-building L-shaped with separate parking for visitors of boarding house and wellness centre. The structural system is composed of ceramic blocks Porotherm and reinforced concrete joist floor. Roof structure is made up of wooden trusses girders saddle shape. Design of mountain guesthouse with wellness centre respects the territorial plan of the village of Malá Morávka.
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Novotná, Markéta. "Akademické náměstí - Fakulta výtvarných umění". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-394036.
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The final thesis is focused on a design of architectural study of a Faculty of fine arts on the area, which is located on a border of two Brno districts Veveří and Žabovřesky. The chosen area is determined by Šumavská Street, Bulínova Street, and Veveří Street. The design follows an already processed part of the project from the first semester in the subject TG02. It is focused on the layout of the buildings in the area and the design of architectonical study for three out of four units – the Faculty of Forensic Engineering, common premises of both faculties and underground garages. The fourth unit, which is the Faculty of Fine Arts, is designed in the second phase as the final thesis. Other units are developed together with the design of the second faculty. The architectonical concept follows the city structure in the nearest surroundings. The main idea was to create a cluster of buildings which respects a human scale, not to create a long endless facades and gigantic masses of buildings. The solution is two L-shaped buildings, which grip the building of common premises. It creates a lot of semipublic and public spaces with a great variety of various functions.
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GUPTA, LAKSHAY. "SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF IRREGULAR BUILDINGS". Thesis, 2019. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/17043.
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This paper deals with the effects of presence of irregularities in buildings on their
seismic performance. The objective of the project is to carry out response spectrum
analysis (RSA) of two reinforced concrete (RC) framed building models, one with a
square shaped plan having symmetry in plan about the orthogonal axes and the other
with an L-shaped plan which is asymmetric in plan, considering vertical mass
irregularity in each floor. Mass irregularity is considered in each floor of the building
models by increasing the value of live load on each floor by 50%, 100%, 150% and
200% and the effect of such increase in live load is studied. Plan area and translational
stiffness of square shaped and L-shaped plan building models is taken to be same in the
present study. The cross-sectional dimension of outer column (at origin in plan) in every
storey is also kept same for both the building models and comparison of the analysis
results is done for such columns. Various analysis results such as base shear, forces in
the outer column elements considered, displacement of joints at the intersection of outer
column elements considered and beam elements in every storey, etc. are obtained using
SAP 2000 version 20.0.0 and the variation of these results is studied by introducing
mass irregularity in each floor one by one. These results are compared for both types of
building models considered. It is observed that base shear and joint displacements are
more for the L-shaped plan building than that for the square shaped plan building. This
led to a conclusion that the square shaped plan building performs better than the L
shaped plan building during a seismic event. It is also observed that presence of mass
irregularity increases the seismic response parameters of the building.
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Chiu, Li-Hong, i 邱禮鴻. "Wind tunnel study on the surface wind pressure characteristics for three square prismatic buildings arranged in L shape". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79475906162680155160.
Pełny tekst źródłaKsiążki na temat "L SHAPED BUILDING"
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Laboratory, Construction Engineering Research, red. Improved heating operations at an L-shaped barracks: Assessment and specifications. Champaign, Ill: US Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, 1992.
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Dumke, Jennifer. W. L. Dow: The Architect Who Shaped Sioux Falls. Arcadia Publishing, 2013.
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Dumke, Jennifer. W. L. Dow: The Architect Who Shaped Sioux Falls. Arcadia Publishing, 2013.
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Vallas, Steven P. The Puzzle of Precarity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791843.003.0011.
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Social scientific efforts to understand the political and economic forces generating precarious employment have been mired in uncertainty. In this context, the Doellgast–Lillie–Pulignano (D–L–P) model represents an important step forward in both theoretical and empirical terms. This concluding chapter scrutinizes the authors’ theoretical model and assesses the present volume’s empirical applications of it. Building on the strengths of the D–L–P model, the chapter identifies several lines of analysis that can fruitfully extend our understanding of the dynamics of precarization, whether at the micro-, meso-, or macro-social levels of analysis. Especially needed are studies that explore the dynamics of organizational fields as these shape employer strategy and state policy towards employment. Such analysis will hopefully shed light on the perils and possibilities that workers’ organizations face as they struggle to cope with the demands of neoliberal capitalism.
