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Dakua, Vikas Kumar. "Physico-chemical studies on interactions between ion-solvent, ion-ion and solvent-solvent in aqueous and non-aqueous pure and mixed solvent systems". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/707.
Pełny tekst źródłaChimpalee, Dolrudee. "Applications of ion-pair solvent extraction". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336039.
Pełny tekst źródłaHaldar, Purushottam. "Ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions for same 1:1 electrolytes in 2 ethoxyethanol and its binary mixtures with water". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/708.
Pełny tekst źródłaDas, Susanta. "Studies on ion-solvent interactions of electrolytes in solution". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/730.
Pełny tekst źródłaOesterle, Matthew John. "Silver ion and solvent effects on polystyrene photochemistry". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/27565.
Pełny tekst źródłaGhosh, Saroj Kumar. "STUDIES ON THE ION-SOLVENT INTERACTIONS OF ELECTROLYTES AND RELATED STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN AQUO-ORGANIC SOLVENTS". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/725.
Pełny tekst źródłaRoy, Mahendra Nath. "Studies on the ion-solvent interactions of some tetraalkylammonium and common ions in non-aqueous and mixed solvents". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/740.
Pełny tekst źródłaSaha, Nirmal. "Ion-solvent interactions of some symmetrical Tetraalkylammonium Bromides in Acetonitrile methanol and their binary mixtures". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/700.
Pełny tekst źródłaCattrall, R. W. "Studies in solvent extraction chemistry and ion-selective electrodes /". Title page and contents only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SD/09sdc369.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaChoi, Jong-Ho Okumura Mitchio Okumura Mitchio. "Infrared spectroscopy of molecular ions and ion-solvent clusters /". Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1995. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-09252007-09111.
Pełny tekst źródłaMuhuri, Prakash Kumar. "Studies on the ion-solvent interactions of some electrolytes in propylene carbonate and its binary mixtures with other organic solvent systems". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/710.
Pełny tekst źródłaAtkins, Penelope (Kelly). "Ion solvation in organic solvent mixtures relevant to lithium batteries". Thesis, Atkins, Penelope (Kelly) (1989) Ion solvation in organic solvent mixtures relevant to lithium batteries. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1989. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51779/.
Pełny tekst źródłaWang, Ying. "Solvent uptake and swelling by a PS-DVB column packing and metal ion speciation by microdrop solvent extraction". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0009/NQ59693.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaGhosh, Debapratim. "Studies on the behaviour of polyelectrolytes & their interaction with small ion & surfactant in mixed solvent". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1380.
Pełny tekst źródłaBauer, Caroline. "Metal ion extractant in microemulsion : where solvent extraction and surfactant science meet". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20041/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe presented work describes the supramolecular structure of mixtures of a hydrophilic surfactant n-octyl-beta-glucoside (C8G1), and the hydrophobic metal ion extractant tributylphosphate (TBP) in n-dodecane/water as well as in the presence of salts.In the first part, basic solvent extraction system, composed of water, oil and extractant, will be introduced. The focus, however, lies on the extraction of multivalent metal ions from the aqueous phase. During this extraction process and in the following thermodynamic equilibrium, aggregation and phase transition in supramolecular assemblies occur, which are already described in literature. Notably, these reports rest on individual studies and specific conclusions, while a general concept is still missing. We therefore suggest the use of generalized phase diagrams to present the physico-chemical behaviour of (amphiphilic) extractant systems. These phase diagrams facilitated the development of a thermodynamic model based on molecular geometry and packing of the extractant molecules in the oil phase. As a result, we are now in the position to predict size and water content of extractant aggregates and, thus, verify the experimental results by calculation.Consequently, the second part presents a systematic study of the aqueous and organic phase of water/C8G1 and water/oil/TBP mixtures. The focus lies on understanding the interaction between metal ions and both amphiphilic molecules by means of small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. We confirmed the assumption that extraction of metal ions is driven by TBP, while C8G1 remains passive. In the third and last part, microemulsions of C8G1, TBP, water (and salt) and n-dodecane are characterized by small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and chemical analytics (Karl Fischer, total organic carbon, ICP-OES,...). The co-surfactant behaviour of TBP was highlighted by comparison to the classical n-alcohol (4
Sinha, Anuradha. "Investigation on viscous synergy and antagonism of some liquid mixtures and ion-solvent interaction of some compounds in various solvent systems". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/705.
