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Harold, Dolly A., i Thomas A. Horan. "Examining collaboration and information sharing in Inter-Organisational Information System (IOIS) implementation". Electronic Government, an International Journal 9, nr 4 (2012): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/eg.2012.049723.
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Karlsson, Fredrik, Karin Hedström, Magnus Frostenson, Frans Prenkert, Ella Kolkowska i Sven Helin. "Attempts to share information between public sector organisations over time: A case-based exploration of value conflicts". Information Polity 26, nr 3 (17.08.2021): 289–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ip-200234.
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Despite the importance of inter-organisational information sharing (IOIS) in the public sector, such endeavours often fail. Existing research has shown that the values held by collaborating organisations are one important factor affecting these kinds of initiatives. However, research has sought only to a limited extent to address how value conflicts come into play over time. Therefore, this paper aims to explore how conflicting values shape an inter-organisational information-sharing practice in the public sector over time. Using the local/global network framework, we analyse four years’ worth of information sharing in an inter-organisational advisory group in the context of Swedish nuclear waste management. We conclude that different value conflicts are emphasised to different extents at different points in time. That is, values do not uniformly affect IOIS activities, and such conflicts over time reduce the set of potential IOIS activities. We also conclude that when IOIS activities are driven by an individual organisation’s values, individual value rational activities may co-exist with a dysfunctional long-term IOIS practice.
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Reimers, Kai, Robert B. Johnston i Stefan Klein. "Toward a Theory of IOIS Variance". International Journal of Strategic Information Technology and Applications 1, nr 3 (lipiec 2010): 36–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsita.2010070104.
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Observing that existing models of inter-organisational information systems (IOIS) have not been developed to explain IOIS variance, in this paper the authors develop three criteria a new theoretical framework should meet: 1) It should support identification of and distinction between essential properties of IOIS; 2) it should explain the resilience of IOIS, that is, why (properties of) IOIS persist in the face of environmental change; and 3) it should offer a way of describing IOIS on organisational and collective levels, that is, the level of various types of collectives of organisations, such as networks, associations or industries. This paper then assesses four theories commonly used in IOIS studies (Transaction Cost Theory, Resource Dependence Theory, Neo-Institutionalism, and Structuration Theory) in view of these three criteria. Based on this discussion, the authors develop a new framework for studying IOIS variance which views IOIS as constellations of aligned practices.
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Sigala, Marianna. "Evaluating the performance of destination marketing systems (DMS): stakeholder perspective". Marketing Intelligence & Planning 32, nr 2 (7.04.2014): 208–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-08-2013-0131.
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Purpose – Destination marketing systems (DMS) represent a vital inter-organisational information system (IOIS) for supporting the collaborative e-marketing strategies of tourism firms and the competitiveness of tourism destinations. However, many DMS have failed to deliver the expected outcomes, while the performance measurement of DMS has not been thoroughly investigated in the literature so far. The study synthesises research from the fields of DMS, IOIS and collaborative practices for investigating the perceptions of various tourism DMS stakeholders about the evaluation of DMS performance. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The study conducted a nation-wide survey for measuring the perceptions of various tourism DMS stakeholders in Greece about the importance of the roles that DMS should serve as well as the items that should be used for measuring the performance of these DMS’ roles. Findings – The findings showed that the public and private stakeholders held different perceptions about the roles of DMS as well as about the metrics that need to be used for evaluating DMS performance. The findings also showed that the perceptions that stakeholders hold about the roles of the DMS influence their perceptions about the performance evaluation of DMS. Research limitations/implications – The findings are based on evaluating a specific type of IOIS and sector/context. Thus, caution is required in generalising the results to other types of IOIS and social/environmental contexts. Practical implications – The study highlighted that the performance and success of DMS, and of IOIS projects in general, require the nurturing of a collaborative culture and the co-ordination of the various stakeholders’ perceptions and interests. Originality/value – The study addresses the gap in DMS performance evaluation and it contributes to the literature about IOIS evaluation by adopting a stakeholders approach.
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Pereira-Rama, Antonio, Ángel F. Agudo-Peregrina i Julián Chaparro-Peláez. "The adequacy of an inter-organizational information system model for domotics service innovation in the building sector". Dirección y Organización, nr 51 (1.12.2013): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.37610/dyo.v0i50.432.
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The flexibility of SMEs that largely constitute the building sector is one of the key elements to enable the building industry to address the financial crisis that began in 2007. Therefore, in order to achieve a recovery in the sector, this study based on empirical research analyzes the factors that allow adaptation of interorganizational information systems (IOIS) for domotics service innovation in the building sector. The main findings from this study allow us to conclude four ways in which the IOIS might contribute to service innovation in the building sector. The final purpose is to improve management in the interrelations between different agents to undertake more complex building projects, contributing in par ticular to improve the quality of housing.Keywords: building, IOIS, ICT, service innovation, domotics services.Adecuación de un modelo de sistema de información interorganizacional para la innovación de servicios domóticos en el sector de la edificaciónResumen: La flexibilidad de las PYMEs que mayoritariamente componen el sector de la edificación es uno de los elementos claves que le está permitiendo al sector soportar la crisis financiera iniciada en 2007. Por ello, con el fin de lograr una recuperación en el sector, este estudio basado en un trabajo de investigación empírico analiza los factores que permiten la adecuación de los sistemas de información interorganizacionales (SIIO) para la innovación de servicios domóticos en el sector de la edificación. El objetivo último es mejorar la gestión de las interrelaciones entre empresas para llevar a cabo proyectos de construcción más complejos.Palabras clave: sector de la edificación, SIIO, TIC, innovación de servicios, domótica.
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Teryokhin, Sergei, i Gøril Hannås. "Pre-requisites of successful strategic electronic coordination: the moderation effect of the ownership mechanism of inter-organisational information systems". Engineering Management in Production and Services 9, nr 4 (20.12.2017): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/emj-2017-0029.
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AbstractIn this paper, we attempt to explain how the ownership mechanism of an interorganisational information system (IOS) may impact strategic information exchange (electronic coordination) induced by specific investments in the IOS. Recent research and practice show that heavy investments in IOSs demonstrate mixed results with respect to their impact on the electronic coordination. Consequently, the search of additional factors is needed to help and explain under what circumstances the IOS investments for strategic purposes become beneficial for the companies in a buyersupplier dyad. Transaction cost economics (TCE) and the hostage model are used as a framework for the research. 198 observations of Norwegian companies in different branches of industry constitute the base of the empirical study. A buyer-supplier dyad is the unit of the analysis. A regression model of the relation between the IOS ownership mechanism and the strategic information sharing is used to test two hypotheses about the buyer-supplier collaboration via an IOS. The results demonstrate that the risk of unilateral specific investments in an IOS made by the buyer or the seller is attenuated by the ownership mechanism of the IOS. The willingness of a buyer to share their strategic information with the supplier via the IOS increases if the supplier invests in the IOS which is owned and controlled by the buyer. Conversely, the supplier becomes motivated to share certain sensitive strategic information with the buying company if the latter invests in the IOS which is owned and controlled by the supplier.
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Storer, Christine, Geoffrey Soutar, Jacques Trienekens, Adrie Beulens i Mohammed Quaddus. "Dynamic modelling of inter-organisational information management systems and relationships in food chains". Journal on Chain and Network Science 4, nr 1 (1.06.2004): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2004.x042.
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It is agreed that good communication systems between organisations increase customer satisfaction and relationship behaviour. However, less is known about the details of how information is used to manage relationships. Theories that have been found have either been tested on non-perishable goods or on small case studies. In earlier stages of the research, a dynamic model of inter-organisational information management systems (IOIMS) and relationships was developed based on a netchain case study. This paper presents an evaluation of this model based on a survey of Australian food processors and a green life industry case study. Both studies found that the environment (power, dependency and market uncertainty) had a significant influence on (attitudinal) commitment to develop long-term customer/supplier relationships. In addition, the nature of the IOIMS was associated with perceived current outcomes (satisfaction with performance, perceived responsiveness and strength of relationship trust). However, commitment to develop long-term customer supplier relationships was not significantly associated with the IOIMS. Conclusions were more doubtful about the association between the business environment and the IOIMS and perceived current outcomes. Suggestions for future research are made.
