Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Inspiratory capacity”
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Plachi, Franciele. "Investigação da hiperinsuflação pulmonar dinâmica durante o exercício e sua relação com a força dos músculos inspiratórios em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158307.
Pełny tekst źródłaBACKGROUNG: It has been described that patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) may present with dynamic reduction in inspiratory capacity (IC), which was associated with low peak aerobic capacity. Little information is currently available about whether this reduction is related to respiratory mechanics abnormalities or to impaired inspiratory muscle function. OBJECTIVE: To compare inspiratory muscle activity and intensity of dyspnea during exercise in stable patients with CHF presenting (Group 1) or not (Group 2) with dynamic reduction in IC. METHODS: We studied 16 clinically stable, non obese patients with CHF (11 males, 30 ± 5% ejection fraction) treated according to current evidence-based guidelines with no other systemic diseases or spirometric evidence of airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC = 83 ± 5%). They performed incremental cardiopulmonary cycle exercise test with serial measurements of IC, dyspnea rating (Borg), and continuous monitoring of esophageal (Pes) and gastric (Pga) pressures. Transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) was obtained from Pga–Pes. Sniff and maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) maneuvers were compared at rest and immediately post exercise. RESULTS: Four patients (25%, Group 1) showed IC reduction during exercise (-0.18 ± 0.02 vs 0.28 ± 0.19L; p<0.05). There were no significant between-groups differences in lung function and echocardiographic variables, except for a lower functional residual capacity (72 ± 9 vs 97 ± 17%; p < 0.05) in Group 1 and a lower MIP (-101 ± 25 vs 67 ± 24 cm H2O; p < 0.05) in Group 2. Pes,Sniff (Group 1: -77.9 ± 8.7 to -79.6 ± 8.8; Group 2: -63.3 ± 4.8 to -66.3 ± 3.8 cmH2O) and Pdi,Sniff (Group 1: 116.3 ± 13.9 to 118.3 ± 14.2; Group 2: 92.3 ± 5.6 to 98.0 ± 6.0 cmH2O) did not significantly decrease with exercise. Despite Pga and Pdi felt along successive IC maneuvers in Group 1, Pes did not differ between groups. Dyspnea was also similar between groups. Finally, inspiratory reserve volume was lower in Group 1 only at peak exercise (0.90 ± 0.08 vs 1.47 ± 0.21L; p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Decrements in exercise IC in some patients with CHF seems accompanied by a dynamic impairment in diaphragm strength that is fully compensated by other inspiratory rib cage muscles. Group 1 presented similar dyspnea compared to Group 2 probably because they stopped exercise before reaching critical ventilatory constraints to tidal volume expansion.
Gazzana, Marcelo Basso. "Investigação da hiperinsuflação pulmonar dinâmica durante o exercício e sua relação com a força dos músculos inspiratórios em pacientes com hipertensão arterial pulmonar". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/119416.
Pełny tekst źródłaRationale: The exercise induced inspiratory capacity (IC) reduction observed in some patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) could potentially be influenced by respiratory muscle dysfunction. Aims: To investigate if there is any relationship between IC and respiratory muscle strength before and after maximal exercise and to study the contribution of respiratory muscle pressure and IC in exercise dyspnea and capacity in PAH patients. Methods: 27 patients with PAH and 12 healthy matched controls were compared. All participants underwent cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) with serial IC measurements. Inspiratory and expiratory maximal mouth pressure (PImax and PEmax, respectively) were measured before and at peak/post exercise. Results: Patients had lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) (with similar FEV1/FVC ratio) and peak aerobic capacity and higher exercise dyspnea. PImax and PEmax were significantly lower in PAH patients compared to controls. However, post exercise variations from rest were not significant different in either group. Patients presented significant rest-to-peak reduction in IC compared to controls. 17/27 patients (63%) exhibited IC reduction during exercise. Considering only patients, there was no association between IC and PImax or PEmax (pre, post exercise or change from rest). Comparing patients with and without IC reduction, there was no difference in the proportion of patients presenting inspiratory (41 vs 44%) or expiratory (76 vs 89%) pressure reduction after exercise, respectively. In the same way, no difference in both inspiratory and expiratory respiratory pressure change with exercise was observed comparing these subgroups. Conclusions: In summary, respiratory muscle strength was significantly lower in PAH patients compared to controls and a significant proportion of PAH presented IC reduction during exercise. Nonetheless, no associations between IC and respiratory muscle strength changes with exercise were observed, suggesting a true dynamic lung hyperinflation. Additionally, the only parameter associated with exercise induced dyspnea was resting IC and with peak aerobic capacity was the magnitude of PEmax reduction after exercise.
Sehlin, Maria. "Resistance breathing with PEP and CPAP : effects on respiratory parameters". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-94650.
