Rozprawy doktorskie: „Journalists”

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Park, Jaeyung. "Online journalism : how journalists and their audience perceive the journalist role, newsworthiness and public dialogue /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3052205.

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Woodruff, Daniel Mark. "Jumping from Journalism -- Why Broadcast Journalists Leave the Field". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8439.

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Journalism plays an important role in our society. But what happens when a journalist decides to pursue a new profession? The loss of a journalist from a newsroom can have a significant impact, particularly when that journalist takes with them institutional knowledge and a history of the market. This study uses qualitative interviews with 12 former broadcast journalists to investigate what factors cause them to leave the field and what the implications are for the industry. Relying on burnout theory as a framework, this study reveals three key reasons broadcast journalists decided to walk away. First, they faced increasing demands including long or unconventional work hours, a tenuous work-life balance, difficult stories to cover, and doing more with fewer resources. Second, they endured difficult issues with management including unfulfilled promises, the increasing commercialization of news, unrealistic and unethical expectations, the consolidation of the industry, and a lack of appreciation. Third, they felt they were not adequately compensated. This study recommends more support and professional development for broadcast journalists, more cross-training opportunities, and improved financial compensation.

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Zeng, Rong. "Global Journalism: Commonalities and Differences Between British and Chinese Journalists". Thesis, University of Westminster, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500558.

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Russell, Nicholas. "Ethics in journalism : a case-study of Canadian newspapers and journalists". Thesis, Cardiff University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247812.

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This dissertation examines ethics In contemporary Canadian journalism. The research is designed to Identify the nature of ethical dilemmas in Canadian journalism, to ascertain how decisions are commonly arrived at, and to suggest ways of refining that decisionmaking process. The opening five chapters (Part 1) comprise a survey of literature on the subject and an overview of Canadian news media, followed by a summary of value systems applied in Canadian journalism, including the nature of news and the role of the media. The 12 central chapters (Parts 2& 3) outline the range of ethical problems encountered and ways they may be resolved. The final three chapters (a) examine media accessibility and accountability, suggesting ways these can be Improved; (b) evaluate codes of ethics; and (c) summarize the ethical implications of debates on journalism as a profession and freedom of the press.

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Daniels, Stephanie. "Young Journalists Today: Journalism Students’ Perceptions of the Ever-evolving Industry". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115063/.

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Today’s journalism students are learning in a time in which new technology innovations, including online news sites, blogs, and social media, have become a prominent part of the journalism industry. Whether it’s newspapers, public relations, or broadcast, technology has become a part of every area of journalism. While several studies have focused on how journalism classes should be taught in lieu of this change, how students are learning and how they feel about this changing industry has yet to be shared. This research uses both a survey of 203 current, undergraduate pre-journalism students at a large, Southwestern university, as well as focus group interviews with several subgroups of 11 of those students. The results show, not surprisingly, that journalism students are heavy users of technology and social media. They also show that a majority of journalism students prefers consuming media online. However, although students use technology and social media frequently, and also consume media online, there is evidence that suggests that they would rather learn face-to-face with an instructor than take online classes. In addition, they feel positive about their future in the changing industry.

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Fan, Lu. "Existential Journalism: Ethical Theory for Citizen Journalists on Weibo in China". OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1736.

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As one of the most popular social media platforms in China, Sina Weibo has created an environment for the Chinese people to share opinions and post information on events they have witnessed. Thus, Weibo users can be citizen journalists, though most of them have played the role unconsciously. Although Weibo has existed for about six years, citizen journalism is still new to most Chinese people. Some scholars have studied Weibo from the perspective of public opinion or better governance rather than from its ethical demands and influence. This paper discusses the ethical problems of citizen journalism that arose in three case studies where Weibo posts were immediate sources of news and information on disasters and were considered important by mainstream media and the public, but where the posts also provided false information. In addition, a survey found that most Chinese respondents had posted news or information on Weibo, but very few consider themselves citizen journalists. Surprisingly, non-journalists are no more likely to trust citizen journalism than are journalists. Non-journalists are getting more news from citizen journalism on Weibo about national disasters, but they put more trust and credibility in mainstream media. Respondents thought witnessing events and quickly reporting on them were the biggest advantages of citizen journalists, while the biggest problems were bias, emotional reports, rumor and invasion of privacy. About two-thirds of respondents think self-restraint is the best way to handle ethical problems resulting from citizen journalists, but about half favor more legislation. In a striking difference from Western expectations, a relatively small percentage of Chinese respondents think independence from the government is an important journalistic value. Finally, the paper concludes that the public sphere concept is relevant in China in the wake economic reforms and the advent of social media. And it argues that the theory of existential journalism may offer an ethical guide for China’s citizen journalists by emphasizing both freedom and personal responsibility. Finally it suggests that mainstream media, journalists and media scholars play the main role of promoting journalistic ethical values on Weibo.

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Eriksson, Ellinor. "Condemned to be connected : Moroccan journalists' attitudes towards citizen journalists". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-120218.

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This bachelor's thesis is based on a Minor Field Study (MFS) conducted in Rabat and Casablanca, Morocco, April and May 2015. The aim is to study Moroccan journalists' attitudes towards citizen journalism and its impact on the role of the journalist: 1) With what claims do they define citizen journalists and journalists respectively? and 2) In what ways do these claims relate to the impact citizen journalists can be expected to have on the role of the journalist and freedom of expression in Morocco? In the discussion, theories on discourse, professionalism, journalistic ideals, and development journalism are applied. Semi-structured interviews in French were conducted with five journalists working within five different print and online publications. The material was analyzed according to a model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The interviewed journalists give accounts of how they are "condemned to be connected" to the vox populi that citizen journalists constitute. There is a prevalence of professionalism discourse where verification and objectivity are described as what characterizes a journalist. But respondents also emphasize "teamwork", and that "all journalists are citizen journalists", and these themes are interpreted as characteristic of development journalism. Within professional discourse in a development journalism context, the reliability of citizen journalists is downplayed. At the same time, citizen journalists are described as freer than professional journalists. In conclusion, it is considered likely that development journalist discourse sets an obstacle to the liberalizing impact of citizen journalism.

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Sattler, Sebastian, i Benjamin Bigl. "In Zukunft werden Journalisten Alleskönner sein". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-179833.

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Die Leipziger Journalistik führte im Projekt „Zukunft des Journalismus“ (ZdJ) am Lehrstuhl Journalistik des Instituts für Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft der Universität Leipzig unter der Leitung von Prof. Dr. Michael Haller 2005 die bislang umfangreichste Online-Befragung unter Deutschlands Journalisten durch. Sie liefert erste Befunde über die Zukunft einer bedrohten Profession.

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Kihlström, Linnéa, i Sandra Forsvik. "Journalisters erfarenhet av hot i sin yrkesverksamhet : En kvalitativ intervjustudie med sex journalister i lokalpress". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24087.

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Att svenska medier hotas blir allt vanligare. Denna undersökning syftar till att diskutera omfattningen av hot mot journalister och beskriva hotens karaktär genom att lyssna till journalisternas egna erfarenheter. Undersökningen är kvalitativ och bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex verksamma journalister, varav tre har redaktionellt ansvar. Vi har besökt ett antal redaktioner som har erfarenhet av hot och vänt oss till vissa nyckelpersoner. Utifrån syftet har vi formulerat följande frågeställningar: Vilka uttryck tar sig hoten mot lokaltidningsredaktioner och enskilda medarbetare? Finns det en handlingsplan på redaktionerna när medarbetare hotas? Hur ser den i så fall ut? Vad anser de enskilda journalisterna att hot får för konsekvenser för det journalistiska arbetssättet och – i förlängningen – även demokratin? Vår forskningsfråga blir således: om, och i så fall varför, journalister på lokaltidningar uppfattar att olika typ av direkta hot mot dem ökat och vilka konsekvenser journalisterna anser att detta kan ha för deras yrkesutövning. Resultatet av studien visar att alla respondenter har fått hot och trakasserier riktade mot sig och/eller redaktionen. Samtliga upplever att hoten mot journalister har ökat de senaste åren och att hoten i dag tar sig andra uttryck. Till exempel har det blivit vanligare att representanter från den organiserade brottsligheten försöker påverka vad som publiceras och inte. På alla redaktioner vi besökt finns handlingsplaner och riktlinjer för hur man ska gå till väga när en journalist eller redaktion utsätts för hot. Samtliga lokaltidningsredaktioner har också varit tvungna att ta till säkerhetsåtgärder som en direkt konsekvens av att de upplever en ökad hotbild. Majoriteten av respondenterna berättar om hur man i ett tidigt skede har ändrat i artiklar på grund av rädsla för att utsättas för hot.

