Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Jamaica”
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Saner, Raymond, i Lichia Yiu. "Jamaica’s development of women entrepreneurship: challenges and opportunities". Public Administration and Policy 22, nr 2 (2.12.2019): 152–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pap-09-2019-0023.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess how far Jamaica has come regarding women economic empowerment, female entrepreneurship and its development policies in favour of women entrepreneurship development. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory study employs a mixed method approach to achieve its research objectives, consisting of literature review and corroboration with existing database and indices. Key insights of research on female entrepreneurship are used to reflect on published data to assess progress of female entrepreneurship development in Jamaica. The 2017 editions of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Gender Entrepreneurship and Development Index were examined to gain a better understanding of how the Jamaican business environment has progressed or regressed over time and how the economic development and business environment impact female participation in Jamaica’s labour force and entrepreneurial initiatives. Findings The economic conditions in Jamaica and the role of females as domestic caregiver have made it difficult for women to enter the labour force even though Jamaican women are relatively better educated than men. Women remain at a disadvantage in the labour force. Jamaica’s legislation and budget allocations in favour of female entrepreneurship are analysed to identify where and how Jamaica is investing its efforts to improve women’s participation in the labour force. The authors conclude with suggestions on how the Jamaican government could facilitate further women entrepreneurship development to reach a more gender balanced inclusive socio-economic development. Originality/value While global policy has been promoting women empowerment through entrepreneurial development, little is known on the actual outcome of such human capital investment strategy and the critical vectors that contribute to such outcome. This scarcity of knowledge is also applicable to Jamaica. This paper attempts to contribute to women entrepreneurship research by reaching beyond the output-oriented perspective of various skill development programmes and attempts to link policy choice with overall macro results of entrepreneurship development in general and women entrepreneurship development in specific. The study thus provides a rare glimpse of the entrepreneurship ecosystem in Jamaica.
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Donovan, S. K., i S. J. Wood. "Lucas Barrett's collection: Jamaican echinoids hiding amongst British immigrants". Geological Curator 6, nr 3 (marzec 1995): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc501.
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The collection of Lucas Barrett (1837-1862), first director of the Geological Survey of Jamaica, is housed in the Geology Museum at the University of the West Indies, Mona, and includes nine tests of spatangoid Hemiaster sp. These most probably come from the Upper Cretaceous of the Blue Mountain Inlier in eastern Jamaica. These fossils provide additional data on the echinoid fauna of Jamaica's most inaccessible inlier; they preserve some fine morphological features rarely seen in specimens of this species; and they represent the first 19th century collection of Jamaican fossil echinoids to be re-evaluated in the 20th century.
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Chin, Matthew. "Constructing “Gaydren”". Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 23, nr 2 (1.07.2019): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-7703253.
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Drawing from the work of Jamaica’s Gay Freedom Movement (1977–84), this essay uses the term gaydren to consider the basis for activism around same-sex desire in Jamaica in the 1970s and 1980s. Gaydren is a combination of gay, a North Atlantic reference to subjects of same-sex desire, and bredren, a word initially constructed in Rastafarian lexicon as a masculinist expression of collective solidarity. Examining the construction of gaydren highlights the cultural work of Jamaican activists as they transform North Atlantic political discourses to align with the particular contingencies of sexual politics in Jamaica. As a form of political practice, gaydren challenges normative configurations of bredren and gay that emerge from political contexts that oppose white imperial domination to consider more nuanced approaches to both Jamaican and North Atlantic cultural influences.
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Manley, Elizabeth S. "Runway Hospitality: Air Jamaica's “Rare Tropical Birds” and the Embodied Gender and Race Politics of Tourism, 1966–1980". Hispanic American Historical Review 102, nr 2 (1.05.2022): 285–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-9653504.
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Abstract Launched in 1966, Jamaica's national airline, Air Jamaica, exclusively employed women flight attendants, dubbed “rare tropical birds,” to embody and sell its elevated hospitality. Using Air Jamaica and its flight attendants as a lens on tourism across the region, this article demonstrates how, at midcentury, the industry was a complicated and contradictory mix of optimistic visions of advancement and problematic projections of creolized citizenship, all embedded in an imagery of a consumable Caribbean island paradise. The article interrogates the critical role that Air Jamaica's flight attendants and other women played in selling a harmonious Jamaicanness and idealized island fantasy to global North travelers, particularly in contrast to the larger national project of democratic socialist reform under Michael Manley. Despite efforts to put the tourism industry back into Jamaican hands, the act of trading on a romanticized racial hybridity and gendered, exoticized servility is inextricable from the story of tourism development in Jamaica and the region and points to the many contradictions entrenched (and persistent) in the industry.
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McFarlane, Donald A. "Cave bats in Jamaica". Oryx 20, nr 1 (styczeń 1986): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300025874.
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Jamaica has 22 native mammal species. One of these is an endangered rodent, the Jamaican hutia Geocapromys browni; the rest are all bats. Fifteen of these bats depend entirely or significantly on caves as roost sites, including two endemic species and seven endemic subspecies. These cave-dwelling bats often form large colonies whose guano deposits are of significant economic value as fertilizer, but which are vulnerable to disturbance and roost destruction. The author, who has visited and worked in many of Jamaica's bat caves over the past eight years, is currently researching the evolution and development of the Antillean bat faunas.
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Harris, Sasekea Yoneka. "Covid-19 impact on the Caribbean academic library: Jamaica's preliminary response to people, place, product and services". Library Management 42, nr 6-7 (9.02.2021): 340–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-10-2020-0144.
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PurposeThis paper examined the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on people, place, product and services in Jamaican academic libraries. It also compares the Jamaican academic library’s COVID-19 experience with US academic library’s COVID-19 preliminary experience.Design/methodology/approachThe local academic libraries in higher education in Jamaica (also referred to in this paper as university libraries) were surveyed.FindingsGovernment mandates, university mandates and the absence of a vaccine influenced academic library response. The measures implemented, though unplanned and developed on-the-go, constituted a behavioural change model (BCM). COVID-19 has had a positive-negative impact on library people, place, product and services and has created a new normal for Jamaican academic libraries.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper captures the preliminary response of Jamaican academic libraries to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on library people, place, product and services. As such, a follow-up survey on changes, challenges, strengths, impact, lessons and plans would be a useful complement to this paper. As COVID-19 information is rapidly evolving, this preliminary response of Jamaica is neither the final nor complete response to the pandemic.Practical implicationsThe COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a gap in the literature on disaster management generally and pandemic management in particular, and on the management of health disasters in academic libraries; this paper seeks to fill this gap, albeit incrementally, through Jamaica's preliminary response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Originality/valueThis paper gives voice to the Caribbean academic library’s COVID-19 experience, through the voice of Jamaica. It is the first scholarly paper on the impact of COVID-19 on university libraries in the Jamaican / English-speaking Caribbean, and so presents the elements of the BCM implemented by Jamaica, which provides an important guide to Caribbean academic library leaders. The findings can also inform the Latin American and Caribbean section of international library papers on COVID-19 impact on academic libraries globally.
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Chin, Matthew. "Antihomosexuality and Nationalist Critique in Late Colonial Jamaica". Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, nr 3 (1.11.2020): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749794.
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This essay examines discourses of homosexuality in late colonial Jamaica through an analysis of the 1951 Police Enquiry, which leveraged accusations of homosexuality among Jamaica’s foreign police officers as a key component of its investigative work. With information from Jamaican state records, news media, literature, and social science studies, the essay argues that the inquiry mobilized divergent discourses of homosexuality across the Atlantic to enact an anticolonial nationalist form of sexual regulation. The inquiry drew not only from Jamaican figurations of homosexuality as the preserve of wealthy white foreign men but also from the Wolfenden Committee proceedings that led to the decriminalization of homosexuality in England and from the “Lavender Scare” that purged homosexuals from federal government employment in the United States. Despite its failing to reform Jamaica’s police force, the inquiry nevertheless foregrounds how sexual regulation operates through the interconnected workings of race, class, gender, and nation.