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Wang, Bill, Yuanfei Kang, Paul Childerhouse i Baofeng Huo. "Interpersonal and inter-organizational relationship drivers of supply chain integration". Industrial Management & Data Systems 118, nr 6 (9.07.2018): 1170–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-05-2017-0216.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how interpersonal relationships (IPRs) and inter-organisational relationships (IORs) interact with each other as driving forces of supply chain integration (SCI). More specifically (the) three dimensions of IPR – personal affection, personal credibility, and personal communication – are examined in regards to how they affect inter-organisational relationships during SCI. Design/methodology/approach The research employed an exploratory multiple case study approach with four New Zealand case companies selected as the empirical basis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews of managerial executives in relation to supply chain activities, which were triangulated with company archival data. Findings The authors found that IPRs are able to interact with IORs to influence the integration of supply chains. More specifically, IPRs influence IORs by initiating organisational relationships in the SCI context; and influences from IPR dimensions on IORs tend to be of differing magnitudes and have different evolutional paths across the whole SCI process. Originality/value This research contributes to knowledge about the roles and mechanisms through which IPRs shape and enable inter-organisational level relationships within the SCI context.
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Borman, Mark. "Developing, and testing, a theoretical framework for inter-organisational systems (IOS) as infrastructure to aid future IOS design". Information Systems and e-Business Management 4, nr 4 (17.05.2006): 343–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10257-006-0033-x.
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Teryokhin, Sergei, i Gøril Hannås. "Impact of supplier-specific investments in inter-organisational information systems on strategic electronic coordination: the moderation effect of buyer dependence". Engineering Management in Production and Services 10, nr 1 (1.03.2018): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/emj-2018-0001.
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Abstract This paper examines the factors which influence sharing of the strategic information (in other words, electronic coordination) in a buyer–supplier dyad. The antecedents of this coordination are examined rather well in the transaction cost economics (TCE) theory and resource-dependency theory (RDT), while the supply chain management perspective is contemplated. The mentioned frameworks are used in the analysis. However, the research focus is narrowed down to the exploration of the antecedents of information exchange conducted via inter-organisational information systems (IOS). The empirical analysis is based on 198 observations of Norwegian companies operating in different types of industries. A regression model is used to test the hypotheses about the antecedents of strategic electronic coordination. The research results indicate that the direct effect of the supplier-specific investments in the IOS on the exchange of strategic information in the buyer–supplier dyad is not statistically significant. The supplier-specific investment in the IOS becomes positively associated with the strategic information exchange in the buyer–supplier dyad only when the buyer is dependent on the supplier. The buyer dependency creates a high motivation for the company to exchange the strategic information with the supplier who is more powerful in the dyad. This research concludes that the companies making substantial investments in the IOS for electronic coordination purposes may not reach their goals if relation-specific factors, such as buyer dependency, are not comprehensively considered.
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Min, Hokey. "An inter-organisational decision support system for global supply chain management". International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management 38, nr 4 (2021): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijlsm.2021.114760.
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Daniel, Elizabeth M., i Andrew White. "The future of inter-organisational system linkages: findings of an international Delphi study". European Journal of Information Systems 14, nr 2 (czerwiec 2005): 188–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000529.
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Bahlmann, Jan, i Achim Spiller. "Inter-organizational information systems in meat chains: the linkage between supply chain organization and system requirements". Journal on Chain and Network Science 9, nr 1 (1.01.2009): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2009.x159.
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The German meat sector is faced with increasing cost pressures and a high demand for quality and safety. Both issues require powerful and holistic IT solutions in order to achieve knowledge transfer, process alignment and transparent information flows across the supply chain. In recent years, new Inter-Organizational Information Systems (IOS) were developed for the red meat industry. However, the acceptance of IOS at the farm level is still relatively low. Since there is hardly any relevant literature on IOS in the meat sector, this study contributes to the general research on IOS, the status quo of data flows in the pork supply chain as well as a systematization and evaluation of the most relevant existing internet based IOS. Furthermore, special needs for IOS on the spot market which is the dominating organizational form in the German pork sector are defined and contrasted against the current supply of systems. It was found that none of the existing IT solutions adequately meet the requirements which are important in complex spot market relationships. Consequently, we recommend a higher consideration of supply chain organization in IOS research and development.
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Liu, Yang, Moses Esangbedo i Sijun Bai. "Adaptability of Inter-Organizational Information Systems Based on Organizational Identity: Some Factors of Partnership for the Goals". Sustainability 11, nr 5 (8.03.2019): 1436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051436.
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Given the current trade friction between the United States of America and the People’s Republic of China, the progress of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) may slow down in some areas in both countries, and there is a need for organizations to understand more of the factors that affect the adaptability of inter-organization information systems (AIOISs) in order to support the 17th Sustainable Development Goal. This research proposes a new model for the adaptability of IOISs based on organizational identity. The hypotheses for this research were deduced from the literature in order to identify and extract the factors for adaptability and partnership. Subsequently, a conceptual model has been developed and empirically tested using the data from 259 samples. The exploratory and confirmatory analysis showed that organizational learning mechanisms (OLM) and knowledge sharing (KS) have a significant positive effect on the identity of multi-organization alliances (IMOAs), and on the adaptability of IOISs, as well as indirectly affecting the adaptability of IOISs through the mediating role of the identity of the multi-organization alliance. In addition, organizational collaboration (OC), commitment, and trust have a significant positive effect on the identity of a multi-organization alliance, whereas there is no direct relationship between organizational collaboration, commitment, trust, and the adaptability of the IOIS. Lastly, the mediating roles of IMOA on AIOIS are supported.
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Althoff, Gereon, Alexander Ellebrecht i Brigitte Petersen. "Chain quality information management: development of a reference model for quality information requirements in pork chains". Journal on Chain and Network Science 5, nr 1 (1.06.2005): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2005.x052.
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As in many food chains, pork production is carried out in heterogeneous chain scenarios with diverse organisational arrangements. Inter-organisational information management systems have not yet been established in pork production even though they provide a chance to improve chain-wide cooperation and quality management. This article presents the concept and first results of a sub-project in an ongoing Dutch-German collaborative research and development project of the public-private network "GIQS e.V." that develops tools for improved quality and health management in pork chains. In this sub-project a chain quality information system was designed, implemented and validated in three pilot chains in Germany and the Netherlands. The major result is a comprehensive implementation guideline for chains that want to improve their use of chain quality information in their quality and health management. The aim of this study was to identify chain actors' information requirements, taking into account the existing organisational heterogeneity in the pork industry. The theoretical framework of this paper integrates the netchain model with the process approach of ISO 9000:2000. The focus lies on describing a general structure of a chain-wide information system. The concept of inter-enterprise data warehousing is adopted for quality management in food chains. Based on this concept, a "natural language" reference model for information requirements in pork netchains was generated. The reference model was adapted to three separate pilot chains. This paper presents the results obtained by implementing the model in one of the pilot chains, with a special focus on improving animal health management and supporting risk-based meat inspection with chain-wide information management.
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Storer, Christine, Geoffrey Soutar, Michelle Darrington i M. Fay Rola-Rubzen. "Buyer/seller reflections on inter-organisational information systems: Implications for chain data collection methods". Journal on Chain and Network Science 2, nr 2 (1.12.2002): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2002.x023.