Części książek na temat "L SHAPED BUILDING"
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Cao, Yanhui, Jinhua Ye i Gang Hao. "Research on Construction Method of Soft Soil Foundation Pit with L-Shaped Small Steps". W Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 531–41. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2532-2_45.
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AbstractA layered, segmented, and block building technique was created during the construction of the cut-and-cover foundation pit. Traditional foundation pit excavation often necessitates both support erection and mechanical excavation at the same time, however owing to the intersection of support and excavation mechanical operation, which may decrease building efficiency, and the construction requirements are higher due to the low mechanical characteristics of the soil in the silty soil layer. Therefore, the construction method of an L-shaped short step with small steps soft soil foundation pit is proposed, based on the mechanical characteristics of the silty soil layer and the construction operation characteristics of the foundation pit. After excavation, the support is erected using a numerical calculation of the stability of the foundation pit. According to engineering practice, the L-shaped short step with small steps soft soil foundation pit building technique can significantly facilitate basement pit deformation, improve construction efficiency, and be popularized.
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Li, Xiao-dan, Wen-jing Li, Hao Yang i Zhi-ting Chen. "Natural ventilation and seismic performance analysis of the special L-shaped spiral layout green building". W Green Building, Environment, Energy and Civil Engineering, 345–50. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315375106-74.
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Kokko, Heikki, i Minna Harjula. "Social History of Experiences: A Theoretical-Methodological Approach". W Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience, 17–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21663-3_2.
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AbstractHow should we analyse experiences as societal phenomena? This chapter develops a historical-theoretical approach by building on the social theory of Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann with Reinhart Koselleck’s temporal structures of experiencing. We first theorize how experiences are socially constructed and how experiences themselves construct the historically changing social reality. Second, we introduce analytic tools for approaching experiences in socio-historical research. The chapter conceptualizes the temporal and spatial structures of experience as layers of experience and scenes of experience, and indicates how they can be traced by exploring the sediments—shared meanings of experience—that are stored in different sign systems in a given historical context.
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Cao, Bing, Shaobin Dai, Jun Huang, Zhong Peng i Xin Shen. "Research on load-displacement skeleton curve model of L-shaped concrete-filled steel tubular column". W Advances in Civil Engineering and Building Materials, 655–59. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b13165-138.
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"L-shaped house". W Residential Buildings, 72–83. Birkhäuser, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783035603538-005.
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"Group of L-shaped houses". W Residential Buildings, 84–89. Birkhäuser, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783035603538-006.
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Essary, Jessica, Jenna DeRosa i Dizery Salim. "Supporting Literacy and Social Connectedness in a Pandemic Through the “Autobiographical R/W/L/S” Method". W Handbook of Research on Supporting Social and Emotional Development Through Literacy Education, 322–44. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7464-5.ch015.
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The “Autobiographical R/W/L/S Method” was deployed by eight teacher candidates to develop literacy skills and socio-emotional learning (SEL) competencies in 4th-grade students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The R/W/L/S intervention was focused on autobiographical writing. Interactions took place in a HyFlex environment with the intervention delivered through the Microsoft Teams video conferencing platform. After the intervention, students shared more information about themselves than before, demonstrating improved autobiographical literacy skills. The heightened willingness to share is indicative of trust-building among participants and therefore suggestive of socio-emotional learning. Outcomes also suggest that enhanced autobiographical literacy is beneficial to children who may once have struggled to express their feelings by alleviating stress and providing pathways to camaraderie through the sharing of autobiographical stories. The use of digital communication technology is thought to be key in allowing for these positive outcomes to occur during an international pandemic.
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Leong, Hong Va. "Database Support for M-Commerce and L-Commerce". W Electronic Services, 767–76. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-967-5.ch047.