Pełny tekst źródłaBooker, Nicholas Anthony. "Removal of cadmium from wet process phosphoric acid by cation exchange". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47365.
Pełny tekst źródłaKhan, Simi. "Reactive solvent extraction of #beta#-lactams and some theoretical aspects of ion pairing". Thesis, London South Bank University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280769.
Pełny tekst źródłaJayasinghe, Nivari School of Chemical Engineering & Industrial Chemistry UNSW. "Ion exchange equilibria of the gold cyanide complex in aqueous and mixed solvent environments". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23056.
Pełny tekst źródłaDas, Bijan. "Physico - chemical investigations on the ion-solvent interactions of some Tetraalkylammonium and common ions in non-aqueous and mixed binary aqueous solvent systems". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/719.
Pełny tekst źródłaÖstlund, Erik. "Impact of Water on Recycling Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Material in a Deep Eutectic Solvent". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Strukturkemi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417814.
Pełny tekst źródłaModekrutti, Subrahmanyam. "UNHINDERED TRIANGULENE SALT PAIRS: SUBSTITUTION-DEPENDENT CONTACT ION PAIRING AND COMPLEX SOLVENT-SEPARATED DISCOTIC IONS IN SOLUTION". UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/chemistry_etds/50.
Pełny tekst źródłaDey, Rabindra. "Studies on the ion-solvent interactions of tetraalkylammonium and common ions in tetrahydrofuran and its binary mixtures". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/773.
Pełny tekst źródłaMa, Minhui. "Solvent microextraction with simultaneous back extraction and the effect of tetra-n-butylammonium ion on ODS bonded phase". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34805.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaAL-Shroofy, Mohanad N. "UNDERSTANDING AND IMPROVING MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FOR MAKING LITHIUM-ION BATTERY ELECTRODES". UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cme_etds/76.
Pełny tekst źródłaDougassa, Yvon. "Propriétés de transport et solubilité des gaz dans les électrolytes pour les batteries lithium-ion". Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR4035/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe performance and the safety of a lithium-ion battery depend to a great extent on the stability of the electrolyte solution, because the high voltage of the battery may cause the decomposition of lithium salt or organic solvents, which limits then the battery lifetime. During these degradations, several gases are, generally, generated like the CO2, CO, CH4 and C2H4, which induce in fact several problems related to the pressure increase inside the sealed cell. The main objective of this PhD thesis is to understand the key thermodynamic parameters which drive the gas dissolution in classical solvents and electrolytes. For that, several pure solvents and electrolytes have been firstly investigated to determine their volumetric and transport properties, as well as, their vapour pressure as the function of temperature and composition
Nandi, Debasis. "Physico - chemical investigations on the ion-solvent interactions of Tetraalkylammonium and alkali metal halides in non-aqueous solvents and their aqueous binary mixtures". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/718.
Pełny tekst źródłaCamilo, Nilton Soares. "Reação de 'alfa'-amidoalquilação de ions N-aciliminio com nucleofilos de carbono em sistema micelar SDS/agua, na ausencia de solvente e em liquido ionico : aplicação na sintese de um analogo da febrifugina". [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249286.
