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Chamma, Layal. "Effets des longueurs internes microstructurales sur le comportement mécanique des aciers ferritiques : caractérisations expérimentales et modélisation micromécanique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0350.
Pełny tekst źródłaMicrostructural internal lengths play an important role on the local and macroscopic mechanical behavior of steels. These internal lengths correspond, in particular, to the grain size and to the thickness λ of the layer of "geometrically necessary dislocations" (GNDs) accumulated at grain boundaries (GBs) due to crystal lattice incompatibilities, produced during plastic deformation. In this study, a single-phase polycrystalline ferritic steel with low carbon content (Al-k) produced by ArcelorMittal was investigated through the analysis of undeformed and pre-deformed samples at different tensile deformations. The GND density was estimated from two-dimensional EBSD (2D) maps by considering the available five components of the Nye tensor computed from lattice curvatures. Instrumented nanoindentation tests were then performed with a Berkovich tip and a load of 1 mN. The total dislocation densities were estimated using a mechanistic model from the nanohardness measurements. A combined study using both 2D-EBSD and instrumented nanoindentation was then proposed to quantify the existence and the evolution of the internal length λ of the GB affected zone. First, a local study was performed on two pairs of grains from a specimen pre-deformed at 18% of plastic deformation. This study showed a clear spatial correlation between the total dislocation densities deduced from nanohardness measurements and the GND densities obtained from 2D-EBSD. Strong spatial gradients of GND and total dislocation density were observed on one of the studied grain pairs. A layer of thickness λL around 2µm was found by both techniques. However, it was not possible to do an in-situ study of the local evolution of λL with plastic deformation for a same grain using the both techniques. Moreover, the local study was limited owing to a lack of statistical representation. Therefore, in order to improve the description of the internal length evolution during the plastic deformation, a statistical analysis based on all 2D-EBSD and nanoindentation data was proposed. The goal was to determine a statistical internal length λS at each plastic strain by both experimental methods. The results obtained by these methods confirmed the statistical existence of a gradient of dislocation densities at GBs. As well, it allowed us to determine an evolving internal length λS during plastic deformation. Furthermore, the experimental results showed that the ferritic grains in Al-k steel could be divided into two mechanically different regions. The first region is located near the GBs, where a dislocation density gradient was clearly observed to spread over the characteristic distance λS. The second region is the interior of the grain where no marked variation in average dislocation density was found. The experimental measurements were used to improve a new Internal Length Mean Field (ILMF) approach capable to capture grain size effects. This new approach directly integrates the evolution law of the internal length λS. In addition to the prediction of the macroscopic behavior, a good estimate of the evolution of dislocation densities compared to the experimental measurements and a realistic evolution of the local fields in each phase were obtained
Jarmolowicz, David P. "The fixed-interval scallop effects of reinforcer magnitude and interval length /". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10316.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 50 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-41).
deCamp, Philip Draper. "The efficiency of nonparametric inference methods based on confidence interval lengths". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25510.
Pełny tekst źródłaBort, Anja [Verfasser]. "The Role of External and Internal Stress on Telomere Length Regulation / Anja Bort". Konstanz : KOPS Universität Konstanz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1200354907/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaLiu, Luchen. "Interval Estimation for Binomial Proportion, Poisson Mean, and Negative –binomial Mean". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-175767.
Pełny tekst źródłaGosselin, Frederic. "Why do we SLIP to the basic level? : a formal model". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312669.
Pełny tekst źródłaHauck, João Vitor de Sá. "Iterative edge length interval constraining in triangular meshes based on local parametrization". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4827.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Malhas com restrições no comprimento das arestas são úteis para diversas aplicações, especialmente para simulações de processos químicos e físicos. Este trabalho apresenta um método iterativo para remalhar uma malha triangular arbitraria de variedade 2 em uma malha com o comprimento de todas as arestas dentro de um intervalo de restrição definido pelo usuário. O método usa operações estelares para ajustar a quantidade de vértices e triângulos no modelo e para melhorar a valência dos vértices. Ele também aplica o operador Laplaciano em um espaço paramétrico local para melhorar a distribuição de vértices sobre a superfície. Propõe-se, uma otimização não linear, aplicada localmente, para os casos em que a malha é praticamente regular. Perdas geométricas são evitadas pela realização de uma projeção sobre a superfície original. O método proposto resulta em uma malha praticamente regular, com os vértices distribuídos uniformemente sobre a superfície. A dual da malha é usada em simulações de nano estruturas de carbono como uma aplicação do método. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é uma nova abordagem para restringir explicitamente o comprimento das arestas em um intervalo dado. Nosso método ainda garante baixa perda global de geometria e baixo custo de memória em comparação com métodos disponíveis na literatura.
Meshes with constraints in the edge length are useful for several applications, spe-cially for chemical and physical simulations. This work presents an iterative method for remeshing an arbitrary triangular 2-manifold mesh into a mesh with all edge lengths within an user-defined constraining interval. The method uses stellar operations to adjust the amount of vertices and triangles in the model and for improving the valence of the vertices. It also applies the Laplacian operator in a local parametric space to improve the distribution of the vertices over the surface. We propose a nonlinear optimization, locally applied, for cases in which the mesh is almost regular. Geometric losses are prevented by performing a projection over the original surface. Our method results in a nearly regu-lar mesh, with vertices uniformly distributed over the surface. The dual of the mesh is used in simulations of carbon nanostructures as an application of the method. The main contribution of this work is a new approach for constraining the edge length within an explicitly given interval. Our method also ensures lower global geometry losses and lower memory cost in comparison to methods available in the literature.
Lee, Sang Hyun. "Modelling growth and yield of Douglas-fir using different interval lengths in the South Island of New Zealand". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Forestry, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7204.
Pełny tekst źródłaGoda, Ibrahim. "Micromechanical models of network materials presenting internal length scales : applications to trabecular bone under stable and evolutive conditions". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0055/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaA methodology based on micromechanics has been developed to determine the effective behavior of network materials endowed with a discrete architecture at the microscopic level. It relies on the discrete homogenization method, which has been applied to textile monolayers and trabecular bones. The initially discrete topology of the considered network materials results after homogenization at the mesoscopic level in anisotropic micropolar effective continuum, which proves able to capture the observed internal scale effects. Such micromechanical methods are useful to remedy the difficulty to measure the effective mechanical properties at the intermediate mesoscopic level scale. The bending and torsion responses of vertebral trabecular bone beam specimens are formulated in both static and dynamic situations, based on the Cosserat theory. 3D models have been developed for describing the multiaxial yield and brittle fracture behavior of trabecular bone, including the analysis of size-dependent non-classical plastic yield. We have constructed by FE analyses a homogeneous, orthotropic couple-stress continuum model as a substitute of the 3D periodic heterogeneous cellular solid model of vertebral trabecular bone, based on the equivalent strain energy approach. Bone tissues are able to adapt their local density and load bearing capacities as well as their size and shape to mechanical stimuli. We have developed models for combined internal and external bone remodeling in the framework of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes, at both the cellular and macroscopic levels. We lastly combined anisotropic internal remodeling with fatigue continuum damage
Chavarria, Pablo C. "Reduction of Confidence Interval Length for Small-Normal Data Sets Utilizing Bootstrap and Conformal Prediction Methods". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10840988.