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When deciding to conduct research on chains and networks, a decision needs to be made about the unit of analysis that will be used for data collection. The present paper examines the validity of collecting data from one party in a chain or dyad. The research examines the differences in perception between dyadic pairs of buyers and sellers about the nature of their relationship and the inter-organisational information system. There were significant differences in perceptions about the nature of the inter-organisational information system in terms of some the types of information exchanged, the frequency of exchange of different types of information, whether information was exchanged as often as necessary, the direction information flowed and the richness of the communication media used to exchange information. Customers and suppliers did not have significant differences in perception of the informality of the information systems. There were differences in perceptions about the relationship in terms of responsiveness and changes in commitment over time. In addition, there were differences in perception about their importance and loyalty to each other, and the predictability of demand and volume of supply. The implication for data collection in chain and network research is that greater accuracy will be gained by collection of data from all parties in dyadic, chain or network relationships. In addition, it would seem that data should be collected from multiple informants with at least one from each department that has dealings with the other party. Where a high level of accuracy is needed, diary records or electronic tracking may be needed to keep track of activities.
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Rajaguru, Rajesh, i Bobby Swar. "Inter-oraganisational Information Systems (IOIS) and Cybermediaries for Agriculture and Food Supply Chain". Agribusiness and Information Management 3, nr 1 (30.06.2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14771/aim.3.1.1.
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Rajaguru, Rajesh, i Bobby Swar. "Inter-oraganisational Information Systems (IOIS) and Cybermediaries for Agriculture and Food Supply Chain". Agribusiness and Information Management 5, nr 1 (30.06.2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14771/aim.5.1.1.
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Ford, Norma J. "The development and evaluation of an information technology support system to facilitate inter‐organisational collaboration in HRD". Journal of European Industrial Training 30, nr 7 (sierpień 2006): 569–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090590610704411.
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Rasit, Zarinah Abdul, i Che Ruhana Isa. "Relative Comprehensiveness of Performance Measurement System: Organisational Ownership Structure and Size". International Journal of Financial Research 10, nr 3 (19.05.2019): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v10n3p380.
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Change in the business environment has resulted in significant implication in the use of Management Control System (MCS) particularly Performance Measurement System (PMS). Strategic Performance Measurement System (SPMS) has been widely used by organisation to monitor the implementation, achievement and improvement of its plan objectives. Considerable prior research identified inconsistent findings in the relationship between PMS and organisational performance. In view of the fact that organisational culture would significantly being influenced by ownership structure, this research will further explore the comprehensiveness of PMS, the extent to which the systems provide information and integration with strategy and value chain, with different ownership structure. Data were gathered in two (2) phases; firstly, using the survey data administered to the 120 strategic business unit (SBU) managers of the manufacturing companies, members of the Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM). The second phase involves conducting semi-structured interviews with SBU managers of the 10 companies with foreign and local ownership structure. Findings from the research identified that more comprehensive PMS is being implemented by foreign owned companies rather than local own companies. The size of the companies may also influence the PMS comprehensiveness. The PMS implementation was also found to be influenced by the parent companies. Adequate information technology (IT) plays an important role for effective use of the PMS, provide added supports for performance assessment, communication and exchange of information within the organisation and inter-organisations worldwide. Findings provide significant insights into the organisational factors influence the PMS design.
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Fu, Hsin-Pin, Tien-Hsiang Chang, Cheng-Yuan Ku, Tsung-Sheng Chang i Cheng-Hsin Huang. "The critical success factors affecting the adoption of inter-organization systems by SMEs". Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 29, nr 5 (27.05.2014): 400–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-04-2012-0070.
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Purpose – The purposes of this study were to formulate a hierarchical table of factors that influence adoption of an inter-organization system (IOS) by enterprises and to apply multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) tools to find the weights of these factors and to objectively identify the critical success factors (CSFs) for the adoption of IOSs by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach – This study first used a literature review to collect the factors that affect an enterprise’s adoption of an IOS and then constructed a three-level hierarchical table of these factors, based on a technology – organization – environment framework. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy processing was used, based on the returned questionnaires, to determine the weights of the factors. The concept of VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) acceptable advantage was used to objectively identify the CSFs of SMEs that have adopted an IOS. Findings – This study identifies six CSFs of SMEs that have adopted an IOS: industry knowledge and experience, the degree of application of information technology within the industry, system safety, the organizational infrastructure, customer relationships and ease of use. In addition, four findings are proposed. Practical implications – The work has studied, in depth, the factors that influence the adoption of an IOS by SMEs and identified four practice implications that provide a useful guideline for SMEs when they plan to adopt an IOS. Originality/value – The identification of CSFs is also an MCDM problem. However, very few previous articles have used MCDM tools to identify the CSFs. This study adopted MCDM tools to objectively identify these CSFs and determine their appropriate weights. The results can help the managers of SMEs allocate their resources, according to the weighting of these CSFs, when they are making plans to adopt an IOS.
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M Aydin, Alperen. "Cognition to Collaboration: User-Centric Approach and Information Behaviour Theories/Models". Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline 20 (2017): 001–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3615.
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Aim/Purpose: The objective of this paper is to review the vast literature of user-centric in-formation science and inform about the emerging themes in information behaviour science. Background: The paradigmatic shift from system-centric to user-centric approach facilitates research on the cognitive and individual information processing. Various information behaviour theories/models emerged. Methodology: Recent information behaviour theories and models are presented. Features, strengths and weaknesses of the models are discussed through the analysis of the information behaviour literature. Contribution: This paper sheds light onto the weaknesses in earlier information behaviour models and stresses (and advocates) the need for research on social information behaviour. Findings: Prominent information behaviour models deal with individual information behaviour. People live in a social world and sort out most of their daily or work problems in groups. However, only seven papers discuss social information behaviour (Scopus search). Recommendations for Practitioners : ICT tools used for inter-organisational sharing should be redesigned for effective information-sharing during disaster/emergency times. Recommendation for Researchers: There are scarce sources on social side of the information behaviour, however, most of the work tasks are carried out in groups/teams. Impact on Society: In dynamic work contexts like disaster management and health care settings, collaborative information-sharing may result in decreasing the losses. Future Research: A fieldwork will be conducted in disaster management context investigating the inter-organisational information-sharing.
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Giannakis, Mihalis, i Michalis Louis. "A multi-agent based system with big data processing for enhanced supply chain agility". Journal of Enterprise Information Management 29, nr 5 (12.09.2016): 706–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeim-06-2015-0050.
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Purpose Decision support systems are becoming an indispensable tool for managing complex supply chains. The purpose of this paper is to develop a multi-agent-based supply chain management system that incorporates big data analytics that can exert autonomous corrective control actions. The effects of the system on supply chain agility are explored. Design/methodology/approach For the development of the architecture of the system, a sequential approach is adopted. First three fundamental dimensions of supply chain agility are identified – responsiveness, flexibility and speed. Then the organisational design of the system is developed. The roles for each of the agents within the framework are defined and the interactions among these agents are modelled. Findings Applications of the model are discussed, to show how the proposed model can potentially provide enhanced levels in each of the dimensions of supply chain agility. Research limitations/implications The study shows how the multi-agent systems can assist to overcome the trade-off between supply chain agility and complexity of global supply chains. It also opens up a new research agenda for incorporation of big data and semantic web applications for the design of supply chain information systems. Practical implications The proposed information system provides integrated capabilities for production, supply chain event and disruption risk management under a collaborative basis. Originality/value A novel aspect in the design of multi-agent systems is introduced for inter-organisational processes, which incorporates semantic web information and a big data ontology in the agent society.
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Rodon, Juan, Joan Antoni Pastor, Feliciano Sesé i Ellen Christiaanse. "Unravelling the Dynamics of IOIS Implementation: An Actor-Network Study of an IOIS in the Seaport of Barcelona". Journal of Information Technology 23, nr 2 (czerwiec 2008): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000131.
