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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Integral Energy (Firm)"
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Majid, Muhammad Faisal, Muhammad Meraj i Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik. "In the Pursuit of Environmental Sustainability: The Role of Environmental Accounting". Sustainability 14, nr 11 (26.05.2022): 6526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116526.
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This study aims to evaluate the mediating role of sustainability in the relationship between environmental-accounting (EA) disclosures and audit quality (AQ) and firm performance (FP) by using GDP and firm size as the controlled variables. Data were collected from the annual and sustainability reports of 80 manufacturing firms that were listed on the PSX during the last 10 years (2011–2020). STATA 13 software and a multiple-regression model were used. The findings that were deduced from the empirical results indicate that EA with sustainability has a significant negative effect on both proxies of the FP (ROA and ROE). By contrast, AQ with sustainability has an insignificant negative impact on firm performance. This research contributes to the scarce literature and compares the level of EA with sustainability reporting and its impact on the FP with the controlled variables GDP and firm size. This study also contributes to the execution of the reporting and the assurance of sustainability, and it helps regulatory bodies with the integral development of reporting and the assurance of EA.
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de Melo, Rodnei Regis, Fernando Lessa Tofoli, Sérgio Daher i Fernando Luiz Marcelo Antunes. "Wheel Slip Control Applied to an Electric Tractor for Improving Tractive Efficiency and Reducing Energy Consumption". Sensors 22, nr 12 (15.06.2022): 4527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22124527.
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This work presents an automatic slip control solution applied to a two-wheel-drive (2WD) electric tractor. Considering that the slip can be maintained within a specific range that depends on the type of soil, it is possible to increase the tractive efficiency of the electric vehicle (EV). The control system can be easily designed considering only the longitudinal dynamics of the tractor while using simple proportional-integral (PI) controllers to drive the inverters associated with the rear wheels. The introduced solution is tested on an experimental electric tractor prototype traveling on firm soil considering case studies in which the slip control is enabled and disabled. The acquired results demonstrate that the slip control allows for obtaining a more stable performance and reduced energy consumption.
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Silva, Wedja Edite de Oliveira, Marta Coelho Fernandes, Camilla Letícia de Castro Silva, Antônio Daniel Lima do Nascimento, Marco Aurélio Carneiro de Holanda, Mônica Calixto Ribeiro de Holanda i Leandro Ricardo Rodrigues de Lucena. "Avaliação bio econômica de frangos de corte alimentados com farelo integral de raízes de mandioca suplementado com carboidrases exógena". Research, Society and Development 10, nr 7 (14.06.2021): e7810716413. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16413.
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O experimento foi conduzido no aviário da Fazenda São João, localizada no distrito de Santa Rita, município de Serra Talhada-PE. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de inclusão de farelo integral de raízes de mandioca (FIRM), suplementadas com complexo multienzimático assim como a sua avaliação econômica. Foram utilizados 450 pintos de um dia de idade, machos da linhagem Cobb, distribuídas em 25 parcelas experimentais, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com cinco tratamentos, compostos por quatro níveis de inclusão de 25, 50, 75 e 100% de FIRM e uma dieta referência à base de milho e farelo de soja e cinco repetições por tratamento. O manejo adotado seguiu o preconizado no manual da linhagem Cobb. Foram mensuradas as variáveis de desempenho (ganho de peso médio diário, consumo de ração diário e conversão alimentar) e as variáveis econômicas receita bruta (RB), despesas (D), margem bruta (MB), e rentabilidade (REN). Os parâmetros de desempenho e de avaliação econômicas foram submetidos à análise de variância, sendo posteriormente realizadas análises de regressão e utilizado o teste Tukey com nível de significância a 5% de probabilidade (P<0,05). Foram observados melhora (P<0,05) no ganho de peso e conversão alimentar na fase de 36 a 42 dias e aumento (P<0,05) do ganho econômico. Concluiu-se que o FIRM suplementado com carboidrases exógenas pode ser incluído em dietas de frangos de corte industriais em até 100% produzindo melhora nos índices zootécnicos e aumento do ganho econômico em todo período experimental.
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Trahey, Lynn, Fikile R. Brushett, Nitash P. Balsara, Gerbrand Ceder, Lei Cheng, Yet-Ming Chiang, Nathan T. Hahn i in. "Energy storage emerging: A perspective from the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, nr 23 (8.06.2020): 12550–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1821672117.
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Energy storage is an integral part of modern society. A contemporary example is the lithium (Li)-ion battery, which enabled the launch of the personal electronics revolution in 1991 and the first commercial electric vehicles in 2010. Most recently, Li-ion batteries have expanded into the electricity grid to firm variable renewable generation, increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of transmission and distribution. Important applications continue to emerge including decarbonization of heavy-duty vehicles, rail, maritime shipping, and aviation and the growth of renewable electricity and storage on the grid. This perspective compares energy storage needs and priorities in 2010 with those now and those emerging over the next few decades. The diversity of demands for energy storage requires a diversity of purpose-built batteries designed to meet disparate applications. Advances in the frontier of battery research to achieve transformative performance spanning energy and power density, capacity, charge/discharge times, cost, lifetime, and safety are highlighted, along with strategic research refinements made by the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR) and the broader community to accommodate the changing storage needs and priorities. Innovative experimental tools with higher spatial and temporal resolution, in situ and operando characterization, first-principles simulation, high throughput computation, machine learning, and artificial intelligence work collectively to reveal the origins of the electrochemical phenomena that enable new means of energy storage. This knowledge allows a constructionist approach to materials, chemistries, and architectures, where each atom or molecule plays a prescribed role in realizing batteries with unique performance profiles suitable for emergent demands.
