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Alghwiri, Alaa Ali. "INTELLIGENT PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM PLATFORM IN A UNIVERSITY SETTING". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1543919012077744.
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Sciandra, Vincent. "Toward unifying on-board intelligent transportation systems architecture in public transports". Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1097/document.
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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans une démarche Européenne de recherche sous l'égide du projet European Bus System of the Futur (EBSF). Ce projet vise à définir le bus de demain et de préparer son architecture embarquée, aux systèmes de transport intelligents (STI) critiques ou de divertissement, de plus en plus présents dans les véhicules. Les systèmes autrefois hétérogènes et autonomes, devrons à l'avenir communiquer sur une architecture orientée service (SOA) unique. L'objectif est d'optimiser le fonctionnement de l'architecture dans son ensemble grâce à des protocoles de communication ouverts et standards. C'est à partir de cette base, à laquelle nous avons activement apportée notre contribution, que notre thèse s'appuie. Le dimensionnement et la validation de ces architectures sont restés des éléments sans réponse à la suite du projet EBSF. Cette thèse présente premièrement une méthode dimensionnement des architectures STI basée sur les méthodes de décision multi-critères. Nous nous basons sur une étude poussée des besoins opérationnels collectés tout au long de la thèse. Dans un deuxième temps, nous adaptons le modèle de Criticité Mixte, définit dans le domaine du temps réel, aux flux de communication entre le véhicule et l'infrastructure. Enfin nous présentons les travaux réalisés dans le cadre de la standardisation européenne afin de promouvoir ce type d'architecture et les travaux de cette thèseIntelligent Transportation systems (ITS) are massively used in the Public Transport sector since the Two decades. This profusion of systems on-board and off-board vehicles generates inter-operability issues. The growth of urban zones and the increase of public transport attractiveness, brought multi-modal constraints that are today limited due to a lack of architecture vision embracing all ITS. This thesis proposes to unify the architecture vision of on-board ITS. We based our technical architecture on the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) proposed in the European Bus System of the Future (EBSF) project, in which this thesis actively contributed. We study first the global requirements of different transportation modes operated in Europe. Those requirements are a basis to the definition of technical constraints of a global architecture. Those constraints are ranked in terms of importance using a proposed method based on Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques. The method that we propose permits to size the technical architecture. We then study the flow management of data, considering the context of operation of vehicles and the criticality of ITS applications. We propose to adapt the Real-time Mixed-Criticality model to communication systems on-board the vehicles. We apply this method on a communication gateway of a bus, through its journey. Finally we present the work done at the standardization level (CEN) in order promote the global architecture vision presented in the thesis
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King, Jeff. "Requirements for a Nationwide Intermodal Trip Planner in the US". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34774.
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Presently, the United States has yet to achieve the 1991 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Actâ s (ISTEA) goal of creating a seamless intermodal transportation system. In addition to the dearth of connections, the nationâ s poor transportation information systems limit intercity intermodal transportation. Travelers lack awareness of available transportation options and face too many separate portals for trip planning that both consume time and present inadequate information.
This paper posits that the creation of an efficient and extensive web-based door-to-door intermodal trip planner can solve these problems. The proposed system will present travelers with a single portal to meet all their trip planning needs. Upon selecting specific trips, travelers can then decide to be directed to operators to make a purchase. The system will include operators from the major modal groups including intercity buses, intercity rail, commuter rail, transit, and airlines. It will also include taxis due to the disjointed nature of the US public transportation system and the need to connect users who are far from stations.
The requirements to create this trip planner are explored, including the support systems, potential legal issues, and suitable entities for administration and management. A survey of 39 transportation system users revealed the existence of redundant and inadequate trip planners and that the lack of sufficient information on public transportation options is driving travelers to private vehicles for shorter distances even for those who prefer public means of transportation. Analysis of the costs and benefits of implementing the proposed system is drawn from interviews with key personnel within the transportation industry, and a review of nationwide trip planners in European countries. Finally, a roadmap is presented on how best to implement the system with inputs from both the public and private sector. Recommendations include the establishment of an industry-wide data standard, a national interagency database, and a cooperative structure that entices major players within each mode to participate in the system. Also suggested are incentives from the DOT and interested private sector members to encourage more operators to participate in the system.Master of Science
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Chun, Jae Seung. "Efficiency of the evolution paths for space transportation system (STS) technology : a qualitative analysis". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/CHUN_Jae_Seung_2005.pdf.
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Cette étude vise à analyser les facteurs à l'origine des problèmes rencontrés par les programmes américains de développement de lanceurs réutilisables (Reusable Launch Vehicles – RLV), en évaluant la plausibilité des sentiers d'évolution technologique. Afin d'arbitrer entre les sentiers, nous construisons dans un premier temps l'ensemble des sentiers évolutionnaires physiquement possibles, tels que déterminés par les facteurs purement endogènes. Nous avons dans un deuxième temps analysé leur plausibilité. Pour mener à bien la première étape nous avons élaboré une nouvelle méthodologie, ' l'Arbre Hiérarchique d'Evolution Hors Facteurs Exogènes ' (AHEHFE). A l'aide de cette méthodologie, nous avons tout d'abord développé un répertoire des options technologiques des lanceurs puis construit l'arbre hiérarchique évolutionnaire à partir des lanceurs répertoriés, en appliquant les règles d'évolution suivantes: le classement d'hérédité des éléments technologiques et le degré de complexification. Pour la deuxième étape, nous avons trié les sentiers évolutionnaires soutenables en appliquant les facteurs exogènes à l'AHEHFE, puis analysé leur plausibilité en fonction de deux critères d'évaluation: le degré de difficulté de l'apprentissage et l'efficience de la création de connaissances et de leur consolidation. Ces deux critères découlent de la nature du domaine des Systèmes de Transport Spatial (STS), domaine intensif en connaissances où la création de connaissances joue un rôle crucial dans le développement de l'industrie tout comme dans la technologie du produit. Notre analyse démontre que l'approche 'bottom up' offre un sentier plus plausible que l'approche 'top down'. Le cas des programmes de développement américains de RLV montre par ailleurs que les programmes orientés mission initiés par le gouvernement sont basés sur l'approche 'top down' alors que deux initiatives privées, le lanceur Pégase et le véhicule suborbital SpaceShipOne relèvent de l'approche ' bottom up'. Cette étude de cas a partiellement confirmé que l'approche 'top down' est moins plausible, au vu de l'échec du développement du X-33 et des coûts d'opération extrêmement élevés de la navette spatiale. En ce qui concerne l'approche 'bottom up', le nombre de programmes de RLV en cours est insuffisant pour fournir les données nécessaires à une analyse satisfaisante permettant de conclure sur la plausibilité de cette approche.
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Dodder, Rebecca Susanne. "Air quality and Intelligent Transportation Systems : understanding Integrated Innovation, Deployment and Adaptation of Public Technologies". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37969.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 454-472).
During the past two decades, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have provided transportation organizations with increasingly advanced tools both to operate and manage systems in real-time. At the same time, federal legislation has been tightening the linkages between state and local transportation investments and metropolitan air quality goals. In this context, ITS seems to represent a case of the potential synergies - or so-called "win-win" outcomes - that could be realized for the dual policy goals of air quality and mobility. If the various public sector organizations responsible for air quality and transportation could cooperate in deploying, assessing and further adapting these new technologies to take advantage of these synergies, they could achieve a "sustainable use" of ITS. However, looking beyond ITS and air quality, these issues point to broader questions of how to appropriately manage technology and its impacts on society, specifically those technologies deployed by the public sector. In particular, how does the public sector innovate and deploy technologies in ways that maximize the benefits, and minimize or avoid the negative impacts? In order to examine this phenomenon, this thesis takes the example of ITS and air quality to develop and test a broader framework of Integrated Innovation, Deployment and Adaptation of Public Technologies (IIDAPT).