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Although inter-organizational information systems (IOIS) implementation has been widely studied, mainstream literature has not focused on understanding how implementation unfolds and how the existing components of the installed base shape the process. This paper addresses this gap by conducting a socio-technical, process-oriented, and multilevel study. Based on a longitudinal in-depth case study of the implementation of an industry IOIS, we develop an explication of IOIS implementation that considers the role of the installed base. Using the lens of actor-network theory (ANT), we counter the mainstream IOIS literature by showing that IOIS implementation cannot only be explained by a fixed set of independent factors; instead, the dynamic mutual shaping of socio-technical actors throughout implementation complements existing factor-based models in explaining the evolution and the outcome (success or failure). The study also shows the importance of complying with the technical and non-technical components of the installed base for an IOIS to be successfully initiated.
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Rajaguru, Rajesh, i Margaret Jekanyika Matanda. "Effects of inter-organizational compatibility on supply chain capabilities: Exploring the mediating role of inter-organizational information systems (IOIS) integration". Industrial Marketing Management 42, nr 4 (maj 2013): 620–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.09.002.
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Hannås, Gøril, i Otto Andersen. "B2B Relationships in Modern Times". International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 4, nr 3 (lipiec 2011): 18–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jisscm.2011070102.
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Information technology (IT) enables businesses to integrate information systems across entities without altering the firms’ legal boundaries. New forms of inter-firm dependence and governance mechanisms may arise, due to the explicit investments made in technology and systems for collaboration purposes. There is an important distinction between general and customized investments in inter-organizational information systems (IOS), because the specificity level in IT exhibits certain characteristics that accentuate both the risk and value of inter-firm trade. Several research calls were made to validate governance theories on IOS. Based on a literature review, this paper provides a synthesis and integration of transaction cost economics (TCE) and IOS literature regarding governance forms. The paper discusses why the specificity level of IOS plays a central role in modern collaboration between firms, and how vertical electronic coordination (VEC) represents a mechanism for electronic governance forms and presents an agenda for future research.
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Miao, Xin, David Banister, Yanhong Tang, Min Li i Bao Xi. "MAINTAINING THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM UNDER EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS: A DUAL-NETWORK PERSPECTIVE". Technological and Economic Development of Economy 19, Supplement_1 (28.01.2014): S342—S359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2013.879748.
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Recent years have seen an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events globally, and these have resulted in severe impacts on the transport system. To the means by which the transport system can be maintained under extreme weather events is an emerging topic in transport studies, and this is augmented by a growing concern about climate change. This paper considers transport system as dual-network composed of an interrelated operation level and management level that has some similarities with the theory behind the Wardrop Principle. Evidence from the case study on the snow event in South China in early 2008 is used to draw the dual-network formulation to generalise the law of maintaining the transport system under extreme weather. The mathematical models of the dual-network focus on entropic dynamics in the operation network and matching control activities in the management network. Quantitative evidence is provided to prove the methodology. Interactions through the form of information communication and organisational collaboration within and between networks are highlighted. Incentive mechanisms are emphasised for achieving effective anticipation, prevention and collaboration to coping with extreme weather events. This paper contributes to a better understanding about the role of networks, collective behaviour, information interchange and inter-organisational collaboration in influencing the maintenance of transport system under extreme weather conditions.
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Al-Busaidi, Kamla Ali. "Inter-Organizational Knowledge Sharing System in the Health Sector". International Journal of Knowledge Management 11, nr 3 (lipiec 2015): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkm.2015070103.
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This study aimed to investigate the physicians' attitude toward inter-organizational knowledge sharing system (IOKSS) deployment in the health sector in Oman. IOKSS in the health sector can be very crucial and results in several operational, strategic, social and economic benefits for healthcare providers and physicians. Previous research on inter-organizational systems (IOS) has focused on organizational adoption, particularly on vertically-linked organizations. Identifying major issues that are critical to physicians, the end users and key stakeholders, is crucial for IOKSS deployment. Based on data collected from physicians in Oman, results indicated that peers, the sector and knowledge workers, are critical factors to physicians' attitudes toward IOKSS. The study also indicated that physicians' attitudes were positively associated with their intention to share implicit, explicit, exploratory and exploitive knowledge. These results are valuable for organizational designing, planning and decision-making regarding their adoption of IOKSS in the health sector.
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Hinder, Susan, Kathrin Cresswell, Aziz Sheikh, Bryony Dean Franklin, Marta Krasuska, Hung The Nguyen, Wendy Lane i in. "Promoting inter-organisational knowledge sharing: A qualitative evaluation of England’s Global Digital Exemplar and Fast Follower Programme". PLOS ONE 16, nr 8 (2.08.2021): e0255220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255220.
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Background The Global Digital Exemplar (GDE) Programme was designed to promote the digitisation of hospital services in England. Selected provider organisations that were reasonably digitally-mature were funded with the expectation that they would achieve internationally recognised levels of excellence and act as exemplars (‘GDE sites’) and share their learning with somewhat less digitally-mature Fast Follower (FF) sites. Aims This paper explores how partnerships between GDE and FF sites have promoted knowledge sharing and learning between organisations. Methods We conducted an independent qualitative longitudinal evaluation of the GDE Programme, collecting data across 36 provider organisations (including acute, mental health and speciality), 12 of which we studied as in-depth ethnographic case studies. We used a combination of semi-structured interviews with programme leads, vendors and national policy leads, non-participant observations of meetings and workshops, and analysed national and local documents. This allowed us to explore both how inter-organisational learning and knowledge sharing was planned, and how it played out in practice. Thematic qualitative analysis, combining findings from diverse data sources, was facilitated by NVivo 11 and drew on sociotechnical systems theory. Results Formally established GDE and FF partnerships were perceived to enhance learning and accelerate adoption of technologies in most pairings. They were seen to be most successful where they had encouraged, and were supported by, informal knowledge networking, driven by the mutual benefits of information sharing. Informal networking was enhanced where the benefits were maximised (for example where paired sites had implemented the same technological system) and networking costs minimised (for example by geographical proximity, prior links and institutional alignment). Although the intervention anticipated uni-directional learning between exemplar sites and ‘followers’, in most cases we observed a two-way flow of information, with GDEs also learning from FFs, through informal networking which also extended to other health service providers outside the Programme. The efforts of the GDE Programme to establish a learning ecosystem has enhanced the profile of shared learning within the NHS. Conclusions Inter-organisational partnerships have produced significant gains for both follower (FF) and exemplar (GDE) sites. Formal linkages were most effective where they had facilitated, and were supported by, informal networking. Informal networking was driven by the mutual benefits of information sharing and was optimised where sites were well aligned in terms of technology, geography and culture. Misalignments that created barriers to networking between organisations in a few cases were attributed to inappropriate choice of partners. Policy makers seeking to promote learning through centrally directed mechanisms need to create a framework that enables networking and informal knowledge transfer, allowing local organisations to develop bottom-up collaboration and exchanges, where they are productive, in an organic manner.
