Rozprawy doktorskie: „J.R.R. Tolkien”

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Johnston, Amanda J. "J. R. R. Tolkien, War, and Nationalism". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_diss/54.

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Tolkien may not have intentionally created his fictive nations to mirror real nations, but his world certainly bears the scars of his experiences of war. The World Wars heightened his fear of losing everything that he loved about his local culture through literal obliteration or assimilation into another culture in the event of England’s losing. Tolkien saw the nation as a social construct that potentially could minimize losses, if not wholly protect local culture from the forces that threatened to destroy it. Yet he also perceived the nation’s limitations in its ability to protect culture. A nation could grow too large for itself, becoming obsessed with consuming other nations. For Tolkien, national property-amassing leads to a loss of the cultural identity that nationhood aims to preserve. When the forces threatening individual nations become overwhelming, those nations often need to join forces to prevent being taken over by other, more powerful countries. An examination of Tolkien’s fiction and numerous other sources, including essays and personal letters, suggests that he felt that separate nations should co-exist without imposing on one another, and that the nation taking over others would lose its own identity, whether gradually or suddenly. Despite Tolkien’s efforts to distance himself from what he felt modernity represented, his fiction (whether consciously or not) grapples with the mid-twentieth century ideological conflicts surrounding the nation. The resulting sense of loss and powerlessness underlies much of Tolkien’s fiction and leads him to a concept of the nation as an imperfect protector of culture, tempered by its need to rely on other nations.

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Birks, Annie. "La rétribution dans l’œuvre de J. R. R. Tolkien". Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040125.

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L’objet de cette thèse est de repérer une logique rétributive dans l’œuvre de J. R. R. Tolkien. La définition du terme rétribution qui a été retenue est celle du Vocabulaire de théologie biblique, à savoir le fait de « recevoir récompense ou châtiment selon ce qu’on a fait ». L’observation de la trajectoire des personnages–clés et des peuples permet de constater une grande cohérence dans le traitement de la rétribution, cohérence qui fait ressortir le soubassement profondément chrétien de l’auteur. Sont placées au cœur de cette étude ses œuvres majeures, Le Silmarillion, Bilbo le Hobbit et Le Seigneur des Anneaux, ainsi que les deux contes Feuille, de Niggle et Smith de Grand Wootton
The object of this thesis is to identify a retributive logic in the works of J. R. R. Tolkien. The definition adopted for the concept of retribution is that found in the Vocabulaire de Théologie Biblique, i. E. « receiving a reward or a punishment according to what has been done ». The observation of the key-characters and peoples shows great coherence in the treatment of retribution and highlights Tolkien’s Christian faith. The investigation mainly focuses on The Silmarillion, The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and also on the two short stories Leaf by Niggle and Smith of Wootton Major

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Cheung, Ka-yee. "A stylistic approach to J.R.R. Tolkien's The hobbit and The lord of the rings /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628612.

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Arantes, Judith Tonioli. "Fantasy e mito em o silmarillion de J. R. R. Tolkien". Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2016. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2921.

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This thesis studies The Silmarillion, a work by J. R. R. Tolkien, in order to identify the mythic structure that underlies the fantasy literature. Myths reveal the sacred and the actions of the heroes and gods in illo tempore and, when taken to the literary work of J.R.R. Tolkien, they allow some thinking about the diferente aspects that are part of the fantasy literature. The Silmarillion can be understood both as a mythological compendium of myths and narratives, and as na expression of fantasy as a genre, what composes the foundation to the thought concerning the the creation of the Secondary World known, in the scope of Tolkien’s work, as Arda. The theoretical studies by Norhtrop Frye regarding the mythological structure presented in literature and the meaning and purport of myths, as well as the theoretical perspectives on fantasy literature as developed by Rosemary Jackson, Lucie Armitt and Farah Mendlesohn, provide the toolsto this study along with the essay by Tolkien known as On fairy stories, that delas with the functions of fairy stories, which can be harmonized with fantasy literature in this study. It is possible, thus, to verify that not only does Tolkien create a World which is the stage to the events in his Works, but also creates, even more specifically, a way to think and write myths in literature aiming to think about importante aspects of the Primary World, that is, the World understood as real. In order to understand the relationship established between the Primary and the Secondary Worlds, three categories which are based on the narrative are presented: the fall, the redemption, and the hope. When considered in the light of the mythological themes and the biblical narrative, they allow the understanding about the dianoia that underlies Tolkien’s narrative, mainly in The Silmarillion.
Esta tese estuda a obra O Silmarillion, de J.R.R. Tolkien a fim de identificar a estruturação mítica que subjaz à literatura de fantasia. Os mitos revelam o sagrado e as ações dos heróis e dos deuses in illo tempore e, quando deslocados para a composição literária de J.R.R. Tolkien, permitem uma reflexão sobre os diferentes aspectos que caracterizam o gênero fantasy. A obra O Silmarillion pode ser compreendida tanto como um compêndio de mitos e narrativas, quanto como uma expressão do gênero fantasia, o que compõem a base para uma reflexão a respeito do pensamento subjacente à criação do Mundo Secundário, conhecido no âmbito da obra de J.R.R. Tolkien, como Arda. Neste estudo, são instrumentalizados os estudos teóricos de Northrop Frye acerca da estrutura mitológica presente na literatura e dos sentidos e significados dos mitos, além das perspectivas teóricas sobre a literatura de fantasia, desenvolvidas nas obras de Rosemary Jackson, Lucie Armitt e Farah Mendlesohn, incluindo, também, o estudo teórico de Tolkien, On fairy stories, que discute as funções das histórias de fadas, que podem ser conciliadas, neste estudo, com a literatura de fantasia. Verifica-se, então, que Tolkien não apenas cria um Mundo, que é palco das narrativas descritas em suas obras, mas cria também e, principalmente, um modo de pensar e escrever o mito na literatura a fim de refletir aspectos importantes do Mundo Primário, ou seja, o mundo postulado como real. Para a compreensão das relações estabelecidas entre o Mundo Primário e o Mundo Secundário, apresentam-se três categorias estruturadoras da narrativa: a queda, a redenção e a esperança, as quais, quando relacionadas aos temas mitológicos e à narrativa bíblica, permitem compreender a dianoia subjacente à narrativa tolkieniana, sobretudo em O Silmarillion.

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Gomes, Emanuelle Garcia. "Fantasia e História: uma abordagem teórica em J. R. R. Tolkien". Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2017. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/19803.

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Esta dissertação pretende investigar a literatura de fantasia como em contos de fadas a partir do aparente impasse entre a racionalidade e a ordem mágica e poética. Teriam as narrativas maravilhosas algo a dizer? A visão mágica dos textos pode deixar de ser restrita apenas às crianças? Por que razão esse tipo de narrativa é caracterizado pela teoria literária (bem como os críticos literários) como uma literatura menor? Se as mesmas não têm muito a dizer, por que permanecem conhecidas e constantemente recriadas, ou estudadas e analisadas por outras áreas do conhecimento, como a psicanálise? A imaginação norteia a produção nas artes e, como um ato humano, propõe um olhar mais denso e consistente. Com isso, a fonte dessa investigação é o autor e acadêmico J. R. R. Tolkien. Assim, sob o viés da criação artística, a tentativa é formular a contraposição entre duas grandes correntes de análise do efeito proporcionado pela trama que possui sua importância histórica: a tradição platônico/aristotélica versus a tradição estética de Kant e dos românticos.
This dissertation intends to investigate fantasy literature as in fairy tales from the apparent impasse between rationality and the magic and poetic order. Would the fantasy narratives have something to say? Could the magical vision of texts not be restricted just to children readers? Why is this kind of narrative characterized by literary theory (as well as literary critics) as a minor literature? If they do not have much to say, why do they still remain known and constantly recreated, or studied and analyzed by other areas of knowledge, such as psychoanalysis? Imagination guides the production in the arts and, as a human act, proposes a denser and more consistent view. Therefore, the author and academic J. R. R. Tolkien is the source of this research. Thus, under the artistic creation view, the attempt is to formulate the contraposition between two great currents analysis of the effect provided by the plot that has its historical importance: the Platonic/Aristotelian tradition versus Kant and the romantics’ esthetic tradition.
Dissertação (Mestrado)

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Dufau, Jean Christophe. "L'etre et le temps dans l'oeuvre de j. R. R. Tolkien". Artois, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ARTO0002.

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L'etre et le temps a pour enjeu l'etude du temps ontologique dans the lord of the rings, the hobbit et the silmarillion, de john ronald reuel tolkien (1892-1973) : 1: le temps ontologique chez tolkien se nourrit des surgissements du domaine autre de l'inconscient. 2: les personnages de tolkien sont constamment en quete de l'autre et une analyse textuelle de l'absence qui hante leurs peregrinations nous eclairera sur leur etre-au-monde. 3: l'absence est douloureuse et les personnages de tolkien cedent parfois a la tentation de la presence pure, laquelle correspondrait au desir de reinstaller une relation privilegiee avec le cosmos comme metaphore de l'unite mere-enfant originelle. 4: cette tentation etant vouee a l'echec, les personnages de tolkien vivent un temps de la perte qui entraine de leur part une recomposition mythique par laquelle l'etre lutte pour donner un sens transcendant a la perte. 5: toute tentative de fuite de la mortalite etant vouee a l'echec, l'etre tolkienien change d'attitude en privilegiant le present comme temps de l'action et de la refiguration. 6: les personnages de tolkien, qui vivent une quete ininterrompue, obtiennent-ils une veritable metamorphose de leur etre ? 7: finalement, qu'en est-il du devenir de l'etre tolkienien ? a la fin de the lord of the rings, l'issue est incertaine, mais comporte neanmoins des traces d'optimisme quant a une possible reconstruction du soi.