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Sinclair-Maragh, Gaunette. "Air Jamaica … more than a national airline". Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 1, nr 1 (1.01.2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621111110627.
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Subject area Hospitality and tourism management; strategic management; marketing, transportation system management and human resource management. Study level/applicability Undergraduate in business and management and hospitality and tourism management. Case overview This teaching case outlines the historical background, successes and challenges of the national airline of Jamaica. It shows how a national airline, which is a heritage asset and one that has provided nostalgic and sentimental value to the Jamaican people and its passengers, had to be divested. The airline has been faced with several challenges; the major one being high-operating costs, especially in light of the global economic recession. The case also highlights the various procedures carried out by the Government of Jamaica before and after the divestment arrangement and also by the acquirer, Caribbean Airlines. Expected learning outcomes The student should be able to: first, differentiate among the various strategic management terms and concepts used in the case; second, explain the importance of strategic decisions versus emotional decisions; third, assess the environmental factors that impacted Air Jamaica's operation; fourth, analyse the environmental factors that should have been considered by Caribbean Airlines before making the decision to acquire Air Jamaica; fifth, carry out a comparative analysis of the various corporate-level strategies to identify the best option for the Government of Jamaica; sixth, propose reasons why Caribbean Airlines acquired Air Jamaica. Supplementary materials Teaching note.
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Radzikowski, Łukasz. "Dancehall w Polsce i na Jamajce - analiza porównawcza twórczości artystycznej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem warstwy słownej". Zoon Politikon 12 (18.02.2022): 214–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543408xzop.21.008.15377.
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Głównym celem artykułu jest zapoznanie czytelnika z historią i różnicami pomiędzy muzyką oraz kulturą dancehall na Jamajce i w Polsce. Dodatkowym zadaniem jest ustalenie, jak kształtuje się tożsamość polskich twórców dancehallu. W artykule zestawiono dostępne badania wyróżniające główne motywy słowne jamajskiego dancehallu z analizą tekstów polskich utworów tego gatunku. Analiza pokazuje, że istnieją znaczące różnice pomiędzy praktykowaniem dancehallu w Polsce a na Jamajce. Szczególną odmienność widać w tekstach utworów. Tożsamość polskiego twórcy dancehallu wydaje się z kolei być niejasna i trudna do zdefiniowania. DANCEHALL IN POLAND AND JAMAICA – A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ARTISTIC CREATION WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE LYRICAL CONTENT The main objective of this article is to familiarize the reader with the history and differences between dancehall music and culture in Jamaica and Poland. An additional task is to determine the identity of Polish dancehall artists. The article compares the available research distinguishing the main lyrical themes of the Jamaican dancehall with the analysis of Polish lyrics of this genre. The analysis shows that there are significant differences between practicing dancehall in Poland and in Jamaica. A particular difference can be seen in the lyrics of the songs. The identity of the Polish dancehall creator seems to be unclear and difficult to define.
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Lawrence, O’Neil. "Through Archie Lindo’s Lens". Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, nr 3 (1.11.2020): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749830.
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The “creation” of Jamaican national identity owed much to the artistic movement that preceded and followed independence in 1962. While depictions of the peasantry, particularly male laborers, have become iconic representations of “true” Jamaicans, the scholarship surrounding these works has conspicuously ignored any erotic potential inherent in them. Using the contemporaneous, mostly private homoerotic photographic archive of Archie Lindo as a point of entry, this essay questions and complicates the narrative surrounding nationalist-era art in Jamaica, particularly the ways the black male body was mobilized in the development of Jamaican art and visual culture.
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Cooper, Carolyn. "(W)uman Tong(ue): Writing a Bilingual Newspaper Column in “Postcolonial” Jamaica". Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 27, nr 3 (1.11.2023): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-10899204.
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The cantankerous public discourse generated by the author’s bilingual newspaper columns published in the Jamaica Observer (May 1993 to January 1998) and the Jamaica Gleaner (March 2013 to the present) illustrates the conservative, neocolonial language ideology that still prevails in Jamaica. The essay demonstrates how contestations around national identity are articulated in a repressive language of moral authority. Speakers of “good” (English) and “bad” (Jamaican) language varieties become embattled in a struggle for the control of public terrain. The essay concludes that the “bilingual” model of Jamaican/English language identity has very little currency in a society that still privileges the “command” of English as a sign of the intellectual abilities of its habitual speakers/writers and that disparages competence in Jamaican as a marker of intellectual deficiency. Nevertheless, the author sees hopeful signs that the Jamaican language is gradually gaining national prominence.
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Bourne, Paul Andrew, Caroline McLean, Vincent M. S. Peterkin, James Fallah i Clifton Foster. "The Public’s Perception of the Operating Standards of the Jamaica Defence Force (JDF): A Quantitative Inquiry". International Journal of Social Service and Research 3, nr 5 (13.05.2023): 1092–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v3i5.361.
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Introduction: The Jamaica Defence Force (JDF), a military organization, collaborates with the Jamaica Constabulary Force (JCF) to police society. The widespread and frequent engagement of the JDF in a paramilitary role results in regular interaction with the public. No existing studies in the current literature have examined the public’s perception of the operating standards of the JDF. Objective: This study seeks to evaluate and explore the JDF from an operational standpoint. The Operations Management Theory (OMT) is used to examine whether the public’s perception of the operating standards of the JDF has changed in the last decade (2012 -2022). Methods and materials: This research employed a national cross-sectional web-based descriptive research design. Data collection occurred from July 13, 2022, to August 11, 2022. Using the 2019 population of Jamaica obtained from the Statistical Institute of Jamaica, with a 3.4% margin of error and 95% confidence interval, the calculated sample size is 831 resident Jamaicans. The response rate was 82.1% (n=762). Findings: The majority of the sampled respondents were Jamaicans (97.1%, n=766), resided in Jamaica (88.9%, n=700), females (59.6%, n=472), and resided in Manchester (19.2%, 150). Of the Jamaicans (n=764), 89.3% (n=682) of them reside in Jamaica compared to 10.7% (n=82) reside outside. Furthermore, 89.3% of Jamaicans resided in Jamaica compared to 77.3% of non-Jamaicans (?2 (1) = 3.125, P = 0.077). The findings indicate that people have lost respect for the JDF in the last 6 months. Discussion: The people’s perception of the operating standards of the JDF will provide an understanding of crime management challenges in Jamaica. Combined with effective management and implementation of strategies to meet the intended mission and vision, the JDF should consider image rebranding to address the decline in public perception and trust. Conclusion: Despite the traditional military structure of the Jamaica Defence Force, the organization has been deployed on the streets of Jamaica by political administrations to curb and remedy the difficulty of policing society, and this explains a justification for a public assessment of this organization. The public is indecisive on whether the Jamaica Defence Force is too frequently used jointly with the Police Constabulary Force to police the streets of Jamaica as well as being neutral on the overall operating standards of the organization.
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Galarza Ballester, María Teresa. "La criollización y la adquisición del sistema verbal en haitiano, jamaicano y papiamento". Lexis 38, nr 2 (20.01.2014): 337–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18800/lexis.201402.004.
