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Zito, Anthony R. "Expertise and Power: Agencies Operating in Complex Environments". Politics and Governance 3, nr 1 (31.03.2015): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v3i1.81.
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This contribution investigates the strategies that environmental agencies develop to enhance their policy autonomy, in order to fulfil their organisational missions for protecting the environment. This article asks whether there are particular strategic moves that an agency can make to augment this policy autonomy in the face of the principals. Critiquing principal agent theory, it investigates the evolution of three environmental agencies (the European Environment Agency, the England and Wales Environment Agency and the United States Environmental Protection Agency), focusing on the case study of climate change. The contribution examines how the agencies influence environmental policy on domestic, regional and global levels, with a special focus on the principals that constrain agency autonomy. A greater focus on different multi-level contexts, which the three agencies face, may create other possible dynamics and opportunities for agency strategies. Agencies can use particular knowledge, network and alliance building to strengthen their policy/political positions.
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Malefyt, Timothy De Waal. "Anthropologist in Advertising Agencies: Mediating Structures of Power and Knowledge Capital by Managing Relationships". Journal of Business Anthropology 6, nr 1 (7.05.2017): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/jba.v6i1.5318.
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This essay discusses how working from within an advertising agency as an anthropologist yields particular advantages in terms of presenting anthropological insights and gaining access to information that one would not have been privy to, compared to a study of advertising from the outside. Working from within an agency affords access not only to forms of objective data and consumer research documents that are less accessible from the outside, but also to forming critical relationships and subjective associations with clients that produce knowledge practices and situate information in authoritative positions of power from within. I draw on fifteen years of experience as a corporate anthropologist working within and among relationships in advertising which define, produce and sustain various structures of power and knowledge capital that orient insights and information in critical ways.
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Azarian, Mahdieh Sabaghpour, i Abdul Rahman Ahmad Dahlan . "Effectiveness of Knowledge Management in Achieving Success in Malaysian Government Agencies: A Literature Review". Information Management and Business Review 5, nr 7 (30.07.2013): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v5i7.1058.
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As knowledge is being accepted as an inseparable imperative strategy of organization, organizations look at knowledge as a power, which drives advantages to them. However, many organizations believe it is not about just the existence of knowledge but the organizational growth is being driven from the act of knowledge sharing. As modern economy, takes knowledge as a point to achieve project success, this competitive advantage is being utilized from the greater degree of inter-organizational utilization of information and data coupled with the harnessing of people’s skills and ideas as well as their commitments and motivations. Therefore, it is undeniable that today's knowledge is an essential asset of every single company and it has become more important than land, labor or capital in today’s economy. This paper investigates on the importance of knowledge management in generating of project success by analyzing whether or not government companies and agencies in Malaysia practice Knowledge Management. In this regard, a research has been conducted amongst fifteen Malaysian governmental companies and agencies to find how effective project managers in Malaysian government companies, integrate Knowledge Management criteria and key success elements in order to achieve project success and gain success.
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Peng, Yujie. "The Phenomenon of Difficult Enforcement in the Circuit Trial System in China from the Perspective of Power Operation". Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 55, nr 1 (27.09.2024): None. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/55/20240129.
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The phenomenon of "difficulty in enforcement" is prevalent in the judicial practice of China and poses similar challenges to circuit trials. This paper, based on Su Li's premise of the shifting local power dynamics in rural China, utilizes Foucault's theory of micro-power and Geertz's theory of local knowledge to explore how these misalignments in local power relationships affect the enforcement work in circuit trials in China, and provides suggestions on how to alleviate this issue. In the power relationship of enforcement within circuit trials, the relatively weaker state power struggles to support the compulsory execution of judgments, while the relatively stronger individual power resists the enforcement of judgments. This leads to a reliance on the recognition and cooperation of the judgment debtor, as well as the assistance of local power as a third party. However, the lack of local knowledge among judges makes it difficult for "legally sound but unreasonable" judgments to gain the recognition and cooperation of the parties involved, resulting in challenges to enforcement. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation with local powers and other state agencies, seeking a multi-faceted approach.
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Davis, Diana K. "Power, Knowledge, and Environmental History in the Middle East and North Africa". International Journal of Middle East Studies 42, nr 4 (15.10.2010): 657–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743810000863.
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To consider in what ways incorporating the emerging field of environmental history into studies of the Middle East challenges our views of the past and/or present, it is necessary first to take stock of our mainstream notions of the environment in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and how we think it has changed over the last several thousand years. The most common received wisdom about the environment in the MENA is that it is an arid, marginal environment, in many places a wasteland degraded by overgrazing and deforestation for hundreds if not thousands of years. The local populations, especially nomads and small farmers, are frequently blamed for the alleged environmental ruin. Born in large part of Western imperialism in the region, this environmental imaginary of the MENA has been uncritically adopted by the majority of postindependence ruling elites as well as development agencies.
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Burrell, Darrell Norman, Emad Rahim, Krista Juris i Zara Sette. "Developing knowledge transfer-oriented ethical cultures in US government agencies regulating the commercial use of nuclear power". International Journal of Nuclear Knowledge Management 4, nr 2 (2010): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijnkm.2010.032314.
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Fopp, Rodney. "Increasing the Potential for Gaze, Surveillance and Normalisation: the transformation of an Australian policy for people who are homeless." Surveillance & Society 1, nr 1 (1.09.2002): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v1i1.3393.
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Michel Foucault analysed the origins and social function served by institutions such as the prison and the clinic, explored the links between knowledge and power, and the body as a location or site of such social power. In this article, Foucault's analysis is applied to an Australian program for people who are homeless. After outlining a theoretical framework which emphases Foucault's theme of increasing surveillance being used for the purposes of greater regulation and control, this article analyses the changes that have occurred in the program. It is argued that initially the program was intended to assist non-government agencies to provide a range of services, including short-term crisis accommodation services, after which clients would move to independent housing. However, due to the lack of affordable and appropriate houses for clients to enter after their stay in agencies, clients have been forced to stay in funded agencies for longer than is otherwise necessary. Among other things, this program has adapted by providing more short-to-medium term accommodation and case management for clients which, in turn, has led to an extension of the time clients remain in agencies and greater intensity of service provision. It is argued that this has resulted in increased potential for surveillance, control and regulation.
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Akonwi Nebasifu, Ayonghe, i Ngoindong Majory Atong. "Rethinking Institutional Knowledge for Community Participation in Co-Management". Sustainability 11, nr 20 (18.10.2019): 5788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205788.
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Critics of participation often examine the undesirable consequences of state-led systems without much analysis of institutional knowledge at the local level. In this paper, we investigate whether smaller institutions could offer useful knowledge for meeting the development needs of local people. Using participation theory and related literature on development and power, we investigate a co-management system in communities around Mount Cameroon National Park (MCNP), in sub-Saharan West Africa. Our study adopts a multimethod approach to survey officials in 16 agencies and locals in 17 village groups. The findings indicate factors that hinder the effectiveness of local participation and avenues by which institutional knowledge can be customized to meet local development priorities. This system of participation, we conclude, could work better through open dialogue that is explicitly accountable and transparent.
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Evans, Terry, i Victor Jakupec. "From Modernisation, Dependency and Soft Power Toward a Commonwealth of Learning". Journal of Learning for Development 8, nr 3 (17.11.2021): 473–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/jl4d.v8i3.568.
