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Гладченко, Оксана Робертівна, Оксана Робертовна Гладченко, Oksana Robertivna Hladchenko, Юлія Миколаївна Линник, Юлия Николаевна Линник i Yuliia Mykolaivna Lynnyk. "The knowledge economy". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17506.
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The knowledge economy has manifold forms in which it may appear but there are predictions that the new economy will extend radically, creating a pattern in which even ideas will be recogniced and identified as a commodity.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17506
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Salam, Umar A. "'Knowledge as development' : a critique of the knowledge economy". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:11b5f7f3-18e0-4d3b-9b4c-b03bf2cf251d.
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The aim of this thesis is to provide a theoretical critique of the Knowledge Economy discourse, the dominant discourse in which development is equated with the economic exploitation of knowledge. The nature of the critique is political in the sense that the problem with 'building a knowledge economy' as a model for development is that the accounts (such as they are) of how to go about doing so seem fatally undermined by their neglect of questions of power and politics - questions which this thesis will argue are essential to understanding the relationship between knowledge and development. The emergence of the discourse itself and the way in which its ideas are implemented can also be seen in political terms, in that the depoliticisation of development that it entails is itself a political position. The thesis is structured as an introduction followed by three main parts and a conclusion. In the Introduction and Part 1, I explain the nature of the research and the methods used, and provide a genealogy of the Knowledge Economy (KE) discourse, which includes the empirical element of this research, namely a series of interviews with key actors in the emergence of the discourse. In so doing, I historicise the discourse within the specific institutional history and politics of the major organisations (World Bank and the OECD) which have done the most of any to promote it. From this I identify the key theoretical ideas (Human Capital Theory, Innovation Systems, Hayekian Neoliberalism, Information Economics and Endogenous Growth Theory) which underpin the discourse and which are then the subject of critical analysis in Part 2. I make the case that the Knowledge Economy should not be understood as a robust analytical framework, empirical methodology or policy template, but instead as the reconceptualisation of 'questions of knowledge' in terms of markets. Specifically, the discourse depends upon a number of qualitatively different ways in which knowledge can be represented in, and transformed by, the operations of markets. These representations derive from three main schools off economic thought. I describe how each offers a critique of the others and yet how the Knowledge Economy is obtained as a synthesis of the three. In Part 3, I firstly illustrate a case of the Knowledge Economy discourse in action, namely Higher Education reform in India. I explain how the approaches that were studied in Part 1 and which were developed at the World Bank and the OECD in the late 1990s and early 2000s were applied in practice in India in the mid 2000s. I argue that these applications illustrate the claims of Part 2 regarding knowledge and markets. I then describe the politicised nature of Indian Higher Education and argue that no satisfactory account can be given without an engagement with these political economy factors. Following on from this, I then consider how adopting a KE approach of conceptualising knowledge in terms of markets might be subject to various forms of political analysis and develop a political economy critique that synthesises three theoretical approaches: (a) the politics of markets; (b) commodification; and (c) governmentality. From this I conclude that the KE approach is fundamentally flawed as an account of development.
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Cerfonteyn, Henk. "The anatomy of the knowledge economy". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51938.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A major trend from an information era towards a knowledge economy is currently being experienced, which can be ascribed to the growing importance of knowledge in various countries. The anatomy of the knowledge economy concerns an overall view from the perspective of the organisation. The knowledge economy is analysed in terms of what it involves, its effects on the workplace, the role of information and communication technology (lCT), and emergent key ethical issues. Production and exploitation of knowledge will become the main source of wealth in the knowledge economy. Knowledge can be regarded as value-added to data and information that can be located in organisations either explicitly or tacitly. Tacit knowledge is most prevalent and underutilised form in organisations, and can be exploited to its full extent in the form of intellectual property. A printing metaphor is used to illustrate the extent to which knowledge can become embedded in products, thus increasing intangibility levels within products. Knowledge, as a strategic asset for any organisation, can be generated by innovation and dissemination processes. Knowledge also results in more customised high-valued goods, for which clients are willing to pay more. In facilitating a favourable environment for knowledge development in organisations, governments have an essential role to play. This role includes establishing cultures of entrepreneurship, innovativeness and competitiveness through education, training and funding of appropriate organisations. In order to reap substantial benefits from the knowledge economy, various countries are transforming their economies accordingly. The United States of America, Sweden, Finland and Singapore are currently leading in this respect while others like Canada and the United Kingdom have committed themselves to the new economic order. The measurement of knowledge within organisations has not yet been resolved due to difficulties in isolating the value of knowledge at various levels within the organisation. The escalation and importance of information and knowledge in work processes have resulted in the emergence of knowledge workers at the expense of workers involved with the physical dimension of work. By defeating spatial and temporal limitations through virtualisation, ICT will offer organisations and their workers the necessary agility for survival in the knowledge economy. In response, management will have to change organisational structures and increase innovativeness. Technology, as in the past, will increase capabilities of people even more, for example in the form of supporting tools, automation, controlling devices and connectivity. ICT, being the core technology in the knowledge economy, will have a major role to play relating to knowledge development within organisations by means of the knowledge value chain. The Internet will become an important technology in the knowledge economy. Concerns about unethical and criminal practices in knowledge economies centre around the violation of rights in terms of privacy and freedom, protection of property rights, accountability and liability, reliability of systems and quality of life. To sustain a prosperous knowledge economy and just society will involve innovative stakeholders who participate actively in achieving and maintaining goals of common interest.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tans vind 'n belangrike neiging vanaf 'n inligtingsera na 'n kennisekonomie plaas, wat toegeskryf kan word aan die toenemende belangrikheid van kennis in verskeie lande. Die anatomie van 'n kennisekonomie behels 'n oorsig vanaf die perspektief van die organisasie. Die kennisekonomie word beskou in terme van wat dit impliseer, die effek op die werksplek, die rol van inligtings- en kommunikasietegnologie (lKT), en opkomende etiese aangeleenthede. Die produksie en benutting van kennis gaan die belangrikste bron van welvaart word in die kennisekonomie. Die verskynsel van kennis kan beskou word as waarde toevoeging tot data en inligting en is sigbaar in organisasies in die vorm van óf eksplisiete óf verskuilde kennis. Verskuilde kennis is die mees algemene, maar onbenutte vorm in organisasies kan tot sy volle potensiaal ontgin word as intellektuele eiendom. Die drukkuns word as metafoor gebruik om aan te dui tot watter mate kennis deel geword het van produkte, wat lei tot verhoging van die nie-tasbare komponent in produkte. Kennis, as 'n strategiese bate vir enige organisasie, word geskep deur middel van innovering en verspreiding. Kennis bied ook hoë-waarde aan goedere tot so 'n mate dat kliënte bereid is om daarvoor meer te betaal. Om 'n gunstige omgewing vir kennis ontwikkeling te verkry, het regerings 'n belangrike funksie met betrekking tot die daarstelling van kulture wat betref entrepreneurskap, innovering en mededingendheid deur middel van opvoeding, opleiding en befondsing van toepaslike organisasies. Verskeie land is besig om hul ekonomieë te omvorm om die beduidende voordele wat die kennisekonomie bied, te benut. Die Verenigde State van Amerika, Swede, Finland en Singapoer is tans leiers in dié verband, terwyl Kanada en die Verenigde Koninkryk hulself ook tot die nuwe ekonomie verbind het. Om kennis binne organisasies in finansiële terme te meet is nog nie uitgepluis nie, vanweë die probleme om waarde van kennis by verskeie vlakke binne die organisasie te isoleer. Die toename en belangrikheid van inligting en kennis in die werksplek het gelei tot die verskynsel van kenniswerkers, ten koste van diegene betrokke met die fisiese sy van werk. Deurdat die beperkinge van ruimte en tyd deur middel van virtualisasie opgehef is, maak IKT organisasies en sy werkers meer rats en lenig - eienskappe wat vir oorlewing in die kennisekonomie vereis word. In reaksie hierop, sal bestuur hul organisasie strukture moet aanpas en innoveringsvermoë moet opknap. Tegnologie, soos altyd, sal vermoëns van mense verder verhoog, byvoorbeeld in die vorm van ondersteunende hulpmiddele, outomatisering, beheermiddele en skakeling. IKT, as kerntegnologie in die kennisekonomie, gaan 'n sentrale posisie inneem in die ontwikkeling van kennis in organsasies met behulp van die kennis waardeketting. Die Internet gaan 'n sleutel tegnologie in die kennisekonomie word. Kommer oor onetiese en kriminele praktyke in die kennisekonomie hou verband met die oorskryding van regte in terme van privaatheid en vryheid, beskerming van eiendomsreg, aanspreeklikheid en verantwoordelikheid, betroubaarheid van IKT stelsels en lewensgehalte. Om 'n voorspoedige kennisekonomie terselfdertyd met 'n regverdige gemeenskap te handhaaf, beteken dat innoverende rolspelers aktief sal moet deelneem om gemeenskaplike doelwitte na te streef en te verseker.