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Borsellino, Valeria, Francesca Varia, Cinzia Zinnanti i Emanuele Schimmenti. "The Sicilian cooperative system of wine production". International Journal of Wine Business Research 32, nr 3 (31.03.2020): 391–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwbr-10-2018-0062.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to verify whether, besides the traditional organisational models mainly implemented by wine-making cooperatives, more modern and hybrid organisational forms can be profitably applied within an increasingly competitive wine market. Design/methodology/approach The study outlined in this paper deployed a mixed method. Specifically, an archived analysis, a survey and a descriptive case study (including visits, interviews and documentary analysis) were the methodological techniques used in this study, which were “in series but integrated” between themselves. In this paper, the landscape of Sicilian wine cooperatives is described by collating and processing different types of statistical sources, which have been integrated by direct surveys undertaken in 2017. Thereafter, the study focussed on a wine cooperative with a specific business model and a strategic edge by analysing its strategic choices and main structural and governance characteristics. Within this case study, a financial ratio analysis, which was based on 2011-2017 financial statements, was conducted to analyse the profitability, financial balance, capital structure and debt relationships of the wine cooperative. Findings The Sicilian wine cooperative system is still predominantly characterised by partial and vertical integration, implemented by cooperatives which elect to sell mainly bulk wine to wine merchants. In such a context, there is scope for other degrees of integration and strategic inter-firm alliances; the latter includes “vertical quasi-integration”. The study demonstrated how the wine cooperative under investigation is overcoming the structural problems of the regional wine sector and why it is retaining such a strategic alliance with one of the most important Italian wine conglomerates. Indeed, it has acquired greater strength and reliability since its collaboration with the aforementioned wine company. Thus, total revenue and the company’s market share of packaged wine have increased. However, there are still margins for improving sales’ profitability. Research limitations/implications This study has territorial limitations but Sicilian wine cooperatives generally play an important role in the regional, Italian and European wine industries. As such, this research should be considered as an exploratory study, deserving further investigation into different strategic choices within the wine cooperative system by performing cross-case comparisons. Results may also be useful in orienting cooperative strategies in Sicily (or further afield) to small-to-medium wine cooperatives, often lacking specific abilities relating to the distribution, marketing and selling of their wine. Public agricultural policies may also be enlightened by these research pathways. Originality/value The authors contend that their study provides hitherto missing information relating to inter-firm strategic alliances, which wine cooperatives might implement to enhance their competitiveness and survive in the long-run.
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Feng, Taiwen, i Gang Zhao. "Top management support, inter-organizational relationships and external involvement". Industrial Management & Data Systems 114, nr 4 (6.05.2014): 526–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-03-2013-0127.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of top management support (TMS) and inter-organizational relationships (IORs) on external involvement (EI), and their differences across different ownerships. Design/methodology/approach – To test the research hypotheses, structural equation modeling was conducted using data from 176 Chinese manufacturing firms. Findings – TMS enhances relationship with customers and relationship with suppliers. Relationship with customers increases the degree of customer involvement, while relationship with suppliers increases the degree of supplier involvement. In addition, TMS improves customer involvement while does not improve supplier involvement directly. A further analysis reveals that the relationship between TMS and supplier involvement is partially mediated by relationship with suppliers in Chinese-controlled firms, whereas it is completely mediated by relationship with suppliers in foreign-controlled firms. Moreover, the effect of relationship with suppliers on supplier involvement is stronger in foreign-controlled firms than in Chinese-controlled firms. Research limitations/implications – This study employed perceptual data from a single respondent in each firm. In addition, the data used in this study were collected from one side of the dyad: the manufacturers. Practical implications – Both Chinese-controlled and foreign-controlled firms should get support from top management and develop close relationship with customers and suppliers to improve EI. Originality value – This study extends our knowledge in the field by examining how TMS and prior history of IORs can improve the degree of EI.
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Höhler, J., i R. Kühl. "Organisation of German livestock production from the bottom up: a new institutional economic analysis of dairy cattle breeding". Journal on Chain and Network Science 16, nr 1 (14.09.2016): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2014.0005.
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Cooperatives operate in many different parts of the agri-food chain. Animal breeding, as one of these areas, has not yet been subject to intensive research. In the literature, cooperatives are often claimed to produce a lower quality product than comparable investor-owned firms. Is this the case in dairy cattle breeding as well? In order to address this question, we examine the inter- and intra-organisational coordination and structure of the supply chain for cattle breeding in Germany by means of a property rights model. In a short-term perspective, the profit maximisation of the cooperative member follows the model of perfect competition. In addition, we show the existence of a quality coordination problem in breeding associations in the long run. This problem is presumed to be counteracted by the dual system of price-setting which allows the cooperative to provide incentives to its members.
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Najjar, Mohammad, Michael H. Small i Mahmoud M. Yasin. "Social Sustainability Strategy across the Supply Chain: A Conceptual Approach from the Organisational Perspective". Sustainability 12, nr 24 (14.12.2020): 10438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410438.
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Much of the existing literature on the social aspects of sustainability in the supply chain has focused on dyadic buyer-supplier relationships. However, supply chains are much more extensive, featuring multi-tiered systems consisting of many interconnected sequential and parallel dyadic relationships; therefore, a more expansive and holistic approach to exploring the management and integration of social sustainability standards across the extended supply chain is desirable. This research attempts to help fill this void and considers the extent to which a series of sequential upstream and downstream supply chain partners, rather than only a focal organization’s immediate suppliers and buyers, influence the formulation process of the social aspects of a sustainability strategy and the deployment of associated practices across the extended supply chain. Findings in the literature indicate that, inter alia, sustainability efforts in the supply chain are likely to be guided by stakeholders’ sustainability desires/requirements, the geographical location of buyers and suppliers and the associated sustainability enforcement regulations and cultural norms, and the volume of trade between the buyer and supplier. This paper uses the results gleaned from a review of the literature to propose a conceptual framework for selection of sustainability strategy across the multi-tiered supply chain. Finally, we introduce a conceptual approach to the process of implementing and deploying the social aspects of sustainability strategies and practices across the supply chain using an integrated social-sustainability information management system (ISIMS).
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Sholihah, Sita Aniisah, T. M. A. Ari Samadhi, Andi Cakravastia i Senator Nur Bahagia. "Coordination model in Hinterland chain of hub-and-spoke global logistics". Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 11, nr 4 (23.11.2018): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jiem.2538.
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Purpose: The purpose of this research is to develop an inter-organizational model of coordination in hinterland chain of hub-and-spoke in global logistics, where dryport works as a spoke and seaport as a hub.Design/methodology/approach: The model built will define a conceptual model in order to coordinate several actors involved in handling the flow of goods and the flow of information (documents) in exporting goods via dryport, where their activities are interdependence. Therefore the first step was to investigate an existing business process of export system via dryport. Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is used to identify bottleneck in existing system and simplify the process. The third step was benchmarking coordination in selected country that have similarity of hinterland characteristics with Indonesia (archipelago country), and exporting agricultural or animal products. After that several alternatives conceptual model of coordination will be proposed, of which the development based on inter-organizational system (IOS) approach. The model is then evaluated by experts to choose the best conceptual model of coordination that suits the real system, especially in Indonesia. The choosen model then being validated by developing simulation using agent-based approach and discrete-event simulation.Findings: The findings of this research is coordination mechanism in export process. There are two basic mechanisms in document preparation, three basic mechanisms in quarantine inspection, and three basic mechanisms in inland transportation and handling. The proposed model using a single connection and single submission to handling coordination among actors.Originality/value: The paper provide coordination of inter-organizational system among involved actors in handling physical flow of goods and flow of information (documents) in arranging exporting goods via dryport (hub-and-spoke typology). Moreover, scope of research is hinterland (outside seaport) with coordination that considering flow of information in hub-and-spoke concept was rarely done by other researchers.
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Yew, Eeu Tien, Wan Ming Hua, Poh Sum Wong, Nur Amanina Mat Jan, Zuhairi Ibrahim i Rosli Hussin. "Structural Study of Antimony Borate Glass System Doped with Transition Metal Ions Using Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy". Advanced Materials Research 501 (kwiecień 2012): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.501.51.
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A series of Antimony Borate glass samples were investigated to determine the structural feature. The glass samples from the series of xSb2O3:(1-x)B2O3 with composition of 20≤x≤60 mol% and 0.6 Sb2O3:0.4B2O3:y with y is 0.01 mol% of Nb2O5, CuO, ZnO system have been prepared using melt-quenching technique. The structural properties of Sb2O3 host and the introduction of dopents onto the host sample has been investigated using Infrared and RAMAN Spectroscopy. The result of IR and Raman Spectroscopy revealed that the network structure of the studied glasses is mainly based on BO3 and BO4 units placed in different structural groups, the BO3 units being dominant. IR spectra obtained shows conversion of BO3 to BO4 units upon the introduction of Sb2O3 commonly known as boron anomaly effect. The glass network can be modified with the presence of Sb2O3 and activator ions. The significant behavior in Raman Spectra indicates the presence of boroxol groups consisting of pure BO3 groups and mixed BO3-BO4 structural units. This study shows that the vibrational spectroscopy (Infrared and Raman) provide useful method, and inter-complementary information about the structural properties of antimony modified borate glasses.