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This article reflects on some influential theories, concepts and institutions that have shaped the nature and substance of international development since the mid-20th century. In particular, theories of modernisation and dependency are deployed to reflect on the ways in which the International Financial Institutions, such as, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank have adopted a ‘Washington Consensus’ concerning the social and economic development of ‘developing’ nations. ‘Soft power’ national agencies, such as, the British Council and USAID are brought into consideration, especially, for their interests and influences over matters of learning for development. The multi-national Commonwealth of Learning’s particular contribution to learning for development is discussed with suggestions made for developing member nations’ capacities to produce new local knowledge and to bring their existing local knowledge to the fore to share as part of a (Lockean) ‘commonwealth of learning’.
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Tretyakov, Nikolay P., Pavel E. Golosov i Saif A. Mouhammad. "Non-Traditional Correlation Analysis: Explanatory Power and Opportunities for Knowledge Discovery in Democracy Studies". Modern Applied Science 10, nr 7 (28.04.2016): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n7p99.
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The possibility of successful applications of the modified correlation coefficient is demonstrated. The latter was proposed by Lukashin nearly twenty five years ago and has been unused since then. A multivariate generalization of this coefficient is proposed. The modified correlation coefficients provide an efficient tool to develop a new multivariate classification method, i.e. a technique for grouping of objects that occurs together with their ranking. As an example of application of the new method, the data of Freedom House is used. NCA (Non-traditional Correlation Analysis), along with similar unconventional methods as FCA (Formal Concept Analysis) and QCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis) allow to gain additional knowledge from existing databases and numerous ratings which are produced by different agencies. The latters often lack time and opportunities to deeply analyze them, even to go beyond a simple “averaging”. NCA may give additional opportunities for social researchers to understand social phenomena in its complexity, for in-depth analysis and interpretation of structure of data, to build “hierarchical typologies”, and broadly, for data mining and additional knowledge discovery.
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Lokot, Michelle, Thurayya Zreik, Rozane El Masri, Sandy Chaar, Rayane Ali, Bassel Meksassi, Michele Kosremelli Asmar, Martin McKee, Bayard Roberts i Rabih El Chammay. "Power dynamics and participation within humanitarian coordination groups: A case study of the MHPSS Taskforce in Lebanon". PLOS Global Public Health 4, nr 3 (14.03.2024): e0003041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003041.
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The humanitarian sector has often been criticised for its hierarchical power dynamics. Such dynamics often centre the priorities of ‘international’ actors, thereby marginalising the knowledge and expertise of those closest to the setting and play out in various fora, including coordination mechanisms. While guidance emphasises the importance of supporting local systems and government structures rather than creating parallel humanitarian structures, this approach is not consistently applied, creating challenges. We used a case study approach to explore how power relations influence the practice of the Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Taskforce in Lebanon, a nationally-led coordination mechanism chaired by the Ministry of Public Health with UN agencies as co-chairs. We conducted 34 semi-structured interviews with Taskforce members and other stakeholders coordinating with the Taskforce, including local non-governmental organisations (NGOs), international NGOs, United Nations agencies and government ministries. Interview transcripts were collaboratively analysed using Dedoose. We conducted feedback workshops with participants and integrated their feedback into analysis. We found that UN agencies and international NGOs are perceived as holding more decision-making power due to their access to funding and credibility—both shaped by the humanitarian system. Our findings also suggest that power dynamics arising mainly from differences in seniority, relations between ‘local’ and ‘expat’ staff, and language used in meetings may affect, to varying degrees, decision-making power and members’ voices. We also show how the agenda/focus of meetings, meeting format, language, and existing relationships with Taskforce leaders can influence levels of participation and decision-making in Taskforce meetings, ranging from lack of participation through being informed or consulted about decisions to decisions made in partnership. Our findings have broader implications for coordinating service delivery within the humanitarian sector, emphasising the need to reflect upon power imbalances critically and continually and to ensure a shared understanding of decision-making processes.
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Göpfert, Mirco. "Surveillance in Niger: Gendarmes and the Problem of “Seeing Things”". African Studies Review 59, nr 2 (30.08.2016): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2016.37.
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Abstract:Today, high-tech surveillance seems omnipresent in Niger, particularly because of the conflicts in neighboring Mali, Libya, and Nigeria and efforts by the U.S. and France to boost local security agencies. However, Niger is not a very efficient “registering machine,” and the gendarmes have very limited knowledge of the communities in which they work. The key to overcoming this problem of knowledge—to “see things,” as the gendarmes put it—is the nurturing of good relationships with potential informants. But as the gendarmes depend on the knowledge of locals, the power relationship between the surveillers and those observed proves far more ambiguous than generally assumed.
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Kolaszyński, Mateusz. "OVERSEEING SURVEILLANCE POWERS – THE CASES OF POLAND AND SLOVAKIA". Politika nacionalne bezbednosti 18, nr 1/2020 (25.05.2020): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22182/pnb.1812020.3.
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The article aims to present the most important issues related to oversight over surveillance powers in Poland and Slovakia. The word „surveillance powers” used in the study refers particularly to covert techniques and practices of gathering personal data which occurs without the monitored subjects’ knowledge or approval. Such surveillance powers are typically carried out by police services and intelligence agencies, and are more politically sensitive, as well as closely related to core issues of power and security. Oversight over these services and their surveillance powers is the standard in democratic states. Before 1989-1990, there was a similar model of security services in both analyzed countries. During Communism, there was no civil and democratic oversight over police services and intelligence agencies. Under the communist system control over security services was exercised by an inner circle representing the highest levels of the Communist party. Finally, since the early 1990s Poland and Slovakia had to build new systems of control and oversight over surveillance powers. Nowadays, both countries are members of the European Union and the Council of Europe. The basic issue of the paper is to describe how the systems of control and oversight look in Poland and Slovakia in the post-Snowden era.
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Polianskyi, Anton, i Gabrielė Juodkaitė-Granskienė. "Foreign experience of interaction of forensic science institutions with law enforcement agencies and possibility of its use in Ukraine". Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 24, nr 2 (30.01.2022): 26–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2.2021.03.
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The law enforcement sector of our state is a separate mechanism which each element performs a clearly defined functional role that ensures social justice, protection and security of population, territorial integrity of Ukraine. These factors are an incomplete list of features that explain the importance of state activity in law enforcement or human rights. The latter brings together a large array of different actors each of which is entrusted with part of power or socially significant tasks. However, when carrying out law enforcement activities, authorized entities cannot always be able to address certain complex issues that require specific professional knowledge, skills and abilities. Therefore, for their resolving, law enforcement agencies cooperate with specially authorized entities that powers include conducting forensic examinations, in particular, forensic science institutions. In this context, it should be emphasized that ensuring effective cooperation between forensic institutions and law enforcement agencies is virtually impossible without creating appropriate administrative and legal framework for implementation of legal relations in this direction.
It should be noted that in recent years, the legislator scientific circles pays more and more attention to activities of forensic science institutions and law enforcement agencies. However, this does not preclude existence of a number of organizational and legal issues in implementation of these entities of their joint activities.
Thereby in the framework of the presented research we aimed to find out essence, content and features of administrative and legal bases of interaction of forensic science institutions with law enforcement agencies, make maximum use of foreign experience, and develop proposals and recommendations to improve legislation in this area.
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Kawakami, Anna, Amanda Coston, Hoda Heidari, Kenneth Holstein i Haiyi Zhu. "Studying Up Public Sector AI: How Networks of Power Relations Shape Agency Decisions Around AI Design and Use". Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8, CSCW2 (7.11.2024): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3686989.
