Artykuły w czasopismach: „Jews in Japan”

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Barbasiewicz, Olga. "Konsul Sugihara Chiune a polscy Żydzi w Kownie w okresie 1939–1940". Sprawy Narodowościowe, nr 36 (18.02.2022): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sn.2010.010.

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Consul Sugihara Chiune and the Polish Jews in Kaunas, Lithuania in 1939–1940The main subject of this article is the life and career of Sugihara Chiune, viewed in the context of the fate of European Jews during their stay in the Lithuanian capital, Kaunas, while they were escaping from Nazi-occupied Europe in 1939 and 1940. The author investigates how the Japanese consul helped them obtain visas and thus saved their lives. She also deals with his private and professional life, including the turns of his diplomatic career in pre-war Lithuania, and his views on crucial issues involving his activities connected with saving the Polish Jews – even at the risk of his own life and the life of his family. Sugihara continued to issue transit visas even after he was forbidden to do so by his superiors from the Japanese Foreign Ministry. Thus the war influenced his later life as a diplomat, not always in a beneficial way. However, today Consul Sugihara is considered a hero and is commemorated in many ways, both in his native Japan and in Lithuania.

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Betta, Chiara. "From Orientals to Imagined Britons: Baghdadi Jews in Shanghai". Modern Asian Studies 37, nr 4 (październik 2003): 999–1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x03004104.

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Studies and reminiscences, which dissect the communities of the Baghdadi trade diaspora, have so far tended to over-emphasize the smooth Anglicization process experienced by Baghdadi Jews in British India, Singapore and China in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The myth of the Sassoons as the ‘Rothschilds of the East’ has, in particular, distorted and enhanced the representation of Baghdadi Jews as wealthy, Anglicized and thoroughly integrated in British social circles. In reality, if we want to unravel the multi-layered history of Baghdadi Jews from India to Japan we must not only analyse in depth the complexities of the westernization process of the Baghdadi upper classes but also reconstruct carefully class divisions within Baghdadi communities. With this aim in mind, this essay will investigate the various strands of identity developed by Baghdadis during their stay in Shanghai and will especially focus on the local allegiances forged between Baghdadi and British settlers, the so-called Shanghailanders. The following pages will, at the same time, delineate the social structure of the Baghdadi community in Shanghai and will indicate that westernized affluent Baghdadis were forced to confront painfully their own ‘other’: destitute vagrant co-religionists who hailed from the Middle East and India and roamed between the various nodes of the Baghdadi diaspora. The period considered in this essay stretches from 1845, the year the first Baghdadi trader set foot in the city, to the middle of the 1930s when large numbers of Jewish refugees from Europe started to flock to Shanghai in search of a safe haven.

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Kowner, Rotem. "Under the Shadow of the Rising Sun: Japan and the Jews during the Holocaust Era". Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs 11, nr 3 (2.09.2017): 441–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23739770.2017.1402247.

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Law, Jane Marie. "Remembering Sugihara, Re-framing Japan in Europe: Holocaust Era Altruism and the Politics of Cultural Memory". Acta Orientalia Vilnensia 7, nr 1-2 (1.01.2006): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/aov.2006.3769.

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Cornell University This paper is a comparison of two museums dedicated to the Japanese diplomat to Lithuania during World War II, Sugihara Chiune. Credited with having written over 6,000 visas to save the lives of Jews fleeing German occupied Poland into Lithuania, Sugihara is regarded in Europe, in Japan, and within the Jewish community as a whole as an altruistic person. This study is not an inquiry into the merits of Sugihara’s action, but rather astudy of how the process of memorializing, narrativizing and celebrating the life of Sugihara in two vastly different museums is part of a larger project of selective cultural memory on the part of various Japanese organizations and institutions. This paper situates the themes of altruism and heroism in the larger process of cultural memory, to see how such themes operate to advance other projects of collective memory. The case of Sugihara is fascinating precisely because the vastly differing processes of cultural memory of the Holocaust―in Lithuania, in Japan, and in a wider post-World War II, post Holocaust Jewish Diaspora each have different ways of constructing, disseminating and consuming narratives of altruism. This paper is based on fieldwork in Kaunas and Vilnius, Lithuania, in 2003, 2004 and again in 2005 and in Japan in 2005.

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Barbasiewicz, Olga, i Agnieszka Pawnik. "The Membership of the Jewish Refugees from Poland in Political Organizations in Wartime Shanghai (1941–1942)". Studia Polityczne 48, nr 3 (21.12.2020): 33–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/stp.2020.48.3.02.

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When in the early 1940s a vast number of war refugees – mainly Jews, reached (via Japan) Shanghai, they got stuck in the city due to the eruptionof the Pacific War. While being mostly Polish citizens, they depended on the diplomatic care of the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Tokyo, led by the Ambassador Tadeusz Romer and after its closure – the Polish Consulate in Shanghai, where the ambassador was moved. The diplomats became engaged in the organisation of refugee groups, livelihoods and visas necessary for their evacuation. The aim of this article is to characterise the political and social groups of Polish citizens, who benefited from the Polish consulate’s help and were therefore registered in the diplomatic records.

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Pekar, Thomas. "Under the Shadow of the Rising Sun: Japan and the Jews during the Holocaust EraMeron Medzini". Holocaust and Genocide Studies 32, nr 2 (2018): 312–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcy034.

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Oshima, Harumi, Eiji Ueno, Isao Saito i Hiroshi Matsumoto. "Development of a Solid-Phase Extraction Method for Determination of Pheophorbide a and Pyropheophorbide a in Health Foods by Liquid Chromatography". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 87, nr 4 (1.07.2004): 937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/87.4.937.