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Aberkane, Idriss Jamil. "Mind Ergonomy for the Knowledge Economy : software Neuroergonomics and Biomimetics for the Knowledge Economy. Why? How? What?" Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX005.
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La connaissance mondiale déclarée double environ tous les 9 ans (Kozmetsky, Smilor 1999) Parallèlement, le langage écrit ou verbal demeure le mode de transmission privilégié de la connaissance dans les organisations et sur le Web où aucune lingua franca n’a émergé, et qui est dès lors fractionné en contenus sinophone, anglophone, hispanophone, arabophone, hindiphone etc. Nous utilisons les travaux de Dehaene et al sur la mémoire épisodique dans son détournement par les calculateurs prodiges pour théoriser et concevoir une nouvelle interface homme-machine spatialisée qui permette à l’utilisateur individuel et en groupe de visualiser, de manipuler mentalement et d’échanger plus de connaissances. La théorisation et la conception de cette gamme d’interfaces, basées sur des algorithmes de spatialisation de listes, et l’unique objet de notre thèseCould we flow knowledge faster and better? Why is this a problem in the first place? How can we tackle it technologically? What could be a prototype solution? This work unifies these questions in the outline of a single, refutable paradigm of noodynamics - the study of knowledge flows - and nooconomics, the economy of knowledge. This paradigm will answer the question “Why”. Neuroergonomics (“brain ergonomics”), and biomimicry, will be summoned in answer to the question “How”. Their contribution will follow from the simplest knowledge flow equation that is proposed in this work. Two original optimisation problems are also posed in software neuroergonomics and biomimetics: the Mindscape and Serendipity Problem. A case of theoretical neuroergonomics, or neuroergonomics ex ante is proposed with the study of Hyperwriting, a written grapheme-loceme association, or a glyphic method for externalising spatial memory. Its application to the design of user interface will finally found neuroergonomic design, or neuromimicry, with the example of a collegial interface to augment multiscale knowledge flows: Chréage. The anatomy of this prototype mindscape will be the conclusion of this work, and its answer to the question “What”?
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Macy, Robert Scott. "Knowledge competency acquisition in the knowledge economy : links to firm performance /". view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1196407371&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Study based on data derived from a sampling of 189 large U.S. law firms. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-101). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Rawlings, Anna Kirsten. "Trade secrecy in a knowledge-based economy". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63089.pdf.
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Stapleton, Jaime. "Art, intellectual property and the knowledge economy". Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408015.
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Colucci, Alex R. "Knowledge Production, Capital Punishment, and Political Economy". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1555694255644039.
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Liu, Fang-Chun. "Value Creation in the Knowledge-Based Economy". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/216553.
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Business Administration/InterdisciplinaryPh.D.
Effective investment strategies help companies form dynamic core organizational capabilities allowing them to adapt and survive in today's rapidly changing knowledge-based economy. This dissertation investigates three valuation issues that challenge managers with respect to developing business-critical investment strategies that can have significant impacts on firm performance and growth in the competitive, information-orientated business environment. Using firm-level data collected from Taiwan, this dissertation examines specific valuation issues that are vital in shaping not only firm performance but also competitive advantages in current knowledge-based economy: (1) investments in information technology (IT), (2) human capital, and (3) corporate governance. To address these three major managerial challenges relating to firm investment strategies, this dissertation focuses on investigating the impact of three sources of business value creation, including IT investment, workforce education, and Chief Audit Executive (CAE) turnover. The results of investigating service infrastructure in the banking industry support the idea that in today's complex, fast moving multichannel business environment, evaluation of the strategic value of IT must consider both the direct impact of individual channels and the complementary relationships between IT-based channels and the traditional branch channel while constructing an effective business strategy to align IT use with firm strategic objectives. The interdependence between channels found in this study has a significant effect on firms' short term profitability and long term market competition capability, suggesting that the true value of IT will be fully realized only when coupled with complementary investments in organizational resources. Second, results of examining investments in workforce and research and development (R&D) activities in IT industries indicate that firms with more highly educated workforces have, on average, better performance. Investment in R&D for improving innovation capability is positively associated with firm performance. More importantly, higher levels of workforce education moderate the impact of R&D investment on firm performance, confirming the hypothesized interdependency between workforce education and firm innovation capabilities. In other words, firms benefit more from investment in R&D activities when they have a higher level of educated workforce. An important strategic implication from the DuPont Analysis is that the complementarity between workforce education and R&D capital reinforces a firm's differentiation strategy. Finally, the results of analyzing CAE turnover in Taiwan public companies show that CAE turnover is positively correlated with executive turnover (Chief Executive Officer [CEO] and Chief Financial Officer [CFO]) and financial restatements, which are commonly viewed as a signal of a troubled business or failure. The study also shows that CAE turnover has a negative impact on contemporaneous and future firm performance, suggesting that, to some extent, changing the head of the internal audit function conveys a negative signal to the market regarding a firm's performance. Given that the CAE monitors and assesses enterprise risk practices, the findings of this study suggest that CAE turnover could be used as an indicator of business volatility and potential business risk. The passage of the governance law which improves the quality of a firm's internal control system is found to reinforce the signaling role of CAE turnover and improve firm performance. The results of this dissertation provide important strategic insights regarding the factors managers should consider when making investment choices that are expected to align with a firm's long term development and performance. This dissertation complements literature in managerial accounting and information systems, particularly contributing to business value of IT investment, human capital, and internal audit research streams. It also addresses regulatory implications for policy makers such as regulating relevant disclosures of company information for interested parties and developing a regulatory environment that minimizes regulatory barriers which can suppress businesses and economy growth.
Temple University--Theses
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Nel, Timothy John. "Towards an operational definition of the knowledge economy". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6703.