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As public sector agencies rapidly introduce new AI tools in high-stakes domains like social services, it becomes critical to understand how decisions to adopt these tools are made in practice. We borrow from the anthropological practice to "study up" those in positions of power, and reorient our study of public sector AI around those who have the power and responsibility to make decisions about the role that AI tools will play in their agency. Through semi-structured interviews and design activities with 16 agency decision-makers, we examine how decisions about AI design and adoption are influenced by their interactions with and assumptions about other actors within these agencies (e.g., frontline workers and agency leaders), as well as those above (legal systems and contracted companies), and below (impacted communities). By centering these networks of power relations, our findings shed light on how infrastructural, legal, and social factors create barriers and disincentives to the involvement of a broader range of stakeholders in decisions about AI design and adoption. Agency decision-makers desired more practical support for stakeholder involvement around public sector AI to help overcome the knowledge and power differentials they perceived between them and other stakeholders (e.g., frontline workers and impacted community members). Building on these findings, we discuss implications for future research and policy around actualizing participatory AI approaches in public sector contexts.
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Nøkleberg, Martin. "Examining the how of Plural Policing: Moving from Normative Debate to Empirical Enquiry". British Journal of Criminology 60, nr 3 (11.01.2020): 681–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz080.
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Abstract The networked and plural nature of policing suggests that agencies are often involved in extensive exchanges of expertise, resources and knowledge. However, the network structure and distribution of power between various policing actors can vary considerably. This highlights the importance of developing sound analytical perspectives that can help unpack the complexities behind the linkages. Applying the network perspective, this article underlines the value of utilizing analytical tools and approaches drawn from social network analysis, such as brokerage and homophily, to empirically assess the roles of agencies and their contribution to plural policing. This, in turn, shows how, in the mixed economy of policing, as well as being understood in terms of the normative debates that often figure in the current literature, relational phenomena also require more sophisticated empirical approaches.
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Juritzen, Truls I., Harald Grimen i Kristin Heggen. "Protecting vulnerable research participants: A Foucault-inspired analysis of ethics committees". Nursing Ethics 18, nr 5 (6.06.2011): 640–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733011403807.
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History has demonstrated the necessity of protecting research participants. Research ethics are based on a concept of asymmetry of power, viewing the researcher as powerful and potentially dangerous and establishing ethics committees as external agencies in the field of research. We argue in favour of expanding this perspective on relationships of power to encompass the ethics committees as one among several actors that exert power and that act in a relational interplay with researchers and participants. We employ Michel Foucault’s ideas of power as an omnipresent force which is dynamic and unstable, as well as the notion that knowledge and power are inextricably intertwined. The article discusses how research ethics committees may affect academic freedom. In addition it is pointed out that research participants could be harmed — not only by unfortunate research practices, but also by being subjected to the protective efforts of ethics monitoring bodies.
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Ardi, Ardi, Innocentius Bernarto, Margaretha Pink Berlianto i Kezia Arya Nand. "Empowering knowledge-based interaction in digital startup". International Journal of Data and Network Science 6, nr 4 (2022): 1273–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2022.6.007.
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Digital startups are growing fast around the world, but new digital startups that are less than three years old or did not materialize when it came to funding while the business model is quite promising. Various literature shows that digital transformational leadership can encourage knowledge sharing and an organization's absorptive capacity to improve performance. This research investigates whether digital transformational leadership and empowering knowledge-based interaction, as well as the power of absorptive capacity, will be able to maintain digital startup sustainability through the improvement of performance. 144 digital startups that are established in a limited corporation and registered in the Baparekraf (Indonesia Tourism and Creative Economy Agencies) were used as the purposive sampling. Data collection was done through online questionnaires from each startup leader and processed with SmartPLS 3.0. The results of the research findings showed that the higher the degree of digital transformational leadership, the higher the degree of the digital performance of startups that include traction and financial performance, and also increased empowering knowledge-based interaction in the form of encouraging goal-oriented participative involvement, intra-team knowledge exchange, and continuous interactive engagement. Empowering knowledge-based interaction develops an absorption capacity process to produce the performance of digital startup organizations.
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Javaid, Aliraza. "The invisible, the alien and the marginal: Social and cultural constructions of male rape in voluntary agencies". International Review of Victimology 25, nr 1 (3.12.2017): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269758017745614.
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Drawing on a Foucauldian approach and on interview data including male rape counsellors, therapists and voluntary agency caseworkers ( N=70), the author attempts to make sense of the different ways in which male rape is constructed in order to better understand how it is considered and responded to in current English society. The qualitative data herein, which were collected through semi-structured interviews and qualitative questionnaires, are theoretically and conceptually informed. The author argues that male rape is socially and culturally constructed in voluntary agencies in England and shaped by discourse, power and knowledge. For example, discourse on male rape is constructed and reconstructed through social and power relations, and through social interactions between voluntary agency practitioners and male rape victims, accompanied by the attendant social structures and social practices. The implication of these arguments is that the voluntary agency practitioners think about and respond to male rape victims in an inconsistent, unpredictable and variable way, meaning that the practitioners are reliant on different discourses and cultural myths about male rape when providing support and services for male rape victims.
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English, Leona. "Financial Literacy and Academics: A Critical Discourse Analysis". Canadian Journal for the Study of Adult Education 25, nr 1 (30.11.2012): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.56105/cjsae.v25i1.462.
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Abstract: Using a critical discourse analysis (CDA), we explore the experience of adult education and business academics educating new parents for financial literacy. Informed by poststructuralism, CDA helps to examine the social relations of power operating in knowledge dissemination processes, especially as they affect adult educators, accountants, community partners, new parents, funding agencies, and government. We analyze our own engagement in this financial program, highlighting our complicities and resistances, especially the ways in which we wittingly and knowingly become academic lackeys for our government.
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Biswas, Debajyoti. "Contesting Homogeneity: Stereotypes and Heteronormativity in Aruni Kashyap’s His Father’s Disease". English: Journal of the English Association 70, nr 271 (5.11.2021): 359–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/english/efab007.
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Abstract This article analyses Aruni Kashyap’s short story collection His Father’s Disease. Kashyap challenges hegemonic structures through an emerging writing area tentatively classified as ‘Anglophone fiction from Northeast India’. By engaging with Foucault’s reading of Power/Knowledge this article examines the disciplining of literary regionalism (Anglophone literature from Northeast India), territory and sexuality encapsulated in Kashyap’s exposition of heteronormative societies across cultures. Through the stories Kashyap weaves a dialogic space within the narrative world that challenges various forms of stereotypes relating to regional representation in literary works as well as regional identity and sexuality prevailing in the contemporary world’s existing social and literaryscape. Therefore, it becomes pertinent to observe how Kashyap’s text becomes a site of contention where on one hand the stereotype is accommodated within the power structure, hence controlled and regulated by various agencies, and on the other hand the same knowledge is appropriated by the author as a counter-narrative/reverse-discourse.
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Layden, Tamara J., Sofía Fernández, Mynor Sandoval-Lemus, Kelsey J. Sonius, Dominique David-Chavez i Sara P. Bombaci. "Shifting Power in Practice: Implementing Relational Research and Evaluation in Conservation Science". Social Sciences 13, nr 10 (17.10.2024): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13100555.
