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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Judder”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 1 lutego 2022

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Judder"

Jacobsson, H. "Aspects of Disc Brake Judder". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 217, nr 6 (1.06.2003): 419–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440703766518069.

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Brake judder is a braking induced, forced vibration occurring in different types of vehicles. The judder frequency is directly proportional to the revolution speed of the wheel and therefore also to the velocity of the vehicle. The driver experiences judder as vibrations in the steering wheel, brake pedal and floor. In the higher frequency range, the structural vibrations are accompanied by a sound. Brake judder primarily affects the comfort but could, when confronting an inexperienced driver for the first time, lead to faulty reactions and reduced driving safety. Furthermore, a specific type of judder, so-called hot judder, is related to disc cracking. There are numerous publications available dealing with high frequency vibrations, such as brake squeal, including mathematical models for analysis and simulation. However, low frequency phenomena, such as brake judder and groan, have received much less attention. There is a growing interest from the automotive industry concerning brake judder. Even though few companies would admit that they have the problem, it is not unusual to meet people who have experienced the problem in their own passenger cars. Much of the knowledge concerning brake judder remains within the companies. Hence, very few people have the full picture. The purpose of the present paper is to give an overview of the brake judder problem.

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Ishak, Mohd Razmi, Abd Rahim Abu Bakar, Subki Shamsudin, Muhammad Husaini Maskak i Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid. "Experimental Investigation of Low Speed Disc Brake Judder Vibration". Applied Mechanics and Materials 471 (grudzień 2013): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.471.25.

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Brake judder is defined as disc or drum deformation-induced vibration which typically occurs at frequency less than 200 Hz. There are two types of brake judder namely, low speed (cold) judder and high speed (hot) judder. These two types of judder are often causing the brake pedal, steering wheel, suspension or chassis to vibrate. Consequently, it will affect comfort level of the driver and passengers. This paper focuses on the experimental investigation of low speed brake judder. In doing so, a laboratory test rig consists of disc brake unit, steering and suspension systems was used to assess level of brake judder vibration at different wheel turning angles. It was found that brake judder generated slightly high vibration at the steering wheel in the axial direction which led to a little uncomfortable feeling to the driver.

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Bengsoon, Matthias Edric, Abd Rahim Abu Bakar i Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid. "Structural Modification of Disc Brake Judder Using Finite Element Analysis". Applied Mechanics and Materials 165 (kwiecień 2012): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.165.68.

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Brake judder is a phenomenon of noise which its vibration can be felt physically by the driver of a vehicle. If this vibration is exposed to the driver for a long period it can lead to tiredness during driving. There are two types of judder which is cold judder and hot judder. This paper will be focusing on the hot judder. As a disc surface heats up during braking it causes both sides of the disc distort and hence produce a sinusoidal waviness around its edges. In this paper finite element analysis of hot judder is performed using a commercial software package, ABAQUS. An existing brake disc design is simulated and will be used as a baseline model. Various structural modifications made on the disc are proposed in an attempt to reduce brake judder in a disc brake assembly.

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Xu, Xinfu, i Hermann Winner. "Transfer behaviours and influences of high-order hot judder in passenger cars". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, nr 3 (7.05.2017): 400–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017702995.

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Hot judder consists of brake-induced forced vibrations which are characterized by hot spots on the brake discs. It mainly influences the driving comfort as perceived by the driver as vibrations and low-frequency noises. This article concentrates on the transfer behaviours of high-order hot judder and its effects on the driver’s subjective perception. A novel testing method is applied in this investigation, simulating the high-order hot judder by using discs that are artificially modified to generate tenth-order disc thickness variations or tenth-order lateral run-out. A high quality is achieved with respect to identification of the transfer functions from the brake pressure variation and the brake torque variation to the essential driver interface quantities of hot judder. The threshold values of the brake pressure variation and the brake torque variation for perception of the high-order hot judder in a high-frequency range are obtained on the basis of a regression analysis between subjective evluaitons and objective evaluations of the hot-judder-induced vibrations and the selected critical sound pressure level inside a vehicle. Generally, a brake pressure variation of more than 10 bar or a brake torque variation of 100 Nm is required for perception of the high-order judder-induced vibrations, whereas a brake torque variation of 50 Nm can result in annoying noises. According to the transfer functions and the threshold values of the brake pressure variation and the brake torque variation, the drone noise is shown to be the main reason for potential customer complaints arising from high-order hot judder. The practical significance of high-order judder to the driver’s perception is suitably quantified for the first time. Also, with these results, the impacts of high-order hot judder can be assessed from the observed brake pressure variation and the observed brake torque variation, which are mainly measured using dynamometers.

