Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „International legislation”
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Tremblay, Michel 1955 Feb 27. "The legal status of military aircraft in international law /". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81237.
Pełny tekst źródłaRose, Cecily Elizabeth. "International regulation of private sector corruption". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648506.
Pełny tekst źródłaLim, Kevin (Kevin Shun Wei). "Estimating the effects of foreign bribery legislation in the international economy". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62471.
Pełny tekst źródłaCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-67).
Foreign bribery - the payment of bribes across borders - poses a classic collective action problem in theory. A firm may extract benefits through the payment of bribes to foreign public officials without its own country bearing the associated costs of governmental corruption, and hence while eliminating foreign bribery may be in the best interests of all who are engaged with the global economy, there are few obvious incentives for any one national government to be the first to take action. Over the last two decades, however, an unprecedented degree of multilateral cooperation on the issue of foreign bribery has been achieved. In particular, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has been a key institutional locus of activity, serving as the coordinating body for the monitoring and enforcement of a comprehensive anti-bribery convention that was adopted in 1997. This convention appears to have been largely successful at least in terms of spurring legislative change: all OECD member countries as well as several nonmember nations have since adopted laws that explicitly criminalize the act of bribing foreign public officials, and the capacity of the state to monitor, detect, and prosecute the offense of foreign bribery has ostensibly been enhanced. Given the potential for collective action problems to develop, it is thus important to ask whether the legislative action that has been taken thus far is meaningful in any measurable sense. I answer this question by constructing an original measure of the strictness of foreign bribery legislation, which I then employ as the main independent variable in an empirical study of export data, utilizing both difference-in-difference estimators and regression analysis. The results of my analysis provide support for the hypothesis that the enactment of stricter foreign bribery legislation amongst the countries party to the OECD convention has reduced exports to more corrupt countries more so than it has exports to less corrupt countries. These findings are robust to a variety of sensitivity tests, and I thus conclude that the OECD's multilateral anti-bribery initiatives have indeed had a meaningful impact on business decisions in the international economy.
by Kevin Lim.
S.M.and S.B.
Kadikov, Artem. "International taxation of cross-border digital commerce". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ea6c6f2e-c65f-4fa5-945a-22eb71e12667.
Pełny tekst źródła冼澤榮 i Chak-wing Simon Sin. "International business environment: air services agreement". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31268286.
Pełny tekst źródłaMONTICINI, PIERLUIGI. "SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE: INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION, TECHNICAL ASPECTS, PRESENT SITUATION AND FUTURE POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6531.
Pełny tekst źródłaCollier, Richard Stuart. "The consequences for international fiscal law of unilateral anti-tax haven legislation". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326319.
Pełny tekst źródłaLusa, Bordin Fernando. "The analogy between states and international organizations : legal reasoning and the development of the law of international organizations". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708385.
Pełny tekst źródłaWinanti, Poppy Sulistyaning. "External pressures or domestic politics : explaining change in developing countries’ intellectual property legislation". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2794/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDesgagné, Richard. "La participation des états au commerce international : les contrats gouvernementaux en droit comparé et en droit international". Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60704.
Pełny tekst źródłaEspada, Gildo Manuel. "International law on water transfers". Thesis, University of Macau, 2007. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1880344.
Pełny tekst źródłaFarchakh, Loubna. "The concept of intergenerational equity in international law /". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80918.
Pełny tekst źródłaNyampong, Yaw Otu Mankata. "The regulation of aircraft engine emissions from international civil aviation /". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82666.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe other way in which the problem has been dealt with is the adoption of an industry-specific international regulatory regime for controlling aircraft engine emissions from civil aviation. In this regard, the international community has, through the law making functions of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), adopted the mechanism of Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) to establish a regulatory framework aimed at reducing environmentally harmful engine emissions. These SARPs, though international in nature, are to be implemented at the national level by the member states of ICAO.