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Feder, Judy. "Who Is Winning in Energy Transition?" Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, nr 06 (1.06.2021): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0621-0034-jpt.
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We talk about “the energy transition” as if it were some type of unified, global event. Instead, numerous approaches to energy transitions are taking place in parallel, with all of the “players” moving at different paces, in different directions, and with different guiding philosophies. Which companies are best positioned to survive and thrive, and why? This article takes a look at what several top energy research and business intelligence firms are saying. What a Difference a Year Makes Prior to 2020—in fact, as recently as the 2014 bust that followed the shale boom—the oil and gas industry weathered downturns by “tightening their belts” and “doing more with less” in the form of cutting capital expenditures and costs, tapping credit lines, and improving operational efficiency. Adopting advanced digitalization and cognitive technologies as integral parts of the supply chain from 2015 to 2019 led to significant performance improvements as companies dealt with “shale shock.” Then, in 2020, a strange thing happened. Just as disruptive technologies like electric vehicles and solar photovoltaic and new batteries were gaining traction and decarbonization and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues were rising to the top of global social and policy agendas, COVID-19 left companies with almost nothing to squeeze from their supply chains, and budget cuts had a direct impact on operational performance and short-term operational plans. To stabilize their returns, many oil and gas companies revised and reshaped their portfolios and business strategies around decarbonization and alternative energy sources. The result: The investment in efforts toward effecting energy transition surpassed $500 billion for the first time in early 2021 ($501.3 billion, a 9% increase over 2019, according to BloombergNEF) despite the economic disruption caused by COVID-19. According to Wood Mackenzie, carbon emissions and carbon intensity are now key metrics in any project’s final investment decision. And, Rystad Energy said that greenhouse-gas emissions are declining faster than what is outlined in many conventional models regarded as aggressive scenarios. In Rystad’s model, electrification levels will reach 80% by 2050. A Look at the Playing Field: Energy Transition Pillars In a February 2021 webinar, Rystad discussed what leading exploration and production (E&P) companies are doing to keep up with the energy transition and stay investable in the rapidly changing market environment. The consulting firm researched the top 25 E&P companies based on their oil and gas production in 2020 and analyzed how they approach various market criteria in “three pillars of energy transition in the E&P sector” that the firm regards as key distinguishers and important indicators of potential success (Fig. 1). The research excludes national oil companies (NOCs) except for those with international activity (INOCs). Rystad says these 25 companies are responsible for almost 40% of global hydrocarbon production and the same share of global E&P investments and believes the trends within this peer group are representative on a global scale.
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Kasperzak, Rainer, Marko Kureljusic, Lucas Reisch i Simon Thies. "Accounting for Carbon Emissions—Current State of Sustainability Reporting Practice under the GHG Protocol". Sustainability 15, nr 2 (5.01.2023): 994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15020994.
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Climate-related reporting has become an integral part of firms’ disclosure. In this context, firms’ greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are of major importance to stakeholders and management. For measuring GHG emissions, a global standard has been established with the GHG Protocol. This standard contains an important accounting policy option that significantly affects firms’ reported emissions by allowing them to use different consolidation approaches: the equity share, operational control, and financial control approach. However, there is limited evidence on firms’ use of these approaches, resulting in a lack of foundation for discussing the approaches’ sufficiency to support achieving environmental sustainability. Therefore, this paper aims to close this research gap by empirically investigating the approaches’ relevance using 16,604 firm-year observations between 2009 and 2019. We demonstrate that the operational control approach is used by most firms and that its predominance substantially increased during the last decade. However, the predominant use of the operational control approach is not fully compatible with societal and political sustainability goals as expressed in recent sustainability regulations. Therefore, policy makers need to critically assess whether current GHG reporting supports achieving their goals. Furthermore, we develop a research agenda to encourage future researchers to contribute to improvements in GHG reporting.
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Koo, Ja Eun, i Eun Sun Ki. "Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee Safety: Evidence from Korea". Sustainability 12, nr 7 (26.03.2020): 2649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072649.
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Employees are an integral part of a company’s sustainable growth and they expect a safe working environment. Therefore, analyzing the factors that affect employee safety is important. In this context, we analyze the effect of corporate social responsibility investment on employee safety. Using Korean listed company data from 2012 to 2014, we regress corporate social responsibility scores on workplace injuries. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression results show that higher corporate social responsibility scores are associated with fewer working days lost owing to workplace injuries. Moreover, while workplace injuries have a clear negative effect on firm value, corporate social responsibility activity significantly reduces this negative effect. Our findings imply that investment in corporate social responsibility can improve workplace safety and contribute to a company’s sustainable growth.
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Chaika, L. V. "Differentiation of the economic efficiency in the regions of Russia". Statistics and Economics 17, nr 1 (10.03.2020): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2020-1-54-68.