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Yuan, Renfei, i Guangqiang Wu. "Mechanism analysis of vehicle start-up judder based on gradient characteristic of Stribeck effect". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, nr 2-3 (5.07.2019): 505–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019859820.

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This paper presents a profound mechanism investigation for vehicle start-up judder phenomenon using a combination of experiment and simulation. First, from the experimental analysis, the characteristic frequency of start-up judder is mainly concentrated at about 9 Hz. A 13-degree-of-freedom powertrain branched model is established to numerically reproduce experimental phenomenon. The validity and accuracy of simulation model in reflecting the characteristics of start-up judder are verified by the experimental results in time–frequency domain. Second, through analyzing clutch friction torque, it can be concluded that the closed-loop positive feedback mechanism caused by the negative gradient characteristic of Stribeck effect is the determining factor for the start-up judder. It promotes aggravated fluctuation in rotational speed of clutch driven plate. The introduction process of negative damping that makes powertrain system divergent is explained in detail. Finally, two theoretical measures are proposed to suppress the vehicle start-up judder. One of the measures is to diminish the absolute value of the negative gradient. It weakens the aggravation effect of the closed-loop positive feedback and hence attenuates the start-up judder. Another measure is to change to positive gradient. It forms a closed-loop negative feedback process that causes the almost disappearance of start-up judder. The effectiveness of the two suppression measures verifies the correctness of the start-up judder mechanism proposed in this paper.

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Ma, Biao, Likun Yang, Heyan Li i Nan Lan. "Hot judder behavior in multidisc clutches". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 231, nr 1 (5.08.2016): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650116648069.

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This paper presents an investigation of the hot judder phenomenon of multidisc clutches, which takes place during the engagement process. Depending on the results of finite element analysis, a pressure distribution function is defined and a contact pressure equation is established to demonstrate the non-uniformity of the contact pressure distribution on the friction interfaces due to frictional heat. The relationship between the coefficient of friction and the temperature is analyzed. A 4 degrees of freedom power-train model is developed to evaluate the clutch judder behavior. The paper indicates that the clutch judder is influenced by the non-uniformity of the interface contact pressure distribution, which is excited by frictionally induced thermal load. The non-uniform contact pressure distributions along the radial direction have a slight influence on the clutch judder, while the uneven contact pressure distributions along the circumference contribute to the judder substantially. Furthermore, the results in this work can be used to study the operation instability and the thermal failure of clutches.

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MORIMURA, Hiroaki, Akio NAGAMATSU i Yousuke OGAWA. "109 Simulation in Clutch Judder". Proceedings of the Symposium on Environmental Engineering 2005.15 (2005): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeenv.2005.15.27.

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Yang, Li-kun, He-yan Li, Mehdi Ahmadian i Biao Ma. "Analysis of the influence of engine torque excitation on clutch judder". Journal of Vibration and Control 23, nr 4 (9.08.2016): 645–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546315582291.

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A simplified three-degree-of-freedom dynamic model with nonlinear friction torque and engine torque excitation, capable of identifying the effect of the engine excitation on clutch judder, is presented. The analysis of harmonic order is performed and a sinusoidal contact pressure between friction surfaces is considered, along with an analytical solution for the relative angular velocity of the clutch plates. The average fluctuation amplitude of the clutch relative angular velocity is used to evaluate the judder. Numerical calculations indicate that the clutch judder increases significantly when the angular velocity of the crankshaft, corresponding to the harmonic orders of the engine, is equal or close to the natural frequency of the driveline. An identical frequency of the engine excitation and the oil pressure fluctuation contributes little to the clutch judder, unless the excitation is at or near the resonance frequency. The amplitudes of oscillations due to the engine excitation grow when the pulsating torque of the engine increases. The mean torque of the engine has little influence on the judder, although it governs the clutch engagement time. The results further show that clutch judder attenuates as the torsional stiffness of the system increases.

