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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Joint subsystems hypothesis"
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Corr, Philip J. "J. A. Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory: tests of the joint subsystems hypothesis of anxiety and impulsivity". Personality and Individual Differences 33, nr 4 (wrzesień 2002): 511–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00170-2.
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Mortensen, Jørgen Assar, Hanne Lehn, Hallvard Røe Evensmoen i Asta K. Håberg. "Evidence for an antagonistic interaction between reward and punishment sensitivity on striatal activity: A verification of the Joint Subsystems Hypothesis". Personality and Individual Differences 74 (luty 2015): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.10.023.
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Jackson, Chris J., i Leslie J. Francis. "Are interactions in Gray's Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory proximal or distal in the prediction of religiosity: a test of the joint subsystems hypothesis". Personality and Individual Differences 36, nr 5 (kwiecień 2004): 1197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(03)00211-3.
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Knyazev, Gennadij G., i Glenn D. Wilson. "The role of personality in the co-occurrence of emotional and conduct problems in adolescents: a confirmation of Corr's “joint subsystems” hypothesis". Personality and Individual Differences 37, nr 1 (lipiec 2004): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2003.08.026.
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Mulavara, Ajitkumar P., i Jacob J. Bloomberg. "Identifying head-trunk and lower limb contributions to gaze stabilization during locomotion". Journal of Vestibular Research 12, nr 5-6 (1.08.2003): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2003-125-606.
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The goal of the present study was to determine how the multiple, interdependent full-body sensorimotor subsystems respond to a change in gaze stabilization task constraints during locomotion. Nine subjects performed two gaze stabilization tasks while walking at 6.4 km/hr on a motorized treadmill: 1) focusing on a central point target; 2) reading numeral characters; both presented at 2 m in front at the level of their eyes. While subjects performed the tasks we measured: temporal parameters of gait, full body sagittal plane segmental kinematics of the head, trunk, thigh, tibia and foot, accelerations along the vertical axis at the head and the tibia, and the vertical forces acting on the support surface. We tested the hypothesis that with the increased demands placed on visual acuity during the number recognition task, subjects would modify full-body segmental kinematics in order to reduce perturbations to the head in order to successfully perform the task. We found that while reading numeral characters as compared to the central point target: 1) compensatory head pitch movement was on average 22% greater despite the fact that the trunk pitch and trunk vertical translation movement control were not significantly changed; 2) coordination patterns between head and trunk as reflected by the peak cross correlation between the head pitch and trunk pitch motion as well as the peak cross correlation between the head pitch and vertical trunk translation motion were not significantly changed; 3) knee joint total movement was on average 11% greater during the period from the heel strike event to the peak knee flexion event in stance phase of the gait cycle; 4) peak acceleration measured at the head was significantly reduced by an average of 13% in four of the six subjects. This was so even when the peak acceleration at the tibia and the transmission of the shock wave at heel strike (measured by the peak acceleration ratio of the head/tibia and the time lag between the tibial and head peak accelerations) remained unchanged. Taken together these results provide further evidence that the full body contributes to gaze stabilization during locomotion, and that its different functional elements can be modified online to contribute to gaze stabilization for different visual task constraints.
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윤병수. "Relationship of BIS/BAS, Affective, and Health Locus of Control and Examining Joint Subsystem Hypothesis". Korean Journal of Health Psychology 13, nr 4 (grudzień 2008): 923–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2008.13.4.006.
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Rafique, Samina, M. Najam-ul-Islam, M. Shafique i A. Mahmood. "Cartesian Control of Sit-to-Stand Motion Using Head Position Feedback". Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2020 (21.08.2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1979342.
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Sit-to-stand (STS) motion is an indicator of an individual’s physical independence and well-being. Determination of various variables that contribute to the execution and control of STS motion is an active area of research. In this study, we evaluate the clinical hypothesis that besides numerous other factors, the central nervous system (CNS) controls STS motion by tracking a prelearned head position trajectory. Motivated by the evidence for a task-oriented encoding of motion by the CNS, we adopt a robotic approach for the synthesis of STS motion and propose this scheme as a solution to this hypothesis. We propose an analytical biomechanical human CNS modeling framework where the head position trajectory defines the high-level task control variable. The motion control is divided into low-level task generation and motor execution phases. We model CNS as STS controller and its Estimator subsystem plans joint trajectories to perform the low-level task. The motor execution is done through the Cartesian controller subsystem that generates torque commands to the joints. We do extensive motion and force capture experiments on human subjects to validate our analytical modeling scheme. We first scale our biomechanical model to match the anthropometry of the subjects. We do dynamic motion reconstruction through the control of simulated custom human CNS models to follow the captured head position trajectories in real time. We perform kinematic and kinetic analyses and comparison of experimental and simulated motions. For head position trajectories, root mean square (RMS) errors are 0.0118 m in horizontal and 0.0315 m in vertical directions. Errors in angle estimates are 0.55 rad, 0.93 rad, 0.59 rad, and 0.0442 rad for ankle, knee, hip, and head orientation, respectively. RMS error of ground reaction force (GRF) is 50.26 N, and the correlation between ground reaction torque and the support moment is 0.72. Low errors in our results validate (1) the reliability of motion/force capture methods and anthropometric technique for customization of human models and (2) high-level task control framework and human CNS modeling as a solution to the hypothesis. Accurate modeling and detailed understanding of human motion can have significant scope in the fields of rehabilitation, humanoid robotics, and virtual characters’ motion planning based on high-level task control schemes.