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Purpose. The strategic objectives of sustainable development of the Russian economy include improving energy efficiency and capital efficiency, increasing labor productivity, and reducing the negative impact on the environment. Due to the significant differentiation of the Russian Federation economy, the priorities of these tasks in regions are not the same. There-fore, the analysis of various components of the regional macroeconomic efficiency and the choice of methodical approaches to their composite assessment are being important. The pur-pose of this paper is to test the multidimensional analysis methods of key regional production indicators for measuring the integral indicator – the relative level of economy-wide efficiency of the Russian regions.Materials and methods. “Per unit” indicators of the gross regional product: energy con-sumption, use of fixed assets, labor, and environmental impact, that are calculated by the ROSSTAT data are the basis for assessing of the regional economy efficiency. The research interest of joint consideration of these regional economy indicators is due to their connected-ness as major components of the latent synthetic property of efficiency. The study used meth-ods of comparative multidimensional analysis: nonparametric method of frontier analysis – Data Envelopment Analysis, methods of the average and taxonomic indicator and principal components.Results. The tested methods allowed assessing the differentiation, to rank the regions of the Russian Federation by the level of their economic systems’ efficiency and to identify the “lagging” ones and determine the factors that reduce their positions. The specifics of the ap-plication of the considered methods are noted. Attention is paid to the economic interpreta-tion of the integral indicators. The grouping of regions of the Russian Federation has been car-ried out according to the data of 2016. Twenty-eight regions are classified as “high efficiency” (integral index 0,85–1,0), most of which are effective on all four criteria. The “medium-performing” group (0,75–0,84) comprises thirty-three regions with a reduced level of efficien-cy due to one or two factors: high energy intensity, increased emissions or insufficient labor productivity. The “low efficiency” group (0,5–0,74) comprises twenty-six regions, the problem of their efficiency is a complex one, mainly energy-environmental, with critically low efficien-cy indicators for some components.Conclusion. This article presents an assessment of the differentiation of the regional economy efficiency by using an integral indicator, taking into account the performance of the use of labor, physical capital, fuel and energy resources and environmental impact. Firm con-clusions on the choice of the method for aggregating particular performance criteria into one generalizing indicator have not been obtained. A practical approach is to solve such problems Economic statistics by different available methods to compare results and to obtain consistent conclusions. Four basic criteria of the regional economy efficiency were taken into account, but methodically their number is not limited and can be increased. The results can be used in the system of mon-itoring and strategic planning of regional economy development. The proposed methodical approach is applicable to other practical tasks of multi-factor comparative analysis of regional development.
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Anjum, Misbah, P. K. Kapur, Vernika Agarwal i Sunil Kumar Khatri. "Evaluation and Selection of Software Vulnerabilities". International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 27, nr 05 (18.03.2020): 2040014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539320400148.
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Information systems are an integral part of every organization’s critical resource and are an important responsibility of all organizations in this digital world to defend them from attacks. Misuse of critical systems of data raises serious difficulties to organizations which involve loss of productivity, profits, company loss, credibility loss and often, legal issues. This paper develops a framework to analyze the optimal selection of vulnerabilities having maximum severity and can be resolved in minimum time. In this study, an integrated framework involving Analytical Hierarchy process (AHP) and Entropy method is used to calculate the subjective and objective weights of software vulnerabilities. Severity of vulnerabilities is then computed by taking into consideration the combined weights calculated from AHP and Entropy method. To select the most critical vulnerability, a bi-objective programming problem is used with the objective of weight maximization and time minimization. The weighted goal programming approach is used to achieve a compromise between conflicting objectives and to achieve a satisfactory solution to the bi-objective problem. The findings are tested in the Delhi-National Capital Region by a software firm.
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Grazuleviciute-Vileniske, Indre, Lina Seduikyte, Aurelija Daugelaite i Kastytis Rudokas. "Links between heritage building, historic urban landscape and sustainable development: systematic approach". Landscape architecture and art 17 (14.03.2021): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2020.17.04.
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Heritage and historic buildings deserve attention not only as a significant part of the building stock or from energy efficiency or carbon emissions points of view. They constitute and shape historic urban landscapes that are an integral part of sustainable urban development and sustainable development in a broader sense of humanity in general. However, the sustainable links between the heritage building and historic urban landscape are not well analyzed yet. Meanwhile, the idea that heritage should be a driver of sustainable urban development is more and more explicitly expressed and the concept of historic urban landscape is considered favorable in this regard. The aim of this research was to formulate the theoretical model demonstrating the links between the heritage building, historic urban landscape and sustainable development that would be applied in policy making and planning for heritage driven sustainable urban development. The methods of research included literature review, analysis and synthesis. In order to reach this aim, the analysis of literature on sustainability of cultural heritage, especially heritage buildings was carried out, the concept of historic urban landscape and its implications for sustainability were analyzed and the Halstar approach [29]. based on the systems model adding the dimensions of time and scale to sustainability model developed by the English engineering firm Halcrow was elaborated in the context of heritage buildings and historic urban landscape. The result of the research is the model of the links between heritage building, historic urban landscape and sustainable development, which could be applied in urban development policy design and planning.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Integral Energy (Firm)"
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Brown, Colin, University of Western Sydney i Sydney Graduate School of Management. "A holistic approach to the management of electrical assets within an Australian supply utility". 2005. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/25052.
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Asset-rich organisations (utilities) within Australia have entered into an era of environmental change, imposed largely by successive Federal and State Governments wanting to exact financial returns from these State Owned Corporations (SOCs). These changes have created a shift in the paradigms within which these organisations currently operate. Long established principles are being revisited, and processes re-engineered, to allow them to implement the changes needed to obtain improved efficiencies and achieve overall business success. It is this drive to break down the barriers and practices of the past that has led to the need to develop a fundamental understanding of what it means to take a holistic approach to the management of the physical assets owned by utilities.Doctor of Business Administration (D.B.A.)
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Brown, Colin. "A holistic approach to the management of electrical assets within an Australian supply utility". Thesis, 2005. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/25052.
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Asset-rich organisations (utilities) within Australia have entered into an era of environmental change, imposed largely by successive Federal and State Governments wanting to exact financial returns from these State Owned Corporations (SOCs). These changes have created a shift in the paradigms within which these organisations currently operate. Long established principles are being revisited, and processes re-engineered, to allow them to implement the changes needed to obtain improved efficiencies and achieve overall business success. It is this drive to break down the barriers and practices of the past that has led to the need to develop a fundamental understanding of what it means to take a holistic approach to the management of the physical assets owned by utilities.