Pełny tekst źródłaIt is of common practice to evoke a t-confidence interval for estimating the mean of a small data set with an assumed Normal distribution. These t-intervals are known to be wide to account for the lack of information. This thesis will focus on exploring ways to reduce the length of the interval, while preserving the level of confidence. Simulated small normal data sets will be used to analyze a combination of Bootstrapping and Conformal Prediction methods, while investigating measures of spread, such as standard deviation, kurtosis, excess CS kurtosis, skewness, etc. to create a criterion for when this combination of methodologies will greatly reduce the interval length. The goal is to be able to use the insight simulated data have to offer in order to apply to real world data. If time permits, a further look into the theory behind the results will be explored.
Liu, Huabing, Marcel Nogueira D’Eurydice, Sergei Obruchkov i Petrik Galvosas. "Pore length scales and pore surface relaxivity of sandstone determined by internal magnetic fields modulation at 2 MHz NMR". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-178759.
Pełny tekst źródłaLiu, Huabing, Marcel Nogueira D’Eurydice, Sergei Obruchkov i Petrik Galvosas. "Pore length scales and pore surface relaxivity of sandstone determined by internal magnetic fields modulation at 2 MHz NMR". Diffusion fundamentals 22 (2014) 7, S. 1-5, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13487.
Pełny tekst źródłaPanchal, Hemang B., Kalpit Devani, Shimin Zheng, Sellasi Denutsui, Sukhdeep Bhogal, Abdul Ahad Khan, Syed Imran Zaidi, Thomas Helton, Nirat Beohar i Timir K. Paul. "Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Length of Hospital Stay and Cost among Patients Admitted with Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2012-2014". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6303.
Pełny tekst źródłaWu, Lai Man Natalie. "Role of Periaxin dimerization in peripheral myelination". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9610.
Pełny tekst źródłaButcher, Daniel S. A. "Influence of asymmetric valve timing strategy on in-cylinder flow of the internal combustion engine". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23327.
Pełny tekst źródłaTantasuparuk, Wichai. "Sow reproductive performance in Thailand : effects of climate, breed, parity, lactation length, weight loss during lactation and weaning-to-service interval /". Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5938-9.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaElhfnawy, Ahmed [Verfasser], i Jens [Gutachter] Volkmann. "Relation between the length of the internal carotid stenotic segment and ischemic cerebrovascular events as well as white matter lesion load / Ahmed Elhfnawy ; Gutachter: Jens Volkmann". Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200856074/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaTEDONE, ENZO. "LEUKOCYTE TELOMERE LENGTH, TELOMERASE ACTIVITY AND PREVALENCE OF AGE-RELATED DISEASES IN SEMISUPERCENTENARIANS, CENTENARIANS AND CENTENARIANS' OFFSPRING". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/263860.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarcelos, Daniel de Souza. "Gerenciamento do fluxo de pacientes : criação de uma unidade de curta permanência em um Serviço de Medicina Interna". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72937.
Pełny tekst źródłaSeveral health services in Brazil has shown episodes of overcrowding, in a context where resources are limited. Reducing the length of stay in hospital has as a direct consequence the provision of more beds-day. Managing and improving the flow of patients throughout the hospital is important, and the efficient use of beds can happen due to a number of factors. Studies have shown that multidisciplinary teams can perform quality care, reducing costs and the time patients remain hospitalized, with no impact on mortality or rehospitalization. There are also studies that show the effectiveness of units dedicated to the treatment of specific diseases. The admission of patients into well-defined criteria increases the turnover of beds. With the objective of analyzing the multidisciplinary team Internal Medicine – Emergency, could help to reduce the length of hospital stay of patients with diseases prevalent, without changing the indicators of rehospitalization and mortality, the present study experimental, controlled, not -randomized study compared the pre-and post-intervention, ie the creation of a Short Stay Unit in the Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). We analyzed hospital admissions through the Emergency HCPA, for patients aged 14 years or older with prevalent disease groups classified according to the ICD-10 (J09-J018, J40-J47, N30-N39, I30-I52, I60-I69; B20-B24, C15-C26, A30-A49, and E10-E14), during the period from December 1, 2008 to November 30, 2010 (n = 11,040). The study results show that after the creation of the multidisciplinary team, and its Short Stay Unit, there was a reduction in the length of stay of inpatients by selected causes (before: 10.89 ± 13.17 days after: 9 47 ± 11.24 days, p = 0.006) and a greater reduction in hospitalizations Service of Internal Medicine [before (n = 680): 14.33 ± 14.57 days after (n = 1243): 9, 77 ± 10.62 days, p = 0.000]. No change in the mortality rate of all patients admitted to selected causes [before (n = 3800): 11.3% after (n = 3958): 11.8% p = 0.123]. There was also no change in the rate of readmission than 7 days in our sample [before (n = 3369): 7.2% after (n = 3491): 6.7%, p = 0.407].
Bui, Huu Phuoc. "Approche multi-échelle de la rupture des structures en béton : Influence des agrégats sur la longueur interne du matériau". Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENI070/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaFor durability analysis and economic design (less material) of structures made of concrete-like materials, modeling of cracking process and failure is essential. In the framework of continuum mechanics, an internal length is introduced in nonlocal models to remedy the problem related to mesh sensitivity which is a pathology of classical damage models, when dealing with softening materials. However, the assessment of the internal length from heterogeneities of the material is still a difficult question, which makes an obscure issue in using nonlocal models. Our work concerns developing of a numerical tool based on the Lattice Element Method (LEM) which is a discrete model for simulating and predicting fracture in concrete(-like) material. Using the lattice model at the mesoscopic scale, there is no need to introduce any internal length in the constitutive law, as done in nonlocal models, and we can enfranchise this parameter by explicitly introducing the material mesotructure via geometric description. Based on the developed numerical tool, we studied, by performing numerical uniaxial tensile tests, the geometric influence of the material mesotructure as well as the influence of the boundary conditions and specimen sizes (that result in different stress gradient and material rotation field) on the size of the FPZ (Fracture Process Zone) and on the characteristic length of the homogenized quasi-brittle material. These studies provide recommendations/warnings when extracting an internal length required for nonlocal damage models from the material microstructure. Moreover, the studies contribute a direct insight into the mesoscale origin of the FPZ size and the material characteristic length, and consequently into the origin and nature of the nonlinear behavior of the material. Then, we implemented the lattice model into SOFA library developed by INRIA for realizing the coupling with the Finite Element Method (FEM) in order to deal with large-scale structures. We proposed a strong coupling algorithm between a macroscopic approach represented by FEM and a mesoscopic approach dealt by LEM within an adaptive manner. The coupling model is first used to validate the multiscale approach proposed on heuristic simulations. And in the long term, it provides a promising tool for simulations of large-scale structures made of quasi-brittle materials of real life
Nordhage, Örjan. "On a Hydrogen Pellet Target for Antiproton Physics with PANDA". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Nuclear and Particle Physics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7137.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe PANDA experiment is a part of the future FAIR accelerator facility and will study the strong interaction by detecting the reaction products from antiproton-proton annihilations in a near full solid-angle configuration. One option for the internal proton target in PANDA is frozen micro-spheres of hydrogen, so-called pellets.