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M-commerce (mobile commerce) applications have evolved out of e-commerce (electronic commerce) applications, riding on recent advancement in wireless communication technologies. Exploiting the most unique aspect inherent in m-commerce, namely, the mobility of customers, l-commerce (location-dependent m-commerce) applications have played an increasingly important role in the class of m-commerce applications. All e-commerce, m-commerce, and l-commerce applications rely on the provision of information retrieval and processing capability. L-commerce applications further dictate the maintenance of customer and service location information. Various database systems are deployed as the information source and repository for these applications, backed by efficient indexing mechanisms, both on regular data and location-specific data. Bean (2003) gave a good report on supporting Web-based e-commerce with XML, which could be easily extended to m-commerce. An m-commerce framework, based on JINI/XML and a workflow engine, was defined by Shih and Shim (2002). Customers can receive m-commerce services through the use of mobile devices such as pocket PCs, PDAs, or even smart phones. These mobile devices together with their users are often modeled as mobile clients. There are three types of entities central to m-commerce and l-commerce applications: mobile device, wireless communication, and database. In this article, we focus our discussion on mobile-client enabled database servers, often referred to as mobile databases. Mobile databases maintain information for the underlying m-commerce and l-commerce applications in which mobile devices serve as the hardware platform interfacing with customers, connected through wireless communication. Location is a special kind of composite data ranging from a single point, a line, a poly-line, to a shape defining an area or a building. In general, locations are modeled as spatial objects. The location of a static point of interest, such as a shop, is maintained in a database supporting spatial features and operations, often a spatial database (Güting, 1994). The location of a moving object, like a mobile customer, needs to be maintained in a moving object database (Wolfson, Sistla, Xu, Zhou, & Chamberlain, 1999), a database that supports efficient retrieval and update of object locations. To enable l-commerce, both spatial databases and moving object databases need to support location-specific query processing from mobile clients and location updates they generated. The two major types of data access requirements for a mobile database are data dissemination and dedicated data access. Data dissemination is preferred, since it can serve a large client population in utilizing the high bandwidth downlink channel to broadcast information of common interest, such as stock quotations, traffic conditions, or special events. On the other hand, dedicated data access is conveyed through uplink channels with limited bandwidth. To disseminate database items effectively, the selected set of hot database items can be scheduled as a broadcast disk (Acharya, Alonso, Franklin, & Zdonik, 1995). Proper indexes can be built to facilitate access to broadcast database items (Imielinski & Badrinath, 1994). Redundancy can be included in data (Leong & Si, 1995) and index (Tan & Ooi, 1998) to combat the unreliability of wireless communication.
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Conrad Koch, Michael, Kazunori Fujisawa i Akira Murakami. "Numerical Gradient Computation for Simultaneous Detection of Geometry and Spatial Random Fields in a Statistical Framework". W Inverse Problems - Recent Advances and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108363.
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The target of this chapter is the evaluation of gradients in inverse problems where spatial field parameters and geometry parameters are treated separately. Such an approach can be beneficial especially when the geometry needs to be detected accurately using L2-norm-based regularization. Emphasis is laid upon the computation of the gradients directly from the governing equations. Working in a statistical framework, the Karhunen-Loève (K-L) expansion is used for discretization of the spatial random field and inversion is done using the gradient-based Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm. The HMC gradients involve sensitivities w.r.t the random spatial field and geometry parameters. Building on a method developed by the authors, a procedure is developed which considers the gradients of the associated integral eigenvalue problem (IEVP) as well as the interaction between the gradients w.r.t random spatial field parameters and the gradients w.r.t the geometry parameters. The same mesh and linear shape functions are used in the finite element method employed to solve the forward problem, the artificial elastic deformation problem and the IEVP. Analysis of the rate of convergence using seven different meshes of increasing density indicates a linear rate of convergence of the gradients of the log posterior.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "L SHAPED BUILDING"
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Tiwari, Kaushal Kishore, Venkata Charan Gowthukatla, Sai Teja Avadhootha, Raja Vara Prasad Yerra i Divyabramham Kandimalla. "Experimental Study of Outdoor Radio Wave Propagation Scenario Near the L-Shaped Building". W 2022 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference (MAPCON). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mapcon56011.2022.10046763.
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Kushima, Soichiro, Taisei Morishita, Yasuhiko Yamashita, Yuuichirou Okuno i Kazuto Nakahira. "Structural Planning for Tall Damped Building with Irregularly-Shaped Plan and Elevation". W IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.1005.
