Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Industrial Standard Computational Fluid Dynamics Software Development”

The direct and indirect impacts of Wildland-Urban Interface fires on infrastructures and communities have become more severe in the last few decades, mainly due to the disproportionate growth of urban areas lacking planning and management, the abandonment of rural areas and activities, and climate changes. Many regions of the southern Mediterranean, the United States, Australia, and South America have been severely affected with catastrophic losses. Building codes addressing the problem of WUI fires in the vicinity of the built environment are still scarce, but already with a few good examples, namely the Australian Standard AS 3959-2009, Construction of Buildings in Bushfire Prone Areas. But with the increasing risks, nowadays mainly driven by climate change, it is necessary to develop new approaches and codes for existing and new buildings effectively contributing to enhance the resilience of the built environment and communities in the WUI. Moreover, taking advantage of new and ever-evolving computational tools, the use of a performance-based approach, replacing or complementing prescriptive codes, shows great potential to enable a deeper understanding of the complex fire spread mechanisms from forest fires to urban fires, namely radiant heat, direct flame contact and firebrands. Physics-based modelling enables a better understanding of such phenomena, bearing in mind that up to date no accurate and reliable models for firebrands can be found. In this investigation, a performance-based approach is considered, exploring the capabilities of computational fluid dynamics and the software Fire Dynamics Simulation (FDS) to investigate and quantify WUI fire exposures. This was achieved by considering available experimental data on vegetation burning and developing and calibrating the numerical models using FDS. A Particle Method, based on Lagrangian particles was selected for this investigation, since this model is particularly suitable to simulate surface and raised vegetation fire spread. With this strategy all thermo-physical properties of the fuels must be used as input, ensuring that the fire spread can be computed by the model. Based on the calibrated models for a single tree, a new case study scenario was created (structure exposed to wildfire) and investigated aiming to assess in detail WUI fire exposures under different conditions by varying several parameters, such as wind speed and direction, distance to the structure and elevation of the terrain. Since a performance-based approach was selected and considering the basic principles associated with Fire Safety Engineering (FSE), 3 basic components must be assessed, namely the fire modelling, the thermal analysis in the structure and finally the structural analysis considering temperature increase and degradation of mechanical properties of materials. From the fire modelling investigated in this paper, some attention was devoted to assessing Adiabatic Surface Temperatures in the structure and consequently defining in a simple way to couple CFD field models to Finite Element Models (FEM) that will enable the understanding and development of ignition resistant structures in the WUI.

Industrial application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are varied and many. However CFD requires the solution of complex fluid-flow problems in conjunction with equipment design, process and product development and optimization. The solution of such complex problems is possible through the coordination between industrial CFD engineers, software developers, consultants and academic scientists. In the petrochemical industry, CFD may be used for a variety of purposes such as air recirculation studies in LNG plants, burners in coker furnaces, multiphase studies in heat exchangers to name jus

Industrial application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) requires the solution of complex fluid-flow problems in conjunction with equipment design, process and product development and optimization. For the successful solution of these problems, a high degree of coordination between industrial CFD engineers, software developers, consultants and academic scientists is necessary. In a refinery, CFD may be applied to a variety of problems. In particular, combustion, flames, flares and chemical reaction are of interest because of the physics and the complex nature of the process. Two applicatio

With the resurgence of nuclear power and increased interest in advanced nuclear reactors as an option to supply abundant energy without the associated greenhouse gas emissions of the more conventional fossil fuel energy sources, there is a need to establish internationally recognized standards for the verification and validation (V&V) of software used to calculate the thermal-hydraulic behavior of advanced reactor designs for both normal operation and hypothetical accident conditions. To address this need, ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Standards and Certification has esta

The need for repair rather than replace of gas turbine components is becoming increasingly important to operators in today’s economic climate. The use of commercially available numerical analysis software, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element (FE) have become well established within Wood Group Light Industrial Turbines Ltd. They have allowed the business to be extremely competitive by being able to rapidly respond to a customers request for a repair which may involve a fluid structure interaction and/or conjugate heat transfer analysis. The software has also been used to study

Abstract In the development of industrial turbomachinery, the aerodynamic designer is faced with many complex fluid flow problems. In the mid to late 1980’s, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was developed to assist in the solution of these flow fields. Initially applied only by high end gas turbine or jet engine designers, these sophisticated tools eventually found their way to engineers at industrial turbomachinery manufacturers. However, it has only been in the last five to ten years that industrial users have begun to make more widespread use of CFD. There are a variety of reason

Torque converter (TC) is a totally enclosed hydrodynamic turbomachine, used most often in automobiles for the smooth transfer of power and speed change from the engine to the transmission, and torque magnification. A typical TC has 3 major components: a pump that is attached directly to the TC cover and connected to the engine shaft, a turbine connected to the transmission shaft, and a stator connected to the transmission housing via a one-way clutch and providing guidance for the fluid flow. In this work, effects of the number of stator blades on the performance of a TC are investigated numer

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation has been increasingly used in Nuclear Reactor Safety (NRS) analysis to describe safety–relevant phenomena occurring in the reactor coolant system in greater detail. In this paper, the work about single-phase CFD simulation of rod bundles conducted in Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute (SNERDI) is introduced. A single-phase methodology based on commercial software STAR-CCM+ is developed to simulate the flow field and temperature distribution in fuel rod bundles. Solid model is simply introduced at first. Mesh types, includi

Bridges are a significant component of the ground transportation infrastructure in the United States. With about sixty percent of bridge failures due to hydraulic causes, primarily scour, application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis techniques to the assessment of risk of bridge failure under flood conditions can provide increased accuracy in scour risk assessment at a relatively low cost. The analysis can be used to make optimum use of limited federal and state funds available to maintain and replace bridges and ensure public safety while traveling on the nation’s roads and high

Accurate simulations of non-stationary processes in steam turbines by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) require precise and extremely fast algorithms for computing real fluid properties. To fulfill these requirements, the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS) issues the “Guideline on the Fast Calculation of Steam and Water Properties with the Spline-Based Table Look-Up Method (SBTL)” as an international standard. Through the use of this method, spline functions for the independent variables specific volume and specific internal energy (v,u) are gener

In order to invent a new near-wall treatment for turbulence in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation, an Analytical Wall Function (AWF) has been studied and shown that it is possible to work accurately with Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) Simulation even for complicated geometry such as impinging jet flow or separation and reattachment flow. One of the most common wall functions is the Standard Wall Function (SWF) which assumes log-law inside the boundary layer. However, there is a problem that SWF has been used for industrial applications even though it is difficult to analyze