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Швіндіна, Ганна Олександрівна, Анна Александровна Швиндина, Hanna Oleksandrivna Shvindina i E. N. Jonathan. "Global change and industrial ecology". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26699.
Pełny tekst źródłaAid, Graham. "Industrial Ecology Methods within Engagement Processes for Industrial Resource Management". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122403.
Pełny tekst źródłaQC 20130522
Røine, Kjetil. "Industrial Implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility in an Industrial Ecology Perspective". Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-701.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe purpose of this thesis is to identify key conditions for successful industrial implementation of collective extended producer responsibility (EPR) programmes in the Norwegian plastic packaging system, according to an industrial ecology perspective. ‘Key condition’ is defined as those factors, both drivers and barriers, which are critical for the outcome of industrial implementation of EPR. As we have seen there are several key conditions to be identified. We have studied this by first developing a theoretical framework based on the industrial ecology perspective and combined with a modified understanding on categories for EPR policy instruments we have developed an analytical framework which combines a material flow approach and an actor approach. Based on this we have carried out a case study of the Norwegian EPR system for plastic packaging, organised by the producer responsibility organisation Plastretur. We have shown the complexity of this system by doing analysis on various levels, both with respect to material flows and to actors. Our conclusions are primarily valid for this system only, but we have shown how our results correspond to existing literature, both theoretically and in practice.
The overall conclusion from this case study is that the Plastretur EPR scheme has proven to be successful with respect to recycling ratios and costs, while it has been less successful concerning dematerialisation and design for recycling. This conclusion is contrary to what is considered to be the strength of EPR policies, but it provides empirical evidence for the arguments put forth by for instance Veerman (2004) on the Dutch system, claiming that EPR has mainly effects downstream. We argue that one of the reasons to this controversial result is that previous studies have not to a sufficient extent taken into account the need for identifying the causality between EPR policy instruments and the observed effects. We have provided this through a detailed case study on various analytical levels.
Nwosu, Jonathan Emeka. "Industrial ecology: a panacea for environmental degradation". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31070.
Pełny tekst źródłaDalbelo, Thalita dos Santos. "Por uma indústria mais sustentável : da ecologia à arquitetura". [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258709.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa analisa a aplicação das diretrizes de ecologia industrial e de arquitetura dos edifícios industriais através de sua certificação ambiental. A revisão teórico-conceitual aborda a evolução dessa arquitetura ao longo das revoluções industriais, principalmente no que se refere ao processo de projeto, às tecnologias construtivas e à relação do edifício com seu entorno. Expõe também o conceito de ecologia industrial, seus princípios, diretrizes e aplicações no meio urbano, culminando com os indicadores de desempenho de edifícios presentes no processo de certificação ambiental de edifícios industriais - Building Establishment Environmental (BREEAM). Partindo da hipótese de que a ecologia industrial é um conceito mais amplo, em termos de sustentabilidade, o método de análise baseia-se na construção de um quadro de correlação entre suas diretrizes, as diretrizes de arquitetura e a certificação pelo BREEAM. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa é traçar diretrizes que agregam mais ecologia à arquitetura dos edifícios industriais, contribuindo para o aumento da sustentabilidade
Abstract: This research analyses the application of the guidelines of industrial ecology and architecture of industrial buildings through its environmental certification. The theoretical-conceptual review focuses on the evolution of this architecture over the industrial revolutions, especially with regard to the design process, to building technologies and the relationship of the building with its surroundings. It also exposes the concept of industrial ecology, its principles, guidelines and application in urban areas, culminating in the performance indicators of buildings present in the process of environmental certification of industrial buildings - Environmental Building Establishment (BREEAM). On the assumption that industrial ecology is a broader concept of sustainability, the method of analysis is based on preparing correlation table between their guidelines, the architectural guidelines and the BREEAM certification. The main objective of this research is to establish guidelines that add the most ecology to industrial building's architecture, contributing to increase sustainability
Mestrado
Arquitetura e Construção
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
Tomé, Ricardo Scherrer. "As práticas e as barreiras da ecologia industrial nas primeiras e segundas camadas de fornecimento: survey no setor automotivo brasileiro". Universidade Nove de Julho, 2016. http://bibliotecadigital.uninove.br/handle/tede/1478.
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The process of vehicle assembly in Brazil is led by transnational companies that follow strict quality systems on manufacturing plants. These systems are inserted directly standards related to environmental issues, procedures and audits processes are performed periodically to ensure that the harmful impacts on the environment are minimized. However, what the true extent of environmental practices? What the true extent of environmental practices? Is it possible observe effective controls on manufacturers, due to its structure and power of investment, what about your supply chain? The pressure for lower costs for acquisition of auto parts destined for assembly of vehicles, creates a competitive environment in the supply chain where their members generate great efforts to meet the requirements linked to environmental issues, requirements that can interfere with productivity requiring changes on production processes, high investments in equipment for waste treatment and specialized personnel for implementation and monitoring of requirements relating to environmental protection. In this context, the concept of Industrial Ecology, in order to check out beyond the gates of the manufacturing plants, inside the factories of the first and second tier of suppliers of auto parts, if there are integrated environmental practices. This dissertation conducted a field survey in the first and second tier of parts suppliers called Tier1 and Tier2, if noting that the industrial ecology practices are over-represented in companies Tier 1 than in Tier 2 companies, and the barriers that hinder the adoption of IE practices are more present on suppliers Tier 1 than Tier 2 companies, making it possible to conclude that the pressure from automakers are focused on the Tier 1 suppliers that despite barriers that hinder the adoption of the IE practices, they have three times more practical than its suppliers Tier 2 that limited service internal practices of IE. The methodology used was the survey method in 110 companies in the Brazilian automotive industry and the analysis and discussion of the data were made by means of structural equations using the PLS system.