Książki na temat "Integral Energy (Firm)"
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New South Wales. Independent Commission Against Corruption. Report on investigation into the conduct of an officer of Integral Energy. Sydney, N.S.W: ICAC, 2003.
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Shinohara, Neide Kazue Sakugawa, Fábio Henrique P. C. de Oliveira, Isabel Lausanne Fontgalland i Higor Costa de Brito. Meio ambiente e sociedade: análises, diálogos e conflitos ambientais. Wyd. 3. Editora Amplla, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51859/amplla.mas1051-0.
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A preocupação com o meio ambiente tem-se tornado meta para a economia global, porque envolve desafios de responsabilidade social alinhados com o desenvolvimento econômico sustentável. Segundo o Programa das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente (Pnuma) o mundo vive três crises ambientais simultâneas: as mudanças do clima, a vulnerabilidade da biodiversidade e a eutrofização em vários ecossistemas. O reconhecimento de que a natureza possui recursos naturais finitos tem motivado várias ações conjuntas, afim de proteger o ar, o ambiente aquático, o solo e suas biotas, permitindo o bom funcionamento dos diferentes ecossistemas, visto que os elementos ecossistêmicos estão intimamente interconectados em uma rede de influência mútua, trocando energia e matéria-prima. Com o intuito de preservar o meio ambiente no planeta, os 193 países membros da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) adotaram uma nova política global em 2015, a Agenda 2030, cuja proposta sintetiza as aspirações e integra as dimensões econômica, social e ambiental, baseado em cinco princípios orientadores (5P): Pessoas, Planeta, Prosperidade, Paz e Parcerias. Representam pactos universais que visam promover prosperidade econômica e justiça social, estimulando a economia verde e solidária, independentemente da localização geográfica e construção histórica das populações do planeta. É preocupante que os ecossistemas têm sido cada vez mais afetados pela falta de conscientização de uma parcela da população que produz excedente de lixo doméstico, bem como as indústrias de transformação que podem lançar rejeitos e produtos químicos tóxicos em rios, barragens e oceanos. São essas ações humanas que comprometem a qualidade da água e do solo saudável para cultivo de alimentos, demandando o aumento de investimentos público e privado, uso de tecnologias mitigatórias dispendiosas para tratamento e reversão de poluentes ambientais. Ainda, os órgãos fiscalizadores devem monitorar que produtos oriundos dessa transformação atendam resoluções e legislações vigentes, garantindo que esse retorno à cadeia produtiva e de consumo, seja comprovadamente seguro para uso dos seres humanos e animais. A queima de combustíveis fósseis e a emissão de poluentes tóxicos influencia a qualidade do ar e dos recursos hídricos, podendo comprometer a saúde pública, restringir a mobilidade das pessoas e potencializar impactos ambientais danosos, a exemplo da chuva ácida, intensificação do efeito estufa e florações de algas nos corpos d’água. Esses eventos, associados ao aquecimento global e outros desequilíbrios climáticos, tem feito o mundo assistir a episódios de secas ou enchentes em períodos não previstos, com impactos negativos na produção de alimentos, provocando desastres naturais e desigualdades sociais significativos. As políticas de Estado devem contar com planejamento estratégico ambiental, incentivando a criação, manutenção e proteção de áreas de preservação e reserva legal, definidos como espaços delimitados com características naturais relevantes e considerados essenciais do ponto de vista econômico e de sustentabilidade, por protegerem os recursos hídricos, a biodiversidade natural e da compensação de perdas causadas pelas ações humanas. Essas áreas também tem como objetivo oportunizar interesses na economia verde, como ponto de partida para financiamento de projetos sustentáveis para o bem estar das populações, com redução dos impactos ambientais negativos e oportunidade de geração de emprego e renda, a exemplo de projetos de reciclagem que transformam a coleta de produtos inservíveis em produto rentável. Espera-se que grandes desafios ambientais possam conscientizar e mobilizar governos de diferentes etnias, a sociedade humana, agências reguladoras e organizações intergovernamentais de cooperação internacional, para frear ações que possam comprometer o meio ambiente e a sobrevivência das gerações futuras. Nesta perspectiva, os trabalhos presentes nessas obras são contribuições científicas atualizadas abordando esta temática, a fim de que possamos, a partir dos diferentes ramos das ciências, compartilhar o conhecimento, fatos e ações que visam à promoção de estratégias viáveis para lidar com os desafios no meio ambiente no Brasil e no Mundo.
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Shinohara, Neide Kazue Sakugawa, Fábio Henrique P. C. de Oliveira, Isabel Lausanne Fontgalland i Higor Costa de Brito. Meio ambiente e sociedade: análises, diálogos e conflitos ambientais. Wyd. 2. Editora Amplla, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51859/amplla.mas1044-0.