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Elevating Indigenous leadership in conservation science is critical for social and ecological wellbeing. However, Indigenous knowledges are frequently undermined by persistent colonial research standards. In response, calls to implement ethical guidelines that advance Indigenous research and data governance are mounting. Despite this growing movement, most environmental studies continue to follow largely colonial, extractive models, presenting a widening gap between ethical guidelines and practical applications across diverse research contexts. To address this gap, our study aims to design and evaluate a wildlife conservation research project based on the Relational Science Model, which outlines guidance for improving research relations with Indigenous Peoples. To achieve this aim, we conducted a post-survey to evaluate the project from the perspectives of the intended beneficiaries of La Bendición in southwestern Guatemala, accompanied by researcher reflections and observations. The results revealed strong agreement between community research partner experience and Relational Science Model outcomes, including relevant and innovative knowledge generation, alongside improved trust in research collaborations. Respondents also outlined several areas of improvement, including a desire for more diverse community engagement, particularly regarding youth. Overall, this study outlines pathways and recommendations for researchers, institutions, and agencies to improve relational accountability in conservation science practice, supporting Indigenous conservation governance and environmental justice.
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Weschler, Michelle, i Lusha Tronstad. "Wind energy and insects: reviewing the state of knowledge and identifying potential interactions". PeerJ 12 (14.10.2024): e18153. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18153.
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In 2023 the wind industry hit a milestone of one terawatt of installed capacity globally. That amount is expected to double within the next decade as billions of dollars are invested in new wind projects annually. Wildlife mortality is a primary concern regarding the proliferation of wind power, and many studies have investigated bird and bat interactions. Little is known about the interactions between wind turbines and insects, despite these animals composing far more biomass than vertebrates. Turbine placement, coloration, shape, heat output, and lighting may attract insects to turbines. Insects attract insectivorous animals, which may be killed by the turbines. Compiling current knowledge about these interactions and identifying gaps in knowledge is critical as wind power grows rapidly. We reviewed the state of the literature investigating insects and wind energy facilities, and evaluated hypotheses regarding insect attraction to turbines. We found evidence of insect attraction due to turbine location, paint color, shape, and temperature output. We provide empirical data on insect abundance and richness near turbines and introduce a risk assessment tool for comparing wind development with suitable climate for insects of concern. This understudied topic merits further investigation as insects decline globally. Compiling information will provide a resource for mitigation and management strategies, and will inform conservation agencies on what insects may be most vulnerable to the expansion of wind technologies.
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Liebenstein Gegner, Harald, i Verner Denvall. "Utvecklingsarbete som styrteknik". Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift 30, nr 3 (2.01.2024): 719–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/svt.2023.30.3.4496.
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Development work as governance technique - an analysis of how development leaders experience power in Swedish regional support and cooperation structures. In this article, we study the experiences of power carried out by regional development leaders in Swedish regional support and cooperation structures (RSS) within the state’s governance of social services. The article answers two questions regarding: 1) the development leaders’ experiences of power in vertical and horizontal control rationalities in governmental knowledge management, and 2) the significance these experiences have for their understanding and comprehension of governance. The context is the national strategy on the knowledge management of social services. Knowledge management is exercised through interaction between the state, regional structures, government agencies, and RSS, implemented as a partnership. Our analysis is based on a series of recurring group interviews carried out as research circles with six regional development leaders. The analysis model in the article is primarily based on concepts such as control rationality, social technologies, and the relational exercise of power as a manifestation of normative power through subtle forms of control. The analysis reveals that the development leaders’ diverse experiences with power are shaped by the underlying governance rationalities in their operating context. In horizontal governance, they describe feeling a sense of participation and autonomy. In contrast, their experience of vertical governance is characterised by a feeling that someone else is in control. Their understanding of how power is constructed influences how they perform governance. They define governance as development, meaning a governance technique that allows for action and a sense of participation. We argue that development work should be considered a subtle social technology based on relational power, which organisations and professionals should recognise and put into concrete action.
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Bélair, Joanny. "Land investments in Tanzania: assessing the role of state brokers". Journal of Modern African Studies 56, nr 3 (6.08.2018): 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x18000289.
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AbstractFocusing on one of the most targeted areas for land investments in Tanzania (Rufiji district), this article compares the involvement of two Tanzanian state agencies in land acquisition, in the context of the central government's new strategy on productive investors. Given the fragmented and contentious authority of many African states, I investigate the impact of state intermediaries on the relationships between investors and local populations and consider bureaucrats as a group of actors to analyse flows of power within the state. I make two main points. First, the central state's weak infrastructural power and resulting lack of local knowledge, and, conversely, local bureaucrats’ possession of these valuable resources, reverses the flow of power from local to central. Second, a central monitoring process might have a negative effect. Instead of protecting vulnerable populations, it fosters institutional innovations that protect local bureaucrats’ opportunities for accumulation with investors, to the detriment of local populations.
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Aziatul pebriani, Reny, i RM. Rum Hendarmin. "Pengaruh Pengetahuan, Sosialisasi, Pelayanan, dan Sanksi Pajak terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi yang Melakukan Pekerjaan Bebas Tahun 2020". Jurnal Wahana Akuntansi 16, nr 2 (1.12.2021): 204–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/wahana.16.025.
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This study aims to investigate the effect of knowledge, socialization, service, and tax sanctions on individual taxpayer compliance at the notary office in Palembang. The data used are primary and secondary data with data collection techniques through literature study, observation, interviews, and distributing questionnaires to 50 respondents. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression. Further statistical tests prove knowledge, socialization, and service have a significant effect on tax compliance variables. However, tax sanctions are not proven to have a positive effect on tax compliance. This research provides benefits to tax agencies to improve taxpayer compliance through knowledge, socialization, and service.
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Metcalfe, Christi, i Olivia Hodge. "Empowering the police to fight terrorism in Israel". Criminology & Criminal Justice 18, nr 5 (10.11.2017): 585–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895817739664.
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Police agencies are often seen as reliant on the public to give them the authority and power necessary to carry out their responsibilities, including controlling crime. As many police agencies begin to take on counterterrorism functions, this empowerment of the police is necessary in their fight against terrorism. To our knowledge, no study to date has focused on the empowerment of the police in their counterterrorism role and the factors that influence the willingness of the public to afford the police discretionary authority in terrorism matters. Using a sample of Israeli Jewish adults, we assess the impact of legitimacy-based evaluations, as well as fear of terrorism and political ideologies, on the public’s willingness to empower the police to handle homeland security matters. Police legitimacy and political ideology have a direct impact on police empowerment, while procedural justice, police performance, distributive fairness, and fear of victimization by terrorism also have indirect effects.
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Benjamin, Orly. "Gendered corrosion of occupational knowledge". Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 35, nr 3 (18.04.2016): 174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-05-2015-0035.
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Purpose – When public agencies seek to privatize a service, a commissioning process begins wherein public sector budgeters must decide how generous the funding will be while taking occupational standards into account so that the quality of service is assured. One important area of occupational standards is the required personnel and job sizes of certified employees. Not enough attention has been directed to how occupational standards’ related knowledge is treated in the process. The purpose of this paper is to: first, investigate how the commissioning process is experienced by Israeli, often female, occupational standards administrators. Second, proposing a gendered perspective on Sennett’s corrosion of character thesis. Design/methodology/approach – As part of an institutional ethnography project, 16 interviews were conducted with (14 female and two male) occupational standards administrators at the Israeli Welfare, Education and Health Ministries. Findings – The routine of commissioning involves a stage of using occupational standards’ knowledge and experience, and a stage of dismissing it. The “corrosion of character” embedded in the dismissal stage undermines historical achievements in the area of recognizing caring work and skills. Research limitations/implications – The research is unable to distinguish between the specific caring occupations discussed. Practical implications – Service delivery modes has to develop into more publicly visible forums where occupational standards’ are protected. Social implications – The continuous corrosion of occupational knowledge may result in the demise of professionalization in care service occupations causing increasingly more polarization and poverty among their employees. Originality/value – While Sennett’s thesis has already been found plausible for understanding public servants’ experiences of the “new public management,” until recently, not enough attention has been devoted to the commissioning processes’ gendered implications for contract-based delivery of services. This paper examines these implications for the power struggle between the feminist achievements protecting skill recognition in caring occupations, and policy makers.