O processo de montagem de veículos no Brasil é liderado por empresas transacionais que seguem rigorosos padrões de qualidade em suas plantas industriais. Nestes padrões estão inseridas normas diretamente ligadas às questões ambientais. Procedimentos e auditorias em processos produtivos são realizados periodicamente para garantir que os impactos nocivos ao meio ambiente sejam minimizados. Entretanto, qual a verdadeira extensão das práticas ambientais? A pressão por baixos custos para aquisição das autopeças destinadas a montagem de veículos, cria um cenário competitivo na cadeia de fornecimento onde seus integrantes geram grandes esforços para atendimento aos requisitos ligados a questões ambientais. Neste contexto, surge o conceito de Ecologia Industrial, com o objetivo de verificar além dos portões das montadoras, no interior das instalações dos fornecedores das primeiras e segundas camadas de autopeças, se existem práticas ambientais integradas. Este trabalho desenvolveu uma pesquisa de campo nas primeiras e segundas camadas de fornecedores de autopeças denominados Tier1 e Tier2, constatando-se que as práticas da ecologia industrial são mais presentes nas empresas Tier 1 do que nas empresas Tier 2 e que as barreiras que prejudicam a adoção das práticas da EI são mais presentes nos fornecedores Tier 1 do que nas empresas Tier 2, possibilitando concluir que a pressão das montadoras está voltada para os fornecedores Tier 1 que apesar de barreiras que prejudicam a adoção de práticas da EI, possuem três vezes mais práticas que seus fornecedores Tier 2 que se limitam ao atendimento de práticas internas da EI. A metodologia utilizada foi o método survey em 110 empresas do setor automotivo brasileiro e a análise e discussão dos dados foram feitas por meio de equações estruturais utilizando o sistema PLS.
Dahmus, Jeffrey B. (Jeffrey Brian) 1974. "Applications of industrial ecology : manufacturing, recycling, and efficiency". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39901.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references.
This work applies concepts from industrial ecology to analyses of manufacturing, recycling, and efficiency. The first part focuses on an environmental analysis of machining, with a specific emphasis on energy consumption. Energy analyses of machining show that in many cases, the energy of actual material removal represents only a small amount of the total energy used in machining, as auxiliary processes can have significant energy requirements. These analyses also show that the embodied energy of the materials that are machined can far exceed the energy of machining. Such energy consumption data, along with material flow data, provide much of the information necessary to evaluate machining on the basis of environmental performance. The second part of this work focuses on material recycling at product end-of-life. In this section, a means of evaluating the material recycling potential for products is presented. This method is based on two measures: the value of the materials used in a product and the mixture of materials used in a product. This simple representation is capable of differentiating between products that are economically worthwhile to recycle and those that are not.
(cont.) Such information can in turn be used to help guide product design and recycling policy. The third part of this work focuses on the effectiveness of efficiency improvements in reducing environmental impact. Historical data from ten activities show that improvements in efficiency are rarely able to outpace increases in production. Thus, the overall impact of each of these activities has increased over time. Specific conditions and policies that do allow for efficiency improvements to reduce impact are identified and explored. Together, the three topics presented here provide information, analyses, and recommendations to help move industrial systems towards sustainability.
by Jeffrey B. Dahmus.
Ph.D.
Jones, Alissa J. (Alissa Jean). "The industrial ecology of the iron casting industry". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39876.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references.
Metal casting is an energy and materials intensive manufacturing process, which is an important U.S. industry. This study analyzes iron casting, in particular, for possible improvements that will result in greater efficiencies and therefore greater global competitiveness. The quantity and types of materials and energy used are dependent on the technologies selected and the cast part parameters. The most energy intensive step is melting, which is explored with an input-output analysis and an energy comparison of three major technologies: cupola melting and the heel and batch types of coreless electric induction melting. The major goal of this project is the creation of a material and energy flow model of the typical iron casting facility. This input-output process model is used to analyze the effect that different melting technologies will have on energy, materials and pollution, including selected upstream processes. Findings show that energy and the associated carbon dioxide emissions vary widely with melting technology and the relative benefits depend on where the boundaries are drawn in the analysis.
(cont.) An understanding of the current technology then allows for the analysis of new technologies under development and how they will affect the facility in terms of material and energy use, pollution and economics. The model is based on data collected from partner casting companies. The study concludes with a review of the available policy options which can improve the environmental profile of the facilities.
by Alissa J. Jones.
S.M.
Wasserman, Shanna E. "Sustainable economic development : the case of implementing industrial ecology". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42824.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 112-117).
Industrial ecology (IE) is an emerging paradigm for environmental control. IE offers a framework for altering industrial activities so that they more closely reflect a closed loop cycle, rather than a linear flow of extraction and disposal. Implementation of IE is occurring through the eco-industrial park (EIP) model. An EIP is a group of businesses that are implementing IE principles, through cooperation between one another and/or other organizations. This Thesis examines the current practice of implementing IE through the EIP model. The research methodology includes assessing the Kalundborg, Denmark EIP example, surveying North American EIPs, and studying a case of implementing an EIP in Londonderry, NH. Findings from the research indicate that there is currently a taxonomy of IE practices being implemented through the EIP model. The taxonomy includes practice in land stewardship, green building design, individual firm environmental practices, and byproduct exchange. Each of the four areas of practice have characteristics with implications for how implementation should occur through an EIP. EIP planners and developers should craft implementation strategies in accordance with their IE objectives. Additionally, the management entity of an EIP should have the capacity to implement all IE objects. Finally, a community education process on IE is necessary during the implementation of an EIP.
by Shanna E. Wasserman.
