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1
Ptáček, Roman. "Capital-protected funds with fixing of realized appreciations". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 53, nr 6 (2005): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200553060155.
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Capital-protected funds of collective investments can be adequate investment opportunity for higher risk aversion investors with lower liquidity requirements. These funds always guarantee mostly 100% investment recovery and an appreciation sometimes. It is provided by their investment strategy. The paper is focused on „Click“ funds. These funds do not build on values of underlying assets just on maturity; they allow fixing realized appreciations during duration of the funds. It means higher probability of investment’s appreciation.
2
Schill, Stephan W. "Illegal Investments in Investment Treaty Arbitration". Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 11, nr 2 (2012): 281–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180312x640697.
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Abstract Investment treaty tribunals on numerous occasions have had to deal with the impact of breaches of domestic law by a foreign investor on the investment’s protection under an international investment treaty. In this context, tribunals had to interpret different “in accordance with host State law”-clauses contained in investment treaties, but also dealt with the effect of illegality in the absence of such clauses. The present article traces this increasingly complex jurisprudence and frames it as an issue of the relationship between domestic law and international investment law. Although different approaches exist, most importantly as to the effect of domestic illegality on the jurisdiction of investment treaty tribunals, the article suggests that there is considerable potential for convergence in arbitral jurisprudence, thus unveiling the contours of a doctrinal structure for dealing with illegal investments in international investment law and arbitration.
3
Dukoski, Stojan, Ljubisa Zlatevski i Katerina Dukoska. "STOCKS AS AN INVESTMENT OPTION FOR THE INVESTMENT FUNDS". KNOWLEDGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 30, nr 1 (20.03.2019): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij3001153d.
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Financial innovations bring for the investors the new choices of investment but at the same time make the investment process and investment decisions more complicated, because even if the investors have a wide range of alternatives to invest they can‘t forgot the key rule in investments: invest only in what you really understand. Thus the investor must understand how investment funds differ from each other and only then to choose those which best match his/her expectations. The most important characteristics of investment funds on which bases the overall variety of investment vehicles can be assorted are the return on investment and the risk which is defined as the uncertainty about the actual return that will be earned on an investment. Each type of investment funds could be characterized by certain level of profitability and risk because of the specifics of these financial investments. Stocks are one of the favourite investments for the investment funds because of their effectieveness,but also because of they are higly liquid on average, bring income through dividends,offer diversification through sectors and every fund manager can find reasonably priced stocks with the required effort. Investment funds choose stocks because they are a very attractive investment that offers a lot of oportunities for the funds.The basic opportunity is that they are very flexible investment that offers ownership in the companies that the funds invests in. This gives the fund the oportunity to take participation in the annual shareholders meeting,but also to take board seats.It means that the fund can send representatives that can in turn affect the way the company manages its assets.A lot of companies are open to receive capital from the investment funds because as an investment vehicle they have a lot of liquidity to offer. Every investment fund is centered on the needs of the investors and tries to combine their individual opinions into one grand strategy.Usualy investment funds allow bigger investors to choose their investments and provide for them special portfolio options.This means that investors gain opportunity to have their own investment portfolio,which they can track for themselves and compare to the market index. Stocks are a big part of the investment portfolio of every investment fund.They sometimes respresent more than a half of the overall investments of the investment funds.The reason for this lays in their relative simplicity and the lots of ways the investor can profit from this securities.
4
Churuta, Ivan. "Investment rankings and their impact on the country’s investment image". Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, nr 3(89) (10.10.2018): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2018.03.070.
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The paper claims that direct foreign investments play an essential role in every country’s economy, since they ensure its efficient functioning and further growth. Since investment rankings are used as a primary indicator, because they help investors quantify the investment image, possible risks and investment reliability, it is concluded that the amount of direct investments depends on the country’s investment image. The scope of research includes the country’s investment image and major investment rankings that shape the image. The aim of the study is to establish a list of international investment rankings, which prospective investors may analyze when making investment decisions. To obtain this objective, the following methods are used: theoretical generalization, comparison, abstraction, analysis and synthesis. The article presents an analysis of various views of national and foreign scholars on interpretation of investment image. Based on summarizing the existing opinions, a consolidated definition for investment image is proposed. A list of major investment rankings that shape the country’s investment image is established, and ways of calculating their particular characteristics are presented. It is concluded that in order to attract foreign investments to the required extent, each country should take measures to improve its investment image and its position in major international investment rankings.
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Advent, Roni, Zulgani Zulgani i Nurhayani Nurhayani. "Analisis faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor minyak kelapa sawit di Indonesia Tahun 2000-2019". e-Journal Perdagangan Industri dan Moneter 9, nr 1 (30.04.2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pim.v9i1.13652.
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This research aims to analyze the development and contribution of the investment labor, and GDP mining sector in the Bungo Distric, The research was using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The result of this study indicates that, during the period of 2008-2017investement, labor and GDP mining sector in the Bungo Distric is experiencing developments that fluctuate, with an average of GDP mining sector in the Bungo Distric 12,7 percent an annual, investmen 29,8 percent an annual and 2,6 percent to labor. Investmen contribution in the formation of the GDP mining sector in the Bungo Distric an average 45,2 percent. From the results of the regression shows independent variables simultaneously investment and labor effect on the dependent variables. While a partial workforce affects the PDRB while investments are not over the period of 2008-2017 years.
Keywords : Investment, Labor, GDP mining sector
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Шлапакова, Наталья, Natal'ya Shlapakova, Татьяна Учаева, Tat'yana Uchaeva, Кристина Зоткина i Kristina Zotkina. "INVESTMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION. INVESTMENT PROJECT EVALUATION". Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 3, nr 8 (1.08.2018): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5b6d5878322df5.76985434.
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Levandivsky, O. "Theoretical essence of investment and investment-one process in investing firm energy enterprises". Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, nr 2(151) (16.12.2019): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2019-151-2-96-103.
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The article examines the theoretical nature of investment and the investment process in investing in agricultural enterprises. It is noted that the investment theory began to take shape simultaneously with the world market, the development of which was caused by the great geographical discovery of the XV-XVI centuries. The investment theory of the era of mercantilism is considered. It was proved that they identified the wealth of the nation with money, and money with precious metals. In the works of physiocrats, investment was considered as a process aimed at restoring and increasing capital, with the help of which not only production in agriculture is carried out, but national wealth as a whole grows. Representatives of the school of neoclassical direction, it was determined that the proposal is governed by the bank interest rate, which acts as the offer price in the capital market, and demand - the rate of return on invested capital, which gets the entrepreneur. It is proved that in the broad sense of Keynesian investment theory can be considered protectionist, since it promotes the protection of the national economy from foreign investment. Based on an analysis of investment research, leading foreign and domestic scientists have made certain conclusions in determining the nature of investments and the investment process in investing in agricultural enterprises. Considered the main factors affecting the volume of investment. Focused on an investment project. It has been proven that the development and implementation of an investment project (primarily a production focus) under market conditions consists of three phases: pre-investment (a preliminary study before the final investment decision); investment (design, contract, contract, construction) and production (phase of economic activity of the enterprise). In turn, these phases are divided into stages and stages: investment motivation, forecasting and programming of investments, rationale for investment, insurance of investments, government regulation of the investment process, investment planning, financing of the investment process, design and pricing, provision of investments with material and technical resources, development of investments, preparation for production, previous delivery and acceptance into operation, final Dacha facility. The significance of the investment component of the development and operation of an agricultural enterprise is described, the role of which is exacerbated in the context of the instability of the economic environment and the permanent lack of financial resources. Keywords:investment project, financial resources, net profit margin, lending rate, inflation.