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Abstract A simple solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was developed for the liquid chromatography (LC) determination of pheophorbide (Phor) a and pyropheophorbide (Pyro) a in health foods such as chlorella, spirulina, etc. The food sample was extracted with 85% (v/v) acetone. The extract was acidified with hydrochloric acid and loaded on a C18 cartridge. After washing with water, Phor a and Pyro a were eluted with the LC mobile phase. Phor a and Pyro a were separated by isocratic reversed-phase LC and quantitated by fluorescence detection. The recoveries for spiked samples of chlorella and the extract were 87.1–102.0%. Commercial health foods (chlorella, spirulina, aloe, kale, Jews mallow, and green tea leaves) were analyzed using the SPE method. The values found for Phor a and Pyro a ranged from 2 to 788 μg/g and from <1 to 24 μg/g, respectively. There was no significant difference between the SPE method and the official method in Japan (spectrophotometry after liquid–liquid extraction). The advantages of the SPE method are the short extraction times, lack of emulsions, and reduced consumption of organic solvents compared with the official method in Japan. The SPE method is considered to be useful for the screening of Phor a and Pyro a in health foods.

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Fogel, Joshua A. "Under the Shadow of the Rising Sun: Japan and the Jews during the Holocaust Era by Meron Medzini". Journal of Japanese Studies 44, nr 2 (2018): 496–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jjs.2018.0071.

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Muminov, Sherzod. "Under the Shadow of the Rising Sun: Japan and the Jews during the Holocaust Era, by Meron Medzini". Japan Forum 31, nr 3 (14.07.2017): 434–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09555803.2017.1347802.

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Schilling, Christopher L. "Under the Shadow of the Rising Sun: Japan and the Jews during the Holocaust Era by Meron Medzini". Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 36, nr 3 (2018): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sho.2018.0044.

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Lokshin, Alexander. "Review of: From Europe’s East to the Middle East Israel’s Russian and Polish Lineages Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2021". Oriental Courier, nr 4 (2022): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s268684310023816-5.

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The review considers a collective monograph by several historians from Israel, the USA, Japan, Poland, and Hungary. The book focuses on the analysis of the mutual influence of various political, cultural, and religious processes that took place in the Jewish communities, public sentiments, and the policy of the authorities in Poland, the Russian Empire, and the Soviet Union from the beginning of the 19th to the end of the 20th centuries on the development of Zionism and the Jewish community in Palestine and the socio-political and religious life of the state of Israel, on the one hand, and the Jewish community and the State of Israel on the Jews of the Diaspora in the same countries on the other hand. It is this approach that opens up new perspectives for a better understanding of the ideology of Zionism and various aspects of the life of modern Israel.

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Kittelstrom, Amy. "The International Social Turn: Unity and Brotherhood at the World's Parliament of Religions, Chicago, 1893". Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 19, nr 2 (2009): 243–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.2009.19.2.243.

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AbstractWhen the World's Parliament of Religions convened at the Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 1893, it brought together delegates of Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Islam, and several varieties of Christianity. Recent critics of the event have noted that the overwhelmingly Protestant organizers imposed their own culturally specific views of what constitutes religion on the non-Christian participants. But the guiding refrain of the Parliament—the unity of God and the brotherhood of man—reflects not only the specifically Social Gospel theology of the Protestant organizers but also a much wider consensus on the proper character, scope, and function of religion in a modernizing, globalizing, secularizing world. Buddhists from Japan, Hindus and Jains from India, and Buddhists from Ceylon actively participated in this international turn toward social religion as a way of pursuing their own culturally specific claims of distinct national identity, while Jews and Catholics in the United States equally adeptly claimed ownership of this central rhetoric of social religion in order to penetrate the American cultural mainstream.

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Kim, Dan Yeong, Kyu Hwan Shim, Eva Bagyinszky i Seong Soo A. An. "Prion Mutations in Republic of Republic of Korea, China, and Japan". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, nr 1 (30.12.2022): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010625.

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Prion gene (PRNP) mutations are associated with diverse disease phenotypes, including familiar Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease (CJD), Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker disease (GSS), and fatal familial insomnia (FFI). Interestingly, PRNP mutations have been reported in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson’s disease, and frontotemporal dementia. In this review, we describe prion mutations in Asian countries, including Republic of Republic of Korea, China, and Japan. Clinical phenotypes and imaging data related to these mutations have also been introduced in detail. Several prion mutations are specific to Asians and have rarely been reported in countries outside Asia. For example, PRNP V180I and M232R, which are rare in other countries, are frequently detected in Republic of Korea and Japan. PRNP T188K is common in China, and E200K is significantly more common among Libyan Jews in Israel. The A117V mutation has not been detected in any Asian population, although it is commonly reported among European GSS patients. In addition, V210I or octapeptide insertion is common among European CJD patients, but relatively rare among Asian patients. The reason for these differences may be geographical or ethical isolation. In terms of clinical phenotypes, V180I, P102L, and E200K present diverse clinical symptoms with disease duration, which could be due to other genetic and environmental influences. For example, rs189305274 in the ACO1 gene may be associated with neuroprotective effects in cases of V180I mutation, leading to longer disease survival. Additional neuroprotective variants may be possible in cases featuring the E200K mutation, such as KLKB1, KARS, NRXN2, LAMA3, or CYP4X1. E219K has been suggested to modify the disease course in cases featuring the P102L mutation, as it may result in the absence of prion protein-positive plaques in tissue stained with Congo red. However, these studies analyzed only a few patients and may be too preliminary. The findings need to be verified in studies with larger sample sizes or in other populations. It would be interesting to probe additional genetic factors that cause disease progression or act as neuroprotective factors. Further studies are needed on genetic modifiers working with prions and alterations from mutations.

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Shohat, B., A. Achiron, R. Narinski, I. Kochba, Y. Sidi, S. Sonada, M. Osame i T. Klein. "Possible HLA association with susceptibility to HTLV-1 tropical spastic paraparesis in Israel in Iranian Jews as compared to HTLV 1-associated myelopathy in Japan". Tissue Antigens 48, nr 2 (sierpień 1996): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.1996.tb02618.x.

