Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Kaupapa a iwi approach”

INTRODUCTION: This article discusses the development of a distinctively Māori methodology that centres knowledge and practices that are embedded within whānau. Mātauranga-ā-whānau is a Kaupapa Māori approach that brings a focus upon Māori knowledge that is transmitted intergenerationally.APPROACH: The development of Mātauranga-ā-whānau as a methodological approach supports both the assertion by Graham Hingangaroa Smith (1997) that Kaupapa Māori must be committed to the validation and legitimation of Māori worldviews and the argument by Leonie Pihama (2001) that there are multiple ways of expressing Māori theories and methodologies. Pihama (2001) highlights that affirming whānau, hapū and iwi ways of being within the broader discussion of Kaupapa Māori is critical. While it is beyond the scope of this article to provide an in-depth discussion of both Kaupapa Māori theory and Mātauranga Māori, it is important to note that both cultural frameworks inform the way in which Mātauranga-ā-whānau is discussed.CONCLUSIONS: Drawing upon whānau knowledge, experiences and practices, through pūrākau, this article introduces how Māori can approach research applying culturally grounded methodologies.

Purpose This paper aims to examine indigenous governance and economies of iwi Maori (Maori tribes) in Aotearoa New Zealand. Research into persisting inequities amongst iwi that have settled treaty claims and the potential for intervention through new governance models and indigenous entrepreneurship contextualise the paper. Design/methodology/approach Kaupapa Maori (Maori philosophy) is used as an indigenous methodology to facilitate and empower transformative change, underpinned by Maori knowledge, language and culture. A multi-level approach is used to collect data from international, national and local tribal organisations. Validity is established through stakeholder engagement. Findings A central challenge in the post-treaty settlement context is exponentialising tribal capabilities because of the multiple purposes ascribed to post-settled iwi. Four themes, characterised as “unfolding tensions”, offer a critique and basis for solving tribal development challenges: how do tribes create culturally grounded global citizens; how do tribes rebalance wealth creation and wealth distribution; how do tribes recalibrate tribal institutions; and how do tribes embed entrepreneurship and innovation within their economies? Research limitations/implications As data collection is still underway, the paper is conceptual. Practical implications Five strategies to address unfolding tensions are identified for tribes to consider. Social implications Tribal governors and tribal members are implicated in the analysis, as well as the architects of post-treaty settlement governance models. Originality/value The paper contributes to theorising about tribal governance, economies and entrepreneurship.

Purpose – The purpose of this research was to identify and create a decentralized development system specific for the whanau (family) and hapu/runanga (sub-tribe) members of Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu. In New Zealand, a number of Maori tribes have negotiated compensation with the New Zealand Government for past injustices. These assets are typically centralized within iwi (tribal) corporate structures to protect and grow the asset base on behalf of tribal constituents. This centralization of assets has caused political tension within tribes. Design/methodology/approach – This paper provides a case study of whanau/hapu-level businesses facilitated by the post-settlement iwi – Ngāi Tahu – to demonstrate how each level can work synergistically to encourage multi-level economic development in a way that matches cultural patterns and expectations. Participant action research theory and practice was utilized by researchers from Toitu Te Kainga (Regional Development Unit of Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu) between 2008 and 2012. This was informed by an Enterprise Facilitation person-centred perspective and a Kaupapa Māori philosophy of respect and empowerment of the participants needs. Findings – This paper argues that while a certain level of centralization is required, to ring-fence and protect tribal assets at an iwi (tribal) level, the benefits gained by that centralization can then be utilized to provide a springboard for decentralized economic development at the whanau (family) and hapu (sub-tribe) levels. Originality/value – This new indigenous development system is referred to as the symbiotic development model and is an original outcome of this research paper. The paper concludes that tribal economic development in the post-settlement era in New Zealand needs to combine aspects of both centralization and decentralization.