Pełny tekst źródłaDumke, Anelise. "Efeitos da facilitação neuromuscular proprioceptiva aplicada à musculatura acessória da respiração sobre variáveis pulmonares e ativação muscular em pacientes com DPOC". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/60763.
Pełny tekst źródłaBACKGROUND: The mechanical disadvantage induced by hyperinflation forces chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients to use their accessory respiratory muscles. In COPD patients the effects of applying stretching techniques to these muscles are not well understood. AIM: The aims of our study were: a) to compare the activation of accessory respiratory muscles in patients with COPD and control subjects and study the relationship between muscle activation and inspiratory capacity (IC); b) to analyze the effects of a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching technique applied to the accessory respiratory muscles on patients with COPD. METHODS: We studied 30 male COPD and 30 control subjects. All subjects underwent spirometry, measurement of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP, MEP) and assessment of muscle activation by surface electromyography (sEMG). COPD patients were randomized for PNF of accessory respiratory muscles or isometric contraction of the biceps (sham treatment; ST). Mean forced vital capacity (FVC), IC, MIP, MEP, pulse oximetry (SpO2) and thoracic expansion were measured before and after intervention. RESULTS: Baseline values of COPD patients were: FVC 2.69 ± 0.6 l, FEV1 1.07 ± 0.23 l (34.9 ± 8.2%), IC 2.25 ± 0.5l, PImax -71.8 ± 19.8 cmH2O and PEmax 106.1 ± 29.9 cmH2O. Control subjects had all baseline values normal. Patients with COPD showed higher activation of both scalene and right intercostal muscles at rest and of left intercostal and left scalene muscle during the IC maneuver (p <0.05). Moderate correlation was observed between CI and the right sternocleidomastoid muscle activity (r = -0.41, p = 0.026) and left scalene (r = -0.40, p = 0.031) in patients with COPD. No association was observed in the control group. CI varied (OCI) 0.083 ± 0.04 l after PNF and -0.029 ± 0.015 l after ST (p = 0.03). The MEP increased from 102.4 ± 20.6 to 112.4 ± 24.5 cmH2O (p = 0.02) after PNF and did not change significantly after TS. There was a significant increase in the SpO2 with PNF (p=0.02). There was no change in FVC, MIP or thoracic mobility after PNF. There was no change in EMG after PNF or TS. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that patients with COPD have greater activation of accessory respiratory muscles at rest and during CI compared with controls, and that this activation is inversely associated with CI. Our study also demonstrated that a session of PNF applied to the accessory respiratory muscles in patients with COPD increased CI, MEP and SpO2, with no change in the sEMG signal. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of PNF applied to the acessory respiratory muscles on patients with COPD.
Borile, Suellen. "Resposta cardiovascular do exercício agudo da musculatura inspiratória em pacientes com cardiomiopatia hipertensiva ou chagásica". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-04112010-114159/.
Pełny tekst źródłaPatients with heart failure (HF) may show weakness of respiratory muscles. The inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been used in this population to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, however, does not know the safety and hemodynamic changes that may occur during a session of exercise model. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the cardiovascular response during acute inspiratory muscle exercise (AIME) in patients with HF associated with hypertensive cardiomyopathy (HCM) or Chagas (CCM). Initially, the patients responded to the questionnaire of quality of life of Minnesota and the test sequence performed by respiratory muscle strength equipment MVD300 digital manometer. Those patients who had inspiratory muscle weakness (values 70% predicted maximal inspiratory pressure - MIP) were AIME. During the basal (resting) and AIME recorded indirectly and non-invasive blood pressure curves (BP) beat to beat with the equipment Finometer. We also monitor the heart rate by electrocardiogram and respiration using the respiratory belt. The protocol was performed with patients sitting and lasted 25 minutes (10 min baseline, 10 min AIME and 5 min recovery). The exercise was carried out with the equipment inspiratory threshold load of 30% of MIP. The protocol of the AIME was performed for 27 patients with HCM and 9 patients