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10

Andersson, Nathalie, i Josefin Wallin. "Publiceringshastighet : En kvalitativ studie av hastighetens inverkan på den lokala nätjournalistiken". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för ekonomi, kommunikation och IT, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7083.

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Det går allt fortare. Nätjournalister befinner sig mitt i nyhetsflödet. De är bland de första individerna som får ta del av de nyheter som inkommer till en webbredaktion. Från att en nyhet inkommer till en webbredaktion till dess att den publiceras på nätet är en process som idag inte behöver ta mer än tio minuter. Under dessa tio minuter hinner en nätjournalist både att granska källan, kontakta eventuella vittnen, skriva nyheten och sedan publicera den. Det är mycket arbete som ska inrymmas på kort tid. Tidsgapet mellan när en nyhet inkommer till en redaktion och då den publiceras är därmed nästan obefintligt. Det har uppstått en ökad hastighet inom nätjournalistiken som alltmer påverkar journalisterna, deras arbetsmetoder samt det innehåll som publiceras i tidningarnas nätupplagor. Denna uppsats hade för avsikt att undersöka hastighetens inverkan på den lokala nätjournalistiken samt vilka konsekvenser denna får för lokaljournalister och de nyheter som förmedlas från en webbredaktion till allmänheten. För att uppnå detta syfte utformades två frågeställningar som avsåg att undersöka hastighetens inverkan på de journalistiska idealen samt hur detta fenomen påverkar nätjournalisters insamling,bearbetning och distribution av information. I Sverige finns det lite forskning kring hastighetens inverkan på den lokala nätjournalistiken. Mycket av den befintliga forskningen inom området nätjournalistik och hastighet fokuserar istället på stora, utländska och rikstäckande medieföretag som riktar sig till en stor målgrupp till skillnad från lokaltidningar som når en mindre grupp människor som är bosatta inom ett specifikt geografiskt område. Det förekommer därmed en outforskad lucka i den vetenskapliga forskningen. Ambitionen med denna uppsats var därmed att försöka tillföra ny information till området nätjournalistik. För att uppnå syftet baserades uppsatsen på två kvalitativa delstudier, nämligen samtalsintervjuer för att få en fördjupad insikt i de lokala nätjournalisternas uppfattningar och värderingar kring hastighet samt en deltagande observation för att se om deras ord även präglar deras handlingar. Studierna ägde rum på webbredaktionen hos NWT (Nya- Wermlandstidningen) som är den största lokaltidningen i Värmland. Resultaten från de kvalitativa delstudierna visade att hastigheten inte har en negativ inverkan på lokaljournalisternas insamling och bearbetning av information. Orsaken till detta är att de journalistiska idealen är starka hos de anställda samtidigt som de har fasta rutiner som tillåter dem att utföra ett bra arbete. Ytterligare en viktig faktor till varför hastigheten inte har samma genomslag i dessa två mediesteg kan till stor del bero på den lokala kontext som studierna har utförts i. Avsaknaden av deadlines har medfört att ingen större tidsbrist kan urskiljas inom den lokala nätjournalistiken. Detta medför att de anställda i allt större utsträckning själva kan bestämma hastigheten. Angående distribution av information så har hastigheten fått en negativnverkan inom lokaljournalistiken. Den har fått ett större genomslag i detta mediesteg till skillnadfrån de övriga två stegen insamlig och bearbetning Den främsta orsaken till varför hastighet eftersträvas av journalister i detta mediesteg är viljan att vara först med en nyhet. En viktig slutsats som erhållits angående detta mediesteg är att journalister på lokal nivå eftersträvar snabb publiceringshastighet i form av kontinuerlig uppdatering, inte nödvändigtvis för läsarnas skullutan på grund av deras vilja att slå sina rivaler.
The spread of news is accelerating. Today, the time for publishing a piece of news until it reaches the reader is minimal. The online journalists are in the middle of the news flow. They are amongst the first persons who receive the incoming news to the editorial staff. It does not take longer than 10 minutes from receiving the incoming news to the editorial staff before it has been published on the web. During these 10 minutes online journalists manage both to check the source, contact possible witnesses, write the news and finally publish it. There is a lot of work that has to be compiled in a short time. The time gap between the incoming of news to the editorial staff until it is published is almost minimal. An increased speed of the publishing of news has arisen within online journalism and this has an influence on the journalists, their working methods and the contents which is published in the web-edition of the papers. This paper had the intention to investigate what influence the speed has on the local online journalism and also what consequence this speed has on the local journalists and the news which is transmitted from the editorial staff to the readers. In order to obtain this intention two questions were formulated. The purpose with these two questions was to investigate the impact of the speed on the journalistic ideals and what influence this phenomenon has on the online journalists´ collection, processing and distribution of information. In Sweden there are few studies available regarding the influence of the speed on local online journalism. Most of the existing research within the area online journalism and speed focus instead on large, foreign and nationwide media companies. These companies concentrate on a large target group in contrast to the local newspapers which reach a smaller group of readers living in a specific geographical area. There exists therefore a small unexplored area in the scientific research. The aim with this paper was to contribute new information to the area online journalism. In order to be able to achieve this intention, the paper was based on two qualitative partial studies namely conversation interviews, in order to achieve a deeper knowledge of the local online journalists´ opinions and valuations regarding the speed and a participant observation to elucidate if they translate words into deeds. The observations took place at the editorial staff of NWT (Nya Wermlands-Tidningen), which is the largest local paper in Värmland. The results from the qualitative partial studies showed that the speed does not have a negative influence on the online journalists´ collection and processing of information. The reason for this is that the journalistic ideals are strong amongst the employees and they have also regular routines, which allow them to perform a good work. One further important factor why the speed does not have the same penetrating power in these two partial studies can to a large extent be due to the local context where the studies have been performed. The absence of deadlines has resulted in the fact that no major lack of time can be perceived in local journalism. The employees can to a great extent decide the speed. The speed has a negative impact within online journalism when it comes to distribution of information. The speed has here a larger penetrating power compared with the two other partial studies collection and processing of information. The main reason for why journalists strive after speed regarding distribution of information is the desire to be first with a piece of news. An important conclusion which was obtained in this study was that journalists on a local level strive after a quick publishing speed in form of a continuous updating, not necessarily for the reader s´ sake but because of the will to beat their competitors.

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Lambros, Valerie. "The impact of new media on the practice of journalism". Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3144.

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Thesis (M.A.)--George Mason University, 2008.
Vita: p. 59. Thesis director: Susan Lawrence. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in English. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 8, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-58). Also issued in print.

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12

Jampy, Marc. "Expériences de presse, Lyon 1870-1914". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30016/document.

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Cette thèse est héritière de l’histoire de la presse qui s’est d’abord intéressée aux journaux puis aux journalistes. Cette étude, des journaux et en parallèle des journalistes, vise à combler un vide sur le journalisme de la presse périodique. Elle s’intéresse à la période 1870-1914, et analyse de façon critique ce qui est considéré comme l’âge d’or de la presse. Ce travail s’appuie sur des archives inédites, notamment les rapports de police qui ont été rédigés régulièrement sur les journaux et journalistes de Lyon à cette époque. En effet, si les contraintes politiques sur la presse diminuent, notamment avec la loi sur la liberté de la presse de 1881, la surveillance continue à Lyon. La liberté de la presse, avec les progrès techniques, l’alphabétisation, l’urbanisation, la publicité expliquent la hausse du nombre de journaux, de leur tirage et du nombre de personnes qui se rattachent à ces journaux. 1 725 titres parus durant cette période ainsi que 1130 individus ont été recensés. Ces journaux sont des plus divers par leur périodicité, leur tirage et leur sujet, des quotidiens, aux journaux militants, religieux, de loisirs, professionnels. Mais ils répondent tous à un nouveau besoin d’informer et d’être informé, de médiatisation. Ils ont aussi en commun d’être lancés par des jeunes hommes issus de la classe moyenne. Cette expérience permet à certains de devenir journalistes de quotidien et de connaître une ascension sociale à travers les duels, les décorations et l’appartenance à une association de journalistes. Pour la quasi-totalité d’entre eux cela reste cependant une expérience éphémère qui dure quelques semaines
This doctoral thesis is in line with the history of the press which originally focused on newspapers and later on journalists. The research aims at filling a gap of information on the journalism of periodicals by studying newspapers and journalists simultaneously. It focuses on the years 1870-1914 and provides a critical analysis on the era which is often considered as the Golden Age of the press. The author’s work relies on archives that had not been exploited before, in particular on police reports dealing with journalists and newspapers, which were then made on a regular basis. Indeed, although political pressure on the press diminished after the 1881 freedom of the press act was passed, police surveillance remained active in Lyon. Freedom of the press, as well as technical progress, a higher literacy rate, urbanization and the rise of advertising account for an increase in the number of newspapers, their circulation and contributors. 1725 newspapers and 1130 journalists have been listed. Those newspapers varied in periodicity, circulation and topics, ranging from the daily to the activist, the religious or professional. However, they all fulfilled a new need to inform and be informed, of media coverage and they were all launched by young men from the middle class. The experience of journalism allowed some of those young men to become journalists in daily newspapers, to climb the social ladder by fighting duels, getting decorations or joining association of journalists. And yet, for most of them, journalism remained a short-lived adventure of a few weeks only