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Batya, Shohat, Achiron Anat, Narinski Ronit, Kochba Ilan, Sidi Yekezkel, Sonoda Shunro, Osame Mitsuhiro i Klein Tirza. "Possible HLA association with susceptibility to HTLV-1 tropical spastic paraparesis in Israel in Iranian Jews as compared to HTLV-1 associated myelopathy in Japan". Human Immunology 47, nr 1-2 (kwiecień 1996): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-8859(96)85353-5.

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Toyoda, Kuniaki. "RESEARCH WORKS ON JETS IN JAPAN(Keynote Lecture)". Proceedings of the International Conference on Jets, Wakes and Separated Flows (ICJWSF) 2005 (2005): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicjwsf.2005.55.

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Yamashita, Masahiro, Anat Achiron, Tomoyuki Miura, Jun Takehisa, Eiji Ido, Tatsuhiko Igarashi, Kentaro Ibuki i in. "HTL V-I from Iranian Mashhadi Jews in Israel is phylogenetically related to that of Japan, India, and South America rather than to that of Africa and Melanesia". Virus Genes 10, nr 1 (luty 1995): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01724300.

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Terentiev, K. O. "Problems of Сultural Adaptation of European Jewish in Shanghai During World War II". Concept: philosophy, religion, culture, nr 1 (7.07.2020): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2020-1-13-172-180.

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During World War II, the inhumane Nazi policy condemned millions of people to death. The National Socialist ideology having anti-Semitism as one of its pillars was consolidated during Hitler’s tenure in Germany, descending into taking the villainous crimes against humanity for granted. More than 18 thousand European Jewish emigrants arrived in Shanghai in the late 1930’s seeking refuge. No special permission to enter this multinational city was required and the local community provided all assistance to make their adaptation easy. Despite the cultural and linguistic differences between the local community and the refugees, the latter succeeded in adaptation, contributing to the city`s development. Quite quickly a model of adaptation to new political, economic and sociocultural conditions was found. Over time, however, the pressure and volatility of the policy of Japan, which occupied Shanghai in 1937, placed Jews in a difficult, unpredictable and dangerous position. The study reveals the concealed chapter of the history of the Holocaust describing the hardship of the Jewish population forced to emigrate to the other parts of the world to save their own lives from Nazi persecution. The name «Shanghai» has become a synonym of «salvation» for the participants of those events who have always gratefully remembered the hard, but life-saving years spent there. Along with the historical context, the cultural issue is considered in this study based on evaluation of the Jewish refugees’ assimilation in the Asian metropolis, analysis of the crosscultural interaction having arisen in the new communication space and the research on maintenance of the Jewish community’s fundamental values in an unfamiliar environment.

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Netz, Yael, Rebecca Goldsmith, Tal Shimony, Yosefa Ben-Moshe i Aviva Zeev. "Adherence to Physical Activity Recommendations in Older Adults: An Israeli National Survey". Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 19, nr 1 (styczeń 2011): 30–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.19.1.30.

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The trend of extended life expectancy along with a sedentary lifestyle is typical in Western cultures.Objective:To explore adherence to physical activity recommendations in older adults in Israel.Methods:A random sample of 1,536 Jews and 316 Arabs age 65+ were interviewed and divided into sufficiently active, insufficiently active, and inactive groups based on official guidelines.Results:Only 36.4% of the Jewish sector and 19.6% of the Arab sector are sufficiently active. Men are more active than women, the secular are more active than the religious among both Jews and Arabs, and more years of education, a higher income, and fewer diseases and medications are related to higher levels of physical activity.Discussion:To slow down biological age decline with physical activity, intervention programs specifically tailored for culturally diverse groups are suggested—for example, recruiting prominent religious leaders to promote physical activity in religious populations.

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Abdullah, Omar Bin. "Political Power & The Arab Oil Weapon". American Journal of Islam and Society 5, nr 2 (1.12.1988): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v5i2.2720.

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Licklider selected an interesting topic and in spite of the logistical problemsthat face such a study, he has done a remarkable job. His book is a wealthof information and a record on a very contemporary issue.It is history which is still unfolding. The “oil weapon” was a treasurein the Arab arsenal. They used it and realized its worth. The deploymentof the “oil weapon” by the Arabs also showed them how helpless they werealthough they thought the “lifeline” of the industrial world- oil -was undertheir control.Licklider’s book is seemingly weak in many areas because he has hadto depend on personal interview. It is not unusual for politicians and othersto deny statements or remarks made in such conversations. Also, Lickliderappears to be acting as “gatekeeper” by seeming to use only that portion ofthe information he gathered which comfortably satisfies his thesis.The author has included some useful observations. For instance he hasmentioned that Japan apologized to Israel for the Lod Airport incidence andsent a delegation to the Arabs to apologize for apologizing to Israel. Theseand many facts related by Licklider demonstrate now immoral the industrialnations are especially in the case of Britain-the real father of the Zionistentity. But more importantly such happenings reflect the helplessness of theArab countries: they knew that the industrial nations were deploying doublestandards but they swallowed these bitter pills because they did not have anyalternatives.Licklider’s book also brings into focus an important aspect of world politicswhich is that no one can win an argument using a single weapon. The Arabshad but oil to deploy. They did not fathom the reach of the doctored Christianmind that has made people believe in the righteousness of the creation ofa state for the Jews. In fact this belief is so strong that the West considersit a “moral” duty to support this entity without harboring any moral qualmsabout the Palestinians diaspora.The “friendly” and “non-friendly” labels granted to the industrial countriesby the Arabs is another manifestation of their weakness. It is clear fromfacts gathered by Licklider that although the Arabs fired their shot they did ...

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Haliti, Bajram. "Challenging the Nurney Procedure by the Roma national community". Bastina, nr 51 (2020): 363–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bastina30-28830.