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ResumenEl presente artículo constituye un estudio del sistema de tiempo, modo y aspecto en las lenguas criollas habladas en Haití, Jamaica y las islas de Aruba, Curaçao y Bonaire. La investigación muestra cómo el sistema de TMA del haitiano, el jamaicano y el papiamento se han desarrollado. Asimimo, plantea como hipótesis que su formación implica tanto a las lenguas superestrato como a las lenguas substrato en un proceso guiado por universales del lenguaje. Adicionalmente, sostiene que no todos los aspectos de los sistemas TMA se derivan simplemente de las lenguas contribuyentes, sino que son el resultado de la interacción entre procesos de adquisición del lenguaje y la criollización.Palabras clave: criollo, criollización, adquisición del lenguaje, haitiano, jamaicano, papiamento AbstractThis paper constitutes a study of the system encoding tense, mood and aspect in the creole languages spoken in Haiti, Jamaica, and the islands of Aruba, Curaçao and Bonaire. The research shows how the TMA system of Haitian, Jamaican and Papiamento has been developed and hypothesizes that creole formation involves several degrees of input from both superstrate and substrate languages in a process guided by language universals. Furthermore, it argues that not all aspects of the TMA systems are simply derived from the source languages but result from the interaction between language acquisition and creole development.Keywords: creole, creolization, language acquisition, Haitian, Jamaican, Papiamento
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Duffus, Kaydene. "Recruitment of records management practitioners in Jamaica’s public sector and its implications for professional practice". Records Management Journal 27, nr 2 (17.07.2017): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-10-2016-0039.
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Purpose This paper aims to highlight the recruitment practices in the records management (RM) profession in Jamaica’s public sector and their implications for professional practice. This paper is part of a larger doctoral study completed at the University College London that investigated the connection between RM education and national development. Design/methodology/approach The research is a qualitative mixed methods study, which mainly utilises data from 34 interviews done among RM practitioners and educators, and development administrators and analysts in Kingston and Spanish Town, Jamaica. Findings The study found that there is an urgent need for a change in how RM practitioners are recruited for their roles in Jamaica’s public sector. More coherent frameworks and a more coordinated effort are required to support for the recruitment of practitioners. Research limitations/implications This research is specific to the Jamaican case; therefore, it provides little basis for generalisation. Consequently, the study seeks to make no claims that the results in the Jamaican context are generalisable to other societies. Nonetheless, the conclusions and recommendations may be instructive in other environments. Social implications The study evaluated some of the existing practices for the recruitment of RM practitioners. As a result, the findings should enhance the knowledge about the human resources needs in RM in Jamaica. Originality/value In addition to providing some directions for future research, the study also gives voice to a diverse group. It brings together an analysis of national discourses around RM recruitment practices. This is done through the multifaceted views of Jamaican RM practitioners, development administrators and RM educators represented in the interviews.
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Heade, William A. "The Postcolonial Jamaican Outlaw Hero in Perry Henzell's The Harder They Come". Black Camera 15, nr 1 (wrzesień 2023): 66–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/blackcamera.15.1.08.
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Abstract: Perry Henzell's The Harder They Come (1972, Jamaica) shows the harsh realities of Jamaica, an island that, since colonization, has been a compartmentalized, divided world. This article looks at how Henzell represents postcolonial Jamaica as a small place where there are two distinct social classes inhabiting the same island in the sun. After a brief history of cinema, both filmed and shown, in Jamaica, this article uses The Harder They Come to show that postcolonial Jamaica is just colonial Jamaica going by a new name. It also looks at Ivan Martin as an outlaw hero who belongs in the pantheon of other Jamaican outlaw heroes and freedom fighters such as Queen Nanny, Apongo and Tacky, Sam Sharpe, and Paul Bogle. The article further shows that, as an outlaw hero, Ivan becomes a living idea: he becomes something that, even after the last reel, cannot be killed.
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Goffe, Tao Leigh. "Bigger than the Sound". Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, nr 3 (1.11.2020): 97–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749806.
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This essay examines the political economy of Caribbean cultural capital and the formation of reggae in Jamaica in the 1950s. Through study of the Afro-Asian intimacies and tensions embedded in the sound of preindependence Jamaica, the essay traces the birth of the “sound-system” to the networks of local small-retail grocery shops, ubiquitous across Jamaica, that were owned and operated by Jamaican Chinese shopkeepers and examines how they formed material infrastructures. In charting the hardwiring of speakers and how the sociality of the shop housed the production of a new sound, the essay argues that sonic innovation was derived from Afro-Jamaican servicepeople who returned from World War II with military technological expertise, which they applied to sound engineering, and from entrepreneurial guilds of Jamaican merchants and shopkeepers of Chinese, Afro-Chinese, and Indo-Chinese descent, who helped form the conditions of possibility for the production and global distribution of reggae. Thus the networks of Jamaican Chinese diasporic capital and talent, producing and performing, helped to engineer the electrical flows of reggae to rural areas and urban dancehall parties.
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Sanicharan, Rachelle. "Politics, Identity and Jamaican Music". Caribbean Quilt 6, nr 2 (4.02.2022): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i2.36920.
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Music in Jamaica has a long history that is very much intertwined with religious, social, and political factors. As the development of reggae music grew, it became increasingly popular in relation to politics and social issues. This research examines the development of reggae and dancehall music in Jamaica in relation with politics and identity. In turn, this research seeks to present the importance of Jamaican music as a voice for Jamaican people—an accurate presentation of their experiences and their beliefs.
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Peng, Xu. "From History to the Future: The Chinese Experience in Margaret Cezair-Thompson's The True History of Paradise". College Literature 50, nr 4 (wrzesień 2023): 572–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lit.2023.a908888.
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ABSTRACT: This essay examines the Chinese experience represented in Margaret Cezair-Thompson's 1999 novel The True History of Paradise . By analyzing the author's characterization of the Chinese migrant Mr. Ho Sing and his Afro-Chinese Jamaican daughter Cherry Landing, this essay first elucidates Afro-Chinese intimacy in late nineteenth-century Jamaica and then investigates Jamaican Chineseness in the 1960s and 1970s. It underscores middle-class Jamaican Chinese's economic advantage in their proximity to Jamaica's Creole identity, and illuminates what appears to be the author's proposition of a reconsideration of creolization that, instead of presuming anti-Blackness or encouraging Black radicalism, negotiates the political and cultural dichotomy between Creole nationalists and the Afro-Jamaican majority. Drawing upon Cezair-Thompson's literary reworking of the Jamaican Chinese experience, I conclude that The True History of Paradise rehearses the possibilities to envision the future for the diasporic Chinese, the Jamaican nation, and Caribbean literature.
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Schaefer, Richard R., Susan E. Koenig, Gary R. Graves i D. Craig Rudolph. "Observations of Jamaican Crows (<em>Corvus jamaicensis</em>) mobbing Jamaican boas (<em>Chilabothrus subflavus</em>)". Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 32 (19.09.2019): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.55431/jco.2019.32.73-76.
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Abstract: We describe five observations of avian mobbing of Jamaican boas (Chilabothrus subflavus) in northern Cockpit Country, Trelawny Parish, Jamaica. Four mobbing events were carried out by Jamaican Crows (Corvus jamaicensis), and one by a group of smaller passerines. We also describe a probable instance of a boa depredating a crow nest.
Keywords: Chilabothrus subflavus, Corvus jamaicensis, Jamaica, Jamaican boa, Jamaican Crow, mobbing, passerine
Resumen: Observaciones de Corvus jamaicensis acosando a Chilabothrus subflavus—Describimos cinco observaciones de acoso por aves a Chilabothrus subflavus en el norte de Cockpit Country, Trelawny Parish, Jamaica. Se realizaron cuatro eventos de acoso por parte de Corvus jamaicensis y uno por un grupo de paseriformes más pequeños. También describimos un caso probable de una boa depredando un nido de cuervo.