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Demchenko, Olena. "Journalism education in Ukraine according to journalists perceptions (2015-2018): a bridge too far?" Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671080.

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Actualment (2018), el periodisme a Ucraïna s’imparteix en cinquanta-vuit institucions d’educació superior (IsHE) i hi ha dues maneres de rebre l’educació periodística a Ucraïna fins ara: una formal i una no formal. Per una formació formal de periodisme, es pot entendre programes de batxillerat i / o màster en periodisme a les universitats, que són força absolutament regulades per l’estat d’Ucraïna o tenen certa autonomia. Amb una formació de periodisme no formal, ha entès diversos programes educatius periodístics generalment realitzats en un entorn no institucionalitzat i recolzats principalment per ONG estrangeres o mitjans de comunicació nacionals. L’educació formal del periodisme a Ucraïna és criticada per haver estat afectada pel vell model d’ensenyament basat en la teoria soviètica, en lloc de seguir les bones pràctiques acceptades internacionalment. El sistema d’ensenyament als estudiants als departaments de periodisme no ha canviat significativament des de la independència ucraïnesa el 1991 i molts periodistes ucraïnesos han entrat a la professió amb una formació en gran mesura insuficient. Com que l’educació del periodisme ucraïnès encara no està buscant maneres de trobar una visió nacional sobre com ensenyar a professionals dels mitjans de comunicació d’èxit (Sirinyok-Dolgaryova, 2016) i els empresaris dels mitjans de comunicació d’Ucraïna no estan satisfets amb el nivell i la qualitat de les habilitats rebudes pels graduats ucraïnesos dels departaments de periodisme. (Demchenko, 2018), es va haver de fer més investigacions per contribuir a la seva ‘millora. Per això, aquest estudi va voler respondre a les següents preguntes de recerca: RQ1: Quins són els principals trets d’una formació formal del periodisme a Ucraïna segons els periodistes ucraïnesos? RQ 2: Quines són les principals característiques d’una educació periodística no formal a Ucraïna segons els periodistes ucraïnesos? PQ 3: Quin tipus d’educació periodística a Ucraïna (formal o no formal) és més ben considerat pels periodistes ucraïnesos, i per què? En aquesta investigació, els periodistes eren el nostre grup objectiu per rebre informació i amb l’ajuda de les seves respostes per avaluar l’educació del periodisme ucraïnès. Segons els nostres motius, els periodistes són aquells jugadors del procés educatiu que poden descriure sincerament els resultats i les competències que reben després de graduar-se en departaments de periodisme o després de cursos educatius no formals i parlen dels seus avantatges i desavantatges. Les competències i coneixements que tenen els periodistes quan entren en un camp professional i el que els falta representaran els principals trets de l’educació periodística ucraïnesa. Les troballes es van basar en una anàlisi de 10 grups focals realitzats amb un total de 92 periodistes ucraïnesos (amb o sense titulacions de periodisme). Els resultats es van descriure d’acord amb l’anàlisi qualitativa. Aquesta tesi està dividida en set capítols.
Actualmente (2018), el periodismo en Ucrania se enseña en cincuenta y ocho instituciones de educación superior (IsHE) y hasta ahora hay dos formas de recibir educación periodística en Ucrania: una formal y una no formal. Por una educación formal en periodismo se entiende una licenciatura y / o programas de maestría en periodismo en las universidades, que están absolutamente regulados por el estado ucraniano o tienen cierta autonomía. Por educación periodística no formal, se entiende que se entienden varios programas educativos de periodismo que generalmente se llevan a cabo en un entorno no institucionalizado y apoyados principalmente por ONG extranjeras o medios de comunicación nacionales. La educación formal en periodismo en Ucrania es criticada por verse afectada por el antiguo modelo de enseñanza basado en la teoría soviética, en lugar de adherirse a las mejores prácticas aceptadas internacionalmente. El sistema de enseñanza de los estudiantes en los departamentos de periodismo no ha cambiado significativamente desde la independencia de Ucrania en 1991 y muchos periodistas ucranianos han ingresado a la profesión con una formación en gran medida inadecuada. Como la educación en periodismo ucraniana aún no está buscando formas de encontrar una visión nacional sobre cómo enseñar a los profesionales de los medios de comunicación exitosos (Sirinyok-Dolgaryova, 2016) y los empleadores de los medios de comunicación ucranianos no están satisfechos con el nivel y la calidad de las habilidades recibidas por los graduados ucranianos de los departamentos de periodismo. (Demchenko, 2018), era necesario realizar más investigaciones para contribuir a su ‘mejora’. Es por eso que este estudio buscó responder las siguientes preguntas de investigación: PI1: ¿Cuáles son las características principales de una educación formal en periodismo en Ucrania según los periodistas ucranianos? PI 2: ¿Cuáles son las principales características de una educación periodística no formal en Ucrania según los periodistas ucranianos? PI 3: ¿Qué tipo de educación periodística en Ucrania, formal o no formal, es mejor considerada por los periodistas ucranianos y por qué? En esta investigación, los periodistas fueron nuestro grupo objetivo para recibir información y, con la ayuda de sus respuestas, evaluar la educación periodística de Ucrania. En nuestra opinión, los periodistas son aquellos actores del proceso educativo que pueden describir con franqueza los resultados y las competencias que reciben después de graduarse de los departamentos de periodismo y / y después de los cursos educativos no formales y hablar sobre sus ventajas y desventajas. Las habilidades y los conocimientos que tienen los periodistas al ingresar a un campo profesional y lo que les falta representarán las principales características de la educación periodística de Ucrania. Los hallazgos se basaron en un análisis de 10 grupos focales realizados con un total de 92 periodistas ucranianos (con y sin título de periodismo). Los resultados se describieron de acuerdo con un análisis cualitativo. Esta tesis se divide en siete capítulos.
Currently (2018), journalism in Ukraine is taught in fifty-eight institutions of higher education (IsHE) and there are two ways to receive journalism education in Ukraine so far: a formal and a non-formal. By a formal journalism education bachelor and/or master programs in journalism in the universities, which are rather absolutely regulated by Ukrainian state or have some autonomy are understood. By a non-formal journalism education, it’ s understood various journalism educational programs usually conducted in a non-institutionalized environment and supported mostly by foreign NGOs or national mass media are meant. Formal journalism education in Ukraine is criticized for being affected by the old Soviet theory-based teaching model, rather than adhering to internationally accepted best practices. The system of teaching students at journalism departments has not changed significantly since Ukrainian independence in 1991 and many Ukrainian journalists have entered the profession with largely inadequate training. As Ukrainian journalism education yet to be looking for ways to find a national vision on how to teach successful media professionals (Sirinyok-Dolgaryova, 2016) and Ukrainian media employers are not satisfied with the level and quality of skills received by Ukrainian graduates of journalism departments (Demchenko, 2018), there was a need for further research to contribute to its’ improvement. That is why this study seeked to answer the following research questions: RQ1: What are the main features of a formal journalism education in Ukraine according to Ukrainian journalists? RQ 2: What are the main features of a non- formal journalism education in Ukraine according to Ukrainian journalists? RQ 3: What type of journalism education in Ukraine – a formal or a non-formal – is better regarded by Ukrainian journalists, and why? In this research journalists were our target group in order to receive information and with the help of their answers to evaluate Ukrainian journalism education. To our mind, journalists are those players of educational process who can frankly describe outcomes and competencies which they receive after graduation from journalism departments or/and after non-formal educational courses and speak about their advantages and disadvantages. What skills and knowledge journalists have when entering a professional field and what they lack will represent the main features of Ukrainian journalism education. The findings were based on an analysis of 10 focus groups conducted with a total of 92 Ukrainian journalists (both with and without journalism degrees). The results were described in accordance with qualitative analysis. This thesis consists of seven chapters.