(cont.) In this thesis, we define and articulate a framework for IIDAPT, and identify testable conditions that make IIDAPT either more or less likely to occur. We identify seven conditions - based in the literature of political science, organizational theory, and public administration - that should, in theory, influence the ability of public agencies to achieve synergies for multiple policy goals through technology deployment. Having developed a theoretical framework for the conditions that influence IIDAPT, we then test those conditions using five U.S. cities - Los Angeles, Houston, Boston, Orlando, and Tulsa - as case studies in ITS and air quality. We then extend the framework to a non-US case, Mexico City, in order to further test the IIDAPT framework and to identify possible changes at the federal and local level to better align ITS deployments with both mobility and air quality goals in Mexico City. This research explains some interesting outcomes in terms of failures by public sector agencies to take advantage of new, lower cost ITS technologies that can provide multiple benefits for both mobility and air quality. We find that "cheap" solutions, such as ITS rather than conventional infrastructure, are not always in an agency's interests, as defined by the agency.
(cont.) Specifically, we found that lower-cost innovations may compete with an agency's or elected official's priorities for certain categories of investment, by undermining the ability to build up the case for that investment. The overarching conclusion, is that the possibilities for synergies (or "win-win" outcomes) must be defined, not according to the stated policy objectives or mission of the public sector agencies, but according to the underlying interests and agendas of agencies, which may, or may not align with the public interest. We also found that new information on the impacts of new ITS technologies on air quality does not generally lead to adaptation in the application of those technologies either to reduce negative impacts or to provide additional benefits for air quality. Even where evaluations of air quality impacts were required, those assessments were not well integrated into the process of technology deployment and later adaptation in the use of those technologies. Indeed, new information that can change the perception of possible mutual benefits is not always welcomed by agencies, and assessment methodologies will tend to reflect existing agency preferences. However, there were reasons for optimism.
(cont.) We found that in response to an increasingly "severe" air quality problem (as defined by federal regulations), local agencies are in fact experimenting with the use of ITS to achieve air quality benefits as well as mobility benefits. Furthermore, by creating the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) program, a dedicated federal funding source for non-traditional transportation investments (such as ITS) with air quality benefits, agencies were provided with the resources and additional motivation to seek out and deploy ITS technologies with air quality benefits. To conclude this work, we highlight possible areas of future theory development for IIDAPT, and point to additional technology and policy domains where the IIDAPT framework can be applied and tested.
by Rebecca Susanne Dodder.
Ph.D.
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Struwig, Claudia Bernadine. "A stepwise approach towards achieving a multimodal platform within the context of the CoCT’s land transport networks". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80001.
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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The importance of transport should not be underestimated. Transport progresses a person’s quality of life: it connects people to one another and provides access to work, services and recreational opportunities. However, post-apartheid South Africa is unfortunately still faced with a legacy of segregation. While the less-privileged, who mostly live at the fringe of Central Business Districts (CBDs), are captive users of public transport, the private vehicle trend, under the privileged, is becoming more evident. This research project thus proposes that a balanced and integrated sustainable transport system be promoted. That is, one that will aid South Africa in growing and improving its general socio-economical status by providing all its citizens with (equal) access to a balanced transport network. It is believed that, if a multimodal system is promoted, the deficiencies of the current heterogeneous non-integrated systems may be overcome. Therefore, if South Africa’s transport network is augmented with a multimodal platform, the nation will be able to move its citizens effectively and efficiently, without jeopardising the economy, social matters and the environment, today and in the future. Moreover, South Africa will also have the necessary stimulus to utilise the already available resources at its disposal by working together as ‘one’. This research project thus stipulates a (generic) sequential approach needed in achieving an integrated (sustainable) public transport system. The goal of this research project is to create awareness of the benefits that may arise from, and the implementation steps required in obtaining, such a multimodal platform. The focus area for researching the proposition made herein is the City of Cape Town’s (CoCT’s) land transport networks. The City has a management facility, with resultant transport data repository, known as the Transport Management Centre (TMC). This TMC is regarded as one of the finest state of the art facilities in the world and the features thereof offer a sufficient base and point of departure for the promotion of a multimodal transport system. By conducting research in this field, the following portraying aspects, needed for the realisation of the proposition made herein, were found. Firstly, in order to obtain an integrated sustainable transport system, the appropriate Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) need to be integrated. It is believed that, if an intelligent transport scheme, grounded on ITS applications, is advocated, the City will be in the position to more effectively monitor what is going on, to more accurately predict what might happen in the future, and to manage its transport system proactively on an area-wide basis. Secondly, in order to meet the integration requirements imposed by multimodal transport, a centralised database needs to be created. With such a database in place, information sharing across all modes of private- and public land transport, and thus also between the investors or the operators, will be possible. An example of such a database was developed in Microsoft Access and the modes considered therein are: MyCiti, Metrorail and Golden Arrow Bus Service (GABS). The data stored in this database is historic, but the incorporation of real time information was also catered for. Thirdly, it is believed that the success of the City’s transport system, and the development of a multimodal system, is dependent on the provision of an efficient Advanced Traveller Information System (ATIS). The idea is to promote multimodal transport as a convenient transit option by providing travellers with information on journey planning that aims to counteract their reluctance to change. In order to develop such a multimodal Journey Planner (JP), the unimodal networks considered herein were combined into a supernetwork on which Dijkstra’s Shortest Path Algorithm was applied. This algorithm was programmed in Microsoft Excel’s Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and it incorporates the following user criteria: the origin, the destination, the user’s mode preference, and the user’s optimisation preference of either time or distance. In conclusion, it can be argued that, with information becoming such a vital commodity in everyday life, the catering for informed travellers are the key to successful future transport services. If travellers are informed about the transport networks’ performance, a positive attitude is fostered. Moreover, by providing travellers with information on journey planning, their feelings of uncertainty and fear of the unknown, that are present in (especially) public transport services, may be neutralised. This information will give the public carte blanche to make decisions that give them the perception of having more ‘control over their lives’. Therefore, if a multimodal JP that can be accessed from one portal is created, people’s inclination to acquire more information will be met. And as a result, traversing in an integrated manner may become the norm.