Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Jackson, Shirley, 1916-1965”

ResumenEstablecemos un análisis comparativo entre la narrativa breve de la escritora estadounidense Shirley Jackson (1916–1965) y la española Patricia Esteban Erlés (1972–). Fascinadas por las sombras de las historias capaces de evocar el misterio, ambas escritoras alzan unos imaginarios narrativos, en los que la irrupción de lo extraño, lo inesperado y lo incomprensible quiebran y alteran la percepción de la realidad. Nada es lo que parece y bajo la dicotomía mundo infantil – mundo adulto se introducen subrepticiamente lo siniestro y lo macabro en escenarios domésticos. Conscientes de que la cotidianeidad tiene lados oscuros y ángulos inquietantes y de que las mujeres de todos los tiempos han necesitado encarnar sus miedos a través de la creación de criaturas monstruosas y temibles, ambas construyen un imaginario doméstico siniestro.

Nowhere is American author Shirley Jackson’s (1916-1965) social and political criticism is so intense than it is in her seminal fictional masterpiece “The Lottery”. Jackson severely denounces injustice through her emphasis on a bizarre social custom in a small American town, in which the winner of the lottery, untraditionally, receives a fatal prize. The readers are left puzzled at the end of the story as Tessie Hutchinson, the unfortunate female winner, is stoned to death by the members of her community, and even by her family. This study aims at investigating the author’s social and political implications that lie behind the story, taking into account the historical era in which the story was published (the aftermath of the bloody World War II) and the fact that the victim is a woman who is silenced and forced to follow the tradition of the lottery. The paper mainly focuses on the writer’s interest in human rights issues, which can be violated even in civilized communities, like the one depicted in the story. The shocking ending, the researchers conclude, is Jackson’s protest against dehumanization and violence.

Cette étude analyse les modalités de l’inhabitable dans un monde hostile et instable, ainsi que les stratégies élaborées afin de contrecarrer les effets pervers de l’instabilité. La violence des affects en jeu est à l’image de la cruauté des relations sociales, et ne laisse que peu d’espace viable même au sein du cercle familial, lui aussi soumis à l’entropie de la méchanceté ontologique. Les héroïnes de Jackson, confrontées de diverses manières aux résurgences d’expériences traumatiques que la traversée du présent, odyssée physique et psychique, transforme en obstacles insurmontables, recherchent la demeure idéale où se réfugier et trouver l’ancrage que leur interdit le monde extérieur. Jackson utilise les tropes de la maison gothique, de la hantise et du surnaturel pour illustrer les rouages trompeurs qui se mettent en place dès lors que ses héroïnes pensent avoir trouvé un tel lieu. Le paradoxe du corps maternel, qui fait cohabiter la vie et la mort, sous leurs formes pulsionnelles les plus destructrices, est le principe fondateur de l’effondrement des personnages. La folie apparaît comme un des moyens de comprendre l’incompréhensible, et de contenir la fragmentation. Enfin, l’invention du nom constitue le dernier retranchement où construire une demeure intérieure
Our study examines the modalities of the uninhabitable in the work of Jackson, where the characters are imprisoned in a world intrinsically hostile, as well as the strategies they use to thwart the instability it entails. The violence of the feelings at stake mirrors the cruelty of social relationships, leaving but little livable space even within the family circle, also affected by the entropy of ontological evil. Jackson’s heroines, variously confronted to the reemergence of past traumatic experiences that their odyssey through the present time transforms into unsurmountable obstacles, seek the ideal house, the haven that will anchor them into a world that rejects them. Jackson uses the tropes of the gothic haunted house as maternal space to illustrate the deadly deception such a place embodies. The cohabitation the most drastic forms of the death drive and vital impulses is the foundation principle of mental dissolution. Madness is one of the means to both embrace and understand the incomprehensible. We conclude by showing how the invention of one’s name is a way of elaborating an inner house