M.C.P.
Harris, Steve. "Drivers and barriers to industrial ecology in the UK". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14002.
Pełny tekst źródłaRas, Cornelia. "An industrial ecology approach to salt-related environmental sustainability issues in a large industrial complex". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10737.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p.93-106).
This thesis aims to demonstrate the application of industrial ecology (IE) theory to understand environmental sustainability problems relating to the accumulation of saline wastes and to study the potential for integrated technology interventions which take multi-party engagements and effects into account.
Zvolinschi, Anita. "On exergy analysis and entropy production minimisation in industrial ecology". Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1591.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objective of this thesis is to improve the basis for applying industrial ecology to the evaluation of material and energy resource use and transformation in industrial systems. The underlying hypothesis was that when the second law of thermodynamics is applied it improves the basis for using industrial ecology for the evaluation of the use and transformation of resources in industrial systems. Exergy analysis and entropy production calculation and minimisation of industrial processes are used as methods for analysis.
Bichraoui-Draper, Najet. "Computational sustainability assessment : agent-based models and agricultural industrial ecology". Thesis, Troyes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TROY0005/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research is about developing a modeling framework in order to quantify the sustainability of industrial systems for biomass energy (conceived of as complex systems), and to provide decisionmakers with an aiding-tool for reducing their environmental impacts by modifying some of their features.It draws upon two regional case-studies. In the first one, an hybrid agent-based/life cycle assessment approach is used to test the theoretical background, understand the main decision-making factors influencing farmers’ adoption of switchgrass ethanol in Michigan (USA) and assess how such patterns affect environmental impacts. In the second case-study, agent-based modeling and geographical information system are used together via material and energy flow analysis to reveal the potential for industrial symbiosis in the bio-economy cluster of Champagne-Ardenne (France). We show that both models have a significant added value for the analysis of sustainable complex systems and the simulation of future scenarios
Sinha, Rajib. "Industrial Ecology Approaches to Improve Metal Management : Three Modeling Experiments". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-164872.
Pełny tekst źródłaQC 20150420
Pandis, Iveroth Sofie. "Industrial ecology for sustainableurban development- the case of Hammarby Sjöstad". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145150.
Pełny tekst źródłaQC 20140514
MacDonagh-Dumler, Jeffrey 1976. "Industrial ecology of metals : barriers and incentives to closing loops". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9040.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p. 195-107).
This thesis examines the end-of-life markets for NiCd batteries and Aluminum Intensive Vehicles (AIVs) through an industrial ecology framework. Case studies were chosen to examine the general characteristics of the industrial ecology of metals, barriers and incentives to closing material loops, and policy interventions associated with loop closing. The NiCd case shows how industry policy and public policy converge towards creation of an environmentally beneficial end-of-life market. The industry coordinated take back program was motivated by public health concern for cadmium landfill contamination. The main barriers to taking back batteries are low consumer participation, insufficient economic incentive for cadmium recovery, and ambiguous industry motivations. Public policy makers should consider subsidizing recycled cadmium prices and adding serious accountability measures to the take back system (such as a tax per unit under a recycle rate goal). The AIV case demonstrates the effectiveness of material value economic incentives for creating and maintaining a self-sufficient recycling system. However, the current recycling system built for steel automobiles will not most efficiently recycle AIVs. Barriers to efficient recycling include inadequate aluminum alloy sorting technology and lack of coordination between firms. Public policy options are limited because recycling efficiency regulation is outside the enabling legislation of agencies, but government should assist industry coordination as much as possible. The case studies also speak generally to loop closing policies that affect either the supply or demand for recycled material. Demand increasing policies (procurement, minimum recycled content, etc.) are more appropriate for recycling systems where a functional system is in place and the last user has sufficient incentive to return the product. On the other hand, supply increasing policies (take back, landfill ban, etc.) may be necessary for products where the last user does not have sufficient incentive to deliver the used product to the recycling system. Industry policy is useful for developing mutually beneficial technology, setting product standards, and coordinating behavior through merger and acquisition.
by Jeffrey MacDonagh-Dumler.
S.M.
Johnson, Bonnie Kathryn. "An Industrial Designer's Ethic, A Study: Products for Urban Ecology". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41289.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Rahmanian, Faran. "Preliminary assessment of industrial ecology potential in South East Queensland". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36177/1/36177_Rahmanian_2002.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaArbucias, Janaina Gameiro. "Melhoria da sustentabilidade pela aplicação do conceito de ecologia industrial: estudo de caso no setor eletro-eletrônico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3140/tde-09122015-111132/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe industrial development and the increasing pressure for more environmentally friendly processes, products and services led to new development paradigms, based on the three sustainability pillars, that essentially assure resource availability for the next generations. The need for making human systems part of the natural ecosystems and similar to natural environment is clearly stated. This approach, which is the basis of Industrial Ecology, aims to enhance industrial symbiosis cooperating to mitigate process or material loss. Industrial Ecology was the main concept used to improve sustainability at an electronic company, first applied to the industrial area in Brazil. The defined methodology followed the most important premises of Industrial Ecology aligned to the Integrated Management Systems which consists in the establishment of industrial ecosystems, performance evaluation through sustainability levers and the spread of information to stakeholders, by the development of a customized Industrial Ecology software, which also compares products with the simplified Life Cycle Assessment methodology, when it comes to the development of new products. Indeed, the case study has been conducted at a big enterprise and the similarities for Pollution Prevention implementation between the Brazilian facility and the European one were the most important features related to the microelectronics area. Regarding the Surface Mouting Technology area, this study has shown that unlike other segments, the end of pipe is still applied. The most relevant environmental impact is the generation of solid waste and therefore significant economic and environmental loss is easily observed. The Printed Circuit Board sector was also analyzed and the results showed that industrial ecosystems are not formalized but do exist for water and solid waste. Important issues were concluded such as the idea that even though big enterprises present principles, policy and sound management systems, the sustainability concept is not fully comprehensive and applied. The development of industrial ecosystems is considered one of the fundamental tools of industrial ecology. It is hard to establish them within the facilities 8 once the processes differ significantly. However, the creation of external ecosystems for metals and oils, leads to great benefit. It was possible to conclude that the Industrial Ecology concept tools used in the company did benefit its industrial sustainability because it allowed more efficient processes through the use of metrics, involved most of the employees and operations, favored better process standardization, enhance the systemic approach making the decision process easier once it is based on real time facts and it finally contributed to the adoption of methods, systems and procedures that enabled deep strategic change and as a consequence improved cultural change, which is one of the essential aspects of the sound sustainable development. Finally, it is suggested that Industrial Ecology be used as a fruitful metaphor for facilitating the improvement of sustainability. The tools developed in this study might be easily applied to any enterprise, independently of the level or production processes. Ecosystems
Saraceni, Adriana Valélia. "Ferramenta para avaliação da presença de práticas de simbiose industrial em uma rede de empresas". Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/933.
