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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Islam and literature – history – 21st century"
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Feillard, Andrée. "The First International Conference on Islam and the 21st Century (Leiden, 2-7 juin 1996)". Archipel 53, nr 1 (1997): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/arch.1997.3382.
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Ubaidillah, Ahmad. "Geneologi Istilah Ekonomi Islam: Sebuah Perdebatan". AKADEMIKA 9, nr 2 (31.12.2015): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/akademika.v9i2.62.
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Islamic economics as a doctrine recognized in Islam and a science Islamization project in the 21st century has shown astonishing progress.Throughout the history, there have been many Islamic-based financial institutions. On this stand, various higher education institutions have competed to launch such majors as Islamic economics and Islamic finance. However, there have been many criticizing, especially the geneology of the term "Islamic economics."This study aims to answer the questions: 1) when does the term "Islamic economics" appear according to Timur Kuran, the pioneer of Alternative-Critical School? 2), when does the term "Islamic economics" appear according to the Mainstream School in Islamic economics thought? This research is qualitative-descriptive while the unit of analysis is thematic one. In addition, the analysis technique used is taxonomy and critical discourse analysis. The source of data in this study is primary and secondary ones. The result of the research shows: 1) According to Alternative-Critical School, the genealogy of the term "Islamic economics" emerged in the 1940s at the end of colonial India. The term is first coined by Abu al-A'la Maududi. Other seminal contribution to Islamic economics literature is propagated by Sayyid Qutb (Egypt), and Mohammed Baqir Sadr (Iraq). The term "Islamic economics" is used by fundamentalist Islamic groups. 2) According to the Mainstream School, Maududi never coined the term "Islamic economics". The term "Islamic economics" no doubt emerged in the 20th century, but the idea has come into being since the early days of Islam and especially in the writings of Abu Yusuf, al-Mawardi, Ibn Hazm, and other Muslim intellectuals.Geneology
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Ramadhan, Tri. "Hikayat Pattani dan Eksistensi Masjid di Negeri Pagoda: Umat Islam Thailand dalam Pusaran Harmoni dan Konflik". Journal of Islamic Civilization 3, nr 2 (30.11.2021): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33086/jic.v3i2.2619.
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Thailand is one of the most famous kingdoms in Southeast Asia that still exists today. The Kingdom of Thailand comes from the original name “Muang Thai” (formerly called Siam). Islam grew in Thailand is the fruit of a long process. Since the 9th century, Islam has entered Thai society with limited conditions. Islamic teachings have grown and existed in Thailand through various historical events from the classical period (9th century) to modern times (early 21st century). This study aims to explore the history of the development of Islam and the conflicts that occurred in Thailand. The research method used in this article is a critical historical method with a literature study approach. The description of the conflict and its accommodation process that occurred in Thailand is expected to be used as an additional academic reference and an example for relevant stakeholders to stimulate inter-religious harmony in Indonesia, given the issues of tolerance and radicalism that had surfaced. Thailand merupakan salah satu kerajaan tersohor di Asia Tenggara yang masih eksis hingga saat ini. Kerajaan Thailand berasal dari nama asli “Muang Thai” (sebelumnya disebut Siam). Agama Islam tumbuh di Thailand merupakan buah dari proses yang cukup panjang. Sejak abad ke 9, Islam sudah masuk ke masyarakat Thailand dengan kondisi terbatas. Ajaran Islam telah tumbuh dan eksis di Thailand melalui berbagai peristiwa sejarah dari masa klasik (abad 9) hingga masa modern (awal abad 21). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi sejarah perkembangan Islam, asimilasi, dan konflik yang terjadi di Thailand. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode sejarah kritis dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Deskripsi konflik dan proses akomodasinya yang terjadi di Thailand diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai referensi akademis tambahan dan salah satu contoh bagi stakeholder terkait untuk menstimulasikan kerukunan antar umat beragama di Indonesia mengingat isu toleransi dan radikalisme sempat mengemuka.
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Verousi, Christina, i Chris Allen. "Problematising the Official Athens Mosque: Between Mere Place of Worship and 21st Century ‘Trojan Horse’". Religions 12, nr 7 (29.06.2021): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12070485.
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This article investigates the ‘problematisation’ of the recently inaugurated mosque in the city of Athens, the capital’s first ‘official’ mosque since the country was liberated from the Ottoman Empire almost two centuries ago. Building on and developing the existing scholarly literature on the problematisation of mosques in the contemporary European setting, this article generates new knowledge by focusing on the Greco-specific context of that same problematisation: an amalgam of history, geography, religion and culture, that asymmetrically shape and inform how and why the new Athens mosque is—and indeed continues to be—a site of conflict and opposition. Presenting new empirical data, this article uses an innovative and original approach to bring together two separate pieces of fieldwork undertaken first-hand by the authors in 2001/2 and 2019/20. Analysing the two sets of data, a threefold thematic structure is employed that focuses on Greece’s history, Christian Orthodoxy and global terrorism. This article first explores the existing scholarly canon relating to the contemporary problematisation of mosques through a focused overview of Greece’s history, religion and culture appropriate to mosques and in part, Muslims and Islam. From there it sets out the findings from the two periods of fieldwork to illustrate and evidence discourses of opposition towards the mosque and how these serve to function both symbolically and tangibly. Using the thematic analysis, theories relating to the ideological processes of Islamophobia are deployed to elucidate a better understanding of the Athens mosque. In doing so, this article makes a timely contribution.