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<p>This paper introduces two distinctive means for use of a 189-meter-high damped structure ensuring the safety against earthquake.</p><ol><li> <p>Realization of L-shaped elevational structure planning</p> <p>The bottom and top of the tower have belt trusses and hat trusses respectively to restrain the bending deformation. Furthermore, large-capacity oil dampers (damping force 6,000kN) are installed in the middle part of the tower to restrain the higher-mode deformation.</p></li><li> <p>Realization of L-shaped planar structure planning</p></li></ol><p>We devised the means of matching the centers of gravity and rigidity by adjusting planar rigidity. Moreover, viscous damping devices are located at the edges of the L-shaped plan, where torsional deformation tends to be amplified. We call this system “Damping Tail” system.</p>
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Sarlo, Rodrigo, Pablo A. Tarazaga i Mary E. Kasarda. "Operational modal analysis of a steel-frame, low-rise building with L-shaped construction". W SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, redaktor Jerome P. Lynch. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2260340.
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Ariyo, Owolabi, Claudia M. Eckert i P. John Clarkson. "Towards a Decentralised Approach to Modelling Connectivity in Complex Products". W ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28824.
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Connectivity models are useful aids to support design reviews but building the models is an extremely effort intensive process. Connectivity models help to minimise incidents of unexpected rework by drawing attention to vital component interfaces and dependencies. The uptake of connectivity models can be enhanced if effort burden associated model building is significantly reduced. This paper describes an investigation into the use of a distributed approach to building connectivity models as a means of effort reduction. The Design Structure Matrix is broken down into sub-sections which are L-shaped or cross-shaped. These sub-sections are referred to as modules of the connectivity model. The effort required for building a model is compartmentalised within the modules. In other words, the minimisation of model building effort is attained by distributing the modules such that each individual’s effort contribution is limited to within a single module.
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Al-Anzi, Adnan, Donghyun Seo i Moncef Krarti. "Impact of Shape on Thermal Performance of Office Buildings in Kuwait". W ASME 2007 Energy Sustainability Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2007-36242.
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This paper provides a simplified analysis method to estimate the impact of building shape on energy efficiency of office buildings in Kuwait. The method is based on results obtained from a comprehensive whole building energy simulation analysis. The analysis takes into account several building shapes and forms including rectangular, L-shape, U-shape, and H-shape as well as building aspect ratios, window-to-wall-ratios, and glazing types. The simplified method is suitable for architects during preliminary design phase to assess the impact of shape on the energy efficiency of office buildings.
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Farag, Ahmed, Mahmoud Ahmed, Shinichi Ookawara i Mohamed Emam. "The Potential and Limitations of Using Geothermal-Sourced Chiller Plants to Eliminate Cooling Towers". W ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-96657.
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Abstract The purpose of this research is to evaluate the feasibility and performance of a vertical ground source refrigeration system for cooling a typical 7300 m2 office building after replacing cooling towers used for condenser cooling with three different designs of ground heat exchangers. To that end, a three-dimensional, transient, and conjugated finite volume model is developed and simulated to compare the thermo-hydraulic performance of the traditional single U-tube with that of double U-shaped, and spiral-shaped ground heat exchangers at different flow rates. Based on the results, spiral shaped ground heat exchangers outperform other designs, as seen by better heat exchange rates between the fluid and the soil, which translates to a greater temperature reduction of the cooling water. This improvement not only allows for using smaller number of boreholes which saves the construction costs compared to other designs, but it also improves the coefficient of performance of the system by significantly lowering the cooling water temperature flowing back to the condenser when compared to the conventional cooling tower. This approach also eliminates cooling tower water consumption (saves about 14,500 L/day), tower noise, annual maintenance expenses, and costs for periodical cooling tower replacement. The presented findings make a significant contribution to society by offering innovative and sustainable solutions for cost reduction, environmental conservation, and energy efficiency.
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"Structural Performance and Strengthening of RCC Interior Joint with Variable Beam Depth Using Sikawrap". W The International Conference on scientific innovations in Science, Technology, and Management. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59544/eswq7931/ngcesi23p36.