This thesis provides a review of current understanding of the effects of aircraft engine emissions on the atmospheric environment and an analysis of the international responses to the problem. In particular, it focuses on the industry-specific regime adopted by ICAO and considers whether it is an effective tool for achieving a balance between the safe and orderly development of civil aviation and the human environment.
Allen, Sara-Ruth. "International trade rules: a case of imperialism at work?" University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Pełny tekst źródłaMalmsköld, Elin. "The status of abortion in public international law and its effect on domestic legislation". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355922.
Pełny tekst źródłaZhang, Chen Guang. "Judicial interventions in international commercial arbitration :an assessment of legislation and practice of China". Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3952244.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoutin, Karina. "L'utilité pratique du droit international dans la lutte contre le travail des enfants". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31152.
Pełny tekst źródłaTremblay, Simon 1979. "L'OIT et la responsabilisation extraterritoriale des états pour encadrer les activités des entreprises multinationales". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99153.
Pełny tekst źródłaIp, Chun-kit, i 葉俊傑. "Baggage claims under common law and international conventions: analysis of passengers' rights andcarriers? liabilities". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46541354.
Pełny tekst źródłaZhu, Feng 1979. "Anti-dumping laws under the WTO : a comparative study with emphasis on China's legislation". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82677.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrady, Michael J. "International law and national legislation : their relation to human rights and the protection of minorities". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387978.
Pełny tekst źródłaDowney, Michael J. "The incorporation of ILO Conventions into Hong Kong legislation and the implications for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region". Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38627796.
Pełny tekst źródłaNikolakakis, Niki. "The international legal ramifications of the OECD's harmful tax competition crusade /". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101823.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuzmán, Lozano Luz María. "Female labour in Mexico : a legal analysis comparing international and domestic law". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99139.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeaumier, Jean-François. "L'application extraterritoriale des lois nationales incorporant des normes internationales du travail". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80910.
Pełny tekst źródłaMuriu, Daniel Wanjau. "Recognition, redistribution and resistance : the legislation of the right to health and its potential and limits in Africa /". Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/7064.
Pełny tekst źródłaJung, Sang Yool 1965. "A legal analysis of aviation security under the international legal regime /". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82661.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe legal instruments are mainly based on several multilateral conventions, resolutions and declarations. They are all focused on how to eliminate safe heavens for unlawful actors against civil aviation, secure the safety of passenger and crew, and facilitate the resumption of affected aircraft.
The technical instruments, dealing with specific preventive security measures to suppress the unlawful acts against civil aviation on a practical basis, have been developed by ICAO as "Standards and Recommended Practices" (SARPs) in the form of Annexes. In addition, to promote global aviation security, ICAO launched its "Universal Security Audit Programme" immediately following the tragic events of September 11, 2001.
This thesis critically analyses the legal and technical aviation security systems under current international legal regimes and provides several recommendations to improve the remaining problems in the international aviation security system.
Alhoudail, Mamdouh Ali. "Air carrier liability : unfinished unification of private international air law". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98601.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis analyzes the provisions of liability regimes under the Warsaw System and the 1999 Montreal Convention. Chapter one studies the liability regime established under the original Warsaw Convention and the subsequent attempts by states, air carriers and other interested entities to update it. Chapter two analyzes the new regime of unlimited liability established by the 1999 Montreal Convention. Chapter three examines the liability of the air carrier for damage caused by terrorist activities. In an effort to demonstrate the innovative elements of the new Convention and to encourage states to ratify it, chapter four surveys the main benefits that have accrued to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and its national air carrier upon ratification of the 1999 Montreal Convention.
Водоласкова, Катерина Юріївна. "FREEDOM OF INFORMATION LAWS AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF HUMAN RIGHTS: COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION". Thesis, Юриспруденція в сучасному інформаційному просторі: [Матеріали ІХ Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції, м. Київ, Національний авіаційний університет, 1 березня 2019 р.] Том 1. – Тернопіль: Вектор, 2019. – 394 с, 2019. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/38100.
