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Randis, Justas. "Definition of investment in International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes: criterion of the contribution to the economic development of the host state". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140603_135341-71455.
Pełny tekst źródłaParadoksalu, tačiau net po beveik penkiasdešimties metų sėkmingo veikimo Pasaulio banko įsteigtame tarptautiniame užsienio investicijų apsaugos režime vis dar nesutariama dėl pačios termino „investicija“ sąvokos. 1965 m. Konvencijos dėl valstybių ir kitų valstybių piliečių ginčų investicijų srityje sprendimo (toliau – ICISD konvencija) 25(1) straipsnis įtvirtina investicijos terminą kaip jurisdikcinį kriterijų, tačiau jo neapibrėžia. Tai sąlygoja skirtingą termino „investicija“ interpretavimą tarp jį taikančių arbitražinių tribūnolų. Nagrinėjant investicijos terminą įdomu tai, jog tarp įvairių šiam terminui apibrėžti taikytų kriterijų yra vienas kriterijus išsiskiriantis savo kontraversiškumu. Tai prisidėjimo prie ekonominio valstybės vystymosi kriterijus. Atsižvelgus į šį kontroversiškumą, šio baigiamojo magistro darbo tikslu tapo noras sukurti aktualų žemėlapį, kuriame atsispindėtų būdai įtraukti arba pašalinti minėtą potencialų investicijos kriterijų iš investicijos termino sąvokos.
St, John Taylor. "The power of modest multilateralism : the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), 1964-1980". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:aeca5b93-4493-4b75-9654-182a2c76e62a.
Pełny tekst źródłaZulu, Nancy Mwansa. "International development law : declaratory, aspirational and positive". Thesis, University of Buckingham, 2015. http://bear.buckingham.ac.uk/95/.
Pełny tekst źródłaOleschak, Rekha. "The international law of development-induced displacement /". Table on contents, 2009. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00231710.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaAddo, M. K. "The implications for some aspects of contemporary international economic law of international human rights law". Thesis, University of Essex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378354.
Pełny tekst źródłaZapata, Lugo Jose Vicente. "Sustainable development : a role for international environmental law". Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26232.
Pełny tekst źródłaIt is further argued that sustainable development has not succeeded in enhancing environmental protection because of the erroneous efforts made to reduce it from a field of international environmental law to a norm of international environmental law. States, communities and individuals should be more concerned with developing new and firm principles in the field of sustainable development. These principles would eventually become the new norms of international and national law and thus, the cornerstone of an era of environmental protection that does not impinge upon the development that humankind is dependent upon.
Ellis, Jaye. "Soft law as topos : the role of principles of soft law in the development of international environmental law". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37857.
Pełny tekst źródłaMekonin, Abere. "Human Rights and Sustainable Development Law : Sustainabale Development Law :The Path to Sustainable Peace". Thesis, Linnaeus University, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6568.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis paper considers the fast changing developments and changes in relation to sustainable development law with its three pillars, and the needs of international development. The focus of the analysis is on the connection between international economic, international social and international environmental law which constitute sustainable development law at their intersection point, and will show how they can be the paths to sustainable peace. As sustainable development law is emerging as international concern, the qualitative approach of this paper will show its pillars separately and their connection under different conditions. This paper also demonstrates that this approach is gaining ground in the literature, and it contends that it is a more appropriate way of addressing the problems of economic, social and environmental. In support of this argument, the paper looks initially how sustainable development law fits to be the path to sustainable peace within the contemporary world which is full of economic, social and environmental conflicts. Secondly, it provides a theoretical framework how sustainable development law with its pillars can lead the world to sustainable peace. Thirdly, the three pillars, (-international economic law, international social law and international environmental law-), will be elaborated in relation to their intersection and sustainable development law.