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Watkins, Shana. "Embracing the Took kinship between Middle Earth and Sixties youth /". Greensboro, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. http://libres.uncg.edu/edocs/etd/1399/umi-uncg-1399.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 18, 2007). Directed by Hephzibah Roskelly; submitted to the Dept. of English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-75).

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O'Brien, Roderick. "J. R. R. Tolkien (1892-1973) : bases des oeuvres de Tolkien : son art et ses sources". Nancy 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN21025.

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Dans toute son œuvre, et en particulier dans le seigneur des anneaux, le monde fantastique crée par Tolkien reflète sa philosophie de l'art. La première partie de la thèse cherche à analyser cette philosophie de l'art, dont le noyau est la "subcreation" : parallèlement à la création divine existe, selon Tolkien, une "subcreation" qui est l'œuvre de l'artiste. A travers cette "sub-creation", Tolkien parvient à forger un réalisme fantastique, une nouvelle sorte de vérité. Il y arrive grâce à l'alliance entre des formes littéraires traditionnelles (quête, aventures héroïques, contes de fées, légendes) et des inventions personnelles (monde du "middle-earth"). Devant cette création littéraire basée sur un mélange d'érudition et d'invention on se demande à quel type de lecteur Tolkien a voulu s'adresser : enfant ou adulte ? La deuxième partie étudie les sources qui ont nourri l'œuvre de Tolkien, en tentant de différencier entre les mythes, les légendes et les contes de fées. Cette partie renforce l'idée que Tolkien, homme d'une profonde érudition, travaille, certes, dans la lignée d'une grande tradition, mais en y apportant une autre dimension, une empreinte originale et personnelle. La troisième partie évalue l'utilisation de l'expérience personnelle dans l'œuvre de Tolkien : Tolkien est un homme du vingtième siècle et le monde transparait forcement à travers ses récits. Cette partie de l'étude porte non seulement sur les racines de l'auteur et la place de l'histoire contemporaine dans son œuvre, mais aussi sur ses motivations fondamentales - la religion, l'amitié et l'amour. En conclusion on peut dire que dans sa littérature "fantastique" Tolkien n'a pas esquivé le monde réel tel qu'il est, mais a souhaité le déguiser pour pouvoir mieux parler de la réalité tel qu'il la conçoit
In all his works, and in particular in the lord of the rings, the fantasy world created by Tolkien reflects his philosophy of art. The first part of the thesis seeks to analyze this philosophy of art, of which the kernel is "sub-creation»: parallel to divine creation there is, according to Tolkien, a sub-creation which is the artist's work. By means of this sub-creation Tolkien is able to create a fantastic realism, a new sort of truth. He manages this by using a blend of traditional literary forms (quest, heroic adventures, fairy-stories, legends) and personal inventions (world of "middle-earth"). If one considers this literary creation based on a mixture of erudition and invention, it may be wondered which type of reader Tolkien wished to address: child or adult? The second part studies the sources that nourished Tolkien’s works, by attempting to differentiate between myths, legends and fairy-stories. This part reinforces the idea that Tolkien, who was highly erudite, indeed follows a great tradition, but he also adds to it another dimension, thereby leaving his own personal and original mark on the traditional material. The aim of part three is to evaluate the use of personal experience in Tolkien’s works: Tolkien is a twentieth-century man and so inevitably this world is reflected in his tales. This part of the study is not only about the author's roots and the place of contemporary history in his work, but also his fundamental motivations - religion, friendship and love. In conclusion it may be said that in his "fantasy" books, Tolkien did not evade the real world as it is, but wished to disguise it so as to speak more effectively about reality as he perceives it

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Korpua, J. (Jyrki). "Constructive Mythopoetics in J. R. R. Tolkien's Legendarium". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526209289.

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Abstract This doctoral dissertation discusses constructive mythopoetics in J. R. R. Tolkien’s legendarium, the mythopoetic logics and elements on which Tolkien’s texts and his fantasy world are constructed. My aim in this research is to create a reading of Tolkien’s fiction that shows that it is possible to discern a mythopoetic code in Tolkien’s legendarium. My hypothesis is that Tolkien’s mythopoetic fiction aims to be coherent on the levels of languages, myths, and inter- and intratextual background. This coherence can be found throughout the various texts and fragments of Tolkien’s fiction. From the cosmogonical creation myth of The Silmarillion, to the fairy-story lightness of The Hobbit and the quest fantasy of The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien’s fiction has its roots in the mythopoetic logics of his theory of creative writing (or myth-making). Tolkien is the sub-creator; he is creating myths and building his own world. For Tolkien, God is the primary creator, but the author is the (sub-)creator of his own creation. This is consistent throughout Tolkien’s legendarium, despite the fact that whilst creating his fiction, Tolkien is “pretending” to be a translator of mythical pseudo-historical documents. In the main chapters, my research logics trace the inner timeline of Tolkien’s legendarium. Starting from the creation of the world, I move onto the long fall and struggle and to the end of the world. When discussing the theme of creation, I focus on the concept of creation on the intratextual level of Tolkien’s legendarium as well as on Tolkien’s aesthetics of creative work. In the end of the dissertation, I turn my attention also to the creative work of the reader. My theoretical approach is influenced by both Northrop Frye’s constructive theory of literature and Benjamin Harshav’s theory of constructive poetics. I discuss the creative methods of speculative historical epic and the dichotomies of beginning and end, good and evil, mortality and immortality, spiritual and physical, and visibility and invisibility, as well as how these elements are manifested in Tolkien’s mythopoetic vision. The structure of Tolkien’s constructive mythopoetics is illuminated through the grand concepts of the Creation, the Existence, the Fall and the Struggle
Tiivistelmä Väitöskirjani käsittelee konstruktiivista mytopoetiikkaa J. R. R. Tolkienin legendaariossa. Työ keskittyy ennen kaikkea mytopoeettiseen logiikkaan ja elementteihin, joiden kautta Tolkienin tekstit ja hänen luomansa fantasiamaailma rakentuvat. Tutkimukseni muodostaa Tolkienin fiktion luennan, joka osoittaa, että Tolkienin legendaariolle voidaan löytää mytopoeettinen koodi. Tämä koodi havainnollistaa, että Tolkienin mytopoeettinen fiktio luo koherentin ja uskottavan kokonaisuuden kielen, myyttien sekä inter- ja intratekstuaalisten vaikutussuhteiden kautta. Tämä yhteenkuuluvuus ja koodi on nähtävissä, vaikka Tolkienin legendaarion osat ovat keskenään perin erilaisia, eri kirjallisuuslajeihin kuuluvia ja vaikka osa on julkaistu vain fragmentteina hänen kuolemansa jälkeen. Tolkienin mytopoeettinen logiikka ja luovan kirjoittamisen teoria näkyvät aina Silmarillion-teoksen kosmogonisesta luomismyytistä kevyen satumaiseen Hobittiin tai aina seikkailufantasiaan Taru Sormusten Herrasta. Tekijänä Tolkien näyttäytyy teoksissaan “alempana luojana” (sub-creator), joka kehittää myyttejä ja rakentaa fantasiamaailmaansa. Tolkienille Jumala on “ylempi luoja”, johon kirjailija vertautuu fiktion tasolla. Väitöskirjani tutkimuslogiikka seuraa Tolkienin legendaarion aikajärjestystä. Aloitan työni maailmanluomisesta, siirryn tämän jälkeen ns. pitkään tappioon ja haipumiseen sekä aina maailmanloppuun saakka. Luomisen teemaa käsitellessäni päähuomioni on sekä Tolkienin legendaarion teosten sisäisessä kertomuksessa että hänen kirjallisen luomisensa estetiikassa. Väitöskirjan loppupuolella käännän huomiotani myös lukijan “luomistyöhön” teoksia lukiessa. Käyttämääni teoreettiseen näkökulmaan ovat vaikuttaneet erityisesti Northrop Fryen konstruktiivinen kirjallisuusteoria sekä Benjamin Harshavin konstruktiivinen poetiikka. Käsittelyssäni ovat myös spekulatiivisen historiallisen epiikan metodit sekä hyvän ja pahan, kuolevaisuuden ja kuolemattomuuden, henkisen ja fyysisen sekä näkyvän ja näkymättömän vastakkainasetteluparit, ja ennen kaikkea se, kuinka nämä vastakkainasetteluparit ja elementit näyttäytyvät Tolkienin mytopoeettisessa visiossa. Tolkienin fiktion konstruktiivinen mytopoetiikka havainnollistuu metafyysisten ja temaattisten käsitteiden Luominen (Creation), Olemassaolo (Existence), Lankeamus (Fall) ja Ponnistelu (Struggle) kautta

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Silva, Mariana Souza e. [UNESP]. "A caracterização do feminino em The Silmarillion, de J. R. R. Tolkien". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94066.