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Chen, Tie, Songlin Zheng i Jinzhi Feng. "Statistical dependency analysis of multiple competing failure causes of fuel cell engines". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 231, nr 2 (19.01.2017): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x16686895.
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Given the current strict regulations on fuel emissions, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have been considered as ideal non-polluting vehicles. As the kernel subsystem of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the fuel cell engine, which is a complex system, may fail because of multiple competing failure causes. In fuel cell engine reliability engineering, discriminating and measuring dependency among multiple failure causes is an urgent problem that should be addressed. This study proposes a statistical dependency analysis model under competing risks based on reliability field data of fuel cell engines. The multivariate lognormal distribution is employed to model joint failure distribution. Then, using simulated annealing algorithm to estimate the parameters of the conditional probability likelihood function. Moreover, p-value hypothesis test procedures are developed to determine the significance of the dependence degree among multiple competing failure causes. In this article, the failure mechanisms of fuel cell engine are comprehensively discussed to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Results can provide technical support for studies on optimal maintenance strategies.
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Barabash, Oleg, Andrii Musienko, Spartak Hohoniants, Oleksand Laptiev, Oleg Salash, Yevgen Rudenko i Alla Klochko. "Comprehensive Methods of Evaluation of Efficiency of Distance Learning System Functioning". International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security 13, nr 1 (8.02.2021): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijcnis.2021.01.02.
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The current pace of development of information technology has created the preconditions for the emergence of a wide range of tools for providing educational services using distance learning technologies. This is confirmed by the intensification of the use of distance learning systems in the conditions of sanitary and epidemiological restrictions and the need for acute cost savings. The existing scientific and methodological apparatus for studying the quality of functioning of distance learning systems is mostly based on approaches to separate assessment of the effectiveness of their elements and the relevant quality indicators. This limits the ability to take into account important factors in the decision-making process and requires comprehensive consideration of the contributions of relevant subsystems to the functioning of the distance learning system. In order to solve this problem, the article presents a comprehensive methodology for assessing the effectiveness of distance learning system, based on methods of probability theory and hierarchy analysis and describes the patterns of influence on the effectiveness of distance learning system of importance and contributions of its subsystems. Comparative analysis of the data obtained by monitoring and forecasting performance indicators based on the proposed method, shows an increase in the reliability of the assessment within 15-18%, which in contrast to the existing reduction of standard deviation of performance indicators by an average of 26% and ensures the adequacy of the results within certain assumptions and hypotheses. In such conditions, the choice of an appropriate option for the construction of the DN system is ensured by the reliability of the forecast of the results of its operation in the range of 82-85%, which is high enough to make appropriate decisions. The value of this study lies in the possibility of using the tested scientific and methodological apparatus in forecasting the outcome of the system and saving material, financial and human resources in the process of implementing the relevant recommendations in practice. This fact makes it possible to eliminate limitations in the practice of building distance learning systems and creates a new opportunity to cover a wider range of factors that affect the quality of operation.The application of this technique makes it possible to predict the results of the joint operation of the relevant subsystems of the distance learning system, taking into account their contribution to the overall result.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Joint subsystems hypothesis"
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Schlesinger, Carla M., i n/a. "The Role of Individual Differences in Additional Substance Use in a Methadone Maintained Population". Griffith University. School of Psychology, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20061109.150823.
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It is well established that methadone maintenance (MM) reduces but does not eliminate the self-administration of other illicit drugs. For those on MM, there is considerable variation in consumption patterns, route of heroin administration, additional non-opioid substances routinely administered and the clinical disorders associated with these patterns of use. While there is a large literature base documenting these phenomena, studies have been almost exclusively descriptive in nature, with little attempt to develop a theoretical model in which to understand such use. In the following thesis, a model proposed by Gray was tested, the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST). This biopsychosocial model broadly describes two action tendencies; approach (Behavioural Activation System) and avoidance or withdrawal (Flight Fight Freeze System and the Behavioural Inhibition System). The model proposes that a heightened sensitivity to punishment underlies anxiety disorders. Conversely, a heightened sensitivity to rewarding stimuli may predispose some individuals to engage in highly rewarding behaviour and is associated with conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder. According to the Joint Subsystems Hypothesis, these personality styles are mutually dependent, whereby BIS and BAS interact to influence reward mediated and punishment mediated behaviours. Based on Gray's model, this thesis tests whether opiate dependent individuals with heightened sensitivity to punishment are more likely to use anxiolytic drugs (such as benzodiazepines), and individuals with heightened reward sensitivity will show a preference for substances that have high reward potential (such as stimulants). At time one, the participant sample (N= 120) comprised 71 males (59%) and 49 females who were opioid dependent and recruitment took place over an eight-month period in two city opioid replacement clinics. A range of measures was administered to assess substance use, mood, anxiety and the personality dimensions of reward sensitivity and punishment sensitivity, with substance use again measured at three months. Results of the first study suggested that a large proportion of the variance was accounted for by personality within the models. A total of 98 participants (81%) participated in the 12-week follow-up study. Sensitivity to punishment and reward significantly predicted drug preference. Although psychopathology symptoms were not able to moderate the relationship between personality and drug use, anxiety symptoms negatively mediated the relationship between punishment sensitivity and anxiolytic use, whereby the relationship became non-significant. In contrast, sensitivity to reward remained the strongest predictor of amphetamine use over antisocial characteristics. Individual differences were not able to predict treatment retention nor susceptibility to relapse during a 12-week initiation to a MM programme.