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Thesis (MPhil (Information Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis seeks to contribute towards a much-‐needed operational definition of the knowledge economy – a term which is as widely used as it is misunderstood. Despite two decades of academic contemplation and debate, much uncertainty still surrounds the concept of a knowledge economy, making it exceedingly difficult for researches, academics and policymakers to find a shared perspective. The problem extends beyond just semantics – often contained within a certain definition are underlying assumptions that have the potential to inform decision-‐making and guide action. Chapter One introduces the aims of this thesis, and outlines the intended approach. In particular, it highlights the challenges of conducting a literature review based on an extensive and highly varied set of contributions towards the concept of the knowledge economy. Chapter Two seeks to clarify the concept of the knowledge economy and how it distinguishes itself from the broader, more inclusive concept of the knowledge society. After drawing distinctions between the two concepts, Chapter Two develops upon the knowledge society concept’s more inclusive nature, and suggests that the extensive scope of the term detracts from its usefulness as a guide for policymakers – in particular, in relation to the somewhat more precise concept of the knowledge economy. Chapter Three begins the focus on the In order to provide some conceptual clarity in this regard, a number of the most prevalent and/or enduring contributions are grouped under the four overarching categorisations that emerged as a result of the discussion in this chapter: namely, Propositional Knowledge, Prescriptive Knowledge, Cultural Knowledge and Understanding. Chapter Four focuses on the next component of the term knowledge economy, and places attention on the economic aspects of knowledge which have emerged over the past two decades as a result of the technological and academic shifts that have taken place in this period. Chapter Five uses the foundation of understanding built up to this point to answer the question: what is new about the knowledge economy? Here, the impact of ICTs comes to the fore in illustrating the way in which these technologies have altered modern societies on a deep and profound level. Secondly, Chapter Five develops upon the way in which knowledge as an economy commodity has caused widespread upheaval in Industrial Era economic theory. Here, the idea that the tenets that governed the physical paradigm economy of industry and manufacturing are no longer relevant or valuable in the face of a core commodity which does not obey the principal rules of physical paradigm goods. Chapter Six concludes the discussions that have unfolded in this thesis, and highlights how the preceding chapters all contribute towards achieving the initial aims of the thesis. On top of this, it highlights the challenges uncovered during the course of the thesis that will continue to provide limitations to the achievement of a precise definition of the concept of the knowledge economy. It is concluded that the discussions developed in this thesis would achieve their goal in providing a valuable and comprehensive ‘working definition’ of the knowledge economy for academics and policymakers seeking to find conceptual clarity and a platform of ‘common ground’ from which to base their conversations and debates.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die oogmerk van hierdie tesis is om by te dra tot die gangbare definisie van die kennis ekonomie – ’n term wat net so wyd gebruik word as wat dit misverstaan word. Ten spyte van twee dekades van akademiese nadenke en debatvoering, is daar steeds onduidelikheid rondom die kennis ekonomie as konsep, wat dit vir navorsers, akademici en beleidmakers moeilik maak om ’n algemeen-‐aanvaarde perspektief te bereik. Die probleem is nie bloot semanties van aard nie – sommige definisies behels onderliggende aannames wat die potensiaal het om besluitneming and handeling te beïnvloed. Hoofstuk Een dien as inleiding tot die doelstellings van hierdie tesis en omskryf die benadering van die tesis. Dit beklemtoon spesifiek die uitdagings rondom die skryf van ’n literatuuroorsig wat gebaseer is op ‘n uitgebreide en hoogs-‐gevarieerde stel bydrae tot die konsep van die kennis ekonomie. Hoofstuk Twee se doel is om lig te werp op die konsep van die kennis ekonomie en hoe dit onderskei kan word van die breër, meer omvattende term van die kennis samelewing. Nadat onderskeid getref is tussen die twee konsepte, ontwikkel Hoofstuk Twee die kennis samelewing se meer insluitende aard, en stel voor dat die uitgebreide omvang van die term afbreuk doen aan die nut wat die term as ’n riglyn vir beleidmakers het – spesifiek in verhouding tot die meer presiese konsep van die kennis ekonomie. Hoofstuk Drie begin die fokus op die ekonomiese komponent van die term ‘kennis ekonomie’. Ten einde konseptuele duidelikheid te skep, word die mees algemene en/of blywende bydrae gegroepeer onder vier kategorieë, wat blyk uit die bespreking in hierdie hoofstuk, naamlik: Proposisionele Kennis, Voorskriftelike Kennis, Kulturele Kennis en Begrip. Hoofstuk Vier fokus op die volgende komponent van die term kennis ekonomie en rig die aandag op die ekonomiese aspekte van kennis, wat oor die laaste twee dekades na vore gekom het as gevolg van tegnologiese en akademiese klemverskuiwings wat gedurende hierdie tydperk plaasgevind het. Hoofstuk Vyf gebruik die grondslag van begrip wat tot dusver geskep is, om die vraag te beantwoord: wat is nuut omtrent die kennis ekonomie? Hier word die impak van ICTs duidelik deurdat dit illustreer hoe hierdie tegnologieë moderne samelewings op ‘n fundamentele en diepgaande vlak verander het. Tweedens, ontwikkel Hoofstuk Vyf verder die manier waarop kennis as ekonomiese kommoditeit wydverspreide omwenteling in Industriële Era ekonomiese teorie. Hieruit word dit duidelik dat die beginsels wat die fisiese paradigma ekonomie onderskryf nie meer geldig is met ’n kern kommoditeit wat nie die beginsels van fisiese paradigma goedere gehoorsaam nie. Hoofstuk Ses sluit die besprekings wat in die loop van die tesis ontwikkel het af, en beklemtoon hoe die voorafgaande hoofstukke almal bydra tot die doelstellings wat aanvanklik in die tesis voorgestel is. Verder, beklemtoon dit die uitdagings wat uitgelig is in die tesis wat steeds beperkings stel ten opsigte van die bepaling van ’n presiese definisie van die kennis ekonomie. Die gevolgtrekking wat gemaak word is dat die besprekings wat ontwikkel is tydens die tesis hul doel van ’n waardevolle en omvattende operasionele definisie bereik. Dit is van nut vir akedemici en beleidmakers in terme van konseptuele duidelikheid en ’n basis of gemeenskaplike grond vanwaar besprekings en debat kan geskied.
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Watkins, Tate M. "Building a knowledge economy index for the fifty states with a focus on South Carolina the Clemson Knowledge Economy Index /". Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1219848943/.
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Lam, Man-wing Edwin. "The HKSAR knowledge-based economy promotion and inclusion /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36451927.
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Lam, Man-wing Edwin, i 林文榮. "The HKSAR knowledge-based economy: promotion and inclusion". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36451927.
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Shen, Dawei. "Design of currency, markets, and economy for knowledge". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77809.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-133).
Information markets benefit the communities they serve by facilitating electronic distributed exchange of information. Further benefits include enhancing knowledge sharing, innovation, and productivity. This research explores innovative market mechanisms to build longterm sustainable incentives that many existing platforms fail to provide, while encouraging pro-social behavior. A key advantage of this research is direct application of established information economic and macroeconomic theories to the design of social software and knowledge platforms. The research contribution is the design of a complete framework for information economy, which consists of several distinct components: 1) a market engine for exchanging information products that are non-rivalrous and non-excludable; 2) a serialized currency system that enables monetary acceleration; 3) "monetary policies" that ensure a healthy growth of currency supply; 4) "fiscal policies" that reward information reuse and good behavior such as tagging, voting, tipping, and fraud reporting. We built a web-based software platform called Barter, and have deployed it at several universities. Analysis of user data helps test information market effectiveness and illustrates effects of various market interventions. We present our key findings learned in the process of system deployment, such as the impacts of social connections on market interactions and fraud, effects of bounty on information quality, market fraud and intervention of fraud prevention mechanism.
by Dawei Shen.
Ph.D.
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Kotoshchuk, Nataliia, i Наталія Василівна Котощук. "Research of the essence of the knowledge economy". Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50121.
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1. K. Koźmiński, How to Create a Knowledge-Based Economy ?, [in:] Polish Development Strategy at the Threshold of the 21st Century, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa 2001.
2. A. Kukliński, Knowledge-based economy. Challenges for Poland in the 21st Century, Warsaw 2001, p. 15The current concept of economic growth is long-term growth that creates its own model, the success of which is not determined by incentives, but largely depends on generally accepted investment in human capital, inventions and innovations. Activities in this area bring positive externalities related to knowledge dissemination, technological progress and innovation
Сучасна концепція економічного зростання - це довгострокове зростання, яке створює власну модель, успіх якої не визначається стимулами, а значною мірою залежить від загальновизнаних інвестицій у людський капітал, винаходи та інновації. Діяльність у цій галузі приносить позитивні зовнішні ефекти, пов’язані з поширенням знань, технологічним прогресом та інноваціями
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Tatiana, Khomikova. "Contribution of Knowledge Economy and Agglomeration Economies to Economic Growth in OECD Countries". 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9729.
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Chattopadhyay, Partha. "Transforming Indian economy into knowledge economy : the role of human resources with reference to India". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/937.
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au, d. turner@murdoch edu, i Donna Isabelle Turner. "The Malaysian State and the Regulation of Labour: From Colonial Economy to K-Economy". Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070424.111203.
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This thesis explores the state-labour nexus emerging out of the processes through which governing authorities have attempted to maintain or regain political stability and rates of accumulation in Malay(a)sia. Existing studies usefully highlight the extent to which repressive industrial relations legislation and ethnic communalism have weakened the trade union movement and segmented the labour force delivering the relative industrial peace attractive to foreign investors. Some suggest labours discontent at this repression has been successfully contained by Malaysias relatively strong economic performance. These approaches, however, only partially acknowledge the extent to which labours social reproduction under capitalist relations generates political and economic contradictions.
After an initial failure to address these contradictions in the early post-colonial era, the Malay-dominated government has since developed avenues through which to deliver economic and cultural concessions in a selective and paternalistic fashion. This economic paternalism has contributed to social stability but has diverted funds from economic development and now runs contrary to structural reforms that seek to address Malaysias declining international competitiveness. The transition towards a knowledge-based economy, referred to locally as the k-economy, therefore embodies efforts by the political elite to contain political and societal tensions emerging out of the reform process. This thesis demonstrates and analyses the dynamic, contingent and uneven nature of these efforts as the government seeks to establish new bases of legitimacy more closely linked to household consumption concerns than ethnicity. Despite the relative absence of industrial disputation, labours location in Malaysias system of capitalism remains a contradictory one. Politically motivated social policies, although under pressure and likely to take new forms, will nonetheless remain pivotal in the attempt to resolve the tensions that threaten accumulation and political stability.