Pełny tekst źródłaBowman, Megan. "Our tangled web : international relations theory, international environmental law, and global biodiversity protection in a post-modern epoch of interdependence". Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78204.
Pełny tekst źródłaChen, Yi. "Food safety and international trade : international legal issues and challenges facing Chinese food exports /". Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2580105.
Pełny tekst źródłaMarinov, Marin kandidat na i︠u︡ridicheskite nauki. "Foreign direct investment in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and Hungary : a comparative study of the current legislation". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26212.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe present study is divided into four parts. The first part states the thesis itself, the goals, and the structure of the discussion.
The second part provides the basic premises of the analysis, with emphasis on the current data on foreign investment in the three countries.
The third part presents the core of the comparative study and deals with the following issues: basic foreign investment laws, including corporate laws, property rights of foreign persons, currency regimes. Among other important aspects, attention is paid to the following subjects: general treatment of FDI, foreign investment in corporate capital, branches of transnational corporations, forms of FDI, special procedures for banking and insurance, closed sectors for FDI, financing of investment, incentives of FDI, domestic and international guarantees for FDI etc. The set of criteria used to assess the compared legislation focuses primarily on the essential features of that legislation. This narrow approach is expedient in terms of the huge area that relates to foreign investment.
The final part uses the findings of the comparative study of the relevant legislation in order to determine the reasons for the lagging interest of foreign investors in Bulgaria. These reasons are found not to be due to any deep-seated differences in the pertinent legislation, but rather to some other factors, such as historical, socio-cultural, and geopolitical.
The law in the present work is stated as of 1 January 1994. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Mkiwa, Halfan. "The anticipated impact of GATS on the financial service industry in Africa". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6956_1219304028.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study was on the anticipated impact of GATS on the financial services industry in Africa. The paper examined the possible positive and negative impact of the GATS agreement on the financial services industry in the African countries. The research focused on the banking sector and the insurance sector as the main financial sectors under investigation.
Elfar, Mostafa [Verfasser], i Stephen [Akademischer Betreuer] Oeter. "International Investment Law and Domestic Legislation in MENA : Egypt, Jordan and Morocco / Mostafa Elfar ; Betreuer: Stephen Oeter". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1190285797/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaCheng, Jian Xiao. "International regulation of government procurement and the evolution in China". Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2147559.
Pełny tekst źródłaDecœur, Henri Bernard Louis. "Confronting the shadow state : developing international legal responses to state organised crime". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708711.
Pełny tekst źródłaGouesse, Emmanuel. "Responsibility in international law for commercial space activities". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31160.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis explores the applicable principles of space law and of the international law of responsibility. Taking into account the recent practice of private companies engaged in space business, the work also focuses both on its impact on the responsibility and liability regime as well as on the legal efficiency of the links between private entities and states.
In conclusion, the thesis makes several recommendations to improve the responsibility regime for space activities.
Dubin, Laurence. "La protection des normes sociales dans les échanges internationaux /". Aix-en-Provence : Presses Univ. d'Aix-Marseille, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/470253444.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBlom, Maria, i Anders Lenfors. "Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments : How Should Swedish Legislation Conform to the OECD December 2006 Report?" Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-13.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe purpose of this thesis is to establish whether the domestic legislation of Sweden is in tune with the OECD December 2006 report on the attribution of profits to permanent es-tablishments (December 2006 report) and if not how Sweden ought to conform. How to attribute business profits to a permanent establishment (PE) is laid down in Article 7 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital. In December 2006 the OECD released a report on how profits (losses) are to be attributed to PEs. The report lays down the current approach on how Contracting States should interpret Article 7 and is referred to as the authorised OECD approach. The purpose of the December 2006 Report is to re-vise Article 7 in order ensure a common interpretation on the Article. The aim is to apply the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines (TP Guidelines), otherwise applicable on transac-tions between a parent company and a subsidiary, by analogy to PE situations.