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Schlesinger, Carla. "The Role of Individual Differences in Additional Substance Use in a Methadone Maintained Population". Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367929.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
It is well established that methadone maintenance (MM) reduces but does not eliminate the self-administration of other illicit drugs. For those on MM, there is considerable variation in consumption patterns, route of heroin administration, additional non-opioid substances routinely administered and the clinical disorders associated with these patterns of use. While there is a large literature base documenting these phenomena, studies have been almost exclusively descriptive in nature, with little attempt to develop a theoretical model in which to understand such use. In the following thesis, a model proposed by Gray was tested, the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST). This biopsychosocial model broadly describes two action tendencies; approach (Behavioural Activation System) and avoidance or withdrawal (Flight Fight Freeze System and the Behavioural Inhibition System). The model proposes that a heightened sensitivity to punishment underlies anxiety disorders. Conversely, a heightened sensitivity to rewarding stimuli may predispose some individuals to engage in highly rewarding behaviour and is associated with conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder. According to the Joint Subsystems Hypothesis, these personality styles are mutually dependent, whereby BIS and BAS interact to influence reward mediated and punishment mediated behaviours. Based on Gray's model, this thesis tests whether opiate dependent individuals with heightened sensitivity to punishment are more likely to use anxiolytic drugs (such as benzodiazepines), and individuals with heightened reward sensitivity will show a preference for substances that have high reward potential (such as stimulants). At time one, the participant sample (N= 120) comprised 71 males (59%) and 49 females who were opioid dependent and recruitment took place over an eight-month period in two city opioid replacement clinics. A range of measures was administered to assess substance use, mood, anxiety and the personality dimensions of reward sensitivity and punishment sensitivity, with substance use again measured at three months. Results of the first study suggested that a large proportion of the variance was accounted for by personality within the models. A total of 98 participants (81%) participated in the 12-week follow-up study. Sensitivity to punishment and reward significantly predicted drug preference. Although psychopathology symptoms were not able to moderate the relationship between personality and drug use, anxiety symptoms negatively mediated the relationship between punishment sensitivity and anxiolytic use, whereby the relationship became non-significant. In contrast, sensitivity to reward remained the strongest predictor of amphetamine use over antisocial characteristics. Individual differences were not able to predict treatment retention nor susceptibility to relapse during a 12-week initiation to a MM programme.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Psychology
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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Joint subsystems hypothesis"
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Goyder, Hugh, Philip Ind i Daniel Brown. "Measurement of Damping due to Bolted Joints". W ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12826.
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The damping of a structure assembled from subsystems (a built-up structure) is commonly assumed to be due to frictional effects in the joints. This paper attempts to investigate this hypothesis. A built-up beam with 10 bolted links and a plate with 27 bolts were tested. The procedure was to measure the damping and then remove a link or a bolt and then to repeat the measurement and remove a further link or bolt. This continued until all the links or bolts were removed. If the hypothesis is correct an analysis of the data was expected to show a correlation between the number of bolts and the damping. No such simple correlation was evident. One possibility is that the effect of joint damping is smaller than the effect of other sources of damping such as material damping. Other possibilities are also discussed.
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Yu, Du, Wen-hua Wu i Qian-jin Yue. "Prototype Measurement for Deep Water Floating Platforms Based on Monitoring Technology". W ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10251.
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Due to the complexity of ocean environmental conditions and non-linear structural responses, there are many uncertainties in establishing design of deep-water floating platforms. Traditional hydrodynamic analysis and model test, till now, still can’t provide the long-term safety and reliability for floating structure in harsh environments. Prototype test, as a full-scale experimental method, is carried out on in-service platforms to obtain the real response without simplification and hypothesis. The obtained data can be used not only to reduce uncertainties, but also to verify and further improve design specifications. In this paper, the full-scale measurement technique for floating platforms is discussed. Four monitoring subsystems are built up related to different characteristics of data collection in-service platform. Individual Remote Monitoring System (IRMS) is established to perform the remote communication between platform and land. The full monitoring system is carried out on a FPS in South China Sea, which supported by a joint industry project (JIP). Some useful monitoring results are presented at last to demonstrate the reliability of the whole monitoring systems.