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van der Meer, Toni G. L. A., Piet Verhoeven, Johannes W. J. Beentjes i Rens Vliegenthart. "Disrupting gatekeeping practices: Journalists’ source selection in times of crisis". Journalism 18, nr 9 (16.05.2016): 1107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916648095.
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As gatekeepers, journalists have the power to select the sources that get a voice in crisis coverage. The aim of this study is to find out how journalists select sources during a crisis. In a survey, journalists were asked how they assess the following sources during an organizational crisis: news agencies, an organization undergoing a crisis, and the general public. The sample consisted of 214 Dutch experienced journalists who at least once covered a crisis. Using structural equation modeling, sources’ likelihood of being included in the news was predicted using five source characteristics: credibility, knowledge, willingness, timeliness, and the relationship with the journalist. Findings indicated that during a crisis, news agencies are most likely to be included in the news, followed by the public, and finally the organization. The significance of the five source characteristics is dependent on source type. For example, to be used in the news, news agencies and organizations should be mainly evaluated as knowledgeable, whereas information from the public should be both credible and timely. In addition, organizations should not be seen as too willing or too eager to communicate. The findings imply that, during a crisis, journalists remain critical gatekeepers; however, they rely mainly on familiar sources.
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Abma, Tineke A. "Dialogue and deliberation: New approaches to including patients in setting health and healthcare research agendas". Action Research 17, nr 4 (26.02.2018): 429–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476750318757850.
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Collective participation of patients in health and medical research is an emerging trend. The literature falls, however, short on process descriptions focusing on the power dynamics when sharing power with patients in the research process. This article therefore aims to generate knowledge on how to involve patients and redress power imbalances in health research agenda setting. The context for the study was health research agenda setting on Parkinson’s Disease in The Netherlands. The dialogue model was used: a multistakeholder and multiphased process for the coproduction of research agenda. Patients with Parkinson were involved in all stages of the agenda setting. It appeared to be crucial for people with Parkinson to create a free, protective, and communicative space of mutual encouragement to develop power from within and to articulate their voice. This prepared them for meaningful deliberations with health-care professionals, researchers, and funding agencies. Ultimately, these deliberations resulted in a relevant and useful research agenda that better enable health-care services to meet the needs and expectations of patients.
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Horoshynskyi, Oleksandr. "Modern methods of preventing crimes related to the excess of power or official authority in the system of law enforcement agencies". Cuestiones Políticas 41, nr 76 (6.03.2023): 735–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4176.43.
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The aim of the research was the examination of modern methods of crime prevention related to the excess of official power or authority in the law enforcement system. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, as the main method of objective and comprehensive analysis. The results highlight that over the past eight years in Ukraine 391 judgments, 4258 decisions on procedural actions were made during the consideration of crimes under Article 365 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The study of the Unified State Register of Judicial Decisions shows that the largest number of verdicts was pronounced in 2014 - 78, in 2015 - 58, in 2016 - 50, in 2017 - 46, the smallest number in 2018 - 28, in 2019 twice as much in comparison with the previous year - 46, in 2020 - 38, in 2021 - 47. Everything allows to conclude that, measures to prevent crimes related to abuse of power should be comprehensive. In particular, they must be effectively correlated with the legislative framework of the state’s protection and prevention policy, which signify the essential basis of any substantive democracy.
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Torija, Antonio J., i Charlotte Clark. "A Psychoacoustic Approach to Building Knowledge about Human Response to Noise of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, nr 2 (14.01.2021): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020682.
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We are on the cusp of a revolution in the aviation sector, driven by the significant progress in electric power and battery technologies, and autonomous systems. Several industry leaders and governmental agencies are currently investigating the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or “drones” as commonly known, for an ever-growing number of applications—from blue light services to parcel delivery and urban mobility. Undoubtedly, the operation of UAVs will lead to noise exposure, which has the potential to become a significant public health issue. This paper first describes the main acoustic and operational characteristics of UAVs, as an unconventional noise source compared to conventional civil aircraft. Gaps in the literature and the regulations on the noise metrics and acceptable noise levels are identified and discussed. The state-of-the-art evidence on human response to aircraft and other environmental noise sources is reviewed and its application for UAVs discussed. A methodological framework is proposed for building psychoacoustic knowledge, to inform systems and operations development to limit the noise impact on communities.
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Rohmaniyah, Inayah. "KONSTRUKSI SEKSUALITAS DAN RELASI KUASA DALAM PRAKTIK DISKURSIF PERNIKAHAN DINI". Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam 16, nr 1 (23.04.2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2017.161.33-52.
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The article explores theological, normative and sexual construction as well as the power relation and its contesta- tion that contribute to the perpetuation of the hegemony of patriarchal discourse on early marriage. It also discloses the mechanism of knowledge power that operates in the discourse of the issue. The phenomenon of early marriage illustrates how knowledge is constructed, controlled and perpetuated through several mechanisms to be eventually systematic discursive practice. The discourse and practice of early marriage relate with a set of patriarchal knowl- edge constructed based on understanding of religious texts and legitimated theologically and culturally by related agencies. Knowledge on the sinful of free sex and the danger of woman’s body in the one side and in the other side marriage as part of worship is standardized as norm and social order (a norm that woman has to cover their body, get marriage early to be able to be protected) which operate in the system of power as the ruler and controller of the practice and the continuation of the power of the knowledge. A set of norms and orders including the banning, com- pulsory, stigmatization, and stereotype become strategic mechanism in strengthening the knowledge power on the normality of early marriage. Several religious and cultural practices become the locus to instill the norms and the knowledge on the early marriage as being a religiously legitimized sexual channel and prevention for unwanted preg- nancy outside marital institution. The series of the construction of knowledge and of sexuality on the body of woman, as well as on theologically unwanted pregnancy and woman’s age limit, is standardized in the form of norms and orders that function to strengthen the knowledge. Hence, the power of patriarchal and discriminative knowledge systematically contributes to the perpetuation of discourse and practice of early marriage. The reconstruction of non-patriarchal and non-discriminative knowledge is urgent in order to create what Foucault calls “the rupture from the past,” by involving authoritative agencies and re-inculcating egalitarian norms and orders as a control over the continuation of non-discriminative knowledge and practices in relation to early marriage. [Tulisan ini mengeskplorasi konstruksi teologis normatif, seksualitas, dan relasi power serta kontestasinya yang memberikan kontribusi terhadap pelanggengan serta hegemoni wacana patriarkhi sekitar pernikahan dini dan me- kanisme kekuasaan pengetahuan yang beroperasi dalam wacana pernikahan dini tersebut. Fenomena pernikahan dini menggambarkan bagaimana pengetahuan dibentuk, dikendalikan serta dilanggengkan melalui berbagai me- kanisme sehingga menjadi praktek diskursif yang sistematik. Wacana dan praktek pernikahan