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Liu, Jixiong. "Semantic Annotations for Tabular Data Using Embeddings : Application to Datasets Indexing and Table Augmentation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS529.
Pełny tekst źródłaWith the development of Open Data, a large number of data sources are made available to communities (including data scientists and data analysts). This data is the treasure of digital services as long as data is cleaned, unbiased, as well as combined with explicit and machine-processable semantics in order to foster exploitation. In particular, structured data sources (CSV, JSON, XML, etc.) are the raw material for many data science processes. However, this data derives from different domains for which consumers are not always familiar with (knowledge gap), which complicates their appropriation, while this is a critical step in creating machine learning models. Semantic models (in particular, ontologies) make it possible to explicitly represent the implicit meaning of data by specifying the concepts and relationships present in the data. The provision of semantic labels on datasets facilitates the understanding and reuse of data by providing documentation on the data that can be easily used by a non-expert. Moreover, semantic annotation opens the way to search modes that go beyond simple keywords and allow the use of queries of a high conceptual level on the content of the datasets but also their structure while overcoming the problems of syntactic heterogeneity encountered in tabular data. This thesis introduces a complete pipeline for the extraction, interpretation, and applications of tables in the wild with the help of knowledge graphs. We first refresh the exiting definition of tables from the perspective of table interpretation and develop systems for collecting and extracting tables on the Web and local files. Three table interpretation systems are further proposed based on either heuristic rules or graph representation models facing the challenges observed from the literature. Finally, we introduce and evaluate two table augmentation applications based on semantic annotations, namely data imputation and schema augmentation
Lavigne, Frédéric. "Sémantique isochronotopique : locus et decours temporel des processus d'interprétation sémantique". Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0312.
Pełny tekst źródłaSentence comprehension processes rely on semantic properties of the linguistic system and of the cognitive system. An analysis of systemic interactions between a text and a reader is proposed. This analysis defines the types of interactions between an associative anaphoric structure and an associative cognitive structure, usually investigated from different disciplinary point of views. On the basis of this theoretical anaysis, an experimental approach is proposed within the frame of semantic context effects studies in psycholinguistics. A set of eye movement recording experiments, and of lexical decision experiments, investigates the locus and time course of context effects on word processing. Results show that both the semantic structure of the context and the time course of the context effects can influence the processing of a target word. Results are discussed within the linguistic frame of isotopic phenomenon, and show that both activatory and inhibitory processes are involved, with different time courses. These results are extended from the reading of isolated sentences to the reading of texts. A psycholinguistic associative model is proposed within the frame of the current literature, which propose to analyse at an associative level the activatiry and inhibitory processes and their respective time courses
Gzawi, Mahmoud. "Désambiguïsation de l’arabe écrit et interprétation sémantique". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2006.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis lies at the frontier of the fields of linguistic research and the automatic processing of language. These two fields intersect for the construction of natural language processing tools, and industrial applications integrating solutions for disambiguation and interpretation of texts.A challenging task, briefly approached and applied, has come to the work of the Techlimed company, that of the automatic analysis of texts written in Arabic. Novel resources have emerged as language lexicons and semantic networks allowing the creation of formal grammars to accomplish this task.An important meta-data for text analysis is "what is being said, and what does it mean". The field of computational linguistics offers very diverse and, mostly, partial methods to allow the computer to answer such questions.The main purpose of this thesis is to introduce and apply the rules of descriptive language grammar in formal languages specific to computer language processing.Beyond the realization of a system of processing and interpretation of texts in Arabic language based on computer modeling, our interest has been devoted to the evaluation of the linguistic phenomena described by the literature and the methods of their formalization in computer science.In all cases, our research was tested and validated in a rigorous experimental framework around several formalisms and computer tools.The experiments concerning the contribution of syntaxico-semantic grammar, a priori, have demonstrated a significant reduction of linguistic ambiguity in the case of the use of a finite-state grammar written in Java and a transformational generative grammarwritten in Prolog, integrating morphological, syntactic and semantic components.The implementation of our study required the construction of tools for word processing, information retrieval tools. These tools were built by us and are available in Open-source.The success of the application of our work in large scale was concluded by the requirement of having rich and comprehensive semantic resources. Our work has been redirected towards a process of production of such resources, in terms of informationretrieval and knowledge extraction. The tests for this new perspective were favorable to further research and experimentation
Monsuez, Bruno. "Typage par interprétation abstraite". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EPXX0015.
Pełny tekst źródłaPechoux, Romain. "Analyse de la complexité des programmes par interprétation sémantique". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321917.