with CCM (LVEF <45%), however, seven patients (26%) in group HCM not finalized the protocol for having elevated systolic BP 20mmHg and refer exhaustion. All patients in CCM group completed the scheduled time of the AIME, but reported heavy fatigue at the end of the exercise. When comparing the basal. vs. exercise (value ) for both groups (HCM and CCM), we found significant increases in: Systolic BP ( = 9 ± 2 e = 7,6 ± 3 mmHg), diastolic BP ( = 4,8 ± 1 e = 4,2 ± 1 mmHg), HR ( = 5,5 ± 1,2 e = 6,6 ± 3 bpm) e PD ( = 1327 ± 208 e = 1319 ± 373 mmHg.bpm); the HCM group also showed a significant increase in CO ( = 0,36 ± 0,1 l/min), CI ( = 0,2 ± 0,1 l/min/m2), dp/dt ( = 118 ± 35 mmHg/s) e SPTI ( = 1,98 ± 0,6 mmHg.s). The autonomic modulation was similar in both groups at baseline and during exercise there was an increase in vagal modulation in the group HCM ( = 258 ± 115 ms2). Our results demonstrate that the AIME caused significant hemodynamic changes in patients of both groups, but no clinical significance in most areas. A quarter (26%) patients with HCM showed exacerbated response of SBP, reported exhaustion and therefore could not perform the predetermined time (10 min) of the AIME. Thus, we conclude that before the indications of IMT (3 x 10 min / day) is necessary to carry out an exercise session with cardiac and respiratory monitoring, to evaluate whether or not the security alert to this type of exercise patients with HF of different etiologies
Roquejani, Augusto Cesar. "Influencia da posição corporal na medida da pressão inspiratoria maxima (PImax) e da pressão expiratoria maxima (PEmax) em voluntarios adultos sadios". [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312005.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T17:41:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roquejani_AugustoCesar_M.pdf: 2613455 bytes, checksum: a888c619f46d4381690233c544cf9345 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: As medidas da PImáx e PEmáx são utilizadas para avaliar a força da musculatura respiratória. Porém, o efeito da posição corporal sobre essas medidas não se encontra bem estabelecido na literatura. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de diversas posições corporais nos valores da PImáx e PEmáx. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo e aberto, em que foram avaliados 50 indivíduos saudáveis (25 homens e 25 mulheres), com idade entre 18 e 55 anos, em sete diferentes decúbitos [sentado (PRE), Trendelenburg (TREND), prona, 0°, decúbitos lateral direito (DLD) e esquerdo (DLE) e 45°]. Foram também analisadas as influências do sexo sobre essas variáveis. RESULTADOS: O maior valor da PImáx (média ± DP) foi de -79,4 ± 21,7 cmH2O em 45° nas mulheres e de -82,8 ± 21,3 cmH2O em DLD no homem (p = NS) e o menor em TREND (-64,3 ± 21,6 cmH2O versus -79,1 ± 22,3 cmH2O; p < 0,05). Com relação à PEmáx todos os valores no sexo masculino foram maiores que no feminino (p < 0,0001), sem influência da posição corporal. CONCLUSÕES: Determinadas posições corporais e o sexo influenciaram nas medidas de PImáx. Com relação às medidas da PEmáx, apenas a influência do sexo foi significativa
Abstract: Measurements of PImax and PEmax are useful to evaluate respiratory muscle strength. However, the effects of body position on these variables are not well established in the literature. The objective if this study was to evaluate the influence of different body positions on PImax and PEmax values. METHODS: Prospective, open label study, in which 50 adult healthy volunteers (25 males e 25 females), aging 18-55 years, were evaluated in seven different positions: sitting (PRE), Trendelenburg (TREND), prone, 0°, right lateral (RLD) and left lateral (LLD) decubitus and 45°. The influence of gender on these variables was also analyzed. RESULTS: The greatest Plmax value (mean ± SD) was -79.4 ± 21.7 cmH2O at 45° in females and -82.8 ± 21.3 cmH2O at RDL in males (p=NS) and the smallest at TREND (-64,3 ± 21.6 cmH2O versus -79.1 ± 22,3 cmH2O; p<0.05). PEmax values were ever greater in males than in females (p < 0.0001), without influence of body position. CONCLUSIONS: In adult healthy volunteers, some body positions and gender have had significant influence on PImax values. Otherwise, PEmax values have been influenced only by gender.
Mestrado
Pesquisa Experimental
Mestre em Cirurgia
Sabapathy, Surendran, i n/a. "Acute and Chronic Adaptations To Intermittent and Continuous Exercise in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients". Griffith University. School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070115.170236.