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World War II is considered to be the largest and longest bloody conflict in recent history. It began with the German attack on Poland on September 1, 1939. The war lasted six years and ended with the capitulation of Japan on September 2, 1945. The consequences of the war are still present in many countries today. "German, Italian and Japanese fascists waged a war of conquest with the aim of dividing the world and creating a New Order in which it would have economic, political and military domination, establish a rule of terror and violence and destroy all forms of human freedom, dignity and humanism. Only a few thousand Roma in Germany survived the Holocaust and Nazi concentration camps. Trying to rebuild their lives, after losing so many family members and relatives, and after their property was destroyed or confiscated, they faced enormous difficulties. The health of many was destroyed. Although they have been trying to get compensation for that for years, such requests have been constantly denied Based on established facts, eyewitnesses, witnesses, historical and legal documents, during the Second World War, the crime of genocide against Orthodox Serbs, Jews and Roma of all faiths except Islam was committed. The attempt to exterminate the Roma during the Second World War must not be forgotten. There was no justice for the survivors of the post-Hitler era. It is important to note that the trial in Nuremberg did not mention the genocide of the Roma at all. The Nuremberg trial is basically the punishment of the losers by the winners. This is visible even today because these forces rule the world. Innocent victims, primarily Roma, have not received justice, satisfaction or recognition from the world community. The Roma were further humiliated because they were not given a chance to speak about the few surviving witnesses about the victims and the horrors they survived. The Roma for the Nuremberg International Military Court and the Nuremberg judges simply did not exist, which called into question the legal aspect of the process, which has not been corrected to date. The Roma national community is committed to revising history, to reviewing the work of the Nuremberg tribunal.

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Ebara, Takeshi, Yasuyuki Yamada, Naoto Shoji, Yuki Ito, Atsuko Nakagawa, Taishi Miyachi, Yasuhiko Ozaki i in. "Cohort profile: Aichi regional sub-cohort of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS-A)". BMJ Open 9, nr 11 (listopad 2019): e028105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028105.

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PurposeEffects of fetal, perinatal and childhood environment on the health of children at birth and during later life have become a topic of concern. The Aichi regional sub-cohort of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS-A) is an ongoing birth cohort of pregnant women and their children which has been used to provide unique data, as adjunct studies of JECS, on multifaceted potential factors affecting children’s health.ParticipantsThe JECS-A is part of the JECS which follows a total of 100 000 pairs of children and their mothers (fathers’ participation is optional) across 15 regions in Japan. In JECS-A, of the 8134 pregnant women living in Ichinomiya City and Nagoya City, Japan, a total of 5721 pregnant women and their 5554 children were included. Sociodemographic and psychological data as well as biological specimens were collected from the pregnant women and their spouses (if available) in the cohort during their pregnancy. Information on children included in the JECS-A was collected from their mothers and includes demographic, behavioural, childcare, psychological and psychiatric data. Urine extracted from disposable diapers and anthropometric data were also obtained from the children.Findings to dateA similar distribution trend for age at delivery was confirmed between the pregnant women enrolled in the JECS-A and the national statistics of the relevant areas. However, differences in education level and household income were observed. A total of 5502 children remained in the cohort at 18 months after delivery. Compared with the national statistics, the basic demographics of the children in the cohort represented the population in the study areas.Future plansThe enrolled children in the JECS-A will be followed until the age of 13 years. The studies that come from JECS-A will complement JECS and bring novel results with a high level of generalisability.

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Gal-Or, Benjamin. "Expanded R&D by Jet-engine-steering Revolution". International Journal of Turbo & Jet-Engines 34, nr 4 (26.10.2017): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2017-5001.

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Abstract Since 1987 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] the global jet engine community is facing the historical fact that jet engine steering is gradually replacing canards and the common, often dangerous and obsolete, aerodynamic-only flight control – a fact that (i) has already affected the defense-industrial complex in the US, Russia, China, Japan, S-Korea and India, (ii) has integrated the traditional jet-engine components R&D with advanced aero-electro-physics, stealth technology, thrust vectoring aerodynamics and material science. Moreover, this military revolution is historically due to expand into the civil transport jets domain, [6, 7, 8, 9]. The historical aim of the JES-Revolution remains the same: Replace the common, stall-spin sensitive canards [6] and Aerodynamic-Only-Obsolete-Flight Control (“AOOF Control”). Invented about 100 years ago for propeller-driven air vehicles, it has already been partially replaced for failure to function in WVR-combat post-stall domain, and for the following reasons: In comparison with complete Tail-Less, Canard-Less, Stealth-JES (Figure 5 and References [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]), the common AOOF Control increases drag, weight, fuel consumption, complexity, cost, and reduces flight safety, stealth, [Low Detectability] and provides zero post-stall, WVR air combat capability while its CANARDS KILL LD & REDUCE JES. Examples of stealth fighter aircraft that have already replaced canards and AOOF-Control where JES provides at least 64 to 0 KILL-RATIO advantage over AOOF-Controlled conventional fighter aircraft: The U.S. JES F-22 and, apparently, the Russian JES-Su-T-50 & 35S, China 2016-J-31, Indian HAL AMCA & FGFA, Japanese JES IHHI ATD-X, S-Korean JES KF-X. Cf. X-44 in Figure 5. Consequently, the jet engine is no longer defined as providing only brute force forward. Instead, it successfully competes with and wins over the wrong, dominating AOOF-Control, at least as a backup flight control whose sole factual domain is currently a well-established, primary flight controller RE any post-stall, super-agility, [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].

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Krutulys, Titas. "Cultural memory in Lithuanian periodical press during World War II". Lietuvos istorijos studijos 45 (21.07.2020): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lis.2020.45.8.