Such a pellet target is interesting because of the unique characteristics it offers; the high target thickness, the small interaction volume, the minimal gas load on the vacuum system, and the possibility of tracking individual pellets. Nevertheless, it is possible to allocate the bulky equipment needed to produce the pellets at a few meters away from the beam. This way particle detectors can be located close and almost fully around the interaction point.
This thesis is devoted to the optimization of a pellet target. To perform measurements, a Pellet-Test Station was built at The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala. For the first time, experimental results show the pellet distribution in space and time, and in addition, the vacuum along the pellet pipes. Furthermore, dedicated measurements carried out at CELSIUS/WASA demonstrate the existence of pellet heating as a result of beam-target interactions.
In performing calculations, the potential problems with pellet heating at PANDA are outlined. Moreover, to look at the consequences for the desired physics, a reaction involving short-lived D-mesons has been used to show the advantages of pellets compared to a more spacious target.
In conclusion, these studies lead to a deeper understanding of the pellet properties, which makes it possible to suggest future improvements, such as cooling with no vibrations.
Shavitranuruk, K. "Long Cavity Quantum Dot Laser Diode and Monolithic Passively Mode-Locked Operation". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3392.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh.D.
Optics and Photonics
Optics and Photonics
Optics PhD
Lu, Yinghua. "Empirical Likelihood Inference for the Accelerated Failure Time Model via Kendall Estimating Equation". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/math_theses/76.
Pełny tekst źródłaRazola, Mayor Barbara. "Las interacciones entre estudiantes en el aula de lenguas y en los entornos pedagogicos multimedia : convergencia, divergencia y potencialidad". Grenoble 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE39023.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work is based on the framework of the analysis of the pedagogical potentialities of the synchronous written interaction for the learning of the foreign language. The central aim is to discover to what extend the chat can be considered as a valid communication way for the realisation of communicative tasks. In that way, this Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) device can be adequately integrated in the pedagogical virtual environments. The theoretical background lies on the socio-interactionnist approach of the acquisition and on the interactionist linguistics, known as every linguistic discipline dedicated to study the speech. The analyses and their results rely on data got from the realisation of two communicative tasks -one debate et one role play- in a institutional context by a group of university learners coming from two Spanish courses. The data analyse is based on three dimensions: the interactional discourse co-construction, the learning process caused by the learners' assistance in the interaction and the task collective management. The results constitute a guide for the incorporation and the utilisation of the chat in the foreign language education
Lin, Hui-Ling. "Jackknife Empirical Likelihood for the Variance in the Linear Regression Model". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/math_theses/129.
Pełny tekst źródłaMukka, Sebastian. "Aspects on treatment of femoral neck fractures : studies on treatment methods, surgical approach and external validity". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Ortopedi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-108269.
Pełny tekst źródłaLårbenshalsfrakturer (FNF) är en utmaning för dagens sjukvård och förknippad med hög mortalitet i den äldre befolkningen. FNF orsakas främst av lågenergitrauma efter fall i samma plan hos patienter med benskörhet. Total höftledsprotes (THA) har visat sig ge en bättre höftfunktion, livskvalitet med färre omoperationer hos äldre patienter än sluten reposition samt fixering med skruvar (IF) under de första två-fyra åren efter operation. Få studier har publicerats med långtidsuppföljning av THA jämfört med IF. Vid behandling av felställd FNF med halv höftledsplastik (HA) eller THA finns olika kirurgiska metoder (snittföring) för implantation av protesen. Majoriteten av ortopedkliniker i Sverige använder direkt lateral (DL) eller posteriolateral (PL) snittföring. PL har kopplats till en ökad risk för luxation av protesen (urledsvridning), vilket i sin tur genererat en högre risk för omoperation jämfört med DL. Få studier har utvärderat höftfunktion med avseende på snittföring. Detsamma gäller vilka radiologiska faktorer som påverkar risken förprotesluxation. Det finns olika typer av studiedesigner för utvärdering av medicinska och kirurgiska behandlingsmetoder. Studiedesignen med högst bevisvärde anses vara den randomiserade kontrollerade studien (RCT). För att en RCT skall hålla hög kvalitet krävs intern och extern validitet. Intern validitet syftar på ett korrekt studieupplägg som mäter det som avses och undviker påverkan av icke önskvärda faktorer. Extern validitet (EV) innebär att erhållna resultat från studien är generaliserbara och kan extrapoleras till andra grupper än den studerade. Det inga rapporter i ortopediska litteraturen med fokus på EV med patienter som drabbats av FNF. Studie I: Prospektiv randomiserad studie av 100 patienter med en felställd FNF jämförs THA med IF med avseende på höftfunktion och reoperationer. Uppföljning gjordes efter tre månader samt 1, 2, 4, 11 och 17 år. HHS som mått på höftfunktion var högre och andelen reoperationer lägre för patienter som behandlades med THA. Studie II: Prospektiv kohortstudie med 183 patienter med felställd FNF behandlade med HA och antingen DL eller PL. Vi fann ingen skillnad i patientrapporterad höftfunktion utvärderat med HHS och WOMAC efter 1 år men en ökad förekomst av hälta vid DL. Studie III: Retrospektiv kohortstudie av 373 patienter opererade med en cementerad bipolär HA och PL. Postoperativa röntgenbilder granskades avseende femoral offset (FO), postoperativ benlägdsskillnad (LLD) samt acetabulär Wibergvinkel och relaterades till återkommande protesluxationer. Detta relaterades till återkommande luxationer. Uppföljningstiden varierade mellan 6 månader och 7 år. Patienter med återkommande luxationer hade en minskad postoperativ global FO, förkortad LLD och grundare acetabulum på den opererade sidan jämfört med kontroller. Studie IV: Prospektiv kohortstudie av 840 patienter med felställd FNF där patienter som ingick i en RCT jämförs med de som inte gav sitt samtycke för deltagande eller ej inkluderats i screeningprocessen. De patienterna som inte gav sitt samtycke hade ökad dödlighet, men ingen skillnad i höftfunktion jämfört med deltagare. Slutsatser • Friska och kognitivt vitala äldre patienter med god höftfunktion innan en felställd lårbenshalsfraktur bör behandlas med total höftledsprotes. • DLsnittföring ger ett lika bra patientrapporterad höftfunktion men en ökad förekomst av hälta jämfört med PL snitt vid behandling med halvprotes på grund av en felställd lårbenshalsfraktur. • Ansträngning bör göras för att återställa benlängdsskillnad samtfemoral offset och därigenom minska risken för återkommande luxation. • Våra resultat tyder på att patienter som deltar i en randomiserad studie har lägre dödlighet än patienter som avböjt att delta samt de som missats i screeningprocessen. Det är viktigt att ta hänsyn till när extrapolerar studieresultat till ett hälso-och sjukvårdssystem. Detta bör vägas in i värderingen av studieresultatens externa validitet.