The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of Māori nurses and student nurses in Aotearoa New Zealand who combine culturally specific customary obligations in all areas of whānau (family), hapū (kinship group) and iwi (wider kinship group) life (in particular, caregiving responsibilities) with working or studying. The study was underpinned by a collaborative Kaupapa Māori (Māori principles and values) approach. Paired or triad interviews were undertaken with 13 Māori nurses and two Māori student nurses (all women), aged between 22 and 57, and from all parts of Aotearoa New Zealand, between October and December 2015. Their stories give a picture of considerable community service and duty outside work. The impacts on emotional and physical health which caregiving responsibilities have on Māori nurses are under-reported to their management. Facilitating Māori voices and realities to be heard will raise awareness of the issues and help identify potential strategies, policies and employment practices that will validate and support Māori nurses in their workplaces and in the wider community.

Digital technologies in the modern world are impacting on all cultures, including Māori. Tertiary institutions are actively deploying digital technologies in their teaching and learning practices. The relationship however between Māori student engagement in technology-enhanced learning and digital skills, remains largely unexplored. The landscape is further complicated by the fragmentation of online study and the move to micro-credentials. Concurrently Te Whare Wānanga o Awanuiārangi is being challenged to provide whānau, hāpu, iwi, associated communities and industry with self-motivated, knowledgeable, multi-skilled graduates who can understand and apply identified capabilities in a variety of contexts. This presentation will: challenge current educational frameworks based on cognitive, social and pedagogical approaches explore cultural conceptuality focused on the Ranga Framework in particular cultural self-efficacy in blended learning environments the role of culture and context in holistic assessment design This presentation will conclude by arguing that the concept of ‘cultural-self’ ensures all learners as active participants in the learning process, know who they are, where they have come from and why all of that really matters. References Bolstad, R., & Gilbert, J. (2012). Supporting future oriented learning and teaching: A New Zealand perspective.Wellington: Ministry of Education. Clayton,J., (2019) Digital Course Design and Deveopment Platform for Micro-credentials – a Cultural Self Approac, Positioninal Paper. Whakatāne: Te WhareWānanga o Awanuiārangi. Clayton, J., (2018), Keynote Address: The entrepreneurial mindset and cultural-self, implications and for teaching and learning, Tianjin City Vocational College, Tianjin, China Doherty, W. (2012). Ranga Framework – He Raranga Kaupapa. In Conversations of Mātauranga Māori (pp.15-36). Wellington: New Zealand Qualifications Authority. Durie, M. (2004). Ngā Kāhui Pou: Launching Māori Futures. Wellington: Huia Publishers. Crook, C., Harrison, C., Farrington-Flint, L., Tomas, C., & Underwood, J. (2010). The impact of technology: Value-added classroom practice. BECTA. Falloon, G. (2010). Learning objects and the development of students' key competencies. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology , 26 (5), 626-642. Mead, H, (2003). Tikanga Māori: Living by Māori Values. Wellington: Huia Publishers. Ngāti Awa Deed of Settlement to Settle Ngāti Awa Historical Claims, 2003 extracted from: https://www.ngatiawa.iwi.nz/cms/CMSFiles/File/Settlement%20Documentation/NgatiAwaDoS-Schedules.pdf Pihama, L. (2010). Kaupapa Māori Theory: Transforming Theory in Aotearoa. He Pukenga Kōrero. 9(2), 5–14. Smith, G.H. (1997). The development of kaupapa Māori: Theory and praxis. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, University of Auckland: Auckland. Smith, L.T. (1999). Decolonising methodologies: Research and indigenous peoples. London: Zed Books. Underwood, J. (2009). The impact of digital technology: A review of the evidence of the impact of digital technologies on formal education. BECTA.