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A preocupação com o meio ambiente tem-se tornado meta para a economia global, porque envolve desafios de responsabilidade social alinhados com o desenvolvimento econômico sustentável. Segundo o Programa das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente (Pnuma) o mundo vive três crises ambientais simultâneas: as mudanças do clima, a vulnerabilidade da biodiversidade e a eutrofização em vários ecossistemas. O reconhecimento de que a natureza possui recursos naturais finitos tem motivado várias ações conjuntas, afim de proteger o ar, o ambiente aquático, o solo e suas biotas, permitindo o bom funcionamento dos diferentes ecossistemas, visto que os elementos ecossistêmicos estão intimamente interconectados em uma rede de influência mútua, trocando energia e matéria-prima. Com o intuito de preservar o meio ambiente no planeta, os 193 países membros da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) adotaram uma nova política global em 2015, a Agenda 2030, cuja proposta sintetiza as aspirações e integra as dimensões econômica, social e ambiental, baseado em cinco princípios orientadores (5P): Pessoas, Planeta, Prosperidade, Paz e Parcerias. Representam pactos universais que visam promover prosperidade econômica e justiça social, estimulando a economia verde e solidária, independentemente da localização geográfica e construção histórica das populações do planeta. É preocupante que os ecossistemas têm sido cada vez mais afetados pela falta de conscientização de uma parcela da população que produz excedente de lixo doméstico, bem como as indústrias de transformação que podem lançar rejeitos e produtos químicos tóxicos em rios, barragens e oceanos. São essas ações humanas que comprometem a qualidade da água e do solo saudável para cultivo de alimentos, demandando o aumento de investimentos público e privado, uso de tecnologias mitigatórias dispendiosas para tratamento e reversão de poluentes ambientais. Ainda, os órgãos fiscalizadores devem monitorar que produtos oriundos dessa transformação atendam resoluções e legislações vigentes, garantindo que esse retorno à cadeia produtiva e de consumo, seja comprovadamente seguro para uso dos seres humanos e animais. A queima de combustíveis fósseis e a emissão de poluentes tóxicos influencia a qualidade do ar e dos recursos hídricos, podendo comprometer a saúde pública, restringir a mobilidade das pessoas e potencializar impactos ambientais danosos, a exemplo da chuva ácida, intensificação do efeito estufa e florações de algas nos corpos d’água. Esses eventos, associados ao aquecimento global e outros desequilíbrios climáticos, tem feito o mundo assistir a episódios de secas ou enchentes em períodos não previstos, com impactos negativos na produção de alimentos, provocando desastres naturais e desigualdades sociais significativos. As políticas de Estado devem contar com planejamento estratégico ambiental, incentivando a criação, manutenção e proteção de áreas de preservação e reserva legal, definidos como espaços delimitados com características naturais relevantes e considerados essenciais do ponto de vista econômico e de sustentabilidade, por protegerem os recursos hídricos, a biodiversidade natural e da compensação de perdas causadas pelas ações humanas. Essas áreas também tem como objetivo oportunizar interesses na economia verde, como ponto de partida para financiamento de projetos sustentáveis para o bem estar das populações, com redução dos impactos ambientais negativos e oportunidade de geração de emprego e renda, a exemplo de projetos de reciclagem que transformam a coleta de produtos inservíveis em produto rentável. Espera-se que grandes desafios ambientais possam conscientizar e mobilizar governos de diferentes etnias, a sociedade humana, agências reguladoras e organizações intergovernamentais de cooperação internacional, para frear ações que possam comprometer o meio ambiente e a sobrevivência das gerações futuras. Nesta perspectiva, os trabalhos presentes nessas obras são contribuições científicas atualizadas abordando esta temática, a fim de que possamos, a partir dos diferentes ramos das ciências, compartilhar o conhecimento, fatos e ações que visam à promoção de estratégias viáveis para lidar com os desafios no meio ambiente no Brasil e no Mundo.
Części książek na temat "Integral Energy (Firm)"
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Antoni-Komar, Irene, Marina Beermann i Hedda Schattke. "Additional Challenges for CEMIS Due to Impacts Caused by Climate Change". W Corporate Environmental Management Information Systems, 70–84. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-981-1.ch005.
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The aim of this paper is to evaluate how CEMIS could be enhanced to cope with impacts caused by climate change. In our time, firms have to deal with the resulting challenges such as increasing complexity and dynamics of the environment. By developing cultural competences, firms will be empowered to handle these new challenges appropriately. CEMIS itself as a managerial tool has an excellent potential to increase organizational resilience against vulnerabilities due to impacts caused by climate change. CEMIS could provide climate change scenarios for different impacts in global and regional dimensions. Scenarios as alternative images of how the future might unfold are an appropriate tool to analyze how driving forces may influence future emission outcomes and to assess the associated uncertainties and risks. They assist in climate change analysis, including climate modeling and the assessment of impacts, adaptation and mitigation. Theoretical enlargements of the CEMIS concept will be discussed by resilience thinking, which is promising for CEMIS because of its turning away from the equilibrium assumption, its widespread comprehension of the environment and its influences, its assumption of flexibility and adaptiveness through the adaptive capacity. The discussion will be exemplified by firms from the food industry, which are highly vulnerable towards direct and also indirect impacts caused by climate change along certain supply chains. Changing qualities and quantities of resources, temporary shortage of resources or conflicts between energy and food can all have drastic effects on firms in the food industry. Supported by CEMIS as a critical information system, emerging conflicts due to changing societal and cultural processes can be recognized sensitively, reflected critically, and reconfigured creatively to the aim of sustainable strategic management. Based on the theory of social practice and the competence theory of the firm, the development of cultural competences, as an integral part of the practical intelligibility of firms and as a learning concept for adaptive capacity, enables firms to handle these new challenges in times of expanding uncertainty and risk appropriately.
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Conceição, Eusébio, João Gomes, Mª Manuela Lúcio, Domingos Xavier Viegas i Mª Teresa Viegas. "Numerical and experimental study on the moisture content of a pine tree". W Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 714–18. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_109.