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Viktorova, N. N. "EVOLUTION OF THE LEGAL CONCEPT OF "FOREIGN INVESTMENT" IN A NETWORK SOCIETY". Lex Russica, nr 11 (22.11.2019): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2019.156.11.088-095.
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The paper deals with the problems of definition of the concept "investment" in multilateral and bilateral investment treaties. The author shows how the approach to the definition of "investment" in international investment agreements has changed over time, how this concept differs in modern agreements from those enshrined in agreements concluded more than ten years ago. It is noted that today we can talk about the trend of a broad definition of the concept of investment in international treaties, that is, investments are understood as any kind of property values; further the author specifies what applies to them.International treaties on the protection and promotion of investment also include the right to engage in business activities. It turns out that investment disputes can arise from ordinary commercial activities, for example from a contract of sale. However, there are documents that do not include monetary claims arising from commercial contracts, such as the 2012 model bilateral investment Treaty of the South African development Community.Generally, investment protection agreements do not distinguish between direct and portfolio investments. Therefore, portfolio investments also enjoy the protection of these investment treaties. However, some of the international investment agreements that are currently being concluded specify that portfolio investments are excluded from their scope, such as the Model bilateral investment Treaty of the South African Development Community.In the literature there are three approaches to the qualification of foreign arbitral awards as a foreign investment. According to one of them, the award is an investment, because it is part of the entire activity of the investor. Some modern international investment agreements contain provisions according to which arbitration, judicial decisions are not investments.
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Gjini, Altin, i Agim Kukeli. "Crowding-Out Effect Of Public Investment On Private Investment: An Empirical Investigation". Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 10, nr 5 (30.04.2012): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v10i5.6978.
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This studys principal objective is to analyze the behavior of private investments in market economies in the New Emerging Economies (transition economies) in Eastern Europe. The main objective is to investigate the effect of public investment on private investments. Borrowing from neoclassical economics authors one expects to see a crowding out effect of public investment on private investments. The literature is divided and mixed at best at answering the question of what is the role of public investment in private investments. Our preliminary results show that while it can be true that there is a crowding out effect on private investment from public investments in the West, this is not the case looking at the East. There is a vast discussion on the effect of public investment on private investment at the firm level as well as aggregated at the country level. Among other factors recognized for such a discussion like uncertainty, imperfect competition, effectiveness, cost of capital that can bust or hinder private investment under the normal course of the countrys economy this study looks at another angle. Western countries are diverse in terms of the size of government. The new emerging market economies on the East are struggling to get their economies to compete with western countries which have inherited better public institutions, infrastructure, and market conditions overall. A pool of selected countries, unbalanced panel data analysis, in Eastern European continent is examined over a period of time 1991-2009. The data are obtained from World Development Indicators (World Bank data base, 2010). Using pooled cross sectional analysis, the data confirm the structural break of private investment behavior between developing and developed countries. This is due to lack of market economy institutions, infrastructure, performance of the economy, and expectations.
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da Rocha, Fernando Vinícius, i Maria Sylvia Macchione Saes. "Private investment in transportation infrastructure in Brazil: the effects of state action". Revista de Gestão 25, nr 2 (16.04.2018): 228–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rege-03-2018-032.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impacts of the investment programs created by the Brazilian federal government on private investment in transportation infrastructure (crowding-in effect). Design/methodology/approach The study used two quantitative techniques of data analysis: cluster analysis and panel data analysis. Findings The results show that the investment programs created by the Brazilian federal government were successful in attracting private agents to invest in transportation infrastructure in the country. This effect is observed even in the cases of programs focused on public investments. Research limitations/implications Advancing the research area that seeks to assess the impact of public policies is the main practical and social implications of the papers. As a research limitation we can highlight that need for a comparison to other country investment’s public policies. Practical implications Performance of public policies. Social implications Economic development. Originality/Value The paper discusses the effects of the Brazilian Federal Government programs for infrastructure investment in the private investment in the country (investment in transportation infrastructure). The issue is relevant for policies makers.
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Ganievich, Yakubov Valijan. "Investments And The Task Of Their Statistical Study". American Journal of Applied sciences 03, nr 07 (30.07.2021): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume03issue07-02.
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The organization of any activity requires an initial investment of funds for the purchase of buildings, raw materials, labour, and so on. This is done through investment. This article discusses investments, the task of their statistical study, investment activity, investment structure, capital investments, financial and non-financial assets and their efficiency.
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Gudkov, F. A. "Investments in Innovations—or Russian "Investment Roulette"". Problems of Economic Transition 56, nr 6 (23.09.2013): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/pet1061-1991560605.
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TIPPET, JOHN. "ETHICAL INVESTMENT, CHURCH INVESTMENTS AND THE LAW". Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 20, nr 2 (czerwiec 2001): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.2001.tb00279.x.
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Sornarajah, M. "Portfolio Investments and the Definition of Investment". ICSID Review 24, nr 2 (1.09.2009): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icsidreview/24.2.516.
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Svinous, N. "Theoretical basis of concept interpretation of "investment" and "investment activity"". Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, nr 1 (148) (30.05.2019): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2019-148-1-89-99.