Pełny tekst źródłaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
Quimica Organica
Doutor em Ciências
Patwardhan, Neeraj Narendra. "Study of Synthesis, Reactions and Enantiomerization of Cα-Chiral Grignard Reagents". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37814.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
Štulák, Stanislav. "Stanovení bodu tuhnutí elektrolytů s retardérem hoření kryoskopickou metodou". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221001.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarucha-Kraszewska, Justyna. "Experimental and stimulation analyses of fluorescent solvent relaxation process in biomembranes : Inflence of ions and molecular interpretation of the dye dynamics". Thesis, Besançon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BESA3010/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaMany biologically important processes and phcnomena in lipid membranes are still not fully understood. The presence of ions and water molœules has a significant influence on the structural and dynamical properties of lipid bilayers. Fluorescent techniques are versatile tools for studying the lipid membranes, because the fluorescence emission is strongly sensitive to dye environment. We have conducted fluorescent solvent relaxation (SR) experiments to explore the hydration and mobility properties in lipid membranes in the presence of different chaotropic ions. We have also carried out Quantum Mechanical (QM) calculations and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations for supporting the SR experiments. SR experiments show that small cation (Na+) is attracted to the membrane and increases rigidity ofbilayer, while larger cations (NH/, Cs+) should not. Large anions (CI04·, SCN') adsorl, at the membrane interface more easily than smaller ones (Cl') and significantly change tl!e mobility and hydration of the headgroup region oflipid bilayer. SR study ofhydrophobic part of the membrane show that SR processes are complex there and reflect botl!: faster, intramolecular (torsional relaxation or fonnation of charge transfer state) and slower, intermolecular (SR) relaxation processes. QM calculatiom were used to create force-field for three fluorescent dyes (Prodan, Laurdan and C-laurdan). MD simulations allow detennining position of the dye in the lipid membrane in the ground state and after excitation and reproduce correctly SR timescale- ps in water and ns in the membrane. MD simulations extend the capabilities of SR method and allow observing the behaviour of individual molecules
Rudolph, Wolfram W., Dieter Fischer i Gert Irmer. "jz Vibrational spectroscopic studies and DFT calculations on NaCH₃CO₂(aq) and CH₃COOH(aq)". Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36074.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcGillivary, Angela. "Reactive solvent extraction of #beta#-lactam antibiotics and other anions". Thesis, London South Bank University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326763.
Pełny tekst źródłaSENEDA, JOSE A. "Separação e recuperação de chumbo-208 dos resíduos de tório terras raras gerados na unidade piloto de purificação de nitrato de tório". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2006. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11424.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Faux-Mallet, Marie-Sabine. "Extraction du gallium(iii) en milieu acide : comparaison des methodes d'extraction liquide-liquide et d'echange d'ions sur resines". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066234.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarakat, Salem Ahmad Salem. "Spectroscopic and flow-injection studies of some novel ion-pair reactions". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317545.
Pełny tekst źródłaHarper, Heather. "Solvent Dependent Molecular Mechanics: A Case Study Using Type I Collagen". Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5035.
Pełny tekst źródłaSpadina, Mario. "Solvation and Ion Specificity in Complex Media". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS020/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe object of this thesis was to create models for two applications which readily appear in separation chemistry, namely the solid-liquid and the liquid-liquid extractions. The benefit of modelling in both cases is twofold. Studying the fundamental properties of ions and their solvation properties in the complex media, and simplifying the expression for important effects, enables us to construct the framework which can be used by both chemists in the laboratory, as well as the chemical engineers in the process design. For two applications we adapted two different systems, both of which can be considered as complex. The model system to study the solid-liquid separation were TiO$_{mathrm{2}}$ nanotubes dispersed in the aqueous solution. This system was studied by the means of Classical Density Functional Theory coupled with the charge regulation method, within the Grand-canonical ensemble. Indeed, the method proved to be successful in establishing the full description of the charge properties of TiO$_{mathrm{2}}$ nanotubes. In this case, we were interested in obtaining the description of ion inside the charged nanotubes under influence by the electric field (exhibited by nanotubes). Calculations predicted effects such as the difference in surface charge between the outer and the inner surface, or the violation of electroneutrality inside the nanotubes. It was demonstrated that the model was in the agreement with the experimental data. Moreover, the method can be directly used to predict titration for various techniques. A simple generalization of the proposed approach can be used to study the actual adsorption efficiency of the solid-liquid separation process. The model system to study the liquid-liquid extraction process included three distinct parts. The three parts were devoted to the cases on non-ionic, acidic ion exchangers, and finally the synergistic mixtures of extractants. Simple bulk statistical thermodynamics model, in which we incorporated some of the well-established concepts in colloidal chemistry provided a soft-matter approach for the calculation of actual engineering-scale processes. Were have expanded a classical simple equilibria approach to broader, more intuitive polydisperse aggregates formation that underlines the liquid-liquid extraction. The key finding can be presented as a current opinion or newly-proposed paradigm: at equilibrium, many aggregates completely different in composition but similar in free energy coexist. With obtained polydispersity, we were equipped with a tool to study a more 'global' behavior of liquid-liquid extraction. This urged us to pass our considerations of historical extraction isotherms to extraction 'maps'. Great care was devoted to the study of synergy since it is a 60-year old ongoing question in the separation industrial and science community. To our best knowledge, the first quantitative rationalization total synergistic extraction was proposed within this thesis. Underlying effects of enthalpy and entropy control on the organic phase structuring were decoupled and studied in detail. Hopefully, this thesis demonstrated the importance of mesoscopic modelling to assist both chemists and chemical engineers in practical examples
Pelikán, Ondřej. "Elektrolyty s obsahem retardéru hoření na bázi fosforu". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377067.