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This paper refers to a numerical study of the three-dimensional design geometry and analysis of the thermal response of a pine tree. The pine tree thermal response numerical model is based on energy balance integral equations for the pine tree elements and mass balance integral equation for the water in the pine tree elements. The simulation performed considers the heat conduction through the tree elements, heat exchanges by convection between the external tree surfaces and the environment, heat exchanges by radiation between the flame and the external tree surfaces and water heat loss by evaporation from the tree to the environment. In the mass balance integral equation is considered the internal water generation and mass diffusion, in the interior, and the convection and evaporation, in the external surface. The three-dimensional design geometry, applying mesh generation, is used to evaluate the view factors between the virtual pine tree and a fire front. The three-dimensional pine tree model is constituted by 1039 cylindrical elements to represent its trunk, branches and leaves. The tree are placed nearby the fire front, which represents the forest fire. The surface temperature of both bodies is analysed on a steady-state and transient regime.
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Arrogante-Funes, Fátima, Inmaculada Aguado i Emilio Chuvieco. "Characterization of Ecological Vulnerability to Wildfires based on the Fire patterns on a global scale". W Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1040–46. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_157.
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A challenging task of fire forecasting has been approached in climatological mode, i.e. for completely hypothetical meteorological scenarios (or for long meteorological archives) and without any relevant observational information on fires. This challenge has been approached by extending the methodology developed by FMI in collaboration with University of Latvia on the basis of statistical forecasting technique suggested by Main Geophysical Observatory (St. Petersburg). The technique was successfully applied to a wide variety of problems. The essence of the methodology is to establish a 'static mapping', i.e. a set of non-linear statistical dependencies between a set of predictors (in the current case, meteorological parameters including cloud-to-ground lightning flash density, and fire danger indices) and the predicted variable - the fire radiative power FRP or its time-integral, fire radiative energy, FRE. The methodology relies on a thorough investigation of the statistical properties of the data at hand and possible physics-based relations between the parameters. Therefore, the solution to the fire prediction problem started from investigating the statistical properties of the underlying datasets, first of all, MODIS FRP retrievals, which is presently the longest time series of FRP – over 20 years (2000 - present).
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Yuzevych, Volodymyr, i Bohdan Koman. "MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELING OF INTERPHASE INTERACTION IN HETEROGENEOUS SOLID STRUCTURES". W Theoretical and practical aspects of the development of modern scientific research. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-195-4-14.
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The aim of this work was to develop a mathematical model and computer modelling of interphase interaction, mechanical stresses and adhesion mechanisms between mechanically inhomogeneous media (different phases). Methodology. For the system "metal – dielectric" we use a macroscopic approach, which corresponds to the ratio of non-equilibrium thermodynamics and physics of solid surfaces. Let’s consider the system of equations and boundary conditions for describing the change of energy parameters (σh, γ), which characterize the thermodynamic state of the system of contacting bodies. Method for calculating the main energy parameters (interfacial energy – γm, interfacial tension – σm, work of adhesion – Aadand energy of adhesive bonds – γad) in complex solid-state structures containing boundary phases is proposed. Based on the basic equations of nonequilibrium thermodynamics and surface physics a mathematical model of the interphase boundary is designed. A comparative analysis of the features of interphase interaction in the systems "metal-metal", "metal-semiconductor" and "metal-dielectric" on the example of interacting systems "Cu – Zn", "Cu – Si" and "Cu – quartz". It is established that the most sensitive parameter in the analysis of interphase interactions is the interphase energy γm.A model of mechanical stress formation in the "condensate-substrate" system is proposed. In particular, internal stresses in metal condensates are caused by changes in the value of interphase energy parameters (primarily interfacial tension) in the substrate-nanocondensate system and due to phase-forming processes accompanied by changes in surface energy in the condensate volume during its formation. The resulting internal stresses in metal condensates are an integral result of the action of statistically distributed on the plane of the film local stresses. Such phenomena are due to the anisotropy of the energy parameters of the interphase interaction in the condensate plane. Behavior analysis of energy and adhesion parameters can be used to predict the results of interphase interaction in order to select contact pairs to create thermodynamically stable structures with predicted values of energy parameters of interphase interaction, a certain type of chemical bond and a given level of mechanical stresses.
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Pinchuk, Nataliia, i Oleksandr Terletskyi. "NANOSTRUCTURED COATINGS ZRN, OBTAINED BY VACUUM-ARC DEPOSITION METHOD". W Modernization of research area: national prospects and European practices. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-221-0-1.
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Nowadays increased interest is shown in ZrN coatings, which have high erosion resistance, strength in combination with a fairly high hardness. Among the various ion-plasma techniques, vacuum-arc is one of the most versa-tile processes due to the high degree of ionization of the flow of film-forming particles and good adhesion properties of coatings to the substrate. The purpose of the paper is problem of structural engineering of vacuum-arc ZrN coatings is acute in order to predictably obtain the necessary functional physical and mechanical characteristics. Methodology. The study of the structure and phase composition of research samples of ZrN coatings was carried out by methods of optical, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis. The elemental composition was determined using the X-ray fluorescence method and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Mechanical tests of materials were performed in the mode of microindentation, in particular – active loading, using the Berkovich pyramid (installation according to ISO 14577). Results. It is established that the formation of the bitexture state with the axes [111] + [311] occurs under the action of the impulse bias potential (Ui) -800 V, even at the lowest constant bias potential (Uc) -27 V. In ZrN coatings at high values of Uc = -200 V, in the whole range of pulse potentials, is the formation of the texture with the axis [111]. The change in substructural characteristics is nonmonotonic. Growth is observed. A generalized diagram of the axial texture axis is constructed, with the help of which it is possible to choose those deposition conditions that will provide coatings with a given set of properties. Proposed the integral parameter PU = pN (Uc + τ ∙ f ∙ Ui) for the analysis of the obtained data. Practical implications. Based on the proposed physical concepts, the conditions for obtaining ion-plasma vacuum-arc coatings ZrN, which affect the structure, substructure and mechanical properties, have been developed. Value/originality. Physical mechanisms in the formation of the ZrN phase, when radiation damage occurs and at the same time the process of relaxation of structural defects, which are realized under the action of heat fluxes. Depending on the intensity and duty cycle of high-energy impact, the corresponding axial textures, internal stresses, and, as a consequence, a change in functional properties are formed.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Integral Energy (Firm)"
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Gosz, M., i A. F. Okyar. "Analysis of Interfacial Fracture in Thin Films Subjected to Thermal Loading". W ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0625.