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It is proved that dynamic and efficient development of investment activity is a prerequisite for ensuring economic growth of the country and ensuring reproductive dynamics on an innovative basis. Activation of investment activity results in the manifestation of economic, environmental, social effects at the macro, meso and micro levels. The approaches of foreign and domestic theory of investment activity are generalized, the methods of state regulation of the investment process are systematized, which facilitated the substantiation of the components of the investment mechanism. The means of cognition and economic categories are described as an instrument for understanding the functioning of the investment mechanism and the financial regulation of the activities of investment institutes, as well as the results and means of this knowledge used in the theory and practice of studying the problems of improving the investment mechanism. The information and analytical provision by statistical authorities of the process of studying investment processes in the context of the main forms of investment is emphasized, investments in fixed capital are described, which characterize direct investments in the reproduction of fixed assets of economic entities. The peculiarities of investing activities of agricultural enterprises and the main forms of its implementation are characterized. It is substantiated that investment activity is one of the types of economic activity, which represents an important form of realization of the economic interests of its participants, namely increasing competitiveness, stability and sustainability of functioning in the conditions of a changing environment of an agricultural enterprise. It was established that investment activity to ensure the reproduction of the components of resource support of enterprises is oriented towards capital investments for the following purposes: timely updating of basic means of production, introduction of new or improved equipment, equipment, technologies, new high-quality varieties of plants and animal breeds, etc., which leads to significant positive changes in production activity. The main elements of the project documentation and the procedure for conducting their examination are described. It is proved that investment activity on the reproduction of resource support is connected with the provision of positive reproductive dynamics in the processes of economic activity, which are achieved by the interaction of the complex of organizational and economic mechanisms, and the purposeful development of the agricultural enterprise and the economy of the industry as a whole. Presented measures related to the processes of reproduction of resource supply of agricultural enterprises, provide long-term sustainable development, which involves achievement of high financial and economic results, social and ecological effect, while using the resources available at the disposal of the enterprise are highlighted. These aspects are closely linked to the formation of a reproductive policy of an agricultural enterprise on the principles of sustainable development. Key words: investment, investment activity, enterprise, investment risk, resources, investments.
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Vasylenko, Yuriy. "Conditions for Successful Active Investment in Terms of the State and the Far-sighted Interests of the Business". Ekonomika 100, nr 1 (25.03.2021): 6–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2021.1.1.
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For the macro characteristic of active investment, we introduced the concept of the technical productivity of investment. It characterizes an investment’s capacity to reduce the norm of material or labor costs.Based on the technical productivity of investment, we derived the equation (not identity) of economic dynamics.We have proposed measuring the efficiency of investments by added-value to reflect their effectiveness for the business owner’s far-sighted interests in minimizing the turnover of skilled workers. We have proposed to use the criteria in terms of the state – the maximum of the real GDP growth and the maximum of the sum of real GDP for the country as a whole.We defined the limits of an investment’s technical productivity, for which the investor receives the desired payback or effectiveness, and an economy in maximal development.For this, we used our causal simulation model of Ukraine’s economy dynamics, which, in contrast to the known models, reflects the main types of legal and shadow economic activities in their relationships.
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., Alfiana, Ervina CM Simatupang i Ita Borshalina. "Investment Portfolio of Pension Funds: Regulation and Implementation". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 4.34 (13.12.2018): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.23900.
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This study determines which pension fund investments affect the return of investment in the pension fund industry. This research is an explanatory research conducted using multiple regression with data from the monthly pension fund statistics for the March 2015 to June 2018 period. The results show that of the 19 investments that the pension fund industry can make, there are still 2 types of investments that have not yet been made and 3 types of investments exceeding the limit specified allocation. In this study, only government bonds and land investments have a positive effect on return of investment while land and building investments have a negative effect. The results of this study indicate that the regulations do not have an impact on changing the type and allocation of investment in the pension fund industry, and is still dominated by certain investments that do not have an influence on the profitability of the pension fund industry which is measured by return of investment. Therefore, further studies are needed. This study is useful for (1) the pension fund industry to be able to apply investment portfolio theory regarding the types and allocations of investments and start new types of investment that are permitted (2) for financial services authorities (financial services authority) in order to arrange regulations regarding the type and allocation of investment.
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Plakys, Modestas. "International Socially Responsible Investment Funds". Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 1, nr 3 (11.04.2011): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/153.
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The study deals with socially responsible investment funds as the type of investment funds universe. European and USA market for socially responsible investment funds is presented. The dynamics of assets under the management and number of these funds in the market are considered. The approaches for socially responsible investments are studied and reasons for increased interest in such investments are named. The main reasons why the global socially responsible funds become more and more popular are: an increase of interest of community in socially responsible companies, in problems regarding climate and environment changes, in government attitude towards alternative energy and investments of private and public pension funds.
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Wang, Wei. "Corporate governance and investments". Corporate Ownership and Control 11, nr 3 (2014): 294–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv11i3c2p6.
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We investigate the impact of corporate governance on physical and R&D investments in a Seemingly Unrelated Regressing (SUR) system. Marginal q’s are estimated using firm fundamental information for physical and R&D investments separately. We find that takeover pressure boosts both physical and R&D investments, public pension funds ownership has a U-shaped relation with physical investment, and greater director ownership is associated with lower physical investment and higher R&D investment. As far as investment distortions are concerned, takeover pressure mitigates the free cash flow problem and exacerbates the debt overhang problem, while public pension funds stockholding and director ownership alleviates the debt overhang for physical investment, and R&D investment, respectively.
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Janhunen, Eerika, Niina Leskinen i Seppo Junnila. "The Economic Viability of a Progressive Smart Building System with Power Storage". Sustainability 12, nr 15 (25.07.2020): 5998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12155998.
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The increased smartness of the built environment is expected to contribute positively to climate change mitigation through energy conservation, efficient renewable energy utilization, and greenhouse gas emission reduction. Accordingly, significant investments are required in smart technologies, which enable the distributed supply of renewables and increased demand-side energy flexibility. The present study set out to understand the cash flows and economic viability of a real-life smart system investment in a building. The data collection process was threefold: First, a case building’s level of (energy) smartness was estimated. Second, the semi-structured interviews were held to understand the building owner’s motives for a smart investment. Third, the investment’s profitability was analyzed. The study found that the progressive smartness investment was technically feasible, and surprisingly also economically profitable. The original EUR 6 million investment provided over 10% return-on-investment and, thus, increased the property value by more than EUR 10 million. Moreover, the commercial partners also emphasized the strategic value gained by renewable energy and environmental performance. The high level of smartness with a good return on investment was accomplished mainly through new income generated from the reserve power markets. However, the results implied that financial profitability alone was not enough to justify the economic viability of a smart building system investment.
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Rasmussen, Josefine. "The Role of Structural Context in Making Business Sense of Investments for Sustainability–A Case Study". Sustainability 12, nr 17 (27.08.2020): 7006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12177006.
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Energy efficiency is an important means for sustainable manufacturing. One action for manufacturing companies to improve energy efficiency is through investments. While these investments often are profitable, opportunities remain unexploited. This paper explores the structural context of the investment decision-making process by examining the associated activities, procedures, and the role of information. While the structural context may limit complex investments that do not fit predefined rules and controls, such as energy efficiency and other sustainability-related investments, it remains a scarcely studied aspect of investment decision-making for energy efficiency investments. Method-wise, the paper is based on a case study of a major investment at a pulp and paper company, motivated and justified based on productivity, strategic, energy, and sustainability rationales. The paper contributes with illustrating how configurations of internal investment activities and procedures may be crucial for sustainability-related investments to pass through the investment process. Moreover, the configuration of activities and procedures is also indicated as influential for the way in which an investment is executed. Hence, for energy efficiency and other sustainability-related investments to make business sense constitutes more than achieving desirable payback periods; the structural context should be considered.