Palabras clave: acoso, Chilabothrus subflavus, Corvus jamaicensis, Jamaica, paseriformes
Résumé: Observations de Corneilles de la Jamaïque (Corvus jamaicensis) harcelant des boas de Jamaïque (Chilabothrus subflavus)—Nous décrivons cinq observations de harcèlement de boas de Jamaïque (Chilabothrus subflavus) par des oiseaux, au nord de Cockpit Country, Trelawny Parish, en Jamaïque. Ces harcèlements étaient menés à quatre reprises par des Corneilles de la Jamaïque (Corvus jamaicensis), et une fois par un groupe de petits passereaux. Nous décrivons également un cas probable de prédation d’un nid de corneille par un boa.
Mots clés: boa de Jamaïque, Chilabothrus subflavus, Corneille de la Jamaïque, Corvus jamaicensis, harcèlement, Jamaïque, passereau
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Perkins, Anna Kasafi. "Moral Dis-ease Making Jamaica Ill? Re-engaging the Conversation on Morality". International Journal of Public Theology 7, nr 4 (2013): 409–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341309.
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AbstractUsing the image of disease, this article argues that the moral misconduct of individual Jamaicans is symptomatic of a larger societal disease, which is making all of us ill to lesser or greater extents. The claim is that Jamaica and Jamaicans are suffering from an ailment in the country’s moral system that has affected all other functioning systems in the nation’s body politic: political, corporate, social, spiritual and personal. The article is a condensed version of the 2013 Grace Kennedy Foundation lecture.1 It takes as a launch pad the Reverend Dr Burchell Taylor’s 1992 Grace Kennedy Foundation lecture, entitled ‘Free for All? A Question of Morality and Community’, and it attempts to diagnose further the nature and meaning of moral deterioration in Jamaican society.
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Lewis, Jovan Scott. "The Limits of Repair". Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 26, nr 1 (1.03.2022): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-9724205.
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In this response essay, the author returns to his arguments in Scammer’s Yard: The Crime of Black Repair in Jamaica (2020) to further consider the limits of repair as advanced by the book’s crew of Jamaican lottery scammers. The author reconsiders some of the arguments to examine more deeply the issues of respectability, violence, and refusal, doing so in conversation with Patricia Noxolo, Beverley Mullings, and Kevon Rhiney—Caribbean and Caribbeanist geographers who help explore the scam as representative of repair within Jamaica’s violent, impoverished, and seemingly inescapable circumstances. Further analyzing the possibility of repair as advanced by the scammers, the essay identifies and contests the normative terms of politics that complicate those reparative claims, arguing that the scam moves past the politics of social incorporation and resistance in Jamaica and instead represents a form of political suspension that avoids the reconciliation of respectability and refusal typical of Caribbean postcolonial social production.
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Binns-Thompson, Shandelene Khadine Kedisha, Garry Hornby i David Burghes. "Investigating the Impact of a Mathematics Enhancement Programme on Jamaican Students’ Attainment". Education Sciences 11, nr 9 (7.09.2021): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11090516.
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Underperformance in mathematics has been an issue that plagues the education system in Jamaica. Studies in first world countries have shown that enrichment programs, including Mathematics Enhancement Programmes (MEPs,) have been positively impacting attainment in mathematics. This quasi-experimental research design study investigated the impact of an MEP on Jamaican students’ attainment in mathematics. A sample of seven grade one classes from two primary schools in representative areas in Jamaica were selected for the intervention group. The treatment involved teaching the Jamaican grade one mathematics standards using the MEP resources for nine months. A statistically significant improvement and large effect size of the intervention was found, indicating that the MEP had a substantial impact on students’ achievement and attitudes towards mathematics. This study has implications for designing enrichment programs geared at addressing mathematics underperformance in Jamaica and in similar countries.
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Der Rowe, Van. "Post-COVID Heroes: Physical Education Teachers’ Role in Sports and Physical Activity in Jamaica". Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 2, nr 125 (15.06.2022): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v2i125.1223.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly exacerbated Jamaica’s high physical inactivity rates, which means the country could potentially see increases in lifestyle diseases and deaths. Given the fact that physical literacy is not prevalent among the Jamaican population, physical education (PE) teachers must play a greater role in the postCOVID era to promote physical activity and sports involvement through school, community, and national initiatives. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the perceived role of PE teachers in the development of sports and physical activity (PA) lifestyles in the post-COVID era in Jamaica. Methods: The research took the form of a descriptive quantitative survey that analyzed the experiences and perceptions of 47 PE teachers in Jamaica. The sampling method utilized a combined approach using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Results: The results of the study indicated that PE teachers play an important role in teaching and developing the fundamental skills of students in preparation for transition into amateur and national competitions. PE teachers in the post-COVID era need to contribute more to students living a healthy lifestyle and becoming active for life. Conclusion: The results of this study have great implications for Jamaica’s physical inactivity levels and the continued development and maintenance of Jamaica’s dominance in sports in the international arena. Keywords: chronic lifestyle diseases, physical activity lifestyle, sports development.
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Coakley, John. "‘The Piracies of Some Little Privateers’: Language, Law and Maritime Violence in the Seventeenth-Century Caribbean". Britain and the World 13, nr 1 (marzec 2020): 6–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2020.0335.
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Prior to the eighteenth century, the words ‘pirate’ and ‘privateer’ had no comprehensive English legal meanings. Scholars today who attempt to determine who in history was a ‘pirate’ run afoul of this language problem; this article aims to clarify it by tracing the etymology of ‘privateer’ in late seventeenth-century English Jamaica, where the word saw a great deal of use. Seeing Jamaica as a laboratory for language use and legal development, rather than simply a site of problematic lawlessness within the empire, it reconsiders the consolidation of English state power at the turn of the century. This article argues that ‘pirate’, an ancient but ill-defined word in early modern England, generally referred to a sea robber who acted unlawfully, but that much lawful sea raiding also occurred under various names. In about 1660, the word ‘privateer’ was born, first taking root in the new English colony of Jamaica, where it referred to the island's growing community of private seafarers. After an Anglo-Spanish treaty in 1670, Jamaicans gradually conflated ‘privateer’ and ‘pirate’, a process that culminated in a law that promised death to both. The law spread from the periphery to the metropolitan centre, but English imperial officials, prompted by the events of the Glorious Revolution, repurposed the Jamaican words, clarifying and distinguishing them to exert greater control over state violence.
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Reid, Sonya, Kayon Donaldson-Davis, Douladel Willie-Tyndale, Camelia Thompson, Gilian Wharfe, Tracey Gibson, Denise Eldemire-Shearer i Kenneth James. "Breast Cancer in Jamaica: Trends From 2010 to 2014—Is Mortality Increasing?" JCO Global Oncology, nr 6 (wrzesień 2020): 837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.00022.
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PURPOSE This study sought to provide a detailed analysis of breast cancer–specific mortality in Jamaica on the basis of reported deaths between 2010 and 2014. METHODS A cross-sectional study was done to analyze breast cancer–specific mortality data from the Registrar General’s Department, the statutory body responsible for registering all deaths across Jamaica. RESULTS A total of 1,634 breast cancer–related deaths were documented among Jamaican women between 2010 and 2014, which accounted for 24% of all female cancer deaths. The age-standardized breast cancer mortality rate increased from 21.8 per 100,000 in 2010 to 28 per 100,000 in 2014 for the total female population. The overall difference in breast cancer mortality rates between the 2014 and 2010 rates was not statistically significant ( P = .114). Analysis of the year-by-year trend reflected by the annual percentage of change did show, however, a statistically significant increasing trend in breast cancer mortality ( P = .028). Mortality rates varied by age, with statistically significant annual increases observed in the 35-44–, 65-74–, and ≥ 75-year age groups ( P = .04, .03, and .01, respectively). CONCLUSION Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death among Jamaican women. Despite global advances in breast cancer screening and management, breast cancer remains a major public health challenge and represents a public health priority in Jamaica. The increasing breast cancer–specific mortality in Jamaica over the 5-year period contrasts with decreasing mortality rates among US women with breast cancer. This study highlights the critical need to address the implementation of a national organized breast cancer screening program in Jamaica and to focus future research efforts on the biology of breast cancer, especially among young Jamaican women.