Kazemi, Abadi Alireza. "Reaffirmation and development of customary international humanitarian law by international criminal tribunals". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/reaffirmation-and-development-of-customary-international-humanitarian-law-by-international-criminal-tribunals(df866a57-9959-4706-888e-737e75e68d2b).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaDawidowicz, Martin Henry. "Public law enforcement for international law : the development of third-party countermeasures". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611767.
Pełny tekst źródłaWu, Qiongbing The school of banking & finance UNSW. "International finance: issues related to law and financial development". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. The school of banking and finance, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23416.
Pełny tekst źródłaNishiumi, Maki. "Development and Democracy from a Viewpoint of International Law". Center for Asian Legal Exchange, Graduate School of Law , Nagoya University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20119.
Pełny tekst źródłaFrench, Duncan Adrian. "International law and the sustainable development of developing states". Thesis, Cardiff University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403037.
Pełny tekst źródłaBradlow, Daniel David. "Doctoral degree by virtue of publications : international development law". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23630.
Pełny tekst źródłaMessenger, Gregory. "The development of WTO law in light of transnational influences : the merits of a causal approach". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2b2214c2-6e83-44cd-bc07-bd0bf2999dc8.
Pełny tekst źródłaSwanson, Alan D. "International human rights law and development : a human rights way to development". Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341236.
Pełny tekst źródłaBahmany, Leyla. "Sustainable development of international arbitration: rethinking subject-matter arbitrability". Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117139.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa discussion relative à l'inarbitrabilité des différends portant sur l'ordre public occupe une position de longue date en droit de l'arbitrage. Afin de protéger les intérêts du public, les systèmes juridiques nationaux interdisaient généralement l'arbitrage de différends portant sur des questions d'ordre public. En 1985, cependant, la Cour suprême américaine dans l'affaire Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Soler Chrysler-Plymouth, Inc. retira les différends pourtant sur le droit de la concurrence de la catégorie des questions inarbitrables, et marqua une nouvelle phase dans l'histoire de inarbitrabilité. Le caractère général des arguments soulevés dans l'affaire Mitsubishi a influencé d'autres pays occidentaux et ils retirèrent les différends portant sur l'ordre public des matières inarbitrables afin de développer l'arbitrage international. Par conséquent, les arguments formulés et la décision prise dans l'affaire Mitsubishi peuvent être considérés comme les piliers de la nouvelle approche de inarbitrabilité. Ce mémoire analyse l'argumentaire de l'affaire Mitsubishi et le bilan des trois dernières décennies, à la lumière de la jurisprudence et des points de vue d'éminents chercheurs. Il dresse un tableau de la situation actuelle de l'arbitrabilité aux Etats-Unis, au Canada, en France et en Belgique. L'exposé explique que la suppression de l'inarbitrabilité a donné lieu à une protection inefficace de l'ordre public, ce qui a provoqué l'insatisfaction dans certains secteurs de la société et pourrait résulter dans la formation d'un point de vue radical, hostile à l'arbitrage. La situation soulève des préoccupations quant à savoir si l'évolution actuelle de l'arbitrage durera longtemps. Ce mémoire emprunte le terme "développement durable" au droit de l'environnement et de l'économie, et il l'applique au droit de l'arbitrage international. En redéfinissant le terme "développement durable" en fonction des besoins de l'arbitrage international, ce mémoire propose une solution pour développer l'arbitrage sans mettre en péril les intérêts d'ordre public. Cette solution équilibre les intérêts privés et publics pour parvenir à un développement durable dans l'arbitrage international.