Médeau, Victor. "Rupture des composites tissés 3D : de la caractérisation expérimentale à la simulation robuste des effets d’échelle". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ESAE0025/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work aims to describe and quantify the failure mechanisms of 3D woven composites underquasi-static tensile loading and to implement an adapted and robust numerical simulationmethod, that can be applied in industry. To this end, an experimental study was carried out toquantify the propagation of cracks in these materials. Thus, a crack propagation scenario wasestablished, thanks to the multi-instrumentation used during the tests. The experimental campaignwas carried out on specimens of various geometries and sizes and highlighted significantvariations in the fracture toughness with the test conditions. A modelisation framework introducinginternal lengths was then presented and adapted to 3D woven composites. This frameworkis supported by the identification of the failure mechanisms subsequent to the analysis of thecrack profile. The introduced lengths were thus related to the weaving parameters. A method foridentifying the parameters was proposed and the consequences of this behaviour on the designof the composite parts discussed. Finally, these results were transferred to robust numerical simulations.Regularisation methods of continuous damage models were presented and evaluatedin terms of their ability to ensure, on the one hand, the robustness of the results and, on theother hand, the correct transcription of experimental size effects. Taking into account these numericaland physical considerations led us to propose a Non-Local damage model. A method foridentifying the parameters and the internal length on experimental data was proposed
Peraza, Ávila Jesús Enrique. "Experimental study of the diesel spray behavior during the jet-wall interaction at high pressure and high temperature conditions". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/149389.
Pełny tekst źródła[ES] El potencial de los motores diesel en términos de robustez, eficiencia y la densidad de energía los ha hecho ser ampliamente usados como generadores de energía y sistemas propulsivos. Específicamente, la atomización de combustible, vaporización y mezcla de aire y combustible tienen un efecto fundamental en el proceso de combustión y, en consecuencia, un impacto directo en la formación de emisiones contaminantes, consumo de combustible y generación de ruido. Dado que la cámara de combustión tiene un espacio limitado con respecto la capacidad de penetración del chorro, el impacto de la pared se considera bastante común en motores de inyección directa diésel, que tienen una influencia relevante en la evolución del chorro y su interacción con el aire circundante y las paredes sólidas. Esto hace de interacción chorro-pared, un factor importante para el proceso de combustión que aún es dificilmente comprendido. En condiciones de arranque en frío, las bajas presiones y temperaturas en la cámara promueven la deposición de combustible en la pared del pistón, lo que conduce a un aumento en los niveles de formación de hidrocarburos no quemados. Además, las tendencias modernas de diseño como el incremento de las presiones de rail en los sistemas de inyección y la progresiva reducción en la cilindrada de los motores, favorecen la aparición de colisiones entre chorro y pared. A pesar de la evidente importancia en la comprensión de este fenómeno y los esfuerzos de los investigadores para alcanzarla, la transitoria naturaleza del proceso de inyección, sus pequeñas escalas de temporales y la complejidad de los fenómenos físicos que tienen lugar en las proximidades de la pared, hacen que la observación directa de esta interacción chorro-pared sea un desafío. Aunque las herramientas computacionales han demostrado ser invaluables en este campo de estudio, la necesidad de datos experimentales confiables para el desarrollo de esos modelos predictivos está muy presente. Esta tesis tiene como objetivo arrojar luz sobre las características fundamentales de la interacción chorro-pared (SWI por sus siglas en inglés) en condiciones de cámara similares a las de un motor diesel. Se colocó una pared plana a diferentes distancias de impacto y ángulos con respecto al jet. De esta manera, dos tipos diferentes de investigaciones experimentales sobre chorros en colisión se llevaron a cabo: se empleó una pared de cuarzo transparente en la cámara para, de forma aislada, analizar las características macroscópicas del chorro en condiciones evaporativas inertes y reactivas, que pueden observarse lateralmente y a través de la pared, gracias al uso de una instalación de alta presión y alta temperatura ópticamente accesible. Esta misma instalación se utilizó en el segundo tipo de experimentos en los que se introdujo una pared de acero inoxidable para capturar adicionalmente el efecto de las condiciones de operación en el flujo de calor entre ésta y el chorro durante los eventos de inyección y combustión y para determinar cómo la evolución del chorro y la llama son afectadas por una situación realista de transferencia de calor. Esta pared fue instrumentada para controlar la temperatura inicial de su superficie expuesta a la cámara y medir su variación con el tiempo, utilizando termopares de alta velocidad. Ensayos en condiciones de chorro libre también se realizaron para proporcionar una base comparativa sólida para esos experimentos.
[CA] El potencial dels motors dièsel en termes de robustesa, eficiència i la densitat d'energia els ha fet ser àmpliament usats com a generadors d'energia i sistemes propulsius. Específicament, l'atomització de combustible, vaporització i barreja d'aire i combustible tenen un efecte fonamental en el procés de combustió i, en conseqüència, un impacte directe en la formació d'emissions contaminants, consum de combustible i generació de soroll. Atès que la cambra de combustió té un espai limitat pel que fa la capacitat de penetració de l'raig, l'impacte de la paret es considera bastant comú en motors d'injecció directa dièsel, que tenen una influència rellevant en l'evolució del doll i la seva interacció amb el aire circumdant i les parets sòlides. Això fa d'interacció doll-paret, un factor important per al procés de combustió que encara és difícilment comprès. En condicions d'arrencada en fred, les baixes pressions i temperatures a la cambra promouen la deposició de combustible a la paret del pistó, el que condueix a un augment en els nivells de formació d'hidrocarburs no cremats. A més, les tendències modernes de disseny com l'increment de les pressions de rail en els sistemes d'injecció i la progressiva reducció en la cilindrada dels motors, afavoreixen l'aparició de col·lisions entre el doll i la paret. Tot i l'evident importància en la comprensió d'aquest fenomen i els esforços dels investigadors per aconseguir-la, la transitòria naturalesa de l'procés d'injecció, les seves petites escales de temporals i la complexitat dels fenòmens físics que tenen lloc en les proximitats de la paret , fan que l'observació directa d'aquesta interacció doll-paret siga un desafiament. Tot i que les eines computacionals han demostrat ser invaluables en aquest camp d'estudi, la necessitat de dades experimentals fiables per al desenvolupament d'aquests models predictius està molt present. Aquesta tesi té com a objectiu donar llum sobre les característiques fonamentals de la interacció doll-paret (SWI per les seues sigles en anglès) en condicions de cambra similars a les d'un motor dièsel. Es va col·locar una paret plana a diferents distàncies d'impacte i angles pel que fa al jet. D'aquesta manera, dos tipus diferents d'investigacions experimentals sobre dolls en col·lisió es van dur a terme: es va emprar una paret de quars transparent a la cambra per, de forma aïllada, analitzar les característiques macroscòpiques del doll en condicions evaporació inerts i reactives, que poden observar lateralment i a través de la paret, gràcies a l'ús d'una instal·lació d'alta pressió i alta temperatura òpticament accessible. Aquesta mateixa instal·lació es va utilitzar en el segon tipus d'experiments en els quals es va introduir una paret d'acer inoxidable per capturar addicionalment l'efecte de les condicions d'operació en el flux de calor entre aquesta i el dull durant els esdeveniments d'injecció i combustió i per determinar com l'evolució del doll i la flama són afectades per una situació realista de transferència de calor. Aquesta paret va ser instrumentada per controlar la temperatura inicial de la seua superfície exposada a la càmera i mesurar la seua variació amb el temps, utilitzant termoparells d'alta velocitat. Assajos en condicions de doll lliure també es van realitzar per proporcionar una base comparativa sòlida per a aquests experiments.