Pełny tekst źródłaO objetivo central desta pesquisa foi desenvolver uma ferramenta para avaliação da presença de práticas de Simbiose Industrial em rede de empresas, a partir dos conceitos de simbiose industrial encontrados na literatura. Para isto, foi definida uma série de etapas para a construção do referencial teórico da presente pesquisa, e para o desenvolvimento da proposta de metodologia. As etapas iniciais foram baseadas no instrumento ProKnow-C (Knowledge Development Process–Constructivist), com o intuito de formar o portfólio bibliográfico. Este procedimento ocorreu com apoio do portal ISI Web of Knowledge, sendo realizado em duas categorias de classificação: Engineering, Environmental e Engineering, Industrial. Em seguida, as variáveis da Simbiose Industrial foram identificadas através da revisão sistemática diferenciada. Os resultados obtidos por meio deste procedimento possibilitou o desenvolvimento da ferramenta teórica. Após a identificação das variáveis, uma metodologia baseada na lógica fuzzy foi aplicada e direcionada à pesquisadores do tema para atribuição dos pesos das variáveis de Simbiose Industrial. Desta forma, foi possível extraír os indicadores de intensidade das inter-relações necessários na análise do nível de desenvolvimento de cada uma das correlações entre as variáveis. Em posse das variáveis e de seus pesos, obteve-se como resultado inicial a estrutura da teórica de Avaliação de Simbiose Industrial. No sentido de identificar pontualmente as lacunas ou níveis de desenvolvimento em cada esfera, gerou-se então os gráficos de manobra para análise dos dados. Após estes procedimentos, construiu-se um instrumento para a aplicação da ferramenta, acompanhado de um método de cálculo matemático para tratamento dos dados, tornando-o passível de aplicação, compilação e resultados. Assim, uma ferramenta de aplicação da metodologia, capaz de obter os dados para análise nos gráficos de manobra e para a geração da Avaliação de Simbiose Industrial, foi desenvolvido. Por fim, um teste piloto foi realizado em uma rede de empresas fabricantes de móveis e esquadrias de madeira, identificando se há práticas da Simbiose Industrial na rede, bem como o potencial de desenvolvimento das esferas de análise. Os resultados do teste piloto da ferramenta de Avaliação de Simbiose Industrial forneceram uma série de perspectivas relacionadas à sua aplicabilidade, flexibilidade, particularidades, e, ao direcionamento nos aspectos de amadurecimento da ferramenta.
The main objective of this research was to develop a tool for assessing the presence of Industrial Symbiosis practices in na industrial cluster, based on the concepts of Industrial Symbiosis found in the literature. For this, were conceived a variety of steps to form theoretical framework of this research, and, for the development of the proposed methodology. In order to form the bibliographic portfolio, this research initial steps were based on the instrument ProKnow-C (Knowledge Development Process–Constructivist). This procedure was performed with support of ISI Web of Knowledge portal and carried out in two categories of classification: Engineering, Environmental and Engineering, Industrial. Based on this differentiated systematic review, the variables of Industrial Symbiosis were identified. The results obtained by this procedure allowed the development of the theoretical model. After identificatifying the variables, a methodology based on fuzzy logic was applied and directed to the researchers of the subject for assigning weights of the variables of Industrial Symbiosis. Thus, it was possible to extract indicators of intensity of the interrelationships, these, needed in the analysis of the level of development of each of the correlations between the variables. In possession of the variables and their indicators, it was obtained an structure of the theoretical model for Assessing of Industrial Symbiosis, as initial result. In order to promptly identify gaps or development levels within each sphere, graphs of maneuver for data analysis were generated. After these procedures, it was built a tool to the model application, accompanied by a mathematical calculation method for processing data, making it reliable for implementation, compilation and results. Therefore, a model able to implementing the methodology, able to obtain the data for analysis on the graphs of maneuver and to generate the Assessing Industrial Symbiosis, was developed. Finally, a pilot test was conducted in a Industrial Cluster of manufacturer of furniture and wooden frames, identifying whether there are Industrial Symbiosis practices in the cluster, as well as the potential of development in the spheres of analysis. The results of the pilot test of the model for Assessing Industrial Symbiosis provided a range of perspectives related to its applicability, flexibility, features and guidance on aspects of ripening the tool.
2017-09-01
Rehn, Sofia. "Influencing Industrial Symbiosis Development : A Case Study of Händelö and Northern Habour Industrial Areas". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-93693.