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Esta dissertação pretende analisar a construção das personagens femininas na obra The Silmarillion, de J. R. R. Tolkien. Esse romance possui um tom fantástico, e é parte de uma mitologia criada por seu autor; as personagens possuem características que vão do humano ao divino, e a maioria delas é formada por homens predominantemente heróicos. O presente trabalho é focado nas personagens femininas da obra, e através da análise de suas descrições físicas e psicológicas, ações, características, enfim, de suas construções, objetiva determinar o modo de representação do autor, chegando-se, assim, a uma reflexão acerca da importância destas personagens na mitologia tolkieniana, à qual The Silmarillion serve como ponto inicial. Faz-se necessário, também, desvendar a influência de fatores políticos, sociais e históricos na criação e desenvolvimento destas personagens. A obra estudada relata os fatos que servem como fundo mítico à criação do mundo no qual se passa, a Terra-média. São contados os acontecimentos que deram origem a tudo, seres e ambientes, sentimentos, o Mal e sua eterna luta contra o Bem pelo poder. Pretendemos realizar este intento com o auxílio de teorias diversas, em especial a linha feminista da crítica literária que se ocupa do papel da mulher como leitora de textos de autoria masculina, como é o caso. Esperamos, também, contribuir com o crescente interesse pela obra do autor inglês, deixado à margem do cânone pela crítica especializada, para que assim se possa reconhecer a importância de sua obra em seu tempo, e também a de suas personagens femininas.
This dissertation intends to analyse the female characterization in the novel The Silmarillion, written by J. R. R. Tolkien. This novel has a fantastic tone, and it is part of a mythology created by its author; the characters have features that go from human to divine, and most of them are formed by men that act as heroes. The present study focuses on the female characters of the novel, and through the analysis of their physical and psychological descriptions, actions, features, in short, their constructions, it intends to determine the author’s way of representation; so, it will be possible to reach a reflection about the importance of these characters in the Tolkienian mythology, to which The Silmarillion figures as the initial point. It is also necessary to unmask the influence of political, social and historical factors on the creation and development of these characters. The novel gives an account on the facts that figure as a mythical background to the world where it is placed, Middle-earth. The events that were the origin to everything, beings and places, feelings, Evil and its eternal fight against Good for power, are told. We intend to achieve this goal with the support of many theories, especially the feminist trend of literary criticism that deals with the role of woman as a reader of texts written by men, as it is the case. We also wish to contribute to the growing interest on the works of the English author, who was left at the edge of the canon by the specialized critics, so that it is possible to recognize the importance of his work at his time, and also the importance of his female characters.

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Timmons, Dan. "Mirror on Middle-earth, J. R. R. Tolkien and the critical perspectives". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0014/NQ35342.pdf.

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Silva, Mariana Souza e. "A caracterização do feminino em "The Silmarillion", de J. R. R. Tolkien /". Assis : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94066.

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Orientador: Cleide Antonia Rapucci
Banca: Ivan Marcos Ribeiro
Banca: Jorge Augusto da Silva Lopes
Resumo: Esta dissertação pretende analisar a construção das personagens femininas na obra The Silmarillion, de J. R. R. Tolkien. Esse romance possui um tom fantástico, e é parte de uma mitologia criada por seu autor; as personagens possuem características que vão do humano ao divino, e a maioria delas é formada por homens predominantemente heróicos. O presente trabalho é focado nas personagens femininas da obra, e através da análise de suas descrições físicas e psicológicas, ações, características, enfim, de suas construções, objetiva determinar o modo de representação do autor, chegando-se, assim, a uma reflexão acerca da importância destas personagens na mitologia tolkieniana, à qual The Silmarillion serve como ponto inicial. Faz-se necessário, também, desvendar a influência de fatores políticos, sociais e históricos na criação e desenvolvimento destas personagens. A obra estudada relata os fatos que servem como fundo mítico à criação do mundo no qual se passa, a Terra-média. São contados os acontecimentos que deram origem a tudo, seres e ambientes, sentimentos, o Mal e sua eterna luta contra o Bem pelo poder. Pretendemos realizar este intento com o auxílio de teorias diversas, em especial a linha feminista da crítica literária que se ocupa do papel da mulher como leitora de textos de autoria masculina, como é o caso. Esperamos, também, contribuir com o crescente interesse pela obra do autor inglês, deixado à margem do cânone pela crítica especializada, para que assim se possa reconhecer a importância de sua obra em seu tempo, e também a de suas personagens femininas.
Abstract: This dissertation intends to analyse the female characterization in the novel The Silmarillion, written by J. R. R. Tolkien. This novel has a fantastic tone, and it is part of a mythology created by its author; the characters have features that go from human to divine, and most of them are formed by men that act as heroes. The present study focuses on the female characters of the novel, and through the analysis of their physical and psychological descriptions, actions, features, in short, their constructions, it intends to determine the author's way of representation; so, it will be possible to reach a reflection about the importance of these characters in the Tolkienian mythology, to which The Silmarillion figures as the initial point. It is also necessary to unmask the influence of political, social and historical factors on the creation and development of these characters. The novel gives an account on the facts that figure as a mythical background to the world where it is placed, Middle-earth. The events that were the origin to everything, beings and places, feelings, Evil and its eternal fight against Good for power, are told. We intend to achieve this goal with the support of many theories, especially the feminist trend of literary criticism that deals with the role of woman as a reader of texts written by men, as it is the case. We also wish to contribute to the growing interest on the works of the English author, who was left at the edge of the canon by the specialized critics, so that it is possible to recognize the importance of his work at his time, and also the importance of his female characters.
Mestre

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Chémali, Marc. "Le sacré dans The Lord of the Rings de J. R. R. Tolkien". Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100168.

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The Lord of the rings est un récit hybride ou des éléments empruntés aux mythologies germano-scandinaves expriment une vision judéo-chrétienne. La représentation de la transcendance fait appel à la fois au sacer et au sanctus ainsi, le sacré s'oppose au saint et au profane. Cette opposition est redoublée par l'opposition entre les deux pôles du sacré. Ces oppositions multiples débouchent sur la guerre de l'anneau c'est-à-dire sur une crise sacrificielle a l'issue de laquelle le cosmos se trouve régénéré. Le cadre temporel du récit étant de ce fait la fin d'une ère et le début d'une autre, la représentation du temps renvoie au mythe. D’autant plus que le conflit et les protagonistes apparaissent comme les avatars du conflit primordial entre des créatures de nature angélique. Cette dimension cyclique du temps est contredite par une intégration dudit conflit a une trame historique, soit une représentation linéaire du temps. De même, l'espace est représenté de manière hétérogène : il est à la fois ptolémaïque et copernicien, et s'organise en réseaux de ruptures ou les espaces sacrés vont s'opposer entre eux, mais aussi aux espaces saints et à l'espace profane, chaotique et indifférencié. Ces ruptures spatio-temporelles qui fondent le cosmos se retrouvent également sur le plan linguistique. En plus des ruptures de ton - notamment l'utilisation ponctuelle d'archaïsmes -, le passage de la prose au vers marquent l'irruption du sacre dans le monde. Enfin, l'invention de langues elfiques à la fois liturgiques et hiérophantiques inscrit le principe de perméabilité esprit matière au cœur du récit. L’anneau qui apparait comme la manifestation ultime de cette perméabilité est un renvoi évident a la mythologie païenne germano-scandinave. L’originalité de la quête tolkienienne est qu'elle vise à détruire cet anneau. C’est ainsi que dans le renoncement final au pouvoir le mythe s'anéantit pour céder la place à l'histoire sainte
The Lord of the Rings is a hybrid in which elements borrowed from northern mythologies are used to express a Judeo-Christian weltanschauung the representation of transcendence calls both on the notions of sacer and sanctus. Thus can we oppose the sacred to the holy and to the profane. This opposition is redoubled by that between the two antithetic poles of the sacred. Those manifold oppositions lead to the war or the ring, he to a sacrificial crisis at the end of which the whole cosmos is regenerated. The time setting of the action being at once the end of an age and the beginning of another, the representation of time appears derived from myth. All the more so as the conflict and the protagonists are presented as avatars of the primordial conflict that involved creatures of angelic natures. This cyclical dimension of time is contradicted by an integration of the conflict to a historical frame, i. E. A linear representation of time. Likewise, space is represented heterogeneously: it is both Ptolemaic and Copernican and is organized in a network of oppositions between sacred places themselves, but also between them and holy or profane places. This space-time heterogeneity that founds the cosmos finds an echo on the linguistic level. In addition to the sudden shifts in the narrative tone - mainly the recourse to archaisms - , the shift from prose to verse also marks the intrusion of the sacred in the world. Lastly, the invention of elfish liturgical and hier ophanical tongues places the principle of spirit matter permeability at the heart of the story. The ring, the ultimate manifestation of this permeability, is an obvious reference to northern heathen mythology. The originality of Tolkien’s quest is that it aims at destroying the ring. This is how, in the final renunciation to power, myth annihilates itself to make room for holy history

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Goldie, David. "Les adaptations cinématographiques des romans de J. R. R. Tolkien, C. S. Lewis et J. K. Rowling". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3113.