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Dmitriev, D. N., i M. V. Tikhonova. "FORMATION OF INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO". Business Strategies, nr 5 (28.05.2019): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2311-7184-2019-5-17-20.
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The article is devoted to analytical research in the field of the formation of the investment portfolio, based on the goals that investors set themselves. In the course of the study, the basic points of forming your own investment portfolio were considered on the basis of various profitable assets existing on the Russian market, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, investments in forex, trust management and high-risk investments. In addition, approaches to the formation of an investment portfolio were analyzed on the basis of targets, the investor’s financial capabilities, estimated incomes and acceptable risk levels.
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KHAIETSKA, Olha. "WAYS TO INCREASE THE INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF UKRAINE". "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", nr 3 (53) (4.10.2020): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2020-3-9.
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The article describes the essence of investment, which is a key factor in economic development, highlights the current state of investment attractiveness of Ukraine. Attracting long-term international investments, their promotion is one of the priorities of economic policy. In the economy of Ukraine, there is a problem of lack of investment resources and lack of favorable conditions for their accumulation, imperfect assessment of the internal potential of national savings, the capacity of financial institutions for investment transformation of resources, features of investment regulation in changing economic relations. The general principles of investment policy and the main components of investment attractiveness are proposed, thanks to which a stable inflow of investments into the country is ensured. The course of modern political processes, goals and priorities for improving the investment climate in Ukraine, which negatively affect the international investment attractiveness, has been established. The dynamics of foreign direct investment in Ukraine, their structure by type of economic activity and the distribution of direct investment by investor countries are presented and analyzed. It was revealed that in 2019 the Ukrainian economy received investments from Cyprus, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany, and promising industries for international investment are agriculture, industry, energy, wholesale and retail trade, information technology and infrastructure, financial corporations. and insurance activities. A number of indices are proposed that determine the investment attractiveness of countries, investment confidence. The rating of investment attractiveness of Doing business-2020 is substantiated, where Ukraine has improved its positions compared to last year.
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Vergun, A. N. "BRICS countries in international investment processes". MGIMO Review of International Relations, nr 2(29) (28.04.2013): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-2-29-127-133.
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The article deals with investment activity of BRICS countries as their role in global political and economical processes is growing at a quick rate. The author analyses the main trends of export and import of foreign direct investments, defines geographical and branch directions of investment processes, explores the main forms of inflow and outflow of BRICS investments and highlights investment attractiveness of every country. The author draws special attention to the transnational companies of BRICS countries – the driving force of investment flows.
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KYSHAKEVCYH,, BOHDAN, i MARYNA NAKHAEVA. "INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF REGIONS IN UKRAINE". HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 296, nr 4 (czerwiec 2021): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2021-296-4-8.
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The article proposes a model for the integral assessment of the investment attractiveness of the regions in Ukraine, taking into account seven blocks of their socio-economic development: economic development, investment activity, financial self-sufficiency, labor market and entrepreneurship, infrastructure, socio-economic development, the effectiveness of regional investment policy. The article substantiates the need to take into account the effectiveness of regional investment policy when assessing investment attractiveness and the feasibility of differentiating such assessments depending on the type of investor and the type of investment. The authors propose to take into account such features of the investment process by using DEA-analysis and selection of appropriate weight coefficients that determine the share of each block of indicators regarding socio-economic development of regions in their overall investment attractiveness. Since the VRS assumption or BCC model in DEA analysis provides for a change in efficiency in accordance with a change in the scale of operations, to assess the effectiveness of regional investment policy, we further used the CRS assumption about the constancy of the scale of operations, since the size of investment flows in the Ukrainian economy is still relatively small. As a result, Kiev, Dnepropetrovsk and Kiev regions turned out to be the most attractive for both long-term and short-term investments. The Kherson region turned out to be the least attractive for long-term investments. In the case of short-term investments, the Sumy region showed the lowest value of the integral indicator of investment attractiveness. Some regions showed a significant difference in the value of the integral indicator of investment attractiveness for short and long-term investments, that once again emphasizes the importance of the initial stage of assessing the investment attractiveness of the region, namely, identifying the type of investor, his goals and investment period.
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Ullah, Irfan, Mahmood Shah i Farid Ullah Khan. "Domestic Investment, Foreign Direct Investment, and Economic Growth Nexus: A Case of Pakistan". Economics Research International 2014 (29.06.2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/592719.
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This study aims to find dynamic interaction between domestic investment, foreign direct investment, and economic growth in Pakistan for the period 1976–2010. Phillips and Perron (PP) test is used to assess unit root in the concerned data series. Johansen cointegration approach applied to examine the long run relationship and Toda-Yamamoto causality approach is exercised to evaluate causal linkages. Besides foreign direct investment inflow to Pakistan and domestic investments variables, this study also used GDP as a third variable in order to avoid misspecification problems in the model and also to know the interrelationship between the variables. The empirical findings of this study reveal the existence of long run relationship between domestic investments, foreign direct investment, and economic growth, further supported by Toda-Yamamoto causality, and bidirectional causality has been found between FDI and domestic investment implying that both domestic investment and FDI cause each other.
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Blagoev, Dimitar, i Krasimir Petkov. "EQUITY CROWDFUNDING AS A TYPE OF PROJECT INVESTING". Trakia Journal of Sciences 17, Suppl.1 (2019): 234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.s.01.039.
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PURPOSE The Article aims to present the potential and capabilities of the application of equity crowdfunding as an option to invest and to form investment portfolios for the individual investors. The emphasis is shifted from the widespread use of the concept of crowdfunding, as a cutting-edge source for providing capital for investment projects of innovative companies (especially suitable source for the so called Startup companies), to its use as a tool for establishing an investment portfolio based on appropriate balance between the rates of return and risk. METHODS Various authors' views on key concepts such as investments, projects, investment projects, equity collective investment, investment portfolios, etc. have been clarified and summarized. The investment process is explained in the context of creating a portfolio of investments using equity crowdfunding platforms. Conceptually, the essential characteristic of the project theory, the theory of collective investment, with its methodological and mathematical tools, are revealed. RESULTS On this theoretical basis and adaptation, a conceptual methodological model has been developed, to be used for selection of portfolio of investment projects for equity collective investment. The model focuses on the optimization of rate of return, given the risk nature of the financial investment instrument used in collective investment. CONCLUSIONS Conclusions are presented about the main advantages and the respective limitations of the type of investments, subject of the paper.
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Al-Darwesh, Hanem Rajab Ibrahem. "The Joint Arabic Investments Role at Aqaba Special Economic Zone: Marsa Zayed as a Model". International Journal of Economics and Finance 9, nr 9 (20.07.2017): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v9n9p22.