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die belangrikheid van vervoer mag nie onderskat word nie. Vervoer speel ’n belangrike rol in die bevordering van ’n persoon se lewenskwaliteit: dit verbind mense met mekaar en verskaf toegang tot die werksplek, diensteverskaffers, en vryetydsbesteding. Post-apartheid Suid-Afrika is egter nog steeds vasgevang in ’n nalatenskap van rasseskeiding. Die minderbevoorregtes, wat meestal aan die buitewyke van die stad woon, is geforseerde gebruikers van openbare vervoer, terwyl die neiging (onder die bevoorregtes) om privaatvoertuie te gebruik, aan die toeneem is. Hierdie navorsingsprojek beveel dus aan dat ’n gebalanseerde, geïntegreerde en volhoubare vervoerstelsel bevorder moet word. ’n Sodanige stelsel sal help om die sosio-ekonomiese status van Suid-Afrika te bevorder. Dít kan net bereik word as alle landsburgers gelyke toegang tot ’n gebalanseeerde vervoernetwerk het. As ’n multimode-stelsel dus bevorder word, kan die tekortkominge van die huidige heterogene, nie-geïntegreerde stelsels oorkom word. Indien Suid-Afrika se vervoernetwerk ’n multimodale platform het, kan die landsburgers effektief en doeltreffend vervoer word sonder om die ekonomie, sosiale aangeleenthede of omgewing, tans en in die toekoms, in gedrang in te bring. Suid-Afrika sal boonop, met so ’n platform in plek, ook die nodige stimulus hê om die bestaande hulpbronne optimaal te gebruik. Hierdie navorsingsprojek verskaf ’n (generiese) in-volgorde-benadering om ’n volhoubare, geïntegreerde openbare vervoerstelsel daar te stel. Die doel is om bewustheid van die voordele wat uit ’n multimodale platform spruit, sowel as die nodige stappe vir die uitvoering daarvan, te kweek. Die fokusarea van die navorsing is die Stad van Kaapstad se land-vervoernetwerke. Die Stad het ’n beheerfasiliteit waar vervoerdata versamel word. Dit staan bekend as die vervoer-beheersentrum (TMC: Transport Management Centre). Hierdie fasiliteit word as toonaangewend in die wêreld beskou. Die kenmerkende eienskappe van hierdie fasiliteit bied verder ook ’n goeie vertrekpunt vir die bevordering van ’n multimodale stelsel. Die navorsing in hierdie veld het die volgende bydraende faktore, wat benodig word om die voorstelling te realiseer, geïdentifiseer. In die eerste plek moet die intelligente vervoerstelsels (ITS: Intelligent Transport Systems) geïntegreer word om ’n geïntegreerde volhoubare vervoerstelsel daar te stel. Indien ’n intelligente vervoerskema, gebaseer op tegnologiese inisiatiewe, aangemoedig word, sal die Stad van Kaapstad in die posisie wees om sy vervoerstelsel pro-aktief te bestuur deur meer effektief te monitor wat aangaan en meer akkuraat te voorspel wat in die toekoms mag gebeur. Tweedens moet daar ’n gesentraliseerde databasis geskep word. Met hierdie databasis sal die nodige integrasievereistes vir ’n multimodale vervoerstelsel, bereik word. Inligting kan dan gedeel word tussen privaat- en openbare landvervoer, asook tussen die beleggers en die operateurs van die verskillende vervoermodusse. ’n Voorbeeld van so ’n databasis is in Microsoft Access geskep en die modusse wat deel daarvan uitmaak, is: MyCiti, Metrorail en Golden Arrow Bus Services (GABS). Die data wat hierin vervat is, is histories, maar daar is vir intydse inligting voorsiening gemaak. In die derde plek is die sukses van die Stad van Kaapstad se vervoerstelsel en die ontwikkeling van ’n multimodale stelsel afhanklik van die daarstelling van ’n effektiewe, gevorderde inligtingsstelsel vir pendelaars (ATIS: Advanced Traveller Information Systems). Die idee is om ’n multimodale vervoerstelsel as ’n gerieflike opsie onder pendelaars te bevorder. Dit kan bereik word deur inligting rakende reisbeplanning aan pendelaars daar te stel. Met die verkryging van sodanige kennis sal die pendelaar se weerstand teen verandering ook afneem. Om so ’n multimodale reisbeplanner (JP: Journey Planner) te ontwikkel, is die eenmodaal-netwerke gekombineer om ’n supernetwerk te skep. Dijkstra se algoritme is op die supernetwerk toegepas. Die algoritme is in Microsoft Excel se VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) geprogrammeer en dit bevat die volgende gebruikerskriteria, nl. die begin- en eindpunt, die gebruiker se modes-voorkeur en die gebruiker se gekose optimeringsvoorkeur van tyd of afstand. Ten slotte kan gesê word dat inligting ’n groot rol in die mens se daaglikse lewe en aktiwiteite speel. Daar kan dus geredeneer word dat die sleutel tot suksesvolle vervoerdienste daarin lê om vir ingeligte pendelaars voorsiening te maak. As pendelaars ingelig is oor die stand van die vervoernetwerk maak dit hul houding meer positief. Verder, as pendelaars ook inligting oor reisbeplanning het, kan dit hul gevoel van onsekerheid en vrees jeens (veral) openbare vervoer teenwerk. Met al hierdie inligting tot sy beskikking kan ’n persoon dus sy eie keuses maak en dit lei daartoe dat die persoon meer in beheer voel. As ’n multimodale JP geskep word, voed dit die mens se begeerte vir meer inligting. En met ’n sodanige JP in plek, kan geïntegreerde pendel moontlik die norm word.
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Reed, Landon T. "Real-time transit passenger information: a case study in standards development". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50218.
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As the transportation sector fully integrates information technology, transit agencies face decisions that expose them to new technologies, relationships and risks. Accompanying a rise in transit-related web and mobile applications, a set of competing real-time transit data standards from both public and private organizations have emerged. The purpose of this research is to understand the standard-setting processes for these data standards and the forces that move the transit industry towards the widespread adoption of a data standard. This project will analyze through case studies and interviews with members of standard-setting organizations the development of three real-time transit data standards: (1) the development of the General Transit Feed Specification Realtime (GTFS-realtime), (2) the Service Interface for Real Time Information (SIRI), and (3) Transit Communications Interface Profiles (TCIP). The expected outcome of this research is an assessment of federal policy on standards development as well as an analysis of current and future trends in this sector—both technical and institutional. The results will inform federal transit policy and future action in standards-setting and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) requirements, identifying the potential catalysts that will increase the effectiveness of federal- and agency-level programs.
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Lee, Jennifer Ann. "Evaluating ITS Investments in Public Transportation: A Proposed Framework and Plan for the OmniLink Route Deviation Service". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34416.
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When implementing an intelligent transportation system (ITS), stakeholders often overlook the importance of evaluating the system once it is in place. Determining the extent to which the objectives of an investment have been met is important to not only the agency involved, but also to other agencies, so that lessons are learned and mistakes are not repeated in future projects. An effective evaluation allows a transit provider to identify and address areas that could use improvement. Agencies implementing ITS investments often have different goals, needs, and concerns that they hope their project will address and consequently the development of a generic evaluation plan is difficult to develop. While it is recognized that the U.S. Department of Transportation has developed guidelines to aid agencies in evaluating such investments, this research is intended to complement these guidelines by assisting in the evaluation of a site specific ITS investment. It presents an evaluation framework and plan that provides a systematic method for assessing the potential impacts associated with the project by defining objectives, measures, analysis recommendations, and data requirements. The framework developed specifically addresses the ITS investment on the OmniLink local route deviation bus service in Prince William County, Virginia, but could be used as a basis for the evaluation of similar ITS investments. The OmniLink ITS investment includes an automatic vehicle location (AVL) system, mobile data terminals (MDTs), and computer-aided dispatch (CAD) technology.Master of Science
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Mendoza, Francis, Mayling Tong, Manuel Silvera i Fernando Campos. "Microsimulation of Public Transport Stops for the Optimization of Waiting Times for Users Using the Social Force Model". Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653780.