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L’adaptation existe depuis les débuts du cinéma. Dès lors, le nombre de versions filmiques d’œuvres littéraires ne cesse de croître et l’adaptation reste au cœur de la production cinématographique partout dans. Toutefois nous constatons que l’adaptation se trouve dans une situation quelque peu paradoxale. Ce qui motive sa conception est également à l’origine de la majeure partie des critiques. D’une part, le bénéfice économique est évident. La notoriété d’un roman à succès garantit un public nombreux. D’autre part, le contexte créatif se révèle difficile car, du point de vue ontologique, l’adaptation préserve la comparaison traditionnelle en s’appuyant sur un paradigme oppositionnel des arts où le film se doit de se justifier face au texte source. Se situant à la croisée des arts, l’adaptation focalise un débat sur une hiérarchie notionnelle des arts où la narration à travers des images serait toujours perçue comme inférieure aux autres formes. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions ce phénomène dans le contexte de la résurgence de la fantasy lors des années 2000. Ce fait culturel du monde anglophone atteindra un niveau inattendu au cinéma avec le succès des adaptations des romans de J. R. R. Tolkien et de J. K. Rowling tandis que la réception des versions filmiques des œuvres de C. S. Lewis peut paraître mitigée. À partir de ces constats, nous nous interrogeons parallèlement sur le processus et le produit de l’adaptation en plaçant notre corpus au centre du débat à travers une approche descendante de comparaison. Nous espérons ainsi pouvoir apporter quelques éléments de réflexion sur l’engouement du public pour ces histoires et sur l’adaptation comme domaine d’étude
Adaptation has been a part of cinema since its very beginning. Since then, the number of film versions of literary works which appear on screen has never ceases to increase and adaptation is still at the heart of cinematic production around the world. Adaptation actually exists in a rather paradoxical situation. What motivates its conception is also the source of the majority of criticism against it. On one hand, the economic advantage is clear. The fame of a popular novel guarantees a large audience. On the other hand, its creative context can prove to be difficult since ontologically adaptation serves to preserve the traditional comparison based on an oppositional paradigm of the arts where the film has to justify itself in front of the source text. Standing at a crossroads between the arts, adaptation is the focus of a debate on a notional hierarchy within the arts where narration through images could still be perceived as inferior compared to other forms.We wanted to study this phenomenon within the context of the resurgence of fantasy witnessed in the 2000’s in this thesis. In the English-speaking world this cultural event reached an unexpected level with the success of the adaptations of J. R. R. Tolkien and J. K. Rowling’s novels while the film versions of C. S. Lewis’ works were less well received. With these points in mind, we consider the process and the product of adaptation in order to situate our corpus in the debate through a top down approach of comparison. We thus hope to bring some elements of reflections on the craze for these stories and the domain of adaptation studies

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Gonçalves, Dircilene Fernandes. "Pseudotradução, linguagem e fantasia em \'O Senhor dos Anéis\', de J. R. R. Tolkien". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8147/tde-17102007-140251/.

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Em mais de meio século desde a publicação do primeiro volume de O Senhor dos Anéis, de J. R. R. Tolkien, em 1954, a maioria das discussões sobre a construção ficcional tolkieniana tem se concentrado em sua fundamentação lingüística, ou seja, o fato, reafirmado diversas vezes pelo próprio Tolkien, de que a obra foi escrita para dar um mundo às línguas inventadas por ele. O ponto de partida desta pesquisa é a observação do trabalho lingüístico de Tolkien desde uma outra perspectiva: a da concepção da narrativa como tradução fictícia. Partindo de um estudo da pseudotradução dentro dos Estudos da Tradução, observamos como ela opera especificamente nessa obra, com o objetivo de demonstrar que ela é não só uma técnica, mas o princípio criativo da narrativa. Após analisarmos a ficção tradutória que serve como moldura para a narração dos eventos da estória, complementamos a pesquisa com um estudo da utilização da linguagem na construção da fantasia mitológica de Tolkien. Na somatória dessas duas operações, procuramos mostrar como o processo de encadeamento de uma ficção dentro de outra ficção é fundamental para a criação de uma obra no limiar da fantasia e da realidade.
Throughout more than half a century since the publication of the first volume of J. R. R. Tolkien\'s The Lord of the Rings, in 1954, most discussions on the composition of Tolkien\'s fiction have concentrated on the fact that it is a fundamentally linguistic work; namely, the fact, sustained many times by Tolkien himself, that the narrative was created to give a world to the languages invented by the author. The starting point of this research is the observation of such linguistic composition from another perspective: the conception of the narrative as a fictitious translation. Setting about from a study of pseudotranslation inside Translation Studies, we examine how it operates specifically in this work, aiming at demonstrating that it is not merely a narrative technique, but the very creative principle of the narration. After the analysis of the translational fiction, which functions as a frame for the rendering of the events in the story, we present a further study on the use of language in the construction of Tolkien\'s mythological fantasy. Summing up these two operations, we aim at showing how the interlacing process of one fiction into another is fundamental for the creation of a work that dwells on the threshold of fantasy and reality.

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Racy, Gustavo. "Lá e de volta outra vez : J. R. R. Tolkien - campo literário e editorial". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2373.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
What legitimates a text? In what way may one understand literature and even analyze it? This research has as its objective to think about the existents relations in the production of the English literary field departing from three ways: Pierre Bourdieu s sociological analysis of the exchange of symbolic goods and the social and political relations involving the different social fields with which the literary field relates; the historic situation departing from the analysis of Raymond Williams and Edward Palmer Thompson; and at last, the analysis of the chosen literary piece itself through the ideals of myth, language and literature on Walter Benjamin s thinking. For that given its contradictory position in the field - J.R.R Tolkien s work was chosen as object. Even reaching extraordinary levels of popularity in so little time in a moment when publicity and propaganda hadn t invaded the editorial field, the authors work still lives on despite its success through different generations and classes as minor literature, being excluded and little debated by its legitimate pairs
O que legitima um texto? De que modo se pode compreender a literatura e mesmo analisá-la? Esta dissertação tem como objetivo pensar as relações existentes na produção do campo literário inglês tomando por base três vertentes: a análise sociológica de Pierre Bourdieu sobre a troca dos bens simbólicos e as relações sociais e políticas envolvidas nos diferentes campos sociais com os quais dialoga o campo literário; a situação histórica baseada nas reflexões de Raymond Williams e Edward Palmer Thompson; e por último a análise interna da obra escolhida a partir das reflexões sobre mito, linguagem e literatura no pensamento de Walter Benjamin. Para isso, foi selecionada como objeto de investigação, e por sua situação contraditória no campo literário, a obra de John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, autor que atingiu marcas espetaculares de popularidade em pouco tempo e em um momento em que a publicidade e a propaganda ainda não haviam invadido o campo editorial; talvez por isso, e apesar do sucesso ultrapassou gerações e classes, seja considerado pelo campo literário um autor menor , carente de legitimação entre seus pares

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Syme, Margaret Ruth. "Tolkien as gospel writer". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=43459.

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To the extent that Tolkien's fantasy meets his own criteria for faL. ie as the "eucatastrophic " tale which points toward "Evangelium," the eschaton when God's plan in creation will be fulfilled and the effects of the fall overcome, Tolkien may be described as a gospel writer. That he intended his work to be read as "gospel," "the good news of the Kingdom of God," is suggested by its allusions to biblical and classical mythology, its linear view of history, its presentation as a compilation of received tradition. collected and translated by many hands from a wide variety of sources, by the location of Middle Earth in the distant past of our own world and by the author's attempt to create a world which comforms to familiar patterns of evolution. Less successful is his effort to provide his tale with a consistent Christian point of view.
Dans la mesure, cette oeuvre d'imagination repond aux crit6res de f6erie de Tolkien en tant que conte "eucatastrophic" qui montre le chemin vers "I'Evangelium", cette eschatalogie qui se situe au moment o0 la volontê de Dieu est accomplie et les effets de la chute sont surmontes, Tolkien peut etre. considers comme un auteur biblique. Le fait qu'il est voulu que son oeuvre soit lue en tant qu'"&angile", "la bonne nouvelle du Royaunie de Dieu" est suggêre par diffèrentes choses: les allusions faites a la mythologie biblique et classique, la vision linêaire de l'histoire, la presentation du texte en tant que compilation d'une tradition provenant de sources diverses, transmise, recueillie et traduite par diffèrentes personnes, la situation geographique dans "Middle earth"(l'empire du Milieu) dans un passé lointain, le fait que l'auteur ait essay6 de crêer un monde conforme au processus connu de l'êvolution. 10anmoins l'auteur n'a pas rêussi dans ce conte a maintenir un point de vue chrêtien. fr

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Ericsson, Emil. "Culhwch & Lúthien : Keltisk mytologi i J. R. R. Tolkiens sagovärld". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-38494.