Pełny tekst źródłaQUEIROZ, CARLOS A. da S. "Terras raras: fracionamento, purificação e controle analítico". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1988. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11634.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IEA/D
Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de Sao Paulo - IQ/USP
Loret, Jean-François. "Extraction de metaux precieux par des gels organiques". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13068.
Pełny tekst źródłaLakay, Eugene Marlin. "Novel ion-exchange materials derived from poly(styrene-co-maleimide) and a study of the extraction and recovery of gold (III) chloride from acidic solutions". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80148.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this study an economical, environmentally friendly, selective and efficient process for the extraction and recovery of [AuCl4]- from aqueous acidic chloride-rich solutions, particularly those aqueous solutions having low concentrations of the precious metal complexes has been investigated. Functionalized poly(styrene-co-maleimide) (PSMI) nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal imidization of the poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) copolymer with 3-N,N-dimethylaminopropylamine. Stable water-based dispersions were obtained containing spherical, monodisperse PSMI nanoparticles with a narrow size-distribution and average diameters of 50 ± 5 nm. The specific surface area of the bulk PSMI nanoparticles is 88.1 ± 2.2 m2/g with an average pore diameter of 82.3 Å. 13C NMR, FTIR and elemental analyses confirmed the successful and complete conversion of PSMA into the PSMI derivative. The functionalized PSMI nanoparticles synthesized were investigated as a novel anion-exchange material for the extraction of [AuCl4]- ions from aqueous acidic solutions. Batch sorption studies were carried out as a function of various parameters, such as initial gold concentration, PSMI mass, contact time and agitation rate. The [AuCl4]- extraction occurred with extremely fast sorption kinetics and is dependent on the rate of agitation during the batch sorption process. The functionalized PSMI nanoparticles show a maximum gold loading capacity of 1.76 mmol/g (347.7 mg/g). Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to analyze the experimental sorption data. The best model describing the sorption process is given by the Langmuir model. Desorption efficiencies of about 80 % and 93 % were obtained using acidified thiourea (0.25 M thiourea/2 M HCl) and a mixture of 10 M HNO3/0.5 HCl as elutant solutions, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis unambiguously confirms that the immobilized gold species exists in several oxidation states of 0, +I and +III on the PSMI nanoparticles. This proves that the [AuCl4]- ions initially present in the gold feed solutions unfortunately are subject to a reduction phenomenon on the surface of the functionalized PSMI nanoparticles. The existence of the various gold species contributed significantly to poor desorption efficiencies. In addition to PSMI nanoparticles, micro- to millimeter size PSMI resin beads was prepared by an electrospray methodology. This allows for a wide range of PSMI spherical and quasi-spherical bead diameters of shape to be prepared by manipulation of the experimental conditions employed during the electrospray process, such as the concentration of the PSMI in solution, the capillary tip-to-collector distance, flow rate and the applied voltage. 13C NMR and FTIR spectroscopy analyses show that the electrospray methodology allows PSMI resin beads preparation without any change in chemical composition of the PSMI material. Surface area and porosity analysis shows that 450 μm and 1620 μm PSMI beads selected for use in the gold extraction experiments are microporous and have BET specific surface areas of 2.8 ± 0.4 m2/g and 2.0 ± 0.1 m2/g, respectively. Micro- to millimeter size PSMI resin beads of 450 μm and 1620 μm diameter were tested as potential anion-exchange resins for the extraction of [AuCl4]- from aqueous acidic solutions. The time-dependent studies reveal that the extent of gold uptake increases with an increase in contact time and is dependent on the gold concentration in the [AuCl4]- feed solutions. A maximum loading capacity of 120.7 mg/g and 98.16 mg/g was attained for the 450 μm and 1620 μm resin beads, respectively. The experimental sorption data followed a linear trend consistent with a Freundlich sorption