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Bayar, Ekren Duygu. "The Practice Of Journalism In Turkey As To The Views Of Turkish Parliament Journalists". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608082/index.pdf.

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Journalists&rsquo
commitment to an objective, impartial, balanced way of reporting and their respect for ethical norms are considered a vital prerequisite for democracy to be carried out. The general purpose of this thesis is to reveal whether established journalistic practices in Turkey are shaped through commonly acknowledged professional principles in a way that is compatible with democratic expectancies. In order to achieve this goal, a group of journalists were interviewed in the summer of 2003 who worked as parliament journalists at some time in their careers. They were asked several questions mainly concerning the factors that might have influence on the processes of news making with a special emphasis on the negative consequences of the complex structure of media-politics relationships. The analysis of the interviews reveals Turkish journalists&rsquo
views that journalism in Turkey is faced with serious problems and even may be characterized by a high degree of &ldquo
degeneration&rdquo
.

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Fahlström, Erica. "Professional boundaries in climate journalism : Journalists and NGOs during Swedish media coverage of COP25". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Journalistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41203.

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Climate change was the most covered issue in the media in Sweden during 2019 and the use of terms such as “climate emergency” and “climate crisis” increased significantly (Vi-skogen, 2020). These developments and the climate issue pose questions of future practices and purpose of journalism and therefore also its professional boundaries, not the least towards other social actors and institutions. This study focuses on journalists professional boundaries with their sources, specifically non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Environmental NGOs play an important role in climate- and international politics, such as for instance in the setting of United Nations’ climate summits (COPs), and are themselves engaged in producing public information (Powers, 2015b; Wozniak et al. 2017). The study therefore explores journalists’ conceptions of NGOs for climate journalism and these organizations’ roles in the climate reporting during COP25 in Madrid. It uses a theory of boundary work in journalism and applies a methodology of online interviews with journalists from Swedish national news organizations and with two representatives from environmental NGOs based in Sweden. The findings demonstrate four overlapping roles of NGOs in climate journalism based on the practices and views of the participating journalists: dependency; established source; partnering watchdog; and agenda-driven player. It further concludes that the climate issue and COP25 offer a context for blurred boundaries between the two actors, however, it is limited as journalists maintain control over NGOs’ participation in the news making process.

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Hu, Qingmiao. "Are U.S. business journalists happy? : a survey of business journalists' job satisfaction and related demographic and career factors /". abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/dissertations/fullcit/1430444.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2005.
"May 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-109). Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2005]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.

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Woelfel, Stacey W. "Suspicious signs effects of newscaster scripts, symbols and actions on audience perception of news organization bias /". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4365.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (March 1, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Akinfemisoye, Motilola Olufenwa. "Negotiating inclusion : new 'alternative' media and the institutional journalistic practices of print journalists in Nigeria". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2015. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/16627/.

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This study uses an ethnographic approach (in-depth interviews and newsrooms observations) combined with Critical Discourse Analysis to closely interrogate how journalists in four Nigerian print newsrooms; The Punch, Vanguard, Nigerian Tribune and Guardian, appropriate ‘alternative media’ content and new media technologies in their newsmaking practices. The choice of these four newsrooms enables a detailed reading of how the process of appropriating new media technologies and alternative media content takes place in Nigerian print newsrooms. The study explores how and whether (or not) these appropriations are impacting on institutional practices of Nigerian print journalists. It also sheds light on the spaces which new media technologies negotiate in these newsrooms and how these journalists negotiate the appropriation of alternative media content. Beyond the everyday newsmaking practices, the study uses the reporting of two key events; the Nigerian elections of 2011 and the Occupy Nigeria protests of 2012 to show how journalists in Nigerian print newsrooms negotiate their appropriation of alternative media content and new media technologies in reporting key events. Together, these examples highlight the creative appropriation of new media technologies in Nigerian print newsrooms and the need to avoid technological determinist perspectives which totalise experiences elsewhere as being universal. The study therefore reinvigorates the continued relevance of newsroom ethnography and argues that a sociological approach, which importantly considers local context imperatives, remains useful in understanding how Nigerian print journalists appropriate new media technologies and the resulting alternative journalisms. The findings of the study provide useful insights into the journalistic cultures in Nigerian print newsrooms and highlights how these journalists negotiate their appropriation of alternative media content. While the (disruptive) impact of new media technologies on newsmaking practices in these newsrooms cannot be ignored, the study finds that a number of local context factors constrain and shape how appropriations take place in these newsrooms. Thus, Nigerian print journalists appropriate alternative media and new media technologies to suit traditional journalistic practices. The study’s contribution to knowledge therefore lies in acknowledging that, beyond binary assumptions about the impact of new media technologies on journalism practices in Africa, particularly Nigeria, there is the need to consider the creative and complex ways in which journalists in these contexts appropriate these technologies. This study should thus be read as a step towards that end.

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Ekblom, Carl. "Håll käften! Näthotet mot demokratin – en kvalitativ intervjustudie om näthatets konsekvenser för journalistiken". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-73451.

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The purpose of this essay is to study the consequences of the swedish concept ”näthat” (hate on the internet hate), similar to the english hate speech, against swedish journalists and it's consequences for journalism as a whole in a democracy. How does it affect swedish journalists to have sensitive information about themselves and their families on public websites? How does threats from anonymous people affect them? The study focus on the work ethics of journalism and it's function in a democratic society, how net hate affects it, and what consequences net hate may have on democracy. The method of choice is a qualitative interview study, where the results from the interviews were analyzed against the theoretical science. The following people were chosen for the interviews: Helena Giertta, editor in chief at the newspaper Journalisten, Björn Wiman, head of culture at the newspaper Dagens Nyheter, Ann Persson, reporter at Dagens Nyheter, Johan Everljung, legally responsible publisher at the Swedish Television in Umeå, and Josefine Holgersson, reporter at the Swedish Television in Umeå. In short: The study concludes that net hate is a big threat against journalism, in the sense that it can, and is, being used as a tool to silent journalists and sources that speaks about sensitive subjects as feminism, immigrants and related matters. It is also clear that some groups are more frequently using it, such as xenophobic groups. The problem is therefore that many people, at the risk of being subject of net hate, decide not to participate in neither the public conversations in society or as sources in the media. As a consequence, some matters will not be featured and reported on, and that is very problematic not only for journalism as a whole, but also for democracy.
Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka vilka konsekvenser så kallat ”näthat”, har på journalistiken: Hur påverkas journalister av att bli uthängda och hotade av anonyma? Vad får det för konsekvenser för journalistiken? Tyngdpunkten i undersökningen ligger på den journalistiska yrkesrollen i en samhällelig kontext, hur den påverkas av näthat, vad näthatet kan få för konsekvenser för demokratin och även att problematisera och studera begreppet näthat. Metodologiskt bygger studien på en kvalitativ intervjustudie där resultaten ska jämföras med, och analyseras mot, normativ teori i form av befintlig litteratur och empirisk forskning. För att få svar på studiens frågeställningar valdes fem informanter ut genom strategiskt och snöbollsurval efter sin yrkesmässiga relevans. Valda informanter var Helena Giertta, chefredaktör på tidningen Journalisten, Björn Wiman, kulturchef på Dagens Nyheter, Ann Persson, nyhetsreporter på DN, Johan Everljung, ansvarig utgivare på SVT i Umeå och Josefine Holgersson, nyhetsreporter på SVT i Umeå. Med hjälp av materialet (intervjuer, och litteratur) ville studien ge en bild av hur näthatet påverkar journalistiken och journalisters yrkesutövande. Kortfattat kom studien fram till att hot och hat på nätet är ett stort problem för journalistiken och det kan få stora konsekvenser för demokratin. Näthat används som ett verktyg för att tysta journalister och källor som vissa grupper (oftast främlingsfientliga) ogillar. Det är tydligt att vissa ämnen som ”feminism”, ”invandrare” och ”flyktingar” är extra känsliga och ofta generar näthat. Att det dessutom ofta är redan utsatta grupper som påverkas (exempelvis kvinnor och flyktingar) gör problemet ännu allvarligare då det kan leda till att dessa än mer utesluts eller väljer att inte medverka i det offentliga samtalet, vilket urholkar journalistikens demokratiuppdrag: att förmedla information, vara ett forum för debatt och diskussion, kommentera samhällsskeenden och granska politiken.