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This study investigates in what respects Celtic mythology influenced J. R. R. Tolkien when writing the sagas incorporated in the mythopoeic compilation of The Silmarillion. Through narrative and comparative analysis, stories from the Irish prose collection Lebor Gabála Érenn, as well as the Welsh medieval manuscript Mabinogion, are collated to the tales of The Silmarillion in order to illuminate possible influences. The survey showed that even though Tolkien expressed a certain distaste for everything Celtic, several elements of Irish and Welsh mythology are indeed visible in his works.

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Howard, Scott Davis. "Recreating Beowulf's "pregnant moment of poise" pagan doom and Christian eucatastrophe made incarnate in the Dark Age setting of The lord of the rings /". CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-03312008-092626/.

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Lindauer, Ruth Elizabeth. "Small acts of faithfulness an analysis of selected works of Tolkien /". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.

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Lopes, Reinaldo Jose. "A árvore das estórias: uma proposta de tradução para Tree and Leaf, de J. R. R. Tolkien". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8147/tde-10082007-154453/.

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Este trabalho é uma proposta de tradução estrangeirizadora para a coletânea Tree and leaf, de J.R.R. Tolkien. Argumento que, adotando a perspectiva filológica que norteou o trabalho do autor britânico, bem como as idéias sobre as possibilidades da tradução propostas por Antoine Berman e Walter Benjamim, é viável recriar em português as conexões singulares entre língua, história e mito que marcam o trabalho de Tolkien. Apresento também minha tradução comentada dos quatro textos que compõem a coletânea - On-fairy stories, Mythopoeia, Leaf by Niggle e The homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm\'s son, os três primeiros na versão completa - de maneira a demonstrar como essa possibilidade pode tomar forma na tradução em si
This work is a proposal of a foreignizing translation for the anthology Tree and leaf, by J.R.R. Tolkien. I argue that, by adopting the philological perspective that informed the work of that British author, as well as the ideas on the possibilities of translation put forward by Antoine Berman and Walter Benjamim, it is feasible to recreate in Portuguese the unique conexions between language, history and myth that are a trademark of Tolkien\'s work. I also present my translation and commentary of the four texts that make up the anthology - On-fairy stories, Mythopoeia, Leaf by Niggle e The homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm\'s son, of which the first three are presented in their entirety - in order to demonstrate how this possibility may develop in an actual Portuguese translation

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Rufo, Alline Duarte. "Melkor, o inimigo do mundo : a constituição do vilão em o Silmarillion de J. R. R. Tolkien". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7817.

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O bem é mau e o mal é bom, assim, o vilão, não é de todo, um sujeito mal. Direcionar novos olhares para os conceitos de feio e belo, bem e mal a partir da reflexão sobre a constituição do inimigo e como este se torna o vilão foi a proposta deste trabalho, por isso, ele tem como objetivo principal compreender como se constitui o vilão, Melkor, em O Silmarillion de J. R. R. Tolkien, obra esta que narra o surgimento de Arda – mundo ficcional do autor, onde se passam as histórias de sua mitologia – os acontecimentos de sua Primeira Era, surgimento do bem e do mal e as constituições morais e éticas dos sujeitos com base nessa dicotomia. Refletir sobre estas questões levou a percepção de que é na alteridade, na relação eu-outro, que se constitui o sujeito valorado como vilão. Para tanto, recorreu-se as teorias preconizadas pelo filosofo da linguagem russo Mikhail Bakhtin e o Círculo, como caminho metodológico, conjuntamente com a jornada do herói desenvolvida por Joseph Campbell em O Herói de Mil Faces. Esse exercício se dá na tentativa de demonstrar que o vilão não é apenas um antagonista do herói e detentor de todo o mal, mas sim um sujeito singular e único na sua vida que se constitui na relação com o outro. Ele é valorado socialmente de forma negativa, seja pelos seus atos ou estética, a partir do olhar do outro e do seu posicionamento moral na realidade em que faz parte, tendo assim, seus atos considerados como perversos e sua estética como feia, monstruosa ou grotesca. Conclui-se que o vilão, assim como herói, é bem e mal, feio e belo e a sua constituição se dá na relação com o outro. O herói também comete ações contra o vilão, também é monstruoso e grotesco, no entanto ele é aquele que concorda com um discurso dominante. E é quando herói se coloca na relação com o vilão, aquele que questiona, que ambos se constituem como bons e maus; belos e feios.

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Pueppke, Michael Ross John Robert. "Awakening a world with words how J.R.R. Tolkien uses linguistic narrative techniques to take his readers to Faery in his short story, Smith of Wootton Major /". [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3927.

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Stainle, Stéfano [UNESP]. "Gandalf: a linha na agulha de Tolkien". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141473.

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Com essa pesquisa pretende-se, a partir de uma abordagem teórico-crítica de O Senhor dos Anéis, obra máxima de J. R. R. Tolkien, analisar o modo de atuação da personagem Gandalf, de forma a esclarecer e melhor compreender como essa personagem atua na narrativa e, com essa atuação, possibilita a existência da narrativa em si mesma, equilibrando ou desequilibrando o compasso do enredo. A forma como ela se movimenta e se manifesta no enredo é que permite concluir que cabe a Gandalf a responsabilidade de ser o urdidor dos elementos narrativos. Ele possilita que os elementos distintos da obra se conectem e dessa forma impulsionem a narrativa. Para tal análise há a mobilização de teorias que se referem à atuação da personagem e ao contexto literário em questão. Tais teorias são relacionadas aos gêneros romance, épica, contos de fadas, novelas de cavalaria e mito, bem como a psicanálise, religião, personagem e herói. Partindo do estudo da referida personagem, intenciona-se contribuir, em última instância, para uma melhor compreensão do universo ficcional criado pelo autor e um melhor entendimento dos recursos utilizados na composição da atuação da referida personagem na narrativa, aspecto que até o momento não foi adequadamente abordado e analisado pela crítica especializada na obra do autor.
With this research it is intended to analyse the way of acting of the character Gandalf departing from a theoretical-critical approach of The Lord of the Rings, J. R. R. Tolkien’s masterpiece, and by this, searching the enlightment and better understanding of how this character acts on the paths of the narrative and how this acting makes possible the existence of narrative itself, by balancing or even unbalancing the plot’s compass. The way he moves and acts in the plot allows us to conclude that Gandalf is the responsible for manipulating the narrative elements. He makes possible the connection among different elements of the plot, boosting the narrative. There is a mobilization of theories concerning the character's performance and the literary context to do such analysis. The theories are related to the genres novel, epic, fairy tale, romance and myth, as well as to the psychoanalysis, the religion, the character and the hero. Departing from the study of the referred character, it is intended to contribute, in the last resort, to a better understanding of the fictional universe created by the author and a better comprehension of the resources used in the composition of the reported character’s performance in the narrative, an aspect that was not properly approached and analysed by the critics on the work of the author.

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Thivent, Valérie. "Le thème de la quête dans "L'enchanteur" de Rene Barjavel "The lord of the rings" de J. R. R Tolkien". Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100192.

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La premiere partie est consacree aux definitions de la quete ses enjeux ne se revelent que progressivement. Les heros la comprennent differemment et utilisent un vocabulaire different a son egard. L'origine la forme et le contenu de l'objet de la quete permettent de mieux comprendre la mission des heros. Le graal et l'anneau sont l'exact oppose l'un de l'autre, et possedent des fonctions semblables ce ne sont pas les seuls intermediaires de la revelation, de nombreux objets, voire des personnages leur sont comparables. Pour les auteurs, la quete represente aussi bien un pretexte litteraire que l'illustration de leur propre recherche interieure. Dans la deuxieme partie sont etudies les personnages de la quete : les heros, les compagnons, les magiciens, les ennemis la troisieme partie suit le deroulement de la quete. Le mouvement de la quete est inverse dans les deux oeuvres : trouver le graal dans l'une, detruire l'anneau dans l'autre. Mais elles se ressemblent dans leurs epreuves et dans leurs consequences. L'une des etapes majeures est celle de la tentation. L'amour fait obstacle a la quete dans l'enchanteur. Certaines formes d'amour sont condamnees, mais lorsque l'amour atteint l'ideal, dl peut rivaliser avec le graal. La quete est etroitement liee au voyage initiatique, meme ceux qui echouent dans la quete accomplissent un parcours interieur la quatrieme partie est consacree aux significations de la quete. Il existe plusieurs formes de divin dont l'influence est importante sur la quete. La quete est source d'experiences mystiques. Elle permet egalement aux heros de s'interroger sur le sens de la vie, d'autant plus qu'elle est fortement liee a l'epreuve de la mort. La derniere partie s'interesse a l'achevement de la quete, qui est a la fois reussite et echec. Le mal ne disparait jamais entierement, chaque homme doit reconquerir son propre graal
The first part is dedicated to the definition of the quest. Its stakes appear little by little. The heroes understand it differently and use a different vocabulary to talk about it. The origin, the shape and the content of the object of the quest allow a better understanding of the quest. The grail and the, ring are exactly unlike and have similar functions. They are not the only intermediaries in the revelation, numerous objects, even characters can be compared to them. According to the authors, the quest can be either a literary pretext or the illustration of their interior quest. The object of the second part is a study of the characters of the quest : the heroes, companions, wizards, enemies. The third part deals with the progress of the quest. The aim of the quest is opposite in both books : to find the grail, in the first one, and to destroy the ring in the second one. But they are similar in their trials and consequences. One of the most important trial is the temptation. Love is an obstacle to the quest. In l'enchanteur. Some kind of love are condemned but when love achieves the ideal, it can rival with the grail. The quest is closely linked to an initiatory trip. Even those who fail in the quest live an interior journey. The fourth part is dedicated to the meanings of the quest. There are many forms of divine which have an important influence on the quest. The quest is at the origin of mystic experiences. Thanks to the quest, the heroes can ponder over the meaning of life, all the more since it is strongly linked with death. The last part is about the achievement of the quest, which is at the same time success and failure. Evil will never disappear completely. Every man must reconquer its own grail