Peraza Ávila, JE. (2020). Experimental study of the diesel spray behavior during the jet-wall interaction at high pressure and high temperature conditions [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/149389
TESIS
Manrrique, Ostos Nely Beatrís. "Evaluación del uso de internet como recurso educativo en el rendimiento académico del Área de Comunicación en los estudiantes del sexto grado de primaria de la institución educativa Nº 3071-Manuel García Cerrón, Puente Piedra, Lima 2011". Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/3758.
Pełny tekst źródłaTesis
Iturriaga, Gamboa Cristina. "La expresión de significados evaluativos en foros de opinión en inglés en Internet". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108626.
Pełny tekst źródłaParmeggiani, Rafaela Prosdocini [UNESP]. "Atividade cambial em ramos de Kielmeyera grandiflora (WAWRA) saddi (Callophylaceae) ocorrentes no cerrado paulista". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134277.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
No cerrado, as estações são bem demarcadas pela sazonalidade pluvial, portanto, espera-se que haja uma sazonalidade na atividade do câmbio vascular. Kielmeyera grandiflora é considerada uma espécie modelo para estudos de atividade cambial em ramos, pois possui módulos de crescimento bem demarcados, formados por cicatrizes da gema terminal. Nosso objetivo foi de entender qual a relação entre a atividade cambial de Kielmeyera grandiflora (Wawra) Saddi (Calophyllaceae), os fatores ambientais e a fenologia e responder se a atividade cambial varia entre três módulos de crescimentos consecutivos. A área de estudo é um fragmento de cerrado em regeneração no município de Botucatu, estado de São Paulo, Brasil (S 22º53’11.0’’, W 48º29’17.3’’). Foram amostrados mensalmente os três últimos módulos de crescimento dos ramos de três indivíduos durante o período de fevereiro de 2012 a fevereiro de 2013. No mesmo período, a fenologia (brotação, folhas novas, folhas adultas, folhas senescentes e queda foliar) foram avaliadas. O material foi fixado em CRAF III para conservação do conteúdo celular. As amostras foram desidratadas em série alcoólica e incluídas em resina metacrilato para posterior corte em micrótomo rotativo. As análises foram feitas em fotomicroscópio de luz. Utilizamos Modelo Generalizado Linear Misto (GLMM) com erro Binomial para a variável resposta presença/ausência da atividade cambial e erro de Poisson para a variável resposta de contagem de paredes recém formadas. O início da atividade cambial, a brotação e o desenvolvimento de folhas novas ocorreram durante o mês de agosto no período seco. O período de atividade cambial sobrepôs-se à estação chuvosa, temperaturas elevadas e comprimento do dia entre 12 e 13,6 h. O câmbio vascular entrou em dormência em maio, mês que ainda chovia, contudo a temperatura e o comprimento do dia passavam por quedas acentuadas. A variação da atividade cambial entre os módulos de crescimento foi representativa somente no período de reativação cambial, mostrando que o módulo 1, mais próximo às fontes de auxina, apesar de ter iniciado atividade junto ao módulo 3, produziu em todo o período analisado, maior quantidade de células novas, possivelmente devido à ação de hormônios produzidos nos tecidos jovens e em desenvolvimento.
In the cerrado, the seasons are well marked by rain seasonality; therefore, there is a seasonality in the vascular cambium activity. Kielmeyera grandiflora is considered a model for branch cambial activity studies because it has well marked growth modules formed by terminal bud scars. Our goal was to understand what the relationship between cambial activity of Kielmeyera grandiflora (Wawra) Saddi (Calophyllaceae), environmental factors and the phenology and answear wheter cambial activity varies between three consecutive sections of internodal growth. The study area is a cerrado fragment in regeneration in the city of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil (22° 53 ' S 11.0 '', W 48° 29 ' 17.3 ''). Were sampled on a monthly basis the last three modules of growth of branches of three individuals during the period between February 2012 to February 2013. The material was fixed in CRAF III for preservation of cell content. The samples were dehydrated in alcohol series and included in historesin for further cut in rotary microtome. Analyses were made on light microscope. We used Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) with Binomial error for the variable reply presence/absence of cambial activity and Poisson error for the variable count response of newly formed walls. The beginning of cambial activity, the sprouting and the development of new leaves occurred during the month of August in the dry period. The period of cambial activity overlapped the rainy season, high temperatures and day length between 12 and 13, 6 h. The vascular cambium dormancy was observed in May, a raining month; however, temperature and day length was decreasing. The variation of cambial activity between the internodal growth sections was representative just in reactivation period, showing that the younger internodal section, closest to the sources of auxin, has produced in the whole study period a larger number of new cells that the older, possibly due to the action of hormones produced in young and development tissues.
Zanatta, Anne Marie. "Using wikis for collaborative writing in the english for tourism classroom". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/482229.