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During World War II Lithuania was ruled by three completely different political regimes. In the first year Lithuania was authoritarian state ruled by group of nationalists, in 1940 Lithuania was occupied by Soviet Union and in 1941 State was occupied by Nazi Germany. All these political powers was undemocratic and propagated their ideologies. One of the most important aspect of every ideology is to suggest new concept of time. This change of perception of time could be seen in the change of cultural memory. Article try to analyze this change using the most popular Lithuanian periodical press of the period. This research analyzed main historical periods and the most popular themes represented in the main newspapers. Using theories of Anthony D. Smith and Raoul Girardet research showed what historical periods was seen positively and what negatively, what was main historical heroes and enemies; also how foreign history was represented in the periodical press. The quantitative content analysis showed that while representations of history in the so called independent Lithuania and in Lithuania occupied by Nazis was quite similar, historical representations during first Soviet occupation was unique. Qualitative content analysis showed that there was three very different paradigms of cultural memories, represented in periodical press. Lithuanian nationalist mostly tried to promote Lithuanian medieval times and especially Lithuanian dukes and historical capital Vilnius, also they tried to justify their politics creating myth of great welfare during their rule. They praised Soviet history, criticized Poland and poles, but wrote about most of the countries quite neutral. During Soviet occupation all Lithuanian history was harshly criticized and showed as negative times, this regime promoted only few Lithuanian heroes who died young or was known for their left wing politics. Main historical past represented in the newspapers was history of Soviet Union, other countries was ignored. Main enemies of Soviets was Lithuanian gentry, and Lithuanian rulers of the past. During Nazi occupation there was more Lithuanian national history than German history, but the main appreciable historical periods was Lithuanian prehistory and the 19th Century. Regime promoted history of Lithuanian culture and language, but tried to ignore Lithuanian state. Foreign history was mostly binary – propaganda criticized Soviet Union as well as Tsarist Russia, USA and United Kingdom, but appreciated history of Italy, Japan, Finland, Turkey, Spain etc. Main historical enemies were of course Bolsheviks and Jews.

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Khairul Zahreen Mohd Arof. "Addressing Challenges in Bridging Japanese Research Culture with Malaysian Higher Education for Postgraduates Studies". Journal of Electrical Systems 20, nr 5s (13.04.2024): 630–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.2284.

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This research article examines the challenges in bridging Japanese research culture with the Malaysian higher education system, specifically focusing on postgraduate studies. It investigates various aspects, including research practices, institutional frameworks, mentor-student relationships, collaboration patterns, funding mechanisms, and publication norms. The investigation is done via literature review and interviews with 25 subject matter experts. This research found that Japanese research practices emphasise meticulous methodologies, while Malaysian practices prioritise local challenges. Institutional frameworks in both countries highlight academic excellence, with Japan emphasising hierarchy and Malaysia emphasising collaboration. Mentor-student relationships in Japan tend to be hierarchical, whereas, in Malaysia, they are more egalitarian. Collaboration is valued in both countries, with Japan emphasising interdisciplinary projects and industry partnerships. Funding mechanisms differ, with Japan benefiting from larger budgets and established agencies. Both countries recognise reputable journals, but Malaysia also values local publications.

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Nabeshima, Takeshi, Hyunh Thi Kim Loan, Shingo Inoue, Makoto Sumiyoshi, Yasuhiro Haruta, Phan Thi Nga, Vu Thi Que Huoung, Maria del Carmen Parquet, Futoshi Hasebe i Kouichi Morita. "Evidence of frequent introductions of Japanese encephalitis virus from south-east Asia and continental east Asia to Japan". Journal of General Virology 90, nr 4 (1.04.2009): 827–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.007617-0.

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The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) circulating in Japan consists of viruses with multiple phylogenetic origins. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that some JEV strains have recently migrated from south-east and continental east Asian countries. One phylogenetic subcluster of the JEV strains circulating in Japan was closely related to viruses isolated in Vietnam and China's inland region while other JEV subclusters were related to viruses isolated in Shanghai, China. One virus subcluster, however, was isolated solely in Japan and was not found in any other Asian country. Therefore, our data suggests that the JEVs that have remained or are circulating in Japan include a mixture of viruses that have previously migrated from south-east and continental east Asian countries.

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Alidadi, Nasser, Mohammad R. Mokhber Dezfouli, Mohammad Gholi Nadalian, Ali Rezakhani i Iradj Nouroozian. "Simarouba poisoning in horses in Japan". Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 22, nr 5 (maj 2002): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jevs.2002.34300j.

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Wang, Dingqi, Tengfei Xu, Guohong Fang, Shumin Jiang, Guanlin Wang, Zexun Wei i Yonggang Wang. "Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves in the Japan/East Sea". Remote Sensing 14, nr 4 (15.02.2022): 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14040936.

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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are prolonged discrete events of anomalously warm seawater observed around the world. The occurrence of MHWs in the Japan/East Sea (JES), a middle latitude marginal sea with abundant aquatic resources, has severe impacts on marine ecosystems and human society. We used satellite remote sensing products spanning 1982–2020 to investigate the mean states and variations of JES MHWs. The results show that the JES MHWs occurred twice per year. More than 40% of the MHWs were shorter than the mean duration of 12.6 days and weaker than the mean intensity of 2.4 °C. Frequent MHWs were observed in August, while high mean intensities were observed in winter and spring in the western JES. In recent years, the area’s averaged yearly sum of MHW intensity in the JES has increased dramatically, with a positive trend of 29.62 °C days per decade—over twice the average global trend (12.37 °C days per decade), which is further confirmed by its first empirical orthogonal function mode. The strengthening trend in MHWs may be explained by oceanic dynamics rather than atmospheric forcing, and may result in increased surface latent heat flux from the ocean to the atmosphere.

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Michaut, C., C. D. Gregory, B. Loupias, E. Falize, A. Ravasio, A. Dizière, T. Vinci, M. Koenig i S. Bouquet. "Astrophysical outflows simulated by laser-driven plasma jets". Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S275 (wrzesień 2010): 402–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310016480.