Pełny tekst źródłaAprès avoir rappelé brièvement la notion de quasi-interprétation ainsi que les différentes propriétés et caractérisations qui en découlent, nous présentons les différentes avancées obtenues dans l'étude de cet outil : nous étudions le problème de la synthèse qui consiste à trouver une quasi-interprétation pour un programme donné, puis, nous abordons la question de la modularité des quasi-interprétations. La modularité permet de diminuer la complexité de la procédure de synthèse et de capturer un plus grand nombre d'algorithmes. Après avoir mentionné différentes extensions des quasi-interprétations à des langages de programmation réactif, bytecode ou d'ordre supérieur, nous introduisons la sup-interprétation. Cette notion généralise la quasi-interprétation et est utilisée dans des critères de contrôle des ressources afin d'étudier la complexité d'un plus grand nombre d'algorithmes dont des algorithmes sur des données infinies ou des algorithmes de type diviser pour régner. Nous combinons cette notion à différents critères de terminaison comme les ordres RPO, les paires de dépendance ou le size-change principle et nous la comparons à la notion de quasi-interprétation. En outre, après avoir caractérisé des petites classes de complexité parallèles, nous donnons quelques heuristiques permettant de synthétiser des sup-interprétations sans la propriété sous-terme, c'est à dire des sup-interprétations qui ne sont pas des quasi-interprétations. Enfin, dans un dernier chapitre, nous adaptons les sup-interprétations à des langages orientés-objet, obtenant ainsi différents critères pour contrôler les ressources d'un programme objet et de ses méthodes.
Andrés, Samuel. "Ontologies dans les images satellitaires : interprétation sémantique des images". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00998692.
Pełny tekst źródłaPéchoux, Romain. "Analyse de la complexité des programmes par interprétation sémantique". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL084N/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThere are several approaches developed by the Implicit Computational Complexity (ICC) community which try to analyze and control program resources. In this document, we focus our study on the resource control with the help of semantics interpretations. After introducing the notion of quasi-interpretation together with its distinct properties and characterizations, we show the results obtained in the study of such a tool: We study the synthesis problem which consists in finding a quasi-interpretation for a given program and we tackle the issue of quasi-interpretation modularity. Modularity allows to decrease the complexity of the synthesis procedure and to capture more algorithms. We present several extensions of quasi-interpretations to reactive programming, bytecode verification or higher-order programming. Afterwards, we introduce the notion of sup-interpretation. This notion strictly generalizes the one of quasi-interpretation and is used in distinct criteria in order to control the resources of more algorithms, including algorithms over infinite data and algorithms using a divide and conquer strategy. We combine sup-interpretations with distinct termination criteria, such as RPO orderings, dependency pairs or size-change principle, and we compare them to the notion of quasi-interpretation. Using the notion of sup-interpretation, we characterize small parallel complexity classes. We provide some heuristics for the sup-interpretation synthesis: we manage to synthesize sup-interpretations without the subterm property, that is, sup-interpretations which are not quasi-interpretations. Finally, we extend sup-interpretations to object-oriented programs, thus obtaining distinct criteria for resource control of object-oriented programs and their methods
Foucherot, Irène. "Analyse syntaxique et interprétation de clauses de Horn". Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOS055.
Pełny tekst źródłaSellami, Akrem. "Interprétation sémantique d'images hyperspectrales basée sur la réduction adaptative de dimensionnalité". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0037/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaHyperspectral imagery allows to acquire a rich spectral information of a scene in several hundred or even thousands of narrow and contiguous spectral bands. However, with the high number of spectral bands, the strong inter-bands spectral correlation and the redundancy of spectro-spatial information, the interpretation of these massive hyperspectral data is one of the major challenges for the remote sensing scientific community. In this context, the major challenge is to reduce the number of unnecessary spectral bands, that is, to reduce the redundancy and high correlation of spectral bands while preserving the relevant information. Therefore, projection approaches aim to transform the hyperspectral data into a reduced subspace by combining all original spectral bands. In addition, band selection approaches attempt to find a subset of relevant spectral bands. In this thesis, firstly we focus on hyperspectral images classification attempting to integrate the spectro-spatial information into dimension reduction in order to improve the classification performance and to overcome the loss of spatial information in projection approaches.Therefore, we propose a hybrid model to preserve the spectro-spatial information exploiting the tensor model in the locality preserving projection approach (TLPP) and to use the constraint band selection (CBS) as unsupervised approach to select the discriminant spectral bands. To model the uncertainty and imperfection of these reduction approaches and classifiers, we propose an evidential approach based on the Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST). In the second step, we try to extend the hybrid model by exploiting the semantic knowledge extracted through the features obtained by the previously proposed approach TLPP to enrich the CBS technique. Indeed, the proposed approach makes it possible to select a relevant spectral bands which are at the same time informative, discriminant, distinctive and not very redundant. In fact, this approach selects the discriminant and distinctive spectral bands using the CBS technique injecting the extracted rules obtained with knowledge extraction techniques to automatically and adaptively select the optimal subset of relevant spectral bands. The performance of our approach is evaluated using several real hyperspectral data
Massé, Damien. "Vérification par interprétation abstraite guidée par une propriété temporelle". Palaiseau, École polytechnique, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPXX0048.