Pełny tekst źródłaEl recent augment en els estudis i la literatura sobre l’ús de wikis i altres eines de la Web 2.0 en l’aprenentatge d’idiomes emfatitza els beneficis pedagògics de la utilització d’aquestes eines per a les tasques d’escriptura de col·laboració a l’aula de llengua estrangera. No obstant això, l’existent recerca és encara escassa, doncs són pocs els projectes d’escriptura col·laborativa amb més de dos escriptors que s’han desenvolupat fins ara. Això pot ser degut al fet que l’escriptura és un acte complex i desafiant, el qual es torna encara més difícil quan es tracta d’un treball col·laboratiu i involucra a més de dues persones. A més d’això, la implementació d’un wiki o d’una altra eina de col·laboració digital pot servir per complicar en lloc de facilitar encara més. Aquesta tesi presenta un estudi de cas de mètodes mixtos sobre l'ús d'un wiki per a un projecte d'escriptura col·laborativa dut a terme a l'aula d'Anglès per al Turisme a nivell d'educació superior. Els subjectes d'estudi, 63 estudiants de primer any matriculats en un programa de grau de 4 anys d'Estudis Turístics en una institució privada a Barcelona, van ser els participants d'un curs de llengua anglesa per al Turisme dividits en 3 grups diferents basats en el domini de l'idioma i ensenyats per 3 professors diferents. Un total de 18 petits grups de treball d'entre 3 o 4 alumnes van participar en el projecte conegut com Touripedia, el qual va ser dut a terme durant un període de 6 mesos dividit en 3 fases del projecte. Els resultats d'aquest estudi posen de manifest com les reaccions dels alumnes sobre l'ús de l'eina difereixen d'acord a les fases i les etapes del projecte d'escriptura col·laborativa. L'objectiu primordial d'aquesta investigació és proporcionar comprensió sobre com l'ús d'un wiki influeix en els processos i en les percepcions de l'aprenent quan participa en una tasca d'escriptura col·laborativa. En oferir una visió i unes directrius que augmenten les oportunitats d'aprenentatge i minimitzen els desafiaments de l'ús efectiu de l'eina wiki, aquest estudi també té com a objectiu ajudar els professors d'idiomes tenint en compte l'aplicació de tals activitats en les seves pròpies aules, així com també pot ajudar els dissenyadors de software per a comprendre millor les necessitats dels alumnes i dels professors per al desenvolupament continu d'eines de col·laboració que facilitin específicament els processos d'aprenentatge d'idiomes.
El reciente aumento en los estudios y la literatura sobre el uso de wikis y otras herramientas de la Web 2.0 en el aprendizaje de idiomas enfatiza los beneficios pedagógicos de la utilización de estas herramientas para las tareas de escritura de colaboración en el aula de lengua extranjera. Sin embargo, la existente investigación es todavía escasa, pues son pocos los proyectos de escritura colaborativa con más de dos escritores que se han desarrollado hasta ahora. Esto puede ser debido, en parte, a que la escritura es un acto complejo y desafiante, el cual se vuelve aún más difícil cuando se trata de un trabajo colaborativo e involucra a más de dos personas. Además de esto, la implementación de un wiki o de otra herramienta de colaboración digital puede servir para complicar en lugar de facilitar aún más. Esta tesis presenta un estudio de caso de métodos mixtos sobre el uso de un wiki para un proyecto de escritura colaborativa llevado a cabo en el aula de Inglés para el Turismo a nivel de educación superior. Los sujetos de estudio, 63 estudiantes de primer año matriculados en un programa de grado de 4 años de Estudios Turísticos en una institución privada en Barcelona, fueron los participantes de un curso de lengua Inglesa para el Turismo divididos en 3 grupos distintos basados en el dominio del idioma y enseñados por 3 profesores diferentes. Un total de 18 pequeños grupos de trabajo de entre 3 o 4 alumnos participaron en el proyecto conocido como Touripedia, el cual fue llevado a cabo durante un período de 6 meses dividido en 3 fases del proyecto. Los hallazgos de este estudio ponen de manifiesto cómo las reacciones de los alumnos sobre el uso de la herramienta difieren de acuerdo a las fases y las etapas del proyecto de escritura colaborativa. El objetivo primordial de esta investigación es proporcionar comprensión sobre cómo el uso de un wiki influye en los procesos y en las percepciones del aprendiz cuando participa en una tarea de escritura colaborativa. Al ofrecer una visión y unas directrices que aumentan las oportunidades de aprendizaje y minimizan los desafíos del uso efectivo de la herramienta wiki, este estudio también tiene como objetivo ayudar a los profesores de idiomas teniendo en cuenta la aplicación de tales actividades en sus propias aulas, así como también puede ayudar a los diseñadores de software para comprender mejor las necesidades de los alumnos y de los profesores para el desarrollo continuo de herramientas de colaboración que faciliten específicamente los procesos de aprendizaje de idiomas.
Le, Cunuder Anne. "Étude expérimentale des forces de Casimir". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN007/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe study of density fluctuations inside confined liquid systems has received the attention of recent theoretical and experimental papers. In order to analyze the role of confinement on the statistical properties of fluctuations, we developed a highly sensitive system where the intensity of fluctuations, as well as their spatial correlation length can be simply tuned. The idea will be to enhance the role of fluctuations working close to the critical temperature Tc of a second order phase transition in a binary mixture. Indeed, the correlation length dramatically increases when one approaches the critical demixion point.The confinement is obtained by using a sphere-plane geometry with a colloidal particle attached to the cantilever of an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). When the correlation length is comparable with the distance of confinement, Fisher and De Gennes predicted the existence of an interesting effect: the two surfaces will be submitted to either an attracting or a repelling force, depending on boundary conditions. This effect is called the critical Casimir force in reference to the quantum Casimir force resulting from the confinement of quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field.During this thesis, we measured the quantum Casimir force between the sphere and the plate, first in a nitrogen atmosphere and then in ethanol, showing that the developed instrument is sufficiently sensible to measure very weak force, of the same order of magnitude or even weaker than the critical Casimir force. Measurements are compared to Lifshitz theory, taking into account the finite conductivity of surfaces
Sanz, Gil Mercedes. "Las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación y la autonomía de aprendizaje de lenguas. Análisis crítico y estudio de casos en el aprendizaje del FLE". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10437.
Pełny tekst źródłaEsta tesis se encuadra en el ámbito del aprendizaje en autonomía, y en concreto, en la formación a la autonomía a través de las potencialidades de las TIC, campos de investigación, autonomía y TIC, de corte muy actual, pero que, tal y como se expone en los diferentes capítulos, no se trata de conceptos nuevos, sino que sus principios estructuradores suponen una evolución en el tiempo y un proceso de maduración.
En este sentido, en la primera parte se hace un recorrido por las diferentes corrientes psicopedagógicas y metodologías de aprendizaje de lenguas, señalando cómo aparecen los diferentes aspectos relacionados con el aprendizaje en autonomía. Se presenta también, la evolución producida en el campo de las tecnologías aplicadas a la educación, en cuanto a las posibilidades técnicas que ofrecen, y en cuanto a la interacción con el usuario.
Finalmente, un estudio de casos muestra cómo las propuestas tecnológicas de aprendizaje más recientes pueden ser integradas en diferentes proyectos de aprendizaje, según los aprendices y según su estilo cognitivo y de aprendizaje.