Pełny tekst źródłaKempener, Ruud T. M. "From organisational behaviour to industrial network evolutions stimulating sustainable development of bioenergy networks in emerging economies /". Connect to full text, 2008. http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/handle/2123/3985.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes graphs and tables. Title from title screen (viewed December 17, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
Tumilar, Aldric. "Algae-Centred Industrial Symbiosis". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17173.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeck, Philip. "Interest in material cycle closure exploring evolution of industry's responses to high-grade recycling from an industrial ecology perspective /". Lund, Sweden : Lund University, International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics, 2003. http://www.library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/director?id=V1097514.
Pełny tekst źródłaDesiere, Frank. "Ecology and evolution of Streptococcus thermophilus bacteriophages in industrial milk fermentations /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13332.
Pełny tekst źródłaGonzález, Ocón Santiago. "Evaluation of Potentially Eco-Efficient Solutions: Functional Sales and Industrial Ecology". Thesis, Linköping University, Environmental Technique and Management, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-53735.
Pełny tekst źródłaDesign of products permits to yield goods and services to produce satisfaction on customers, which is measured as value. However, it is at this stage in which most of the environmental impact, from a lifecycle perspective, is added to the product. Eco-design aims at increasing value of products while reducing the burdens on the environment by means conscious design towards efficient use of resources. That efficiency, referred to as eco-efficiency, can be increased in a number of manners within environmental engineering. Traditionally, different fields have tackled materials, energy flows and products from different angles or approaches. In this thesis we describe Functional Sales (FS) and Industrial Ecology (IE) as examples of these. Within this latter, we put emphasis on Industrial Symbiosis (IS) and Eco-effectiveness. We consider these approaches are suitable to work in the framework of eco-design to increase ecoefficiency. By adding services to material products, and managing material and energy flows with a more ecological consciousness, we expect to increase value of products while reducing the impact on the environment.
To analyse this potential improvement, we developed a method involving a new eco-efficiency index (VERI), that recursively intends to ease decisions on possible eco-efficient alternatives. This index and its method are applied to a case study on management of olive oil supply in region of Murcia, Spain. Here, we propose three scenarios that will involve the implementation of FS and IE to compare the outcomes in value and environmental performance against an idealised current supply chain. The results obtained, although not accurate, suggest that FS and EI should be more taken into account in eco-design and, this latter, to also consider holistic viewpoints to find more eco-efficient alternatives for a product development.
Renski, Henry Feser Edward J. "An investigation of the industrial ecology of business start-up survival". Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,430.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of City and Regional Planning." Discipline: City and Regional Planning; Department/School: City and Regional Planning.
Ferrell, Jeremy C. "A Distributed Model of Oilseed Biorefining, via Integrated Industrial Ecology Exchanges". Thesis, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3623608.
Pełny tekst źródłaAs the demand for direct petroleum substitutes increases, biorefineries are poised to become centers for conversion of biomass into fuels, energy, and biomaterials. A distributed model offers reduced transportation, tailored process technology to available feedstock, and increased local resilience. Oilseeds are capable of producing a wide variety of useful products additive to food, feed, and fuel needs. Biodiesel manufacturing technology lends itself to smaller-scale distributed facilities able to process diverse feedstocks and meet demand of critical diesel fuel for basic municipal services, safety, sanitation, infrastructure repair, and food production. Integrating biodiesel refining facilities as tenants of eco-industrial parks presents a novel approach for synergistic energy and material exchanges whereby environmental and economic metrics can be significantly improved upon compared to stand alone models.
This research is based on the Catawba County NC EcoComplex and the oilseed crushing and biodiesel processing facilities (capacity-433 tons biodiesel per year) located within. Technical and environmental analyses of the biorefinery components as well as agronomic and economic models are presented. The life cycle assessment for the two optimal biodiesel feedstocks, soybeans and used cooking oil, resulted in fossil energy ratios of 7.19 and 12.1 with carbon intensity values of 12.51 gCO2-eq/MJ and 7.93 gCO2-eq/MJ, respectively within the industrial ecology system. Economic modeling resulted in a biodiesel conversion cost of $1.43 per liter of fuel produced with used cooking oil, requiring a subsidy of $0.58 per liter to reach the break-even point. As subsidies continue significant fluctuation, metrics other than operating costs are required to justify small-scale biofuel projects.
Sinha, Rajib. "Systems Modeling Approaches to Physical Resource Management : An Industrial Ecology Perspective". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191327.
Pełny tekst źródłaMånga nuvarande miljö- och utvecklingsproblem har uppstått som oförutsedda biverkningar av människans egna handlingar. De lösningar som prövats har i sin tur ofta skapat nya problem. Det därför viktigt att förstå hur komplexa system fungerar och att utforma styrmedel och ledningssystem som minimerar risken för oönskade bieffekter. Den här avhandling har använt olika modelleringsmetoder för att öka förståelsen för komplexa system och bidra med kunskaper om hur miljöprestanda och förvaltningsåtgärder kan följas upp på ett mer effektivt sätt. Det övergripande syftet med arbetet var att undersöka användbarheten av olika modelleringsmetoder för att effektivisera den fysiska resurshanteringen i samhället. I arbetet har ett flödesbaserat och aktörsinriktat arbetssätt (pressure based and driver oriented approach) använts i modelleringen. Material- och substansflödesanalys, miljöfotavtryck, input-output analys, processbaserad dynamisk modellering och systemdynamiska modelleringsmetoder studerades för att undersöka styrkor och svagheter hos de olika metoderna/verktygen. Tre olika modellerings- och redovisningsmetoder för att stödja miljöövervakning testades också i olika systemskalor. Statiska modelleringsmetoder (räkenskaper) identifierades som grundläggande för att kartlägga, kontoföra och övervaka den fysiska resursmetabolismen i produktions- och konsumtionssystem, medan dynamisk modellering visade sin styrka i att skapa förståelse för komplexa system. Resultaten pekar på att dynamiska modelleringsmetoder bör användas som ett komplement till statiska analyser för att förstå komplexiteten i systemen när man utformar och testar styrmedel. För att uppnå proaktiv övervakning bör flödesbaserade räkenskaper utnyttjas i större utsträckning i stället för den vanliga tillstånds- och påverkansövervakningen (state/impact monitoring). En viktig slutsats är därför att LCA-samfundet bör flytta fokus i sina bedömningar från påverkan till flöden.