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Lee, Kwangjin, i Frank W. Brooks,. "Hot Spotting and Judder Phenomena in Aluminum Drum Brakes". Journal of Tribology 125, nr 1 (31.12.2002): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1506315.

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Hot spotting and judder phenomena were observed in automotive aluminum drum brakes. A vehicle judder test schedule was developed to determine the critical speed for thermoelastic instability (TEI). The brake material properties relevant to the TEI analysis were measured as a function of temperature. The critical speeds for the brake systems with different drum materials were determined by the judder schedule and they are compared with the analytical predictions of Lee (2000). The brake drums and linings were then modified and tested in order to investigate its effects on the hot spotting and judder propensity. The design modifications include brake linings with a different compound, stress-relieved drums, linings with a convex or concave surface finish, three-segmented linings, and linings with a circumferential groove. The linings with a circumferencial groove effectively reduce the size of hot spots and the best judder rating was achieved.

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Cho, Ho Joon, Chong Du Cho, Myoung Gu Kim, Ju Wong Maeng i Sang Kyo Lee. "A Study of Judder Vibration in Automotive Disk Brakes". Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (grudzień 2006): 1301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1301.

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In this experimental paper, the judder vibration of automotive disk brake was analyzed by the finite element method and compared with experimental results. The relationship between specific modes of disk and pad, and hot spot was investigated. Characteristics of the judder vibration were measured by using the chassis-dynamo and hot spots were photographed by highspeed infrared camera. Vibration modes of the brake disk and pad were measured and an specific relationship between mode shapes and hot spots was found. Results show that the judder vibration occurred due to the frequency modulation of the specific mode frequency of disk brake due to the non-linearity phenomenon. This relationship was examined by the frequency analysis of the judder vibration.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Judder"

Roldão, Perestrelo Leandro Tadeu. "Modelagem do trem de potência automotivo para estudo de trepidação (Judder)". [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263756.

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Orientador: Milton Dias Junior
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T19:22:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RoldaoPerestrelo_LeandroTadeu_M.pdf: 15158370 bytes, checksum: 84a10bb14b3381b619db8ff9bb97be9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: O resumo poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The abstract is available with the full electronic document
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

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Eggleston, David. "An investigation into frictional surface interactions and their effect on brake judder". Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2000. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19601/.

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The chemical nature of the Transfer Film (T.F.) or Third-Body Layer (T.B.L.) formed at the friction interface of an automotive friction brake during off-brake motoring has been studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray (E.D.X.) analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy (S.E.M.). Although these third-body layers are deposited on both mating surfaces of the friction couple, special attention has been paid to those formed on the disc brake rotor surface. Concurrently, detailed investigations have been undertaken examining the temperature-dependent, physico-chemical interactions of friction material constituents with each other, atmospheric oxygen and countermember materials using X-Ray Diffraction (X.R.D.).Evidence is presented relating the tribological performance of the friction pair to both the transfer film thermochemistry and the friction material composition. Among those characteristics describing the tribological performance of the friction couple, particular attention has been applied to the generation of Disc Thickness Variations (D.T.V.) induced by Off-Brake or Non-Braking Wear (O.B.W. or N.B.W.). The critical role of solid lubricants and abrasive friction modifiers and their effectiveness over a range of contact pressures / temperatures has received particular attention. Information obtained using various surface analytical techniques combined with detailed dimensional assessments of the affected triboelements has been used to show the considerable significance of abrasive particle size in determining the overall tribological behaviour of the friction pair, especially with respect to the wear regime and extent encountered at the surface of the countermember during O.B.W.Wear mechanisms are described for the generation of off-brake wear, these varying with friction material formulation. Dynamic and temperature-dependent influences on the level of in-service disc brake rotor runout are named as causes for particular forms of disc thickness variation generated by aggressive friction materials. Keywords: Third-body layer; Transfer film; Tribochemistry; Automotive Friction Braking; Cold Judder; Disc Thickness Variation; Disc Brake; Friction Material.