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Ahmed, Anam, Maria E. T. C. van den Muijsenbergh, Janne C. Mewes, Walter P. Wodchis i Hubertus J. M. Vrijhoef. "Untangling the inter-relatedness within integrated care programmes for community-dwelling frail older people: a rapid realist review". BMJ Open 11, nr 4 (kwiecień 2021): e043280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043280.
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ObjectiveTo identify the relationships between the context in which integrated care programmes (ICPs) for community-dwelling frail older people are applied, the mechanisms by which the programmes do (not) work and the outcomes resulting from this interaction by establishing a programme theory.DesignRapid realist review.Inclusion criteriaReviews and meta-analyses (January 2013–January 2019) and non-peer-reviewed literature (January 2013–December 2019) reporting on integrated care for community-dwelling frail older people (≥60 years).AnalysisSelection and appraisal of documents was based on relevance and rigour according to the Realist And Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards criteria. Data on context, mechanisms, programme activities and outcomes were extracted. Factors were categorised into the five strategies of the WHO framework of integrated people-centred health services (IPCHS).Results27 papers were included. The following programme theory was developed: it is essential to establish multidisciplinary teams of competent healthcare providers (HCPs) providing person-centred care, closely working together and communicating effectively with other stakeholders. Older people and informal caregivers should be involved in the care process. Financial support, efficient use of information technology and organisational alignment are also essential. ICPs demonstrate positive effects on the functionality of older people, satisfaction of older people, informal caregivers and HCPs, and a delayed placement in a nursing home. Heterogeneous effects were found for hospital-related outcomes, quality of life, healthcare costs and use of healthcare services. The two most prevalent WHO-IPCHS strategies as part of ICPs are ‘creating an enabling environment’, followed by ‘strengthening governance and accountability’.ConclusionCurrently, most ICPs do not address all WHO-IPCHS strategies. In order to optimise ICPs for frail older people the interaction between context items, mechanisms, programme activities and the outcomes should be taken into account from different perspectives (system, organisation, service delivery, HCP and patient).
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Alharbe, Nawaf, i Anthony S. Atkins. "Transforming to a smart hospital system". International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications 12, nr 4 (7.11.2016): 503–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-07-2016-0037.
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Purpose Expert knowledge is an important organisational resource, and organisations need to retain the knowledge learned by experience, which can be shared as part of inter-professional learning. In a healthcare context, radio-frequency identification (RFID) and ZigBee technologies can be used together, to provide real-time information for decision support and to create a secure and reliable smart hospital management information system (SHMIS) that allows the dynamic control of objects and transforms operational processes, while minimising any potential risks to patients and staff. Currently, the RFID technology in Saudi Arabia is being solely used for the monitoring of newborn infants, and some difficulties have been encountered during the different stages of tagging and monitoring. The current system in Medina Maternity and Children’s Hospital (MMCH) uses battery-powered active RFID tags, which are expensive and require routine maintenance. This study aims to discuss the way in which the MMCH in Medina, Saudi Arabia, could be transformed into an SHMIS. Design/methodology/approach The extraordinary growth of RFID and ZigBee technologies has made it possible to identify, locate and track objects in various environments in real time. The RFID technology is a non-contact identification technology that is cheap and reliable but has limited range in the case of passive tags. ZigBee has greater range and lower power consumption, giving more precise location of the object’s movements (0.6 m). Passive RFID when combined with ZigBee technology can be used to improve services provided by healthcare organisations through continuous data collection and supporting real-time decision-making, by applying expert knowledge of domain experts to data produced by communication from electronic and sensor technologies. Findings A prototype object-tracking system using RFID and ZigBee was developed to support the knowledge transformation for knowledge reasoning for decision support (KRDS), and the outcome of this research was validated with domain experts in hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Two feasibility case studies were conducted at MMCH in Saudi Arabia, to evaluate the proposed system. A survey was also conducted to address the requirements at MMCH, and the researcher adopted a range of strategy techniques, including interviews and meetings with staff, and the setting up of communities of practise (CoPs) at the target hospital. Research limitations/implications This paper has investigated the transformation process of an automatic healthcare tracking and monitoring systems for the purpose of developing a smart system in Saudi hospitals. For the scope of the project, the prototype implementation was restricted to a laboratory environment, to demonstrate the proposed proof of concept. The next phase will include conducting a scale up of the system, with implementation and testing done in a real hospital environment. Originality/value This paper proposes a prototype application of an (SHMIS that allows the dynamic control of objects and transforms operational processes, while minimising any potential risks to patients and staff.
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Radha, Devika, Jayasree Anada Bhavan Kumaran i Mayamol Thekkel Raghavan Nair. "Role of local self-governments in control of COVID-19 in Kerala: an exploratory study". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, nr 12 (25.11.2020): 5027. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205180.
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Background: Kerala is one among the Indian states that has incorporated local self-government (LSG) bodies into its public health system. The focus of this research is to study the role of these bodies in the COVID-19 response strategy taken by the state.Methods: Interviews were conducted with the heads of various local self-government bodies in the district of Kannur to collect information on the COVID-19 management role they undertook. The interviews were then transcribed and analysed by adopting the inductive approach to derive themes and conclusions.Results: The interviews reflect that LSGs have undertaken a wide range of initiatives in their COVID-19 response strategy. Organisational capacity, networking with various agencies, community participation, resource mobilization, inter-sectoral coordination, etc. were significant factors in successfully conducting these activities.Conclusions: Managing the pandemic by planning activities at local level has gone a long way in controlling spread of the viral infection in Kerala, during initial phase. The involvement of the local self-government, primarily constituted for legislative and executive purposes, has had a major role in public health activities and positive impact in the health status of the state. This can serve as a model for effective implementation of public health programs as illustrated in the case of COVID-19 pandemic.
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Vyas, Anjana, i Gerhard König. "E-LEARNING IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY, REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (17.06.2016): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b6-45-2016.
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Science and technology are evolving leaps and bounds. The advancements in GI-Science for natural and built environment helps in improving the quality of life. Learning through education and training needs to be at par with those advancements, which plays a vital role in utilization of technology. New technologies that creates new opportunities have enabled Geomatics to broaden the horizon (skills and competencies). Government policies and decisions support the use of geospatial science in various sectors of governance. Mapping, Land management, Urban planning, Environmental planning, Industrialization are some of the areas where the geomatics has become a baseline for decision making at national level. There is a need to bridge the gap between developments in geospatial science and its utilization and implementation. To prepare a framework for standardisation it is important to understand the theories of education and prevailing practices, with articulate goals exploring variety of teaching techniques. <br><br> E-Learning is an erudition practice shaped for facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources through digital and network-enabled technology. It is a shift from traditional education or training to ICT-based flexible and collaborative learning based on the community of learners, academia, professionals, experts and facilitators. Developments in e-learning is focussed on computer assisted learning which has become popular because of its potential for providing more flexible access to content and instruction at any time, from any place (Means et al, 2009). With the advent of the geo-spatial technology, fast development in the software and hardware, the demand for skilled manpower is increasing and the need is for training, education, research and dissemination. It suggests inter-organisational cooperation between academia, industry, government and international collaboration. There is a nascent need to adopt multi-specialisation approach to examine the issues and challenges of research in such a valued topic of education and training in multi-disciplinary areas. Learning involve a change in an individual's knowledge, ability to perform a skill, participate and communicate. There is considerable variation among the theories about the nature of this change. This paper derives from a scientific research grant received from ISPRS, reveals a summary result from assessing various theories and methods of evaluation of learning through education, system and structure of it for GeoInformatics.