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Gustavsson, Linda. "Creating Advantage : on the complexity of industrial knowledge formation in the knowledge-based economy /". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Skolan för industriell teknik och management, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10635.
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Wu, Judy Qiong. "New Brunswick, growth prospects in a knowledge-based economy". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0020/MQ54659.pdf.
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Hoffman, Anthony Michael. "Intellectual capital governance and the knowledge economy in Canada". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80927.
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Intellectual capital, as opposed to traditional conceptions of intellectual property, is neither as simple to define nor as straightforward to protect and regulate. As companies in the financial services sector attempt the efficient management of increasingly voluminous and strategically important information and knowledge, governance mechanisms currently available in the Canadian context have not kept pace.This thesis is at once a retrospective and prospective examination of the regulation and control of intellectual capital. The first two substantive sections of this thesis are primarily definitive and contextualizing---first defining the nature of contemporary legal and managerial concepts of intellectual capital and property, then examining the varied legal frameworks from which an intellectual capital governance scheme is distilled. The final chapter attempts a synthesis of these definitions and legal approaches to the governance of intellectual capital. The keystones of this synthesis are twofold: first, uniform Canadian legislation; and second, a more focused incorporation of 'property rights' in intellectual capital.
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Денисенко, Павло Анатолійович, Павел Анатольевич Денисенко i Pavlo Anatoliiovych Denysenko. "Social caphal intellectualization on the way towards knowledge economy". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7854.
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Hancock, Sally. "Political scientists? : the UK knowledge economy and young scientists". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/14411.
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This thesis is an exploration of the UK knowledge economy, and its implications for the present and future lives of STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) doctoral students at a research-intensive UK university. The research methodology included a critical literature review, focus groups, a large scale survey, and depth interviews. The thesis reports that the UK knowledge economy is a known phenomenon to young scientists and, across the population of young scientists, five distinct moral positions towards the knowledge economy are discerned. These five moral positions form a spectrum, ranging from ‘anti’ to ‘pro’ knowledge economy. Young scientists’ moral positions on the knowledge economy are revealed to be a key aspect of their scientific identity. That the scientific identities of young scientists are in part moral contradicts dominant images of the scientist who, in Steven Pinker’s words, is often construed as an ‘amoral nerd’ (Pinker in Shapin, 2008: xv). Young scientists’ conceptions of identity are however, notable for their narrowness. Young scientists continue to rely upon the paradigm of modernity when forming their moral position on the knowledge economy, and constructing their identity. Accordingly, they view scientific identity as solid and stable. A game theory informed analysis illuminates how young scientists strategically tailor their scientific life in order to construct and sustain a stable identity; the achievement of which, they believe, is the best preparation for a scientific career. The irony of this finding is that contemporary science is shaped by postmodern forces: the knowledge economy and liquid modernity. These forces generate diversity, contradiction and perpetual change. It is argued that young scientists must develop a liquid scientific identity, fit for these conditions. Three reforms of the STEM PhD are proposed to enable universities to support young scientists to ‘avoid fixation and keep the options open’ (Bauman, 1995: 20).
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Koutout, Kristine F. "Building a knowledge economy index for southern metropolitan areas". Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1239895243/.
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Turner, Donna. "The Malaysian state and the régulation of labour : from colonial economy to k-economy /". Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2006. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070424.111203.
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Herscovici, А. "Knowledge and information economy, welfare and governance: the economic nature of intellectual property rights". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13452.
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Boffo, Marco. "Interrogating the knowledge-based economy : from knowledge as a public good to Italian post-workerism". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2013. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/17843/.
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This thesis offers a critique of the reception of the Knowledge-Based Economy concept within both mainstream economics and contemporary Marxist debates. The first chapter analyses how this concept and attendant discussions have recently prompted mainstream economists to provide it with foundations within economic theory and advocate the development of an economics of knowledge. Given the fallacious understanding, within mainstream economics, of knowledge, the economy, and their interaction, the chapter demonstrates the flawed nature of the mainstream version of the Knowledge-Based Economy and the economics of knowledge as judged from the standpoint of any contribution holding different views on knowledge, the economy, and their interaction. The second chapter addresses the reinterpretation of the Knowledge-Based Economy as cognitive capitalism elaborated within Italian post-workerist autonomist Marxism. The latter theorises the preponderance of immaterial labour within contemporary capitalism, and has been recently recast in terms of Marxist economic analysis. Following the persistence of capitalism and the continuing relevance of Marxian analytical categories, the chapter demonstrates how the conceptualisation of contemporary capitalism as cognitive capitalism hinges on a misreading of Marxian value theory and its relation to the economy, and weakened links of the analysis with the politics of Marxism itself. The third chapter investigates issues related to the social ubiquity of networked computers, which is increasingly understood as driving new processes of class formation within capitalism and as instantiating new forms of exploitation considered, under the label of 'prosumption', as simultaneously more pervasive and less alienating. The chapter investigates these issues through the prism of recent work of Italian post-workerist Marxists critical of the cognitive capitalism debate. The chapter demonstrates the theoretical flaws inherent in both understanding technology as a vector of class formation and the concept of prosumption, while also deepening the critical understanding of Italian post-workerism elaborated in the second chapter.
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Clarke, Ian. "Learning in developing economy clusters : the role of intermediary organisations". Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7511.
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Intermediary organisations play a distinctive, yet underestimated, role in the learning processes of developing economy clusters. This study situates itself in a new way of thinking about knowledge and innovation; one that emphasises learning as a social process, within communities that emerge through the development of shared practice. It finds that, while previous formulations of intermediaries have emphasised linking and accessing, in some contexts their roles are more fundamental and include community-building and coordinating common strategies. For many agricultural clusters, reflecting a move in developing economies from „import-substitution‟ towards a focus on exports, learning and innovation has become central. Facing challenges in knowledge generation and transfer (Bessant et al, 2003), clustering aids knowledge diffusion amongst producers and stimulates the learning necessary to penetrate international markets (Schmitz and Nadvi, 1999; Humphrey and Schmitz, 2000). While opportunities sometimes exist for learning from global buyers, however, it is more common in natural-resource based clusters for the onus to be on producers to develop their own capabilities (Gomes, 2006). This study examines the contribution a diverse group of actors, categorised as intermediary organisations, make to this process. The practice-based perspective (Amin and Cohendet, 2004) provides a framework through which the intermediary role is conceptualised, alongside insights from the innovation and network literatures (Howells, 2006; Burt, 2005). While these literatures predominantly focus on linking and accessing, however, intermediaries‟ roles are found, in certain developing economy contexts, to stretch wider. Through a case study of a Peruvian agricultural cluster, they are identified as performing a cluster-building role, by providing a platform for inter-firm cooperation. They also, through their ability to coordinate firm actions, facilitate opportunities for value chain learning. In addition, they provide new knowledge inputs to cluster actors, either through their own knowledge creation capabilities or their ability to translate and adapt existing knowledge.
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Kelly, Andrew. "Was Burns right? : leadership and power in the knowledge economy". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2008. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21947.