Motloung, Tebogo Wilfred. "Human rights and international environmental law: Towards the development of an international environmental right?" University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6543.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe global state of the environment is deteriorating daily because of challenges posed by environmental degradation, including climate change. In recognition of the mounting global environmental crisis and its detrimental impact on the enjoyment of human rights, there is a growing call for the recognition of what is generally referred to as a human right to a clean environment, otherwise referred to in this study as an international environmental right. Proponents of an international environmental right hold a firm view that such a right will prevent or mitigate actions that are responsible for environmental degradation and thus contribute to environmental protection. This study seeks to determine the nature of the relationship between the environment and human rights and whether the proposal for the recognition of an international environmental right to address global environmental concerns that pose a threat to the enjoyment of human rights has merit. In determining the viability of recognising an international environmental right, a number of theories underpinning the recognition of new international human rights, the status of the right in existing international human rights agreements, political willingness and support of states, the notion of global constitutionalism, customary international law sources such as soft law instruments, international declarations etc., are considered.
Haflidadottir, Helga. "The progressive development of international enforcement : public international law and compliance with environmental obligations". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14459.
Pełny tekst źródłaEspada, Gildo Manuel. "International law on water transfers". Thesis, University of Macau, 2007. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1880344.
Pełny tekst źródłaFerrier, Jill. "The development of international space law : international cooperation in Outer Space - meeting the needs of the developing countries". Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23438.
Pełny tekst źródłaChapter 1 examines the main problems facing the developing countries in the transfer of space technology from the technologically advanced states. Chapter 2 examines the legal basis of their claims for greater cooperation. Chapter 3 examines the present debate within COPUOS where the developing countries are attempting to further develop international space law to their advantage. Chapter 4 suggests alternative routes which should be considered by the developing countries in order to work towards greater cooperation which will meet their needs.
Jere, Maude. "Trade and sustainable development: regulating PPMs in the WTO". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25314.
Pełny tekst źródłaRuwitah, Mduduzi Aviton. "Does international law proscribe coups d'état? Africa's role in the development of the proscription". Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32958.
Pełny tekst źródłaRieu-Clarke, Alistair Stephen. "A fresh approach to international law in the field of sustainable development : what lessons from the law of international water courses?" Thesis, University of Dundee, 2004. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/9d84d8f5-7439-4ed9-9b18-f86bc9f3e95c.
Pełny tekst źródłaTiar, T. "The role of UNEP in the development of international environmental law". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/23366967.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaTypescript. Typescript Cover title. At head of title: University of Southampton, Faculty of Law. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 399-412).
Ocheje, Paul D. "The domestic dimension of the right to development in international law". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0005/NQ43445.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSundhya, Pahuja. "Decolonising international law : development, economic growth and the politics of universality". Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.559845.
Pełny tekst źródłaIqbal, Khurshid. "The right to development in international law : the case of Pakistan". Thesis, University of Ulster, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443563.
Pełny tekst źródłaMarchand, Paul R. "The export development corporation : catalyst in Canada's promotion of international trade". Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64491.
Pełny tekst źródłaCheung, Lo, i 張露. "International financial centers under different political systems: a study of financial center development inChina". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36548340.
Pełny tekst źródłaCordonier, Segger Marie-Claire. "Sustainable development in international trade law : integrating economic and social development and environmental protection in emerging trade regimes". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669870.
Pełny tekst źródłaNagu, Yakubu Idisire. "From OAU To AFCTA - Analysing The Prospects For Economic Development In Africa". Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31066.
Pełny tekst źródłaPichyakorn, Bantita. "Sustainable development of international watercourses in international law : a case study of the Mekong River Basin". Thesis, Middlesex University, 2003. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13520/.
Pełny tekst źródłaA-Khavari, Afshin. "Environmental Principles and Change in International Law and Politics". Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366628.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Law
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
Nomura, Mitsuhiro S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Strategies for Japanese developers in potential international markets". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92597.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 75-80).