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Shamsul Haq Thoker. "Theme of Identity: A Study of Andrea Levy’s The Long Song". Creative Launcher 4, nr 5 (31.12.2019): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2019.4.5.06.
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The Long Song (2010) is a contemporary Caribbean neo-slave narrative written by Andrea Levy. The novel revisits the period of slavery in the early nineteenth century Jamaica depicting the experiences of a slave girl, July at Amity - a sugarcane plantation in Jamaica. Written in the background of a famous Jamaican slave rebellion, the Baptist War erupted in 1831, the abolition of slavery in 1833 and its aftermath, the novel details the life of the slaves on Jamaican plantations before and after the period of emancipation. Replete with the theme of identity, the novel explores the ethnic and cultural backgrounds of the characters on the plantations where the British class system is largely in vogue. Thus, the paper shall explore the identity of the slaves in the Caribbean which is greatly affected by the British social hierarchy. It shall also focus on how the British class system begins to lose its potential and importance in Jamaica after the Baptist War.
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Cook, Loraine D. "An Overview of Changes in Jamaica’s Secondary Education System (1879-2017)". Caribbean Journal of Education 42, nr 1&2 (27.04.2021): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46425/c542126338.
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Using a post-colonial lens, this paper describes the changes and constants in Jamaica’s educational system between the 19th and the early 21st century using academic literature and secondary data from the Ministry of Education. High schools initially emerged in Jamaica for the upper and middle classes only, based on the families’ income level, thus excluding children from the lower income bracket. Over time, breaking the glass ceiling for lower-income students became more possible as education included students moving from elementary to high school based on merit. This still restricted a large body of lower-income students who needed the tools and merit for success in the exit examination to high schools. In the 21st century there is more direct intervention in the Jamaican school system through funding and policies that change the high school education structure available to lower-income families, making it more possible for upward mobility on the social ladder. While there may be legacies of the colonial era, Jamaica has made significant strides in moving away from her turbulent past.
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Besson, Jean. "The legacy of George L. Beckford’s plantation economy thesis in Jamaica". New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 69, nr 1-2 (1.01.1995): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002647.
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[First paragraph]Plantation Economy, Land Reform and the Peasantry in a Historical Perspective: Jamaica 1838-1980. CLAUS STOLBERG & SWITHIN WILMOT(eds.)- Kingston: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 1992. 145 pp. (Paper n.p.)This interdisciplinary collection focuses on the integration of Jamaica's classical plantation economy with the world economy, and the impact of the plantation economy on the peasantry, land reform, and agrarian modemization in Jamaica from emancipation in 1838 up to 1980. The eight papers comprising the volume were, as a one-page editorial "Introduction" outlines, presented at a symposium at the University of the West Indies, Mona, and are dedicated to the late Professor George Beckford whose work on persistent poverty in plantation economies championed the Jamaican peasantry. As such, the book is a welcome addition to the literature on the Caribbean plantation-peasant interface. However, the chapters are uneven in quality, with some reflecting analytical weaknesses and a lack of historical depth. Typographical errors, grammatical mistakes, and poor documentation are also noticeable. In addition, contrasting perspectives emerge among the contributors and this is not addressed by the editors.
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Robinson, Tracy. "Mass Weddings in Jamaica and the Production of Academic Folk Knowledge". Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, nr 3 (1.11.2020): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749782.
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In Jamaica in the 1940s and 1950s, prominent women and women’s organizations led a notorious campaign to promote mass weddings. The campaign targeted working-class black Jamaicans living together in long-term heterosexual relationships and was aimed at improving the status of women and children and readying working-class Jamaicans for citizenship. This essay explores mass weddings as a form of women’s activism in the mid-twentieth century, and it reflects on M. G. Smith’s trenchant critique of mass weddings in his introduction to Edith Clarke’s iconic study My Mother Who Fathered Me. Smith identifies a governor’s wife as the instigator of the campaign, not the black Jamaican middle-class nationalist feminists who were responsible, yet his account has ascended to a form of academic folk knowledge that is oft repeated and rarely probed. As a valued resource for understanding late colonialism in the Caribbean, it has caricatured Caribbean feminist interventions in nationalist projects, and it contributes to the feminization of an enduring Caribbean “coloniality.”
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Jones, Margaret. "A ‘Textbook Pattern’? Malaria Control and Eradication in Jamaica, 1910–65". Medical History 57, nr 3 (30.05.2013): 397–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2013.20.
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AbstractIn 1965 Jamaica was declared free of malaria by the World Health Organisation (WHO), thus ending centuries of death and suffering from the disease. This declaration followed the successful completion of the WHO’s Malaria Eradication Programme (MEP) on the island, initiated in 1958. This account first explores the antecedent control measures adopted by the government up to the MEP. These, as advocated by the previous malaria ‘experts’ who had reported on the disease on the island concentrated on controlling the vector and the administration of quinine for individual protection. Although Jamaica suffered no catastrophic epidemics of island-wide scope, malaria was a constant cause of mortality and morbidity. Major change came in the wake of the Second World War within the changing political context of national independence and international development. In 1957 the Jamaican government joined the global WHO programme to eradicate malaria. The Jamaican campaign exposes many of the problems noted in other studies of such top–down initiatives in their lack of attention to the particular circumstances of each case. Despite being described as ‘a textbook pattern’ of malaria eradication, the MEP in Jamaica suffered from a lack of sufficient preparation and field knowledge. This is most obviously illustrated by the fact that all literature on the programme sent to Jamaica in the first two years was in Spanish. That the MEP exploited the technological opportunity provided by dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) with advantage in Jamaica is not disputed but as this analysis illustrates this success was by no means guaranteed.
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Pak, Yumi. "“Through some kind of veil”: Queering Race and the Maternal in Patricia Powell’s The Pagoda". Women, Gender, and Families of Color 9, nr 1 (1.04.2021): 42–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/womgenfamcol.9.1.0042.
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Abstract Patricia Powell’s The Pagoda, published in 1998, is an aesthetic actualization of the in-betweenness of Jamaica’s purported self-definition as diasporic, hybrid, multiple. Jamaica, as with many countries in the Caribbean that withstood and resisted their respective European colonizing nations, is a site that makes visible its histories of Indigenous servitude and genocide, the importing of African slaves and subsequent indentured laborers from Asia, and the continuous presence of hegemonic systems of repressive and ideological powers. Taking place in 1893, after the abolition of slavery in the British Empire but well before Jamaican independence, Powell’s novel harkens back to Olive Senior’s parrot that finds itself caught between what was, what is, and the unavoidable shifts wrought by the invasion that is the British Empire (Senior 2005). Inasmuch as Senior’s parrot can be read as a reflection of Jamaica’s diasporic, hybrid, and multiple self-definition, I turn to Powell’s characters—specifically her protagonists Lowe and Miss Sylvie—to consider what purpose such an in-between can serve. I begin by arguing for a reading of Lowe as one who brings to the forefront the tensions of colonial logic by virtue of his race, gender, and sexuality, none of which are easily categorized, or indeed, easily known. I propose that, by situating Lowe, a Chinese Jamaican, both within and outside expected codes of racialized, gendered, and sexualized behaviors, The Pagoda lays bare the ways in which colonial logic—manifesting as demands for purity and order—derails any move toward liberation. If Lowe functions as the primary conduit of this argument, I contend that Miss Sylvie, his wife, offers an alternative venue for radical possibilities that fall outside the rigid conventions of 1890s Jamaica, a Black maternal that is always already the queer maternal, what I call in this article the “Black queer maternal”—a maternal that does not rely on reproduction, either literal or figurative, as its raison d’être. Powell challenges the colonial logic of discrete identity markers and categorizations in Lowe’s adopted country of residence, not to reverse it but to illuminate the unexpected possibilities that arise from the space of refusal, and the space of the diasporic, hybrid, multiple that is Jamaica.