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Cities in the world aim to ensure the mobility of people, through the implementation of efficient Integrated Transportation Systems (ITS). This aims to improve the transport of people, which guarantees that they can be mobilized safely and without delays in the terminals and bus stops of the public transport system. The present article proposes a design of public transport stops aimed at optimizing the waiting time of users when transferring from one bus to another. For the validity of the proposal, the social force model of the Vissim program was used, where the behavior of the users within the bus stops was reflected. The results showed that the waiting times in the calibrated and validated microsimulation model were optimized by approximately 20%, which generates an improvement in the efficiency of the public transport system.
Revisión por pares
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Varandas, Marcus Vinicius Delgado. "Avaliação do uso e eficácia da Tecnologia da Informação no Sistema de Transporte Público". Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5512.
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Previous issue date: 2012-12-05Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The Public Transportation Systems provides modern technology able to improve operation performance , comfort and safety for the costumers. This work intends to study the uses of Information Technology, its application and results as subsidy for planning and management of public transportation of passangers, predominantly fulfilled by bus. The basic hypothesis of this work is that the technological resources available are not used or are used inadequately by the managers and operators of the public transportation. The work invastigates what is known by quality on public transportation in literature and how it is conceived by the agents envolved: costumers, operators, managers and the community in general. This works shows, still, the basic concepts of Intelligent Transportation Systems, and the details and analysis of applications on public transportation, in special those regarding resources in Information Technology. The details of a survey that aimed to identify which technological resources are used by the organ managers of public transportation, in many city in Brazil, and that should be able to turn in improvements of quality of the system, completed the work. The result of this survey indicated that, even though there is a range of technologies available, the use of this potential is very small, and contributes little for the improvements of quality of the public transportation.
Os sistemas de transportes públicos dispõem de modernas tecnologias capazes de melhorar o desempenho da operação, o conforto e a segurança dos usuários. Este trabalho pretende estudar o problema do uso da Tecnologia da Informação, sua aplicação, e seus resultados como subsídio para o gerenciamento e planejamento do transporte público de passageiros, predominantemente realizado por ônibus. A hipótese básica do presente trabalho é de que os recursos tecnológicos disponíveis não são utilizados, ou são utilizados inadequadamente, pelos gestores e operadores do transporte público. O trabalho investiga o que se entende por qualidade no transporte público na literatura, e como é percebida pelos agentes envolvidos: usuários, operadores, gestores e a comunidade em geral. O trabalho apresenta, ainda, os conceitos básicos dos Sistemas Inteligentes de Transportes, e os detalhamentos e análises das aplicações no transporte público, em especial os referentes aos recursos da Tecnologia da Informação. O detalhamento de uma pesquisa que visou identificar quais os recursos tecnológicos são utilizados pelos órgãos gestores do transporte público, em diversas cidades do Brasil, e que pudessem se traduzir em melhorias da qualidade do sistema, completaram o trabalho. O resultado da pesquisa indicou que, embora exista uma gama de tecnologias disponíveis, a utilização desse potencial é muito pequeno, e pouco contribuem para a melhoria da qualidade do transporte público.
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Marais, Andre Louis. "Developing an alternative approach to mode choice modelling with the application of modelling Gautrain patronage". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86475.
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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Mode choice modelling is an important and versatile tool that can aid decision makers with transit related strategies and scenario planning. The traditional approach to modelling public transport is labour intensive and requires many resources. The expensive nature of developing mode choice models can also act as a deterrent for developing a model. Not having access to a functional mode choice model can force decision makers to make important decisions without having access to proper information. There is therefore a need to provide a simplified solution for developing a functional mode choice model that can be developed and maintained with fewer resources. This research project explores the possibility of developing a simplified alternative approach to public transport modelling that can model mode choice behaviour with the same degree of accuracy as traditional models. The modelling steps employed in this research project were the typical four step demand modelling approach, but the principles employed differ slightly. The focus area of this research project is the development of simplified utility functions and the calibration thereof. Typical mode choice models coincide with many assumptions, variations and uncertainties. In this research project the proposed utility functions are simplified by incorporating most of the assumptions and intangible components of the utility function into a single station to station specific calibration factor. The hypothesis is that a simplified alternative approach to the utility functions can still provide a model that is purpose built and functional. The application of the proposed mode choice model is to model the mode choice between the Gautrain and private vehicles as the major mode of transport.
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Ferreira, Mauricio Lima. "Automação de metodologia para avaliação da demanda de passageiros para transportes públicos na mobilidade urbana por meio da tecnologia RFID". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-18072016-081932/.
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Esta dissertação propõe um modelo tecnológico de automação para realização de pesquisas no setor do transporte público, com o objetivo de contribuir para o aprimoramento da coleta de dados, avaliação e manutenção da qualidade dos serviços prestados à população. O trabalho justifica-se pela necessidade de superação de lacunas existentes para obtenção de informações, o que repercute na gestão do sistema de transporte público como um todo. Devido à relevância crescente do tema da mobilidade urbana e os impactos que provoca na qualidade de vida das pessoas, o objeto de estudo escolhido foram os deslocamentos dos passageiros por meio do uso de ônibus na cidade de São Paulo. O modelo proposto integra a tecnologia de identificação por radiofrequência (RFID - Radio Frequency IDentification), em cartões inteligentes, utilizados atualmente para pagar a tarifa, com tecnologias de rastreamento da frota, que, por meio de GPS (Global Position Systems), fornecem informações sobre os locais de circulação dos ônibus. Os resultados obtidos mostram que esta integração pode resolver os problemas da falta de precisão no levantamento de dados sobre os locais onde são iniciadas e finalizadas as viagens de passageiros, bem como tornar sistemáticos os levantamentos de tais dados, sem necessidade de pesquisas manuais, o que representa economia de recursos. Constitui uma proposta inovadora com grande utilidade para ampliar as condições que favorecem a mobilidade urbana e é convergente no desenvolvimento de cidades inteligentes.This dissertation proposes a technological model for automation for conducting surveys in the public transport sector, in order to contribute to the improvement of data collection, evaluation and maintenance of quality of services rendered to the population. The work is justified by the need to overcome gaps for obtaining information, which affects the management of the public transport system as a whole. Due to the increasing relevance of the issue of urban mobility and its impact on quality of life, the chosen object of study were the passenger movements through the bus use in the city of São Paulo. The proposed model integrates the radio frequency identification technology - RFID, on smart cards currently used to pay the fare, with fleet tracking technologies, which, through GPS (Global Position Systems), provide information on the bus traffic locations. The results show that this integration can solve the problems of lack of precision in data about where passenger trips are initiated and completed as well as make systematic withdrawals of such data without the need for manual searches, saving features. It is an innovative proposal with great use to expand the conditions that improve urban mobility and is convergent to the development of smart cities.
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Samodelkin, A. (Alexander). "Cyclist-aware intelligent transportation system". Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201702231228.