Pełny tekst źródłaOliveira, Flávia Roberta Rocha de. "Influência da reserva ventilatória na mobilidade diafragmática em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica". Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2015. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1841.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) have reduced diaphragmatic mobility (DM) and ventilatory reserve (VR). DM has demonstrated relationship with lung function, air trapping, lung hyperinflation, distance covered on the six-minute walk test (6MWT), mortality and dyspnea in patients with COPD. Similarly, VR is correlated with exercise capacity, disease severity and dyspnea. However, there are no studies investigating whether static hyperinflation and VR influence DM in patients with COPD. Objective: To investigate the influence of static hyperinflation and VR on DM in patients with COPD, as well as to compare the anthropometric characteristics, spirometric data, DM, dyspnea and submaximal exercise capacity among VR> 11l / minute (l / min) and VR <11l / min groups. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that evaluated 42 patients with COPD. On the first day, patients underwent the following assessments: anthropometry, vital signs, spirometry and dyspnea. On the second day, patients performed the six-minute walk test and after one week, DM was evaluated by radiographic method considering the distance between maximal inspiration and expiration (DMdist). The sample was divided into VR > 11l / min and VR <11l / min groups for the comparison of anthropometric characteristics, spirometric data, DM, dyspnea and submaximal exercise capacity. Statistical analysis: Data normality was tested by Shapiro Wilk. According to data distribution, parametric or nonparametric test was used. Simple linear regression found the influence of lung hyperinflation and VR on DM. The Pearson s linear correlation coefficient correlated DM with static hyperinflation and VR. The t test for independent samples or the Mann Whitney U test was used to compare VR> 11l / min and VR <11l / min groups. Significance level of 5% (p <0.05). Results: Static hyperinflation influenced DM by 46%, i.e., to increase 1 liter in inspiratory capacity (IC), DM increased 1.56 cm (p 0.001, F = 34.55), while VR influenced only 25%, and for every increase of 1 l / min of VR, DM increased by 0.38 mm (p = 0.001, F =13.78). By comparing VR >11l / min and VR < 11l / min groups, it was found that in the VR <11l / min group, patients were older (69 ± 5 versus 61 ± 8 years) and showed reduction in the following variables: IC, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), DM, worse submaximal exercise capacity and increased dyspnea. Conclusions: Static hyperinflation and VR influence DM. However, hyperinflation exerts greater influence on DM compared to VR. In addition, patients with COPD who have VR <11l / min are more committed both in the lung function and DM as in submaximal exercise capacity and dyspnea when compared to patients with COPD with who have VR> 11l / min.
Pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) apresentam redução da mobilidade diafragmática (MD) e da reserva ventilatória (RV). A MD tem demonstrado relação com a função pulmonar, aprisionamento de ar, hiperinsuflação pulmonar, distância percorrida no teste da caminhada de seis minutos (TC6min), mortalidade e dispneia em pacientes com DPOC. Da mesma forma, a RV apresenta relação com a capacidade de exercício, gravidade da doença e dispneia. Contudo não há estudos que investiguem se a RV influencia a MD em pacientes com DPOC. Objetivo: Investigar a influência da RV na MD em pacientes com DPOC, bem como comparar as características antropométricas, função pulmonar, MD, dispneia e capacidade de exercício entre os grupos RV >11litros/minuto (l/min) e RV <11l/min. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo com delineamento transversal, no qual foram avaliados 42 pacientes com DPOC de ambos os sexos e idade média de 64±8 anos. No primeiro dia, os pacientes foram submetidos às seguintes avaliações: antropometria, sinais vitais, espirometria e dispneia. No segundo dia foram submetidos ao TC6min, e após uma semana foi avaliada a MD pelo método radiográfico da distância entre a inspiração e expiração máxima (MDdist). A amostra foi subdividida nos grupos RV >11l/min e RV <11l/min para comparação das características antropométricas, dados espirométricos, MD, dispneia e capacidade submáxima de exercício. Análise estatística: A normalidade dos dados foi testada pelo teste de Shapiro Wilk. Conforme a distribuição dos dados utilizou-se um teste paramétrico ou não paramétrico. O coeficiente de correlação linear de Pearson correlacionou a RV com a MD. O teste de regressão linear simples verificou a influência da RV na MD. O teste t de Student para amostras independentes ou o teste U de Mann Whitney foi usado para comparação dos grupos RV >11l/min e RV <11l/min. Adotou-se nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Resultados: A RV influenciou em 25% a MD, sendo que para cada aumento de 1 l/min da RV, a MD aumentou em 0,38 mm (p=0,001, F=13,78). Ao comparar os grupos RV ˃ 11l/min e RV ˂ 11l/min, constatou-se que no grupo RV ˂11l/min os pacientes eram mais idosos (69±5 versus 61±8 anos) e apresentaram menores valores das variáveis: CI, volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1), MD, pior capacidade submáxima de exercício e maior dispneia. Conclusões: A RV influencia a MD. Além disso, pacientes com DPOC que apresentaram RV <11l/min são mais comprometidos tanto na função pulmonar e MD quanto na capacidade submáxima de exercício e dispneia, em comparação a pacientes com DPOC que apresentam RV >11l/min.
Gass, Ricardo. "Investigação dos efeitos de dois níveis de pressão expiratória positiva nas vias aéreas sobre a dispneia, hiperinsuflação pulmonar dinâmica e tolerância ao exercício em portadores de Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/159082.