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Drabison, John Stephen II. "Experimental Investigation of Judder in a Floating Disc-Caliper Braking System with Focus on Pad Geometry". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276795212.

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Xu, Xinfu [Verfasser], Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Winner i Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] Melz. "Incidence and transfer behaviors of high-order hot judder in passenger cars / Xinfu Xu ; Hermann Winner, Tobias Melz". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122286392/34.

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Jardim, Francisco Bisotto. "Estudo da relação entre DTV, BTV e BPV na vibração do tipo judder em sistemas de freio a disco". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17883.

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Vibrações de baixa frequência, conhecidas por judder, figuram entre as maiores reclamações de consumidores para problemas originados pelos sistemas de freio automotivos, uma vez que penalizam o conforto do veículo. Em freios a disco, o judder procede de divergências dimensionais que resultem na variação da espessura do disco ao longo de sua circunferência, o chamado DTV (disc thickness variation). Como consequência deste fenômeno são observadas variações no torque de frenagem (BTV ou brake torque variation) e flutuações na pressão do fluído de freio (BPV ou brake pressure variation), ambas induzindo vibrações em frequências proporcionais à rotação das rodas e que são percebidas principalmente no volante, no pedal de freio ou no assoalho do veículo. Durante o desenvolvimento de sistemas de freio, ensaios em bancada e em veículo monitoram o desenvolvimento do DTV ao longo de sucessivas frenagens. A medição do DTV, que não passa de algumas dezenas de micra, exige a utilização de sistemas de precisão que, por sua vez, estão sujeitos a erros inerentes ao procedimento de montagem e desmontagem ou ainda da própria vibração das bancadas de ensaio onde são instalados. Por outro lado, as medições de torque e pressão estão menos sujeitas a estas interferências, podendo servir como parâmetros de avaliação do freio. No presente trabalho, discos em diferentes níveis de DTV foram preparados e montados em um veículo instrumentado para a medição de vibrações. Um procedimento de frenagens em diferentes pressões foi executado com cada disco, de forma a determinar a condição a partir da qual o judder se torna crítico. Em continuação, ensaios em um dinamômetro inercial simularam o mesmo procedimento, de onde se buscou medir o BTV e o BPV nos diferentes níveis de variação de espessura de disco. Como resultado foi observado que a medição do BTVRelativo, bem como a do BPVMáximo, em frenagens com pressão entre 30 e 50 bar, demarcam patamares que permitem determinar se o disco de freio se encontra com um DTV acima do limite admissível para a não-ocorrência de vibrações consideradas desconfortáveis. Desta observação, conclui-se que os procedimentos de ensaio em bancada podem ser incrementados de frenagens em pressão da ordem de 40 bar, em etapas estratégicas do teste, onde a medição do BTVRelativo e/ou do BPVMáximo podem fazer parte dos critérios de aprovação para o freio em avaliação.
Low frequency vibrations, also known as judder, are one of the major customer complains on brake system issues, since they bring a penalty for vehicle comfort. Regarding disc brakes, judder is originated by dimensional faults resulting in the disc thickness variation (DTV) along its circumference. As a consequence of this phenomenon, brake torque variations (BTV) and brake pressure variations (BPV) are observed, both resulting in vibrations that can be felt in the steering wheel, brake pedal and vehicle floor, at frequencies proportional to the wheel speed. When developing a new brake system, vehicle and bench tests are performed in order to monitor the DTV growth along successive snubs. In measuring DTV, which in most cases does not overcome several tens of micron, high precision measuring devices are required which, by the way, are subjected to measurement errors due to assembly/disassembly of sensors or affected by the vibration of the test bench itself. On the other hand, the brake torque and pressure measurements are less influenced by these interferences and might be useful parameters on brake evaluation. As part of this study, discs in different levels of DTV were prepared and assembled in a vehicle instrumented to the measurement of the vibrations. A test procedure with snubs at different pressures was performed over each disc, as a way to access the condition for critical judder. After that, a inertia dynamometer was employed to simulate the same test procedure, were the BTV and DTV were measured against the different levels of DTV. As a result it was observed that the BTVRelative measurement, as well as the BPVMaximum measurement, in snubs with pressure between 30 and 50 bar, present well defined levels which permit to identify if a brake disc DTV is above the acceptable limit for non-generation of vibrations classified as uncomfortable. From this observation, the conclusion is that brake test procedures can incorporate additional snubs with pressure of around 40 bar, in strategically defined stages, where the BTVRelative and/or BPVMaximum measurements may figure as part of the criteria for brake approval.