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Abstract. Rapidly developing cities make cycling popular way of traveling around and with enhanced smart traffic light infrastructure cycling can be safer and smoother. Smartphones with an internet connectivity and advanced positioning sensors can be used to build a cost-effective infrastructure to enable cyclist-aware traffic lights system. However, such systems depends on proper time of arrival estimation which can be affected by the GPS errors which works poorly in area with tall buildings and driver behaviour. In this paper we discuss how presence of feedback from smart traffic system influence the driver awareness of the cyclist and affects the negative impact of time of arrival estimation errors. This paper gives an analysis of the existing approaches to build smart cyclist-aware traffic systems and different sources of errors that affects their performance. With designed computer appliance we evaluated the effectiveness of cyclist-aware system with and without a presence of additional haptic and audio feedback. The results show that the presence of feedback positively affects the driver awareness of cyclist and allow them to react earlier. Experiment shows that just introduction of feedback can increase the accuracy of time of arrival estimation up to 34% without any other modification to the system.Pyöräilijät tiedostava älykäs liikennejärjestelmä. Tiivistelmä. Pyöräily on suosittu tapa liikkua nopeasti kasvavissa kaupungeissa. Parannetuilla älyliikennevaloilla pyöräilystä voisi tulla turvallisempaa ja sujuvampaa. Huokean infrastruktuurin rakentamisessa pyöräilijät tiedostavaan liikennevalojärjestelmään voidaan hyödyntää älypuhelinten verkkoyhteyttä sekä pitkälle kehitettynyttä paikannusmahdollisuutta. Paikannuksen haasteena kuitenkin ovat epätarkkuus korkeiden rakennusten katveessa sekä pyöräilijöiden ja autoilijoiden käyttäytyminen. Kyseisen kaltainen järjestelmä vaatii toimivan kulunaika-arvioinnin, mikä on haastavaa GPS-paikannuksen epätarkkuuden vuoksi. Tässä julkaisussa keskustelemme siitä, kuinka älykkäästä liikennejärjestelmästä saatu palaute vaikuttaa autoilijoiden tiedostavuuteen ja sitä kautta saapumisaika-arvioiden epätarkkuuteen. Analysoimme olemassa olevia älykkäitä pyöräiljät tiedostavia liikennejärjestelmiä ja niihin vaikuttavia epätarkkuus- sekä virhelähteitä. Käytämme kehittämäämme tietokone ohjelmaa arvioimaan pyöräilijät tiedostavan järjestelmän tehokkuutta käyttäen koemuuttujina haptista ja auditiivista palautetta. Tulokset paljastavat, että saatu palaute vaikuttaa positiivisesti parantaen autoilijoiden reaktioaikaa sekä sitä kuinka he tiedostavat pyöräiljät. Kokeet osoittavat, että pelkästään esittelyn ja palautteen olemassaolo lisäävät saapumisaika-arvioiden tarkkuutta jopa 34%.
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Choudhry, Omar Hussain Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Civil and Environmental. "Intelligent transportation system applications for urban courier movements". Ottawa, 1996.
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Anjuman, Tahera. "Evaluation of an online intelligent transportation system (ITS) asset management system". Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1263410148/.
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Soltani, Amir Reza. "A multi-objective intelligent transportation system in construction sites". Thesis, University of Salford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420472.
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Barrett, Daniel J. "Intelligent Transportation Systems: Development of Transportation Information Management System for a Small Urban Community". Full text, Acrobat Reader required, 1998. http://viva.lib.virginia.edu/etd/theses/barrett98.pdf.
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Fang, Hsiao-jung Belinda. "The environmental economic & social implications of the intelligent transport system in Hong Kong". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42576593.
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Haddad, Mohamed. "The use of GPS-teletext in intelligent transportation integrated system". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420490.
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Alobaid, Naif. "Mass Public Transportation System Riyadh, Saudi Arabia". Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2007. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/341.
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Ricardo, Leandro Jorge Correia. "Decision support system for city public transportation". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23532.
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Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e TelemáticaNowadays, the technology to turn cities smart already exists. Smart Cities, as they are called, are capable to sense, analyze and react: sense through the set of sensors displaced along the city, as they are sensors either xed (for environmental monitoring) or moving (for instance, citizens with their smartphones). A notable case is Porto, which incorporates a mesh network with more than 600 vehicles (buses, taxis and garbage trucks), communicating in-between and enabling the passengers of the buses of the city major bus carrier to access freely to the Internet while commuting. A vehicular network like this has huge positive impact in the city mobility, which is one of the biggest concerns of the governmental institutions. Therefore, it is crucial to understand what can be done to improve mobility. By analyzing the data generated by the movement of the buses, it is possible to deliver a new set of tools that might be useful for the everyday life of the bus passengers and bus eet managers. From the passengers perspective, the utility can be brought by the introduction of smart schedules, which consists on delivering estimated time of arrival that is adapting itself to the city dynamics, through the evolution of the time, and that can be accessed directly from their smartphones. From the perspective of the bus eet managers, it is possible to deliver insights about the usual behaviour of their bus lines, giving openness for them to react to the new or abnormal city public transportation dynamics. This dissertation presents an approach for analyzing the data descendent from the vehicular network and how to use it to answer the previously addressed problems. Regarding the missing link between the GPS trace from the bus and the bus line that they are doing, a map-matching algorithm is implemented. That turns possible the computation of estimations and predictions of the bus' passing times. In what concerns prediction, three machine learning ensemble algorithms have been tested. Finally, proof-ofconcept applications are implemented to demonstrate the real-life applicability, by helping the bus passengers and bus eet managers to react to the di erent events of their quotidian. The results show that the map-matching algorithm presents a good quality. Also, they demonstrate that the best machine learning algorithm, considering the prediction error, is Bagging using Support Vector Regressor as the base estimator. Finally, the pro les obtained in the performance dashboard enable distinction between optimal and non-optimal bus lines.
Hoje em dia existe tecnologia para tornar as cidades inteligentes. As cidades inteligentes s~ao capazes de sentir, analisar e reagir: sentir através dos variados sensores espalhados em torno da cidade, sensores estes que podem ser fixos (sensores para a monitorização do estado ambiental) ou moveis (por exemplo, os cidadãos, graças aos seus smartphones). Um caso notável e o da cidade do Porto, que incorpora uma rede em malha com mais de 600 veículos (autocarros, táxis e camiões do lixo) que comunicam entre si, habilitando os passageiros dos autocarros da maior operadora da cidade a navegar na internet gratuitamente, enquanto viajam. O maior impacto de uma rede como esta e a mobilidade; e uma das preocupações das instituições governamentais locais e como elas podem melhorar a mobilidade. E por isso crucial analisar o que pode ser feito para melhorar a mobilidade de uma cidade. Utilizando os dados gerados pelo movimento dos autocarros e possível fornecer um conjunto de novas utilidades praticas que podem ser úteis ao quotidiano dos cidadãos e dos gestores de frota. Na perspectiva dos passageiros pode ser introduzido o conceito de smart schedule que consiste em fornecer o tempo estimado de chegada de um autocarro que se vai adaptando ao longo do tempo, de acordo com a dinâmica da cidade, que pode ser acedido directamente a partir do seu smartphone. Na perspectiva dos gestores de frota e possível fornecer introespecções sobre o comportamento habitual das linhas de autocarros, dando abertura a que estes sejam capazes de melhor reagir a novas ou anormais dinâmicas dos transportes públicos da cidade. Esta dissertação apresenta uma abordagem para analisar os dados provenientes da rede veicular e de como usa-los para tornar as ideias previamente esclarecidas, possíveis. Devido a inexistência da identificação do trafico GPS a uma linha de autocarro, um algoritmo de map-matching foi implementado. Isso torna a computação de estimações e predições sobre o tempo de passagem dos autocarros possível. No que toca a predição, foram testados três algoritmos diferentes de aprendizagem automática em conjunto para a construção de modelos preditivos. Porem, foram implementadas aplicações como prova de conceito que demonstram a aplicabilidade no mundo real, ajudando os passageiros dos autocarros e os gestores de frota a reagir aos diferentes eventos do seu quotidiano. Os resultados demonstram que o algoritmo de map-matching apresenta uma boa qualidade. Também demonstram que o melhor algoritmo de aprendizagem automática, considerando o erro de predição, e o Bagging utilizando como estimador base Support Vector Regressor. Porém, os pers obtidos pelo painel de controlo permitem distinguir linhas de autocarro com um funcionamento óptimo daquelas em que o funcionamento e insatisfação.