Pełny tekst źródłaWieckowski, Danièle. "Genèse du poème : sémantique et alchimie : une lecture de Mallarmé". Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20019.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe purpose of this work is to show Mallarmé's poetic work is, for a significative part, inspired by the evolution of ideas which induced poets, in the second half of XIXe century, to refer, with the intention of exceeding "positive "mind, to hermetic tradition and alchemical operation, taken not only as experimental practice but also as spiritual exercice, though kept at a distance as may require a critical modernity. The first part of this thesis shows Mallarmé's texts refer precisely to alchemical process and symbolism. The study goes on according to the progress of the great work and gives a significant place to the sonnet en yx and to igitur, the first as a "mise en abyme" of the various states of the work, the second as an illustration of the individuating process that alchemical operation implies. The second part of this study analyses, within the context of Mallarmé's works and of the poet's correspondance, the semantic evolution of three words, "oubli", "nul" and "pur", representative of Malllarmé's poetic purposes, and showing how the poet, as by an alchemical process, purified the "words of the tribe", and transformed them into the words of an hyperbolical language, opposed to the worth money language of communication
Tzolovski, Stanislav. "Raffinement d'analyses statiques par interprétation abstraite". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPXX0044.
Pełny tekst źródłaBlakqori, Teutë. "Le groupe nominal en albanais : morphologie, syntaxe, interprétation". Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/175828784#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe goal of this dissertation is to provide a description of the noun phrase and to correlate interpretation and morphosyntax. Traditional grammars of Albanian distinguish between two surface forms of the noun: a "determined" form (e shquar) and a determinerless/ "undetermined" form (e pashquar). Two observations may be made from the data (both drawn from attested texts or discourse, and elicited), namely, that contrary to expectation, a some "undetermined" noun phrases are open to "definite" readings and (ii) that, to some extent, the distribution of "undetermined" noun phrases corresponds to that of bare nouns in other languages. The analysis of Albanian determinerless noun phrases as bare nouns sheds some light on their distributional and interpretative properties. The present study is also concerned with the following topics: (i) the interpretations available for definite DPs — weak definite, strong definite and generic (ii) demonstrative noun phrases (iii) the ‘connective article’, which I analyse as an agreement marker signalling that an inflected noun phrase has raised to the left of some modifier
Van, Geen Christine. "Dire la signification : la question de la possibilité de la sémantique". Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUEL548.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe question whether semantics is possible was most important to Frege and Wittgenstein, at the beginning of analytical philosophy. The subsequent development of two different ways of expressing meaning has been thought to show that the whole point of semantics is obsolete. One is formal semantics in logic, the other, syntaxism in cognitive science. In this dissertation, I show that Frege's and Wittgenstein's question is extremely relevant, as long as it is not misunderstood as a transcendentalist thesis. I elaborate a view that semantics is impossible, but without using any of the transcendentalist imagery traditionally, and wrongly, associated to the thesis of the ineffability of meaning
Bouissou, Olivier. "Analyse statique par interprétation abstraite de systèmes hybrides". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004412.
Pełny tekst źródłaVentresque, Anthony. "Espaces vectoriels sémantiques : enrichissement et interprétation de requêtes dans un système d'information distribué et hétérogène". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457820.
Pełny tekst źródłaPierre, Maxime. "La poétique du carmen : étude d'une énonciation romaine des douze tables à l'époque d'Auguste". Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070114.
Pełny tekst źródłaOur study is an analysis of how the term carmen was used in rome to refer to a specific act of speech. The first part broaches the uses of the word when related to three types of agents - birds, instruments, and cantores - showing the unity of a category which, although not an equivalent, embraces the modern notions of song and music. The carmen is thus defined as an act incorporating the properties of the uox, perceived as sonorous matter that provokes physical, emotional and semantic effects. Part 2 and 3 deal with the uses of the word in the field of religion and law: they show a semantic evolution of the word which, after having referred to "magical" speech acts competing with the law, is renewed at the beginning of the roman empire as an archaising category designating any type of speech act where words are supposed to have an intrinsic efficiency: prayers, laws, or prophecies. Flnally, part 4 and 5 outline the gradual use of carmen as a word of poetic self-reference: first referring to the performance of an actor as opposed to the poema, which is a text, the word carmen is later reconsidered by Catullus and Lucretius as a fictive act of speech. Virgil, Horace and Propertius broaden this novelty by using carmen and canere to refer to the poetic act: it becomes a global speech act category, unifying heterogeneous greek practices, designating either iambos, melos, epos or elegy. This unifying speech act allows the new roman poets to import greek poetry as a significant form qf cultural renewal, which is typical of the augustan age
Bacalexi, Constantina. "La notion de noblesse chez Euripide : étude sémantique et thématique". Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040023.