model. This sorption trend for [AuCl4]- suggests that a multi-layer sorption process predominates. Desorption of immobilized gold species from the loaded PSMI resin beads was investigated using various elutants such as HCl, HNO3, thiourea, NaCN and NaOH solutions. The best results were obtained using a mixture of 10 M HNO3/0.5 M HCl as elutant with a desorption efficiency of about 97%. Finally, superparamagnetic magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with a high degree of crystallinity and phase purity were synthesized by a chemical co-precipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ salts. The average diameters of the obtained Fe3O4 nanoparticles were about 7 – 8 nm. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with oleic acid surfactant molecules and used as seed particles for the preparation of 50 nm diameter magnetic PSMI nanoparticles via an in situ imidization reaction. TEM analysis confirmed that the magnetically responsive PSMI nanoparticles consist of magnetite core-polymer shell structure, although more work is required to perfect such materials.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie is ‘n ekonomiese, omgewings vriendelike, seleketiewe en effektiewe proses vir die ekstraksie en herwinning van [AuCl4]- uit suur chloried-ryke oplossings, spesifiek oplossings van lae konsentrasies van edel metal komplekse was bestudeer. Gefunksionaliseerde poli(stireen-ko-maleïmied) (PSMI) nanopartikels was gesintetiseer deur middel van termiese imidisasie van die poli(stireen-ko-maleïk anhidried) kopolimeer met 3-N,N-dimetielaminopropielamien. Stabiele dispersies in water was gevind wat soos sweriese mono-disperse PSMI nanopartikels met ‘n noue partikel-grootte verspreiding met ‘n gemiddelde deursnee van 50 ± 5 nm. Die spesifieke oppervlak area van die massa PSMI nanopartikels is 88.1 ± 2.2 m2/g met ‘n gemiddelde porie-grootte van 82.3 Å. 13C NMR, FTIR en elementêre analiese bevestig die suksesvolle en volledige omskakeling van PSMA na PSMI. Die gefunksionaliseerde PSMI nanopartikels was bestudeer as ‘n nuwe anion-uitruil material vir die ekstraksie van [AuCl4]- ione uit suur oplossings. Stel sorpsie studies was uitgevoer as ‘n funksie van verskeie parameters soos onder andere die goud konentrasie in oplossing, PSMI massa, kontak tyd en ‘n mengings tempo. Die [AuCl4]- ekstraksie gebeur met ‘n geweldige sorpsie kinetika en is afhanklik van die mengings tempo gedurende die stel sorpsie proses. Die gefunksionaliseerde PSMI nanopartikels het ‘n maksimum goud sorpsie kapsiteit van 1.76 mmol/g (347.7 mg/g). Langmuir en Freundlich isoterm modelle was gepas en geanaliseer op die experimentele sorpsie data waarvan die Langmuir isoterm model die data die beste gepas het. De-sorpsie effektiwiteit van ongeveer 80 % en 93% was vekry vir die aangesuurde thiourea (0.25 M thiourea/2 M HCl) en ‘n mengsel van 10 M HNO3/0.5 M HCl as elueer oplossings, onderskeidelik. X-straal foto-elektron spektroskopie (XPS) analiese bevestig ongetwydeld die geimmobileerde goud spesies in oksidasietoestande van 0, +I, en +III op die PSMI nanopartikels. Hierdie is bewyse dat die [AuCl4]- oorspronklik teenwoordig in die goud oplossings is onderhewe auto-reduksie fenomeen op die oppervlak van die gefunksionalieerde PSMI nanopartikels. Die bestaan van verskeie goud spesies dra by tot die power de-sorpsie effektiwiteit van ge-immobiliseerde goud. Bykomend tot die nanopartikels is mikro- tot millimeter grootte PSMI partikels voorberei met ‘n elektro-sproei proses. Hierdie metode stel ons instaat om ‘n wye reeks sferiese en quasi-sferiese PSMI partikel se deersnee voorteberei. Deur die manupulasie van die eksperimentele kondisies gedurende die elektro-sproei proses, soos die konsentrasie van die PSMI in oplossing, die kapilêre punt-tot-ontvanger afstant, vloeispoed en die toegepasde potensiaal. 13C KMR en FTIR spectroskopiese analiese wys dat die elektro-sproei proses die PSMI partikel bereiding toelaat sonder enige veranderinge in die chemiese samestelling van die PSMI materiaal. Oppervlak area en porie-grootte analise wys dat 450lksdfhld en dskl jmm partikels gebruik in die goud ekstraksie eksperimente is mikro-porieës en het spesifieke oppervlak-areas van 2.8 ± 0.4 m2/g en 2.0 ± 0.1 m2/g onderskeidelik. Mikro- tot millimeter grootte poli(stireen-ko-maleimied) (PSMI) partikels van 450 μm en 1620 μm deursnee was getoets as potensieele anion-uitruilings-hars vir die ekstraksie van [AuCl4]- vanuit suur oplossings. Die tyd afhanklike studies gee aanduiding dat die mate van goud opname