The profits attributable to a PE are to be decided by using a two-step analysis. Under the first step a PE is to be hypothesised as a distinct and separate enterprise. The functions performed, assets used and risks assumed are to be determined and attributed to the rele-vant parts of the enterprise. In order to do this the economic ownership of assets is to be regarded. According to the OECD the functions performed by the people working within a PE, the significant people functions (SPF), are decisive when attributing assets and risks. To support the use of assets and the assumption of risks a PE is to be provided with a proper amount of “free” capital. Under the second step of the analysis a fair share of the entire enterprise’s profit is to be attributed to the PE. The actual amount of profit is to be established by performing a comparability analysis and by thereafter applying different transaction methods, using the method that best expresses an arm’s length price to the dealing at hand. To calculate a proper profit a PE shall be allowed to deduct interest.
Sweden does not have much legislation concerning transfer pricing and there is hardly any legislation concerning PEs. There are no specific provisions in Swedish law on how to at-tribute profits between a head office and a PE. Furthermore, there are only a few judge-ments and no official guidelines regarding the attribution of profits to PEs. According to the domestic legislation of Sweden the amount of attributed profit shall be determined on the basis of separate accounts. The existing guidance in Swedish case law is not in tune with the authorised OECD approach. Swedish courts have ruled contrary to the authorised OECD approach when it comes to attributing “free” capital to a PE, allowing for deduc-tions of internal royalty payments and for recognising internal interest dealings. Further-more, a transfer of assets from a Swedish head office to a foreign PE has under certain cir-cumstances not been considered a taxable event. Since Sweden has not officially imple-mented any new legislation and the courts have not Stated any new principles regarding the attribution of profits to PEs it is unlikely that new concepts as the authorised OECD ap-proach will be adhered to at present time. In order to comply with the authorised OECD approach Sweden would need to introduce some new legislation.
We suggest that Sweden implement a Section in its domestic legislation based on the authorised OECD approach. If Sweden adopts our proposed Section it would provide for a more unitary and consistent international approach and a needed certainty for enterprises on the treatment of PEs for tax purposes.
Uppsatsens syfte är att utreda huruvida Sveriges lagstiftning är i linje med OECDs decem-ber 2006 rapport och huruvida eventuell anpassning av gällande lagstiftning bör företas. Hur vinster skall fördelas till fasta driftställen bestäms av artikel 7 i OECDs Modellavtal för beskattning av inkomst och kapital. I december 2006 presenterade OECD en rapport om hur vinster (förluster) bör fördelas till fasta driftställen. Rapporten beskriver hur medlems-Staterna bör tolka artikel 7 och är refererad till som den godkända OECDtolkningen. Syftet med december 2006 rapporten är att revidera artikel 7 för att få till stånd en enhetlig tolk-ning av artikeln. Målet är att OECD TP Guidelines, annars tillämpliga på transaktioner mellan moder- och dotterbolag, skulle tillämpas analogt på situationer gällande fasta drift-ställen.
Vinster hänförliga till ett fast driftställe skall bestämmas genom användning av en två stegs analys. Under det första steget i en sådan analys antas det fasta driftstället utgöra ett särskilt och separat bolag. De funktioner som utförs, tillgångar som används och risker som kan tänkas uppkomma i det fasta driftstället bestäms. För att kunna göra detta skall den eko-nomiska äganderätten av tillgången bestämmas. Funktioner som är av speciellt värde och som utförs av personal som arbetar vid det fasta driftstället, så kallade betydelsefulla perso-ners funktioner, är avgörande vid en fördelning av tillgångar och risker. För att stödja an-vändningen av tillgångar och antagandet av risker skall en skälig del av företagets fria kapi-tal tilldelas det fasta driftstället. Det andra steget i analysen skall bestämma hur mycket av bolagets vinst som skall tilldelas det fasta driftstället. Den vinst som skall fördelas bestäms utifrån en jämförbarhetsanalys och genom att tillämpa olika internprissättningsmetoder. Den metod som bäst ger uttryck för ett armslängdspris skall tillämpas på den gällande ”transaktionen”. För att beräkna en skälig vinst skall det fasta driftstället få göra ränteav-drag.