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The study addressed the role of Arabic investments in Aqaba special economic zone (ASEZ), and tried to answer the following questions: are the necessary potentials and features available in (ASEZ) to provide an attractive investment climate for the Arabic investments, what is the level of policies effectiveness for improving the investment climate in (ASEZ) to attract the Arabic investments, what is the level of guarantees effectiveness provided by (ASEZ) to encourage Arabic investments, and what is the level of investment privileges and facilities, related to the investments provided by (ASEZ) to attract the Arab investment to it. Data were collected through one study tool that consisted of 30 paragraphs by using Likert fifth scale. Study importance comes from its benefit to decision makers at (ASEZ) to avoid some of the pitfalls and barriers that face the investment in it, where the descriptive analytical approach was used to calculate the arithmetic means, standard deviations, percentages, and T-test on paragraphs of the questionnaire that was distributed by the simple random survey method. Study results showed the existence of distinctive characteristics within the investment climate at (ASEZ), and also concluded that (ASEZA) plays a big role in attracting Arabic investments to Aqaba, the study in return arrived to the existence of some barriers that limit the Arabic investments attraction to Aqaba, the most important of those are: management problems, multiple decision making parties, bureaucratic, and routine. The study recommended to reformulate operation of the united investment window, in a way that makes it a role model, to repair the internal house of government institutions and agencies dealing with investment, entrepreneurship or projects, and train staffs to facilitate the procedures offers for foreign investors, which encourage them to establish their projects there and improve the image of Jordan as an attractive country for investment and investors.
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Hsieh, Hsin-yi, i Xuerong Huang. "Managerial Ability and Extreme Investment Behavior". Accounting and Finance Research 8, nr 4 (16.08.2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v8n4p57.
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This paper examines whether, why, and how managerial ability is associated with firms’ investment behavior. Specifically, we focus on the effect of managerial ability on extreme investment behavior. We define expansionary (contractionary) investments as investing significantly more (less) than what is expected based on the firm’s sales growth and industry membership. The baseline results reveal that more able managers are less likely to make contractionary investments, while they are more likely to make expansionary investments. We further propose and test the strategic investment hypothesis, which predicts that more able managers time the product markets and invest aggressively to ensure firms’ future competitiveness. The evidence is supportive of this hypothesis: More able managers are more (less) likely to make expansionary (contractionary) investments when the industry (1) becomes more competitive, and (2) is at the onset of R&D growth. Moreover, expansionary investments by more able managers are indeed their strategic investments, which lead to superior future abnormal returns.
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Gerasimova, Svetlana, i Lyudmila Borshch. "Assessment of Investment Resources of the Region in the Strategic Context". Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, nr 1 (kwiecień 2019): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2019.1.10.
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The article analyzes the theory and practice of strategic planning, since increasing the welfare of the region is directly dependent on investments in the means of production, infrastructure development and technological development, and investments are needed for these purposes. The effectiveness of the implementation of the regional development strategy is provided by the comprehensiveness of the measures that form the investment environment, which can provide a certain socio-economic effect for the region, while increasing its competitiveness. With this aim, an important methodological task of choosing methods and tools for analyzing and evaluating the use of investment resources is determined. An assessment of strategic planning in the region was made on the example of the Republic of Crimea (hereinafter referred to as the region) on the formation of an attractive investment climate. Positive and negative factors of development of investment activity for the formation of a favorable investment climate have been identified. Investment indicators are used to more fully substantiate and comprehensively characterize the state of regional investments. All indicators correspond to a consistent system, determine the interconnectedness and interdependence of the development of investment activities. An assessment of investment activity in the region was carried out using an indicative method for estimating values by groups of indicators, followed by a comparison of the actual values of the indicators to assess the effectiveness of investment activities in the region. The dynamics of integral indicators in investment activity, investment resources are determined; investments in fixed capital are also analyzed for three groups of indicators: investment climate, investment resource potential, investment efficiency of the resources used. From the point of view of practical applications, the indicative assessment method helps to identify weak points in the formation of a favorable investment climate and eliminate the imbalances. A functioning system of analysis with the use of a project management system makes it possible to shorten the time needed for the approval of investment projects, to increase the efficiency of resource and time use.
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Hobrei, Mariia. "ATTRACTING DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN THE REGIONS OF UKRAINE AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION". Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series “Economics” 1(13) (2020): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31339/2313-8114-2020-1(13)-147-151.
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The article examines the state and scale of attracted direct investment (equity) in Transcarpathia and Ukraine as a whole. Research of the direct investment market is relevant, because they are the basis for social and economic development of the country and its regions. The purpose of the article is to study the scale of attracted direct investment (equity) in the regions of Ukraine and the distribution of direct investment by type of economic activity in the Transcarpathian region, to investigate their impact on the development of the Transcarpathian region. Increasing the volume and improving the efficiency of attracted direct investment are becoming the main factors of economic development. For a comprehensive study of direct investment in Transcarpathia should take into account the sectors of the economy to which these investments are directed, and the dynamics of changes in direct investment in 2017-2019. Among all attracted direct investments in the economy of the country and regions, in particular the Transcarpathian region, it is necessary to single out those investments that are involved in important for the region types of economy. The article examines how significant are the attracted direct investments in the industrial sector of the Transcarpathian region, investments in which reach more than 80% of the total number of direct investments for each of the studied years. This is a significant indicator and shows the fact that industry is a key economic activity in the Transcarpathian region. Taking into account the specifics of the Transcarpathian region, it would be advisable to increase the volume of direct investment in the recreational sector of the region. Given that every year, during 2017-2019, the share of direct investment in the Transcarpathian region and in Ukraine as a whole was growing, we can understand how important this area is in the future for the economic development of the region. Given that Transcarpathia is a border area, we can focus on cooperation with countries bordering the region to increase the amount of direct investment in the region's economy. The results presented in this study show the importance of direct investment for the development of the region's economy and show the possibility of their growth in the future. Key words: direct investments, investment activity, investment attractiveness, socio-economic development, regional development
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Sholokhova, Maria. "Investment cooperation in the BRICS countries". BRICS Journal of Economics 4, nr 1 (28.12.2020): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/2712-7508-2020-1-4-3.
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The purpose of the study is to analyze the current stage of investment cooperation between the BRICS countries in terms of current investment projects and legislation regulating investment interaction. The methods of the research are as follows: investigating the issue of investment cooperation between different member states and the legal framework for such cooperation; finding sources such as books, magazines, journals, legal acts, and websites; collecting all the necessary data; critical analysis of the data on the issue of the research; developing an outline. The investment interaction under study is presented at three different levels: outward foreign direct investments from the BRICS countries; foreign direct investments into the BRICS countries; and investment cooperation between the BRICS countries. All levels of investment cooperation are regulated both at the national and international levels.
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Höhnke, Nikolas, i Susanne Homölle. "Impact investments, evil investments, and something in between: Comparing social banks' investment criteria and strategies with depositors' investment preferences". Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility 30, nr 3 (6.05.2021): 287–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/beer.12342.