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Rashford, John. "Jamaican Food: History, Biology, Culture". Ethnobiology Letters 1 (3.08.2010): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14237/ebl.1.2010.76.
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Wilson, Deron Danario. "Evaluating Jamaica’s position as a seafarer-supplying country for cruise and cargo". Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 14, nr 2 (24.02.2022): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-11-2021-0148.
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PurposeThe maritime industry is crucial to the global economy and the scarcity of seafarers is an urgent concern. Seafarers are in short supply right now and will continue to be so in the foreseeable future. This study interrogates Jamaica’s position as a seafarer labour market through the prism of the industry’s apparent scarcity of seafarers (officers) while examining Jamaica’s maritime education and training system as a tool for nation-building. Previous studies have almost exclusively focused on specific jurisdictions, but as far as we know, very little research has investigated Jamaica as a maritime labour market.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the aim of this study, mixed-method research was applied in collecting and analyzing data.FindingsThe study revealed that Jamaican seafarers possess several positive attributes such as good communication skills, they are typically well trained and have good cross-cultural skills, making them compatible with a multicultural crew. However, the supply of Jamaican seafarers continues to be low due to several challenges, including a lack of government support for the sector, lack of key stakeholder collaboration and a lack of awareness about career prospects.Research limitations/implicationsThe topic of seafarer supply is a broad one, and due to its scope and practical limitations, detailed statistical studies were not undertaken. As a result, further work is needed to establish more precise correlations between the essential variables.Practical implicationsMany findings point to Jamaica’s strengths as a provider of seafarers, yet problems and obstacles were also mentioned. The study’s findings point to a lack of maritime awareness among youth, as well as, perhaps surprisingly, among stakeholders and policymakers. The paper provides a holistic report on Jamaica’s status as a seafaring supply country that policymakers can use to inform policy and to upscale Jamaica’s seafaring output.Social implicationsA career as a seafarer can be both intriguing and lucrative. Hence, creating a conducive environment that promotes training, world-class certification and seafarers’ employment may increase seafarers’ output and, by extension, contribute to Jamaica’s economy and nation-building.Originality/valueJamaica’s status as a maritime labour market is insufficiently studied and as a result several key questions and notions have not as yet been discussed. This study explores the maritime labour market in Jamaica and documents what exists.
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Modest, Wayne, i Rivke Jaffe. "New Roots". African Diaspora 7, nr 2 (2014): 234–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18725465-00702004.
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This article explores contemporary ontologies of blackness in the Caribbean island of Jamaica. Approaching blackness as an ontological issue – an issue that pertains to the being, or the existence, of a category of people – we emphasize the spatial dimension of such ontologies. Drawing on Jamaican contemporary art and popular music, we propose that the site of blackness, as it is imagined in Jamaica, has shifted from Africa towards ‘the ghetto.’ Tracing changing Jamaican perspectives on race and nation, the article discusses how self-definitions of ‘being black’ and ‘being Jamaican’ involve the negotiation of historical consciousness and transnational connectivity. During much of the twentieth century, various Jamaican social and political movements looked primarily to the African continent as a referent for blackness. In the twenty-first century, the urban space of the ghetto has become more central in Jamaican social commentary and critique. By tracing the historical shifts of the spatial imaginary onto which racial belonging and authenticity are projected, we seek to foreground the mutability of the relation between blackness and Africanness.
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Hylton, Kamilah, i Kadia Hylton-Fraser. "An evaluation of the “every child can learn, every child must learn” mantra’s alignment with educational policies in Jamaica". Equity in Education & Society 1, nr 1 (26.01.2022): 163–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/27526461211066497.
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Sixty years after Jamaica’s independence, remnants of imperialism are visible. It has been argued that the education system has not escaped these roots and that the system encourages and thus maintains the pre-independent tiered class structure and perpetuates education as an elitist entitlement. A brief review of the genesis of primary schools reveals they resulted from donations of the rich plantocracy and so curriculum, ethos, and job preparation were based on Eurocentric beliefs and approaches that sought to “civilize” newly freed slaves. Post-independent Jamaica continues to depend on and pander significantly to persons of a higher socioeconomic status, invariably marginalizing those who are not. This has had implications for access to and equity in education. Through a review of several educational policies implemented by the government of Jamaica, this paper critically examines the Jamaican education system at the primary and secondary levels to evaluate how policy interventions over the last three decades have laid the foundation for and align with the Ministry of Education’s current mantra of “ Every Child Can Learn, Every Child Must Learn.” Furthermore, the paper will recommend approaches that engender social justice and may mitigate against children being further marginalized.
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Obika, Alpha. "A Pioneer of Jamaican Film: A Conversation with Raymond Edwards". Black Camera 15, nr 1 (wrzesień 2023): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/blackcamera.15.1.11.
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Abstract: Raymond "Bubbles" Edwards is a trailblazing cameraman, director of photography, casting director, loader, and educator with over fifty years of service to the Jamaican film industry. He has worked with global filmmakers on some of the largest film and television productions shot in Jamaica since the 1970s and witnessed firsthand the growth of the audiovisual sector in the Caribbean. Edwards's journey to film was inspired by his childhood viewing of The Harder They Come (dir. Perry Henzell, 1972, Jamaica). As destiny would have it, he became a lifelong colleague and friend to Caribbean filmmaker Franklyn St. Juste and Jamaican actor Carl Bradshaw, who both worked on the iconic film. In this interview Edwards tells his story, which spans his introduction to film production, key moments in his stellar career, along with a critique of the Jamaican film industry and the challenges to overcome for its sustained development in the future.
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Peck, Stewart B. "Historical biogeography of Jamaica: evidence from cave invertebrates". Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, nr 3 (1.09.1999): 368–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z98-220.
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The Jamaican fauna of obligately subterranean invertebrates contains 25 species of terrestrial troglobitic onychophorans, arachnids, isopods, and hexapods and 16 species of freshwater - brackish water stygobites, mostly crustaceans. Cladistic analyses of the faunas are not available. In place of this, general track analysis of the cave-restricted terrestrial faunas suggests closest relationships with Jamaican forest faunas, followed by other West Indian forest or cave faunas, and lastly Central American forest faunas. Over-water dispersal best accounts for the presence of the terrestrial epigean ancestors of the fauna in Jamaica, and they must have arrived after Jamaica became emergent in the early Miocene (about 20 Ma). The terrestrial cave fauna then descended from the epigean ancestors. In contrast, the aquatic fauna invaded from the sea, but also after the Miocene emergence. There is no evidence for a macro-vicariance origin of the cave-evolved fauna from one existing in cave environments at the time when Jamaica separated from proto-Middle America. The troglobites probably arose on Jamaica through habitat shift or Pleistocene climatic change (both micro-vicariance mechanisms). Seven terrestrial and three aquatic species seem to be phylogenetic relicts. These relicts also have a stronger relationship to other Antillean islands than to Central America. This fauna shows no evidence of a South American origin. There is a very significant species-area linear regression for Greater Antillean stygobites but not for troglobites (probably because Hispaniola is not sufficiently studied).