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Ducreux, François. "L'espace imaginaire dans les œuvres de J. R. R. Tolkien : The Lord of the Rings, The Hobbit, The Silmarillion, Unfinished tales". Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040102.

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Ce travail est une classification topologique de l'univers imaginaire d'Arda selon les critères de l'analyse archétypale. La première partie analyse le mythe cosmogonique puis la géographie d'Arda et son évolution vers celle du monde actuel. Middle-Earth est présentée à la lumière des "régimes" symboliques de l'image définis par Durand. L'imagerie aquatique est marquée du schème diairetique et des images de mort. De même, la montagne (pic ou chaine) est obstacle, rarement franchissable par l'ascension, d'où la traversée de passages souterrains aux connotations infernales. On note une plus grande recherche dans les paysages dominés par le mal dont la représentation était capitale pour Tolkien. Les images d'intimité sont plus rares. L'espace sylvestre est privilégié. L'arbre s'y révèle un symbole capital. L'étude des demeures et autres lieux d'habitation montre que les villes représentent l'aménagement de sites naturels et sont dominées par un souci de protection : enceintes multiples ou situation souterraine. Les cycles de vie-mort-résurrection sont très nombreux. Les annexes présentent quelques jalons pour une étude de l'évolution cartographique d'Arda
This work is a topological classification of the imaginary universe of Arda according to the criteria of archetypal analysis. The first part analyses the cosmogonic myth, the geography of Arda and its evolution towards present day earth. Middle-earth is put under the light of the symbolic "regimes" of imagination defined by Durand. Water imagery deeply emphasizes the diairetic scheme and images of death. Mountains (peaks or chains) are obstacles which can rarely be climbed up successfully. Thence the crossing through dark subterranean passages endowed with infernal connotations. One can remark a more deeply "felt" description of landscapes dominated by evil whose delineation was highly important for Tolkien. Images of intimacy are rarer. Wooded spaces are rather privileged. The tree turns out to be a very potent symbol in Tolkien’s works. The study of all forms of housing shows towns and cities represent the development of natural sites and are marked by a profound desire for protection expressed through multiple walls or enclosures or their underground situation. The cycles of life-death-resurrection are numerous. Annexes give a few guidelines for a study of the cartographic evolution of Arda

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Means, Jonathan Pullen. "The role of wonder in the Lord of the Rings". [Pensacola, Fla.] : University of West Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/WFE0000069.

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Lasseter, Helen Theresa Wood Ralph C. "Fate, providence, and free will : clashing perspectives of world order in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth /". Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4845.

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Herlin, Ulf. "Att översätta Tolkien. En jämförande studie". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23513.

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Uppsatsen jämför de båda svenska översättningarna av JRR Tolkiens Lord of the Rings: Åke Ohlmarks Sagan om ringen från 1959 och Erik Anderssons Ringens brödraskap från 2004.Syftet är att se vilken översättning som är närmast originalet och författarens intentioner. Genom att jämföra olika uttryck ges en konkret bild av vilken översättning som mest överensstämmer med Tolkiens originaltext.Dessutom tas olika aspekter på översättande i allmänhet upp, likväl som vilka specifika svårigheter som finns i översättandet av bokens olika konstruerade språk.Min slutsats är att Ringens brödraskap är mest trogen originalet och att läsaren i den får mer eget tolkningsuttrymme.

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Dudley, Cynthia. "Christian heroism in J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61875.

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Langone, Giulia. "J. R. R. Tolkien tra adattamento e invenzione: "The Story of Kullervo" come rielaborazione del poema epico finlandese e proposta di traduzione". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9797/.

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Opera di recente pubblicazione, "The Story of Kullervo" è il racconto che più di tutti mostra l'esistenza di un profondo legame tra J. R. R. Tolkien e la lingua e cultura finlandese. Scopo di questo elaborato è quello di analizzare soprattutto il rapporto tra l'autore e il poema epico finlandese, il Kalevala, proponendo la traduzione della storia. L'elaborato è strutturato nel seguente modo: nel primo paragrafo viene trattato il Kalevala come opera letteraria e come fonte di ispirazione per Tolkien. Nel secondo paragrafo viene analizzato il testo del racconto in quanto testo letterario e nel terzo vengono commentate le scelte traduttive effettuate.

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Ross, Larry J. "The use of Tolkien's 'The lord of the rings' trilogy in contemporary pre-evangelism". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001-1235.

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Thesis (D. Min.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2008.
Includes abstract. Appendix A: Pastor's guide to The lord of the rings : a resource for fellow pastors who love "The lord of the rings" / by Larry J. Ross. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-112).

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Hopkins-Utter, Shane. ""An echo of an echo" : J.R.R. Tolkien's Middle-earth as elegiac romance". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79947.

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Tolkien's aesthetic enjoyment of distance and antiquity in literature, his interest in the power of imagination, and his use of medieval romances and ancient fairy-tales as a means of rediscovering an enchanted vision of the world are analogous to the literary endeavours of the Romantics. Like them, he perceives that the real world is inherently different from how he imagines an ideal world. This thesis discovers that Tolkien's writings correspond in numerous ways to the modern form of elegiac romance, most notably because of their positive portrayals of mortality, and their depictions of intense yearning. The moral imperative to accept death, exemplified by the heroic ethos of Old English literature, clarifies why the effect of historicity is often noted in Tolkien's fictions: time is mimetic rather than mythological. Tolkien demonstrates that Fantasy is capable of reflecting the most sombre issues of the real world, particularly the inevitability of death.

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Cruise, Billy D. "Blurring the lines between fantasy and reality : the cultural pervasiveness of The Lord of The Rings /". Electronic version (PDF), 2003. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2003/cruiseb/billycruise.pdf.

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Norlund, Sara. "The Lord of the Rings Through the Lens of Narratology : A Narratological Analysis of J. R. R. Tolkien's Masterpiece". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-32446.

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The aim with this essay is, through the lens of narratology, to study J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings, and find as many examples of different narratological aspects as possible. These narratological aspects will then be presented in a thorough analysis. Furthermore, the difference in narratological theory between realistic and unrealistic literature is highlighted. The aim is also to try and find out whether the narrative structure might have influenced the novel’s popularity among its numerous readers. The analysis shows that the primary narrator is omniscient, the novel is well structured with good descriptions of the settings and well depicted portrayals of the characters. The analysis also shows that time and space are equally as important as in a classical work of fiction. Moreover, it is evident that the narrative structure is an essential aspect of the success and longevity of the novel, in which the narration and the characterizations are vital. The analysis also highlights the unrealistic features of the novel.

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Ricker, Anna Patricia [Verfasser], i Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Houswitschka. "„No name, no business, no Precious, nothing. Only empty.“ J. R. R. Tolkien: Ein Autor der literarischen Moderne / Anna Patricia Ricker. Betreuer: Christoph Houswitschka". Bamberg : Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1058478222/34.