Pełny tekst źródłaIntroduction: The application of expiratory positive aiway pressure (EPAP) in COPD patients during exercise may reduce dynamic hyperinflation (DH), and consequently dyspnea, while, on the other hand, can increase the resistive work of breathing. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of two intensities of EPAP on inspiratory capacity, dyspnea and exercise tolerance in patients with moderate to very-severe COPD. Methods: Cross-sectional, experimental, 4-visit study. In the Visit 1, participants performed symptom-limited cycling incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). In Visits 2-4, at least 48hrs apart, in a randomized order, they performed constant CPET (ctCPET) without EPAP, EPAP with 5cmH2O (EPAP5), or EPAP with 10cmH2O (EPAP10). Results: The study included 15 non-hypoxemic subjects ranging from moderate-to-very-severe COPD (mean FEV1=35.3 ± 10.9% of predicted). Successive intensities of EPAP during ctCPET tended to cause a progressive reduction in exercise tolerance (p=0.11). Of note, 10 of 15 presented shorter exercise duration when EPAP10 was compared to the test without EPAP (-151±105s, p<0.01 or -41±26%). Moreover, significant constraint to minute-ventilation, at expenses of limited tidal volume expansion, was observed with EPAP (p<0.05). Finally, dyspnea sensation and IC measurements were similar during exercise among the interventions. Conclusion: Progressive levels of EPAP during exercise tented to cause a progressive reduction in exercise tolerance in COPD patients without improvement in exercise dyspnea and DH.
Sabapathy, Surendran. "Acute and Chronic Adaptations To Intermittent and Continuous Exercise in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients". Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366117.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science
Full Text
Ferreira, Glória Menz. "Efeito do treinamento muscular inspiratório sobre a capacidade funcional e a qualidade de vida de pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar crônica". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/52949.
Pełny tekst źródłaIntroduction: Besides showing pulmonary hypertension (PH), decreased functional capacity, quality of life and survival, patients also present respiratory muscle weakness, which may contribute to increased fatigue and dyspnea symptoms. Objectives: Evaluate the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on functional capacity, quality of life, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary function and level of physical activity. Methods: Twelve chronic PH patients randomized to a control group (n = 7) and an IMT group (n = 5) were studied. The IMT program was performed for 8 weeks. The following measures were obtained before and after the program: respiratory muscle function; function capacity (6-min walk test); pulmonary artery pressure; quality of life (SF-36); and level de physical activity (IPAQ). Results: Maximal inspiratory pressure (PI,max) was higher in the IMT group than in the control group (105.2±6.6 vs 82.9±6.1; p=0.01), and the mental health score by SF-36 increased in de IMT group (from 70.4±21.6 to 80±14.4; p=0.05). However, the six-min walk test did not change after the IMT program. Conclusions: This study indicates that IMT results in improvement in inspiratory muscle strength and in the quality of life regarding PH.
Araujo, Cintia Laura Pereira de. "Efeito agudo do freno labial na hiperinsuflação dinâmica induzida pelo exercício e AVD em pacientes com DPOC". Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2013. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1811.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Evidence has shown that dynamic hyperinflation (DH) is an important factor leading to dyspnea and consequent limitations in functional capacity of COPD patients. It is not been completely elucidated whether the pursed-lips breathing (PLB) is able to minimize DH and its effects on exercise tolerance in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of PLB on DH and functional capacity in patients with COPD. Twenty-five patients with COPD (16 men, mean age 64±7 years, FEV1=41.7±14.7% predicted, BMI=27.6±5.13kg/m2) randomly performed two six-minute walk tests with and without PLB (6MWTPLB and 6MWTNon-PLB) and two Glittre-ADL tests with and without PLB (TGlittrePLB e TGlittreNon-PLB). At baseline and immediately after the tests, the inspiratory capacity (IC) was assessed by the slow vital capacity (SVC) maneuver. The 6MWTNon-PLB and TGlittreNon-PLB induced similar DH magnitude (0.22±0.24L and. 0.31±0.23L respectively; p>0.05). PLB did not improve DH induced by the 6MWT (0.24±0.20L PLB and 0.22±0,24L non-PLB, respectively; p>0.05). DH in the TGlittrePLB was significantly lower than TGlittreNon-PLB (0.19±0.20L and 0.31±0.23L, respectively; p=0.02). PLB did not improve exercise tolerance neither on the 6MWT (457±63m PLB and 466±71m Non-PLB, respctively; p>0.05) or on the TGlittre (4.38min PLB and 4.23min Non-PLB, respectively; p>0.05). In conclusion, PLB reduced DH only on TGlittre and did not improve functional capacity.