This is the first known study concerning the use of social media by an imprisoned campaigner of Indigenous rights. We used grounded theory to analyse Twitter messages of imprisoned Māori rights campaigner, Tāme Iti, who was arrested during the 2007 Terror Raids in Rūātoki, New Zealand. The approach undertaken is grounded in kaupapa Māori, a critical, anti-oppressive, emancipatory and decolonising Indigenous research methodology. Our grounded theory analysis categorised three themes within the data: (1) Māramatanga: Insights from Prison, (2) Māoritanga: Living Māori Culture and (3) Tōrangapū: Thoughts on the Outside. We show that social media can be used to dismantle the communication barriers of spatial confinement and as a tool to counter dominant narratives.

This article identifies and explores how the internalised racism of racial minority clients is identified and treated clinically by white psychotherapists. Four psychotherapists, who selfidentified as “white”, participated in semi-structured interviews, exploring their perceptions and understandings of how internalised racism and racism manifested within the clinical setting. The data from these interviews was analysed using thematic analysis and produced four main themes: manifestations of internalised racism and racism in therapy, disidentification, therapist’s explicitness, and connection to culture. These themes were supported and anchored by four sub-themes. The themes represent a therapeutic process of: emergence, understanding, intervention and aim. The emergence of racism and internalised racism in therapy describes both the clients’ and the psychotherapists’ experiences of internalised racism and racism as it emerges in the therapeutic encounter. Dis-identification captures the psychotherapists’ understanding of internalised racism operating as their minority clients’ dis-identification with their racial and cultural heritage. Therapist’s explicitness identifies a therapeutic intervention, the psychotherapist’s communication to their minority clients about the racial differences between them. And finally, connection to culture captures the psychotherapist’s therapeutic aim of encouraging a connection to racial and cultural heritage as a protective factor against racism and emotional and psychological difficulties. Whakarāpopotonga E tautuhi e tūhura ana tēnei tuhinga pēhea ai te tautuhi te whakaora a ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro kirimā i te aukatinga iwi ā-roto o ngā kiritaki tokoiti. Tokowhā ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro, whakatau “kirimā”, i uru mai ki ngā uiuinga kōkau, e tūhura ana i ō rātau whakaaro, mātauranga hoki he pēhea te putanga mai o te aukatinga iwi ā-roto i waenga i te nōhanga haumanu. I whāia te aromatawaihanga kaupapa hai aromatawai i te raraunga o ēnei uiuinga, ā, e whā ngā kaupapa i puta ake: ngā tohu o te aukatinga iwi ā-roto me te aukati iwi i roto i te haumanu, te tuakiri-ui, te mārama o te kaihaumanu me te here ki te ahurea. E whā ngā kaupapa huiroto tuatoko, taunaki hoki i ēnei kaupapa. He kanohitanga ēnei kaupapa i te tukanga haumanu o te: pueatanga, te māramatanga, te whakaurutanga me te whāinga. Te pueatanga ake o te aukatinga iwi me te aukatinga iwi ā-roto i rō haumanutanga e whakaāhua ana i te whaiaro aukatinga iwi ā-roto me te aukatinga iwi hoki o te kiritaki rāuatahi ko te kaiwhakaora hinengaro i te wā haumanutanga. E mau ana i te tuakiri-ui te tirohanga a ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro o te aukatinga iwi ā-roto whakamahia ai hai tuakiri-whakaui pānga iwi, tuakiri-whakaui ahurea o ō rātau kiritaki tokoiti. He whakaaturanga haumanu aukati te whakamārama koi ā ngā kaihaumanu, ko te whakatau a te kaiwhakaora hinengaro ki ā rātau kiritaki tokoiti mō te rerekētanga iwi i waenga i a rātau. I te mutunga, ko te here ki te ahurea e hopu ana i te whāinga haumanu ā te kaiwhakaora hinengaro, arā ki te whakatenatena herenga tuku iho ā-iwi, ā-ahurea hai mea haumarutanga atu i te aukatinga iwi, whakararutanga kare ā-roto, hinengaro.