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Park, Jaeyong. "Safe Controller Design for Intelligent Transportation System Applications using Reachability Analysis". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366201401.
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Liang, Tianning. "Performance Evaluation of a LEO Mobile Satellite System Integrated with Intelligent-Transportation-System Networks". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32028.
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In Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), the unavailable Road Side Unit (RSU) becomes an increasing serious safety-related problem because of its important role in ITS. However, there is no existing method to solve this problem effectively and stably nowadays. To solve the unavailable RSU problem, a novel 2-tier integrated communication system is proposed in this thesis to address the issue of unavailable RSU in ITS. Compared to some other solutions proposed in the previous research works, which mostly focus on improving the system performance by adjusting parameters of vehicular ad-hoc network among vehicles, the proposed 2-tier communication network, called ITS-LEO Integrated System (ILIS), is composed of conventional ITS system and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) mobile satellite system (MSS), where the LEO MSS is utilized as the complementary network when the RSU is unavailable. Since the LEO MSS primary message will get affected when overflowing messages from ITS to LEO MSS, we prioritize LEO MSS primary message over the overflowed message to minimize the effect, which is based on that the emergency message (EMsg) is given higher priority over routine message (RMsg) to get access to the channel in ITS. To optimize the utility of network resource, two different overflowing mechanisms are proposed in ILIS to improve system efficiency under different traffic density. Furthermore, we propose a bandwidth reservation protection mechanism for ILIS to increase the ITS network performance. A real-time simulation program in C++ is developed to evaluate the performance of ILIS in terms of Packet Loss Rate (PLR) and Delay, and simulation results show that adding LEO MSS as a complementary network to ITS is an effective way to solve the problem of an unavailable RSU.
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Dabiri, Sina. "Application of Deep Learning in Intelligent Transportation Systems". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87409.
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The rapid growth of population and the permanent increase in the number of vehicles engender several issues in transportation systems, which in turn call for an intelligent and cost-effective approach to resolve the problems in an efficient manner. A cost-effective approach for improving and optimizing transportation-related problems is to unlock hidden knowledge in ever-increasing spatiotemporal and crowdsourced information collected from various sources such as mobile phone sensors (e.g., GPS sensors) and social media networks (e.g., Twitter). Data mining and machine learning techniques are the major tools for analyzing the collected data and extracting useful knowledge on traffic conditions and mobility behaviors. Deep learning is an advanced branch of machine learning that has enjoyed a lot of success in computer vision and natural language processing fields in recent years. However, deep learning techniques have been applied to only a small number of transportation applications such as traffic flow and speed prediction. Accordingly, my main objective in this dissertation is to develop state-of-the-art deep learning architectures for resolving the transport-related applications that have not been treated by deep learning architectures in much detail, including (1) travel mode detection, (2) vehicle classification, and (3) traffic information system. To this end, an efficient representation for spatiotemporal and crowdsourced data (e.g., GPS trajectories) is also required to be designed in such a way that not only be adaptable with deep learning architectures but also contains efficient information for solving the task-at-hand. Furthermore, since the good performance of a deep learning algorithm is primarily contingent on access to a large volume of training samples, efficient data collection and labeling strategies are developed for different data types and applications. Finally, the performance of the proposed representations and models are evaluated by comparing to several state-of-the-art techniques in literature. The experimental results clearly and consistently demonstrate the superiority of the proposed deep-learning based framework for each application.PHD
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周坷 i Ke Zhou. "Charging private vehicles to develop public transportation system". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260469.
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Zhou, Ke. "Charging private vehicles to develop public transportation system /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22284564.
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Alexander, Robert W. "Using Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) technologies to promote tourism in Southwest Virginia". Master's thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10312009-020010/.
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Etches, Adam. "An integrated database in support of a collaborative network information system : application to transportation". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246648.
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Javadi, Mohammad Saleh. "Computer Vision Algorithms for Intelligent Transportation Systems Applications". Licentiate thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för matematik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-17166.
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In recent years, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have emerged as an efficient way of enhancing traffic flow, safety and management. These goals are realized by combining various technologies and analyzing the acquired data from vehicles and roadways. Among all ITS technologies, computer vision solutions have the advantages of high flexibility, easy maintenance and high price-performance ratio that make them very popular for transportation surveillance systems. However, computer vision solutions are demanding and challenging due to computational complexity, reliability, efficiency and accuracy among other aspects. In this thesis, three transportation surveillance systems based on computer vision are presented. These systems are able to interpret the image data and extract the information about the presence, speed and class of vehicles, respectively. The image data in these proposed systems are acquired using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) as a non-stationary source and roadside camera as a stationary source. The goal of these works is to enhance the general performance of accuracy and robustness of the systems with variant illumination and traffic conditions. This is a compilation thesis in systems engineering consisting of three parts. The red thread through each part is a transportation surveillance system. The first part presents a change detection system using aerial images of a cargo port. The extracted information shows how the space is utilized at various times aiming for further management and development of the port. The proposed solution can be used at different viewpoints and illumination levels e.g. at sunset. The method is able to transform the images taken from different viewpoints and match them together. Thereafter, it detects discrepancies between the images using a proposed adaptive local threshold. In the second part, a video-based vehicle's speed estimation system is presented. The measured speeds are essential information for law enforcement and they also provide an estimation of traffic flow at certain points on the road. The system employs several intrusion lines to extract the movement pattern of each vehicle (non-equidistant sampling) as an input feature to the proposed analytical model. In addition, other parameters such as camera sampling rate and distances between intrusion lines are also taken into account to address the uncertainty in the measurements and to obtain the probability density function of the vehicle's speed. In the third part, a vehicle classification system is provided to categorize vehicles into \private car", \light trailer", \lorry or bus" and \heavy trailer". This information can be used by authorities for surveillance and development of the roads. The proposed system consists of multiple fuzzy c-means clusterings using input features of length, width and speed of each vehicle. The system has been constructed by using prior knowledge of traffic regulations regarding each class of vehicle in order to enhance the classification performance.
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方曉蓉 i Hsiao-jung Belinda Fang. "The environmental economic & social implications of the intelligent transport system in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576593.
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Shek, Man-ching. "Hong Kong as Asia's world metropolis a policy assessment of the public transport system /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3158231X.
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Chen, Jianjun. "An intelligent container transportation system using novel modelling, metaheuristics and automatic dispatching strategy". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32909/.
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The container transportation problem involves designing routing plans for a fleet of vehicles to accommodate requests from multiple ports. A request is a transshipment activity that involves loading a commodity at the source port and then unloading it at the destination port. This problem is closely related to the classic vehicle routing problem (VRP). This thesis investigates a real-world, multi-shift container transportation problem with a limited fleet size. In this problem, requests are sent from the customs office via declaration forms. Each declaration form contains several container transport tasks that share the same time window, source port and destination port. The time windows for container transportation in this problem can generally span across several shifts, thus container transportations can be arranged at any shift. Delaying some transportations to later shifts may cause the violation of time window constraints. As a result, strategies that prioritise tasks with closer deadline need to be developed to ensure that all tasks can be completed. This thesis presents the following research efforts towards the container transshipment problem. Firstly, two formulations have been proposed to describe the problem, in which the representation of transshipment requests are simplified as nodes. The network of the ports is then discussed and, based on the network, three sets of problem instances are introduced. This thesis then introduces several insertion-based heuristics, which are able to generate solutions that complete all container transshipment tasks. In order to further reduce the travelling distance in the solutions, two multi-neighbourhood algorithms are implemented and experimental results are presented. The characteristics of solutions are discussed to get a deeper understanding of the problem characteristics. The dynamic version of the problem, in which declaration forms arrive over time, is then studied. A discrete event simulation framework is developed to accommodate the experiment of various commodity holding strategies. This research leads to an intelligent container transportation system that automates the task assignment.