Pełny tekst źródłaEuripides' theatre production is influenced by the crisis due to the Peloponnesian war. Ideas change: thus nobility, which was a constant preoccupation of all the Greek heroes in epics and lyric poetry. In order to define this notion, we have studied terms used for this purpose in various contexts. We found out that Euripides is not inventing a new "nobility vocabulary", but is creating new contexts for ancient words. The "traditional" ideas of birth and war excellence are not rejected by Euripides. The poet is just criticizing appearances of nobility. Well-born heroes, great kings, brave warriors of the old days become hypocritical, selfish, tyrannical, ridiculous and lack ancient nobility. Euripides' "noble" characters are not perfect. They are just human beings, trying to win the nobility race not in a battlefield, but inside the city. Let us examinate the new nobility criterions : the passion of justice or love, the self-sacrifice which gives freedom to the humiliated, the intellectual and moral superiority, the husbandman's dignity, the Athenian "egalitarian excellency" of the autochthons, the new heroism of the ancient monsters' killers, who surpass themselves in the everyday life, disapproving heroic death. Henceforth, the nobles' "individualistic" immortal renown
Fleurant, Josebert. "L'analyse sémantique du mot saint, tel qu'utilisé au Lévitique 19,2". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/62304.
Pełny tekst źródłaDjaoud, Smaïl. "Sémantique de la doxa dans les sciences sociales sur le Maghreb : de Charles-André Julien à Germaine Tillion". Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100202.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe social sciences which deal with the Maghreb were chiefly established in the context of colonisation. The present work proposes a semantic description of a recent phase of these sciences. Through a corpus based on four texts, the following prominent authors were selected: Charles-André Julien, Mostéfa Lacheraf, Pierre Bourdieu and Germaine Tillion. All of them experienced the transition from the colonial to the post colonial period. After a critical analysis of their texts, grounded on constructed interpretative trajectories, the dissertation establishes the continuity of some "doxical configurations" inherited from past forms of knowledge. Five types of rewriting processes are distinguished: geographic, ecological, nationalist, mediterraneanist and mythological ones
Le, Guen Jean-Michel. "Champs textuel et sémantique des Chimères de Nerval". Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040038.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe first part of this thesis attempts to methodically define a corpus of texts which totally resemble one or another of the poels in Nerval's Chimeres. Working on the assumption that coupling texts from different volumes written by Nerval is justified only in cases where the two structures may be superimposed, I discovered fewer doublets in Les Filles du feu than in Voyage en Orient, Les Illuminés and Aurelia. I therefore had good grounds for broadening my of the book of sonnets, les Chimeres (though it is in itself of considerable importance), in order to complete the semantic field which is divided between life and death, and which branches out into dichotomies. The moral world can be deduced from the physical world, even down to its hierarchy of dramas (religion, politics, society and family) - in which the analysis of energy whether immanent or transcendent, attractive or not in relation to another source of energy, might be used to define figures of fire (or even figures of darkness) names in les Chimeres and which will be classified in a third field, a narrative one, which is prepared by this thesis
Sharma, Gaurav. "Description Sémantique des Humains présents dans des Images Vidéo". Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767699.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuvert, Frédéric. "Composition sémantique pour la langue orale". Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00609520.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoivin, Patrice. "Édition critique du Livre des Tables de Victor Hugo". Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040215.
Pełny tekst źródłaBetween September 1853 and October 1855, Victor Hugo, who had been in exile in Jersey since August 1852, practiced spiritualism nearly everyday. During those sessions, Hugo conversed with the most illustrious of spirits, such as Dante, Shakespeare, Jesus, Eschyle, Galileo as well as with the most abstract of forms, like The Shadow of the Sepulchre, Drama or Death. This puzzling journey deep into spiritualism and poetry was compiled into four notebooks which were to form what Victor Hugo called The Book Of Tables. We have got hold of only two notebooks - one in 1962, on which the main studies about Hugo's time in exile rely, and the second in 1972, which made all the studies published at the time obsolete, erroneous or incomplete. We intend to design a critical edition of the two original notebooks written in Jersey in 1854 and in 1855 respectively. The later one has never been subjected to critical analysis or editorial work. The hereby edition is not to be understood as a seriously established text or as an attempt to bring clarifications through annotations. Above all, its relevance lies in what has not been done yet, that is, the gathering of all the existing documents : the two original notebooks written in Jersey, the available and so far unpublished official records along with other documents, among which letters that have been discovered in the collection the Maison de Victor Hugo. The Critical Edition of The Book Of Tables firstly aims to draw the history and chronology of the four notebooks written in Jersey ; its second purpose is to establish the circumstances and modalities in which they were set down so as to make the actual part played by Hugo in the writing of the two notebooks come to light. Finally, it aims to bring out the considerable influence of Hugo's spiritualist time on his production as well as on all his system of thought
Hymans, Charles. "Vérification de descriptions VHDL par interprétation abstraite". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000875.
Pełny tekst źródłaFraisse, Luc. "Le fragment expérimental : pour une sémantique de la création proustienne". Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040093.