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Feener, R. M. "Asian Islam in the 21st Century * Edited by JOHN L. ESPOSITO, JOHN O. VOLL and OSMAN BAKAR". Journal of Islamic Studies 19, nr 3 (18.03.2008): 430–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jis/etn034.
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Makaradze, Emzar. "Issues of Democratization and Intercultural Dialogue in Turkey of 21st Century". Balkanistic Forum 29, nr 3 (1.11.2020): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v29i3.4.
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There can be no peace without democratization and intercultural dialogue, which due to their importance lead to the ultimate result of what is called the union of civilizations among nations. In this regard, it is interesting to consider the issues of democratization and intercultural dialogue in Turkey in 21st century.In order to reach a high level of democratic development, any state needs a strong society and political will. At the beginning of the 20th century, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (1881-1938), the founder of the Turkish Republic, took the course of state development of the country to the West and declared the path of Europeanization as the main principle of unchanging domestic and foreign policy.The current events in Turkey in the first decade of 21st century have shown that the country is developing as a strong state. So, it is interesting to observe how the Republican Turkey will continue to pursue democratic and European values and to support the state rule of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.For Turkey and its leader, Islam is a tool that helps to stabilize the political system and transform Turkey into a traditional, conservative society with fewer opportunities to generate protests related to social, ethnic and other civil rights.The coming decades will show whether the country with a Muslim culture will be able to adapt to a democratic Western civilization and what the consequences will be.
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Griffel, Frank. "What Do We Mean By “Salafī”? Connecting Muḥammad ʿAbduh with Egypt’s Nūr Party in Islam’s Contemporary Intellectual History". Die Welt des Islams 55, nr 2 (1.09.2015): 186–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700607-00552p02.
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In contemporary academic literature, the word “Salafī” has a variety of meanings. Most importantly, Western academic literature of the 20th and 21st centuries applies the word to (1) an Islamic reform movement founded by Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī (d. 1897) and Muḥammad ʿAbduh (1849–1905) in the last decades of the 19th century and (2) to contemporary Sunni reform movements that criticize manifestations of Sunni Islam which are based on Sufism, Ashʿarism, and traditional madhhab-affiliations to the Shāfiʿī, Ḥanafī, and Mālikī schools. In a 2010-article Henri Lauzière argued that the use of the word “Salafī” to describe these two movements is an equivocation based on a mistake. While the movement of contemporary Salafīs may be rightfully called by that name, al-Afghānī and ʿAbduh never used the term. Only Western scholars of the 1920s and 30s, most importantly Louis Massignon (1883–1962), called this latter movement “salafī”. This paper reevaluates the evidence presented by Lauzière and argues that Massignon did not make a mistake. The paper describes analytically both reform movements and draws the conclusion that there is a historic continuity that justifies calling them both “salafī”. The paper draws an analogy from the use of the word “socialist” in European political history, which first applied to a wider movement of the late 19th century before its use was contested and narrowed down in the course of the 20th.
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Alaverdov, Emilia. "The Politicization of Islamic Society in Post Soviet Russia". Journal of Education Culture and Society 11, nr 1 (27.06.2020): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs2020.1.303.311.
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Aim. The paper analyses the Islamic revival in Russia in the late 20th century and early 21st. This was reflected in the registration of religious communities, the publication of periodicals on Muslim literature, and, in my opinion, most importantly - the construction of mosques and madrassas. It highlights the roles of mosques and madrassas built in the North Caucasus, which later became the theological centers for the spread of Islam and educated youngsters according to their propaganda.
Methods. The study mainly uses an analysis method based on the study of historicism, documents and empirical material. The basis of the source are books, scientific articles, research works conducted by Russian and foreign experts.
Results. The post-Soviet wars (1994-1996 and 1999-2000) in Chechnya contributed to the politicisation and realisation of Islam in this region. In 1996-1999 there were 26 Sharia courts, numerous Islamic parties, charitable foundations and organisations in the republic and, most importantly, structures of Wahhabi organisations (Akaev, n.d.). The process of politicisation gradually turned into organisational formations in Russia in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
Conclusion. The constructive transformation by reinforcing the modernist potentials of Islam has contributed to the real renewal of Russian Muslim societies, which led to the radicalisation of the whole region. The described events have shown that for the last 20 years, the revival of religious Islam was a revival of political organisations and activities, where religion is connected to politics and criminal activities. A small North Caucasian republic immediately turned up at the center of Russia's recent history.
Key Words: Islam, politics, revival, radicalization, Russia, North Caucasus
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Iqbal, Moch. "Pesantren di Bengkulu : Sejarah dan Perkembangannya". Nuansa 16, nr 1 (22.08.2023): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/njsik.v16i1.11236.