Evidências têm demonstrado que a hiperinsuflação dinâmica é um dos fatores que levam a dispneia e consequente limitação na capacidade funcional de indivíduos com DPOC. Não está completamente elucidado se o freno labial (FL) é capaz de minimizar a hiperinsuflação dinâmica e seus efeitos na tolerância ao exercício nesses pacientes. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos agudos do freno labial na hiperinsuflação dinâmica e na tolerância ao exercício em pacientes com DPOC moderada a muito grave. Vinte e cinco pacientes com DPOC (16 homens, 64±7 anos, VEF1=41,7±14,7% do previsto, IMC=27,6±5,13kg/m2) realizaram em dois dias, de forma aleatória dois testes de caminhada de seis minutos com e sem freno labial (TC6MFL e TC6MSem-FL) e dois testes de AVD-Glittre com e sem freno labial (TGlittreFL e TGlittreSem-FL). Antes e após cada teste foi avaliada a capacidade inspiratória (CI), por meio de espirometria simples com manobra de capacidade vital lenta (CVL) para avaliar a hiperinsuflação dinâmica (HD). O TC6MSem- FL e TGlittreSem-FL induziram similar magnitude de HD (0.22±0.24L vs. 0.31±0.23L; p>0.05). HD induzida pelo TGlittreFL foi significativamente menor que a induzida pelo TGlittreSem-FL (0.19±0.20L vs. 0.31±0.23L; p=0.02). FL não melhorou a HD induzida pelo TC6M (0.24±0.20L FL vs. 0.22±0,24L Sem-FL; p>0.05). FL não melhorou o desempenho no TC6M (457±63m FL vs. 466±71m Sem-FL; p>0.05); nem no TGlittre (4.38min FL vs. 4.23min Sem-FL; p>0.05). Conclui-se que o FL reduziu apenas a HD induzida pelo TGlittre e não melhorou o desempenho nos testes.
Abeijón, Insua Benedicta. "Efectes de l'entrenament del diafragma i músculs accessoris de la inspiració en atletes d'èlit. Balanç inflamatori/anti-inflamatori i impacte funcional específic i sistèmic sobre la capacitat d'exercici". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4532.
Pełny tekst źródłaHipótesis de trabajo
Nuestra hipótesis fue que el EMR es capaz de aumentar la fuerza y la resistencia de los músculos respiratorios (MR) y la capacidad aeróbica total, así como desensibilizar a la disnea.
Objetivos
Nuestros objetivos principales fueron medir el efecto del EMR sobre la fuerza y la resistencia de los MR, así como sobre la capacidad aeróbica. También se midieron los efectos del EMR sobre la eficiencia respiratoria y la reserva ante la fatiga, así como los parámetros de daño muscular y de inflamación.
Material y métodos
Inicialmente, se realizó una evaluación previa a los atletas consistente en la medición de: presión inspiratoria máxima (PIM), presión espiratoria máxima (PEM), fuerza en mano dominante y no dominante, una prueba de esfuerzo en cicloergómetro, y una prueba de carga máxima tolerada (CMT). En la prueba de CMT se midió la tendencia a la fatiga muscular respiratoria mediante el índice de presión-tiempo (Pti), la actividad muscular respiratoria (AMR) y la disnea mediante la escala de Börg en cada escalón de la prueba. También se realizó una medición antes y después de la prueba de CMT de citoquinas inflamatorias y marcadores de daño muscular. Concretamente, se midió IL-10, IL-6, RANTES, TNF-alfa, IL-1beta, TNF-R60, TNF-R80, IGF-I, IL-1ra y PCR. Para valorar el daño muscular, se midió CK, LDH y GOT.
A todos los atletas se les facilitó una válvula inspiratoria tipo umbral y un programa de EMR de 6 semanas de duración en base a su PIM inicial. Tras el EMR, se repitió la evaluación inicial.
Resultados
Dentro del estudio se realizaron 3 análisis diferenciados: Un primer análisis transversal comparativo entre los atletas y un grupo de sedentarios sanos; un segundo análisis longitudinal comparando antes y después del EMR; y un tercer análisis de correlaciones.
El análisis transversal comparativo con el grupo de sedentarios sanos mostró que los atletas tenían más fuerza inspiratoria y espiratoria, así como mayor resistencia de MR.
En el análisis longitudinal, tras el EMR se observó un aumento de la PIM y de la CMT, sin observarse cambios en la PEM ni la fuerza en manos. Se observó también un descenso del Pti y del AMR tras el entrenamiento a una misma carga, lo que indica menor tendencia a la fatiga y mayor eficiencia muscular respiratoria. También se observó descenso de la sensación disneica. No se observaron cambios en la capacidad aeróbica. Respecto a los niveles de citoquinas inflamatorias, se observó un aumento basal de RANTES, TNF-alfa, IL-1beta y IGF-I. Se observó también una aumento basal de CK.
En el análisis de correlaciones se observó que el grupo de fondistas presentó menor fuerza de MR, siendo el subgrupo que más mejoró tras el EMR.
Our study consisted of the application of a respiratory muscle training (RMT) program by means of an inspiratory threshold valve to a group of 19 elite athletes (7 long-distance runners, 7 cyclists and 5 march runners)
Hypothesis
Our hypothesis was that RMT was able to increase strength and resistance of respiratory muscles (RM), and total aerobic capacity, as well as desensitizing to dyspnoea.
Objectives
Our primary targets were to measure the effect of RMT on strength and resistance of RM, as well as on the aerobic capacity. In addition, the effects of RMT on respiratory efficiency and RM fatigue were measured, as well as muscular damage and inflammation parameters.