QC 20160830
Papageorgiou, Asterios. "Emerging technologies for climate-neutral urban areas : An Industrial Ecology perspective". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Resurser, energi och infrastruktur, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-292648.
Pełny tekst źródłaDen ständigt ökande koncentrationen av mänsklig aktivitet i urbana områden orsakar miljöproblem utanför deras gränser på skalor som sträcker sig från lokal till regional till global, såsom utarmning av resurser, markförstöring, luft- och vattenföroreningar och klimatförändring. Mänskligt driven klimatförändring är allmänt erkänd som en av de största hållbarhetsutmaningarna under nuvarande seklet och den är nära kopplad till urbanisering. Som ett svar på klimatförändringen har urbana områden runt om i världen åtagit sig att nå klimatneutralitet inom de närmaste decennierna. I detta sammanhang kommer införandet av ny teknik ha en nyckelroll för att uppnå klimatneutralitet i stadsområden. När ny teknik dyker upp är det viktigt att bedöma dess miljöprestanda med hänsyn till den bredare systemkontexten för att säkerställa att tekniken verkligen kan bidra till att uppnå klimatneutralitet utan att kompromissa med miljömässig hållbarhet. Denna avhandling syftar till att ge insikt om miljöprestanda för framväxande teknik som kan användas i urbana områden för att bidra till att uppnå klimatneutralitet. De två teknikerna i fokus är nätanslutna solmikronät och biokolbaserade system för behandling av biomassavfall och sanering av förorenad mark. Metoderna för att genomföra miljöbedömningarna och uppfylla avhandlingens syfte är: fallstudier, livscykelanalys (LCA), material- och energiflödesanalys och substansflödesanalys. Som en del av forskningsinsatserna utvecklades dessutom en kalkylmodell baserad på LCA-data. Analysen av solmikronätet visade att det är viktigt att använda explicita rums- och tidsgränser vid analys av energisystemens miljöprestanda, eftersom det kan öka resultatens noggrannhet. Analysen visade också att valet av modelleringsmetod kan påverka resultatet, vilket motiverar en användning av flera olika metoder. Inom detta sammanhang visade bedömningen att i ett kortsiktigt perspektiv skulle integrationen av ett nätanslutet urbant solmikronät i det svenska elnätet inte bidra till att begränsa klimatförändringen, eftersom solenergi från mikronätet skulle ersätta el med lägre klimatpåverkan. Bedömningen indikerade också att operativa och strukturella förändringar i mikronätet kunde minska mikronätets klimatförändrings påverkan, om än inte i sådan utsträckning att det skulle ge växthusgasutsläppsbesparingar. Bedömningen av de biokolbaserade systemen visade att dessa system har många miljöfördelar jämfört med förbränning av avfall och deponering av förorenad mark. De har stor potential att bidra till att uppnå klimatneutralitet, eftersom de kan ge nettonegativa utsläpp av växthusgaser, främst på grund av kolbindning i biokol. Vi jämförelse av de två biokolbaserade systemen så kan ett system för sanering på plats ge ytterligare miljöfördelar, eftersom det kan leda till en mer effektiv resursanvändning. Dessa system medför emellertid också miljöavvägningar på grund av ökad förbrukning av elektricitet, medan omfattningen av ekologiska och människors hälsorisker förknippade med återanvändning av biokolbehandlad jord ännu är okända.
QC 20210419
Queiroz, Emanuel Fernandes de. "Melhoria de processos pelo levantamento de indicadores ambientais via software". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3140/tde-09012008-120439/.
Pełny tekst źródłaNowadays, paradigm changes are needed and one of the most urgent changes required is to assure sustainability on human entrepreneurships. Therefore, entrepreneurship management will be modified and Industrial Ecology concept allied to software applications can be very useful. The aim of this work was development of suitable methodology for Industrial Ecology concept implementation using software. Brazilian industries on the electronic sector were evaluated in order to define sustainability indicators and also to propose processes improvement using industrial ecosystems. Preliminary evaluations of the electronic sector shows, due to the high value of the products, several possibilities for cost reduction and environmental and social improvement as well. The opportunities can be implemented with non-product exchanges inside the plants or among different plants, i.e. by industrial ecosystem formation. However, as industrial ecosystems require intense exchange among participants distance between plants is a high constraint and can associates a significant environemental impact, mainly due to carbon emission. Reactants production for Microeletronics was formerly evaluated on QITS (Quartz Industrial Trade System) program. The program suggested the use of sugarcane biomass and quartz for silicon production. However, due to the high distances between these two products, carbon emission inhibits the ecosystem. Moreover, other products are also acquired and discarded in open circles. Microelectronics can reuse water in partnership with the galvanic industries but not other products, such as acid and basic aqueous solution, mainly on metallurgic processes. Print circuit board and surface mounting technology several non-products are already recycled, nonetheless the best economical practice would be a direct change, i. e., no recyclers involved. Aqueous solutions are hardly recycled due to distance between sites. Equipment recycling is a huge problem due to the legal concerns on disassembly For micro and small industries simple software, such as database, allows Industrial Ecology implementation with very low cost. These databases also favor obtaining sustainability indicators required for several stakeholders, such as stockers.