dini berkaitan den- gan berbagai pengetahuan patriarkhi yang dibangun berdasarkan pemahaman terhadap teks agama dan dilegiti- masi oleh agen-agen (tokoh dan lembaga agama) dan legitimasi kultural. Pengetahuan tentang dosa seks bebas dan bahaya tubuh perempuan di satu sisi, dan di sisi lain perkawinan sebagai ibadah dibakukan menjadi norma dan peraturan (norma bahwa perempuan harus menutup tubuhnya, harus segera menikah agar terjaga) yang dalam sistem kekuasaan berfungsi sebagai pengatur dan pengontrol praktek dan keberlanjutan kuasa pengetahuan terse- but. Berbagai bentuk aturan dan norma, seperti larangan, keharusan, stigmatisasi dan stereotipi, menjadi mekanis- me strategis dalam mengokohkan kekuasaan pengetahuan tentang “kenormalan” pernikahan dini. Norma disosial- isasikan dalam berbagai kegiatan keagamaan dan praktek-praktek kultural dan pada saat yang sama dibangun pengetahuan tentang pernikahan dini sebagai lembaga penyaluran hasrat seksual dan menjadi solusi antisipatif kehamilan diluar lembaga perkawinan. Rangkaian konstruksi pengetahuan dan seksualitas tentang tubuh perem- puan sebagai sumber godaan, pacaran identik dengan hubungan suami Isteri, kehamilan tidak dikehendaki, dan keterbatasan usia, kemudian dibekukan dalam bentuk norma (misalnya keharusan menjaga virginitas, keharusan menjaga nama baik keluarga dan larangan melanggar norma) dan berbagai aturan yang menguatkan pengetahuan tersebut, dan memberikan kontribusi dalam melanggengkan wacana dan praktek pernikahan dini. Analisis relasi kuasa tentang pernikahan dini memperlihatkan bahwa kuasa pengetahuan yang patriarkhi dan dikriminatif secara sistemik memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap pelanggengan praktek pernikahan dini. Dengan demikian, agar dapat mewujudkan apa yang disebut Foucalt sebagai “the rupture from the past,” diperlukan konstruksi pengetahuan yang non patriarkhi dan non diskriminatif, dengan melibatkan agen-agen dan lembaga yang dipandang otoritatif dan legitimatif, serta pembakuan norma dan etika yang egaliter sebagai alat kontrol terhadap pengetahuan terse- but. Dengan pembakuan norma, aturan dan etika maka subyektifitas dan praktek masyarakat juga akan dapat berubah menjadi egaliter dan non dikriminatif.]
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Dussart, Pascal, Lise A. van Oortmerssen i Bé Albronda. "Perspectives on knowledge integration in cross-functional teams in information systems development". Team Performance Management: An International Journal 27, nr 3/4 (11.04.2021): 316–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tpm-11-2020-0096.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into cross-functional team (CFT) members’ points of view on knowledge integration. Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted using Q methodology. The 22 respondents were members of CFTs in information systems development within 7 agencies of the Flemish Government administration. Findings The study resulted in three distinct perspectives. To the CFT player, the benefits and added value of information and knowledge diversity of CFTs outweigh the challenges of knowledge integration. By contrast, the CFT sceptic is doubtful that knowledge integration in CFTs can ever work at all. Finally, the organization critic highlights the lack of support from the organization for efficient and effective knowledge integration in CFTs. Research limitations/implications The findings of this study suggest that CFT configurations have important implications for the development of shared team mental models and for teams’ cognitive performance. Practical implications Making CFT members aware of their peers’ mental models, ways of working and priorities could help strengthen knowledge integration. To improve knowledge integration in teams, managers should reduce knowledge boundaries that are the result of organizational structuring and power play between departments. Originality/value By focusing on daily experiences with knowledge integration, this study reveals that members of CFTs in information systems development hold contrasting perspectives on, and diverging attitudes towards, knowledge integration.
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Nnebue, Chimnoso, Queencallista Sidney-Nnebue, Efelomo Aigbiro, Monica Amadi, Collins Aghaebe i Emmanuel Ajakaiye. "Violence against Women: Awareness, Knowledge and Attitudes of Male Civil Servants at the Ministries, Departments and Agencies in Owerri, Nigeria." International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences 5, nr 4 (15.07.2019): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/ijmss.2018.037.
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Background: Violence against women (VAW) remains a huge and protracted public health concern. Also, there is growing recognition that the role men play in changing these inequalities in gender based power relations is critical. Documenting the trends of the aforestated role is essential to developing public health interventions to tackle VAW. Objective: To determine the awareness, knowledge and attitudes to VAW among male civil servants at the state and federal government ministries and agencies (MDAs) in Owerri, Nigeria. Materials and methods: This was a cross sectional survey of 326 male civil servants at the State and Federal Government MDAs in Owerri Nigeria, selected using multistage sampling technique from August 2016 to January 2017. Data were collected using pretested self-administered semi- structured questionnaires. Data were analysed using SPSS V.22. Statistical associations between variables were tested using Chi square, at p -value < 0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 40.6 ± 9.8. Three hundred and two (92.6%) of them were aware of VAW. Sources of information on VAW include: 184(57.9%) television, 171(53.8%) radio, 167(52.5%) print media, 152(47.8%) social media. The form of VAW mostly cited 227(70.7%) was rape, while the mostly practiced form of VAW 201(62.4%) was physical violence. Only 65 (20%) had good knowledge, while 151 (46.3%) had a good attitude towards VAW. There were statistically significant associations between respondent’s attitudes towards VAW and (religion [p =0.000], tribe [p =0.017]). Conclusions: This study revealed high awareness on VAW, poor knowledge about VAW and poor attitude towards the practice of VAW. We recommend sustained awareness and improved comprehensive gender equity cum attitudinal change education.
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Brailey, Sue, Ans Luyben, Edwin van Teijlingen i Lucy Frith. "Women, Midwives, and a Medical Model of Maternity Care in Switzerland". International Journal of Childbirth 7, nr 3 (2017): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.7.3.117.
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This article presents a case study on the organization of maternity health care in Switzerland. Switzerland has a costly health care system with high intervention rates within an obstetric-led maternity care model. Evidence has shown that midwifery care is associated with lower cost, higher satisfaction rates among women, and less intervention. However, in this model, midwives are both marginalized and underused.The article focuses on the distribution of power and knowledge between midwives, women, and the medical profession. The varying power structures that shape the maternity care system in Switzerland are examined, using a case study approach that draws on Foucault’s concepts of the gaze, surveillance, disciplinary power, and the docile body. This article critically analyzes the model of maternity care received by women in Switzerland and how it negatively impacts on both women’s personal and midwives’ professional autonomy while simultaneously driving up costs.A better understanding of the underlying power structures operating within the maternity care system may facilitate the implementation of more midwifery-led care currently being endorsed by the Swiss Midwifery Association and some government agencies. This could result in reduced cost and lower intervention rates with reduced associated morbidity.
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Marquina, Mónica, Cristian Pérez Centeno i Nicolás Reznik. "Institutional Influence of Academics in Argentinean Public Universities in a Context of External Control". Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia 46 (8.09.2021): 54–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/actpaed.2021.46.4.
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The paper studies the institutional influence of academics in Argentina within a context of increasing external control as a consequence of deep public reforms in the Higher Education system. Drawing on data from the Academic Profession in the Knowledge-Based Society (APIKS) survey, the aim is to analyse how much and in what sense the recent changes on the public policy level and the intermediate level of the state agencies have affected the academic profession in Argentina over teaching, research and social engagement activities, and its effects over the perception of institutional influence. Although we assume that academic power has been reduced within the new scenario, we believe that not all academics have responded in the same manner.