Generellt sett har Sverige inte mycket lagstiftning gällande internprissättning och det finns knappt någon lagstiftning gällande fasta driftställen. Svensk lagstiftning innehåller inga spe-cifika regler om hur vinster skall fördelas mellan ett huvudkontor och dess fasta driftsälle. Vidare finns endast ett fåtal rättsfall och ingen officiell vägledning av vinsters fördelning till fasta driftställen. Enligt gällande svensk lagstiftning skall summan av den vinst som skall fördelas bestämmas genom tillämpning av separata konton. Den vägledning som ges ur svensk rättspraxis är inte i linje med den godkända OECDtolkningen. Svenska domstolar har dömt i motsats till den godkända OECDtolkningen vad gäller fördelning av fritt kapital till ett utländskt fast driftställe och vad gäller tillåtenheten göra avdrag för interna royalty- och räntebetalningar. Vidare har det under vissa omständigheter inte ansetts vara en be-skattningsbar händelse då en tillgång flyttas mellan ett huvudkontor och ett fast driftställe. Då Sverige inte implementerat någon ny lagstiftning och domstolarna inte slagit fast någon ny rättspraxis gällande fördelning av vinster till fasta driftställen är det inte sannolikt att nya koncept som framgår av den godkända OECDtolkningen kommer att bli åhörda i Sverige för närvarande. För att vara i linje med den godkända OECDtolkningen skulle Sverige be-höva introducera ny lagstiftning på området.
Vi rekommenderar att Sverige implementerar ny lagstiftning baserad på den godkända OECDtolkningen. Om Sverige skulle välja att implementera vårt föreslagna tillägg i lag-stiftningen skulle det bidra till en mer konsekvent behandling av fasta driftställen och en nödvändig säkerhet för bolag avseende beskattningen av fasta driftställen.
Chinnian-Kester, Karin. "Female genital mutilation as a form of violence against women and girls: an analysis of the effectiveness of international human rights law". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Pełny tekst źródłaVenter, Debra. "The UNCITRAL model law on international commercial arbitration as basis for international and domestic arbitration in South Africa / Debra Venter". Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4930.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (LL.M. (Import and Export Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
Xue, Guifang. "China's response to international fisheries law and policy national action and regional cooperation /". Access electronically, 2004. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/369.
Pełny tekst źródłaChamoux, Capucine. "Access to environmental information in international law: the significance of the MOX Plant case (Ireland v. United Kingdom)". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn July 2003 the Arbitral Tribunal constituted under the OSPAR Convention rejected Ireland&rsquo
s request to have access to more information about the Mox plant. The procedure introduced by Ireland in October 2001 before an Arbitral Tribunal constituted under the UNCLOS is still pending. In this context, waiting for the final decision of this Arbitral Tribunal, the ITLOS ordered in December 2001, as a provisional measure, that Ireland and the United Kingdom must cooperate and exchange information. In November 2003, the Arbitral Tribunal constituted under the UNCLOS has suspended the proceedings, waiting for a decision of the European Court of Justice (ECJ). Indeed the European Commission, backing up the position of the United Kingdom, initiated proceedings against Ireland before the ECJ in 2003.
The Mox Plant Case illustrates and addresses several predominant matters in international environmental law. Firstly it illustrates the complexity of a system where several treaties between the same parties regulate the same issues. As a consequence in this case not less than four international jurisdictions have been and are still involved in the matter, leading to procedural difficulties. Secondly the Mox Plant Case illustrates the considerable difference of opinion which exists in the area of international environmental law with respect to the meaning and nature of the notion of &lsquo
access to information&rsquo
, and its relationship to other ancillary and concomitant notions, e. g. &lsquo
collaboration&rsquo
, &lsquo
cooperation&rsquo
, &lsquo
participation&rsquo
, etc., by and amongst states. The meaning of this concept, which is the cause of the dispute, differ depending on the context of treaty within which it is used.