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Borisova, Victoria, i Iryna Samoshkina. "Investment Management of Agro-Ecological Farms". BIO Web of Conferences 10 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20181001003.
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The effective development of farms requires the environmental and economic investing, which provides for investments in improving the soil quality that can be enhanced through a fresh look at the problem of degradation, given that agricultural land is considered to be produced, not primary resource, similar to all other kinds of resources accounted in agriculture. The degradation and restoration of land productivity are the problems of the analysis of investment updates, modified with the aim of establishing the relationship of the soil quality and relevant investments. The effective investing of additional capital is crucial for the successful investment activities of agro-ecological farms, while investment resources are subject to management. The stirring up of investment activities is possible on the basis of the environmental and economic planning of farms as the important link in the structure of the organizational and economic mechanism of farm operation, the efficient investment management. The article focuses on the directions of attracting investments in agro-ecological farms and agricultural enterprises to improve their business performance. The investment attractiveness of environmental agribusiness is justified. The features of management and trends in the development of the investment activities of agro-ecological farms are identified.
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PJANIĆ, MILOŠ, i MIRELA MITRAŠEVIĆ. "FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SERBIA". Kultura polisa, nr 44 (8.03.2021): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51738/kpolisa2021.18.1r.4.01.
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In the process of globalization, the importance of foreign direct investment has changed significantly, because today they represent one of the most important factors of competitiveness, development and application of new technology, education, innovation and economic development. As a significant form of financing national economies, foreign direct investment is a form of investment that is realized outside the home country, where one of the most important goals of both developed and especially developing countries is to attract as much foreign direct investment. A large number of developing countries, including Serbia, have liberalized restrictions on foreign investment and free trade in the last two decades, liberalized national financial markets and begun privatization processes. Due to numerous problems and consequences of economic crises they have faced, many developing countries, as well as Serbia, view foreign direct investment as one of the most important factors for stimulating trade, employment growth, openness of national economies, and establishing overall macroeconomic stability. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance and dynamics of foreign direct investments in Serbia, as well as the key incentives for their attraction. Also, in addition to the theoretical review of foreign direct investments, the effects of foreign direct investments are presented in the paper.
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Chariri, Anis, Wibowati Sektiyani, Nurlina Nurlina i Richa Wahyu Wulandari. "INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS, FINANCIAL LITERACY AND ABILITY IN DETECTING INVESTMENT SCAMS". JURNAL AKUNTANSI DAN AUDITING 15, nr 1 (29.09.2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jaa.15.1.91-114.
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This study aims to explore important indicators applicable for the early detection of investment scams and to investigate the effect of age, education and financial literacy on the ability to detectinvestment scams. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey with respondents inSemarang, Indonesia. A total of 311 respondents completed the questionnaires, for a 62.2%response rate, but only 304 questionnaires were usable. Confirmatory factor analysis was used toverify the indicators of investment scams, and a regression model was then employed to analyzethe data. The findings show five main indicators applicable for early detection of investmentscams: a) investments with unreasonably-high returns, b) investment involving salespeople thattend to force potential investors to make an immediate decision about the investment, c)investments without reasonable underlying cores of business, in accordance with principles offairness and prudence in financial investment sectors, d) investments with no clear explanationon how the investment funds are managed, and e) investments without any information on thestructure of management, ownership, and business, and the address of the companies. Finally,the finding shows that the level of individual financial literacy positively affects the ability todetect investment scams. However, age and education do not affect the ability to detectinvestment scams.
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Vitkovskyi, Yurii. "MOBILIZATION OF INVESTMENT SOURCES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS AND THEIR INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS". Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, nr 4 (30.10.2019): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-4-44.
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Introduction. The agricultural sector is an important segment of the domestic economy. Appropriate measures have been developed and implemented at the state level in order to create the necessary conditions for the development of agribusiness entities. The purpose of the research is to find ways to increase the investment attractiveness of agribusiness entities, as well as to analyze the directions and sources of attracting and mobilizing investment funds for their development. Results. The preconditions for attracting investment funds in the areas of competitive development of agricultural enterprises are described. The results of the influence of foreign economic policy on the sale of agri-food and agricultural products of domestic enterprises are determined. The tendencies of attracting foreign investments in the agricultural sector of the economy are analyzed. The most attractive areas of agriculture for investment are given. The orientation of agrarian policy in the medium term is determined. The necessity of investment support of the domestic agricultural sector is substantiated. Problems of investment policy implementation are highlighted. The role of financial leasing as a form of investment of agricultural producers is characterized. The necessity of creating conditions for intensification of leasing relations in agricultural production is proved. Measures have been proposed that have the potential to stimulate the attraction of private capital in the agricultural sector. Insufficient domestic investment to support the agricultural sector has been identified. Emphasis is placed on the expediency of attracting foreign direct investment. It has been established that the slowness of decision-making regarding the development of innovation support restrains the development of agricultural sector entities. The necessity of settlement of economic relations between subjects of agrarian business is substantiated. Excessive interference of the state executive power in the process of regulating such relations is outlined. Measures for free circulation of capital in the field of agricultural market are proposed. Conclusions. The investment strategy formation of agribusiness entities occurs taking into account their profitability and financial and economic condition. Attracting investments helps to improve the results of their activities and increase the level of competitiveness. Key words: agrarian business entities, investments, investment attractiveness, financial leasing, agricultural products.
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Wang, Jiang-Tao, Jian-Jun Yu, Yu-Hsi Yuan, Sang-Bing Tsai i Shu-Fen Zhang. "An Empirical Study on Optimal the Allocations in Advertising and Operation Innovation on Supply Chain Alliance for Complex Data Analysis". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (25.02.2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6680300.
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Effective and efficient closed-loop supply chain processes can provide a significant competitive edge for companies. This study considered three investment strategies in the process of initiating closed-loop supply chain alliances. The results showed that a promised proportion has a significant effect on investment decisions under a pure investment strategy. Furthermore, a reasonable promised proportion can coordinate the supply chain under a pure innovation strategy but cannot in a pure advertising strategy. Upstream (i.e., innovation) investments decrease wholesale and retail prices, while downstream ones increase retail and wholesale prices. Increasing innovation investment can transform benefits to the downstream, while increasing advertising investment may cause opportunism. A hybrid investment strategy balances upstream and downstream investment simultaneously and provides insights into optimizing the supply chain system in investments.
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Opałka, Benedykt, i Krzysztof Jarosiński. "Financial Determinants of Public Investment Strategic Management". European Journal of Marketing and Economics 2, nr 2 (31.05.2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejme-2019.v2i2-67.