Pełny tekst źródłaLe, Pors Éric. "Interprétation sémantique des exigences pour l'enrichissement de la traçabilité et pour l'amélioration des architectures de systèmes complexes". Télécom Bretagne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TELB0127.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe increasing complexity of software-intensive systems produced in the industry is related to the complexity of engineering: reduction of production delays, activities organisation, managing subcontractors. . . This complexity is also due to the increasing number of new functions and data to be processed. Moreover, it depends on the number of physical and software components to interact, constrained in terms of functionality and quality, which implies ever more difficult designs for these systems. To control their production, a high level of expertise is required in more and more domains. Moreover, this knowledge must be shared by many teams collaborating on building specification and implementing separate and specific entities of the system. System Engineering process describes the different building phases, from operational need analysis, through system need analysis, to the establishment of an architectural solution that meets the functional need expressed by the customer. This need is formalized in requirements. This PhD work proposes an approach to model architectural solutions by expressing the required functions associated with their non-functional constraints using different viewpoints. These viewpoints can represent different facets of the architectural solution, separing thus the global complexity. Additionally, controls allow to ensure that the solution is compliant with coherence and design rules. We also propose a method coupled with the realization of a conceptual model of the system and its environment, in order to obtain better written requirements. The conceptual model allows us to make an interpretation of the semantics present in these requirements in order to extract control and verification elements. These items captured in requirements will annotate elements of different viewpoints, representing the architecture, by exploiting traceability links established by design engineers. The verification of these annotations consideration and the automatic generation of viewpoints from information contained in the requirements allows us to obtain architectural solutions closer to the customer needs. The conceptual model also gives us the opportunity to capitalize, in different expertise domains, on engineers knowledge. It also enables us to establish a reference model as a basis for discussion and training of new team members
Anquetil, Sophie. "Peut-on classer les actes de langage indirects? : étude d'un paradoxe sémantique". Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN1553.
Pełny tekst źródłaPop, Sebastian. "La représentation SSA : sémantique, analyses et implémentation dans GCC". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002281.
Pełny tekst źródłaIbrahim, Mohamed Ahmed Khalaf. "Poétique du descriptif : approche sémantique du "Chant du monde" de Jean Giono". Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30008.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis aims at defending the literary status of description and bringing out its importance in the readability of a work of fiction. We start by highlighting the moments which saw the shattering of this linguistic practice within the classical rhetorical institution that granted it the full status of a figure of thought by exposition, then those which saw its underrating and eclipse within the critical discourse, before coming to the lively controversies raised about it during the last century between writers, critics, linguists and semioticians. To illustrate our attitude, we have examined, using a linguistic, semantic, textual and semiotic approach, this mode of textual organisation within a literary text considered as eminently descriptive : Jean Giono's Le chant du monde. Our study has yielded the following conclusions: - every use of language supposes, one way or another, a descriptive dimension (Genette); - descriptive enunciation position and brings into play a certain number of skills on the part of the speaker/writer as well as on that of the reader/hearer; - description ensures a great number of functions within literary representation; - the greatest part of the poetic, as well as the aesthetic aspects of writing reveals itself through descriptive "pauses" which are particularly rich in evocative representations (Dominicy and Gouvard); - description represents a textual opportunity for the writer who takes advantage of it to display his rhetorical and stylistic skills, hence original and fanciful images as well as the most staggering pictures
Gérard, Christophe. "Contribution à une sémantique interprétative des styles : étude de deux oeuvres de la modernité poétique : Jacques Dupin et Gérard Macé". Toulouse 2, 2004. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01093043.
Pełny tekst źródłaFor linguistics, the challenge of style is not the definition of what it is, but of what belongs to style in its own phenomenality order, and assuming the diversity of styles as they are actualised, identified and described in texts within a built corpus. In this way, discussing with the other text approaches (poetics, stylistics), we question the conditions, objectives, and means of a linguistic description of styles, and, in the same time, the textual proper identities. The task of a description of styles is assigned to a text semantics which can respond to the question of style in terms of a morphosemantic conception of text, and thus give answers to the difficulties of describing modern poetry. To reach that goal, we use J. DUPIN and G. MACE's artworks. The analysis we make illustrate the differents forms of singularities which build the semantic phenomena as many as stylistic variations taken into the perception and interpretation of read texts
Hymans, Charles. "Vérification de composants VHDL par interprétation abstraite". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2004. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000875.
Pełny tekst źródłaEngel, Pascal. "Recherches sur les conditions d'une sémantique formelle du langage naturel : (la philosophie du langage de Donald Davidson)". Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10047.