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Burns' (1978) book 'Leadership' is held to be one of the most influential books in the leadership field in the last 50 years. Despite its pre-eminence the fundamental concepts behind Burns' analysis of leadership have remained empirically untested. Burns argues that 'to understand the nature of leadership requires understanding of the nature of power' (p. 3), but the concept of followers as power holders in the leadership relationship has been greatly understated in much of the extant leadership research. Power is regarded as a problematic and complex concept that does not always sit comfortably with the ideology, and values espoused in much of the management literature. Many leadership models assume that power is the natural fiat of management and power derives from management's control of the main resources within the organisation and fail to recognise that power is dispersed across the various actors in the organisation. Burns argues that motives and resources are the two essentials of power, but whilst a review of the literature on transformational leadership (TL) will throw up many references to TL raising followers to higher level motives, there are scant references or discussion on the pivotal role the other essential, resource, plays in the leadership process. Much of the TL literature fails to recognise the exchange aspects of the leaderfollower relationships and the influence of power upon them. It also fails to recognise the influence of followers on the leadership style in the organisation, assuming a top-down model of unilateral activity where organisational agents select their behaviours whilst hermetically sealed from any external influence. Contrary to Burns' theory, these models proffer a simplistic model of leadership with a clear causality between leader behaviour and follower outcomes, rather than a series of complex, reciprocal relationships. This research sought firstly to test Burns' theory that a demonstration of TL will result in a higher level of motivation amongst followers, and consequently a higher commitment of resources. Secondly, to explore in more detail the influence of resource in Burns' theory the research contrasted followers' perception of leadership levels, motivation and OCB between knowledge workers and non-knowledge workers. It is argued that if Burn's theory of transforming leadership is valid, the centrality of knowledge as a resource within knowledge-based organisations will have constructed a new leadership relationship between knowledge workers and leaders where the satisfaction of higher level motivators will be evident. Drawing on Crozier's Strategic Contingency Theory (1964) it is proposed that the knowledge workers will use their position as the main source of organisational uncertainty and will expect leaders within organisation to recognise their control over the key strategic resource and manifest that recognition in an enhanced content of the psychological contract. The research used the psychological contract as a construct to measure the level of follower motivation and OCB to measure the level of personal resource commitment. Measures of the six TL behaviours in the Transformational Leadership Questionnaire (Alimo-Metcalfe and Alban-Metcalfe 2000), the Psychological Contract Inventory (Rousseau 2000) and three elements of OCI3 (Podsakoff et al 1997) were obtained from 426 employees from a range of organisations in Scotland including an electronics company, a bio-tech company and a government department. The research found that transformational leadership is strongly correlated to the higher level motivators in Maslow's (1954) hierarchy as encapsulated in the Balanced Psychological contract, but it is also strongly correlated to the mid-range motivators such as loyalty, security and belonging. The findings of the research also support Burns' claim of a correlation between a demonstration of transforming leadership and a high level of resource commitment, as represented in this research as OCB. This research suggests that where the higher level motivators are being addressed, in the forms of a fulfilled balanced and relational psychological contract, there is a greater commitment of resources in the form of a higher level of OCB. This research supports Burns' assertion that power is the central factor in the leadership relationship and challenges the leadership theory that dependent followers exert little or no upward influence on the behaviour of the leader. The research has found that TL is more positively correlated with KWs than non-KWs, more positively correlated with a balanced and a relational psychological contract and is also more positively correlated with OCB with KWs than non-KWs. This would suggest that leaders in KBOs are responding to the shift in uncertainty and knowledge workers have greater expectations of their psychological contract. Leaders in KBOs are responding to the changes in the power balance and are demonstrating higher levels of TL to secure more OCB, the source of competitive advantage in KBOs.
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De, Wet Ben. "Knowledge management and the learning organisation in the new economy". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17348.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the literature on organisational learning and specifically the concept of a learning organisation, an integrated approach towards the learning organisation appears to be lacking. The thesis is an effort to correct this by integrating the organisational aspects namely strategy, structure and processes into a coherent model of the learning organisation. For this purpose, the thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is a theoretical evaluation of Peter Senge’s concept of the learning organisation, and Nonaka and Takeuchi’s model of the Knowledge Creating Company. These models were evaluated to determine the degree to which these models incorporate strategy, structure and processes. In an effort to make sense of the learning organisation concept within the framework of the knowledge era, other influences such as Peter Drucker on the Post-Capitalist Society and Thomas A Stewart on how to manage Intellectual Capital in the new economy, were incorporated. In addition, the basic building blocks of existing theories of the learning organisation were considered in order to develop appreciation for their contribution and influence towards a model of the learning organisation. The second part of this thesis endeavoured to build a notional model for the learning organisation. This notional model is considered necessary in order to develop an appreciation for how matters such as structure, strategy and processes can interact and cooperate towards an integrated model of the learning organisation. In conclusion, a number of factors of organisation were identified as probable principles of organisation in the knowledge economy.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In die literatuur rondom organisasie leer, en meer spesifiek die konsep van die lerende organisasie, blyk daar ‘n behoefte aan ‘n geïntegreerde benadering tot die lerende organisasie te wees. Die tesis is ‘n poging om die invloede van strategie, struktuur en prosesse te integreer in ‘n geïntegreerde model van die lerende organisasie konsep te verkry. Vir hierdie doel is die tesis in twee dele verdeel. Die eerste deel sentreer rondom Peter Senge se siening van die lerende organisasie, asook Nonaka & Takeuchi se model van kennisskepping. Die evaluasie bepaal tot watter mate die implikasies van struktuur, strategie en prosesse in hierdie modelle geïnkorporeer is. In 'n poging om sin te maak van die begrip van die lerende organisasie in die konteks van die kennis era, is Peter Drucker se teorie van die post-kapitalistiese era, asook Thomas Stewart rondom die bestuur van intellektuele kapitaal in die kennis ekonomie, in ag geneem. Vervolgens is die basiese boublokke van die bestaande teorieë van die lerende organisasie besoek om waardering te ontwikkel vir hul bydrae en invloede op ‘n model van die lerende organisasie. Die tweede helfte van die tesis is gebasseer op kennis en insigte ontwikkel in die eerste helfte en stel ‘n spekulatiewe model van die lerende organisasie. Hierdie spekulatiewe model is nodig om waardering te kry vir die verwantskap tussen organisasie struktuur, strategie en prosesse, en wyses waarop hierdie komponente geïntegreer kan word ter wille van ‘n geïntegreerde model van die lerende organisasie. Ter afsluiting word ‘n aantal aspekte van organisering geïdentifiseer as waarskynlike beginsels van organisering in die kennis ekonomie.
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Newkirk, Karen. "Trading Places : integrating Indigenous Australian knowledge into the modern economy". Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2020. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/176385.
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Australia has a 30-billion-dollar knowledge industry, yet this industry barely recognises Indigenous Australian knowledge developed for over 50,000 years. This knowledge is important to understanding life on this planet. A 2012 regional Aboriginal education report noted “These ways of thinking and planning are our great gift to a world that desperately needs solutions...Unfortunately, this gift has not been accepted yet, or even noticed” (NSW Department of Education and Communities). Through continued denial of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander experience, their knowledge is largely hidden from mainstream Australia and to the rest of the world. This study examines what inhibits appreciation of Indigenous Australian knowledge through two sequential interviews with 26 non-Indigenous senior managers in business, finance and economics. The constructivism research paradigm frames the use of Causal Layered Analysis as a research method to investigate the interview data. A paradox arises between the aspirational discourse for an integrated nation with recognition of Indigenous knowledge as valuable, and ingrained images that erroneously position Indigenous knowledge as only representative of early human development on a linear trajectory toward 21st Century Western thought. From the findings, a spectrum of mainstream Australian society emerges with clear gradation from strong ignorance of Indigenous knowledge to reasonably high awareness. Evident from this spectrum is that for Australian society to embrace Indigenous knowledge, a transition is required to move non-Indigenous individuals significantly to higher awareness. This thesis argues that this transition could be progressed by supportive non-Indigenous individuals taking the next step to improve their understanding of Indigenous knowledge through learning. Thus, Australian society could establish that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledge is managed by its custodians, valued and in demand more broadly, is not compromised in the market, and is able to contribute to the management of Homo sapiens on Mother Earth.Doctor of Philosophy
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Das, Anup Kumar, i Das Anasua Mukherjee. "Role of Lifelong Learning in Emerging Knowledge Economy in India". Guwahai: Assam College Librariansâ Association, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106002.
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India is considered as an emerging knowledge economy; however, Indian citizens are not fully prepared to take up the challenges and opportunities of globalization. Lifelong learning helps in smooth transition in a rapidly changing workplace environment. This paper describes the lifelong learning process in the context of Indian society. This paper also elaborates how Indian public policies, particularly which are recommended by the National Knowledge Commission, supplement efficacies of knowledge economies by preparing young citizens in the country.
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Williams, Owain David. "TRIPS, biotechnology and the global knowledge structure". Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364453.