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Sommer, Obando Hermann [Verfasser], i A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Albers. "Reinforcement Learning Framework for the self-learning Suppression of Clutch Judder in automotive Drive Trains / Hermann Sommer Obando ; Betreuer: A. Albers". Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119242878/34.

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Sommer, Hermann [Verfasser], i A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Albers. "Reinforcement Learning Framework for the self-learning Suppression of Clutch Judder in automotive Drive Trains / Hermann Sommer Obando ; Betreuer: A. Albers". Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119242878/34.

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Tang, Jinghan. "Finite element modelling of ventilated brake disc hot spotting". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/13340.

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Hot spotting of automotive disc brakes is an undesired thermal localisation phenomenon, which is a challenge for numerical modelling in terms of both accuracy and efficiency especially for complex disc geometry. In this research, the aim was to develop a computationally efficient finite element (FE) approach for 2-piece pin-mounted ventilated disc hot spot prediction with acceptable accuracy enabling parametric studies to contribute to the knowledge of the complex mechanisms. A time reduction strategy for the simulations was established by incorporating an axisymmetric brake pad assumption with material scaling factor and the friction characteristics were defined by a user-subroutine. The computing accuracy and efficiency of this method were then verified by comparing with traditional FE models. 2D in-plane, 2D out-of-plane, and 3D models were performed to investigate the effects of ventilated disc hot spotting, radial hot spot/band migration, and hot spotting of realistic complex disc geometry respectively. Both 2D and 3D results were validated using experimental results based on a laboratory dynamometer and showed good correlation. The results suggested that adequate modelling of friction pair contact pressure distribution and the subsequent non-uniform heat generation is essential for hot spot simulation; speed was identified as the determinant for the number of hot spots, whereas hot spot temperature was determined by energy level. Furthermore, recommendations for vent design, pins, disc run-out, cooling, material selection, wear rate, pad length and loading distribution were given. Finally, hot spotting and hot band migration cause-effect chains were established based on the results and discussion.

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Girardin, Michaël. "L’offrande et le tribut : la représentation de la fiscalité en Judée hellénistique et romaine (200 av. J.-C. – 135 apr. J.-C.)". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0302.