toeneem met ‘n toename in kontak-tyd en is afhanklik van die goud konsentrasie in die [AuCl4]- oplossings. ‘n Maksimum opname-kapasiteit van 120.7 mg/g en 98.2 mg/g was verkry vir die 450 μm en 1620 μm hars partikels onderskeidelik. Die eksperimentele sorpsie-data volg ‘n lineêre neiging in ooreenstemming met die Freundlich model. Die sorpsie neiging van [AuCl4]- dui aan dat ‘n meervuldige laag sorpsie proses domineer. De-sorpsie van die geimobiliseerde goud spesies vanaf die PSMI hars partikels was bestudeer deur gebruik te maak van verskeie elueermiddels soos HCl, HNO3, thiourea, NaCN en NaOH oplossings. Die beste resultate is verkry deur ‘n mengsel te gebruik van 10M HNO3/0.5M HCl as elueermiddel met n de-sorpsie effektiviteit van ongeveer 97%. Superparamagnetiese magnetiet (Fe3O4) nanopartikels met ‘n hoë graad van kristaliniteit en fase-reinheid was voorberei deur ‘n chemiese ko-neerslagvorming van Fe2+ en Fe3+ soute. Die gemiddelde deursnee van die Fe3O4 nanopartikels was ongeveer 7 – 8 nm. Die Fe3O4 nanopartikels was omhul met oleic suur benatter molekules wat gebruik word as saadjies vir voorbereiding van 50 nm deursnee-magnetiese PSMI nanopartikels deur middel van ‘n imidisasie reaksie. TEM analiese bevestig dat die magnetiese PSMI partikels nanopartikels bestaan uit ‘n magnetiet-kern polimeer-skil struktuur.
Pokapanich, Wandared. "Solvent–Solute Interaction : Studied by Synchrotron Radiation Based Photo and Auger Electron Spectroscopies". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Yt- och gränsskiktsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-138749.
Pełny tekst źródłaFelaktigt tryckt som Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 726
Migeon, Valérie. "Application des isotopes du molybdène en traçage des matériaux du cycle nucléaire". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEN008/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaNuclear forensics aims at determining the age, provenance as well as industrial or storage history of uranium ores and uranium ore concentrates that are part of the nuclear fuel cycle. Several potential tracers have already been identified for this purpose. However, these tracers are not providing always unambiguous information. This study is focused on establishing Mo isotopes as a new tracer of uranium ore provenance and of ore processing for its application in nuclear forensics. Molybdenum and uranium share a number of common geochemical properties. In the nuclear fuel cycle, molybdenum is an impurity that is difficult to separate during uranium extraction and purification processes, while its concentration is required to be lower than some specification limits. We focused this study on the first part of the nuclear fuel cycle, from the uranium ores extraction to the production of uranium ore concentrates.We developed an enhanced separation method for Mo from a uranium-rich matrix (uranium ores, uranium minerals, uranium ore concentrates) in order to analyze the mass fractionation induced by processes typical of the nuclear fuel cycle. Molybdenum isotopic compositions in uranium ores depend of adsorption and precipitation processes. The δ98Mo values of sedimentary uranium ores is shifted to negative values relative to magmatic ores. This provides a means of distinguishing these types of uranium ores. Uranium ores concentrates produced from both uranium ore natures (magmatic and sedimentary) have Mo isotope compositions similar to the uranium ores. These results suggest that molybdenum isotopes have a strong potential of as a tracer for identifying the origin of the uranium ore concentrates. However, Mo isotopes fractionations were established during the production of uranium ore concentrates in the both Niger mills. We reproduced in laboratory the lixiviation, solvent extraction and precipitation processes to explain these observations. The Mo isotopes fractionation is positive for the lixiviation process, negative for the solvent extraction and precipitation with hydrogen peroxide, and null for ammonia precipitation. In the case of the Niger samples, the sum of these processes is negative and agrees with our experimental data. Mo isotopes have a strong potential as a tracer for identifying the origin and transformation of uranium in the nuclear fuel cycle, in the framework of nuclear forensics
Guha, Thakurta Soma. "Anhydrous State Proton and Lithium Ion Conducting Solid Polymer Electrolytes Based on Sulfonated Bisphenol-A-Poly(Arylene Ethers)". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1239911460.