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the growth and development of Islamic Boarding Schools in Bengkulu. This study is important considering its very rapid development and high public response, especially at the beginning of the 21st century. Using library research methods, namely by researching available literature, related to relevant themes. Both off-line and on-line sources are widely available. The results of the study reveal that first, Islamic education in Bengkulu started from the school model pioneered by the Islamic modernist movement Muhammadiyah and other Islamic organizations from pre-independence until the end of the 20th century. Second, pesantren is a relatively new phenomenon, compared to the history of the birth and development of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. Third, the first Islamic boarding school that was established in Bengkulu was precisely at the initiative of President Soeharto who wanted Bengkulu to have an institution such as a pesantren, so that the Pancasila pesantren was born in 1973. Third, starting in the 2000s, pesantren emerged in the Bengkulu City area and its surroundings with a modernist style. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengkaji tumbuh dan berkembangnya Pondok Pesantren di Bengkulu. Kajian ini penting mengingat perkembanganya yang sangat pesat dan respon masyarakat tinggi, terutama pada awal abad 21. Menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka, yaitu dengan meneliti literature yang tersedia, terkait dengan tema yang relevan. Baik sumber yang bersifat off-line maupun sumber on-line yang banyak tersedia. Hasil penelitain mengungkapkan bahwa pertama, pendidikan Islam di Bengkulu diawali dari model sekolah yang dipelopori oleh gerakan modernis Islam Muhammadiyah dan ormas islam lainnya sejak pra-kemerdekaan hingga akhir abad 20. Kedua, pesantren adalah fenomena relative baru, dibanding sejarah lahir dan berkembangnya pesantren di Indonesia. Ketiga, Pesantren pertama yang berdiri di Bengkulu justru atas inisiatif presiden Soeharto yang menginginkan Bengkulu mempunyai lembaga semacam pesantren, sehingga lahirlah pesantren Pancasila pada tahun 1973. Ketiga, mulai tahun 2000an, pesantren bermunculan di wilayah Kota Bengkulu dan sekitarnya dengan corak modernis.
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Nasufović, Sead. "The relationship between Islamic theology and poetry". Kom : casopis za religijske nauke 12, nr 1 (2023): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/kom2301025n.
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The relationship between religion and poetry is a complex and dynamic subject that requires consideration of many factors, including theological, cultural, historical, and personal contexts. The relationship between these two spheres throughout history was motivated differently, which is why various questions were raised on the theoretical level, such as: is literature a part of theological discourse and/or is theology a part of literary discourse? It is possible that literature and theology intertwine and influence each other in different ways, but accepting their definitive affiliation with each other remains a matter of theoretical debate. In the Eurocentric circle, the most pronounced relationship between theology and literature continues intensively in medieval literature, when the Bible becomes the paradigm according to which all other forms of human and cultural activity are determined, while in the Balkans (from the end of the 15th to the end of the 19th century) the Qur'an will also be literature of the oriental-Islamic circle. Based on several shorter theses that we presented from the Islamic theological aspect, we concluded that Islam allows, even praises, poetry, but does not give it complete autonomy. These restrictions are depicted in the form of the necessary respect and adherence to the norms of Islamic belief and religious laws, which the poet must not renounce, nor express himself poetically in terms of content, while the form of the poem itself is left to the poet's full freedom of choice. The beginning of the 21st century was marked by several literary-critical works that point to the problem of naming and classifying Islamic religious poetry in our speaking area, which indicates the necessity of forming the principles of Islamic theological aesthetics and literary theory.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Islam and literature – history – 21st century"
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Musty, Emma. "A short history of lines". Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/c4aa2292-b43a-4d1f-bb59-b3cea766cb02.
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Kanade, Nikhil. "Tracing Islamic Extremist Ideologies: The Historical Journey of Jihad from the Late Antique Period to the 21st Century". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1389.
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Popular interpretations and academic scholarship tends to emphasize the relationship between jihad, military action, and communal violence. These reinforce a sense that violence is inherent to Islam. Investigations into the contexts where jihad has been deployed highlight how its use is often a call for unity believed to be necessary for political goals. Therefore, in order to deconstruct this belief, this thesis tackles instead the relationship between textual interpretations and historical actions, and how these varied across specific moments in time. The case studies examined range from the initial evolution of a theory of jihad in the late antique world, to the Crusades in the 11th and 12th centuries, to early modern dynamics of the Ottomans and Safavids, and finally to modern state-making projects in the Arabian Peninsula These examples seek to create a comprehensive picture of the intricacies rooted in jihad and the narrative that can be associated with a religion that is most often misunderstood. The effort to shed some light on the multiple facets of jihad is hinged upon how these case studies differ from one another, thus forcing the reader to question how they previously understood the modern day phenomenon of jihad. While the conversation will reiterate various themes and concepts as discussed in previous scholarship, it should push the boundaries on how jihad has been framed as a modern day extremist ideology.
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Willi, Victor Jonathan Amadeus. "The fourth ordeal : a history of the Society of the Muslim Brothers in Egypt, 1973-2013". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b54c3cfe-14af-4bf7-8e73-fc27e6ab4ce7.
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This thesis is an internal organisational history of the Society of the Muslim Brothers in Egypt between 1973 and 2013. Based on memoires of Brotherhood leaders, as well as oral history interviews conducted in 2012 and 2013 with different rank-and-file members and dissidents, the thesis situates the life trajectories and personal experiences of these individuals within a larger national and international context. The purpose is to provide a historical account that is able to explain the reasons for the Brotherhood's cataclysmic failure of the summer of 2013. In accounting for the fall, my key argument centres on the internal rivalry between two political factions representing different "schools of thought", or visions, about the kind of organisation the Brotherhood was supposed to be. Representatives of the respective coalitions competed against each other over hegemony and organisational resources, basing their claims on contrasting intellectual traditions, political cultures and organisational values that had co-existed, sometimes uncomfortably, within the ranks of the Society since the times of Hasan al-Banna. The adherents of the "Qutbist" school of thought put forward the idea of a closed, pyramid-shaped and exclusive organisation, while those closer to 'Omar al-Tilmisani's model aspired to a reformed Society that was open to outsiders, and where internal progression was based on meritocracy, transparency and some form of democracy. I argue that it is through the holistic analysis of the complex dynamics between internal organisational politics, the use of ideology, and the personal experiences of key organisational members, that we are best able to grasp the Brotherhood's failed experience in governance in 2013.