Material and methods
All athletes went under an initial evaluation, consisting of the measurement of: maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal espiratory pressure (MEP), hand strength in dominant and non-dominant hand, an effort test in cicloergometer, and a maximal tolerated load (MTL) test. In this test the pressure-time index (Pti), respiratory muscle activity (RMA), and dyspnoea by the Börg scale were measured in every step of the test. In addition, a measurement of inflammatory cytokines and markers of muscular damage was performed before and after the MTL test. Concretely, we measured IL-10, IL-6, RANTES, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TNF-R60, TNF-R80, IGF-I, IL-1ra and PCR. In order to evaluate muscular damage, CK, LDH and GOT were measured.
All athletes were given an inspiratory valve with a threshold system, and a training program of 6 weeks of duration on the basis of their initial MIP. After RMT, the initial evaluation was repeated.
Results
Within the study 3 differentiated analyses were made: A first comparative cross-sectional analysis between the athletes group and a group of healthy sedentary; a second longitudinal analysis comparing before and after RMT; and a third correlation analysis.
The cross-sectional analysis showed that athletes had higher inspiratory and espiratory strength, as well and greater RM resistance.
The longitudinal analysis after RMT showed an increase of MIP and MTL, without changes in MEP or hand strength. A decrease in Pti and RMA was also seen, that reflects a minor tendency towards fatigue and greater respiratory muscle efficiency. In addition, a decrease in dyspnoeic sensation was also seen. No changes were seen in aerobic capacity. With respect to inflammatory cytokines, a basal increase in RANTES, TNF-a, IL-1b and IGF-I was seen, as well as an increase in basal CK.
The correlation analysis showed that the long-distance runners had a lower RM strength, besides being the group that improved more after RMT.
Lin, Li-Chiu, i 林琍秋. "The effects of inspiratory muscle training on performance and antioxidant capacity". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19233131530606911624.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺北護理健康大學
運動保健研究所
102
Purpose:The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of inspiratory muscle training on performance and antioxidant capacity in male athletes athletic. Method:Sixteen elite athletes (mean age: 18 ± 2.3 years, mean height: 176.6 ± 5.8 cm, weight: 65.2 ± 6.0 kg) participated. The latter was assigned randomly to the training group (n = 8) and placebo group (n = 8).Both the training group and placebo group proceed for 4weeks IMT by using the inspiratory muscle trainer (POWERbreathe).All subjects pulmonary function, maximal oxygen uptake and antioxidant capacity tests respective before and after training period.The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA, repeated measures to examine any changes after training. The statistical significant level is determined at α =. 05. Results:First of all, on MVV and PImax were significant differences (P <.05) in the experimental group and placebo groups. Secondly, on FVC, VO2max, PEmax, HR and Lactate acid were no significant difference (P> .05) In parts of antioxidant capacity, SOD and MDA in the group reached a significant difference (P <.05). Conclusion: 4 weeks IMT could improve maximal inspiratory muscle strength and blood concentrations of SOD. Recommendations for future needs with physical training limb movement, perhaps in order to effectively enhance athletic performance.
WAN, YU-XIAN, i 萬昱賢. "Experimental investigation on Organic Rankine Cycle using scroll expanders with different inspiratory capacity". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w8hk24.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺北科技大學
製造科技研究所
106
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), both past and present in the world, is quite limited in experimental research. In particular, the ORC system, which has a scale of less than 1kWe, is very rare. Due to the smaller ORC system, due to the smaller components and fittings of the equipment, the actual assembly has higher measurement errors. Moreover, the existing equipment, such as the use of pump specifications are not suitable for micro-ORC system, so in the selection and calibration is an important issue. Therefore, the current research papers show that micro-ORC system in fact the size of the whole are quite large, and the system efficiency is quite low. The purpose of this study is to challenge the experiment and optimization design of micro-ORC system. The ORC system is designed by theoretical calculation, experimental planning, design and testing of different operating conditions and compact pipeline design. In addition, the micro-ORC system has a very worthwhile concern in practical testing. That is, it can test the use of important components such as heat exchangers and expanders. The results obtained are valid for the larger power generation ORC systems Words can be used as an important reference. In this study, the organic fluid R-245fa was chosen as the working fluid in the closed loop. The effect of different expander volume expanders on the whole system was explored by using scroll-type expanders with different inspiratory volumes. In addition, a series of experimental studies are also conducted on the flow of different simulated heat sources and the flow of cooling water.