Pełny tekst źródłaJarnagin, Nathan D. "High χ block copolymers for sub 20 nm pitch patterning: synthesis, solvent annealing, directed self assembly, and selective block removal". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50287.
Pełny tekst źródłaMarouani-Keraghel, Saïda. "Reduction electrochimique de composes d'uranyle en milieu organique". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13175.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuignan, Timothy Thomas. "Modelling specific ion effects with the continuum solvent". Phd thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/13642.
Pełny tekst źródłaChoi, Jong-Ho. "Infrared spectroscopy of molecular ions and ion-solvent clusters". Thesis, 1995. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/3763/1/Choi_jh_1995.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaXu, Ren-Bin, i 許荏賓. "Solvent Extraction Separate of Valuable Metals from Spent Secondary Lithium-ion Battery". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gr2u34.
Pełny tekst źródła朝陽科技大學
環境工程與管理系
104
This study focused the ternary metals recycling from scrap secondary lithium batteries and explored the best operation parameters. By varied pH of extractants (P204 and P507) and metal acid solution, the affinity between extractants and different metal ions was change. The different affinity results the separation and purification of different metal ions. The four major separated targets are Co, Mn, Ni, Li, respectively. Cobalt is the most expensive one and it’s also the key metal for purification. The major results can be divided into five parts: 1. The optimum extraction ratio among different saponification degree of 10-90%: In P204 system with saponification degree of 70%, the single extraction ratio of Mn was 49.5%. The extraction ratios of Co, Ni and Li were all less than 2%. In P507 system with saponification degree of 50%, the single extraction ratio of Co was 54%. The extraction ratios of Ni and Li were all less than 3%. 2. The optimum extraction ratio among different O/A ratio of 1:4, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, and 4:1: In P204 system with O/A ratio of 1:1, the single extraction ratio of Mn was 42%. The extraction ratios of Co, Ni and Li were all less than 2%. In P507 system with O/A ratio of 1:1, the single extraction of Co is 30%. The extraction ratios of Ni and Li were all less than 3%. 3. The optimum extraction conditions among different extractant concentration of 20 to 80%: In P204 system with extractant concentration of 20%, the single extraction ratio of Mn was 64%. The extraction ratios of Co, Ni and Li were all less than with other extractant concentration. In P507 system with extractant concentration of 20%, the single extraction of Co is 58%. The extraction ratios of Ni and Li were all less than 6%. 4. The optimum extraction parameters in single-stage extraction: In P204 system, the single extraction ratio of Mn was 61%. The extraction ratios of Co, Ni, and Li were all less than 10%. In P507 system, the single extraction ratio of Co was 55%. The extraction ratios of Ni and Li do not exceed 5%. The ternary metals of Co, Mn and Ni can be separated and purified by subsequent multi-stage extraction. 5. The optimum extraction conditions of the multi-stage countercurrent extraction (three-stage of P204 and six-stage of P507): In P204 system, three-stage countercurrent extraction ratio of Mn is 95%. Total losses of Co, Ni, and Li were less than 10%, respectively. In P507 system, six-stage countercurrent extraction ratio of Co is 95%. Total losses of Ni, and Li were less than 10%, respectively.