ElNady, Khaled. "Modèles de comportement non linéaire des matériaux architecturés par des méthodes d'homogénéisation discrètes en grandes déformations. Application à des biomembranes et des textiles". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0032/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe present thesis deals with the development of micromechanical schemes for the computation of the homogenized response of architectured materials, focusing on periodical lattice materials. Architectured and micro-architectured materials cover a wide range of mechanical properties according to the nodal connectivity, geometrical arrangement of the structural elements, their moduli, and a possible structural hierarchy. The principal objective of the thesis is the consideration of geometrical nonlinearities accounting for the large changes of the initial lattice geometry, due to the small bending stiffness of the structural elements, in comparison to their tensile rigidity. The so-called discrete homogenization method is extended to the geometrically nonlinear setting for periodical lattices; incremental schemes are constructed based on a staggered localization-homogenization computation of the lattice response over a repetitive unit cell submitted to a controlled deformation loading. The obtained effective medium is a micropolar anisotropic continuum, the effective properties of which accounting for the geometrical arrangement of the structural elements within the lattice and their mechanical properties. The non affine response of the lattice leads to possible size effects which can be captured by an enrichment of the classical Cauchy continuum either by adding rotational degrees of freedom as for the micropolar effective continuum, or by considering second order gradients of the displacement field. Both strategies are followed in this work, the construction of second order grade continua by discrete homogenization being done in a small perturbations framework. We show that both strategies for the enrichment of the effective continuum are complementary due to the existing analogy in the construction of the micropolar and second order grade continua by homogenization. The combination of both schemes further delivers tension, bending and torsion internal lengths, which reflect the lattice topology and the mechanical properties of its structural elements. Applications to textiles and biological membranes described as quasi periodical networks of filaments are considered. The computed effective response is validated by comparison with FE simulations performed over a representative unit cell of the lattice. The homogenization schemes have been implemented in a dedicated code written in combined symbolic and numerical language, and using as an input the lattice geometry and microstructural mechanical properties. The developed predictive micromechanical schemes offer a design tool to conceive new architectured materials to expand the boundaries of the 'material-property' space
Sitta, Martin. "Montovaná železobetonová konstrukce výrobní haly s administrativou". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265275.
Pełny tekst źródłaVyhnalíková, Kateřina. "Betonová konstrukce krytého parkoviště pro bytové domy". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240439.
Pełny tekst źródłaSubramani, Manoj. "Dynamic response of porous ductile materials containing cylindrical voids". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0310.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe fracture of ductile materials is often the result of the nucleation, growth and coalescence of microscopic voids. In this thesis, we mainly focus on the dynamic void evolution in porous media containing cylindrical voids. This study covers a problem that is of particular interest in many areas of research (e.g. development of shock mitigation devices for civil or military applications). Owing to the development of additive manufacturing, the processing of porous material with cylindrical voids is an option to create lightweight materials having interesting properties in terms of energy dissipation. Therefore, our work aims at describing the dynamic response of architectured materials such as honeycomb structures. In dynamic loading, microvoids sustain an extremely rapid expansion which generates strong acceleration of particles in the vicinity of cavities. These micro-inertia effects are known to play a significant role in the macroscopic response and the development of damage in porous media. In fact, the overall macroscopic stress is found to be the sum of two contributions: a static term (micro-inertia independent term) and a dynamic term (micro-inertia dependent term), the latter being related to the microstructure (e.g. size and aspect ratio of voids). In our work, a cylindrical shell is adopted as a Representative Volume Element (internal and external radii a and b, length 2l) for the porous material. The static term is derived from a yield function available in the literature. The dynamic stress is evaluated analytically using a trial velocity field for cylindrical voids combined with the multi-scale approach developed in the literature in LEM3. It is shown that the dynamic stress is scaled by the mass density, two characteristic lengths of the voids, the porosity, the macroscopic strain rate tensor and the time derivative of the strain rate tensor. An important outcome of the model is the differential lengthscale effect which exists between in-plane and out of plane components of the macroscopic stress. Namely, it is observed for axisymmetric loading that in-plane dynamic stress components are only related to the void radius a while the out of plane stress component is linked to a and the length of the RVE, l. In the thesis, we present the dynamic response of the porous medium when subjected to various loading conditions: spherical loading, axisymmetric plane strain loading, uniaxial loading and biaxial loading. While for plane strain loading under quasi static condition, the overall axial stress is spherical, in dynamic conditions, the inertia contribution hinders the overall stress tensor from being spherical. Another important result of the proposed theory is the effect of the void length, which does not exist in quasi static conditions where the overall response is solely modulated by the porosity. The case of thin cylinders under dynamic loading reveals a peculiar damage kinetics. In fact, the damage developed in such porous materials results from an increase of the void radius and a reduction of the external radius. The void collapse for uniaxial as well as for biaxial loadings are new observations. The analytical model predictions are validated based on comparisons with finite element calculations (Abaqus/Explicit)
Pevner, Jan. "Nadzemní parkovací dům". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226965.
Pełny tekst źródłaHájek, Jan. "Projekt podzemních garáží v Brně". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225505.
Pełny tekst źródłaŠtys, Jiří. "Implementace statistických kompresních metod". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413295.
Pełny tekst źródłaMakhalova, Tatiana. "Contributions à la fouille d'ensembles de motifs : des données complexes à des ensembles de motifs signifiants et réutilisables". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0124.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we study different aspects of pattern mining in binary and numerical tabular datasets. The objective of pattern mining is to discover a small set of non-redundant patterns that may cover entirely a given dataset and be interpreted as useful and significant knowledge units. We focus on some key issues such as (i) formal definition of pattern interestingness, (ii) the minimization of pattern explosion, (iii) measure for evaluating the performance of pattern mining, and (iv) the discrepancy between interestingness and quality of the discovered pattern sets. Moreover, we go beyond the typical perspectives of pattern mining and investigate the intrinsic structure underlying a tabular dataset. The main contributions of this research work are theoretical, conceptual, and practical. Regarding the theoretical novelty, we propose a so-called closure structure and the GDPM algorithm for its computing. The closure structure allows us to estimate both the data and pattern complexity. Furthermore, practically the closure structure may be used to represent the data topology w.r.t. an interestingness measure. Conceptually, the closure structure allows an analyst to understand the intrinsic data configuration before selecting any interestingness measure rather than to understand the data by means of an arbitrarily selected interestingness measure. In this research work, we also discuss the difference between interestingness and quality of pattern sets. We propose to adopt the best practices of supervised learning in pattern mining. Based on that, we developed an algorithm for itemset mining, called KeepItSimple, which relates interestingness and the quality of pattern sets. In practice, KeepItSimple allows us to efficiently mine a set of interesting and good-quality patterns without any pattern explosion. In addition, we propose an algorithm for a greedy enumeration of likely-occurring itemsets that can be used when frequent closed itemset miners return too many itemsets. The last practical contribution consists in developing an MDL-based algorithm called Mint for mining pattern sets in numerical data. The Mint algorithm relies on a strong theoretical foundation and at the same time has a practical objective in returning a small set of numerical, non-redundant, and informative patterns. The experiments show that Mint has very good behavior in practice and usually outperforms its competitors
McNamee, Jeff. "Accuracy of momentary time sampling a comparison of varying interval lengths using SOFIT /". 2004. http://www.oregonpdf.org.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 41-49). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
McNamee, Jeff B. "Accuracy of momentary time sampling : a comparison of varying interval lengths using SOFIT". Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30142.