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Schaper, Benjamin. "Poetik und Politik der Lesbarkeit in der deutschen literatur". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8e1e8c05-c0f9-4dda-ad9b-b208ded2432b.
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In 1990, German literary critics agreed that the end of the Cold War should mark the end of politically committed post-war literature. The political caesura prompted a debate about the future of German literature during which the concept of 'readability' evolved as a contested issue. It was championed in particular by the author Matthias Politycki and the publishers Uwe Wittstock and Martin Hielscher. Ever since, 'readability' has remained a benchmark for authors and critics alike in the battle for value and success. The thesis will establish a theoretical basis for 'readability' that draws on narratology, the Aristotelian concept of 'mimesis', classical rhetoric, and the poetics of contemporary authors who explicitly engage with 'readability'. Discussion will centre on the novel since this genre has been the focus of debate ever since the novel gained prominence with the rise of the reading middle classes in the eighteenth century. An analysis of the historical role of 'readability' will demonstrate that the debate as it manifested itself around 1990 developed out of a specifically German tradition, in which authors and critics alike viewed it as potentially in conflict with true art. In 1990, German literary critics agreed that the end of the Cold War should mark the end of politically committed post-war literature. The political caesura prompted a debate about the future of German literature during which the concept of 'readability' evolved as a contested issue. It was championed in particular by the author Matthias Politycki and the publishers Uwe Wittstock and Martin Hielscher. Ever since, 'readability' has remained a benchmark for authors and critics alike in the battle for value and success. The thesis will establish a theoretical basis for 'readability' that draws on narratology, the Aristotelian concept of 'mimesis', classical rhetoric, and the poetics of contemporary authors who explicitly engage with 'readability'. Discussion will centre on the novel since this genre has been the focus of debate ever since the novel gained prominence with the rise of the reading middle classes in the eighteenth century. An analysis of the historical role of 'readability' will demonstrate that the debate as it manifested itself around 1990 developed out of a specifically German tradition, in which authors and critics alike viewed it as potentially in conflict with true art. The thesis will demonstrate that 'readability' is key to understanding the debates about German literature in an era of globalisation when readers are more attracted to works by foreign authors than to works by German ones. It will examine how writers such as Helmut Krausser, Daniel Kehlmann, and Thomas Glavinic have exploited the opportunities of the changed parameters by writing and promoting 'readable' books. It will further explore to what extent 'readability' has opened up new avenues even for authors like Felicitas Hoppe and Ulrike Draesner, who distrust the quest for 'readability'. The thesis will conclude with a reflection on the prospects for 'readability' in the current literary landscape in Germany.
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Ma, Chun-laam, i 馬鎮嵐. "Characterization of detective figure as a site of negotiation of modernism and postmodernism in the 21st century". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47055376.
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Handa, Atsuko. "Bridging Sōseki and Murakami : the modernity of Japan through modernist and postmodern prose". Monash University, School of Languages, Cultures and Linguistics, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5230.
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Turner, Robert Charles Grey. "Counterfeit culture : truth and authenticity in the American prose epic since 1960". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709455.
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Lee, Jason Eng Hun. "'All is not Well in the world' : critical cosmopolitanism in twenty-first century fiction". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197089.
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This thesis considers how contemporary American and British novels at the turn of the century attempt to conceptualize global human, political, economic and ecological risks through different levels of global connectedness. Taking a theoretical approach, the thesis offers up the notion of critical cosmopolitanism as a form of literary critique that might help to connect the field of literature to current sociological debates about globalization and cosmopolitanism. Critical cosmopolitanism is summarized here as follows: a predisposition towards cosmopolitan ideals but also a self-reflexive awareness of its perceived ideological and narrative shortcomings; a desire to conceive of a planetary self-conscious by maneuvering across and between spatial containers like the nation-state; an attempt to map disjunctive flows of global capital onto various narrative ‘worlds’; a type of narrative reflexivity that is transferred onto the reader.
The thesis comprises of two parts. Part 1 considers how the war on terror discourse problematizes novelists’ attempts to imagine planetary connectedness, and their struggles to imbue their readers with a self-reflexivity as an act of critical cosmopolitanism. Chapter 1 discusses the representational challenges that 9/11 presents to the novelist in terms of historicity, and outlines some of the prevailing metanarratives/counternarratives that are projected by them. Chapter 2 considers how alterity is used to critique or negotiate representations of the terrorist persona in novels by Don DeLillo, John Updike and Mohsin Hamid. Pointing to flaws in their narrative forms, these novelists enable their reader to transcend certain ideological boundaries which are denied to their own protagonists. Chapter 3 considers the interrelationship between terror and the spectacle in novels by Don DeLillo, Jonathan Safran Foer and Ian McEwan, looking at how 9/11’s images are able to project itself across the world but still reduce viewers’ capacity for imagining global connectedness.