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Abstract We consider the problem of a three-dimensional interface crack between a film and a substrate to gain a better understanding of how the problem of peeling in film-substrate material systems subjected to thermal loading can be alleviated. We assume that the crack lies in the plane of the interface and is located at one of the free comers of the structure. The fracture parameters (mixed mode stress intensity factors, phase angles and the energy release rate) along the crack front are obtained using an interaction energy integral technique developed by Gosz et al. (1998) for analysis of three dimensional, bimaterial interface cracks. The technique is a very accurate domain integral method that is employed as a post-processing step after a finite element solution for the stress, strain, and displacement fields in the solid has been obtained. In the paper, we investigate the effect of film thickness on the fracture parameters and the results are discussed.
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Biswas, Kaushik, Yuan Zheng i Jay Gore. "Spectral Radiation Properties of a Turbulent Ethylene Pool Fire". W ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2008-56310.
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In the present work, line-of-sight spectral radiation intensities (Iλ) were measured in a 7.1 cm ethylene (C2H4) buoyant diffusion flame, designed to mimic pool fires. Various time series statistics were calculated using the radiation data. Both soot and gaseous species had significant radiation emissions, emphasizing the need for spectrally-resolved radiation measurements. Significant fluctuations were observed in the radiation intensities from the fire, especially at higher elevations and near the flame edges. In addition, root-mean-square (rms) and probability density functions (PDF) of Iλ indicated higher fluctuations in soot compared to gaseous species. Autocorrelations of Iλ showed periodic oscillations due to the puffing phenomenon typically seen in pool fires. The observed oscillation frequencies ranged from 7.47 to 7.86 Hz and are in excellent agreement with empirical correlations based on past data. Characteristic frequencies of these oscillations were also reflected in the power spectral densities (PSD) of Iλ. Based on the measured autocorrelations of Iλ, it was observed that the integral time scales decrease with increasing height above the burner exit, which is expected since mean velocities increase with height due to combustion-induced buoyancy in pool fires and buoyant flames.
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Ghosh, Koushik, Achintya Mukhopadhyay, Swarnendu Sen i Dipankar Sanyal. "An Integral Approach for Predicting Vapour Film Collapse and Growth Around a Hot Sphere in Subcooled Water". W ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-16261.
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The phase-change heat transfer has attracted researchers for its wide range of industrial applications like solidification in liquid containers, cooling of phase change material storage, combustion of spherical droplets and vapour explosion with associated film boiling and film collapse around molten drop in a coolant liquid. Major features of phase-change processes are heat transfer among multiple phases, mass transfer caused by latent heat of phase change and movement of phase interface. In present work a sphericosymmetric numerical model is developed to predict very rapid collapse of a vapour film around a hot melt immersed in a pool of subcooled water. The governing equations for the vapour film and the liquid were transformed into a number of non-linear ordinary differential equations by an integral approach assuming a quadratic temperature profile in both vapour and liquid domain while the melt was modelled as lumped mass. The energy balance across liquid vapour interface was incorporated by an equilibrium phase change model. The contribution of radiation from melt to the interface was considered assuming the vapour film to be non-participating. The non-linear ODE-s was solved by a fourth order Runge-Kutta method. The model was validated against some of the available solutions of liquid-vapour system. The present model shows excellent agreement in predicting growth of a solidification front in a saturated liquid (Stefan problem). The growth of a bubble in a superheated liquid was also validated with the available analytical solution. The results obtained from developed model for film collapse and growth around a hot melt in subcooled liquid were compared with a more accurate numerical model based on Volume of fluid method (VOF). It is found that the present model is able to capture successfully the rapid collapse of film due to condensation with computational time of one order less as compared to VOF based model. The film shows a very fast rebound (~ ms) due to faster condensation around liquid-vapour interface, following which a slower growth of vapour film is observed for different subcooling level.
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Wang, Guodong, Shengjie Wei, Chenxiao Ni, Di Zhang i Zhe Wang. "Application of GOTHIC8.0 3D Model to Simulate Heat Removal Process in Containment Safety Verification via Integral Test (CERT)". W 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67560.
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The purpose of this study is to establish a detailed three-dimensional (3D) model of containment safety verification via integral test (CERT) using the containment code GOTHIC 8.0. This paper presents the model construction and a typical CERT case for the model evaluation. In the typical CERT case, steam with high mass and energy is released to the test vessel to simulate the passive containment response during main steamline break (MSLB) accident. Heat removal process is accomplished primarily by absorption of energy by the gas volume and structures inside vessel, by condensation of steam on the inside shell surface, by heat conduction through the steel shell, and by evaporation of water film covered on the outer vessel shell surface. The main results of the typical CERT case are qualitatively compared with the results obtained from simulations with GOTHIC 8.0 code. From comparison, a verification of the code in terms of pressurization, temperature response, steam condensation and water film evaporation are carried out. The code analysis results are of significance on the research of thermal hydraulic phenomena which occur in the passive containment cooling system (PCS) during accidental sequences.