Pełny tekst źródłaGraduation date: 2004
Lin, Yi-Fan. "Bayesian interval estimation and performance measurement". Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1407919.
Pełny tekst źródłaBackground: Quality measurement and reporting systems are used in healthcare internationally. Clinical indicators are increasingly being used to assess, compare and improve the quality of care provided by health care systems. In Australia, the Australian Council on Healthcare Standards records and reports hundreds of clinical indicators nationally across the healthcare system. These indicators are measures of performance in the clinical setting, and are used as a screening tool to help assess whether a standard of care is being met. Existing analysis and reporting of these indicators incorporate Bayesian methods to address sampling variation; however, such assessments are retrospective in nature, reporting upon the previous six or twelve months of data. The use of Bayesian methods within statistical process control for monitoring systems is an important pursuit to support more timely decision-making. Objectives: This thesis aimed to develop and assess a new graphical monitoring tool, similar to a control chart, utilising the benefits of Bayesian hierarchical models, and potentially improving the monitoring of the health care system. Methods: Simulations were developed based upon a factorial design parameter space to compare the traditional Bernoulli CUSUM (BC) chart with three charts utilising the Bayesian paradigm. The first two charts are based on the beta-binomial posterior predictive (BBPP) distribution with each of the more traditional “central” and “highest posterior density” (HPD) interval approaches to define the limits, named BBPPCI and BBPPHPD charts, respectively. The third chart was a Bayesian CUSUM, based on the beta-binomial posterior (BBP) distribution with the traditional Bernoulli CUSUM (BC) chart procedure, named the BBPBC chart. These charts were compared via heat maps, regression models and tree-based models to identify parameter spaces where the new charts were superior to the traditional BC chart, based on in-control and out-of-control average run lengths, assuming that the parameter representing the underlying clinical indicator rate (proportion of cases with an event of interest) required estimation. Results: The in-control ARLs for all charts were very high, exceeding traditional Shewhart charts. The newly developed BBPP chart with HPD interval estimation was found to have the best performance based on the out-of-control ARL (ARLout) for the case of when the underlying parameter changes immediately. The BBPPHPD chart had, on average, a smaller ARLout than the BC chart in 75% of the simulations conducted. Conclusions: Bayesian hierarchical models and the newly developed control charts utilising these models have been shown to offer value to the health care system. These new charts offer improved abilities to detect changes in the system, and can do so in a more timely manner than retrospective system reports. It is recommended that these charts continue to be explored and assessed for a broader parameter space and utilising traditional run rules. A final chapter in the thesis explored a Bayesian approach to a problem surrounding interval estimation that was recently addressed by frequentist methods. The article in question was the result of a practical application requiring inference for the weighted sum of two binomial proportions, which is related to the more common problem of inference for the difference between two proportions. Bayesian credible intervals were derived which perform better than the frequentist-based confidence intervals that were developed for the application, not only in terms of frequentist coverage, but especially in terms of intervals for extreme data outcomes.
"Applications of frustrated total internal reflection for short interaction length devices in photonic integrated circuits". SOUTHERN METHODIST UNIVERSITY, 2010. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3366145.
Pełny tekst źródłaCHANG, LING-CHEN, i 張聆真. "Exploiting the big data analysis to investigate the length of stay for internal medicine patients". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/735zpe.
Pełny tekst źródła國立中正大學
企業管理系研究所
106
The application of big data in the medical/healthcare field is gradually receiving attention. Hospitals and medical institutions are committed to using big data to predict and monitor diseases, optimize resource utilization, reduce healthcare costs, and relieve financial pressure of hospital. Managers and hospital administrators in hospitals also need analyzed data to assist them in making decisions so that patients can receive better medical care. However, in the medical/healthcare field, the amount of data is huge and cluttered. How to gain and choose the valuable data then turns into the biggest challenge at present. Predicting inpatient length of stay (LOS) is an important and necessary measurement to help hospitals or physicians allocate medical resources appropriately. Therefore, we applied data mining algorithms to identify some important variables that may affect the inpatient LOS and compare the accuracy of these algorithms. Data mining can find out the hidden patterns, associations, and knowledge from a large amount of data based on databases, statistics, and machine learning; therefore, we use the classification method in this study. According to the previous studies, predicting the inpatient LOS, this study chose two frequent used data mining algorithms, support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree. We found the significant variables from the 7 variables in our collected dataset, and presented the analysis results of prediction by variables on the decision tree diagram. The significant variables include the main diagnostic code, the second and the third diagnostic codes, and the department of admission and discharge. Observing the comparison between the two models in accuracy, the results show that although the SVM model has high accuracy (93.54%) in the training set, it is far from the accuracy of the testing set (71.34%). The decision tree presents almost the same degree of accuracy between the training set and testing set and is suitable for applying to the actual forecasting.
Hsieh, Yong-Hsiang, i 謝詠翔. "Optimal Algorithms for the Interval Location Problem with Range Constraints on Length and Average". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84227236403823748438.
Pełny tekst źródła國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
95
Let A be a sequence of n real numbers, L1 and L2 be two integers such that L1 <= L2 , and R1 and R2 be two real numbers such that R1 <= R2. An interval of A is feasible if its length is between L1 and L2 and its average is between R1 and R2. In this dissertation, we study the following problems: finding all feasible intervals of A, counting all feasible intervals of A, finding a maximum cardinality set of non-overlapping feasible intervals of A, locating a longest feasible interval of A, and locating a shortest feasible interval of A. The problems are motivated from the problem of locating CpG islands of a DNA sequence. Locating CpG islands is important for gene finding as well as for cancer research. In this dissertation, we firstly show that all the problems have an Ω(n log n)-time lower bound in the comparison model. Then, we use geometric approaches to design optimal algorithms for the problems. All the presented algorithms run in an on-line manner and use O(n) space.
Hsu, Tsai-Jen, i 許載仁. "Study Of Minimum Length Of Confidence Interval About Chi-Square Distribution And F Distribution". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30875034150373393960.
Pełny tekst źródła淡江大學
數學學系碩士班
101
This article is to explore the minimum length of confidence interval of F distribution. In 1975, Crisman had mentioned a bisection method to calculate the confidence interval with the minimum length about the Chi-Square distribution to meet the desired critical values. This paper will first explore Crisman’s research and applies the same method on F distribution to find the confidence interval with minimum length, finally we will provide a SAS Macro program and use some examples to illustrate how to use it.
曾鈺婷. "Concept of Average Run Length for Coverage Interval & p values for Gene Expression Analysis". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12876198101850364007.
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