Part 2 explores how novelists use a range of postmodern strategies to represent the various connections/dislocations made possible by global capital and how it problematize perceptions of human relationships across the world. Global capital is presented as a fluid dynamic that enables greater connectivity across the globe, but it also poses difficulties in one’s ability to realize a genuine cosmopolitanism against the all-incorporating power of the market. Chapter 4 deals with a variety of attempts in novels by William Gibson and Don DeLillo to cognitively map the relations of capital and consumer culture, and to make these complex global systems more intelligible to the reader. Chapter 5 discusses novels by David Mitchell and Rana Dasgupta that experiment with heterotopic, multi-layered narrative platforms to represent interconnecting but geographically separate ‘worlds’, and their ability to project cosmopolitan ideals across these textual horizons of space and time.published_or_final_version
English
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Wilson, Rachelle. "Historical Memory and Ethics in Spanish Narrative". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062813/.
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This study traces the current status of Spanish ethics as seen through the optics of historical memory. Starting from the Spanish Civil War in 1936, the thesis relates contemporary themes to their proposed origin throughout three additional distinctive eras of the 20th and 21st century in Spain: 1982-1996 (Socialist Spain), 1997-2010 (Post-modern Spain), and 2011-present (current Spain). Spanish narratives ranging from Los Abel by Matute, La magnitud de la tragedia by Monzó, "Fidelidad" of Ha dejado de llover by Barba and Las fosas de Franco by Silva are contextualized through their ethical architecture, in accordance with their socio-political context, and relationship to past historical traumas. This work proposes that the themes of anticlericalism, the pursuit of social equality, anti bureaucracy, and political distrust are trends culminating from Kohlberg's third level of morality. The thesis aims to be an exposition and legitimization of different ethical schemas that might otherwise be polarized as wrong and inferior by others.
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Gill, Josephine Ceri. "Race, genetics and British fiction since the Human Genome Project". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610822.
Pełny tekst źródłaKsiążki na temat "Islam and literature – history – 21st century"
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Mercan, Muhammed Huseyin. Transformation of the Muslim World in the 21st Century. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2016.
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Perloff, Marjorie. 21st-century modernism: The new poetics. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Publishers, 2002.
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Perloff, Marjorie. 21st-century modernism: The new poetics. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Publishers, 2002.
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Ezechi, Onyerionwu, red. 21st century Nigerian literature: An introductory text. Ibadan, Nigeria: Kraft Books Limited, 2009.
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editor, Brahma Rustam 1977, i Bodoland University. Department of English, red. Critical theory and practice in 21st century. New Delhi: Creative Books, 2013.
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Berndl, Klaus. The contemporary world: From 1945 to the 21st century. New York: Rosen Pub., 2012.
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A, Bishop Kathleen, red. The Canterbury tales revisited: 21st century interpretations. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Pub., 2008.
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S, Nathan K., Kamali Mohammad Hashim i Institute of Southeast Asian Studies., red. Islam in Southeast Asia: Political, social, and strategic challenges for the 21st century. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2005.
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Gunny, Ahmad. Images of Islam in eighteenth-century writings. London: Grey Seal, 1996.
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Castagna, Valentina. Re-reading Margery Kempe in the 21st century. Bern: Peter Lang, 2011.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Islam and literature – history – 21st century"
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Żurek, Sławomir Jacek. "21st-Century Polish Literature and the Shoah". W Holocaust History, Holocaust Memory, 166–77. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003380245-20.
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Weiner, Sonia. "“The direction of the bizarre”: Reimagining History in Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad". W American Literature Readings in the 21st Century, 159–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73858-7_7.
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Xuan, Phan Thi Hong, Phan Hieu Nghia, Le Nguyen Ai Huyen, Kang Min Soo i Vo Phan My Tra. "Research Overview on the Life of Families with Foreign Elements in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam". W Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 701–9. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_88.
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AbstractHo Chi Minh City is considered a safe land of perching birds, where diverse and colorful cultures converge. Experiencing many difficulties throughout history, Ho Chi Minh City has been growing and developing to affirm the country’s leading position. Alongside the city’s economic and social development, the cultural environment has been significantly diversified. For instance, the imprints of families with foreign elements as the result of transnational marriages - have become the trend of the 21st century. The article summarizes, discusses, and analyzes related articles, including theories, regarding the topic: “The Life of families with foreign elements in Ho Chi Minh City” with the literature review approach.
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Berselli, Silvia. "Through the Mirror. Concept Maps to not Lose (One’s Way Between) Objects". W Springer Series in Design and Innovation, 87–102. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49811-4_9.
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AbstractThis study delves into the relationship between the subject and things by regaining the anthropological and cultural values that have become embedded in objects already theoretically investigated by other disciplines (philosophy, literature, history of art, cinema) but here presented together with the works of designers that from the 19th to the 21st century managed to give a voice to things. This presentation springs from multi-annual research undertaken by the author at the universities of Bologna and Parma. After selecting twenty-four everyday objects (like mirror, ring, chair, table, telephone, suitcase, door), the research carried out for each one an analysis of its symbolic and cultural values and required students to create a graphic concept map to be intertwined with other maps, therefore with other objects, in more complex structures. This essay focuses on one object, the mirror, in order to explain thoroughly the survey method. Delving into the cultural values of objects gives the material landscape that surrounds us a critical perspective, which is essential to the comprehension and the project.