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Hubble, David O., Thomas E. Diller i Pavlos P. Vlachos. "An Investigation of the Physical Mechanism of Heat Transfer Augmentation in Boundary Layer Flows Subject to Freestream Turbulence". W ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2008-56302.
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Water tunnel experiments have been performed to examine how large scale, high intensity freestream turbulence affects heat transfer through a laminar flat plate boundary layer. Time-Resolved Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (TRDPIV) was used to examine the flow field along with time-resolved heat transfer from the wall. The surface heat flux was measured with a newly developed thin-film sensor called the Heat Flux Array (HFA) capable of measuring heat flux at 10 locations at frequencies to 35 Hz. Freestream conditions were controlled using passive grids producing turbulence intensities of 5.5% with integral length scales of 2 and 3.5cm. This was shown to increase mean convective heat transfer coefficients by up to 15% with fluctuations to 40% above cases of very low freestream turbulence. It was also shown that fluctuations in heat flux convected at approximately half the freestream velocity.
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Li, Yujie, Guangyou Hong, Zixuan Peng, Jipeng Wang, Jiarui Xu, Guoyi Yu, Chengjun Huang i Chao Wang. "A Novel Area-Efficient Fast CORDIC for Energy-efficient Adaptive Exponential Integrate and Fire Neuron Design". W 2021 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits, Technologies and Applications (ICTA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icta53157.2021.9661975.
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Conceição, Eusébio, João Gomes, Maria Manuela Lúcio, Domingos Viegas i Teresa Viegas. "Heat Transfer in a Pine Tree Trunk". W 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002775.
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This article presents a numerical study on the heat and mass transfer in a pine trunk under the effect of a forest fire. The numerical model of the pine trunk is based on energy balance integral and differential equations. The virtual trunk geometry was developed using grid generation. The radiation heat exchanges are evaluated between the pine trunk and the plan surface of the front fire. These radiative exchanges are evaluated using view factors considering the grid generation in the tree and front fire. A fire front propagation at a constant fire spread rate of 0.01 m/s and a flame temperature of 500ºC were considered in this study. The field temperature evolution in the external surface and inside the pine trunk was obtained considering wind speed fluctuations with three different frequencies. In general, pine trunk temperatures increase with decreasing frequency of wind speed fluctuations.
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Gifford, Andrew R., Thomas E. Diller i Pavlos P. Vlachos. "An Investigation of the Physical Mechanism of Heat Transfer Augmentation in Stagnating Flows Subject to Freestream Turbulence". W ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2008-56228.
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Experiments have been performed in a water tunnel facility to examine the physical mechanism of heat transfer augmentation by freestream turbulence in classical Hiemenz flow. A unique experimental approach to studying the problem is developed and demonstrated herein. Time-Resolved Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (TRDPIV) and a new variety of thin film heat flux sensor called the Heat Flux Array (HFA) are used simultaneously to measure the spatio-temporal influence of coherent structures on the heat transfer coefficient as they approach and interact with the stagnation region. Velocity measurements of grid generated freestream turbulence are first performed to quantify the turbulence intensity, integral length scale, and isotropy of the flow. Laminar flow and heat transfer at low levels of freestream turbulence (Tux ≅ 0.5–1.0%) are then examined to provide baseline flow characteristics and heat transfer coefficient. Similar experiments using the turbulence grid are then performed to examine the effects of turbulence with mean turbulence intensity, Tux ≅ 5.5%, and integral length scale, Λx ∼ 3.25 cm. At a mean Reynolds number of ReD = 21,000 an average increase in the mean heat transfer coefficient of 43% above the laminar level was observed. To better understand the mechanism of this augmentation, flow structures in the stagnation region are identified using a coherent structure identification scheme and tracked in time using a customized tracking algorithm. Tracking these structures reveals a complex flow field in the vicinity of the stagnation region. Filaments of vorticity from the freestream are amplified near the plate surface leading to the formation of counterrotating vortex pairs and single sweeping vortex structures. By comparing the transient heat flux measurements with the tracked vortex structures it is clear that heat transfer augmentation is due primarily to amplification of stream-wise vorticity and subsequent vortex formation near the surface. The vortex strength, length scale, and distance from the stagnation plate are key parameters affecting augmentation. Finally, a mechanistic model is examined which captures the physical interaction near the wall. Model results agree well with measured heat transfer augmentation.
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Kwon, M. W., K. Park, M. H. Baek, S. Hwang, T. Jang, T. Kim, J. Lee i B. G. Park. "Capacitor-less Leaky Integrate and Fire Neuron Circuit Using Positive Feedback Field Effect Transistor for Low Energy Consumption". W 2018 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2018.b-3-02.
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Yan, Zhenghua, Bengt Sunden i Michael A. Delichatsios. "Analysis of Flame Radiative Heat Transfer Using Large Eddy Simulation". W ASME 2009 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the InterPACK09 and 3rd Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2009-88202.
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A series of comprehensive large eddy simulations of non-premixed turbulent hydrocarbon flames of different sizes in a typical fire scenario have been carried out to compute the flame radiative heat transfer. In the simulation, considerations include the modelling of sub-grid turbulence, turbulent combustion, soot formation, thermal radiation and interactive heat transfer inside solid walls, etc. The instantaneous thermal radiation was calculated using the discrete transfer method with the radiation property evaluated by both an approximated fast narrow band model and an integral model. Simulation was validated against experimental data. Flame radiation heat transfer was compared for flames of different sizes. The effect of thermal radiation property evaluation model on calculation of radiation and the role of thermal radiation in total heat transfer are analyzed.