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Iilonga, Selma. "The role of the public library towards a knowledge economy of Namibia". University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6681.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDAccess to knowledge and information is found to be the cornerstone in the road to knowledge economy transformation whereby the utilization of knowledge is the key engine of economic growth, where knowledge is acquired, created, disseminated and used effectively to enhance economic and social development. This means that the more people acquire knowledge, the more they will begin producing new products or improving systems and existing products, thus adding value to local products and improving the GDP of the country, as well as improving their social livelihood. Therefore, the primary role public libraries have is being the knowledge hubs, to make provision of higher quality knowledge and to make information accessible to the public to equally contribute to all NDPs towards achieving the Namibia Vision 2030 for a knowledge economy. This research study discusses “The contribution of the Public Library services towards a knowledge economy transformation readiness which is envisaged by the Namibia Vision 2030. In achieving that, the study has investigated the state of the Namibia legislative and policy framework reflections of access to knowledge and information as provided by libraries. The study further examines the availability and accessibility of knowledge and information resources, including ICT infrastructure at public libraries in remote rural areas. Moreover, it discusses the types of education and training programmes conducted by public libraries in ensuring that users have the necessary information and retrieval searching competencies and skills for accessing and navigating available information infrastructural resources. Finally, it explores innovation systems, technologically and non-technologically initiated by librarians for library services enhancement, and how library users have tapped into the growing stock of knowledge and information, and adapted them to local needs for economic and social development. The study has employed the four pillars of the World Bank Knowledge Economy Framework, namely an economic and institutional regime; information, knowledge and ICT infrastructure; education and training, and an innovation system as the lenses through which to investigate the research questions understudied.
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Granger, Rachel. "The geography of the knowledge-driven economy : uncovering the spatial dynamics of knowledge work in English architecture". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434710.
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O'Connor, Daniel M. "Cinematic regimes of light/power/knowledge, the political-economy of secrecy". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0028/NQ32346.pdf.
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Sokol, Martin. "Regional dimensions of the knowledge economy : implications for the "new Europe"". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/353.
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This thesis examines the implications of the alleged rise of the `knowledge economy' for regional economic change in Europe. In particular, it is concerned with `postindustrial' trajectories of less-favoured regions, in both the Western and Eastern parts of the `New Europe'. In doing so, the thesis critically engages with the `new regionalism' economic geography approaches that draw on institutional/evolutionary economics, and on the `knowledge economy' or 'learning economy' discourses. These approaches invariably identify localised forms of knowledge production and learning and various supporting institutions as key factors behind regional prosperity. Considered as the most important organisational units of contemporary global knowledge-intensive capitalism, economically successful regions are understood as `learning regions' acting as collectors and repositories of knowledge, and displaying the ability to learn and innovate, while being supported by regional `institutional thickness'. Less-favoured regions are themselves claimed to have a capacity to improve their own economic fortunes by becoming `learning regions'. These claims are exposed to a theoretical scrutiny that reveals serious conceptual weaknesses in the `knowledge economy' and `learning region' paradigms and the thesis suggests an alternative conceptualisation of regional economic change. This alternative conceptualisation places emphasis on the `socio-spatial divisions of labour' and the accompanying `socio-spatial value chains/networks' as a useful prism through which increasingly uneven regional development in Europe can be understood. The case studies of two former industrial region-states are then presented - one in the `Western' periphery (Scotland) and one in the `Eastern' post-socialist periphery (Slovakia) of the `New Europe' - both attempting a transformation to the high value-added `knowledge-based' economy. The empirical evidence supports the view that, although institutions can play an important role in economic development of regions, their room for manoeuvre is nevertheless significantly constrained by their own historical legacies and the wider neo-liberal political economy.
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Durazzi, Niccolo. "The political economy of high skills : higher education in knowledge societies". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2018. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3818/.
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A successful transition into the knowledge economy is said to depend upon higher level skills, creating unprecedented pressure on university systems - as they expand across countries - to provide knowledge-based labour markets with the skills needed. But what are the political economy dynamics underlying national patterns of high skill formation? This thesis argues that existing theoretical approaches are not well-suited to answer the question: ideational and structuralist frameworks downplay persistent national differences, while institutionalist accounts assume that national differences rest upon the very lack of higher education expansion in some countries, downplaying the crossnational trend of higher education expansion. The thesis proposes a framework that accounts for distinct national trajectories of high skill formation within the convergent trend of higher education expansion. In particular, two crucial variables are identified to theorise the relationship between higher education systems and knowledge-based labour markets: (i) the predominant type of knowledge economy in a given country; and (ii) the degree of inter-university competition across different higher education systems. It is argued that the former explains what type of higher level skills will be sought by employers and cultivated by governments, while the latter helps understanding of why some higher education systems are more open at the outset to satisfy labour market demands compared to others, determining whether institutional change in a given higher education system is likely to be encompassing or marginal. Cross-national descriptive statistics and systematic process analysis across a set of diverse country case studies (Britain, Germany and South Korea) are used to test the theory. By highlighting the agency of universities, governments and businesses and by linking higher education policy with knowledge-based growth strategies, this thesis provides a theoretical and empirical contribution on processes of institutional change in higher education and on broader trajectories of institutional change across advanced capitalist countries.
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Song, Ji-Young. "Emerging patterns of space and time use in the knowledge economy". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609044.
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Sibeko, Xhobani Phethelo. "Innovation and the city in the era of the knowledge economy". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19986.
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Thesis (MPhil-)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Innovation can be defined as a process whereby radical and incremental changes in thinking, in a process and in services lead to novel processes, products and services on a global scale. The nature of this “process” distinguishes it from similar processes concerning development and competitiveness with which it is often confused. Given their unique characteristics and challenges, cities are often the ideal and most likely sites for innovation in a globalised world. In the past, cities were mainly tasked with managing the affairs of their citizens. However, modern-day cities often find themselves facing more significant challenges, such as competing with other cities for investment, knowledge and tourists. In addition, cities in the 21st century are challenged to develop city cultures that are conducive to a knowledge-based economy and lifestyle. Against this background, the purpose of this thesis was to determine the relationship between innovation and cities in a knowledge-based economy (chapter 1). The chosen research methodology entailed critically analysing core concepts, namely cities (chapter 2), innovation (chapter 3), and the relationship between cities and innovation in the knowledge economy (chapter 4). Based on this, the researcher proceeded to postulate recommendations and suggestions for policies of innovation in cities (chapter 5). In so doing, the foundation was laid for the future development of a policy regarding innovation in developing cities (chapter 6).
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Innovasie kan gedefinieer word as ’n proses bestaande uit radikale en inkrementele veranderinge in denkpatrone, in ‘n proses, produkte en dienste wat uiting kry in die ontwikkeling van nuwe prosesse, produkte en dienste op ‘n globale skaal. Die aard van hierdie “proses” onderskei dit van soortgelyke prosesse rakende ontwikkeling en mededingendheid waarmee dit menigmaal verwar word. Stede word dikwels beskou as die ideale (en mees waarskynlike) gebiede waar innovasie in ’n geglobaliseerde wêreld kan plaasvind, vanweē hul unieke karaktereienskappe en die uitdagings wat hulle in die gesig staar. In die verlede was stede slegs belas met die belange van hul inwoners, maar hedendaagse stede moet dikwels ander uitdagings, soos strawwe kompetisie vir beleggings, kennis en toeriste, teen ander stede die hoof bied. Terselfdertyd, word daar van stede in die 21ste eeu verwag om stedelike kulture te ontwikkel wat bevorderlik is vir ’n kennis-gebaseerde ekonomie en leefstyl. Teen hierdie agtergrond was die doel van hierdie tesis om die aard van die verhouding tussen innovasie en stede te bepaal (hoofstuk 1). Die gekose navorsingsmetodologie het die kritiese analise van kernkonsepte behels, naamlik stede (hoofstuk 2), innovasie (hoofstuk 3) en die verhouding tussen stede en innovasie in die kennisekonomie (hoofstuk 4). Op grond van hierdie analise, het die navorser aanbevelings en voorstelle rakende innovasie-beleide in stede gepostuleer en geformuleer (hoofstuk 5). Op hierdie manier, kon die grondslag gelê word vir die toekomstige ontwikkeling van ’n beleid vir innovasie in ontwikkelende stede (hoofstuk 6).
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Spitz, Alexandra. "Changing workplaces in the knowledge-based economy evidence from micro data /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11612009.
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Durbin, Susan. "Is the knowledge economy gendered? : call centres as a case study". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/639/.