Pełny tekst źródłaRuget, Nathalie. "Le retentissement des mots dans les oeuvres électroacoustique de Luciano Berio, Bruno Maderna, Luigi Nono et le concept de résonnance sémantique". Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040039.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the aftermath of World War II, music and technology met and, through the combined research of several scientific fields, new reflections arose regarding musical creation and the concepts of tools. The questioning about the history of creation is refined, widening the notion of semantics. Our study deals with the concept of semantic resonance. It develops this concept first by putting into perspective the main stages of the processing of text in the early twentieth century (the work of poets on sound, the theater and radio opera, psychoanalysis), then by describing, in the scientific field, the rise of the cognitive sciences since the first cybernetics and the contribution of their work on the processes of creation and perception, and, in the music field, the research in the studios in Paris, Cologne, Berlin and Milan. Within the framework of semantic resonance previously developed in the dissertation, a thorough parallel is then established between the text and music in some electroacoustic works by Luciano Berio (Ritratto di città, C’è musica e musica, Chants parallèles, Visage, Laborintus 2), Bruno Maderna (Ritratto di città, Invenzione su una voce, Ages, Don Perlimplin, Ausstrahlung) and Luigi Nono (Das atmende Klarsein, Quando stanno morendo, Omaggio a György Kurtág, Risonanze erranti), spanning from the fifties to the eighties
Fusellier-Souza, Ivani. "Sémiogenèse des langues des signes : étude de langues des signes primaires (LSP) pratiquées par des sourds brésiliens". Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082477.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on a descriptive linguistic study of Primary Signed Languages (PSL) practiced by deaf individuals with no contact with conventional sign languages and living integrated in hearing environment. Our analysis, based on a semiogentic model in which iconicity is the central paradigm (Cuxac, on 2000), includes two levels : morpho-phonetics and morpho-semantics on one hand and strategies participating in the linguistic functioning of PSL on formal, functional and discursive means. The video corpus we have studied is composed of forty-four sequences from spontaneous discourses produced by three Brazilian deaf adults in interaction with one (or two/three) hearing interlocutor(s). We propose a data processing in both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The findings of this study show how elaborated and sophisticated these languages are organised on both cognitive and linguistic aspects. Thereby, the revealed structuring of PSL provides new insights about a range of issues relating to : the semiogenesis of signed languages, the emergence and the dynamic development of human language, the relation between language and cognition as well as the relation between gestuality and language
Loiseau, Sylvain. "Sémantique du discours philosophique : du corpus aux normes : autour de G. Deleuze et des années 60". Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100119.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis aims at describing the philosophical discourse through the properties of its texts. Discourse is intended as a norm determining, at the level of the text, all the levels of the description. Correlations between these levels are described by the mean of a deeply annotated corpus comprising texts by G. Deleuze. Accessing the empirical complexity of this corpus allows us to show the importance of discourse normativity, from the morphological level to the semantic macro-structures. We examine also the influence of the idiolect and its interaction with discursive normativity. The theoretical frame of a linguistic of the norms and the methodological frame of corpus linguistics allow to make the discourse an observable and to discuss the typological criteria which do not take it into account
Pataut, Fabrice. "Réalisme, anti-réalisme, et manifestabilité de la compétance sémantique". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010719.
Pełny tekst źródłaMichael Dummett's anti-realist argument urges us to conclude that we cannot manifest a knowledge of the truth-conditions of sentences for which no decision procedure is at present available. I begin with a rejection of that conclusion in the case of godel's undecidable formula. Two types of manifestation are then considered for de facto undecided sentences : by stating and by effectively deciding. The first type is rejected on grounds of circularity and regression. This rejection leads to conclusions concerning the general conditions of manifestability and the relevance of the criterion of decidability. The analysis of manifestation by means of decision shows that, either Dummett's argument is a reductio ad absurdum of the defense of the truth-conditional principle, or the advocate of the principle may vindicate realism by ascribing to speakers a capacity to look for decision procedures. Since this may be done by avoiding the transcendance objection, the realist meets the manifestation requirement. A substantial modification of the conception of the debate is then proposed : the realism vs. Anti-realism debate also covers the case of sentences that are decidable relative to unskeptical standards. Finally, since the choice in favour of justifiability conditions as the central concept of the theory of meaning is incompatible with dummett's wholesale rejection of holism, the manifestation challenge is turned against the anti-realist
El, Guebli Najat. "Analyse sémio linguistique de quelques vêtements de mode : esquisse dictionnairique et lexiculturelle". Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/09CERG0405.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis doctoral dissertation deals with the semiology of clothes from different points of view. We have considered the characteristics of clothes which constitute an exclusively human phenomenon by analysing linguistic and semiotic aspects. Recording and analysing proverbs and sayings about clothes, we tried to discern their inherent semiotic value. The phenomenon of fashion representing an integral part of the universe of clothes, we examined the meaning of various garments in view of their quality as signs. In this respect we pointed out the partial analogy between the system of clothing and linguistics (cf. Archaism, neologism, motivation, immotivation, antonymy, codes of communication, context, etc. )A complementary study of the dictionary proved useful for revealing the hidden semantic facets of the word “garment”. To achieve this aim, we applied a method known as “triple dictionary investigation”, taking advantage of computer-based versions of representative French dictionaries. Last but not least, we looked upon garments as a cultural phenomenon. With the help of proverbs from a different language, we tried to bring out the “lexi-cultural” value of garments more clearly. In the present case, we examined traditional Arab garments