AbstractObjectiveThe present research sought to better understand the barriers, facilitators, attitudes and beliefs that influence the way Māori and Samoan grandparents feed their grandchildren in a deprived urban neighbourhood in New Zealand.DesignThe research adopted a qualitative methodology that was consistent with a Kaupapa Māori research approach. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with grandparents to collect narrative data.SettingSampling occurred in one Auckland suburb. The suburb was selected because of its high level of socio-economic deprivation and ethnic diversity.SubjectsSeven grandparents participated in the study (five Māori and two Samoan). Each participant met the inclusion criteria (i.e. they had provided at least five meals per week over the previous three months to grandchildren aged less than 24 months). Marae (i.e. meeting houses and areas used by local Māori tribes/sub-tribes) and community organisations were used to recruit participants.ResultsA general inductive thematic analysis identified four key themes: (i) grandparents’ understanding of optimal feeding practices; (ii) economic and material factors; (iii) previous experiences and customary norms; and (iv) social support and societal pressure.ConclusionsThe study showed that grandparents’ complementary feeding practices in caring for infant grandchildren were influenced by upstream structural elements such as government policies related to welfare and pensions, employment, income and cultural knowledge. Frameworks that seek to achieve social justice and support cultural practices should be employed and promoted in the development of future policy and research in this area.

A research partnership between Iwi (tribal group) Ngāti Pāhauwera and a university-based research centre specialising in Kaupapa Māori (by Māori, for Māori) research was formed in response to an invitation from Ngāti Pāhauwera. The initial partnership goal was to address health inequities experienced by Māori women and infants in Te Wairoa (the home place of the Iwi), a predominantly Māori, rural region in Aotearoa (New Zealand). The research developed by the partnership is an example of a culturally responsive research methodology. Key features include: being Iwi-initiated; community identification of strengths and assets; guidance by a community steering group; contribution to local Māori research capacity; and the development of a community-led augmented maternity care pathway that is now being delivered through primary care. These features have strengthened the engagement of the Iwi, researchers and community, and provided opportunities for transformative change.

The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is an invasive pest in North America and Europe that damages many plant species and invades human dwellings. It is regularly intercepted at Aotearoa/New Zealand’s borders but is not yet known to have established. Māori are partners in New Zealand’s biosecurity community and an understanding of the potential impact of any invasive alien species to their interests is essential. The known impacts of BMSB in published literature were reviewed with a focus on Māori plant taonga (valued or treasured plant species) in: (1) Māori commercial enterprises; (2) mara kai (food gardens); and (3) the natural estate. Many fruit and some vegetable species are likely to be affected by BMSB in commercial and non-commercial Māori horticulture but the impact of BMSB on indigenous/native and other taonga plant species in mara kai and the native estate is difficult to evaluate. BMSB poses a serious economic threat to some crop species of commercial value to Māori, as well as threat to some native taonga species. A kaupapa Māori approach examining unpublished mātauranga (knowledge) would considerably broaden this understanding. He ngārara raupatu kaha nei i te tini o ngā tipu, te urutomo noa i te hunga tangata te ngārara nei. Ka kaha haukotingia te ngārara nei e te mana ārai o Aotearoa heoi anō, kāore anō kia whakawhenua i a ia. E mahi tahi ana a Māori rāua ko te hapori marukoiora, anō hoki e mārama ana i te mōrearea o ngā tipu tauiwi - e whai pānga kia rātou. Te Tukanga. I arotake i ngā tuhinga e hāngai ana ki ngā kopuratanga e mōhio nei - e Māori ai te titiro o roto: (1) ngā pākihi Māori (2) ngā māra kai (3) te taiao anō hoki. Te Whakautu. He maha hoki ngā huawhenua me ngā huarākau ka pāngia e te BMSB o roto i ngā pākihi, i ngā ahuone Māori heoi anō, te taea te whakatau i ngā pānga o te BMSB ki te iwi taketake me ōna taonga o roto i ngā māra kai. Te Whakakapinga. Kei tino raru ētahi tipu e whai pānga ki te Māori, ngā tipu taketake anō hoki i te BMSB. Mā te tirohanga Māori e whakawhānui i ngā mōhiotanga.