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Strategic management of investment projects in the public sector seems to be one of the more complex phenomena observed in the sphere of implementation of public investment tasks. The complexity of investment processes is influenced by a number of factors with varying impact. First of all, attention should be paid to the high capital intensity of public investment and the associated significant extension of the investment cycle. As a result of the impact of these factors, public investments in most cases require large capital expenditures, and their implementation takes much longer than, for example, in industry. Secondly, public entities responsible for the implementation of investments are in a quite specific situation, which means the continuous development of various components of technical and social infrastructure. Therefore, it is necessary to indicate the strategic dimension of these investments and, consequently, the necessity to use appropriate methods of financing and managing these investments. In principle, the main source of financing public investment is, and probably will remain, the state budget, and in relation to local self-government - the budgets of these units, and therefore public resources. The purpose of the paper is therefore to present the complexity of the issue of financing public investments in relation to the identified conditions for the development of socio-economic infrastructure, financed from public funds. The study has undertaken theoretical research on public investment and research on the possibility of implementing effective management methods in strategic perspective.
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TRUSOVA, Natalia V., Tetiana A. CHERNIAVSKA, Yurii Y. KYRYLOV, Viktoriia H. HRANOVSKA, Svitlana V. SKRYPNYK i Liubov V. BOROVIK. "Investment Attractiveness of the Economy of the World Countries in the Polystructural Space of Foreign Direct Investments". Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 11, nr 2 (31.03.2020): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v11.2(48).35.
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The article deals with the theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of ensuring a safety level the investment attractiveness of the world countries economy in the polystructural space of foreign direct investments. In the context of the implementation of investment policy and factors in the field of international investment, an optimization model of the investment attractiveness of the national economy has been developed. The aggregate factors of the investment attractiveness index, which characterize the investment climate, investment activity and the state of economic development of the country, are highlighted. A methodical approach is presented to determine the synergistic impact of foreign direct investment on the country's investment attractiveness indicator. The criteria of normalization of investment attractiveness of the economy of the country by indicators of macroeconomic, monetary and currency status, which are formalized by indicators-stimulators, destimulators and interaction of bilateral boundary constraints are proposed. The criteria of identification of risks and threats of safe and dangerous state of development of the economy of the countries by the methods of prognostic extrapolation of foreign direct investment are taken into account. A comparative assessment of global foreign direct investment flows and global GDP, the value of net sales of cross-border mergers and acquisitions was made. The structure of foreign direct investment by regions of the countries of the world is considered, taking into account their external reserves of investment potential. The indicators of investment attractiveness of the Ukrainian economy and its cooperation with EU countries in terms of the volume of inflow and direct investments are presented. The scenarios for the growth of foreign direct investments in the polystructural space of the world and developing countries are proposed.
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Kovalchuk, N. О., K. A. Smolnikova i K. I. Zhaloba. "The Value and Content of Investment and Innovation Activities of Domestic Enterprises". Business Inform 10, nr 513 (2020): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-10-89-95.
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The article is aimed at deepening the scientific-methodological principles of management of investment and innovation activities and analyzing its current status in Ukraine. Investment and innovation activity is peculiar to any enterprise, representing one of the most important aspects of its development. The article covers the peculiarities of interpretation of the concept of «investment and innovation activity». It is defined that a single point of view has not yet been yielded among both domestic and foreign scholars. On the basis of the analysis of their approaches to defining the concept of investment and innovation activity, the major key characteristics of the interpretation are allocated. A classification of forms of investment activity in the sphere of innovation has been formed. It is noted that today’s research on the problems of innovation and investment development becomes of particular relevance, because it is very important to find ways to improve the management of innovations, investments and the innovation-investment development. The current status of investment and innovation activity in Ukraine is analyzed. It is specified that nowadays the dynamics of investments in the economy of our country has gained a positive tendency. The dynamics of capital investments by sources of financing during 2010-2019 are characterized by the prevailing own funds of enterprises and organizations, whose share ranged from 60% and up to 70%. It is determined that the structure of capital investments by types of assets is characterized by the prevailing investments in tangible assets, while the least funds are invested in water supply, sewerage, waste management. The trend of fixed capital investing also has positive changes, although the turning point was 2008, after which there is no clear dynamics in the growth of fixed capital investments. After estimating the situation in the investment and innovation sphere of Ukraine, the authors have formed the main categories of problems that worsen its development.
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Erasmus, Coert Frederik, i Johan van Huyssteen. "Pension fund regulation: Unintended consequences of foreign investment restrictions in an emerging market economy". Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 6, nr 4 (2016): 485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv6i4siart6.
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Retirement savings allow investors to earn income after retirement by saving while being part of the workforce. Retirement savings comprise the largest portion of retirement savings and should be safeguarded by effective regulation. To safeguard retirement savings, exposure to foreign asset investments is limited. However, in an emerging economy, limiting foreign asset investments, especially investment in developed markets, could hamper the potential investment returns due to the translation risk. To assess the effect of translation risk, a preservation provident fund was used in the present study to determine whether the returns of this preservation provident fund would be adversely affected by investment allocation regulation. The findings indicated how the translation effect affected the preservation provident fund, illustrating the adverse unintended consequences of investment regulation in emerging market economies. Consequently, regulators should reconsider the maximum allowed foreign asset investment in pension fund regulations to enhance investment returns from foreign asset investments
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Asongu, Simplice A. "Long-term effects of population growth on aggregate investment dynamics". African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 6, nr 3 (7.09.2015): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-12-2012-0083.
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Purpose – The generation is witnessing the greatest demographic transition and Africa is at the heart of it. There is mounting concern over corresponding rising unemployment and depleting per capita income. The purpose of this paper is to examine the issues from a long-run perspective by assessing the relationships between population growth and a plethora of investment dynamics: public, private, foreign and domestic investments. Design/methodology/approach – Vector autoregressive models in the perspectives of vector error correction and short-run Granger causality are used. Findings – In the long-run population growth will: first, decrease foreign and public investments in Ivory Coast; second, increase public and private investments in Swaziland; three, deplete public investment but augment domestic investment in Zambia; fourth diminish private investment and improve domestic investment in the Congo Republic and Sudan, respectively. Practical implications – Mainstream positive linkage of population growth to investment growth in the long-term should be treated with extreme caution. Policy orientation should not be blanket, but contingent on country-specific trends and tailored differently across countries. The findings stress the need for the creation of a conducive investment climate (and ease of doing business) for private and foreign investments. Family planning and birth control policies could also be considered in countries with little future investment avenues. Originality/value – The objective of this study is to provide policy makers with some insights on how future investment opportunities could help manage rising population growth and corresponding unemployment.
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Popov, Savva O. "The state role in the investments development in Russia’s digital economy". Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series Economics. Management. Law 21, nr 2 (25.05.2021): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1994-2540-2021-21-2-135-140.