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Armijo, Jacqueline. "Islam in China". W Asian Islam in the 21st Century, 197–228. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195333022.003.0009.
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Abstract Although there have been Muslims in China since the time of the Prophet Mohammad, few people today are aware of China’s large Muslim population and their complex history of survival living among a people and culture renowned for their ability to absorb and assimilate outsiders. Over the centuries, the Muslim population evolved from a small settlement of Persian and Arab traders along the southeast coast of China to a large and diverse population scattered throughout the country. Muslims in China today represent China’s most geographically dispersed minority groups, as well as the most urbanized and the most integrated into all walks of life.
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Voll, John O. "Conclusion: Asian Islam at a Crossroads". W Asian Islam in the 21st Century, 261–90. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195333022.003.0012.
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Abstract Every society and human tradition is experiencing major transformations at the beginning of the twenty-first century. An examination of Islam in Asia must place itself firmly in this context of global transformations. Asian Islam is at a major and significant crossroads, and this is an experience shared by virtually every other society around the world. Old and long-established patterns of politics and society are rapidly disappearing and being replaced by new ways of thinking and doing things. Yet, the underlying historical and cultural foundations continue to shape events in significant ways. In this present time of turmoil and rapid change, it is clear that conscious and unconscious decisions of leaders and the general public are determining which paths are being taken in this crossroads era of history.
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Weiss, Anita M. "A Provincial Islamist Victory in Pakistan: The Social Reform Agenda of the Muttahida Majlis-i-Amal". W Asian Islam in the 21st Century, 145–74. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195333022.003.0007.
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Abstract In October 2002, national and provincial elections were held throughout Pakistan. While little changed as a result of the national election, a decidedly Islamist political coalition, the Muttahida Majlisi-Amal (MMA), was voted into office in the provincial election in the Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP). It was also able to share power in a coalition government in the province of Baluchistan and came to head the opposition in the National Assembly. This unprecedented outcome was the first time in Pakistan’s fifty-five-year history that an Islamist political party had won a significant election.
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"The Possibility of Global Literary History". W Re-imagining Language and Literature for the 21st Century, 55–66. BRILL, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789401201278_006.
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"19 A Sixteenth-Century Turkish Apology for Islam: The Gurbetname-i Sultan Cem". W Essays on Turkish Literature and History, 239–52. BRILL, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004355767_020.
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"Women and Children First: Taming History". W Tales of Berlin in American Literature up to the 21st Century, 305–17. Brill | Rodopi, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004312098_027.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Islam and literature – history – 21st century"
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Zhuykova, E. "COMICS AND LITERATURE: THE HISTORY OF FRIENDSHIP". W VIII International Conference “Russian Literature of the 20th-21st Centuries as a Whole Process (Issues of Theoretical and Methodological Research)”. LCC MAKS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m3761.rus_lit_20-21/353-358.
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The reputation of comics in Russia was seriously spoiled in the 90s, when they were viewed as a purely entertaining and mass form. But in fact, in the modern world, the graphic novel is becoming a completely serious genre: great artists are creating comics, scripts for them are written by Ph.D's, and they often touch on complex topics. Moreover, comics have a long history of relationship with literature (for example, in the 30s of the 20th century, during the first wave of emigration, Russian literary comics were valued throughout the world). And in the last decade, this line of interaction has only intensified: many graphic adaptations of classic literary works, comic book biographies of writers and poets are appearing, and descriptions of comic books are increasingly appearing in modern literature. The article will be devoted to the history of various forms of interaction between literature and comics.
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Burima, Maija. "TRAVELOGUES IN LATVIAN LITERATURE (LATE 20TH - EARLY 21ST CENTURY): DECONSTRUCTION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF MENTAL BORDERS". W SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b31/s8.037.
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Sallai, János, i Johanna Farkas. "21ST CENTURY CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN THE LIGHT OF HISTORY". W SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.2.4.21.p24.
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It is impossible to separate the public police organization from the modern state. King Louis XIV was the founder of the first centrally organized and uniform police force in 1667. A book related to the work of the police was first published in 1705 under the title "Traité de la police". It outlines the three main activities of the police, which are economic regulation, measures of the public order, and general rules of hygiene. The first head of Police and his 44 police commissioners' work was assisted by police inspectors beginning in 1709. The police also appeared on German territory, and the works of Lorenz von Stein, Otto Mayer, and Robert von Mohl are still dominant in Europe nowadays. This study examines books, journals, and legal documents to present the development of the law enforcement and the modern challenges of policing in Hungary. Our country celebrated the establishment of the central police last year. In the 20th century there was a development in modern policing and literature, as well as the emergence of modern police officer training. After World War II, a Soviet law enforcement model was imitated in which there was state security, secrecy, and Soviet police character. Although research of historical and theoretical studies of policing was forbidden, after the Revolution of 1989, the research of law enforcement theory was completed. Globalisation has created new sources of danger (e.g. terrorism, cybercrime), driven by a lack of borders and the expansion of international relations (Farkas, 2016). We can only meet the new challenges with the deepening of international law enforcement cooperation. Keywords: law enforcement, globalisation, data-transmission revolution, security
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Orlova, G. "DANISH CHILDREN’S LITERATURE IN RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS: HISTORY AND TRENDS". W VIII International Conference “Russian Literature of the 20th-21st Centuries as a Whole Process (Issues of Theoretical and Methodological Research)”. LCC MAKS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m3748.rus_lit_20-21/300-303.