Al, Hasan Mohammed Moaffak. "L'évolution sémantique du langage poétique hébraïque profane andalou sous l'influence de la poésie arabe : l'exemple de Moïse ibn Ezra". Lille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL30037.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research is based on three theoretical studies : socio-literary studies, comparative studies and semantic studies, and applies these theoretical principles on the poetry of Moses ibn Ezra, in his book titled Sefer ha-'anaq. Through the application of the theory of semantic fields, the researcher formed a glossary of poetic language of Ibn Ezra, which reflects the geographical and social environment of Andalusia during middle ages. During the semantic study, the researcher compared the poetic language of Ibn Ezra, on one side with the biblical texts and on the other side with Arabic poetry. It is noticed that Ibn Ezra, although used the biblical vocabularies, his poetic language is very different from the language of biblical poetry. His poetic language is quite closed to the language of Arabic poetry as the Arabic influence manifested indirectly and directly : the indirect effect appears in two forms i. E. The metaphorical space and the intertextuality. The direct impact is distributed in two levels i. E. Simple words used in a way semantically evolved under the influence of Arabic ; and expressions and expressive styles which Ibn Ezra borrowed from the Arabic poetry to integrate into the stucture of Hebrew poetry
Le, Corre Geneviève. "L'organisation structurelle du sens en langue des signes française (LSF) : du statut "figural" du signe standard à l'isotopie "structurelle" du discours signé". Brest, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BRES1003.
Pełny tekst źródłaSchmouchkovitch, Michel. "Le problème de l'interprétation de l'oxymore dans l'oeuvre de J. -J. Rousseau". Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20028.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we propose a semantic analysis of the oxymoron, a figure of speech envisaged as a way to approach the system of thought of J. -J. Rousseau. First, we detail the theoretical foundations (taken from mediation theory) which enable us to specify an idiom specific to Rousseau faced with common sense knowledge. Secondly, we expose the principles of interpretative semantics, a micro-semantics linguistic theory we use in order to supply the necessary descriptions of the interpretative paths able to take into account phrases reputed to be strange. Finally, we formulate a structured set of four semantic criteria, always present in the oxymoron but sufficiently distinct from other figures of a contradictory nature (especially paradox). Depending on Rousseau’s use of the oxymoron, we have recourse either to interpretative operations not determining a rupture with respect to the doxa, or to the hypothesis of counterfeit universes. Since the oxymoron cannot be interpreted on the basis of local information alone, we looked for global determinations. Taking three examples (having as their subject eloquence, economics and the gospel), we try to show in what way Rousseau makes use of the oxymoron to set up possible worlds where contraries may be in combination without being in opposition
Tremblay, Christian. "L' apport de la modélisation des connaissances à la codification et à la simplification des textes normatifs : Analyse sémantico-syntaxique des textes normatifs ou la linguistique générale au service du droit". Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020115.
Pełny tekst źródłaStransky, Jan. "Analyse sémantique de structures de données dynamiques avec application au cas particulier de langages LISPiens". Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112187.
Pełny tekst źródłaElnady, Ahmed Ali Abdel Gawad. "L' ordre des mots dans la phrase de Gustave Flaubert : position, portée et interprétation des circonstants de temps, lieu et manière dans l'Education sentimentale : étude syntaxique, stylistique et poétique". Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/elnady_a.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe object of study is to propose an approach which seems most relevant highlighting the various operating modes from circonstants of time, place and manner in the sentence of Gustave Flaubert. These modes are based on the psychomecanic of the language of Gustave Guillaume, and particularly on the theory of the incidence. But it is initially necessary to define circonstant and to propose the linguistic criteria for its identification. The thesis thus consists of three principal parts. The first part poses the theoretical framework of this research, starting from a definition of the concept of circonstant in language. This part deals in detail with grammars and work of linguistics (including the most recent aspects of the question). In the second part, we discusse as a starting point the typology of the incidences of Claude Guimier who concentrates on English adverbs (1988) and the adverbs in - lies in French (1996). Three operating modes of the circonstants can thus be distinguished: the endophrastic intra-predicative circonstants, the exophrastic circonstants and the circonstants which range from intra to extra-prédicativité. The third and last part of this work is the one which shows the stylistic importance and the poetic value of circonstants in the work of Flaubert
Milan, Johan. "Vers une grammaire du désir : dire l’union et la chair en grec préclassique (étymologie, lexicologie et sémantique)". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL086.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaHow to express erotic desire and its success? From Homeric epics to Pindar’s odes, from Hesiod’s cosmogony to the harsh moral invective, and the passion of lyrics poets, this study examines all the linguistic material from the archaic period to show that process. Desire and sexuality are considered an idiom of their own, within ancient Greek, using their own words, syntax and stylistics. Their words dwell in those of the common tongue and build concepts of desire inside a specific timeline. French is often blind to such a differentiation. Desire turns into an overpowering force and a formidable magical artefact. The syntax of sexual congress and procreation – at the heart of genealogies – thrives through strong constraints, such as decency – and, although eroticism is fundamental in building characters or structuring the world, it is seen as inappropriate – and obscene excess, while fighting for morality. Eroticism is hard to express: it uses the implicit or the caricature, and follows complex conventions. Its stylistics, at last, words its embodiment: desire becomes an object one can touch, wear like an amulet or an ornament, and see, thanks to its glow and material. It is staged, especially in nature, because it reflects its inner ambivalence, between fascination and danger. Erotic and sexual metaphors call out landscapes, plants, and animals, in order to insert desiring human beings into the world. The grammar of desire forms a complex mechanism based on complicity and the questioning human nature
Belaid, Nabil. "Modélisation de services et de workflows sémantiques à base d'ontologies de services et d'indexations". Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00605153.