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L’impôt joue un rôle important dans les relations de pouvoir en Judée aux époques hellénistiques et romaines, non seulement par son poids économique, mais aussi et surtout par ses aspects idéologiques. Car imposer une population revient à s’en prétendre maître. Or, en Judée, une première lecture des sources laisse croire que beaucoup voyaient d’un mauvais œil le tribut étranger, alors que le temple de Jérusalem prélevait déjà des impôts censés revenir à Dieu, seul véritable maître d’Israël. Un examen plus attentif montre l’aspect polémique de cette déclaration : cette opposition dialectique entre les prélèvements du temple et ceux revenant aux étrangers est une construction idéologique, dont le but est de fournir une légitimation de l’opposition politique. Apparue à l’époque des Maccabées et participant à l’argumentation théologique de leur soulèvement, cette rhétorique se repère, avec quelques variations, dans chaque mouvement contestataire jusqu’à Bar Kokhba. Mais les sources dissimulent quelques indications qui montrent que tous ne partagent pas cette vue, et que dans les faits, l’offrande n’est pas plus joyeusement payée que le tribut. L’objet de cette thèse est de mettre en avant cette construction représentationnelle en la confrontant aux données brutes, et d’en souligner les implications sociales, économiques, financières et politiques, depuis la conquête de la Judée par Antiochos III jusqu’à la disparition de la province de Judée en 135 apr. J. C
Taxes are important matters for understanding relations of power in Hellenistic and Roman Judaea, not only because of its economic burden, but above all because of its ideological sides: to tax a population means to pretend being its master. In Judaea, a first look to the sources let believe that many saw with a bad eye the foreign tribute, while the temple of Jerusalem exacted some revenues supposed to return to God, the sole proper master of Israel. However, a close examination proves the polemical sides of such a declaration: this dialectical opposition between the revenues of the shrine and the ones returning to foreigners is an ideological construction, whose purpose is to furnish a legitimation to the political opposition. Appeared at the time of the Maccabean uprising and used for theologically founding the war, this rhetorical instrument is visible, with some variations, in each protest movement until Bar Kokhba. But the sources hide some indications that let see that not everyone shared this view, and that, in the facts, the “offering” is not more cheerfully paid that the “tribute”. The purpose of the present dissertation is to underline the social, economical, financial and political implications of this representational construction, since the conquest of Judaea by Antiochos III, until the disappearance of the Judaea in 135 C.E

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Ryan, Roger J. "A positive reading of judge-deliverers in the book of Judges : challenging the consensus". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425036.

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Książki na temat "Judder"

Blerk, Adrienne E. Van. Judge and be judged. Cape Town, South Africa: Juta, 1988.

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Chan, N. H. How to judge the judges. Wyd. 2. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: Sweet & Maxwell Asia, 2009.

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Chan, N. H. How to judge the judges. Wyd. 2. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: Sweet & Maxwell Asia, 2009.

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Chan, N. H. How to judge the judges. Wyd. 2. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: Sweet & Maxwell Asia, 2009.

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Chan, N. H. How to judge the judges. Wyd. 2. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: Sweet & Maxwell Asia, 2009.

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Hasan, Kazi Zakir. Juddher galpa. Dhaka: Muktadhara, 1991.

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Wenzel, Edith. Do worden die Judden alle geschant: Rolle und Funktion der Juden in spätmittelalterlichen Spielen. München: W. Fink, 1992.

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Hetzer, Armin. Sephardisch: Judeo-español, Djudezmo ; Einführung in die Umgangssprache der südosteuropäischen Juden. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2001.

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Begum, Sahida. Juddhe juddhe nay mas. Dhaka: Naoroj, 1986.

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Bain-Selbo, Eric. Judge and be judged: Moral reflection in an age of relativism and fundamentalism. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2006.

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Części książek na temat "Judder"

Shen, Xiumin, Yong Wang, Bin Li i Lei Cai. "Judder Test and Analysis for Electric Vehicle". W Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 619–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33832-8_49.

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Cho, Ho Joon, Chong Du Cho, Myoung Gu Kim, Ju Wong Maeng i Sang Kyo Lee. "A Study of Judder Vibration in Automotive Disk Brakes". W Experimental Mechanics in Nano and Biotechnology, 1301–4. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-415-4.1301.

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Buchstaller, Isabelle, i Karen P. Corrigan. "“Judge not lest ye be judged”". W Language Variation - European Perspectives III, 149–60. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.7.12buc.

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van Dijk, Frans. "Perceptions of Lay Judges About Independence of the Judiciary". W Perceptions of the Independence of Judges in Europe, 53–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63143-7_4.

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AbstractLay judges are citizens with particular knowledge of and experience with the judiciary. The findings of a survey among the lay judges of ten judiciaries are examined in this chapter. It is found that the perceptions of lay judges of judicial independence, their own as well as that of the professional judges, are very similar to the perceptions of the professional judges. In addition, lay judges are most positive about their independence, when they participate in judicial panels together with professional judges and when they are taken seriously by the professional judges. For them, these conditions surpass sitting alone as a judge. Although selection effects may play a role, the results indicate that experience as a lay judge leads to a much higher appreciation of judicial independence than that of (highly educated) citizens in general. This in turn indicates that the views of the general public are too negative about judicial independence.