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Introduction. The current stage of development is characterized by widespread digitalization of almost all economy spheres. One of the key areas for the developing digital economy in the Russian Federation is investments and investment relations. The state supports and develops the investments in data-driven formation of the digital economy. The article examines some of the subjects of the country’s influence on the mechanisms for expanding the innovation investment sphere, regarding local development specifics. Theoretical analysis. There are two categories for considering government influence on investments in the digital economy – the investment climate and the country’s investment policy. The key part of the research process is a set of economic, sociological and statistical methods, as well as applied scientific analysis in digitalization field of public institutions, institutional investment and investment relations as part of the economic system. Empirical analysis. Analyzed topical aspects of state role on the investments development in a rapidly changing environment, divided them into six fundamental categories. The process is presented in the forms of activating the legislative process and the testing of regulatory “sandboxes”. The article describes the caution of the Russian Federation in choosing a supported investment industry, its type and accompanying regulatory legal acts. Results. The research shows the development aspects description chosen by the state to support investment in digital economy conditions and a fact analysis of the state methods of influence on investment relations in the context of global and country economy digitalization.
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Assereto, Martina, i Julie Byrne. "The Implications of Policy Uncertainty on Solar Photovoltaic Investment". Energies 13, nr 23 (26.11.2020): 6233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236233.
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Policy and electricity price uncertainty provide disincentives to investors considering renewable energy investments. While electricity price uncertainty impacts on investment decisions relating to any energy investment, whether renewable or non-renewable, policy uncertainty will affect renewable energy investment decisions to a far greater extent. In this study, we consider the two main sources of uncertainty a solar Photovoltaic (PV) project is exposed to: electricity price uncertainty and policy uncertainty. We focus our analysis on utility-scale solar photovoltaics in the Pennsylvania, Jersey, Maryland Power Pool (PJM) electricity market and the New Jersey Solar Renewable Energy Credit (SREC) market. Using Solar Renewable Energy Credits as a proxy for policy, we find that there is considerable volatility in both electricity prices and policy. In a sample covering eleven years, we implement univariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedastic (GARCH) and combinations of GARCH models with different weighting schemes and find that combination models provide superior forecasts. In renewable energy markets, policy supports have a significant impact on an investment’s profitability. The implication for policymakers is clear: to foster investment in solar PV, policy stability is critical.
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Tashmuhamedova, K., i A. Matyakubov. "Methodology for Determining the Efficiency of Investments". Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, nr 4 (15.04.2019): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/41/39.
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The paper studies methodological issues related to the determination of the efficiency of investments in the structure of the GDP and developing of the economy. The methods of evaluation of the efficiency of investments are also studied in the paper. It concludes that the determination of the efficiency it makes sense to use a performance indicator (efficiency) of additional investments (investment growth), i.e. the rate increase investment and productivity (efficiency) of a particular investment share in GDP, that is, the accumulated amount of investments.
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Sərxan oğlu Quluzadə, Alxan. "Directions for attracting foreign investment in the non-oil sector of Azerbaijan". SCIENTIFIC WORK 67, nr 06 (21.06.2021): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/67/91-96.
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The purpose of attracting foreign investment in the non-oil sector is to reduce and gradually eliminate dependence on oil revenues. However, foreign investment does not go to production, but to non-profit areas such as construction and warehousing. Azerbaijan offers tax rates and customs duties to foreign investors. However, gaps in the legislative and legal system do not escape the attention of foreign investors. Foreign investors make investment decisions after assessing the economic and political situation in the country. Reforms in the economy and the legal system in recent years will be the basis for increasing foreign investment in the non-oil sector. One of the government's goals in the Strategic Roadmap for National Economic Development until 2025 was to "increase the share of foreign investment in the non-oil sector in GDP to 4 percent." Investments by Turkish companies in the non-oil sector of our country have long outpaced investments in other countries, except for a few years. In particular, investments in Azerbaijan's non-oil sector came from Russia, the United States, the United Kingdom, the United Arab Emirates, France and Germany. However, the volume of investments from Russian and Swiss companies has recently increased. Countries with developed infrastructure attract investors faster. Investors consider such countries as countries with a favorable investment climate. Therefore, it is necessary to form a developed infrastructure in our country and eliminate the shortcomings in the industry. Many factories are unable to operate at full capacity and bring the product to the final product stage due to lack of raw materials, auxiliary equipment and materials. Key words: foreign direct investment, non-oil sector, investment environment, protection of foreign investments, investment policy
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Varis, Ozge. "International Energy Investments: Tracking the Legal Concept". Groningen Journal of International Law 2, nr 1 (30.03.2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/5a86a7ec7323e.
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International investment flows are rising firmly and rapidly on a daily basis throughout the world. In international investment flow energy plays a valuable role. The common point of international investment law regime and international energy law regime is, they remain many issues still to define and clarify in international investment law and energy law. In these undeveloped legal areas, the clarification of these basic issues has an essential role, as legal systems are established on the basis of clear terminology. While the significance of energy and energy-related issues in international investment law is mentioned above, there are still many blurred lines as to when “energy investments” in particular become relevant. In these situations, the limits of what may be considered an “energy investment” must be clarified. In order to explicitly explain references to “energy investments”, this article will firstly discuss the definition of international investments; secondly, the definition of energy will be analysed and then what is described as “an energy investment” will be thoroughly scrutinised. During these discussions, examples from other sectors’ investment disputes and other legal areas will also be examined and compared to provide more explicit answers as to the limits of the term.
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Ulanchuk, Volodymyr, Olena Zharun, Sergey Sokolyuk i Svetlana Tkachuk. "Investment needs assessment of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises". Investment Management and Financial Innovations 14, nr 1 (8.05.2017): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.14(1-1).2017.04.
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Agricultural enterprises in Ukraine require a considerable investment income. The paper studies the main problems and conditions for investment into agricultural enterprises, the scope and dynamics of their investment provision. The results of agricultural enterprises activity depend directly on the state of their fixed assets. This is one of the biggest vulnerabilities of agricultural enterprises, which makes it impossible for the economy of Ukraine to demonstrate decent results. Investments should be used primarily for the development of material and technical basis of agricultural enterprises, because the fixed assets always depreciate, the term of their use in many enterprises exceeds 15 years and their number is constantly decreasing. Investment in technical provision of plant growing is necessary and attractive. Firstly, as a basis of plant growing, grain and oilseeds are always in demand at the domestic and foreign markets. Secondly, the volumes of investments are moderate compared to other investments in agriculture. In the beginning, it is sufficient to invest into the branch on average from 1 to 2 thousand US dollars per 1 hectare. The average payback period of investments is 2-4 years. Thus, in order to stimulate investments, it is vital to form a qualitatively new policy aimed at increasing investment attractiveness of agricultural enterprises.
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Kajgorodceva, K. A. "DIRECT INVESTMENT IN RUSSIA". National Association of Scientists 2, nr 28(55) (15.06.2020): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2020.2.55.219.
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The topic of investment is quite relevant both in Russia and in the modern world, it is an integral part of today's economy. In the article the analysis of direct investments in Russia: which countries are actively investing in the Russian economy, how much investment is present, what are the goals of foreign investors, the most popular investment sectors in the country are considered.