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Pearson, Mark L. "The new 'multi-journalism': Journalists' and educators' perceptions of the influences of the internet upon journalism and its implications for journalism education". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36583/1/T%28ED%29%20323_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.

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This work uses grounded theory methodology to develop a theory of the Internet's influences upon journalism and its implications for journalism education. It sets out to address research questions asking what journalists' and educators' electronic discussions reveal about the influences of the Internet upon journalism and what the implications of this might be for journalism education. Sub-questions ask how the Internet's influences upon journalism might be categorised and, further, ask what new tasks and practices journalists have adopted in their work as a result of the use of the Internet. The literature review reveals scholarship in the field has developed rapidly during the course of the study, however while much of the research has targeted specific ·phenomena in the journalism I Internet I education interface, there has been a dearth of literature attempting to synthesise the three in a holistic theorybuilding exercise such as this. Certainly, there have been no attempts to use a grounded theory approach to the analysis of electronic discussion list data in building such theory. The data upon which the analysis is based are the discussions about journalism practice and journalism education on four electronic discussion lists during a nine week period in 1997. The 1217 messages posted to the lists were sorted according to their relevance to the research questions and the 629 messages selected were coded and sorted using the NUD.IST qualitative research software and analysed in accordance with grounded theory procedures recommended by Strauss (1987) and Strauss and Corbin (1990). The study illustrates that the Internet has had a major influence upon journalism which has important implications for journalism education. The thesis presents a descriptive categorisation of the Internet's influences upon journalism. The Internet's actual influences upon journalism are identifiable and numerous, and include 169 new journalistic tasks and practices. The influences are so profound in some respects that they force a re-evaluation of journalism and its purpose. The influences of the Internet upon the context in which journalism is practised and upon the practice of journalism are momentous. They represent the emergence of an endeavour which, while retaining many of the characteristics of journalism as it has been known, is too fragmented, multi-dimensional and multi-purposed to continue to be classified as such, a notion which has profound implications for journalism education and necessitate a review of its aims and practices. The term "Multi-Journalism" has been coined to describe this new manifestation of journalism as an occupation. Numerous opportunities for further research have been identified, covering all three domains addressed in the thesis: the context in which journalism is practised, the practice itself, and the implications of Internet influences for journalism education.

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Bigi, Hugo A. "Disciplined and employable for news production : Swiss journalists, off-the-job training and journalism practice". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10115.

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This thesis explores the impact of journalism training on journalists' experiences of their occupation and its implications for the news industry in the present volatile economic environment. It examines to what extent training empowers current journalists to adapt to the fast changing news world in order to guarantee the improvement of journalistic quality and to further serve a vital democratic function in our society. Using the example of Switzerland, this study focuses on the industry-oriented model of off-the-job training operated by MAZ, The Swiss School of Journalism. In total, 30 one-on-one in-depth interviews with trainee journalists attending the two-year Certificate Course in Journalism were conducted and thematically analysed by means of a specific matrix-based method for ordering and synthesising the data. The findings show that journalists who have experienced off-the-job training act more self-consciously in journalism practice as a result of regular information exchange and networking with co-trainees and lecturers, provided that the practical value of classroom expertise matches the editorial principles in force in their newsrooms. Off-the-job training increases journalists' employability regarding their personal, analytical, narrative and technical competencies and provides the bedrock for developing self-interested behaviour. Journalists trained within an industry-driven system seem more likely to predominantly think and act in an industry-minded manner, which eventually supports their employability and enables the news industry to reproduce itself. On a larger scale, the findings exemplify that the latest generation of news manufacturers no longer seeks control over occupational jurisdiction in the first instance, but strives for the improvement of employability instead. This study argues that 24/7 news production supported by a closely tied model of training is hardly able to recalibrate journalism's traditional, but dwindling, mission to above all serve a democratic function in our society. Claiming that the supervision of journalism is too important to be left to the journalism industry, it calls for measures to be taken from a broader social and political scope.

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22

Zárate-Valderrama, Yennue. "Revamping journalism in the midst of a conflict? : mapping the world of local war journalists". Thesis, University of Westminster, 2016. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/9zq9w/revamping-journalism-in-the-midst-of-a-conflict-mapping-the-world-of-local-war-journalists.

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Revamping journalism in the midst of a conflict is a research into the world of conflict local journalists’ praxis and rationale reporting on ‘their’ war. By using Colombia as a case study—the oldest conflict in Latin America, interwoven with drug trafficking, guerrillas and paramilitary groups—this project examines six dimensions of journalism: historical context, censorship as a barrier to providing balanced news, war journalist education, professional ethos, the hierarchy of reporters, and the construction of a concept of ‘responsible’ journalism that answers their informational, societal and professional needs. Academic discussions of journalism and war have centred on international correspondents—from the ‘West’—and international wars; however, there is little ethnographic research on professional practices of local journalists covering war or conflict, particularly from the Global South. Therein lies one of the challenges of this study: to observe and closely examine these dynamics and to offer a new analysis of unseen reporters from the periphery, helping to decentralise journalism studies. In a country with political unrest and a violent conflict, such as Colombia, reporting on the conflict is a difficult task, above all for local reporters and journalists. The importance of this case study is that it allows us to analyse a phenomenon with unique characteristics that questions traditional concepts of war reporting, thus allowing us to understand journalists’ professionalism as they work to improve their practise, as agreed upon in their ‘interpretative communities’ and professional conflict-specialised guilds. This understanding sheds light onto the important role they play in society in the midst of war. The research concludes with a broader discussion of the role of the journalist in conflicts, focusing on the Global South and countries with weak democratic states and particularly on journalists covering conflict in their own countries. By addressing the flaws, limitations and successful constructions of journalism in conflict, we can develop tools to be used in any context of intricate war and weak democracy.

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Peach, Rosanne J. "Give and tell: How journalists can use features journalism to reframe philanthropy in Australian society". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/116594/10/Rosanne%20Peach%20Exegesis.pdf.

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Give and Tell brings together research, practice and reflection to generate new understandings about the changing nature of giving in Australia and story-telling techniques available to journalists who are interested in facilitating public discussion about these social changes. Contemporary giving is shaped by personal, emotional, shared, creative, and innovative responses. This study finds that for journalists to effectively use features journalism to capture and subsequently reframe philanthropy, they will need an understanding of emotion and its impact on framing, emotional intelligence and an appreciation of the storytelling devices and strategies available to engage readers and create a shared experience of giving.

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Filak, Vincent F. "Conflict and convergence : a study of intergroup bias and journalists /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091920.

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Szakonyi, Mark. "Cinema screen reflections from 1920s to present how film portryals of print journalists have affected their identities /". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5982.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on month November 9, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

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Lee, Jayeon Janey. "The Effects of Journalists' Social Media Activities on Audience Perceptions of Journalists and their News Products". Thesis, The Ohio State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3734622.

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Social media have recently emerged as one of the primary information sources in the U.S. Journalists and news organizations have been keen on establishing a presence within digital social networks in order to utilize this new channel to build and maintain an audience. However, little is known about the practical implications of social media engagement by journalists for audience perceptions of news.

The present dissertation attempts to investigate 1) the influences of journalists' social media activities, self-disclosure and interaction with other users, on audience perceptions of the journalists; 2) if the perceptions serve as an important mediator between the social media activities and audience perceptions of the journalists'; news products; and, 3) if and how the direct and indirect effects of journalists'; social media activities are moderated by audiences'; individual differences in journalism orientation (IJO), which refers to which journalism norm audience members lean toward: engagement (public journalism norm) or detachment (objective journalism norm). Given that journalism is in a state of flux between traditional detached approaches and newer attached perspectives, these are important questions to be addressed relative to journalism in new media environments.