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Magaia, Lourenço Lázaro. "A video-based traffic monitoring system /". Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1243.
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Yiu, Kwok-kin Antonio. "An integrated public transport system a case study of Hong Kong /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31675323.
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Baykut, Levent. "Opportunities for Lean Enterprise in Public Regional Transportation". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1280952397.
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Cheung, Suk-ling. "The potential of intelligent transport system (ITS) development in road transport of Hong Kong". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42575680.
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Farmer, Stephanie. "Chicago's public transportation system the contradictions of neoliberalism in the global city /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Morgan, Daniel J. (Daniel John) 1977. "A microscopic simulation laboratory for advanced public transportation system evaluation". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84807.
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Farzaneh, Kayvan. "A Comprehensive Survey to Identify System Concepts & ICT Requirements of IRAN Intelligent Transportation System (IRAN ITS)". Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2621.
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This thesis report describes the survey carried out in order to study the ITS practices in Sweden and Europe and indentifying their successes and failures as well as technical specifications. Furthermore, a requirement analysis work has been taken into account to identify the needs and requirements of ITS development in Iran from both business and technical aspects. This thesis aims to conclude and come up with a plan about the development strategy and system architecture of Iran ITS.
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Kumar, Pushpendra. "Towards Bond Graph modeling of a class of system of systems : application to an intelligent transportation system". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10158/document.
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Les systèmes à grande échelle intégrées qui travaillent ensemble pour une mission commune sont connus sous le nom de Systèmes de Systèmes (SdS). Ce travail propose une méthode de modélisation pour une classe de SdS, à savoir, les systèmes mécatronique, en utilisant l’approche de Bond graph. Cette approche est appliquée à un Système de Transport Intelligent par la modélisation de la dynamique du trafic de véhicules autonomes intelligent; où les communications de véhicule à véhicule et de véhicule à infrastructure sont considérées. Un tel ensemble de véhicules autonomes décrit l'organisation d'un SdS. La dynamique du trafic est modélisée sur trois niveaux d'abstraction, à savoir: sous-microscopique, microscopique, et macroscopique. Par la suite, les trois niveaux sont combinés pour développer un modèle multi-niveaux de la dynamique du trafic en utilisant la même approche du Bond graph. Le modèle est simulé dans des scénarios normaux et défectueux. Ensuite, le modèle est validé sur un simulateur en temps réel de la dynamique du véhicule. En plus, des expériences réelles sur véhicules autonomes intelligent sont effectuées pour valider le modèle. Enfin, le modèle est utilisé pour développer une stratégie de supervision du SdS de trafic basé sur l'analyse comportementale et structurelle du modèle bond graphLarge-scale integrated systems working collectively for a common mission are known as Systems of Systems (SoS). In the present work, we propose a modeling method for a class of SoS, namely mechatronic systems, based on the Bond graph modeling approach. The proposed approach is applied to an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) by modeling the traffic dynamic of Intelligent Autonomous Vehicles (IAVs); where Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communications are considered. Such set of autonomous vehicles describe the organization of a SoS. The traffic dynamic is modeled at three abstraction levels namely: submicroscopic, microscopic, and macroscopic levels. Subsequently, the three levels are combined to develop a multilevel model of the traffic dynamic using the same Bond graph approach. The model is simulated for normal and faulty scenarios. Then, the model is validated on a real-time simulator of vehicle dynamics. In addition, real experiments on IAVs are performed to validate the model. Finally, the model is used to develop a supervision strategy for the traffic SoS based on the behavioral and structural analysis of the Bond graph model
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Gabibulayev, Magomed. "Dynamic modeling and simulation of snow removal operation in an intelligent transportation system environment /". For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Zhang, Pu. "Development of an intelligent decision support system of transportation planning for high rise construction". Thesis, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299939.
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Al-Attabi, Ali Khalaf Nawar. "Investigation on the use of Graph Signal Processing for an intelligent taxis transportation system". Thesis, California State University, Fullerton, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10244831.
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This thesis demonstrates the benefits of using Graph Signal Processing (GSP) techniques for an intelligent taxis transportation system. Graph Signal Processing, an application arising to handle multiple source signals on a graph, has developed into an active field of research during the last several years due to its ability to analyze enormous datasets or dynamic data that usually pose a challenge to researchers. One of the most significant operations of Graph Signal Processing that arises in many areas is noise reduction.
This thesis introduces a possible method of using Graph Signal Processing and its operations to analyze signals in a network of taxi stand locations. Two examples are given using real data of taxis' and stands' locations in San Francisco where the number of taxis around these stands is the detected signal. The results showed the effectiveness of using Graph Fourier Transform to detect the anomalies in the signals which represent unusual transportation activities or driver distributions within the taxi network.
Signal denoising is addressed by using four techniques which are often based on the signal filtering methods. The first technique used the low pass filter, followed by a harmonic decline filter, and then standard and modified Kalman filters, including the case for uncertain observation or process noise between the standard and adaptive Kalman filters. The results are compared with the other filters.
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Yiu, Kwok-kin Antonio, i 姚國堅. "An integrated public transport system: a casestudy of Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31675323.
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Liu, Yiting. "Applications of wireless communication in traffic networks using a hierarchical hybrid system model". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1173283543.
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Siess, Eric Joseph. "Modeling Automated Highway System Guideway Operations". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36510.
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The purpose of this research is to explore the operational characteristics of a Maglev-based Automated Highway System and how it would interact with freeway operations. The extension of traditional traffic flow phenomenon, including weaving, merging, and stopping distance, into the automated system is looked at. These are also extended into platoon operations and their effect on such properties as gap control and ultimately the capacity of such a system. The ability to incorporate an AHS system into the existing Interstate Highway System is investigated. This includes placing the magways in the right-of-way of the highway system and interfacing the AHS with the existing freeways. A model is developed and run to simulate the assignment of traffic between the freeway and the guideway links. Both operational concepts of user equilibrium and system optimal conditions are explored, and equations are found to estimate the amount of traffic which can be found on the links based on the total traffic volume.Master of Science
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Rodríguez, Daniel Andrés. "Developing a system architecture for intelligent transportation systems with application to San Juan, Puerto Rico". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10850.
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Nguyen-Minh, Huong. "Contribution to the Intelligent Transportation System : security of Safety Applications in Vehicle Ad hoc Networks". Thesis, Avignon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AVIG0212/document.