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Phillips, Gareth. "A Proposed Certification Process For Business Teachers In Jamaica". College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal (CTMS) 3, nr 1 (22.07.2011): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ctms.v3i1.5272.
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This paper proposes subject area certification requirement for business educators within the Jamaican education system and identifies the workplace skills and competencies for business educators and business students in Jamaica.
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Mair, Christian. "Creolisms in an emerging standard". English World-Wide 23, nr 1 (13.06.2002): 31–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.23.1.03mai.
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After showing that standardisation processes in spoken and written usage in Jamaica must be seen as distinct from each other, the paper focuses on the role of the creole substrate in the formation of the emergent written standard in Jamaica. The approach is corpus-based, using material from the Caribbean component of the International Corpus of English and, occasionally, from other digitised text data-bases. Jamaican Creole lexicon and grammar are shown to exert an influence on written English usage, but, generally speaking, direct borrowing of words and rules is much rarer than various forms of indirect and mediated influence, and the over-all impact of the creole is as yet limited. While probably no longer a typical English-speaking society (cf. Shields-Brodber 1997), Jamaica will continue to be an English-using one.
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van Ee, Benjamin W., i Paul E. Berry. "A Phylogenetic and Taxonomic Review of Croton (Euphorbiaceae s.s.) on Jamaica Including the Description of Croton jamaicensis, a New Species of Section Eluteria". Systematic Botany 34, nr 1 (1.03.2009): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364409787602203.
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The greater Caribbean region has played an important role in the early diversification of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae s.s.). Jamaica is also important to Croton taxonomy because several of the earliest described species were based on material from the island. The Jamaican species of Croton are found in five distinct clades indicating that there were at least five separate over-water dispersal events of the genus to the island. Croton jamaicensis (section Eluteria Griseb.), a new species endemic to limestone hills along the southern coast of Jamaica, is described and illustrated. The species is phylogenetically most closely related to C. laurinus Sw. and C. grisebachianus Müll. Arg., both also endemic to Jamaica. Several lectotypifications and novel synonymies are required to clarify the taxonomy of the species of Croton that have been described from Jamaica, some of which are widespread in the region. La región del Caribe ha jugado un papel importante en la diversificación inicial de Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae s.s.). Jamaica también es importante para la taxonomia de Croton dado que varias de las primeras especies descritas fueron basadas en material de la isla. Las especies Jamaicanas de Croton se encuentran en cinco clados distintos indicando que hubieron por lo menos cinco eventos de dispersión sobre agua del género a la isla. Croton jamaicensis (sección Eluteria Griseb.), una nueva especie endémica a colinas de caliza de la costa sur de Jamaica, es descrita e ilustrada. La especie es filogenéticamente mas cercanamente relacionada a C. laurinus Sw. y C. grisebachianus Müll. Arg., ambas también endémicas a Jamaica. Varias lectotipificaciones y nuevas sinonimias son requeridas para clarificar la taxonomia de las especies de Croton que se han descrito de Jamaica, algunas de las cuales están ampliamente distribuidas en la región.
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Osborne, Myles. "“Mau Mau are Angels … Sent by Haile Selassie”: A Kenyan War in Jamaica". Comparative Studies in Society and History 62, nr 4 (29.09.2020): 714–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417520000262.
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AbstractThis article traces the impact of Kenya's Mau Mau uprising in Jamaica during the 1950s. Jamaican responses to Mau Mau varied dramatically by class: for members of the middle and upper classes, Mau Mau represented the worst of potential visions for a route to black liberation. But for marginalized Jamaicans in poorer areas, and especially Rastafari, Mau Mau was inspirational and represented an alternative method for procuring genuine freedom and independence. For these people, Mau Mau epitomized a different strand of pan-Africanism that had most in common with the ideas of Marcus Garvey. It was most closely aligned with, and was the forerunner of, Walter Rodney, Stokely Carmichael, and Black Power in the Caribbean. Theirs was a more radical, violent, and black-focused vision that ran alongside and sometimes over more traditional views. Placing Mau Mau in the Jamaican context reveals these additional levels of intellectual thought that are invisible without its presence. It also forces us to rethink the ways we periodize pan-Africanism and consider how pan-African linkages operated in the absence of direct contact between different regions.
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Morrison, Belinda F., William Aiken, Richard Mayhew, Yulit Gordon i Marvin Reid. "Prostate Cancer Screening in Jamaica: Results of the Largest National Screening Clinic". Journal of Cancer Epidemiology 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2606805.
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Prostate cancer is highly prevalent in Jamaica and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Our aim was to evaluate the patterns of screening in the largest organized screening clinic in Jamaica at the Jamaica Cancer Society. A retrospective analysis of all men presenting for screening at the Jamaica Cancer Society from 1995 to 2005 was done. All patients had digital rectal examinations (DRE) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) tests done. Results of prostate biopsies were noted. 1117 men of mean age 59.9 ± 8.2 years presented for screening. The median documented PSA was 1.6 ng/mL (maximum of 5170 ng/mL). Most patients presented for only 1 screen. There was a gradual reduction in the mean age of presentation for screening over the period. Prostate biopsies were requested on 11% of screening visits; however, only 59% of these were done. 5.6% of all persons screened were found to have cancer. Of the cancers diagnosed, Gleason 6 adenocarcinoma was the commonest grade and median PSA was 8.9 ng/mL (range 1.5–1059 ng/mL). Older men tend to screen for prostate cancer in Jamaica. However, compliance with regular maintenance visits and requests for confirmatory biopsies are poor. Screening needs intervention in the Jamaican population.
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Turunen, Jorma. "Aikuiskasvatus on avain demokraattiseen kansalaisuuteen". Aikuiskasvatus 21, nr 3 (15.09.2001): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.33336/aik.112204.
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International Council for Adult Education (ICAE) 6. maailmankonferenssi ja yleiskokousOcho Rios, Jamaika 9.–12.8.2001 [Konferenssijulkaisu: Creativity and Democratic Governance. Adult Learning: A Strategic Choice. Proceedings of the ICAE World Assembly (6th, Ocho Rios, Jamaica, August 9-12, 2001) = Creativite et Gouvernance Democratique. L'apprentissage des Adultes: Un Choix Strategique. Actes de la Assemblee Mondiale du CIEA (6th, Ocho Rios, Jamaique, 9 au 12 aout 2001) = Creatividad y Gobernabilidad Democratica. Educacion de Adultos: Una Eleccion Estrategica. Actas de la Asamblea Mundial del ICAE (6th, Ocho Rios, Jamaica, Agosto 9-12, 2001). ISBN 9780919971301]
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Ellis, Harold. "Mary Seacole: Self Taught Nurse and Heroine of the Crimean War". Journal of Perioperative Practice 19, nr 9 (wrzesień 2009): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/175045890901900907.
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Mary Jane Seacole was born Mary Grant in Kingston Jamaica in 1805. Her father was a Scottish army officer and her mother a free Jamaican black, (slavery was not fully abolished in Jamaica until 1838). Her mother ran a hotel, Blundell Hall, in Kingston and was a traditional healer. Her skill as a nurse was much appreciated, as many of her residents were disabled British soldiers and sailors. It was from her mother that Mary learned the art of patient care, and she also assisted at the local British army hospital.
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Schaub, Christoph. "Multidirectionality and Collaborative Practice: Reggae and Dancehall Music between Germany and Jamaica". Seminar: A Journal of Germanic Studies 58, nr 4 (1.11.2022): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/seminar.58.4.3.