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Vyas, Anjana, i Gerhard König. "E-LEARNING IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY, REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (17.06.2016): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b6-45-2016.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Science and technology are evolving leaps and bounds. The advancements in GI-Science for natural and built environment helps in improving the quality of life. Learning through education and training needs to be at par with those advancements, which plays a vital role in utilization of technology. New technologies that creates new opportunities have enabled Geomatics to broaden the horizon (skills and competencies). Government policies and decisions support the use of geospatial science in various sectors of governance. Mapping, Land management, Urban planning, Environmental planning, Industrialization are some of the areas where the geomatics has become a baseline for decision making at national level. There is a need to bridge the gap between developments in geospatial science and its utilization and implementation. To prepare a framework for standardisation it is important to understand the theories of education and prevailing practices, with articulate goals exploring variety of teaching techniques. <br><br> E-Learning is an erudition practice shaped for facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources through digital and network-enabled technology. It is a shift from traditional education or training to ICT-based flexible and collaborative learning based on the community of learners, academia, professionals, experts and facilitators. Developments in e-learning is focussed on computer assisted learning which has become popular because of its potential for providing more flexible access to content and instruction at any time, from any place (Means et al, 2009). With the advent of the geo-spatial technology, fast development in the software and hardware, the demand for skilled manpower is increasing and the need is for training, education, research and dissemination. It suggests inter-organisational cooperation between academia, industry, government and international collaboration. There is a nascent need to adopt multi-specialisation approach to examine the issues and challenges of research in such a valued topic of education and training in multi-disciplinary areas. Learning involve a change in an individual's knowledge, ability to perform a skill, participate and communicate. There is considerable variation among the theories about the nature of this change. This paper derives from a scientific research grant received from ISPRS, reveals a summary result from assessing various theories and methods of evaluation of learning through education, system and structure of it for GeoInformatics.
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Agwa-Ejon, J., i S. Fore. "Challenges Faced by SMEs in Developing Countries in Implementing Cleaner Production (CP)". Advanced Materials Research 367 (październik 2011): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.367.257.
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Cleaner production (CP) has been widely recognized as a useful approach to mitigate pollutions during industrial production. Small-to Medium-Scale Enterprises (SMEs) contribute immensely to most developing economies and provide a vital source of employment and incomes for many millions of people in developing countries, but there is often disregard for the negative implications on the environment. The aim of the study was to assess barriers to cleaner production implementation in the small scale industries and recommend ways of addressing these. The research focuses upon some of the key environmental issues in the Zimbabwean small-to medium scale industry. An application of CP to two industries, namely the foundry and cement manufacturing industry is highlighted and the challenges faced during the implementation are discussed. A review of literature is also carried out to relate the challenges to other countries in order to have a global view and ascertain common inter-phases and the possibility of common solutions in the developing world. It was discovered that in the absence of external motivators, such as government regulation and community pressure, SMEs are less likely to adopt rapid advances in environmental performance. Lack of information also impacts negatively on efforts to inculcate a culture of environmental conscious manufacturing. There is a great need to actively inform the SMEs enterprises on the merits and demerits of not employing environmentally friendly methods of production. The other big barrier is the lack of expertise to champion the implementation of a companywide CP programme. Changes in systems and technology may also make certain employees obsolete, and therefore induce organisational structural protection of the existing system.
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Chen, T. R., i P. L. Urban. "Mass spectrometry-guided refinement of chemical energy buffers". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 472, nr 2190 (czerwiec 2016): 20150812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2015.0812.
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Biocatalytic reactions often require supplying chemical energy and phosphate groups in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Auxiliary enzymes can be used to convert a reaction by-product—adenosine diphosphate (ADP)—back to ATP. By employing real-time mass spectrometry (RTMS), one can gain an insight into inter-conversions of reactants in multi-enzyme reaction systems and optimize the reaction conditions. In this study, temporal traces of ions corresponding to adenosine monophosphate (AMP), ADP and ATP provided vital information that could be used to adjust activities of the ‘buffering enzymes’. Using the RTMS results as a feedback, we also characterized a bienzymatic energy buffer that enables the recovery of ATP in the cases where it is directly hydrolysed to AMP in the main enzymatic reaction. The significance of careful selection of enzyme activities—guided by RTMS—is exemplified in the synthesis of glucose-6-phosphate by hexokinase in the presence of a buffering enzyme, pyruvate kinase. Relative activities of the two enzymes, present in the reaction mixture, influence biosynthetic reaction yields. This observation supports the conclusion that optimization of chemical energy recycling procedures is critical for the biosynthetic reaction economy.
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Shatska, Zorina Ya. "Enterprise integration models: Advantages and challenges of implementation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic". Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics» 8, nr 2 (24.06.2021): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.17-24.
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The relevance of the study of the choice of enterprise integration model is related to the need to solve various problems faced by Ukrainian enterprises in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, including: reduction in profitability, reduction in investment, increase in the level of costs for ensuring the protection and safety of employees, the transition to environmental and savings production, and others. The purpose of the study is to analyse the existing Ukrainian and foreign business models based on synergy and integration, which allows creating a business structure. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is general scientific and specific methods used to solve the problem of operation, integration, and development of enterprises in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper summarises the problems faced by Ukrainian enterprises amid the COVID-19 pandemic. It is proposed as one of the ways out of the crisis of Ukrainian enterprises after the COVID-19 pandemic, the transition to business models based on synergy and integration with the formation of a business structure. For this purpose, Ukrainian and foreign models of creating business structures based on synergy and integration are summarised. The following models developed by Ukrainian researchers are identified: the model of a horizontally integrated business structure; the model of a vertically integrated business structure; the model of a globally integrated business structure; the model of a conglomerate-integrated business structure. The following models developed by foreign researchers are also summarised: a model for quantifying the impact of enterprise integration on the results of its activities; an information model; a model for designing and implementing an integrated enterprise system; a “three-lens” model; a business case model; a model for inter- and intra-organisational cooperation
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Liu, Yaru, i Shenquan Liu. "Firing patterns of the CA1 pyramidal neuron with geometric singular perturbation: a model study". International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, nr 32 (17.11.2020): 2050316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220503166.
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An investigation of CA1 pyramidal model is an important issue for applications, which is intimately related to the composition of ions in the extracellular environment and external stimulation. In this paper, it is demonstrated that the effects of different electrophysiological parameters such as muscarinic-sensitive potassium current activation variable and sustained sodium current inactivation variable on the firing sequence of model by numerical simulations. Furthermore, the paper also discusses that the temperature affects the firing of the CA1 model from direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) stimuli. It is found that the model exhibits excellent spiking and bursting patterns, even chaotic patterns occur. Meanwhile, generalized mixed oscillations emerge in the model. Additionally, the firing modes are depicted by providing the response curve (RC), inter-spike interval curve (ISI), phase diagram curve (PDC) and the number of spikes per burst curve (NC). Mathematically, the paper elaborates the results which are presented to obtain two lower dimensional subsystems, which govern the fast and slow dynamics for giving insight into the dynamic behaviors of the full 5D system based on the geometric singular perturbation theory (GSPT). Particularly, we analyse the phase diagrams of the CA1 model to understand the properties better. The present results may contribute to further understand the information processing of the CA1 pyramidal neurons.
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Apridianto, Angga, Kodrat Iman Satoto i Ike Pertiwi Windasari. "Aplikasi Keliling Nusantara Edisi Sumatera Berbasis Android dan iOS". Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 3, nr 3 (20.08.2015): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.3.3.2015.362-369.