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Sagrestano, Lynda M., Joy Clay i Ruthbeth Finerman. "Collective Impact Model Implementation: Promise and Reality". Journal of Health and Human Services Administration 41, nr 1 (marzec 2018): 87–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107937391804100104.
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This article helps public administration practitioners and policymakers leverage broad community-wide collaboration and promote program impact. We present outcomes from a coordinated community response to teen pregnancy that adopted collective impact (CI) methodologies. Lessons learned highlight barriers to creating and sustaining a common agenda, raising funding for collaboration infrastructure, and implementing a shared data system intended to strengthen collaboration among partnering agencies and assure accountability. Implementation of a CI approach proved time intensive and required committed leaders to work through power dynamics and foster communication, trust, understanding, and willingness to overcome technology and administrative challenges to shared data. Successfully navigating these barriers offers the opportunity to bridge research and practice, leading to actionable knowledge and positive community outcomes.
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Nakai, Senjo. "Vernacular Knowledge, Natural Disasters, and Climate Change in Monsoon Asia". eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the Tropics 20, nr 2 (10.09.2021): 114–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.20.2.2021.3810.
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In Monsoon Asia, home to more than half of the world’s population, extreme climatic events are expected to become more frequent and intense due to climate change. Modern disaster management to date has focused on assessing the risks of natural hazards based on historical data, responding to disasters through prevention and mitigation techniques, and information campaigns, instead of vernacular knowledge cultivated in the local environment. This has led the public to a dangerous complacency about the power of technology over nature, and neglecting the possibility of “unforeseen” events. Climate change has not only made it more difficult to assess the risks of natural hazards, but has also diminished local resilience to them. However, since the adoption of the Hyogo Framework for Action in 2005, Monsoon Asia has begun multi-sectoral efforts to build local resilience to natural hazards by integrating vernacular knowledge into modern disaster management. Whereas in the past, experts and government agencies regarded the public as mere recipients of their services, they have now become acutely aware of the need to build partnerships with local communities to compensate for current technological limitations in disaster management, and to imaginatively prepare for the increasing risks of climatic contingencies. To achieve these goals, vernacular knowledge can be a useful resource, and a number of efforts have been initiated in the region to preserve such knowledge in imaginative forms to pass it on to future generations.
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Gde Putra, Ida Bagus, A. A. Ngurah Anom Kumbara, I. Nyoman Suarka i I. Nyoman Sukiada. "UNDERSTANDING THE CHAOTIC SYSTEM IN MANAGING TYPE-C EXCAVATION FACILITIES IN SEBUDI VILLAGE BALI". E-Journal of Cultural Studies 15, nr 2 (31.05.2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/cs.2022.v15.i02.p02.
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The catastrophic eruption of Mount Agung in 1963 had spewed deposits of lava and sandstone covering the lower reaches of the Sebudi Village area. After the eruption of Mount Agung, the lava and sandstone deposits were explored as minerals C and used as a new source of income for their welfare, but the community did not pay taxes. The purpose of the study is to describe struggles in fighting for capital between actors in the realm of the type-C excavation in Sebudi Village. This research was carried out with a qualitative approach, using a triangulation technique, namely by observation, in-depth interviews with informants with the technique of purposive sampling, and documentation studies. The theory used is the theory of hegemony, the theory of power-knowledge discourse, and the theory of social practice.The results of the study reveal that factors that trigger the occurrence of chaos are due to regulatory factors issued by the government which cause conflicts of interest between agencies in managing the type-C excavation. The implications of the chaos of type-C excavation have been changing the structure of infrastructure buildings, unclear topographic and geographical boundaries. Additionally, local government policies in law enforcement have made a shift in status of land ownership which is closely related to the interests and powers of actors and agencies in determining their actions.
Keywords: regulation, chaos, type-C excavation, land ownership
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Gomes, Herick Wendell Antônio José, Roberto Magno Reis Netto, Clay Anderson Nunes Chagas i Wando Dias Miranda. "Public safety intelligence activity: Advice in the fight against criminal organizations". Research, Society and Development 10, nr 9 (28.07.2021): e36510918285. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i9.18285.
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The present work, as a research involving the intelligence activity in Public Security, the present work aimed, through a historical rescue, which dates back to the emergence of a criminal organization in the state of Pará - Brazil, to verify how the intelligence activity it is capable of advising the decision-making process of public security institutions, in order to generate a balance of forces favorable to the latter, in the fight against crime. It started from the hypothesis that the intelligence agencies would show themselves capable of gathering privileged information, according to legality and efficiency criteria, able to subsidize the decision-making process. Using an inductive method and a qualitative documentary analysis, it was identified that, in addition to subsidizing managers with appropriate knowledge, the agencies were responsible for the frustration of measures of direct confrontation with the State, preventing damage to public coffers, as well as unjust attacks on civil and military civil servants and the Pará society itself.
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Poudel, Tikaram. "Policy Documents of Nepali Technical and Vocational Education and Training: A Critical Discourse Analysis". Journal of Education and Research 10, nr 1 (9.10.2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jer.v10i1.31872.
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This study critically examines the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) policy documents of Nepal, not only to understand the specific plans of the government agencies in designing, implementing and expanding TVET programmes but also to problematise discursive practices of TVET programmes in the existing socioeconomic and power hierarchy of Nepali society. More specifically, it aims at understanding the ineffectiveness of these training programmes concerning the target groups. This study makes use of Fairclough’s (1995) model of Critical Discourse Analysis of three inter-related dimensions of description, interpretation and explanation within the theoretical framework of capabilities approach (Sen, 2009). The findings indicate that the policy documents of Nepali TVET prioritise the development of semi-skilled human resources for the low-paid international labour market but ignore the conservation and development of indigenous knowledge systems of diverse ethnic communities of Nepal. The study initiates the discourse that integrating indigenous knowledge systems in TVET programmes provides a sustainable model of development.
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Scott, Alex. "Visions of Migration: News Images and the Production of Knowledge on the U.S. Southern Border". Journalism & Communication Monographs 26, nr 3 (wrzesień 2024): 176–247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15226379241261809.
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This monograph investigates the visual construction of migration on the U.S. southern border by the U.S. news industry. This study employs a quantitative ( N = 1,050) and qualitative ( N = 21) social semiotic analysis to illuminate the pervasive patterns of visual representation by three news agencies: The Associated Press, Getty Images, and Reuters. The analysis reveals levels of symbolic annihilation, social separation, and asymmetrical power dynamics that contribute to the symbolic othering of migrants. In-depth interviews with 21 photojournalists and field observation of an additional five photojournalists on the U.S.-Mexico border in Texas were conducted to analyze the factors that influence the production of images. Photojournalists are subject to myriad physical, social, and ideological influences from politicians, law enforcement, news organizations, non-governmental organizations, drug cartels, and border residents that constrain the depiction of migration. These complex conditions of production are marked by a scarcity of time, money, and autonomy that ultimately result in conventionalized imagery. The findings suggest that more comprehensive, nuanced, and humanizing accounts of migration can occur when external entities do not intercede in the interaction between photographers and migrants. Unconventional imagery, however, is no guarantee of empathetic reception from audiences who are steeped in hegemonic migration discourses produced by institutions that profoundly profit from a perpetual migration “crisis.”
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Solanki, Mrugesh R. "Human Resource Aspect in Digital Library Era". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, nr 10 (31.10.2021): 707–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38471.