Bailey, Robert Reid. "Designing robust industrial ecosystems : a systems approach". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19179.
Pełny tekst źródłaHilpert, Benjamin. "Application of Industrial Ecology Concepts in Solar Energy Heat Systems in Mexico". Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-256554.
Pełny tekst źródłaDet största problemet på jorden idag är att naturresurserna är ändliga och att det bara finns en atmosfär att bo i. Vi måste hantera produktionen och utsläppen varsamt för att få en hållbar värld. Industriell ekologi (IE) är ett holistiskt koncept för att designa om industriella aktiviteter. Det är baserat på antagandet att miljöpåverkan från mänskliga aktiviteter måste minskas. Konceptet beskriver en möjlig lösning för dagens industriella och sociala dödläge genom att använda naturliga ekosystem som förebild. Den växande förståelsen för den stegrande miljöpåverkan som är associerad med moderna materialflöden från industrin har nått politiken och den allmänna massan med ökad hastighet. Dessutom har Cirkulär Ekonomi uppmärksammats mer under senaste tiden för att minska industriella miljöproblem. Även om litteraturen är i ett tidigt stadium verkar IE erbjuda värdefulla insikter som förenar användbara miljöaspekter. Det finns begränsat med studier om IE i industrin, speciellt när det kommer till ett medelinkomstland som Mexiko. Detta arbete fokuserar på tillämpningen av IE-koncept med tillhörande aspekter för att minimera miljöpåverkan från industriella aktiviteter och minska användningen av jungfruliga material. Det resulterar i hållbar utveckling för ett exempelföretag som undersöks, skapande av samarbeten för industriell symbios (IS) och ett hänsynstagande för hållbart företagande (BM). The valda aspekterna är först introducerade för att visa dess generella potential. Sedan för att skapa en grund, introduceras signifikansen av små och medelstora företag (‘pequeña y mediana empresa’ - PyMEs) i Mexiko, fördelar i konkurrenskraft genom IE och miljöpåverkan från sådana fabriker. Dessa steg är utförda i en litteraturstudie. I nästa del inhämtas företagets specifika data för deras processer och miljö genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer och rundturer i driften. Genom att använda information av utvecklingspotential i alla steg av värdekedjan kan nu externa samarbetsmöjligheter. Dessutom är genomförbarheten för åtgärder hos liknande företag granskade. Till sist föreslår studien framtida lösningar för exempelföretaget för att skapa fler hållbara industriella aktiviteter och för att stödja ytterligare IE-användning inom industrin.
Santini, Alessandro <1983>. "Industrial ecology applied to ELV management. Material and energy recovery from ASR". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4496/1/santini_alessandro_tesi.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSantini, Alessandro <1983>. "Industrial ecology applied to ELV management. Material and energy recovery from ASR". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4496/.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeck, Jessica Mareile. "A Holistic Approach to Sustainability Analysis of Industrial Networks". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3959.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeck, Jessica Mareile. "A Holistic Approach to Sustainability Analysis of Industrial Networks". University of Sydney. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3959.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this thesis is to support the evaluation of sustainable development strategies for industrial networks in the context of industrial ecology (IE). Industrial networks are a group of units which carry out, or contribute to, industrial activity, and are connected by material and energy flows, but also capital and information exchanges. The components of an industrial network encompass resource extraction, processing and refining, forming and assembly, use, disposal, as well as recycling and reprocessing. The motivation behind this research is the realisation that much of the current environmental system analysis focus within IE lacks a structured approach to considering: • system environment • dynamic nature of the system and its environment • economic and social impacts • the effect of uncertainty on analysis outcomes. It is argued in this thesis that current environmental analysis approaches used in IE can be improved in their capacity to capture the complexity of industrial systems, with the objective of promoting sustainable development. While IE emphasises the benefit of a systems approach to identifying environmental strategies in industry, analysis tools have to date not engaged extensively with important aspects such as the influence of system environment and dynamics on the viability of an environmental strategy, or with the economic or social impacts of industrial system development, which are equally important for sustainable development. Nor is the assessment of the effect of uncertainty on analysis outcomes an integral part of environmental analysis tools in IE. This is particularly significant when, in fact, the degree of uncertainty in assumptions and data used increases with the scope, and therefore the abstraction, of the system under consideration. IE will have to engage with the network and contextual complexities to a greater degree if it is to evolve from a concept to the application of its principles in practice. The main contribution of this thesis is therefore the development of a structured approach to analysing industrial networks for the purpose of identifying strategies to encourage sustainable development, while accounting for the complexity of the underlying system as well as the problem context. This analysis is intended to allow the identification of preferred network development pathways and to test the effectiveness of sustainable development strategies. A top-down, prescriptive approach is adopted for this purpose. This approach is chosen as the industrial network analysis is intended to identify how a network should develop, rather than focusing on how it could develop. Industrial networks are systems which are complex in both their structure and behaviour. This thesis also delivers a characterisation of these networks, which serves two purposes – quantifying key elements of structure and behaviour; and using this information to build a foundation for subsequent industrial network analysis. The value of such an approach can be seen in the following example. With a detailed understanding of individual network characteristics, both separately and collectively, it is possible to determine the source of issues, the means available to address them, any barriers that might exist, and the consequences of implementing any strategic interventions. The analysis approach proposed in this thesis is based on multi-criteria decisions analysis (MCDA), which, as a process, combines initial problem structuring and subsequent quantitative analysis stages. The tools employed within MCDA have been employed variously around considerations of sustainable development. Their value in this thesis is their integration within a rigorous analytical framework. Rigorous problem structuring is attractive as it helps elucidate the complexities of the system and its environment and is, by definition, designed to deal with multiple environmental social and economic criteria that would have to be considered to promote sustainable development. For the quantitative analysis, the industrial network