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This thesis investigates the gendering of the knowledge economy and argues that women are being excluded from key areas within it, through their employment in call centres. Access to knowledge and participation in the knowledge economy, primarily through the use of information technologies, are the focus for a critical debate around social inclusion and exclusion. Gender inequalities are rarely considered, with a few notable exceptions. Women's relationship with knowledge is considered and developed through the analysis of four knowledge types. This demonstrates that access to and involvement in the knowledge economy is gendered. The relationship between skills and gender is analysed, confirming the perpetuation of patriarchal perceptions held by male senior managers about why women are employed in call centres. Management style in this relatively new sector is investigated to establish whether or not it has been re-gendered. Most knowledge economy writers posit the decline in management hierarchies and the `end of career'. This research reviews the implications of this for women's careers in management. The thesis critically considers women's involvement in the call centre design process, drawing upon existing empirical research on the social shaping of technology and the theoretical debates of actor network theory. This confirms that the design process is gendered and hierarchical, due to the exclusion of women. The investigation of women's relationship with the knowledge economy is researched through analysis of knowledge types, skills, management styles, career progression and the design of technology and the working environment in call centres.
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Woon, Tien Wei. "Arts in a knowledge-based economy : activist strategies in Singapore's Renaissance". Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2609.
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The topic of this thesis is the response by the Singaporean arts community to sudden and dramatic changes in government planning policy, in particular, the Renaissance City Plan (RCP), introduced in 2000. This plan provided the vision to transform Singapore into a vibrant global city of the arts as part of a move towards a Knowledge-based Economy. Although providing increased funding for the arts in Singapore, the policy changes appeared to some aspects of the arts community to be purely economically driven. This thesis argues that community-led cultural development are important for building a vibrant art scene and cultural development should not be left entirely up to government cultural planners.To allow an understanding of the different motivations that drive government-led and community-led cultural initiatives, this thesis establishes an economic, political and social history of Singapore, and its relationship to the arts. This thesis adopts the term ‘artist/cultural activist’ to describe those artists who develop community-led art practices, undirected by government policy.Case studies are presented of the collectives The Artists Village and Post-Museum, as well as the work of artist Koh Nguang How. Further, the author uses his own art practice as a means to reflect on the process and experiences of those whose cultural activist motivations give a 'community-led cultural development' character to their practice. Both to archive this work, and to demonstrate collective, ephemeral art practice, the author has included a digital artwork titled ‘Server Foundation: Indexes’.The thesis adopts Bourriaud’s notion of 'everyday micro-utopias' to describe the practice of artists that uses social relations as both the form and content of their artworks (Bourriaud 1998, 27), and contextualises this practice in the context of Singapore's Renaissance, showing cultural activism as a form of art practice which is making significant contributions to art practice and history in Singapore. It finds that a non-government, cultural activist-initiated contribution is critical to achieve a healthy progression of Singapore's Renaissance.This thesis concludes with the proposition that practices and artistic strategies of the artist/cultural activist should not be seen simplistically as a 'position of resistance', but as providing a valuable, even critical, contribution towards Singapore's Renaissance.
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Marcozzi, Andrea <1979>. "Self-Organizing Mechanisms for Task Allocation in a Knowledge-Based Economy". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1338/1/marcozzi_tesi.pdf.
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A prevalent claim is that we are in knowledge economy. When we talk about knowledge economy, we generally mean the concept of “Knowledge-based economy” indicating the use of knowledge and technologies to produce economic benefits. Hence knowledge is both tool and raw material (people’s skill) for producing some kind of product or service. In this kind of environment economic organization is undergoing several changes. For example authority relations are less important, legal and ownership-based definitions of the boundaries of the firm are becoming irrelevant
and there are only few constraints on the set of coordination mechanisms. Hence what characterises a knowledge economy is the growing importance of human capital in productive processes (Foss, 2005) and the increasing knowledge intensity of jobs (Hodgson, 1999). Economic processes are also highly intertwined with
social processes: they are likely to be informal and reciprocal rather than formal and negotiated. Another important point is also the problem of the division of labor: as economic activity becomes mainly intellectual and requires the integration of specific and idiosyncratic skills, the task of dividing the job and assigning it to the most appropriate individuals becomes arduous, a “supervisory problem” (Hogdson, 1999) emerges and traditional hierarchical control may result increasingly ineffective. Not only specificity of know how makes it awkward to monitor the execution of tasks, more importantly, top-down integration of skills may be difficult because ‘the nominal supervisors will not know the best way of doing the job – or even the precise purpose of the specialist job itself – and the worker will know better’ (Hogdson,1999). We, therefore, expect that the organization of the economic activity of specialists should be, at least partially, self-organized.
The aim of this thesis is to bridge studies from computer science and in particular from Peer-to-Peer Networks (P2P) to organization theories. We think that the P2P paradigm well fits with organization problems related to all those situation in which a central authority is not possible. We believe that P2P Networks show a number of characteristics similar to firms working in a knowledge-based economy and hence that the methodology used for studying P2P Networks can be applied to organization studies.
Three are the main characteristics we think P2P have in common with firms involved in knowledge economy:
- Decentralization: in a pure P2P system every peer is an equal participant, there is no central authority governing the actions of the single peers;
- Cost of ownership: P2P computing implies shared ownership reducing the cost of owing the systems and the content, and the cost of maintaining them;
- Self-Organization: it refers to the process in a system leading to the emergence of global order within the system without the presence of another system dictating this order.
These characteristics are present also in the kind of firm that we try to address and that’ why we have shifted the techniques we adopted for studies in computer science (Marcozzi et al., 2005; Hales et al., 2007 [39]) to management science.
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Marcozzi, Andrea <1979>. "Self-Organizing Mechanisms for Task Allocation in a Knowledge-Based Economy". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1338/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
A prevalent claim is that we are in knowledge economy. When we talk about knowledge economy, we generally mean the concept of “Knowledge-based economy” indicating the use of knowledge and technologies to produce economic benefits. Hence knowledge is both tool and raw material (people’s skill) for producing some kind of product or service. In this kind of environment economic organization is undergoing several changes. For example authority relations are less important, legal and ownership-based definitions of the boundaries of the firm are becoming irrelevant
and there are only few constraints on the set of coordination mechanisms. Hence what characterises a knowledge economy is the growing importance of human capital in productive processes (Foss, 2005) and the increasing knowledge intensity of jobs (Hodgson, 1999). Economic processes are also highly intertwined with
social processes: they are likely to be informal and reciprocal rather than formal and negotiated. Another important point is also the problem of the division of labor: as economic activity becomes mainly intellectual and requires the integration of specific and idiosyncratic skills, the task of dividing the job and assigning it to the most appropriate individuals becomes arduous, a “supervisory problem” (Hogdson, 1999) emerges and traditional hierarchical control may result increasingly ineffective. Not only specificity of know how makes it awkward to monitor the execution of tasks, more importantly, top-down integration of skills may be difficult because ‘the nominal supervisors will not know the best way of doing the job – or even the precise purpose of the specialist job itself – and the worker will know better’ (Hogdson,1999). We, therefore, expect that the organization of the economic activity of specialists should be, at least partially, self-organized.
The aim of this thesis is to bridge studies from computer science and in particular from Peer-to-Peer Networks (P2P) to organization theories. We think that the P2P paradigm well fits with organization problems related to all those situation in which a central authority is not possible. We believe that P2P Networks show a number of characteristics similar to firms working in a knowledge-based economy and hence that the methodology used for studying P2P Networks can be applied to organization studies.
Three are the main characteristics we think P2P have in common with firms involved in knowledge economy:
- Decentralization: in a pure P2P system every peer is an equal participant, there is no central authority governing the actions of the single peers;
- Cost of ownership: P2P computing implies shared ownership reducing the cost of owing the systems and the content, and the cost of maintaining them;
- Self-Organization: it refers to the process in a system leading to the emergence of global order within the system without the presence of another system dictating this order.
These characteristics are present also in the kind of firm that we try to address and that’ why we have shifted the techniques we adopted for studies in computer science (Marcozzi et al., 2005; Hales et al., 2007 [39]) to management science.
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Bano, Shah. "The role of universities in transforming a developing economy into a knowledge-based economy : the case of Pakistan". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/343583/.