Global development has currently become an important business for developers. Although the business involves complex economic, political, and cultural issues, international real estate has been more attractive. Economic and political analysis tells the timing of getting into the market. Demographic analysis indicates if the market would expand and which target developers should focus on. Also, we can find out competitiveness and how to differentiate from other companies. Japan has not showed dramatic economic improvement for 20 years. The mature country has several issues: aging, low birth rate, and natural disasters. On the other hand, Summer Olympics 2020 will be held in Tokyo and the government has decided to dramatically improve the infrastructure. Japan will change and I would like to find out the opportunities and challenges of Japanese real estate. Hawaii market has been influenced by tourism. The market is really unique; the resort area attracts house buyers and renters from all over the world. Most visitors come from the US main land and Japan. Glancing the US and Japanese economy, developers can find out the real estate business opportunities. Vietnam has developed the infrastructure and real estate legal systems. With the new infrastructure development and the assistance of private developers, the country provides more housing. Moreover, the legal system had not allowed foreigners to own properties but has been changed to invite more capital from other countries. I have worked for a Japanese developer and experienced a short period of economic growth but we did not significantly invest and the good economy was over by the financial crisis. Most Japanese developers experienced the bubble economy and were tremendously influenced by that time, becoming more cautious in their outlook. The timing for expanding business now is perhaps not optimal. However, the benefits and challenges in these regions can be well-balanced for global developers who are eager to gain a foothold into international real estate markets.
by Mitsuhiro Nomura.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
Wessling, William T. "Institutional quality, economic development, and natural resource abundance| Towards and interactive model of development". Thesis, Webster University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1525314.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe study of institutions (i.e., "the rules of the game" in a society) has grown from a small fringe subject in the late 1980s to a massive pillar in the current study of International Political Economy. Two thing has become clear during the course of this growth and the involved research it entails: (1) institutional Quality (especially quality of governance and rule of law) has a determinant effect on the GDP development of a given countries economy and (2) institutional quality has a determinant effect on whether a country is either "cursed" or "blessed" with natural resource abundance (i.e., whether they are growth "winners" or "losers" in terms of GDP development. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the presence of abundant natural resources amplifies this determinant effect when controlled for nonresource abundant states, and if so to what extent. The study ultimately finds amplification of the effect of institutional quality on GDP per capita when controlling for natural resource abundance, ultimately suggesting that resource abundance can be either a "blessing" or a "curse" depending on preexisting institutional quality. Secondary findings indicate the existence of a "slippage" effect in institutional quality once natural resources are introduced to a given state's economy.
Algozin, Samuel. ""Thinking Through Others": The development of a culturally resonant international criminal jurisprudence". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86937.
Pełny tekst źródłaDans cette thèse, l'auteur affirme que par le processus de la contextualisation culturelle, les normes universelles du système pénal international sont interprétées et définies de façon telle qu'elles résonnent à travers des cultures. Les critiques du système pénal international affirment que le système ne répond pas adéquatement à la diversité culturelle des individus. Par un examen détaillé de la jurisprudence pénale internationale, l'auteur montre que la prise en considération du contexte culturel est devenue habituelle pour les tribunaux criminels internationaux. De plus, le Statut de Rome de la Cour Pénale Internationale contient des dispositions qui tiennent compte du contexte culturel dans l'évaluation des crimes internationaux. La prise en considération du contexte culturel sert à établir des normes de droit pénal universelles dans le respect des différentes cultures et permet de mieux comprendre les normes universelles du droit pénal international. Finalement, l'auteur fournit une évaluation critique de la contextualisation culturelle et conclut que c'est un processus qui doit être fait de manière à préserver l'impartialité des procédures criminelles internationales.
Unlu, Ayse Nihan. "The Montreux Convention and the development of the legal regime of the Turkish Straits". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247090.