This thesis establishes a comprehensive understanding of the contemporary exercise of tino rangatiratanga by Ngai Tahu. This is achieved by examining Ngai Tahu's approach to, and internal expression of, tino rangatiratanga. In 1996 the Te Runanga 0 Ngai Tahu Act was passed. This, for the first time since the Treaty of Waitangi and Pakeha colonisation, legally recognised an organisational structure that was tribally derived and, in turn, allowed for a new degree of self-determination. This qualitative research provides an insight into the directions Ngai Tahu is embarking upon under its new administration in the attainment of tino rangatiratanga. Ngai Tahu's new organisational structure, since its formal inception, has not operated without its problems. These arise from a transitional phase which indicates a shift in paradigm from grievance mode to development mode. Internally, this has created a time of tension. Some runanga struggle to reaffirm their rangatiratanga in the wake of its tribal collectivisation represented in Te Runanga o Ngai Tahu. During this phase, communication throughout the organisational structure is paramount. This will ensure the recognition of rangatiratanga at all its levels and, thus, maintain tribal cohesion. Within Ngai Tahu, tino rangatiratanga is approached differently by its beneficiaries depending upon what element of the tribal make-up is being emphasised. For some, tino rangatiratanga is that expressed by the administrative structure, where it is translated into the notion of achieving economic sovereignty for the iwi. For others, it is derived from an individual's whakapapa (genealogy), with its collective expression revolving around the hapu and runanga only. With knowledge of these two divergent approaches to tino rangatiratanga, Ngai Tahu can negotiate a course of future development that embraces both the tribal, runanga and individual elements inherent in them both.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a storybook retell technique to facilitate vocabulary acquisition in children educated in Māori immersion class settings. A second aim of the study was to explore the cultural responsiveness and pedagogical appropriateness of the intervention approach and the importance of relationship building (whakawhanaungatanga) to successful interventions. Nine children participated in the study. These children (aged between 5 and 8 years) were recruited from two Kura Kaupapa Māori settings in differing urban areas in New Zealand. The children entered the study on a rolling basis in groups of three. The first three participants to enter the study were recruited from the one classroom on the basis of their demonstrating specific language impairment (SLI). The second group of three participants attended a different classroom and these participants were recruited into the study as a result of identified delayed reading development (RD). The third group of three participants from a third classroom was selected as the participants exhibited typical spoken and written language development (TD). The intervention technique utilized in this study adopted a structured approach to teaching the meaning of pre selected vocabulary items that were embedded in class story books. Three different books were selected and each book was read by the teacher to the whole class three times during a one week period. The target vocabulary was highlighted each time it occurred in the story through the following techniques: an adult definition was given for the word, an antonym or synonym was given, and the meaning was acted out by the teacher or the picture detailing the meaning of the word in the book was highlighted. A single subject research design using pre-intervention, intervention and post intervention assessment probes for the target vocabulary items was employed to examine the effectiveness of the intervention in teaching the children the targeted vocabulary. Teacher interviews were also carried out to assess the appropriateness of the intervention in relation to the philosophy of the Kura Kaupapa and its pedagogical appropriateness and cultural responsiveness. The results suggested that the children in all three groups (SLI, RD and TD) made moderate gains in the acquisition of the target vocabulary supporting the hypothesis that targeting vocabulary in story book retelling at a whole class level will lead to acquisition of the vocabulary by the participants' exposed to the intervention. However, using a Two Standard Deviation method to evaluate the significance of each participant's change, the gains made for the RD and SLI participants were not significant. The TD participants did demonstrate a significant difference in the number of words correct. The teachers of the participants involved in the study reported positively on the effectiveness and appropriateness of the intervention for inclusion within the Kura Kaupapa and classroom programme. In particular, teachers' reported that as the intervention included each child in the class (as opposed to a withdrawal intervention model) the intervention was more appropriate for the philosophy of the Kura Kaupapa. The teachers' also reported the effectiveness of the intervention for the development of collaboration and relationship building between the teacher and researcher (a speech-language therapist. The data showed that the intervention investigated in this study was culturally responsive and pedagogically appropriate. It could be included as a component of the class programme as it was responsive to the philosophy of the Kura Kaupapa. The participants' did make moderate gains in the acquisition of the vocabulary (although not at a level to be considered significant for children with delayed development). Further research is necessary to explore the effectiveness of what may potentially be a useful intervention to enhance vocabulary development for children in Kura Kaupapa.