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Sikawrap becomes preferable for strengthening and retrofitting of RC structural elements due to its high strength-to-weight and high stiffness to weight ratios. This study examines the structural performance and strengthening of RCC interior joint with variable beam depth using Sika wrap. In the first model, conventional connection is compared with beam, column and joint failure connection. In the second model, strengthening of beam connection is done by Lstrip method, embedment method and web-bounded method. In the third model, strengthening of column connection is done by L-shaped plate method and near surface mounted and wrap method. In the fourth model, strengthening of joint connection is done by X, U and T-shape method. In the fifth model, strengthening of beam column connection is done by L-shaped plate and wrap method and full wrap method. The structure will be analyzed using seismic analysis. This can be done by varying the depth of beam and finding which one possess more strength. Non-linear lateral loading test is carried out for beam-column connection with varying depth of beam on studying joint strength, target displacement and ductility for above all methods. This joint is the most critical portion of a building under earthquake due to diagonal crack failure, which leads to the collapse. Therefore, such joints need special attention to increase the capacity of existing damaged joints through retrofitting. In this paper the idea of using Sikawrap are studied. Sikawrap becomes preferable for strengthening and retrofitting of RC structural elements due to its high strength-to-weight and high-stiffness-to- weight ratios. Sika wrap comprises of unidirectional, carbon or glass fibre fabrics and structural epoxy resin based, impregnating resins. These unique combinations provide a wide range of strengthening and upgrading solutions to meet the many varied demands of different product and application. Strengthening methods are provided for defected beam, column and joints. The structure will be analysed using seismic analysis. It can be analysed by first finding the best model. This can be done by varying the depth of beam and finding which one possess more strength. Non-linear lateral loading testing is carried out for a beam-column connection with varying the depth of beam on studying the joint strength, target displacement and ductility for above all methods. The effective specimens are then studied under cyclic test.
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Zhai, Zhiqiang. "Numerical Study of Optimal Building Scales With Low Cooling Load in Both Hot and Mild Climatic Regions". W ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99003.
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Natural ventilation is one of the primary strategies for buildings in hot and mild climatic regions to reduce building cooling energy requirement. This paper uses a building energy simulation program and a computational fluid dynamics program to investigate the influence of building scales on building cooling energy consumption with and without natural ventilation. The study examines the energy performance of buildings with different L/W and H/W ratios in both Miami, FL and Los Angeles, CA. The simulation results show the varying trends of natural ventilation potential with increased building scale ratio of L/W and H/W. The comparison of the predicted energy consumptions for twenty buildings discloses the most energy-efficient building scales for rectangular-shape buildings in both hot and mild climates with and without natural ventilation. The study indicates that natural ventilation is more effective in mild climates than in hot climates, which may save cooling energy by 50% and vent fan energy by 70%. The paper analyzes the most suitable seasons for natural ventilation in Miami and Los Angeles. Further simulations indicate that extra cooling benefits associated with more natural ventilation cannot compensate additional heat gains through larger windows.
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Zhang, Fengli, Yun Shao, Xiao Zhang i Timo Balz. "Building L-shape footprint extraction from high resolution SAR image". W 2011 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jurse.2011.5764772.
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Liao, Wenchun, Jiaqing Chen, Yingqiang Wang i Xiangyu Liu. "Optimum location of measurement electrode when testing the grounding resistance of an L-shape building base". W 2011 7th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apl.2011.6110172.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaporty organizacyjne na temat "L SHAPED BUILDING"
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Willi, Joseph, Keith Stakes, Jack Regan i Robin Zevotek. Evaluation of Ventilation-Controlled Fires in L-Shaped Training Props. UL's Firefighter Safety Research Institute, październik 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/mijj9867.
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Investigations of recent firefighter line of duty deaths caused by rapid fire progression have highlighted a deficiency in firefighters’ understanding of how certain tactics affect the fire dynamics of ventilation-controlled fires. Many fires are in a ventilation-limited, decay state by the time firefighters arrive at the scene, meaning that introducing additional ventilation to the environment has the potential to cause rapid and intense fire growth. To more effectively teach firefighters about the potential effects of ventilation on a compartment fire, ventilation-controlled fires should be gener- ated during training. Safely creating such fires while maintaining compliance with NFPA 1403: Standard on Live-Fire Training Evolutions allows instructors to educate students on this important principle of fire dynamics in the training environment. Structures utilized for live-fire training have evolved from typical concrete burn buildings to now include smaller purpose-built props, like those constructed from steel shipping containers or wood and gypsum board. Such props have been embraced by organizations due to their cost-effectiveness and potential to improve fire behavior training. Obtaining a thorough understanding of the capa- bilities and limitations of such props is critical for instructors to convey accurate messages during training and properly prepare firefighters for scenarios they’ll encounter in the field. Experiments were conducted to quantify the fire environment in L-shaped props with different wall constructions. One prop had an interior wall lining of gypsum board over wood studs and fiberglass insulation. The two other props were constructed from metal shipping containers with corrugated steel walls; one had ceilings and walls comprised solely of the corrugated steel, while the other had ceilings and walls comprised of rolled steel sheeting over mineral wool insulation with the corrugated steel wall as its backing. Three fuel packages were compared between the props: one contained furnishings mainly composed of synthetic materials and foam plastics; another contained wooden pallets and straw; and the third contained wooden pallets, straw, and oriented strand board (OSB). A stochastic approach was used to compare data between replicate tests and quantify the repeatability of the different props and fuel packages, all of which were deemed sufficiently repeatable. Comparisons of data between the three props revealed that thermal conditions between experiments in the two metal props were indistinguishable, suggesting that the additional layer of insulation did not significantly alter the fire environment. Additionally, thermal conditions in the gypsum-lined prop were more severe than those in the metal props. The effects of ventilation changes on fire conditions were also analyzed across various prop and fuel load combinations. Lastly, the response of the thermal environment in each prop during interior suppression was evaluated, and the results implied that the thermal exposure to the firefighter was more severe in the metal props than the gypsum prop for a brief period following the start of suppression.