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The paper examines the history of Danish children’s literature translation into and publication in Russian from the middle of the 19th century to the present day. The article considers literary and extraliterary reasons for the fluctuations in the readers’ and publishers’ interest in Scandinavian literature throughout the history of literary contacts between Russia and Denmark. The work analyses contemporary publishing trends and the book market participants’ motivations when selecting Danish authors and books for translation into Russian.
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Oktyabrskaya, O. "THE THEME OF HISTORY IN CHILDREN'S LITERATURE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: THE PRINCIPLES OF THE EMBODIMENT OF ARTISTIC MATERIAL". W VIII International Conference “Russian Literature of the 20th-21st Centuries as a Whole Process (Issues of Theoretical and Methodological Research)”. LCC MAKS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m3744.rus_lit_20-21/278-281.
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The article traces the ways of development and realization of historical prose in Russian children's literature from its very origins in the XIX century to modern literature of the XXI century. The types of narrative, genre diversity and thematic and problematic variability of works on a historical theme are analyzed. In addition, the author's strategies of writers who turn to the narrative of the past are investigated.
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Sousa, F., J. Matos i A. Camões. "Assessment and Forecast of the Culvert’s Performance Within a Road Infrastructure Management System. Literature Review". W IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.1157.
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<p>During the 21st century, within road infrastructure management there is a strong enforcement on preserving assets and prevent roadway collapses. As a result, public agencies have to implement periodic inspections and asset condition assessments. As pavements and bridges also culverts management play a special role in roadway safety, because they prevent roadbed erosion. The scope of this investigation is the assessment and forecast of culverts performance regarding rating condition and network reliability forecast. In addition, it intends to analyze hazards influence in the culvert serviceability, modelling the hazards actions on the infrastructure.</p><p>In this paper, is performed the literature review of studies done during the past decade comparing advantages and limitations. Five main subjects are identified in the development of a culvert management system, since the inventory and inspection framework, to forecasting models and risk assessment. Moreover, it will determine the correlation between subjects and will find gaps for improvement.</p>
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Dolzhikova, Zh. "NOVEL BY YU. OLESHA “ENVY” IN THE LITERARY CONTEXT OF THE 1920S". W VIII International Conference “Russian Literature of the 20th-21st Centuries as a Whole Process (Issues of Theoretical and Methodological Research)”. LCC MAKS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m3695.rus_lit_20-21/65-66.
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Yu.K. Olesha is one of the key figures of the “Collective of Poets”, a writer who was both a phenomenal innovator and a continuer of traditions - he entered the history of literature as a classic of the twentieth century. To understand the problems of “Envy”, it is necessary to enter the circle of problems around which the author built his novel. The article attempts to analyze how the facts of reality were refracted in the creative consciousness of the writer, the analysis of the novel's connections with literary traditions - all this allowed us to penetrate deeper into the ideological intent of one of the most significant creations of Yu.K. Olesha.
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Sipkina, N. "POETRY STYLE R.I. ROZHDESTVENSKY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SIXTIES". W VIII International Conference “Russian Literature of the 20th-21st Centuries as a Whole Process (Issues of Theoretical and Methodological Research)”. LCC MAKS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m3713.rus_lit_20-21/152-155.
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The article examines the stylistic features of the poetry of R.I. Rozhdestvensky, one of the founders and leaders of the literary movement of the sixties, who played a significant role in the Russian literary process of the second half of the twentieth century. And made a certain contribution with his creativity to the formation of the worldview of the sixties. It is noted that the work of R.I. Rozhdestvensky, as well as the work of all his associates (E.A. Evtushenko,A.A. Voznesensky, B.A. Akhmadulina, etc.) is an insufficiently studied page in the history of Russian literature, which has absorbed forty years experience in developing the artistic and social consciousness of the country. The significance of Rozhdestvensky’s poetry in the further evolution of Russian verse is determined: the development of oratorical verse; the presence of a plot of thought, which contributed to the reorganization of the category of time (free shift of time layers, “breakdown of time”, etc.); expanding the boundaries of lyricism, deepening epicness, etc. The stylistic features of the poetry of the sixties in Rozhdestvensky’s poems and poems are highlighted - this is the development of various types of poetry (rationalism, rationality, comparison, discussion of various ideas, identifying causes and consequences, etc.), which led to an increase in the role of the author, expressed in the individual image of the lyrical hero (bibliographic, ideological, linguistic coincidences, rapprochement, “replacement” of the hero by the author, etc.); numerous rhetorical figures, etc. It is argued that Rozhdestvensky’s individual style has its own, special appearance - a configuration that is easily guessed when reading his poems. It is revealed that this definition is associated with the portrait of social phenomena and personal experiences of the poet.
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Pillay, Nischolan, i Yashaen Luckan. "The Practicing Academic: Insights of South African Architectural Education". W 2019 ACSA Teachers Conference. ACSA Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.teach.2019.22.