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The thesis examines the functions of universities in transforming a developing economy into a Knowledge Based Economy (KBE). Universities play a vital role in strengthening the KBE by providing the resource, ‘knowledge’. This study explores the challenges encountered by academic leadership in Pakistan, while striving to achieve a KBE. Although, the Higher Education Commission (HEC), has introduced a large number of reforms in universities of Pakistan since 2003 but these reforms are only a beginning of a process of engagement of universities in socioeconomic development. The newly established Commission was charged with the task to align higher education with the needs of the country, provide greater access to quality higher education, and develop the skills of faculty. Other steps towards reformation of the higher education sector of Pakistan included the introduction of quality assurance systems in universities, investment in their physical as well as knowledge infrastructure and developing a ranking system for universities in order to create a competitive environment among them. These measures taken by the HEC were fundamental for the development of a globally recognised higher education system. The current emphasis on the promotion of entrepreneurship is now leading to the establishment of technology parks and technology transfer offices on campuses so that universities can contribute directly to the process of socioeconomic development. The thesis elaborates the conditions, which facilitate or hamper the functions of universities in Pakistan. University–industry linkages in the United States (Silicon Valley) and United Kingdom (Oxford and Cambridge) have inspired many developing countries. In order to follow the same trends, universities in Pakistan are adopting the entrepreneurial role too. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding how the roles and functions of universities in developing economies differ from those of universities in a KBE. Therefore, the researcher aims to fill this gap in the literature by investigating the perceptions of academic leaders in Pakistan. This research employs a qualitative design and grounded theory research strategy. The sample size consists of fifty semi structured interviews with various stakeholders of higher education such as the leaders of the higher education regulatory body (Higher Education Commission), five high ranking universities of Pakistan and the Intellectual Property Organisation (IPO) in Pakistan. Data are analysed inductively, resulting in a new substantive theory, the Model of Symbiosis. The study reveals, there are external and internal factors which facilitate the formation of a KBE. The external factor which include, good governance, political stability, an effective policy framework and strengthening of the institutions (government, judicial institutions, educational and financial institutions) while internal factors include the development of physical infrastructure of universities and knowledge creation as well as dissemination activities taking place in universities. These factors help in the creation of positive mind-set towards ‘knowledge’. Moreover, a KBE is based on surplus knowledge and innovation capability of a country. The production and use of surplus knowledge require collaboration among different institutional actors. The State, the National Eco-system of Education and the corporate sector, have to work in a symbiotic relationship so that synergy for a welfare society is generated. This welfare society will thrive economically and also it will become a part of the global international community. The researcher advocates that universities can put the economy on a stable condition if they are ‘tasked’ and deployed on a mission to solve issues of the society such as enhancing agricultural productivity, resolving the issue of electricity shortage, provision of clean drinking water, infrastructure development, and the growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to create employment opportunities. Hence, universities in developing countries can act as agents of change provided that their basic infrastructure (both knowledge infrastructure and physical infrastructure) is developed and it supports those universities in their roles. Secondly, along with the basic infrastructure, a regulatory framework and intellectual property regimes should also be in place to strengthen the economy in developing countries.
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Birch, K. "Biotechnology value chains as a case study of the knowledge economy : the relationship between knowledge, space and technology". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2006. http://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/a4ec217f-9f14-7586-b422-bfeed5810dec/1.
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The overall scope of this thesis is to consider the relationship between knowledge, space and technology in the ‘knowledge economy’ by drawing upon biotechnology value chains as a case study of the knowledge economy. Central to this is the claim that although biotechnology is an internationally distributed sector, it is also concentrated in specific places because those locations provide an advantage through dynamic innovation processes. Such processes are embedded in places because those places have a particular set of knowledge inputs and provide access to other knowledge inputs outwith those places. In this sense, the knowledge economy can be seen as dependent upon different places and scales that all contribute to the innovation process and therefore necessitate relationships within and between different and diverse locations. The major contribution to knowledge that the thesis provides is the development of a new conceptual understanding of innovation processes called the knowledge-space dynamic that focuses on the knowledge and spatial features of the innovation process rather than assuming that the concentration of innovation necessarily entails specific knowledge and spatial characteristics. Consequently the thesis picks apart the current emphasis on certain types of knowledge (e.g. tacit and explicit) to explore the ways in which these are combined in the innovation process and embedded in particular places. Thus the research approach in the thesis adopts a new methdological framework to collect and analyse secondary and primary data that has not been previously undertaken. Overall the thesis conclusion is that the knowledge economy – and especially the biotech industry – may not represent the best method for regional development.
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Braunerhjelm, Pontus. "Knowledge capital and the "new economy" : firm size, performance and network production /". Boston, Mass. [u.a.] : Kluwer Academic Publ, 2000. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0818/00023126-d.html.
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Fagan, Catherine. "Education and work in Scotland : global knowledge economy, enterprise culture and entrepreneurship". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/448/.
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This thesis has grown out of interest in and observation of dilemmas for practice and attitudes to enterprise education in primary and secondary schools in Scotland. There seem to be mixed views on the purpose of enterprise education and its justification to be part of the curriculum, its relationship to other means of addressing work-related purposes of education and shifting policy interpretations that propose to link enterprise education with entrepreneurship education. This latter consideration has been highlighted more recently with the provision of financial support for enterprise education from successful and influential Scottish entrepreneurs. These circumstances are examined in the later parts of the thesis and are preceded by an analysis of the wider context and variety of connections and interrelationships between work and education. Historical, social, political, economic and cultural connections emerge as necessary disciplines for understanding work, how our concept of work has developed and how it has been related to education along the way. Historical analysis is needed in order to analyse and forecast how education and work relationships are developing today and so a history of work and its relationship with education in industrial and post-industrial economies is provided as well as consideration of developments in the traditional but more narrowly defined area of vocational education. More recent developments in global interconnectedness, communications technology and the emergence of knowledge as the major requirement of our 21st Century lives have altered the balance in the education and work relationship making education the more proactive agent in the pair. Educational policy and practice have in the past been shaped by political and economic changes in society but contemporary attitudes to the importance of knowledge, its application and its transfer, in stimulating economic growth have made learning a sought after ‘commodity’ and education, although slow to make major changes to school practice, is now in a position to shape the nature and practice of work and workplaces. It emerges in the thesis that although education has been and is influenced by political, social and economic requirements, policy makers arguably have not paid much attention to the social sciences or to philosophical considerations when considering curriculum development. Likewise social science and philosophical enclaves have not shown much interest in educational theory and practice. Only recently have education faculties been established in many UK universities and begun to develop research cultures that in other disciplines already have long traditions and prestige. The chapters of the thesis bring together a broad and original compilation of areas of study that provide a scenario of connections that have the potential to inform, motivate and increase the understanding of educators and the makers of education policy when addressing the work-related aims of education. The final chapter sums up the scope of the variety of influences on the relationship between education and work and proposes that, although they provide very necessary bases for understanding, they have over time diminished what the thesis claims to be a necessary element in all education and educational policy deliberations, including those on education for work: that of value-based considerations for the development of the human person. Suggested ways forward for schools and course design, teacher education and education policy making are provided in the light of the deliberations of the thesis.
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Barker, Jessica Lucy. "Universities and the knowledge economy : Creating a vehicle for effective urban regeneration?" Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526781.
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This research uses a case study approach, looking at two smaller cities (Bolton, in North West England and Lowell in Massachusetts, USA) and their main universities, to assess the path cities can take in seeking to become knowledge cities, how we can judge where a particular city is on that path, and the role a university can play in contributing to local economic and social development. Globalisation and the knowledge economy are having a profound effect on the way in which higher education operates in society and the role it is perceived as playing in relation to local and regional economies. The policy arena in particular has embraced the concept of the knowledge economy and with it the concepts of the learning region and the knowledge city as means of regeneration, in turn placing much more emphasis on the relationship between universities and their localities. At the same time, we see greater prominence given to the role of partnerships, within processes of governance, in contributing to urban regeneration. , The processes a city can take to become a knowledge city, and the role of higher education therein, is an underdeveloped area of research, especially in relation to smaller cities. This research is aimed at exploring this area, by addressing the extent to which the knowledge economy can be used as a vehicle for the urban regeneration of smaller cities, and the role higher education can play within. Looking at smaller, post-industrial cities which are in close proximity to large metropolitan cities, this research takes into account the impact that being a `satellite' city can have on these processes. The research builds on an existing typology of knowledge cities before moving on to analyse processes of governance and the role of higher education within these processes. The research then focuses on what implications these changes have for higher education, in terms of both the internal and external functioning of universities. The research concludes by addressing implications for theory and making policy recommendations.