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Regan, Jack, i Robin Zevotek. Evaluation of the Thermal Conditions and Smoke Obscuration of Live Fire Training Fuel Packages. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, marzec 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/karu4002.
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Firefighters routinely conduct live fire training in an effort to prepare themselves for the challenges of the fire ground. While conducting realistic live fire training is important, it also carries inherent risks. This is highlighted by several live fire training incidents in which an inappropriate fuel load contributed to the death of participants. NFPA 1403: Standard on Live Fire Training Evolutions was first established in response to a live fire training incident in which several firefighters died. Among the stipulations in NFPA 1403 is that the fuel load shall be composed of wood-based fuels. The challenge of balancing safety with fidelity has led instructors to explore a variety of different methods to create more realistic training conditions. A series of experiments was conducted in order to characterize common training fuels, compare these training fuels to furnishings, and examine the performance of these training fuels in a metal container prop. Heat release rate (HRR) characterization of training fuels indicated that wood-based training fuels had a constant effective heat of combustion. Depending on the method used, this value was between 13.6 and 13.9 MJ/kg. This indicates that, even in engineered wood products, wood is the primary material responsible for combustion. In order to further explore the conclusions from the HRR testing, additional experiments were conducted in an L-shaped metal training prop. The results of these experiments highlighted a number of considerations for firefighter training. Thermal conditions consistent with “realistic fires” could be produced using NFPA 1403 compliant fuels, and in fact the thermal conditions produced by larger wood-based fuel packages were more severe than those produced by fuel packages with a small amount of synthetic fuel. The fuel package used in training evolutions should reflect the training prop or building being used, the available ventilation, and the intended lesson. Fuel load weight and orientation are both important considerations when designing a fuel package. The training considerations drawn from this report will help to increase firefighters’ understanding of fire dynamics, and help instructors better understand fuel packages and the fire dynamics that they produce.
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Eneroth, Hanna, Hanna Karlsson Potter i Elin Röös. Environmental impact of coffee, tea and cocoa – data collection for a consumer guide for plant-based foods. Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.2n3m2d2pjl.