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Architectural education, in the past had a grounding in a strict apprentice or pupillage method of training architects. The apprentice was someone who worked or trained under a master that transferred skill through a “hands on” approach. Architecture was regarded as one of the arts and there was no formal training to qualify one as an architect. It was through the acclaimed Vitruvius that the architectural profession was born. Vitruvius had published “Ten Books on Architecture” that led to an attempt to summarize professional knowledge of architecture and in doing so became the first recognizable architect. The architectural profession spread throughout Europe in the mid-16th century and the builder and architect became two distinct characters. Although architecture had become a profession, it wasn’t up until the late 17th century that architecture became an academic pursuit through an institutionalized educational system known as École des Beaux Arts, however the pursuit of a strict academic scholar was not the focus. At the beginning of the 1800’s, The University of Berlin in Germany forged the fundamental research and scholarly pursuit. Architecture, like the professions of medicine, law etc. became a system of academic pursuit where professors concentrated deeply on academics first and professional work second. It is through the lens of history we can decipher how architecture became an academic discipline almost de-voiding it of its vocational nature. In its current standing, various universities place a high emphasis on research output from their academic staff. Presently, architecture schools in South Africa recruit lecturers on their academic profiles, rather than their vocational experience. The approach of which has devalued the input of industry into education. It has been noted that there has been an increase in an academic pursuit rather than a professional one for the lecturers that teach architecture. This research explores the views of academics on architectural education, teaching methods and the importance of practice at South African universities. The authors of this research provide an auto-ethnographic insight into their invaluable experience of being academics at two large Universities in South Africa and concurrently run successful practices. The research makes use of a mixed method approach of secondary data from literature and semi-structured interviews posed to academics. Initial findings reveal that academics are pushing the industry to play a part in the education of architects; however, the extent must be determined. If industry plays a role in the education of architects, what factors are considered and how does this inter-twine with the academic nature of training? What strategies are academics employing to make sure students are vocationally well trained and academically capable? Another important question to ask is what qualities make an academic architect in the 21st century?
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Clement, Victoria. "TURKMENISTAN’S NEW CHALLENGES: CAN STABILITY CO-EXIST WITH REFORM? A STUDY OF GULEN SCHOOLS IN CENTRAL ASIA, 1997-2007". W Muslim World in Transition: Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/ufen2635.
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In the 1990s, Turkmenistan’s government dismantled Soviet educational provision, replacing it with lower quality schooling. The Başkent Foundation schools represent the concerted ef- forts of teachers and sponsors to offer socially conscious education grounded in science and math with an international focus. This case study of the Başkent Foundation schools in Turkmenistan establishes the vitality of Gülen schools outside of the Turkish Republic and their key role in offering Central Asian families an important choice in secular, general education. The paper discusses the appeal of the schools’ curriculum to parents and students, and records a decade-long success both in educating students and in laying the foundations of civil society: in Turkmenistan the Gülen movement offers the only general education outside of state provision and control. This is particularly significant as most scholars deny that there is any semblance of civil society in Turkmenistan. Notes: The author has been conducting interviews and recording the influence of Başkent schools in Turkmenistan since working as Instructor at the International Turkmen-Turk University in 1997. In May 2007 she visited the schools in the capital Ashgabat, and the northern province of Daşoguz, to explore further the contribution Gülen schools are making. The recent death of Turkmenistan’s president will most likely result in major reforms in education. Documentation of how a shift at the centre of state power affects provincial Gülen schools will enrich this conference’s broader discussion of the movement’s social impact. The history of Gülen-inspired schools in Central Asia reveals as much about the Gülen movement as it does about transition in the Muslim world. While acknowledging that transition in the 21st century includes new political and global considerations, it must be viewed in a historical context that illustrates how change, renewal and questioning are longstanding in- herent to Islamic tradition. In the former Soviet Union, the Gülen movement contributed to the Muslim people’s transi- tion out of the communist experience. Since USSR fell in 1991, participants in Fethullah Gülen’s spiritual movement have contributed to its mission by successfully building schools, offering English language courses for adults, and consciously supporting nascent civil so- ciety throughout Eurasia. Not only in Turkic speaking regions, but also as far as Mongolia and Southeast Asia, the so-called “Turkish schools” have succeeded in creating sustainable systems of private schools that offer quality education to ethnically and religiously diverse populations. The model is applicable on the whole; Gülen’s movement has played a vital role in offering Eurasia’s youth an alternative to state-sponsored schooling. Recognition of the broad accomplishments of Gülen schools in Eurasia raises questions about how these schools function on a daily basis and how they have remained successful. What kind of world are they preparing students for? How do the schools differ from traditional Muslim schools (maktabs or madrasas)? Do they offer an alternative to Arab methods of learning? Success in Turkmenistan is especially notable due to the dramatic politicization of education under nationalistic socio-cultural programmes in that Central Asian country. Since the establishment of the first boarding school, named after Turkish Prime Minister Turgut Ozal, in 1991 the Gülen schools have prospered despite Turkmenistan’s extreme political conditions and severely weakened social systems. How did this network of foreign schools, connected to a faith-based movement, manage to flourish under Turkmenistan’s capricious dictator- ship? In essence, Gülen-inspired schools have been consistently successful in Turkmenistan because a secular curriculum partnered with a strong moral framework appeals to parents and students without threatening the state. This hypothesis encourages further consideration of the cemaat’s ethos and Gülen’s philosophies such as the imperative of activism (aksiyon), the compatibility of Islam and modernity, and the high value Islamic traditions assign to education. Focusing on this particular set of “Turkish schools” in Turkmenistan provides details and data from which we can consider broader complexities of the movement as a whole. In particular, the study illustrates that current transitions in the Muslim world have long, complex histories that extend beyond today’s immediate questions about Islam, modernity, or extremism.