Pełny tekst źródłaLibebe, Eugene Lizazi. "Climate change governance in the SADC region: towards development of an integrated and comprehensive framework policy or protocol on adaptation". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12907.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe scientific community has shown that climate change is occurring and is caused mainly by human activities. This state of affairs has various societal and environmental implications which has demanded attention and raised concerns about the future of human life on earth. Increasing concerns about climate change has led the international community, regional bodies and national governments to adopt legal instruments and other mechanisms to address the phenomenon. In these efforts and measures mitigation and adaptation have been the prominent response strategies. However, adaptation to climate change has experienced much less attention than mitigation. This research provides a conceptual analysis of adaptation, and discusses some socio-economic and cultural implications of climate change in the Southern African Development Community (SADC), in order to show why adaptation is a better response to climate change. The research outlines and assesses the relevant developments in international, African and mainly SADC’s responses to climate change through adaptation in their legal and institutional frameworks. This includes related developments in Namibia and South Africa as SADC Member States. The study advocates for regional consensus to design a holistic policy framework and effective governance on adaptation to climate change in the SADC, as one of the world’s most vulnerable regions. As such, the study further examines the aspect of good governance and institutional frameworks as essentials for climate change adaptation in the SADC context. It concludes that it is necessary for SADC member states to cooperate in formulating an integrated and comprehensive protocol on adaptation.
Hagedorn, Rosa. "Trade and sustainable development : using the World Trade Organization to more effectively protect the environment". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12668.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Brundtland Report also defines sustainable development as “a process of change in which the use of resources, the directions of investments, the orientation of technological developments, and institutional change all enhance the potential to meet human needs both today and tomorrow.” This vague and broad definition relies on the notion that the world’s environment is a system where actions in one country can affect life on other continents. Examples of this include the 2010 Icelandic volcano eruption that affected air quality and travel in Europe, and the recent radiation detected in the United States after the earthquake and subsequent radiation leaks in Japan. The definition also implies that practically every aspect of our lives can have some effect, or can be relevant to, achieving a sustainable development goal. Most forms of production and consumption, key aspects of international trade, affect and can harm the environment. Thus, the issue is less about stopping these actions and more about making them less harmful to the environment and humankind. There will always be tension between forms of economic activity and environmental protection. However, trade is only one of many economic activities, and the WTO cannot be solely responsible for all aspects of the promotion of sustainable development and environmental protection. At its most general definition, international trade is the “economic interaction among different nations involving the exchange of goods and services.” It can lead to both economic growth and development. At its core, international trade involves the basic concept of supply and demand. Human needs and desires drive what will be in demand. This demand drives the need for a supply of that resource. Thus, the real question is what aspects of the current trading system, including the WTO, can be enhanced or changed to promote sustainable development. This paper aims to examine the relationship between the WTO and sustainable development. It further seeks to evaluate the ways in which the relationship has been successful and the ways in which it has been hindered. Finally, this paper looks to the future and suggests ways to enhance and change this relationship and more effectively protect the environment through the WTO.
Harvey, Caitlin Megan. "Digital trade and development: A way forward for Africa at a continental and multilateral level". Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31438.
Pełny tekst źródłaHenn, C. "The origins and early development of the idea of protecting power". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233237.
Pełny tekst źródłaLusa, Bordin Fernando. "The analogy between states and international organizations : legal reasoning and the development of the law of international organizations". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708385.
Pełny tekst źródłaDarby, Jonathan Michael. "The role of adjudication in the resolution of international environmental disputes and the development of international environment law". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607996.
Pełny tekst źródłaCheung, Lo. "International financial centers under different political systems a study of financial center development in China /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36548340.
Pełny tekst źródłaSUGINO, Tomohide. "Human Development and Collaboration with Universities in Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS)". 名古屋大学農学国際教育協力研究センター, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8938.
Pełny tekst źródłaSarenmalm, Isabel. "Sustainable Development in International Law and the protection of the Global Commons". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-325200.
Pełny tekst źródłaMiggiani, Mark Anthony. "War remnants : a case study in the progressive development of international law /". Genève : Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36643222n.
Pełny tekst źródłaHannikainen, Lauri. "Peremptory norms (jus congens) in international law : historical development, criteria, present status /". Helsinki : Lakimiesliiton Kustannus, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb373828424.
Pełny tekst źródłaFarchakh, Loubna. "The concept of intergenerational equity in international law /". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80918.
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