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In 2020, WWF launched a consumer guide on plant-based products targeting Swedish consumers. The development of the guide is described in a journal paper (Karlsson Potter & Röös, 2021) and the environmental impact of different plant based foods was published in a report (Karlsson Potter, Lundmark, & Röös, 2020). This report was prepared for WWF Sweden to provide scientific background information for complementing the consumer guide with information on coffee, tea and cocoa. This report includes quantitative estimations for several environmental categories (climate, land use, biodiversity and water use) of coffee (per L), tea (per L) and cocoa powder (per kg), building on the previously established methodology for the consumer guide. In addition, scenarios of consumption of coffee, tea and cocoa drink with milk/plant-based drinks and waste at household level, are presented. Tea, coffee and cacao beans have a lot in common. They are tropical perennial crops traditionally grown in the shade among other species, i.e. in agroforestry systems. Today, the production in intensive monocultures has negative impact on biodiversity. Re-introducing agroforestry practices may be part of the solution to improve biodiversity in these landscapes. Climate change will likely, due to changes in temperature, extreme weather events and increases in pests and disease, alter the areas where these crops can be grown in the future. A relatively high ratio of the global land used for coffee, tea and cocoa is certified according to sustainability standards, compared to other crops. Although research on the implications of voluntary standards on different outcomes is inconclusive, the literature supports that certifications have a role in incentivizing more sustainable farming. Coffee, tea and cocoa all contain caffeine and have a high content of bioactive compounds such as antioxidants, and they have all been associated with positive health outcomes. While there is a strong coffee culture in Sweden and coffee contributes substantially to the environmental impact of our diet, tea is a less consumed beverage. Cocoa powder is consumed as a beverage, but substantial amounts of our cocoa consumption is in the form of chocolate. Roasted ground coffee on the Swedish market had a climate impact of 4.0 kg CO2e per kg powder, while the climate impact of instant coffee powder was 11.5 kg CO2e per kg. Per litre, including the energy use for making the coffee, the total climate impact was estimated to 0.25 kg CO2e per L brewed coffee and 0.16 kg CO2e per L for instant coffee. Less green coffee beans are needed to produce the same amount of ready to drink coffee from instant coffee than from brewed coffee. Tea had a climate impact of approximately 6.3 kg CO2 e per kg dry leaves corresponding to an impact of 0.064 CO2e per L ready to drink tea. In the assessment of climate impact per cup, tea had the lowest impact with 0.013 kg CO2e, followed by black instant coffee (0.024 kg CO2e), black coffee (0.038 kg CO2e), and cocoa drink made with milk (0.33 kg CO2e). The climate impact of 1kg cocoa powder on the Swedish market was estimated to 2.8 kg CO2e. Adding milk to coffee or tea increases the climate impact substantially. The literature describes a high proportion of the total climate impact of coffee from the consumer stage due to the electricity used by the coffee machine. However, with the Nordic low-carbon energy mix, the brewing and heating of water and milk contributes to only a minor part of the climate impact of coffee. As in previous research, coffee also had a higher land use, water use and biodiversity impact than tea per L beverage. Another factor of interest at the consumer stage is the waste of prepared coffee. Waste of prepared coffee contributes to climate impact through the additional production costs and electricity for preparation, even though the latter was small in our calculations. The waste of coffee and tea at Summary household level is extensive and measures to reduce the amount of wasted coffee and tea could reduce the environmental impact of Swedish hot drink consumption. For the final evaluation of coffee and tea for the consumer guide, the boundary for the fruit and vegetable group was used. The functional unit for coffee and tea was 1 L prepared beverage without any added milk or sweetener. In the guide, the final evaluation of conventionally grown coffee is that it is ‘yellow’ (‘Consume sometimes’), and for organic produce, ‘light green’ (‘Please consume). The evaluation of conventionally grown tea is that it is ‘light green’, and for organic produce, ‘dark green’ (‘Preferably consume this’). For cocoa, the functional unit is 1 kg of cocoa powder and the boundary was taken from the protein group. The final evaluation of conventionally grown cocoa is that it is ‘orange’ (‘Be careful’), and for organically produced cocoa, ‘light green’.
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RESEARCH ON SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF L-SHAPED CONCRETE-FILLED STEEL TUBES COLUMN FRAME-BUCKLING RESTRAINED STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, wrzesień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2023.19.3.8.
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Frame buckling restrained steel plate shear walls (BRSPSWs) have been widely used in high-rise residential buildings. L-shaped concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) columns were used in the frame in this research to investigate the impact of the frame members type in the BRSPSWs system. A nonlinear finite element model (NFEM) was generated to examine the seismic performance of BRSPSWs with various types of connections to the frame elements. The NFEM results were compared to test results to make them more reliable, and the comparison showed that the NFEM can predict the seismic behavior of BRSPSWs. Then based on the validated NFEM results, several parameters were analyzed in parametric studies to assess their impact on the performance of BRSPSWs, including leg's length, column's width-to-thickness, axial compression ratio, and height-to-thickness of the steel plate, concrete panel's thickness, and bolt arrangement. The effect of these parameters on lateral resistance and yield stiffness was reported and discussed. A theoretical model has also been proposed based on modified plate-frame interaction (MPFI) to calculate the yield lateral resistance of BRSPSWs. The outcomes of MPFI were validated through testing and NFEM findings, and the comparison revealed reasonable concurrence.