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Diversity of art and culture in Indonesia should be preserved so as not to become extinct in the face of times so that it can be passed on to generations to come. Many of the people of Indonesia who forget about the culture to identity of the area because of several factors such as the people of indonesia more interested of the western culture than self culture, the region of Indonesia which large also cause people’s reluctance to learn because of constrained of time, distance and cost as well as limitations of the media information about the art and culture that currently can only be learned through pictures and visit the location of art and culture directly make the introduction of art and culture to people of indonesia not yet optimal. Therefore required a media so that people can learn more about the wealth of art and culture without having to visit directly into the location of the arts and cultures its. “Keliling Nusantara Edisi Sumatra” application that was built can be the way to preserve the national culture. The function of this application as a learning media for recognize the diversity of arts and cultures of Indonesia on the island of Sumatra. This application is built using Mobione Studio and running on Android and iOS devices. The application is made using the UCD (User Centered Design) which has been mapped to multimedia development methods by Luther from the stage specify the context of use and specify the users and organisational requirements are mapped into the concept, the stage produce design solutions are mapped into the design, production and collecting material as wellas the evaluate design againts the user requirements are mapped into the stage of testing and distribution. The results produced an application based on Android and iOS contains folks song and lyrics and sound, traditional dress, traditional homes, custom traditions, traditional weapons, traditional dance, tradition musical instrument, the symbol of the region, the anniversaries, the name of the capital city, location, area and amount of population and the flora and fauna typical area on the island of Sumatra. The application goes well on the Android operating system version 2.2-4.X and iOS version 5-7 correspond with the functionality, specification and design of desired.
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Wang, Bill, Yuanfei Kang, Paul Childerhouse i Baofeng Huo. "Service supply chain integration: the role of interpersonal relationships". Industrial Management & Data Systems 118, nr 4 (14.05.2018): 828–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-02-2017-0062.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of interpersonal relationships (IPRs) in service supply chain integration (SSCI) in terms of strategic alliance, information integration, and process integration. Design/methodology/approach The research employs an exploratory/investigational approach to multiple case studies and empirically investigates effects of IPRs in SSCI. The data were mainly collected through semi-structured interviews with senior management staff from four service companies and their suppliers or customers in New Zealand. Archival data from the Internet and company documentations were also applied. Findings The authors find that three dimensions of IPRs influence SSCI in different ways. The effect of IPRs on SSCI is indirect: personal affection acts as an initiator, and personal credibility works as a “gate-keeper” and strengthens the confidence of interactive partners, while personal communication, a facilitator, plays a more important role in SSCI than personal affection and credibility. Practical implications The research provides managers in service supply chains the awareness of the importance of IPRs, as well as the characteristics of IPRs, in order to best utilize available resources. Managers should synergize all three dimensions of IPRs’ resources: make efforts to cultivate personal affection to avoid the instinctive isolation modern technology brings; attempt to accumulate positive personal credibility profiles; focus more on the role of personal communication and retain physical contact in SSCI processes. Originality/value This study contributes to SSCI literature by extending from the inter-organizational relationships (IORs) to interpersonal level relationships to explore the inner influence mechanism. Also, it explores the role of IPRs on all three dimensions of SSCI simultaneously rather than individual dimensions independently. Finally, it contributes to resource orchestration theory (ROT) by synthesizing three dimensions of IPRs resources, and IORs resources in order to achieve capabilities of SSCI. The study develops the individual-level research in supply chain integration (SCI) to a further depth.
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Saha, Sajal K., David C. M. Kong, Karin Thursky i Danielle Mazza. "Divergent and Convergent Attitudes and Views of General Practitioners and Community Pharmacists to Collaboratively Implement Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Australia: A Nationwide Study". Antibiotics 10, nr 1 (5.01.2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10010047.
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Setting up an interprofessional team for antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) to improve the quality and safety of antimicrobial use in primary care is essential but challenging. This study aimed to investigate the convergent and divergent attitudes and views of general practitioners (GPs) and community pharmacists (CPs) about AMS implementation and their perceived challenges of collaboration to design a GP–pharmacist collaborative AMS (GPPAS) model. Nationwide surveys of GPs and CPs across Australia were conducted January-October 2019. Chi square statistics and a theoretical framework were used for comparative analyses of quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. In total, 999 participants responded to the surveys with 15.4% (n = 386) response rates for GPs and 30.7% (n = 613) for CPs. GPs and CPs were aware about AMS however their interprofessional perceptions varied to the benefits of AMS programs. CPs indicated that they would need AMS training; significantly higher than GPs (GP vs. CP; 46.4% vs. 76.5%; p < 0.0001). GPs’ use of the Therapeutic Guideline Antibiotic was much higher than CPs (83.2% vs. 45.5%; p < 0.0001). No interprofessional difference was found in the very-limited use of patient information leaflets (p < 0.1162) and point-of-care tests (p < 0.7848). While CPs were more willing (p < 0.0001) to collaborate with GPs, both groups were convergent in views that policies that support GP–CP collaboration are needed to implement GPPAS strategies. GP–pharmacist collaborative group meetings (54.9% vs. 82.5%) and antimicrobial audit (46.1% vs. 86.5%) models were inter-professionally supported to optimise antimicrobial therapy, but an attitudinal divergence was significant (p < 0.001). The challenges towards GP–CP collaboration in AMS were identified by both at personal, logistical and organisational environment level. There are opportunities for GP–CP collaboration to improve AMS in Australian primary care. However, strengthening GP–pharmacy collaborative system structure and practice agreements is a priority to improve interprofessional trust, competencies, and communications for AMS and to establish a GPPAS model in future.
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Schellhammer, Stefan, i Stefan Klein. "Accounting for Stability and Path Dependency in Inter-Organisational Information Systems (IOIS)". SSRN Electronic Journal, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1382922.
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Parker, Craig M., Wahyudi Agustiono, Rodney Carr i Dilal Saundage. "Conceptualising the relationship types and attributes that enable stakeholders to recruit SME farmer users into IS design". Australasian Journal of Information Systems 23 (18.11.2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3127/ajis.v23i0.1943.
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It can be difficult for organisations which develop an information system (IS) for use by many small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to recruit SME personnel during IS design. The paper addresses this problem by exploring the nature of relationships that organisational stakeholders can use to recruit SME personnel during IS design, which has received little attention in the literature. We present an interpretive, revelatory case study of the insights from managers and field officers who recruited SME farmers during the design of an inter-organisational IS. We identified three relationship types, based on an existing framework in the literature derived from stakeholder theory: between managers of organisations; between managers and field officers; and between field officers and farmers. We extend this framework by incorporating relationship attributes based on social capital concepts: ties, shared cognition, structure, homophily and bridging capital. We found that the complex interplay of the three relationship types, and the degree of strength of the social capital attributes of these relationships, help explain how farmers were recruited into, or were discouraged from participating in, a lengthy IS design process.
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Kreuzer, Stanislav, Friedrich Born i Steffen Bernius. "Who Needs to be Informed? – Empirical Results From a Field Experiment on The Adoption of IOIS Among SMEs". Australasian Journal of Information Systems 19 (21.10.2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.3127/ajis.v19i0.1041.
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Inter-organizational information systems (IOIS) play a critical role in today’s organizations and their relationships with business partners. While large organizations already began utilizing IOIS at the outset, small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) have subsequently been reluctant to adopt and use IOIS. As such systems are subject to high network effects, a firm thus has to reach out especially to its SME partners to achieve a critical mass of adopters among them. Prior research agrees that the provision of support in terms of circumstantial information and expertise can influence organizational adoption decisions. However, research in this direction has remained inconclusive. This study conducts a controlled field experiment at the organizational level to investigate the provision of support as a non-coercive persuasion strategy to foster the adoption of IOIS among 203 SME business partners of a large German organization. A cluster analysis is further conducted to identify distinct clusters of IOIS adopters showing significantly different adoption rates that result from informing them as a strategy. The results first offer evidence for the importance of informing SMEs as a viable strategy to foster IOIS adoption among them. Furthermore, the results provide empirical evidence for the presence of particular arrangements of characteristics describing the strategy and structure of analyzed organizations that ultimately interact with the effect of the provision of support as a persuasion strategy.