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Against the backdrop of the global circulation of reggae and dancehall music, the article argues that the emergence of these genres in Germany resulted from multidirectional collaborations among musicians in Germany, Jamaica, and other places. Focusing on Gentleman and Seeed, Germany’s two most successful reggae artists, the article examines specific aesthetic forms and cultural practices as sites of multidirectionality and collaborative practice, such as the riddim, the feature song, the use of Jamaican Patois, and the journey to Jamaica. In the German case, the global dissemination and appropriation of Jamaican popular music resulted in the formulation of heterogeneous visions of transnational communities related to collaborative musical practices. At the same time, the article explains Gentleman’s and Seeed’s appropriation of this Black popular music culture as responses to their experiences in postwall Germany.
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Ferguson, Trevor S., Karen Webster-Kerr, Marshall K. Tulloch-Reid, Nadia R. Bennett, James Ho, Tamu Davidson, Andriene Grant i in. "The Jamaica salt consumption, Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (Salt-KAP) study: A research protocol". F1000Research 11 (30.06.2022): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.122619.1.
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Background: Excess dietary salt consumption is a major contributor to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Public education programs on the dangers of high salt intake, and population level interventions to reduce the salt content in foods are possible strategies to address this problem. In Jamaica, there are limited data on the levels of salt consumption and the population’s knowledge and practices with regards to salt consumption. This study therefore aims to obtain baseline data on salt consumption, salt content in foods sold in restaurants, and evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Jamaicans regarding salt consumption. Methods: The study is divided into four components. Component 1 will be a secondary analysis of data on urinary sodium from spot urine samples collected as part of a national survey, the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2016-2017. Component 2 will be a survey of chain and non-chain restaurants in Jamaica, to estimate the sodium content of foods sold in restaurants. Component 3 is another national survey, this time on a sample 1,200 individuals to obtain data on knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding salt consumption and estimation of urinary sodium excretion. Component 4 is a validation study to assess the level of agreement between spot urine sodium estimates and 24-hour urinary sodium from 120 individuals from Component 3. Discussion: This study will provide important baseline data on salt consumption in Jamaica and will fulfil the first components of the World Health Organization SHAKE Technical Package for Salt Reduction. The findings will serve as a guide to Jamaica’s Ministry of Health and Wellness in the development of a national salt reduction program. Findings will also inform interventions to promote individual and population level sodium reduction strategies as the country seeks to achieve the national target of a 30% reduction in salt consumption by 2025.
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Ferguson, Trevor S., Karen Webster-Kerr, Marshall K. Tulloch-Reid, Nadia R. Bennett, James Ho, Tamu Davidson, Andriene Grant i in. "The Jamaica Salt Consumption Study Protocol: Sodium Intake; Sodium Content in Restaurant Foods; Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices; Spot Urine Sodium Validation". F1000Research 11 (24.11.2023): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.122619.2.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Background Excess dietary salt consumption is a major contributor to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Public education programs on the dangers of high salt intake, and population level interventions to reduce the salt content in foods are possible strategies to address this problem. In Jamaica, there are limited data on the levels of salt consumption and the population’s knowledge and practices with regards to salt consumption. This study therefore aims to obtain baseline data on salt consumption, salt content in foods sold in restaurants, and evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Jamaicans regarding salt consumption. Methods The study is divided into four components. Component 1 will be a secondary analysis of data on urinary sodium from spot urine samples collected as part of a national survey, the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2016-2017. Component 2 will be a survey of chain and non-chain restaurants in Jamaica, to estimate the sodium content of foods sold in restaurants. Component 3 is another national survey, this time on a sample 1,200 individuals to obtain data on knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding salt consumption and estimation of urinary sodium excretion. Component 4 is a validation study to assess the level of agreement between spot urine sodium estimates and 24-hour urinary sodium from 120 individuals from Component 3. Discussion This study will provide important baseline data on salt consumption in Jamaica and will fulfil the first components of the World Health Organization SHAKE Technical Package for Salt Reduction. The findings will serve as a guide to Jamaica’s Ministry of Health and Wellness in the development of a national salt reduction program. Findings will also inform interventions to promote individual and population level sodium reduction strategies as the country seeks to achieve the national target of a 30% reduction in salt consumption by 2025.
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Harry, Otelemate G. "Jamaican Creole". Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36, nr 1 (18.05.2006): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002510030600243x.
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Jamaican Creole is one of the major Atlantic English-lexifier creoles spoken in the Caribbean. In Jamaica, this creole is popularly labelled as ‘Patwa’ (Devonish & Harry 2004: 441). There is a widely-held view in Jamaica that a post-creole continuum exists. The continuum is between Jamaican English and Jamaican Creole (Meade 2001: 19). Many scholars holding this view find it necessary to distinguish among acrolectal, mesolectal and basilectal varieties (Irvine 1994, Beckford-Wassink 1999, Patrick 1999, Meade 2001, among others). Major phonological differences are found between the two extremes. However, a discussion of the phonological differences in the continuum and problems with the theoretical notion of a ‘post-creole continuum’ is beyond the scope of this paper. The aim of this paper is to provide an adequate description of some salient aspects of the synchronic phonetics and phonology of Jamaican Creole based on the speech forms of two native Jamaican Creole speakers, Stacy-Ann Watt, a post-graduate female student at the University of West Indies, Mona, and Racquel Sims, 22 year old female from the parish of St Catherine. Both come from the Eastern parishes of the island.
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Hickling, Frederick W. "Psychiatry in Jamaica". International Psychiatry 7, nr 1 (styczeń 2010): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600000928.
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The intense historical relationship linking Jamaica and Britain to 300 years of the transatlantic slave trade and 200 years of colonialism has left 2.7 million souls living in Jamaica, 80% of African origin, 15% of mixed Creole background and 5% of Asian Indian, Chinese and European ancestry. With a per capita gross domestic product of US$4104 in 2007, one-third of the population is impoverished, the majority struggling for economic survival. The prevailing religion is Protestant, although the presence of African retentions such as Obeah and Pocomania are still widely and profoundly experienced, and the powerful Rastafarian movement emerged as a countercultural religious force after 1930. The paradox and contradictions of five centuries of Jamaican resistance to slavery and colonial oppression have spawned a tiny, resilient, creative, multicultural island people, who have achieved a worldwide philosophical, political and religious impact, phenomenal sporting prowess, astonishing musical and performing creativity, and a criminal underworld that has stunned by its propensity for violence.
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AGUIRRE-SANTORO, JULIÁN, KERON C. ST E. CAMPBELL i GEORGE R. PROCTOR. "A new species of Hohenbergia (Bromeliaceae) endemic to the Dolphin Head Mountains in western Jamaica". Phytotaxa 247, nr 2 (19.02.2016): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.247.2.5.
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Recent botanical expeditions to the Dolphin Head Mountains in western Jamaica allowed the collection of different specimens of a new species, Hohenbergia rohan-estyi, an enigmatic plant that resembles the also Jamaican-endemic H. negrilensis. In this study, we describe H. rohan-estyi and include notes on its geographical distribution, habitat, conservation status and taxonomy. The length of the stipes and number of flowers per spike permit the differentiation of H. rohan-estyi from H. negrilensis. In addition, the geographic distributions of these two species do not overlap, as H. rohan-estyi inhabits mountainous forests of the Dolphin Head region while H. negrilensis occurs in coastal areas of western Jamaica. Finally, H. rohan-estyi is the third species of Hohenbergia reported as endemic to the Dolphin Head Mountains, indicating the importance of this area in the evolution and conservation of the genus in Jamaica and the Caribbean.