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Tarr, G. Alan. "Judges". W Judicial Process and Judicial Policymaking, 50–92. Seventh edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429427961-3.

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Gunn, David M. "Introduction". W Judges, 1–15. Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118710746.ch0.

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Gunn, David M. "Judges 1-3: Beginnings". W Judges, 17–33. Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118710746.ch1.

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Gunn, David M. "Judges 3: Ehud". W Judges, 34–52. Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118710746.ch2.

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Gunn, David M. "Judges 4-5: Deborah". W Judges, 53–92. Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118710746.ch3.

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Gunn, David M. "Judges 6-8: Gideon". W Judges, 93–120. Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118710746.ch4.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Judder"

de Vries, Alexander, i Mark Wagner. "The Brake Judder Phenomenon". W International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/920554.

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Abdelhamid, Mohamed Khalid. "Brake Judder Analysis: Case Studies". W SAE Noise and Vibration Conference and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/972027.

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Sawanobori, Takeshi, i Takeshi Suehiro. "An Analysis of Clutch Judder". W SAE Noise and Vibration Conference and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/951318.

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Bellers, Erwin B. "Solving occlusion in film judder elimination". W Visual Communications and Image Processing 2006. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.643336.

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Fieldhouse, John D., i Carl Beveridge. "An Experimental Investigation of Hot Judder". W 19th Annual Brake Colloquium And Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-3135.

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Abdelhamid, Mohamed Khalid. "Brake Judder Analysis Using Transfer Functions". W Annual Brake Colloquium And Engineering Display. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/973018.

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Little, Edward, Tseng-Kuan Kao, Philip Ferdani i Timothy Hodges. "A Dynamometer Investigation of Thermal Judder". W Annual Brake Colloquium And Engineering Display. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/982252.

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Jacobsson, Helena. "Wheel Suspension Related Disc Brake Judder". W ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/vib-4165.

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Abstract Brake judder can be explained as a dynamical amplification of brake torque variation (BTV) when passing through a critical speed of a vehicle. The BTV arises owing to different geometrical defects e.g. disc thickness variation (DTV), disc runout and dynamical effects. DTV is usually the most important source of these fluctuations. Measurements have been made on a passenger car with heavy DTV on one of its front brakes. The eigen frequency of the wheel suspension was found to be 14 Hz, corresponding to a first order critical speed of 95 km/h. These measurements qualitatively verify the brake model with a maximum caliper vibration amplitude close to 100 km/h followed by a slowly decreasing amplitude.

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Suganuma, Yasushi, Frank Howse i Calvin Thornton. "Dynamometer Simulation Study for Market Brake Judder". W Automotive and Transportation Technology Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-3191.

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Okamura, Toshikazu, Kiyoshi Hasegawa i Junji Herai. "High-Precision Brake Discs to Reduce Judder". W 23rd Annual Brake Colloquium and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3924.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Judder"

Kimura, Tetsuya. A Study of Dry Centrifugal Clutch Judder. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, październik 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0057.

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Eren, Ozkan, i Naci Mocan. Emotional Judges and Unlucky Juveniles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, wrzesień 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22611.

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Depew, Briggs, Ozkan Eren i Naci Mocan. Judges, Juveniles and In-group Bias. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, luty 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22003.

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Frandsen, Brigham, Lars Lefgren i Emily Leslie. Judging Judge Fixed Effects. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, luty 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25528.

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Sullivan, Gordon R. Legal Services: Judge Advocate Legal Services. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403136.

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Eren, Ozkan, i Naci Mocan. Judge Peer Effects in the Courthouse. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, sierpień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27713.

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JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL (NAVY) WASHINGTON DC. Manual Of The Judge Advocate General (Jagman). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzec 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423337.

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Ash, Elliott, i W. Bentley MacLeod. Mandatory Retirement for Judges Improved Performance on U.S. State Supreme Courts. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, październik 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28025.

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Saalmann, K., F. Tessensohn, W. von Gosen i K. Piepjohn. Structural evolution of Tertiary rocks on Judge Daly Promontory. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/226149.

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