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AbstractWithin the framework of laboratory astrophysics, we form a qualified multidisciplinary group in radiative hydrodynamics. Since 10 years, we have developed laboratory experiments as radiative shocks and plasma jets in connection to astrophysics. Such laboratory experiments provide a unique opportunity to validate models and numerical schemes introduced in radiative hydrodynamics codes. Here we summarize our experimental researches about plasma jets. Laboratory astrophysical experiments have been performed using LULI2000 (France), VULCAN (UK) and GEKKO XII (Japan) intense lasers. The goal of these experiments is to investigate some of the complex features of jets from Young Stellar Objects (YSO), and in particular its interaction with the interstellar medium (ISM).

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Kida, Shinichiro, Humio Mitsudera, Shigeru Aoki, Xinyu Guo, Shin-ichi Ito, Fumiaki Kobashi, Nobumasa Komori i in. "Oceanic fronts and jets around Japan: a review". Journal of Oceanography 71, nr 5 (8.04.2015): 469–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0283-7.

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Yang, Limin, Miori Sato, Mayako Saito-Abe, Yumiko Miyaji, Chikako Sato, Minaho Nishizato, Natsuhiko Kumasaka, Hidetoshi Mezawa, Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada i Yukihiro Ohya. "Smoking Exposure Is Associated with Serum Vitamin D Deficiency in Children: Evidence from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study". Nutrients 14, nr 15 (29.07.2022): 3121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14153121.

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Tobacco smoke exposure is known to lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. This study evaluated the association between passive smoking and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in young children using data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS), the largest birth cohort study in Japan. Information on parental smoking status was extracted from a survey of JECS for children aged 1.5 years and data for serum 25(OH)D concentrations were obtained from blood tests in the Sub-Cohort Study of JECS performed at age 2 years. Logistic regression and linear models were fitted to evaluate the association between these variables. Data were analyzed for 4593 children. After adjusting for covariates, smoke exposure was significantly associated with increased incidence of VDD (OR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.14–1.59) according to the logistic model. The linear model indicated that passive smoking negatively predicted de-seasonalized serum 25(OH)D concentrations (β −0.5; 95% CI −0.95 to −0.08) in children aged 2 years. The results suggest that smoke exposure is a risk factor for VDD in children. Given that VD plays a crucial role in bone metabolism and the immune system, our findings are significant for clinical and public health.

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Ramseyer, J. Mark. "Nuclear Power and the Mob: Extortion in Japan". Journal of Empirical Legal Studies 13, nr 3 (8.08.2016): 487–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jels.12122.

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Toh, Yasushi, Yoji Inoue, Masayo Hayakawa, Chikako Yamaki, Hiroya Takeuchi, Masaichi Ohira, Hisahiro Matsubara, Yuichiro Doki, Fumihiko Wakao i Tomoko Takayama. "Creation and provision of a question and answer resource for esophageal cancer based on medical professionals’ reports of patients’ and families’ views and preferences". Esophagus 18, nr 4 (24.06.2021): 872–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10388-021-00857-7.

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Abstract Background In the rapidly-progressing healthcare environment, it is essential to improve treatment quality through continuous clarification of the needs and concerns of esophageal cancer patients and their families. Effective collaboration between information providers and academic associations could help make such clarified information available. Methods We analyzed esophageal cancer patients’ views and preferences (PVPs) using data that were previously obtained from medical staff in Japan. Based on these PVPs, we created a question and answer (Q&A) resource through collaboration with the Cancer Information Service in Japan (CISJ) and the Japan Esophageal Society (JES). Results Regarding esophageal cancer, “diet and eating behavior” was the most frequent PVP mentioned by patients and their families, followed by “treatment-related symptoms and adverse effects” and “daily life, recuperation, and survivorship.” These PVPs were noted by a wide variety of medical specialties. By analyzing the PVPs, the CISJ developed 11 proposed questions and sent them to the JES, which then created answers based on evidence and clinical–practice-associated consensus. The resultant Q&A resource was uploaded to the CISJ website with mutual linkage to the JES website. Conclusions This study showed the usefulness of collecting esophageal–cancer-related PVPs from medical staff and fostering successful collaboration between a cancer-information provider and an academic association. This arrangement may represent a model case for developing a sustainable system that can satisfactorily respond to PVPs regarding other cancers and/or issues.

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Bee Yun Jo. "US-Japan Defense Alliance in the Production of Next-generation Fighter-jets in Japan". Korean Journal of Military Art and Science 74, nr 3 (październik 2018): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31066/kjmas.2018.74.3.001.

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Tishchenko, Pavel, Vyacheslav Lobanov, Dmitry Kaplunenko, Sergey Sagalaev i Petr Tishchenko. "Acidification and Deoxygenation of the Northwestern Japan/East Sea". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, nr 9 (1.09.2021): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9090953.

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Seasonal hypoxia in the bottom waters of the Peter the Great Bay (PGB) of the Japan/East Sea (JES) occurs in summer. Using the empirical relationship between dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH obtained for hypoxic conditions and available historical DO data, acidification rates were estimated. Carefully sampled time-series observations from the northwestern part of the JES, carried out from 1999 to 2014 along the 132°20′ E and 134°00′ E longitudes, were chosen to determine the interannual variability of the sea’s hydrochemical parameters (DO, pH, and TA—the total alkalinity phosphates, nitrate, and silicates). To limit the effects of seasonal and spatial variability, only data obtained in the warm period were used. Additionally, all data from depths shallower than 500 m were discarded because they are affected by high natural variability, mostly due to strong mesoscale dynamic structures. Our results demonstrated that the pH and DO concentrations measured in the Upper Japan Sea Proper Water (750 m), Lower Japan Sea Proper Water (1250, 1750, 2250 m), and Bottom Water (3000 m) have been decreasing in recent years. On the other hand, calculated normalized dissolved inorganic carbon (NDIC), CO2 partial pressure (pCO2), and measured nutrient concentrations have been increasing. Maximum rates of acidification and deoxygenation are occurring at around 750 m. The annual rate of increase of pCO2 in the water exceeds the atmospheric rate more than 2-fold at a depth of 750 m. The observed variability of the hydrochemical properties can be explained by the combination of the slowdown ventilation of the vertical water column and eutrophication. However, the results obtained here are valid for the subpolar region of the JES, not for the whole sea. The synchronization of the deoxygenation of the open part of the JES and PGB has been found.