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Le développement du transport partout dans le monde a fourni un grand nombre d'avantages pour de nombreux aspects de la vie humaine. Les systèmes de transport intelligents (ITS) sont des applications avancées qui visent à rendre les réseaux de transport plus sûrs, plus pratiques et plus intelligents. Selon leurs usages, ils peuvent être classés en deux types d'applications ITS, qui sont des applications de sûreté et des applications non-sûreté. Le réseau de véhicules ad hoc (VANET) est un élément clé des systèmes ITS, car il permet la communication entre les unités de transport. Ces communications prennent en charge différentes applications ITS avec différentes propriétés. Parmi les deux types d'applications, nous nous intéressons aux applications de sûreté qui ont des contraintes de qualité de service et des contraintes de sécurité plus strictes. Selon le scénario considéré et l'application de sûreté donnée, les informations échangées entre les véhicules doivent être diffusé localement dans une communication à un seul saut et / ou également notifiées aux véhicules à large dimension. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est d'améliorer les performances des applications de sûreté en termes de qualité de service et de sécurité, à la fois dans une communication à un saut et dans une communication multi-sauts. Nous nous intéressons à la fiabilité, la connectivité et le déni de service (DoS). Nous étudions et proposons des solutions techniques provenant de couches inférieures (Physique, Liaison et Réseaux) qui jouent un rôle fondamental dans l'atténuation des défis créés par la nature de l'environnement des véhicules. Tout d'abord, nous introduisons une nouvelle méthode efficace pour fiabiliser la radiodiffusion. Dans notre système, les messages de sécurité sont rediffusés lorsque l'expéditeur est sollicité. Cela augmente le pourcentage de véhicules qui reçoivent les messages alors que le nombre de messages dupliqués reste limité. En second lieu, en tenant compte de la fragmentation du réseau, nous étudions des solutions qui permettent de pallier la déconnexion temporaire du réseau pour apporter l'information de sécurité aux destinataires. Basé sur les propriétés sociales des réseaux de véhicules, nous proposons un protocole de transfert basé sur des relations sociales pour relayer la communication entre les véhicules et des points d'intérêt qui fournissent des services de sécurité avec des contraintes de temps plus souples, telles que la recherche et le sauvetage. Troisièmement, nous étudions l'attaque de brouillage, une sorte d'attaques DoS, qui est cruciale pour les applications de sûreté et qui et facilement réalisable au niveau des couches inférieures. Nous modélisons l'attaque de brouillage afin d'étudier la dégradation causée par l'attaque sur les performances du réseau. La dégradation à un certain niveau dans les performances du réseau est une indication de présence d'attaques de brouillage dans le réseau; donc les résultats de cette analyse nous permettent de déterminer les seuils de performance du réseau pour distinguer entre les scénarios normaux et les scénarios attaqués. Toutefois, selon cette analyse, le procédé utilisant la dégradation comme une indication pour détecter une attaque de brouillage est impossible pour des applications temps réel. Par conséquent, nous proposons des nouvelles méthodes afin de détecter les attaques de brouillage temps réel. Nos méthodes permettent la détection en temps réel avec une grande précision, non seulement chez le moniteur central mais aussi au niveau de chaque véhicule. Par conséquent, les véhicules sont avertis sur l'attaque assez tôt pour récupérer la communication et réagir à ces attaquesThe development of transportation all over the world has been providing a lot of benefits for many aspects of human life. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are advanced applications that aim to make the transport networks safer, more convenient and smarter. According to their usages, they can be classified into two types of ITS applications, which are safety applications and non-safety applications. Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a key component of ITS since it enables communications among transportation units. These communications support different ITS applications with various properties. Between two types of applications, we are interested in safety applications which have tighter quality and security constraints. Depending on an applied scenario of a given safety application, the exchanged information among vehicles must be broadcast locally within one-hop communication and/or also be notified to vehicles in large range. The main objective of this thesis is to improve the performance of safety applications in term of the quality of service and security, in both one-hop communication and multi-hop communication. We focus on reliability, connectivity and Denial of Services (DoS) attack. We study and propose technical solutions coming from lower layers (Physical, MAC and network layers) which play a fundamental role in mitigation to challenges created by the nature of the vehicular environment. Firstly, we introduce a reliable scheme to achieve the reliability for broadcasting. In our scheme, the safety messages are rebroadcast when the sender is solicited. This increases the percentage of vehicles receiving the messages while duplicated messages are limited. Secondly, with consideration of the fragmentation of the network, we study solutions that overcome the temporary disconnection in the network to bring the safety information to the recipients. Based on the social properties of vehicular networks, we propose a social-based forwarding protocol to support the communication between vehicles to points of interest that provide safety services with looser time constraints, such as search and rescue. Thirdly, we investigate jamming attack, a kind of DoS attacks, which is crucial for safety applications because of the adequate condition of the attack at the lower layers. We model jamming attack on broadcasting in order to study the degradation caused by the attack on network performance. The degradation at a certain level in network performance is an indication of a jamming attack presence in the network; therefore results from this analysis will allow us to determine network performance thresholds to distinguish between normal and attacked scenarios. However, according to our analysis, the method using the degradation as an indication to detect a jamming attack is not feasible for real-time applications. Hence, we propose methods to detect jamming attacks in real-time. Our methods allow real-time detection with high accuracy, not only at the central monitor but also at each vehicle. Therefore, vehicles are noticed about the attack soon enough to recover the communication and react to these attacks
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Ng, Ka-hon Alan, i 吳家漢. "Should open payment be implemented in Hong Kong's public transportation system?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211032.
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The open system (contactless technology) has been introduced for a few years, but in Hong Kong, its usage is limited to retail payment/ transactions, for instance, one can use his/her VISA Paywave, MasterCard Paypass in retail stores (Wellcome, Mannings, 7-11, Maxim Fastfood, KFC, etc.), yet the wide spread of the open payment system have not been propagated to public transportation payment use, a simple reason is perhaps that Hong Kong’s public transportation payment services is dominated by a contactless payment system (closed payment platform) using the Octopus card, which has been playing a leading role among international micro payment industry, hence may seemed no emerging need for another payment platform. The other reason is that unlike the usage in retail transactions (solely for payment), the development and implementation of an open payment in public transportation is considered to be in a brown field which is more complicated and require various resources, planning, co-ordination and negotiation among relevant parties. It may seem that there is no urgency for developing an open payment platform in the transportation sector at the moment, yet with recent technological advancement (contactless feature of bank cards for support of open contactless payment system), also changes of consumer preference on payment method (prepaid versus post-paid method), and being one of the first tier cities, Hong Kong should plan ahead for further improvement and development in their system (to international standard) to maintain its market leading position and to prevent the threat of falling behind among other major cities.published_or_final_version
Transport Policy and Planning
Master
Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning
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Driffort, Thibaut, Oscar Ogenblad i Luís Sousa Lara. "Move! Bringing Urban Public Transportation towards Sustainability". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3846.
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Today’s societal development is not sustainable. The transportation sector has the potential role to be a tremendous lever for sustainability due to its central position in the societal structure as well as for the current unsustainable trends that occur in this system. Recommendations to public transportation providers were made by highlighting the main existing gaps between the current transportation system and an envisioned future transportation system that could exist in a sustainable society. To highlight these gaps, multiple perspectives were considered. These perspectives were enabled by e.g. User Journey Maps at the individual level and a holistic perspective over the broader urban transport system. The premise is that in order to increase use rates of public transportation, there is a need to better assess and address urban travellers' needs when commuting. For providers to have a strategic, stepwise approach and to be able to bring the public transportation system towards sustainability, the authors recommended that public transportation providers prioritize and implement future actions aligned with the three prioritization questions presented at the strategic level of the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development and by defining a criterion that would emphasize that the users’ needs of importance highlighted in the study are fulfilled.