Tribal traditions and practices are integral to iwi identity. From the past to the present, the biggest impact on iwi identity was colonisation and subsequent urbanisation. Urbanisation changed the foundation of identity largely due to the demographic rural-urban shift, effectively creating a distance physically and spiritually for Māori between their place of residence and their traditional tribal turangawaewae. Today a larger proportion of tribal members reside in the main urban centres of New Zealand and Australia. This phenomenon provides an ideal opportunity to explore how iwi identity is maintained in an urban setting – away from the traditional sites of cultural practice. The study, which focuses on Ngāti Awa members residing in Auckland, provided evidence that the foundation of an iwi identity is still heavily reliant on strong iwi-based whānau. The corollary is that, strengthening the tribal knowledge base of whānau residing in urban centres may require new or increased active participation in the customs and practices of their iwi. Regrettably, only three of the ten research participants had an in-depth knowledge of their whakapapa, histories and traditions. However, all the participants indicated the need to become more pro-active in creating and expanding on their knowledge base of iwitanga (including te reo). There was also acknowledgement that urban-based iwi marae and whānau wānanga can provide individuals with the opportunities to learn more about their iwi traditions (and thereby reinforce their sense of tribal identity). Encouragingly, each participant confirmed that identifying as Ngāti Awa was important to them, largely due to the sense of belonging and identity. The study concluded that the sustainability of iwi is reliant on iwi members supporting their iwi regardless of the location of their upbringing.

Beginning approximately coincident with the advent of the global HIV pandemic, a growing number of qualitative and quantitative epidemiological studies have investigated the phenomenon of the injection of illicit psychoactive substances by individuals held within correctional settings. Empirical studies reveal that incarceration is a common experience for people who use illicit drugs, and injection while incarcerated (IWI) is an unintended if widespread consequence of the prohibition-based approach to regulating psychoactive drugs. Analyses of the spread of HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and other blood-borne pathogens among injection drug users have identified IWI as an important risk factor. Although a number of evidence-based responses have been developed to mitigate the risks associated with IWI, they are unavailable to the vast majority of imprisoned people who use injection drugs.

Through a comparison with the film’s source, Witi Ihimaera’s novel The Whale Rider (1987), this chapter explores why many Māori found the film culturally offensive on account of the way that its Pākehā director, Niki Caro, imposed a euro-centric feminist ideology on the story in the process of adaptation that was at odds with the kaupapa Māori approach taken by Ihimaera in the original. The film is discussed as illustrating a trend whereby national coming-of-age stories would increasingly be subjected to a conventionalized generic treatment in order to reach a prospective international audience sought by funding bodies.

The chapter draws from notions and experiences of kaitiakitanga (guardianship) in the context of a pūrākau (indigenous narrative) approach to understanding and developing a Kaupapa Māori conceptual framework. This approach acknowledges Mātauranga Māori (Maori bodies of knowledge) as the theoretical basis for Kaupapa Māori praxis, particularly in the field of health and social services. A pūrākau approach includes utilizing whakapapa kōrero (genealogical narratives) as it informs the use of traditional principles, beliefs, and practices (tikanga) in working alongside Māori whānau, hapū, and iwi. These purakau identify natural elements represented in the form of Ātua, or Gods. Through whakapapa (genealogical descent), Maori episteme positions tangata whenua within nature. The indigenous worldview recognizes the inter-connected relationships, obligations, and responsibilities that underpin the philosophical positioning of kaitiaki practices.