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H.Khaleefa, Omar. "Psychology in Japan: The Scientific Establishment and Harmonious Indigenization". Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences 01, nr 01 (1.01.2000): 48–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/jeps/010102.

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Nagao, Masafumi, Keiko Kuji-Shikatani i Arnold J. Love. "Preparing School Evaluators: Hiroshima Pilot Test of the Japan Evaluation Society’s Accreditation Project". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 20, nr 2 (wrzesień 2005): 125–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.20.007.

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Abstract: This article reports on the efforts of the Japan Evaluation Society (JES), in collaboration with the Canadian Evaluation Society, to develop and pilot test an accreditation and certification scheme for school evaluators. The purpose of the JES accreditation model is to support evaluation capacity building and promote high quality evaluation by developing functional evaluation competencies. The article describes the theory and practice of the JES approach to evaluation training and accreditation, including its overall rationale, the influence of Japan’s socio-political context, the content of the school evaluator training program, and the findings of the initial “test of concept” pilot test in Hiroshima. Based on a six-month follow-up evaluation, the article also provides an assessment of the acceptance, early results, and potential sustainability of the evaluator training program. These findings have encouraged the JES to establish the accreditation scheme for school evaluation, followed by a similar system for the evaluation of international development assistance programs and government policy evaluation. The development of the JES accreditation scheme should be of interest to other evaluation societies and also to public/nonprofit organizations that must use brief training courses or evaluation “toolkits” for building evaluation competencies quickly among staff.

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Ramseyer, J. Mark. "Litigation and Social Capital: Divorces and Traffic Accidents in Japan". Journal of Empirical Legal Studies 11, nr 1 (17.01.2014): 39–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jels.12034.

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Khairul Zahreen Mohd Arof. "Exploring the Dynamics of Japanese Research Culture: A Case Study on Postgraduate Studies". Journal of Electrical Systems 20, nr 5s (13.04.2024): 578–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.2274.

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The research culture in Japan shapes the country's academic landscape and scientific output quality. This study examines the unique characteristics and challenges of Japanese research culture among postgraduate studies by exploring research practices, institutional frameworks, mentor-student relationships, collaboration patterns, publication norms, and funding mechanisms. The findings contribute to existing knowledge, inform policymakers and educators, and emphasize the importance of understanding Japanese research culture for fostering collaboration, interdisciplinary research, and international engagement. The case study approach, with interviews from subject matter experts, provides in-depth insights and acknowledges limitations while adhering to ethical guidelines. The research highlights the prioritization of precision and fundamental research, supported by institutional frameworks, collaborative environments, and publication norms that value timely dissemination of research outcomes. These insights offer a comprehensive understanding of Japanese research culture and serve as a foundation for future initiatives aimed at enhancing research practices both in Japan and globally.

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Okada, Yoshimi, Yusuke Naito i Sadao Nagaoka. "Making the patent scope consistent with the invention: Evidence from Japan". Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 27, nr 3 (31.07.2018): 607–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jems.12266.

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Ko, Min-Chang. "Functional Integration and FTA of Korea-China-Japan". Journal of Economic Studies 38, nr 1 (28.02.2020): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.30776/jes.38.1.5.

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Osman, T. "Low-carbon City Inventory Method for the Local Scale". Journal of Engineering Sciences 7, nr 2 (2020): H10—H14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jes.2020.7(2).h2.

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Greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory has played a fundamental role in providing scientific political-making evidence in mitigation. For a particular case study, Japan offers a positive performance in reducing GHG emissions since an early age, and the GHG Inventory Office of Japan was established in 2002 and is making efforts on publishing both “National GHGs Inventory Report of Japan” and “GHGs Emissions Data of Japan” annually. This paper covers local Japanese inventory development from a global range to a domestic level and offers its general reporting criteria nationwide. Furthermore, through a case study of recalculating 2010 Saga Prefecture’s GHG emission, local inventory methodology is investigated in six GHGs (including CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC, PFC, and SF6) and forestry sectors. In this section, recalculating methodologies, especially regarding calculated fields and basic formulations categorized by GHG types, are introduced in detail. Then, it provides limitations and improvements of the inventory reformation. Further, future research directions are discussed as well. This research exhibits an inventory method at the local scale and offers its improvements by the author to provide some experiences and lessons for the research and mitigation policy-making practices in other parts of the world.

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Lima, Luiz, Claudio Foffano Vasconcelos, Jose Simão i Helder Ferreira de Mendonça. "The quantitative easing effect on the stock market of the USA, the UK and Japan". Journal of Economic Studies 43, nr 6 (14.11.2016): 1006–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-05-2015-0081.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze if the unconventional monetary policy, known as quantitative easing (QE) practiced by central banks in the USA, the UK, and Japan was effective to increase the market share after subprime crisis. Design/methodology/approach In order to analyze the effect of the QE on the stock markets of the USA, the UK, and Japan, the authors use an ARDL model to find the long-run relationship among the variables. Findings The findings denote that the QE implemented by the central banks in the USA, Japan, and the UK had a positive impact on their stock markets. Originality/value The results of the paper give some new insights about the conduction of monetary policy when the interest rates are close to zero.

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Roy, Rahul, i Santhakumar Shijin. "The nexus of asset pricing, volatility and the business cycle". Journal of Economic Studies 48, nr 1 (4.05.2020): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-08-2019-0357.