From the analysis of the Mox Plant Case, in the context of the evolution of international law in general, and international environmental law in particular, the point is made on the strong link between the principle of cooperation and the right of access to environmental information, the first one necessarily including the latter to be effective. The other important element is the shift which is now established in international environmental law and governance from a strict application of the principle of state sovereignty, towards a more integrated vision. The interdependent nature of the environment makes necessary an interdependent governance and regulation of the issues related to it.
Salazar, Juan Carlos. "The burden of proof of the air cargo claimant under international law /". Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30323.
Pełny tekst źródłaRather than offering definite answers, this thesis identifies some current and emerging issues in the law of air cargo claims, particularly those aspects that the claimant must prove. The work traces the development of the Warsaw System by writers and courts, and attempts to identify trends in the application and interpretation of the new legal framework. The evolution towards independence of the law of carriage of goods by air from other similar regimes, and the existing connections among them, are examined. When appropriate, common law and civil law solutions to some legal issues will be introduced.
Finally, the thesis concludes that conflicting decisions in this field could be avoided by adopting uniform rules to solve conflicts of laws and to interpret international carriage conventions.
Naji, Alaa A. "Islamic Fiqh and the contract of international carriage of passengers by air". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33056.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is laid down in accordance with GOD's order to connect civilizations with each other and to benefit from each other's experience and knowledge toward a much better future for humanity.
The thesis tries to reflect upon the opinions of Islamic Fiqh with regard to the contract of international carriage of passengers by air and e-ticketing in a manner that is understandable to both Fiqh oriented and Western Law oriented readers. Therefore, it has been designed to include three major Parts where the first introduces the Western Law oriented reader to Islamic Fiqh. The Second Part introduces the Fiqh Oriented reader to the world of tickets and travel documents. Finally, the third chapter concentrates on the issue of electronic ticketing. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Bochinger, Steve. "The implications of the privatization of space telecommunications on international organizations /". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31150.
Pełny tekst źródłaBecause of the evolution of the sector, international satellite organizations have undertaken for around ten years several internal reforms that lead today to the privatization of the three major organizations: Intelsat, Inmarsat and Eutelsat. These transformations constitute a particular sensitive issue as these organizations have been initially established so that to exploit satellite systems for the general interest of their members.
The impact of this phenomenon is no less considerable on the ITU, in charge of the international regulation, from a regulatory but also structural point of view. Moreover, the liberalization of telecommunication market undertaken under the aegis of the WTO grants to this organization a new major place in space telecommunication regulation.
YAMADA, SHIN'YA, KUNIKO TAKIHI, MASASHI FURUTA, HISATAKA SAKAKIBARA, TAKA-AKI KONDO, MASARU MIYAO i KATSUMI YAMANAKA. "AN INTERNATIONAL ANALYSIS OF SMOKING CONTROL LEVELS IN RELATION TO HEALTH, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS". Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15931.
Pełny tekst źródłaBorg, Thomas. "The Relationship between EC-Law and Swedish Law regarding Competition and Labour Legislation". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-901.
Pełny tekst źródłaAccording to § 2 of the swedish Competition Law it does not apply to agreements between employers and employees regarding salary and other working conditions. In the EC-treaty there is no such exception, but the European Court of Justice has established one. The purpose of this paper is to investigate if there are any differences between the two exceptions and, if so, how those differences effects the possibility to challenge swedish collective agreements from a competition law standpoint.
Tenailleau, Marie Amelie. "Etude des procédures de mise en œuvre des droits fondamentaux au travail : perspectives d'évolution du rôle de l'OIT dans le contexte de la mondialisation". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34013.
Pełny tekst źródłaRamaswamy, Muruga Perumal. "Combating challenges in E-business: scope and limitations of international law and national legal measures in USA and China and therole of Hong Kong as a hub". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43877655.
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