An experiment with multiple message stimuli was conducted in the context of a journalist's Facebook profile, and college students' perceptions of the journalist and his news product were measured via an online questionnaire. All perceptions were examined on both personal (e.g., attractiveness) and professional (e.g., objectivity and competence) dimensions.

The results provided empirical evidence that, 1) when it comes to journalists, engaging in such common social media activities as self-disclosure and interaction can significantly harm journalists in terms of their perceived competence although the same behaviors can improve perceptions of their personality. Results on the perceived objectivity dimension were mixed such that objectivity was positively influenced by interactive behaviors whereas it was negatively influenced by self-disclosure via social media; 2) Audience perceptions of journalists, formed based on their social media activities, tended to transfer to their impressions of the journalists' news products, demonstrating that the indirect effects of journalists' self-disclosures and interactions via social media on audience perceptions of their news products were mediated through audience perceptions of the journalists in terms of personality and competence although this mediation relationship was not evident in the case of journalists' self-disclosing activities and the professional-dimension perceptions; 3) These influences of journalists' social media activities were moderated by audiences'; individual journalism orientation such that the impacts of journalists'; self-disclosure on the journalists' personal and professional images (in both objectivity and competence) were in general stronger for the audiences oriented to an objective journalism norm, indicating that those with an objective orientation tend to react more sensitively to journalists' unconventional behaviors.

This set of results revealed that journalists' conforming to social media norms and acting like ordinary social media users could make not only the journalists but also their news products look personally attractive and friendly, but professionally less competent. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

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Lee, Jayeon. "The Effects of Journalists' Social Media Activities on Audience Perceptions of Journalists and their News Products". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1374158231.

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Manjawira, Ellard Spencer. "Becoming a business journalist in Malawi: a case study of The Daily Times and The Nation newspapers". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007440.

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In the past few decades, the proportion of business news compared to general news has increased tremendously across all media platforms in Africa. While the critical role played by business journalism is recognised, little is known about the people who write and report such news. Most studies on business reporting have tended to focus on analysing the content of business news, rather than the specific processes through which business journalists are socialized and trained. The findings of this study are drawn mainly from in-depth interviews with business reporters and editors at two leading newspapers in Malawi, The Daily Times and The Nation. Three major findings emerge trom the study data. First, business journalists vary in their educational and professional backgrounds, as well as the reasons for working on this beat. Second, the majority of them have no prerequisite formal education and training in business journalism and, therefore, have little knowledge and skills about what constitute good business journalism. Third, professionalism in the sub-field is constrained by a host of factors, influence of advertisers being the critical one. The study recommends that business reporting become an integral component of journalism education and training programmes to adequately prepare future generations of business journalists. In addition there is need for media houses to devise strategies to counter obstacles that business journalists face for them to effectively contribute to political economy debate.
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Maughan, Karyn. "Becoming a journalist : a study into the professional socialisation and training of entry-level journalists at the Cape Argus newspaper". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007553.

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This thesis attempts to examine the construction of 'professionalism' within the newsroom of the Cape Argus, an English-medium newspaper in post-apartheid South Africa. It is a qualitative study which tries to evaluate how a particular mainstream media discourse of 'professionalism' is enacted and struggled over in the attitudes, behaviour and perceptions of entry-level journalists and news managers at the newspaper. It asks what the process of 'becoming a journalist' requires of entry-level journalists in terms of their previous education and personal qualities - and examines the newsroom strategies employed by news managers when entry-level journalists do not meet these particular requirements. This thesis looks at how the pressures of operating a daily English-language commercial newspaper may shape both the 'professional' expectations of news managers and their ability to positively contribute to entry-level journalists' 'newsroom training'. In attempting to examine the nature of journalistic 'professionalism', this study explores the ideology of knowledge construction within mainstream South African media. Operating from a 'radical democratic' perspective of journalism, which prioritises journalism as a vehicle for diverse social, cultural and political expression, this thesis suggests that South African media education needs to enable journalism students' understanding of the ideological construction of journalistic 'professionalism'.

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Schulze, Thomas. "Data journalism, millennials & social networks: what does data journalism mean for journalists? - and how it can a ffect the millennials?" Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5039.

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Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Comunicação, ramo de Jornalismo
Data is a term that is currently making massive waves amongst media and news media. With stories like the Iraq War Logs, it made its way onto the journalistic stage. Due to that, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the characteristics of data journalism and its effects on journalism. Therefore, the related project is designed to make use of current models in order to find out what it takes through practical use. Furthermore, the conducted case study aims to determine the usage and acceptance by the audience of the social network Twitter and in particular the Millennials. The subject of the study was the produced visual data outcome and the feedback given by citizens and especially consumers/ users of Twitter. The data for the study was gathered through a quantitative image type analysis and the record of retweets and favorites. These data support the view that data journalism with its visual results appeal to the audience and the characteristics of the Millennials. Additionally, it was concluded that the basic attitude of journalists will not change but the tools and skills need to be implemented in the newsroom and the work process of the storytelling journalist that, as a result, will promote watchdog and citizen journalism.

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Cassidy, William Patrick. "May the force be with you : the influence of gatekeeping forces on the professional role conceptions of print and online newspaper journalists /". view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3113004.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 238-251). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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32

Castle, Philip Charles. "Who cares for the wounded journalist? : a study of the treatment of journalists suffering from exposure to trauma". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36436/1/36436.pdf.

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Groth, Michael. "The road to New York the emigration of Berlin journalists, 1933-1945 /". München ; New York : K.G. Saur, 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/18691002.html.

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Krudtaa, Nima. "Journalism in Cuba : An investigation of the professional role based on qualitative interviews with fourteen Cuban journalists". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-20078.

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This bachelor thesis, which is also the result of a Minor Field Studies scholarship, examines journalists’ situation in Cuba. The aim is to see the working conditions of the journalists by listening to how they themselves perceive their professional role, what their professional values are and what they see as opportunities and obstacles in their work. A major reason for undertaking this research is the theoretical perspective that emphasizes the importance of journalism studies in developing countries. The results are based mainly on fourteen qualitative interviews with Cuban journalists. By comparing the results with earlier studies including development journalism and studies about digital media in Cuba the study shows that Cuban journalists’ main duty is to defend the Communist Party. Many of the interviewed journalists experience self-censorship as a problem and blame it on Cuba's lack of a press law. Even if journalist salaries are extremely low, just like salaries of other professions in the state, the journalists highlight many positive aspects of their job. The education is free and some of the interviewees have opportunities to travel both within and outside the country because of their job. Cuban journalists are well educated, normally have a great passion for their profession and often have a strong desire to improve their work. The technological development in Cuba is slow but changes the conditions for the journalistic work and will continue to have a great influence on Cuban society.

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Hackworth, Franchesca R. "The Role of Journalists During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Relationship Between Journalism Roles and Media Trust". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1619618453512626.

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Drayton, Kandra C. "Motherhood how it affects women journalists' experiences /". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0003041.

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Fried, Dayna Lynn. "A Historical Perspective of Arizona Women Journalists". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292201.

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Hannan, Elizabeth. "Why Arizona Newspaper Journalists Leave the Profession". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292210.

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Ehlers, Wibke. "With Pad and Pencil: Old Stereotypes in a New Form? A Comparison of the Image of the Journalist in the Movies from 1930-1949 and 1990-2004". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Political Science and Communication, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/883.

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This thesis aims to provide an insight into the stereotypical imagery of journalists on the screen and its changes in popular culture, namely in film. Much research has been done on categorising different filmic characters and on journalist in popular culture as well as in real life, but from my knowledge no comparative approach focussing on the changes in the filmic stereotypes has been undertaken yet. Therefore my literature review covers existing research on journalists in film and the various categories scholar do put these characters in. Using qualitative content analysis, namely by watching and opposing sixteen selected movies, this study aims to give some in-depth view into the question if and how filmic stereotypes have changed over the approximately seventy years that lie between the films from the first (1930-1949) and second (1990-2004) period of analysis. In eight comparative chapters this study argues that some stereotypes have changed while others remain the same. Influential factors for these changes as found in the thesis are for example history, culture and audience expectation. The reason some stereotypes do not change is that they are deeply embedded in American myth that is even harder to change than stereotypes. The thesis concludes that most journalistic figures underwent considerable changes or even disappeared with only the crusading journalist, as a mythical heroic figure, hardly changed at all.