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Marques, Mirane Campos [UNESP]. "Uma história que não tem fim: um estudo sobre a fantasia literária". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127775.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-17T15:25:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-03-02. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-09-17T15:48:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000845650.pdf: 1361119 bytes, checksum: f65124277ddd82613be8be24a023a731 (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Este trabalho propõe uma revisão e uma delimitação do gênero fantasia que se dará fundamentalmente por meio do diálogo com as noções de contos de fadas e de fantasia tal como formuladas por J. R. R. Tolkien (2013) em seu ensaio Sobre contos de fadas. Em termos de revisão, procuraremos o cotejo entre a teoria do autor de O senhor dos anéis e críticos tais como Manlove (1982, 1990), Laetz e Johnston (2008), Stableford (1990), Attebery (1980, 1990, 1992). No que tange à delimitação, interessar-nos-á particularmente o contraponto com a concepção do gênero maravilhoso proposta por Todorov (2007). Tal postura contribuirá para a afirmação da fantasia como um gênero mais bem delineado e coerente, contribuindo, também, para a coesão do próprio maravilhoso, gênero demasiado amplo que congrega obras muito heterogêneas. A fantasia surgirá, desse modo, como um dos limites do maravilhoso, justamente quando os elementos sobrenaturais da narrativa possuem o que Tolkien chama de consistência interna de realidade, constituindo um Mundo Secundário. Portanto, enquanto no maravilhoso encontra-se uma integração (e harmonização) entre o natural e o sobrenatural, a fantasia implicará uma disjunção entre duas realidades, dois Mundos. Segundo essa concepção, propomos uma leitura de A história sem fim, de Michael Ende, focada, por um lado, nos procedimentos narrativos que favorecem a construção da fantasia, e, por outro, no aspecto metalinguístico que ocupa uma posição central no romance do escritor alemão. A abordagem da obra de Ende, dessa forma, deverá simultaneamente permitir o contato entre a teoria sobre a fantasia e a obra literária e favorecer conexões com outras narrativas (como As crônicas de Nárnia, O senhor dos anéis, O silmarillion, Mestre Gil de Ham e a série Harry Potter) que dela se aproximam, contribuindo, consequentemente, para uma melhor delimitação do...
This work proposes a revision and delimitation of the fantasy genre that will fundamentally occur through the dialogue with the notions of fairy tales and fantasy as formulated by J. R. R. Tolkien (2013) in his essay On Fairy Stories. In terms of revision, it will be done a comparison between The Lord of the Rings author's theory and the ones by critics such as Manlove (1982, 1990), Laetz and Johnston (2008), Stableford (1990), Attebery (1980, 1990, 1992). Regarding delimitation, it will interest us, particularly, the counterpoint with the marvelous as thought by Todorov (2007). This posture will contribute to fantasy's affirmation as a better lineate and coherent genre, contributing also to the cohesion of the marvelous itself, since it is a broad genre that brings together several heterogeneous works. Thus fantasy will appear as one of marvelous' limits, precisely when the narrative's supernatural elements have what Tolkien calls internal consistency of reality, constituting a Secondary World. Therefore, while in the marvelous it is found an integration (and harmonization) between natural and supernatural, fantasy imply a disjunction between two realities, two worlds. According to this conception, this work proposes a reading of Micahel Ende's The Neverending Story focusing, on the one hand, in the narrative procedures that favor the fantasy construction, and, on the other hand, in the metalinguistic aspect that occupies a central position in the German writer's novel. Therefore, the approach of Ende's work must simultaneously allow the contact between fantasy's theory and literary work as well as foment connections with other narratives with similar procedures (such as The Chronicles of Narnia, The Lord of the Rings, The Silmarillion, Farmer Giles of Ham and the Harry Potter series), consequently contributing to a better definition of the fantasy genre itself

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Ip, San Tou. "The problem of gender in J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings". Thesis, University of Macau, 2005. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636185.

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Bird, Tanya. "Freedom and shared storytelling in J R R Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings"". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26443.

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This thesis explores the freedom of shared storytelling in Tolkien's seminal essay, "On Fairy-Stories," and applies these principles to his fiction. In The Lord of The Rings, authentic storytelling is developed not through domination of others, but within the context of free relationships. Ultimately, the literary freedom that the author enjoys, and extends to the audience or to characters, is grounded in the Primary Creator's gift of freedom and invitation to engage in "subcreation." While Sauron ruptures the subcreative relationship by forging the ring of power to dominate others ("magic"), the elves, hobbits and other creatures share narrative ("enchantment"), affirming being through "recovery." Recovery counteracts Sauron's determinism and enables hope for "eucatastrophe," the redemptive grace at the heart of stories. Tolkien offers a unique alternative to secular models of literary freedom: human agency may be represented in literature not only through independence from divine intervention, but also in collaboration with it.

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Crawford, Karie. "Turbulent times : epic fantasy in adolescent literature /". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2002. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd41.pdf.

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Ilgner, Oliver [Verfasser]. "Biographische, theologische und literaturpsychologische Analysen zur Person und zum Werk J. R. R. Tolkiens / Oliver Ilgner". Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://d-nb.info/117053175X/34.

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Parmeggiani, Laura. "La censura sovietica e la letteratura per l’infanzia in traduzione: il caso Tolkien". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.

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In questa tesi si vuole analizzare il rifiuto da parte della censura sovietica del romanzo "Lo Hobbit" di J. R. R. Tolkien, delineando il particolare cursus attraverso il sistema totalitario a cui l'opera sarebbe dovuta essere sottiposta in quanto testo straniero dedicato a una fascia di pubblico delicata quale quella dell'infanzia. Nel fare ciò, delineo i processi di funzionamento del sistema censorio sovietico, spiego le particolarità del trattamento della letteratura straniera in traduzione e la letteratura per l'infanzia e avanzo ipotesi sulle tematiche sensibili che possano aver attirato l'attenzione della censura su questo testo. In ultima istanza analizzo l'impatto che il romanzo ha avuto sul lettore sovietico nel periodo storico in cui passò finalmente il controllo censoriale.

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Skublics, Heather A. L. E. "Naming and vocation in the novels of J.R.R. Tolkien, Patricia Kennealy and Anne McCaffrey". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68137.

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"Naming and Vocation in the Novels of J. R. R. Tolkien, Patricia Kennealy and Anne McCaffrey" discovers in recent works of fantasy and science fiction a pattern of authority which is rooted in the existence of namers and characters who are called to specific tasks. Each of these authors portrays individuals who are called to their own particular and unique roles by other figures whose knowledge of them is deeper than their own. The Biblical account of Samuel's life provides a paradigm for both namer and named that is informative in recognising this pattern in each of the works studied. The virtues essential to living out the call of a namer are faith and obedience; and personal fulfilment as well as heroic feats can only be achieved if those virtues are cultivated.

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Fratini, Claudia Caia Julia. "Beyond the invisible a representation of magic in contemporary fantasy literature /". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06172005-113436/.

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Pueppke, Michael. "Awakening a World With Words: How J.R.R. Tolkien Uses Linguistic Narrative Techniques to Take His Readers to Faery in His Short Story Smith of Wootton Major". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3927/.

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J.R.R. Tolkien uses specific linguistic narrative techniques in Smith of Wootton Major to make the world of Wootton Major and the nearby land of Faery come to life for his readers. In this thesis, I examine how Tolkien accomplishes this feat by presenting a linguistic analysis of some parts of the story. My analysis is also informed by Tolkien's own ideas of fairy-stories, and as such, it uniquely shows the symbiotic relationship between Tolkien's theories and his narrative art.

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Natishan, Georgia Kathryn. "Returning the King: the Medieval King in Modern Fantasy". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32346.

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In an interview with Hy Bender, Neil Gaiman states, â We have the right, and the obligation, to tell old stories in our own ways, because they are our stories.â While fantasy stands apart from other types of fiction, it still provides a particular kind of commentary on the culture/time it is being created in, often by toying with older themes and conventions. Stories of the quest for kingship tend to fall by the wayside in favor of the â unlikely heroâ tale. While the kingâ s story is not always vastly different from that of the hero, there are some key points that need to be taken into consideration. Unlike many heroes, especially in the modern sense, kings (whether recognized at first or not) are born for the duty they must eventually fulfill. A hero may be unaware of the problem at first or later reluctant to engage it; more often than not in tales of kingship there is a deep awareness of the problem and the knowledge of their potential in solving it. There is always a sense of inherent purpose and destiny: they must undertake quests in order to legitimize themselves and their power â their right to rule. These stories bear a similar structure and shared themes that can be found in medieval sources as well as earlier myths. Tales of kingship in modern fiction, specifically in the work of Neil Gaiman (The Sandman) and George R. R. Martin (A Game of Thrones), are similar to the medieval models, as kingship and the requirements of kingship were popular themes in medieval texts, including Beowulf and King Horn. The role of the king in epic tales varies from hero to villain, at times even occupying both roles depending on the story. In the tales explored herein and in much of the medieval source material that inspired the fantasy tradition, the king also takes on the role of healer. The interwoven plots of George R. R. Martinâ s A Song of Fire and Ice series revolve around the struggle for the rightful rule over seven kingdoms, and while the protagonist in The Sandman is in many ways vastly different from Tolkienâ s Aragorn, the character still exists with a sense of purpose, responsibility, and duty; a regal bearing that does not necessarily occur in the majority of typical heroes. The influence of Tolkienâ s work both as a scholar and an author is apparent in Gaimanâ s use of mythology and Martinâ s style of world creation; both authors have admitted their creative debt to and continuing admiration of Tolkienâ s style of fantasy. It is impossible to discuss modern fantasy without acknowledging Tolkien as an influence to these two more recent authors. This paper will discuss The Lord of the Rings as a bridge between modern fantasy and medieval/mythological sources. In each of these modern fantasy tales of kingship, healing and reunion become major themes, tied into the right/duty of a ruler. The patterns established by medieval tales are used by modern authors to create fantasy kings, giving their narratives legitimacy that may have been difficult to establish without these patterns and links back to the medieval tradition.
Master of Arts

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Dahlander, Gustav. "Måltext i Midgård : Ohlmarks Härskarringen och översättandets normer". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-21611.