Chang, Hui-Lin, i 張慧玲. "The effects of inspiratory muscle training on pulmonary function, 6-min walking capacity and body composition in obese adult". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04956589469591123733.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺北護理健康大學
運動保健研究所
103
Obesity can cause lung problems in the work of breathing and increase airway resistance. All these problems affect insufficient exercise tolerance, exertional dyspnea or fatigue, and obese people often meet obstacles in daily activities. The present study is to investigate the involvement of inspiratory muscle training on lung function in obese people, body composition, lipid and physical activity. In the northern part of Taiwan, the staff of a regional hospital, 28 subjects with BMI higher than 27%, using purposive sampling, are divided into experimental group(EXP) and the placebo group (PLA). Two groups are accepted twice before and after pulmonary function, inspiratory muscle pressure testing, lipid and physical activity testing(6-minute walk test, 6MWT; modified incremental shuttle walking test, MISWT). The EXP and PLA by performing two sets of 30 breaths at 55% and 10% maximum inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax), for three days a week for six weeks of training. The data were obtained and analyzed with the variation of two-factor(Two-way analysis of variance, ANOVA). The results: After six weeks of training intervention, the two groups are no significant differences in pulmonary function testing, but in EXP PImax more than PLA (138.8± 15.2 vs 100.8±15.2 cmH2O, p < .05). In the body composition, lipid and BMI are no significant differences. On the other hand, in the part of physical activity, the EXP in 6MWT and MISWT are higher than PLA (6MWD,688.3±65.3 vs 636.3±37.8 m;MISWT,12.2±0.91 vs 0.3±0.5 level, p < .05). Conclusion: These results indicate that the inspiratory muscle training can improve the PImax, 6MWT and MISWT, however, might not improve pulmonary function and body fat.
Lin, Kun-Da, i 林昆達. "The Effects of 5 weeks Inspiratory Muscle Training on the Interval Anaerobic Capacity and Foot Work Performance in Collegiate Male Badminton Players". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28143107093291587910.
Pełny tekst źródła中國文化大學
體育學系運動教練碩博士班
102
Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study is to confer the intervene of 5-week inspiratory muscle training to see if it can boost the interval anaerobic sport ability and foot work performance. Method: to select 10 collegiate male badminton players, using the breathing mouth pieces (POWERbreathe, UK). They were paired and randomly assigned to experiment group (EPG, N=5) and control group (CG, N=5). The former proceeds 5 weeks training: 7 days a week, twice a day, 30 times once by using the POWERbreathe. After 5 weeks, the latter is to take turns to performance the same training program. Modified Borg Scale of Rating Perceived Exertion (RPE) was implied to estimate effort and exertion of the subjects. Tow way ANOVA was used to compare the differences. Result: 5 weeks of inspiratory muscle training found the 2 groups have no significant difference in interval anaerobic ability. While on the foot work performance, considering the trainee’s different ability level in the beginning, the grade of each stage is referred to a progress percentage. By analyzing datum to show the progress rate of inspiratory muscle training in the foot work performance on each stage has remarkably better than control group in the same period. While on the respiratory RPE, the training effectively make less difficult of the interval anaerobic sport ability; However, the foot work performance has little progress to have no significant difference. Conclusion: The intervene of a 5-week inspiratory muscle training to collegiate male badminton players can effectively enhance the foot work performance, and make less difficult of the interval anaerobic sport ability and foot work on the RPE.
Chuang, Fu-Yen, i 莊富延. "The effects of inspiratry muscle training on anaerobic work capacity in sprint athletes". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10589419337439551642.
Pełny tekst źródła國立東華大學
體育學系
98
The primary objective was to assess the effect of inspiratory muscle training to the anaerobic work capacity in sprint athletes. Subjects were 16 males of college sprint athletes . Counter balance order measured in experimental group and placebo group. The experimental group performed 30 inspiratory efforts per day for 5 days a week against a resistance equivalent 80% maximum inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax) by threshold inspiratory muscle training for 6 week. The placebo group equivalent 20% . The 2×30-s Wingate test, rest interval of 4 min active recovery, to determine the anaerobic capacity. The values of the, spirometry, PImax, anaerobic work capacity were analyzed by mixed design two-way ANOVA ; The values of the blood lactate and respiratory-effort sensation (Rating of Perceived Exertion , RPE) were analyzed by repeated measures two-way ANOVA. The results showed: (a) Forced vital capacity [4.91±0.27(l) V.S. 4.41±0.37(l)]、forced expiratory volume in 1 second [4.20±0.34(l/min) V.S. 3.70±0.32(l/min)] and PImax [170.63±10.36(cmH2O) V.S.152.50±7.41(cmH2O)] were significantly higher in experimental group after training. (b) In the second anaerobic work peak power [902.25±45.00(W) V.S. 854.92±69.36(W)] and average power [770.05±58.65(W) V.S. 723.11±55.46 (W)] were significantly higher in experimental group after training. (c) The blood lactate was no significantly difference in any time. (d) The RPE was no significantly difference in any time. Besides inspiratory muscle training can improve spirometry, PImax, and anaerobic work capacity but blood lactate was not, we suggest that sprint athletics can training the inspiratory muscle to increase the energy resynthesis and anaerobic capacity.