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Anderson, Emmy Thomas. "Media usage of journalism students of the University of Missouri--Columbia". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5015.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on November 12, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.

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Singer, Jane Bess. "Newspaper journalists' actions and attitudes regarding interactive media /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9717184.

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Fabregat, Eduard (Fabregat Rodergas). "The Journalistic field of the neighbourhood journalists: the case of immigrants' representation in the neighbourhood press of Barcelona". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/397753.

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Mainstream press tends to give visibility to immigrants only when problems arise. Through this visibility based on problems a virtual social identity is constructed and given to the immigration population. This identity is built on stereotypes and is not necessarily correct. However, the neighbourhood press of Barcelona, inscribed within the Catalan regional press’ own idea of journalism, offers a different approach to this issue due to its history, proximity and commitment to the region, and hence, the different characteristics of these journalists’ field where different capitals are sought and taken into consideration and different habitus are found. Therefore this press constructs and gives a different virtual social identity by using a differentiated set of frames. Through studying this mechanism the process through which this particular sort of press, and specifically its journalists, approach the idea of journalism was unearthed and its journalistic field explained.
La premsa generalista tendeix a donar visibilitat als immigrants només quan sorgeixen problemes. A través d'aquesta visibilitat basada en problemes es construeix una identitat social virtual. Aquesta identitat es construida amb estereotips i no és necessàriament correcte. No obstant això, la premsa de barri de Barcelona, dintre de la tradició de la premsa regional Catalana, ofereix, a causa de la seva història, proximitat i compromís amb la regió, un enfocament diferent a aquest problema i, per tant, les característiques diferents del camp social d'aquests periodistes fan que es busquin i es tinguin en compte diferents habitus i diferents capitals. D’aquesta manera aquesta premsa construeix i dóna una identitat social virtual diferent mitjançant l'ús d'un conjunt diferenciat de marcs. A través de l'estudi d'aquest mecanisme el procés a través del qual aquest tipus particular de premsa, i en concret els seus periodistes, s'acosten a la idea del periodisme ha estat estudiat i el seu camp periodístic explicat.

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Escobar, Ana Paulina. "Pratiques, trajectoires et projets des journalistes indépendants : l'évolution du journalisme numérique en Equateur". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCH002.

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Le journalisme à l’ère du numérique est un domaine en constante évolution dans le monde entier, notamment en Equateur. Les usages du numérique sont-ils en train de modifier le profil et les compétences du journaliste ? Si les pratiques professionnelles ont changé qu’en est-il de la nature du journalisme ? Les nouveaux projets numériques sont-ils une forme de professionnalisation pour les journalistes ou plutôt une stratégie pour conserver leur espace et leur reconnaissance professionnelle ? Au travers de cinq études de cas, nous avons consacré cette recherche à l’exploration et à l’analyse de l’évolution des pratiques et des trajectoires journalistiques des professionnels et des médias équatoriens numériques au cours d’une période de changements et de crises constants, qui inclut la pandémie.Nous analysons ainsi 1) les compétences professionnelles, les profils, les pratiques et les connaissances du métier ; 2) les passerelles entre les domaines du journalisme et de la communication ; 3) le discours expérientiel dans les médias numériques équatoriens ; 4) la dynamique de travail suite à l’intégration de l’outil Twitter dans les rédactions et 5) la pratique du journalisme collaboratif dans le contexte de la crise sanitaire.En mettant en regard la littérature francophone et hispanophone, cette thèse se fonde sur les approches info-communicationnelles du journalisme, articulées à la théorie de la reconnaissance. Elle vise ainsi à analyser l’évolution des pratiques journalistiques à l'ère numérique ainsi que la façon dont les journalistes investissent et utilisent la technique pour avoir une visibilité et une reconnaissance dans leur groupe professionnel. Les résultats de nos recherches nous amènent à identifier le numérique comme un espace propice à l’émergence de nouvelles pratiques et trajectoires professionnelles et de nouveaux projets éditoriaux
Journalism in the digital age is a constantly evolving field worldwide, including in Ecuador. Are digital uses changing the profile and skills of journalists? If professional practices have changed, what about the nature of journalism? Are the new digital projects a form of professionalization for journalists, or rather a strategy to precise their space and professional recognition? Through five case studies, we have devoted this research to exploring and analyzing the evolution of journalistic practices and trajectories of Ecuadorian digital professionals and media over a period of constant changes and crises, which includes the pandemic.We analyze 1) professional skills, profiles, practices and knowledge of the profession; 2) bridges between the fields of journalism and communication; 3) experiential discourse in Ecuadorian digital media; 4) work dynamics following the integration of Twitter in newsroom and 5) the practice of collaborative journalism in the context of the health crisis.This study starts from a theoretical and conceptual basis about journalism and journalists in the digital age, the importance of professional training, visibility and mechanisms of professional recognition, and the digital space as a fertile ground for new editorial projects. By comparing French and Spanish literature, this thesis is based on info-communication approaches to journalism, articulated to recognition theory. Its aim is to analyze the evolution of journalistic practices in the digital age, and the ways in which journalists invest in and use technology to gain visibility and recognition within their professional groups. The results of our research lead us to identify the digital era as a space conducive to the emergence of new professional practices and trajectories, as well as new editorial projects

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Hughes-Watkins, Lael I. "Fay M. Jackson : the sociopolitical narrative of a pioneering African American female journalist /". Connect to resource online, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1213112337.

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Hu, Haidan. "Can Journalists Have a Work-Life Balance? A Study of the Relationship between Journalists' Personal Blogs and Their Professional Work". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1343317252.

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Naït-Bouda, Faïza. "Reconfiguration du champ journalistique et logiques sociales : enjeux d'une représentation des journalistes pigistes en précaires". Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENL016.

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Au cours des trois dernières décennies, la mise en œuvre de stratégies industrielles et éditoriales par les groupes de presse écrite a poussé les marchés du travail journalistique à se conformer à de nouvelles exigences d'adaptation. Face à ces transformations, les positions traditionnelles des acteurs du champ journalistique ont été profondément remises en question, traduisant une reconfiguration en termes de normes et de pratiques socio-discursives, mais aussi de distribution des rôles et des pouvoirs. Notre travail de recherche propose de s'intéresser au cas des journalistes pigistes dont le positionnement dans une « zone grise » du marché du travail en fait des « analyseurs » privilégiés des mutations en cours au sein du secteur de presse. La précarité qui leur est fatalement assignée est ici questionnée comme une catégorie situationnelle et relationnelle nous informant d'une « déstructuration-restructuration » du champ journalistique. La précarité mobilisée dans les discours des acteurs du champ apporte dès lors un éclairage sur les logiques sociales à l'œuvre et permet d'approcher, d'une part, les enjeux qui sous-tendent la stigmatisation des journalistes pigistes en précaires, et, d'autre part, les stratégies qui les portent. Il apparaît que cette représentation à visée différentielle fait singulièrement sens dans un contexte socio-économique de restructuration des industries culturelles. Révélatrice d'une tension entre légitimation et modernisation d'une presse en mutation, la précarité affectée aux journalistes pigistes se met au service des stratégies d'adaptation des acteurs en présence. Elle sert en premier lieu celles des stigmatisés qui, en procédant à un « retournement du stigmate », saisissent l'occasion de faire émerger une identité « para-journalistique » fondée sur une culture qui leur serait propre : le « pigisme »
Over the past three decades, the industrial and editorial strategies of French press groups pushed the journalistic labour markets to adapt to new requirements. Faced with these changes, the traditional positions of the actors involved in the journalistic field were deeply challenged leading to a reconfiguration in terms of standards and socio-discursive practices, but also in terms of the distribution of roles and powers. Our research focuses on the case of the French “pigistes” journalists who are located in a "grey area" of the labour market and thereby become privileged "analyzers" of the ongoing changes in the French press industry. The precariousness assigned to them is examined as a relational notion, which allows us to approach very closely the "breakdown-restructuring" movement of the modern French journalistic field. The study of the uses of this notion in the discourses of the main actors in this field brings light on the social logics at work. It underlines what is at stake in the stigmatization of “pigistes” journalists in "precarious" professionals on the one hand and which strategies this stigma help to satisfy on the other hand. It appears that this representation implies a differentiation between two types of journalists (the precarious ones and the others), which singularly makes sense in a socio-economic restructuring of cultural industries. Revealing a tension between legitimacy and modernization of a changing press, the precariousness assigned to the “pigistes” journalists supports the adaptation strategies of the actors involved in the field. Above all, this stigmatization serves firstly this stigmatized journalists who by conducting a “reversal of the stigma” seize the opportunity to bring forth a “para-journalistic” identity based on a culture they would own: the “pigisme.”