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PurposeThe purpose of the study is to examine the dynamics in the troika of asset pricing, volatility, and the business cycle in the US and Japan.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a six-factor asset pricing model to derive the realized volatility measure for the GARCH-type models.FindingsThe comprehensive empirical investigation led to the following conclusion. First, the results infer that the market portfolio and human capital are the primary discounting factors in asset return predictability during various phases of the subprime crisis phenomenon for the US and Japan. Second, the empirical estimates neither show any significant impact of past conditional volatility on the current conditional volatility nor any significant effect of subprime crisis episodes on the current conditional volatility in the US and Japan. Third, there is no asymmetric volatility effect during the subprime crisis phenomenon in the US and Japan except the asymmetric volatility effect during the post-subprime crisis period in the US and full period in Japan. Fourth, the volatility persistence is relatively higher during the subprime crisis period in the US, whereas during the subprime crisis transition period in Japan than the rest of the phases of the subprime crisis phenomenon.Originality/valueThe study argues that the empirical investigations that employed the autoregressive method to derive the realized volatility measure for the parameter estimation of GARCH-type models may result in incurring spurious estimates. Further, the empirical results of the study show that using the six-factor asset pricing model in an intertemporal framework to derive the realized volatility measure yields better estimation results while estimating the parameters of GARCH-type models.

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Tanaka, Lidia L., Syuhei Ban i Michio Kumagai. "Spring ammonium maximum in the mid-depth layer of Lake Biwa, Japan". Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science 8, nr 5 (listopad 2013): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jees.2013.0052.

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Ramseyer, J. Mark. "The Fable of Land Reform: Leases and Credit Markets in Occupied Japan". Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 24, nr 4 (październik 2015): 934–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jems.12110.

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Isoguchi, Osamu, i Hiroshi Kawamura. "Coastal Wind Jets Flowing into the Tsushima Strait and Their Effect on Wind-Wave Development". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, nr 2 (1.02.2007): 564–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3858.1.

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Abstract Coastal wind jets that flow into the Tsushima Strait, Japan, and their effects on wind waves are investigated using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and altimeter-derived wind and waves. The coastal wind jets appear in 7 of 28 SAR-derived wind fields under the conditions of ambient southeasterly winds. Atmospheric conditions corresponding to the appearance of the coastal wind jets are examined by a high-resolution atmospheric community model, which indicates that stratified flows are influenced by the land topography and then pass through the strait forming low-level jet flows. Sensitivity experiments reveal that easterly to southerly stratified flows are a necessary condition for a jet’s formation and the degree of its enhancement is mostly controlled by the Froude number of the upstream flows. Atmospheric conditions in which the SAR observed the coastal jets meet the model-derived necessary conditions, which corroborate the validity of the model simulation and the jet’s formation mechanism. Next, the authors present a case study concerning effects of the coastal jets on wind-wave development by using altimeter-derived wind speed and significant wave height (SWH). Both profiles show similar convex spatial distribution within the wind jet range. The nondimensional SWH and fetch indicate agreements with the empirical fetch graph formula, suggesting that the wind waves are locally developed by the coastal jet. Through investigation of ship-based climatological data, it is found that the coastal jets occur frequently in midsummer due to prevailing southeasterly flows, which is accounted for by the seasonal evolution of the Asian summer monsoon.

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Taniguchi, Yu, Shin Yamazaki, Shoji F. Nakayama, Makiko Sekiyama, Takehiro Michikawa, Tomohiko Isobe, Miyuki Iwai-Shimada, Yayoi Kobayashi, Mai Takagi i Michihiro Kamijima. "Baseline Complete Blood Count and Chemistry Panel Profile from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 6 (10.03.2022): 3277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063277.

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Background: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) is a nationwide birth cohort study of environmental factors affecting children’s health and development. We summarize the complete blood count and chemistry panel statistical data from pregnant women enrolled in JECS. Methods: Statistical data of up to 58,056 mother’s sample in their first (gestational age ≤ 13 weeks) and second trimester (22–27 weeks) were calculated. Results: Mean (SD) values in the first trimester were: white blood cell count, 7866 (1906)/μL; red blood cell count, 417 (33) 104/μL; hemoglobin, 12.4 (1.0) g/dL; hematocrit, 37.1 (2.6)%; mean corpuscular volume, 89.2 (4.7) fL; mean corpuscular hemoglobin, 29.8 (1.9) pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, 33.3 (0.9)%; platelet count, 24.8 (5.2) 104/μL; HbA1c, 5.26 (0.26)%; total cholesterol, 181 (28) mg/dL; low density lipoprotein cholesterol, 95 (23) mg/dL; high density lipoprotein cholesterol, 73 (13) mg/dL; free cholesterol, 41 (7) mg/dL; triglycerides, 109 (47) mg/dL; total protein, 6.9 (0.4) g/dL; and albumin, 4.1 (0.2) g/dL. Mean values (SD) in the second trimester were: total cholesterol, 246 (38) mg/dL; free cholesterol, 61 (9) mg/dL; triglycerides, 183 (70) mg/dL; total protein, 6.5 (0.4) g/dL; and albumin, 3.6 (0.2) g/dL. Conclusions: These data will be useful for future JECS studies.

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TAKAHASHI, Toshiyuki, Masaaki KITAMURA, Yuka ENDO, Daisuke ETO, Osamu AOKI, Ryo KUSUNOSE, Toyohiko YOSHIHARA i Makoto KAI. "An Outbreak of Stringhalt Resembling Australian Stringhalt in Japan". Journal of Equine Science 13, nr 3 (2002): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1294/jes.13.93.

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SASAKI, Naoki, Yui IMAMURA, Akio SEKIYA, Megumi ITOH i Hidefumi FURUOKA. "Four cases of equine motor neuron disease in Japan". Journal of Equine Science 27, nr 3 (2016): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1294/jes.27.119.

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