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This study considers Härskarringen (1959–61), a Swedish translation of J. R. R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings (1954–55), within the framework of translation studies and the description of norms within different fields of translation. As the work’s position as a translation has been questioned by a number of critics, the aim of the study is to identify features of the text which can be associated with this critique. The methodology employed by the study aims to separate departures in the target text from the source text within fields such as semantics and style. The departures are then ordered on the basis of linguistic form. The study suggests that the translation contains a number of features, and proposes possible explanations for these, based on the result of the study in relation to these points of departure as well as the circumstances in the context of the creation of the translation. The method used is partly based on a model developed by Rune Ingo (1991), and the results are analyzed by means of key concepts from Yvonne Lindqvist (2002). The study concludes that Härskarringen should be considered a work done mainly in accordance with an acceptable translation strategy, and thereby has characteristics of a low prestige translation. The study further considers that the critics of the translation hold, seemingly, that The Lord of the Rings should be translated as high prestige literature, and that they have reacted against the translation consequently. The study suggests that the reason for the questioning of Härskarringen’s position as a translation seems to be that the work has not been translated in accordance with the norms of the literary field to where it is today attributed. The critique can partly be viewed as a result of a raised status of The Lord of the Rings and J. R. R. Tolkien, and thus of the mobility of a work within the literary system.
Den här uppsatsen undersöker Härskarringen (1959–61), en översättning av J. R. R. Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings (1954–55), med en översättningsvetenskaplig deskriptiv metodik. Uppsatsen försöker utröna vilka egenskaper hos den svenska tolkningen som gjort att dess ställning som översättning, till helheten eller enskilda delar, har ifrågasatts av en rad kritiker. Undersökningen utförs genom att tillämpa en metod för utverkande av avvikelser mellan översättningen och originaltexten inom för uppsatsen ändamålsenliga kategorier, såsom betydelsemässiga avvikelser mellan översättning och original. De framkomna avvikande textställena sorteras sedan efter deras språkform, och utifrån resultatet samt förhållanden i översättningens tillblivelse karakteriseras sedan den undersökta aspekten av översättningen genom ett antal egenskapsdrag samt möjliga anledningar till dessa. Slutsatsen efter genomförd undersökning är att Härskarringen, huvudsakligen genom att på olika sätt förhålla sig fritt till originalet, bär många gemensamma drag med översättningar inom lågprestigelitteraturen, och att kritikerna – då dessa förefaller anse att Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings tillhör högprestigelitteraturfältet och bör översättas enligt dess normer – därför har reagerat mot översättningens utformning. Härskarringens ställning som översättning har ifrågasatts på grund av att verket inte har översatts i enlighet med normerna på det litterära fält där det i dag anses befinna sig. Företeelsen får delvis ses som en följd av The Lord of the Rings och J. R. R. Tolkiens ökade anseende, och är därmed ett exempel på återverkningar av ett verks rörlighet inom det litterära systemet.

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Langwith, Mark J. "'A far green country' : an anlaysis of the presentation of nature in works of early mythopoeic fantasy fiction /". St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/313.

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Requier-Ulrich, Sabine. "L' évolution de l'image de l'enfant personnage et de l'enfant lecteur entre les "Alice" de Lewis Carroll, "Le Hobbit" de J. R. R. Tolkien et "His Dark Materials" de Philip Pullman". Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30052.

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La littérature pour la jeunesse connaît un essor extraordinaire depuis une vingtaine d'années, notamment grâce à des œuvres transcendant les catégories littéraires. Des récits-fleuves battent des records de vente, tels "His Dark Materials" de Philip Pullman (1995-2000). Cet engouement pour la lecture chez les enfants est un phénomène qui date de la naissance de la littérature pour la jeunesse, en 1865 avec la publication d'"Alice au pays des merveilles" de Lewis Carroll. En 1937, "Le hobbit" de J. R. R. Tolkien créa un nouveau genre, la "Fantasy", et rencontra un succès international. Dans une période où l'on s'interroge de plus en plus sur les compétences et l'appétit de lecture des enfants, la destinée de ces récits paraît singulière. Comment ont-ils, chacun à leur époque, réussi à attirer un jeune public aussi nombreux ? Quels sont les procédés narratologiques et esthétiques mis en place par les auteurs ? Quelles compétences leur lecteur peu expérimenté doit-il mettre en œuvre pour parvenir à faire du sens en cours de lecture ? Comment ces textes sucitent-ils et mettent-ils en œuvre ces compétences ? Enfin, après avoir été didactique pendant des siècles, la littérature pour la jeunesse est devenue pédagogique, mais elle est restée, hier comme aujourd'hui, un vecteur privilégié de valeurs pas nécessairement doxiques. Les positions axiologiques présentes dans chaque récit révèlent l'image qu'une société se fait des enfants et la place qu'elle leur accorde. A travers la philosophie éducative en filigrane derrière la présence de l'enfant personnage et dans la description en négatif que nous offre chaque récit de l'enfant lecteur se définit le portrait d'une société à une époque donnée
For about twenty years, children's literature has enjoyed an extraordinary boom, particularly thanks to crossover books which bridge the gap between adults and teenagers. Some sagas have become best-sellers, like "His Dark Materials" by Philip Pullman (1995-2000). Since the birth of children's literature in 1865 with the publication of "Alice in Wonderland" by Lewis Carroll, young readers have been infatuated with some narratives. In 1937, Tolkien created a new genre, Fantasy, with "The Hobbit", which became successful worlwide. At a time when we are questioning children's reading skills - as well as their desire to read - the destiny of these novels seems quite remarkable. How have they managed to appeal to so many young readers for years ? What are the narratological and aesthetic devices used by their authors ? What skills are inexperienced readers supposed to use in order to understand the meaning of a text while reading it ? How do such texts bring out and implement these reading skills ? Moreover, after being didactic for centuries, children's literature has become pedagogical, but has always remained an ideal way to transmit values which are not necessarily doxic. The axiological positions in each narrative reveal the idea a society gets of its children and the importance it gives them. Through the educational philosophy embodied in the presence of child characters and the indirect description of the child reader given by each text, we can delineate the portrait of a society at a given time

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Martinez, Lis Yana de Lima. "O diálogo intermidiático entre A sociedade do anel e The lord of the rings online (lotro) : aspectos de remidiação, meia-realidade, estrutura e ficção interativa". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/172954.

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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar o diálogo intermidiático que se estabelece na passagem de A Sociedade do Anel, de John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (1892 – 1973) para o jogo The Lord of The Rings Online (Lotro) e pretende dar conta de aspectos importantes na construção desse diálogo, de como se instala e como se movimenta, dando enfoque, segundo o viés comparatista, ao processo de remidiação e aos aspectos de estrutura, meia-realidade e ficção interativa, próprios da interação entre as mídias pertencentes ao corpus. A obra de John R. R. Tolkien já passou por inúmeros e complexos processos (re)midiação, The Lord of The Rings Online é um deles. O jogo contempla toda a parte do mapa da Terra Média e a história narrada nos dois primeiros volumes de O Senhor dos Anéis e guia seus jogadores por missões denominadas epic books, que seguem, assim como os nove membros da sociedade do anel, os caminhos até as grandes batalhas em Mordor. A análise aqui realizada parte da problemática de classificação do que uma mídia é (MCLUHAN, 2013) e do modo como as mídias se relacionam entre si e o contexto em que são inseridas (BOLTER; GRUSIN, 2000), agregando os postulados teóricos do videointerativo. A partir do corpus de pesquisa, propõe-se um estudo comparado que compreende, exemplificando as devidas diferenças de articulações estruturais e de outros aspectos, a passagem (VAN TIEGHEM, 1931) da literatura para o videogame como um empreendimento bem-sucedido, que valoriza as duas mídias e promove novas experiências ao leitor.
This M.A. thesis analyses the intermediatic dialogue established between The Fellowship of the Ring, a book written by Professor John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (1892 - 1973), and The Lord of the Rings Online (Lotro), a Massively Multiplayer Online Role-playing Game. Here, I intend to explain important aspects for the construction of this dialogue such as how it is created and how it has been articulating itself, focusing, according to Comparative Literature Studies’, on the remediation process and on aspects such as structure, half-reality and interactive fiction, characteristic of the interaction between both media. John R. R. Tolkien’s book has gone through several complex processes of (re)mediation, being The Lord of the Rings Online one of them. The game features the part of Middle-Earth that is told in the first two volumes of The Lord of the Rings. Lotro guides its players through missions called epic quests, which follow the nine members of the fellowship of the ring to the great battles at Mordor. The analysis proposed starts from the problematic issue of classifying what a medium is (MCLUHAN, 2013), the way through which media relate to one another and the context in which they are created (BOLTER; GRUSIN, 2000), adding the theoretical postulates of videogames. It is a comparative analysis that includes, as an example of the appropriate differences in structural articulations and other aspects, the passage (VAN TIEGHEM, 1931) from literature into videogame as a successful exchange that values both media, while promoting new experiences to the reader.

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