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Grynko, Anastasiia. "Media transparency through journalists` interpretations: research in Ukraine". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117311.

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Amb arrels en l'ètica normativa, el concepte de transparència dels mitjans es defineix generalment com un dels requisits clau per a les pràctiques dels mitjans de comunicació creïbles, que tenen com a base la confiança entre mitjans i les seves audiències (Tsetsura i Kruckeberg, 2009). No obstant això, donada una definició formal de les normes i valors professionals, la conceptualització normativa també pot representar serioses dificultats a l'hora d'inculcar valors ètics substancials en diferents periodistes i en la professió en el seu conjunt (Negre i Barney, 1985). Aquest treball està dirigit a la comprensió del fenomen de la transparència dels mitjans a través de les experiències i interpretacions dels professionals dels mitjans de comunicació ucraïnesos, és a dir, de les persones involucrades en la constitució del fenomen a partir dels seus judicis ètics, valors compartits i regles informals que funcionen a la pràctica a la seva professió. Amb base en el cas d'Ucraïna, es busca elaborar la comprensió d'aquest fenomen de la transparència dels mitjans, a partir de les experiències professionals, les percepcions, les actituds, els valors i les consideracions ètiques dels periodistes. L'estudi es basa en la metodologia de la "grounded theory" (Glaser, i Strauss, 1967; Corbin, i Strauss, 2008; Charmaz, 2006) i aplica mètodes d'entrevistes individuals i discussions de focus grups amb professionals dels mitjans a Ucraïna, així com l'expressió de percepcions mitjançant l'anàlisi dels elements d'art creatiu fets pels mateixos periodistes. La metodologia qualitativa es va utilitzar per permetre que els participants de l'estudi expressessin les seves opinions i expliquessin les seves històries, alhora que reflectissin el que experimentaven en el seu treball i així explicar com entendre el fenomen des de diversos punts de vista. La investigació ha indicat que tot i que els professionals dels mitjans de comunicació van demostrar la seva familiaritat amb la norma de la transparència, formalitzada en els codis ètics periodístics, i la van qualificar d'important per l'ètica professional, les seves històries professionals i exemples il·lustren que una "pràctica" del significat de la transparència diferent de la seva conceptualització normativa. En primer lloc, la transparència percebuda generalment es limita a la idea de la independència dels mitjans i no la inclouen en el procés visible d'elaboració de notícies. És més, la diferència és especialment evident quan es tracta de les pressions que es produeixen en l'organització i que no impliquen les decisions individuals dels periodistes. La diferència també es constata en la rara inclusió de l'audiència i el concepte d'interès públic (de les seves necessitats i demandes) en el debat sobre la transparència de mitjans. En segon lloc, els periodistes tendeixen a justificar les pràctiques poc normatives dient que tenen lloc més enllà de les seves decisions. Com a resultat, els participants verbalment i visualment tenen més aviat una imatge pessimista de la situació dels mitjans a Ucraïna i descriuen les pressions envers els periodistes com comunes i omnipotents, mentre que el periodista es mostra com feble i impotent. En aquesta situació, els mitjans de comunicació i els periodistes perden la seva funció professional de "gatekeepers". Les influències tenen lloc més enllà de les decisions professionals dels periodistes, amb la qual cosa els periodistes se senten menys responsables d'acceptar (o no acceptar) pràctiques no transparents. Com a resultat d'això, els periodistes ucraïnesos semblen desmobilitzats i desmotivats per lluitar contra les pressions, seguir les normes ètiques i millorar el seu nivell professional. Per tant, aquest treball va més enllà de l'explicació de la transparència dels mitjans com un concepte "donat" normatiu, consistent en articular els professionals i proporcionar-los eines ètiques a les situacions diàries a les quals s'enfronten. En concentrar-se en els valors personals dels periodistes i de la seva interpretació, aplicades a les decisions pràctiques, es canvia l'èmfasi de l'examen "normatiu" de transparència dels mitjans com un fenomen estàtic i objectivament existent i se centra en la comprensió de la transparència periodística a través de les lents dels significats i interpretacions subjectives que els periodistes empren en la seva pràctica diària.
Rooted in normative ethics, the concept of media transparency is generally defined as one of the key requisites for credible media practices that are based on trust between the media representatives and their audiences (Tsetsura & Kruckeberg, 2009). However, giving a formal definition to professional standards and values, normative conceptualization may also represent serious difficulties in inculcating substantial ethical values in individual journalists and in the profession as a whole (Black & Barney, 1985). This work is aimed at understanding of the phenomenon of media transparency through the experiences and interpretations of Ukrainian media practitioners - individuals involved in constitution of the phenomenon by their ethical judgments, shared values and informal rules that work in practice. Based on the case of Ukraine, I elaborate the understanding of media transparency phenomenon as it is constructed by journalists` professional experiences, perceptions, attitudes, values and ethical considerations that work in practice. The study is built on the methodology of grounded theory (Glaser, & Strauss, 1967; Corbin, & Strauss, 2008; Charmaz, 2006) and applies methods of individual interviews and focus-group discussions with media practitioners in Ukraine as well as the elements of creative art-based method. Qualitative methodology was utilized to allow study participants express their views and tell their stories, reflecting what they experience in their work and explaining me how they understand the phenomenon under investigation. The research indicated that even though media practitioners demonstrated their familiarity with the norm of transparency, formalized in ethical code, and characterized it as important for professional ethics, their professional stories and examples illustrated that a ‘practical’ meaning of transparency is different from its normative conceptualization. First, the perceived transparency is usually limited to the idea of media independency and do not include the idea of visible news making process. Besides, the difference is especially clear when it comes to the pressures that happen on organizational (inter- and intra-) level and do not involve journalists` individual decisions. The difference also concerns a rare inclusion of audience and the concept of public interest (needs and demands) into discussion about media transparency. Second, journalists tend to justify the practices that happen beyond their decisions and participation perceiving them as normal and acceptable. As a result, verbally and visually participants created rather a pessimistic picture of media situation in Ukraine describing pressures as common and omnipotent and showing journalist as weak and powerless. In this situation media and journalists loose their professional role of gatekeepers; influences happen beyond journalists` professional decisions, so journalists feel themselves less responsible for accepting (or not accepting) non-transparent practices. As a result, Ukrainian journalists seem to be demobilized and demotivated to struggle against pressures, follow ethical standards and improve their professional level. Hence, this work goes beyond the explanation of media transparency as a “given” normative concept, involves practitioners into articulation and making sense about the ethical issue they face and experience. Concentrating on journalists’ personal values and interpretations, applied in practical decisions, it shifts emphasis away from “normative” examination of media transparency as static and objectively existing phenomenon and focuses on understanding transparency through the lenses of subjective meanings and interpretations that journalists employ in their decisions.

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Wong, Chi Him. "The Macao journalists' perceptions of the media's roles". Thesis, University of Macau, 2006. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1874215.

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Manning, Paul. "Trade unions, news media strategies and newspaper journalists". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14543.

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Guest, Nicholas M. "Do journalists help investors analyze firms' earnings news?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118014.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 79-84).
I examine whether the market's reaction to firms' earnings news varies with analysis (or editorial content) produced by financial journalists. A series of natural experiments at The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) suggests that WSJ articles increase trading volume and improve price discovery at S&P 500 earnings announcements. The effects are stronger when an article contains more original analysis and less content reproduced from the firm's press release. This evidence refines inferences from prior studies that find media dissemination, but not analysis, makes the market's earnings response more efficient. Instead, my paper suggests media analysis also enhances investors' trading decisions by improving their understanding of earnings news, albeit for a limited set of large firms. In other words, journalists' analysis efforts provide value to readers, which helps explain the continued production of costly earnings-related analysis amid increasing pressure from low-cost information sources.
by Nicholas Guest.
Ph. D.

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