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Abstract: Information Communication Technology abbreviated as ICT, is undergoing latest advancement. Library and information professionals need to adopt these changes by enhancing their skills and knowledge to meet the user’s needs. This can be possible by learning and implementing new ICT skills and knowledge through training & development, participating in conferences, seminar, workshop, self learning or any other medical of learning. Now the librarian in this digital era has to be proactive in implementing new tools and technological advancement in the library. This present article focuses the roles and functions of a librarian in this digital era, including information retrieval, navigation and browsing. This paper also summaries the skills, proficiencies, ability and competencies about professional and technological aspects that library professional staff should possess in order to meet the current and future needs of users. It will also help them to not only to survive in a rapidly changing technological environment but also enhance their professional and personal development. Keywords: Human Resource Development, Digital Library, Training and Development, Digital Competencies, Agencies of HRD, Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
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Nanda, Dendy H. "CSR dan Pendanaan LSM di Yogyakarta". Tuturlogi 1, nr 1 (9.01.2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.tuturlogi.2020.001.01.3.
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<p>This article aimed to describe how CSR funds play in the funding of NGOs in Indonesia. The flow of CSR funds from foreign companies to NGO engaged in the community is certainly raised the questions, seeing the very different spirit between corporate NGO. The corporation whose orientation is on financial gain, while the orientation of NGO is community empowerment and it is a non-profit institution. Therefore, we need to pay attention to the power-corporate relations in the NGO through the funding network. This research uses qualitative methods based on a critical paradigm. It was found that the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is no longer merely an act of charity and the social kindnes of the company to its community, furthermore, it is already a business strategy. The knowledge and power of funds agencies has been "driving" the NGO in Indonesia through the limitation of issues which are in the forum of donors. In the end, the NGOs in Indonesia have only become a capitalist tribes agency.</p>
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Eparkhina, Dina. "Scientists for Ocean Literacy: An Ocean Decade Project to Empower Scientists as Ocean Champions". Marine Technology Society Journal 56, nr 3 (8.06.2022): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.22.
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Abstract The Ocean Decade project “Scientists for Ocean Literacy” is helping marine scientists become more actively involved in public engagement. Scientists have the power, knowledge, and passion to explain the importance of the ocean for the planet. But scientists cannot do this alone. Scientists for Ocean Literacy aims at expanding the horizon of science communication towards a multi-stakeholder dialogue. The project is building on the best practices from the European community of oceanographers and meteorologists, bringing in other science disciplines, culture, and the arts, and promoting inclusiveness, diversity, and accessibility in the public engagement activities. This article explains the raison d'être for the Scientists for Ocean Literacy project, its objectives and actions, and gives recommendations on how to improve the ocean literacy offer in the publicly funded oceanographic and meteorological agencies and beyond.
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Levenson, Jill. "Translating Trauma-Informed Principles into Social Work Practice". Social Work 65, nr 3 (1.07.2020): 288–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swaa020.
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Abstract Trauma-informed social work is characterized by client-centered practices that facilitate trust, safety, respect, collaboration, hope, and shared power. Many agencies have adopted trauma-informed care (TIC) initiatives and many social workers are familiar with its basic principles, but it is challenging to infuse these ideals into real-world service delivery. This article offers 10 trauma-informed practices (TIPs) for translating TIC concepts into action by (a) conceptualizing client problems, strengths, and coping strategies through the trauma lens and (b) responding in ways that avoid inadvertently reinforcing clients’ feelings of vulnerability and disempowerment (re-traumatization). TIPs guide workers to consider trauma as an explanation for client problems, incorporate knowledge about trauma into service delivery, understand trauma symptoms, transform trauma narratives, and use the helping relationship as a tool for healing.
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Goodwin, Phillip. "A Body of Authority: Reorienting Gender and Power in Julian of Norwich’s Revelations". Humanities 10, nr 1 (12.02.2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h10010030.
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The 14th century mystic Julian of Norwich’s theology, dissolving gender binaries and incorporating medieval constructs of the female into the Trinity, captivates scholars across rhetorical, literary, and religious studies. A “pioneering feminist”, as Cheryll Glenn dubs her, scholarship attempts to account for the ways in which Julian’s theology circumvented the religious authority of male clerics. Some speculate that Julian’s authority arises from a sophisticated construction of audience (Wright). Others situate Julian in established traditions and structures of the Church, suggesting that she revised a mode of Augustinian mysticism (Chandler), or positing that her intelligence and Biblical knowledge indicate that she received religious training (Colledge and Walsh). Drawing from theories on space and gender performativity, this essay argues that Julian’s gendered body is the generative site of her authority. Bodies are articulated by spatial logics of power (Shome). Material environments discipline bodies and, in a kind of feedback loop, gendered performance (re)produces power in time and space. Spaces, though, are always becoming and never fixed (Chavez). An examination of how Julian reorients hierarchies and relations among power, space, and her body provides a hermeneutic for recognizing how gender is structured by our own material cultures and provides possibilities for developing practices that revise relations and create new agencies.
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Jiumpanyarach, Waripas. "Will consumers pay more for organic logo: an empirical study of organic products purchasing in Thailand". International Journal of Agricultural Extension 10, nr 3 (30.12.2022): 459–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.3926.
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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the willingness to pay for the quality of agricultural products toward the logo of consumers in different regions of Thailand and explained an opportunity for organic products in future markets. 408 respondents from February – June 2019 were collected based on paper-based questionnaires that focused on consumers’ choices, recognition, and attitudes regarding safety and organic knowledge. Three hypotheses were in this study. A choice experiment logit model was used. The questions included socioeconomic, attitudes, preferences, perception of safety and organic products related to logo. The study showed respondents who understood in the concept of safety and organic agriculture and had information logo standards tended to purchase organic products. The organic logo has impacted the purchasing power of respondents. Consumers were willing to pay more for third-party certified logo products (Organic Thailand and IFOAM) rather than local logos (PGS). Satisfaction with marketing, quality standard, and prices did not increase consumers’ demand while they pay for higher prices based on their interest and understanding. Consumers were willing to trade off between trusted logos and a higher price. The supported knowledge on production and markets from public and private agencies were beneficial along the supply and demand chain and agricultural society. To enlarge the organic product markets in the future, these are not well-researched factors that impact third-party and local logos. There were several studies about the perception levels, interest, understanding, and knowledge of the respondents’ impact on the purchasing power of organic products in Thailand.
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Indah, Putri Dwi Permata. "Social discourse in the power of distance learning implementation during the Covid-19 pandemic". Jurnal Sosiologi Dialektika 17, nr 1 (22.03.2022): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jsd.v17i1.2022.50-59.
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The Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on various sectors including changes in the learning process in schools. As an important component in education, teachers have a role in supporting teaching and learning activities during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, teachers in implementing distance learning face obstacles in the form of unpreparedness to adapt to the technology used. This problem is also experienced by teachers at SDN Jajar Tunggal 1 Surabaya, so teachers must force themselves to continue learning using technology. This study aims to determine the discourse created in the implementation of distance learning. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with Michael Foucault’s genealogical approach, and the determination of informants is carried out purposively. The results of this study are teachers have different discourses in seeing the implementation of distance learning. The implementation of distance learning using Microsoft Office 365 is used as a form of discipline for teachers. The use of technology makes it easier for schools and related agencies to evaluate teachers by standardizing the ability of teachers to apply technology. This study concludes that teachers have different discourses in the implementation of distance learning which are influenced by the knowledge of each teacher.