Pełny tekst źródłaServices and workflows allow computer processing and information exchange. However, only information relevant to their computer management (storage, delivery, etc. ) is specified in the syntactic description languages such as WSDL, BPEL or XPDL. Indeed, these descriptions do not explicitly link the services and workflows to the implemented functions. To overcome these limitations, we propose an approach based on the definition of ontology of services (shared conceptualizations) and semantic indexations. Our proposal in ontology based databases to store and index the different services and workflows. The implementation of our approach is a prototype that enables to store, search, replace, reuse existing IT services and workflows and build new ones incrementally. This work is validated by being applied to the geological modeling field
Strat, Sabin Tiberius. "Analyse et interprétation de scènes visuelles par approches collaboratives". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959081.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrière, Véronique. "Langage, sémantique et ontologie : une étude de la problématique catégoriale dans l'oeuvre d'Aristote (Des Catégories aux catégories)". Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100171.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation interrogates the notion of categories in Aristotle's work in ils various formulations as it ranges across the registers of physics and metaphysics, dialectics, and logic. A detailed rereading of Categories that focuses on Aristotle's interpretation of the origins of the ontological aporias -- of Platonism in particular-- reveals how the text adumbrates a philosophical strategy meant to deconstruct such aporias. A reading of On Sophistical Refutations, of Topics, and Prio rAnalytics confirms that at the basis of ibis strategy is a reflection on semantics. Semantics, however, cannot be reduced to ontology, although it is founded upon it. Rather, it represents the means to establish a new ontology. Consequently, categories should be understood as unity forms, and forms for determination, which supplant the domination of the logic of substance. As for metaphysics, it does not reduce categories to "genres" that would replace platonic ones (Sophist) nor to ontological accidents of substance. At stake here is the reinterpretation of the entire study of ousia in metaphysics as much as the supposed status of « categories. » My aim is to foreground the full scope of Aristotle's conceptualization of language, for it is neither a work of strict formalism nor simply a work on the rules of common speech. Not even the apophantic perspective of the sciences can ignore the semantic nature of language and the fact that the symbolic function it supposedly guarantees is thrown into question. This dissertation connects the understanding of katêgorein to Aristotle's interpretation of the aporias of Platonism, of the Eleates and of the physiologues. It connects it as well to what constitutes sophistics, i. E. The absence of semantics, a saturation based on the conflation of all units of meaning as well ac of any determined unit, with the form of substance, tode it. It is precisely against this dominant scheme, thought to be deleterious for language and ontology both, that Aristotle generates the concepts of categories. For this reason, I argue, we must no longer interpret categories as forms imposed on logos in predication or as types of "things" reduced to a naïve phenomenology. This new approach, rather, invites us to trace, from one text to another and within given texts, metaphorical slippages responsible for the ontological transformation of certain notions
Sene, Abib. "Sémiotique de l'espace et sémantique du discours littéraire dans les oeuvres de Ngugi wa Thiong'o, George Lamming et William Boyd". Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR2030/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaAfrican, Caribbean, and English societies, in spite of the fact that they share common features, remain different in their profile on the grounds of the particularities of the physical spaces that witness their expressions and the specific goals they target within historical, cultural, political and economic data that form out their social stratification. In this way, it becomes important, as a main idea of this work, to put on surface the intrinsic link between space and discourse. A semiotic analysis of literary space in Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s, George Lamming’s and William Boyd’s works has led to a concluding argument which highlights social and political realities. Read through a semiotic stand, the nomenclature of these events and realities root their meaning in communicating scenarios which portray pragmatic aspects. Levels of language and nature of messages help to observe some logic of positions and transformations that imply continuity and discontinuity dimensions. What affects to the literary message an anthropological account narrated into a framework of interactions that articulate a totalizing significance
Defresne, Michèle. "L' expression de la faible quantité en latin : parvum, paulum, pauci, dans le cadre de la théorie de l'argumentation dans la langue d'O. Ducrot". Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040055.
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