analysis draws from existing analysis tools in IE, but predominately from other systems research disciplines, such as process systems engineering (PSE) and supply chain management (SCM). These fields, due to their maturity and practical focus, have invested a lot of research into system design and strategic planning, capturing system dynamics and uncertainty to ensure, within selected system constraints, that a proposed system or changes to a system are viable, and that the system is capable of achieving the stated objectives. Both PSE and SCM rely heavily on optimisation for system design and planning, and achieve good results with it as an analytical tool. The similarity between industrial networks and process systems / supply chains, suggests that an optimisation platform, specifically multi-objective dynamic optimisation, could be employed fruitfully for the analysis of industrial networks. This is the approach taken in this thesis. It is consistent with the “top down” approach advocated previously, which is deemed preferable for the identification and implementation analysis of strategic interventions. This enables the determination of a structure (design) that is “best” able to operate under future conditions (planning) with respect to the chosen sustainable development objectives. However, an analysis is only ever as good as its underlying data and assumptions. The complexity and scope of the industrial network and the challenge of articulating sustainable development target(s) give rise to significant uncertainties. For this reason a framework is developed within this thesis that integrates uncertainty analysis into the overall approach, to obtain insight into the robustness of the analysis results. Quantifying all the uncertainties in an industrial network model can be a daunting task for a modeller, and a decision-maker can be confused by modelling results. Means are therefore suggested to reduce the set of uncertainties that have to be engaged with, by identifying those which impact critically on model outcomes. However, even if uncertainty cannot be reduced, and the implementation of any strategy retains a degree of risk, the uncertainty analysis has the benefit that it forces an analyst to engage in more detail with the network in question, and to be more critical of the underlying assumptions. The analysis approach is applied to two case studies in this thesis: one deals with waste avoidance in an existing wood-products network in a large urban metropolis; the other with the potential for renewable energy generation in a developing economy. Together, these case studies provide a rich tableau within which to demonstrate the full features of the industrial network analysis. These case studies highlight how the context within which the relevant industrial network functions influences greatly the evolution of the network over time; how uncertainty is managed; and what strategies are preferred in each case in order to enhance the contribution of each network to sustainable development. This thesis makes an intellectual contribution in the following areas: • the characterisation of industrial networks to highlight sources of environmental issues, role the characteristics (could) play in the identification of (preferred) sustainable development strategies, and the need to explicitly consider these in a systems analysis. • the synthesis, adaptation and application of existing tools to fulfil the need for analysis tools in IE that can handle both contextual and system complexity, and address the above mentioned issues of lacking consideration of o system environment o dynamic nature of the system and its environment o economic and social impacts o the effect of uncertainty on analysis outcomes. • the development and demonstration of an industrial network analysis approach that o is flexible enough to model any industrial network at the inter-firm level, regardless of form and configuration of materials and products circulated, and depending on the existing network and the proposed strategies. o is able to encompass a wide range of environmental strategies, either individually or in combination depending on what best suits the situation, rather than focusing on any strategy in particular. o ensures long term viability of strategies, rather than short term solutions delivering incremental improvement. • the development of a comprehensive approach to capturing and assessing the effect of uncertainty on solution robustness for industrial network analysis, including the screening to determine the most important parameters, considering valuation and technical uncertainties, including future uncertainty. The industrial network analysis approach presented in this thesis looks more to how a network should develop (according to a set of sustainable development objectives), rather than how it may in actual fact develop. Consequently, the influence of agent interests and behaviour is not considered explicitly. This may be construed as a limitation of the industrial analysis approach. However, it is argued that the “top down” modelling approach favoured here is useful at a policy-making level. Here, for example, government instrumentalities, trade organisations and industry groupings, non-government organisations and community-based organisations are likely to be interested more in the performance of the network as a whole, rather than (necessarily) following the behaviour of individual agents within the network. Future work could well entertain the prospect of a mixed approach, in which the top-down approach of this thesis is complemented by a “bottom-up”, agent-based analysis. In this manner, it would be possible to give an indication of how attainable the identified industrial network development pathways are. Furthermore, the use of government incentives can be explored to assess if network development could approach the preferred development pathway which is identified using the methodology and results articulated in this thesis.
Ngan, Steven Kwai Foo. "Sustainable manufacturing organisations beyond environmental management systems : a holistic approach". Thesis, University of Derby, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10545/251614.
Pełny tekst źródłaSisman, Osman. "Ethics For Industrial Design: An Ethico-political Critique Of Sustainability In Industrial Design". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606800/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBey, Christoph. "Sustainable production, allocation and consumption : creating steady-state economic structures in industrial ecology". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27888.
Pełny tekst źródłaLima, Juliana Chaves Fontes. "Abordagens industriais ambientais : solucionar problemas de poluição ou buscar sustentabilidade ambiental?" [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258145.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: O setor industrial começa, no século 21, a repensar e reprojetar seus processos com a intenção de minimizar o uso dos recursos naturais, buscar matérias-primas menos impactantes, estudar o impacto de seus produtos em todo o seu ciclo de vida, reconhecer sua interdependência com o meio e mudar o sentido unidirecional dos fluxos de energia e resíduos para ciclos fechados. Ao longo destas discussões uma série de instrumentos foi sendo desenvolvidos para atender à indústria. Por esta razão o presente trabalho analisou a evolução das abordagens ambientais no cenário empresarial a fim de discutir os instrumentos industriais utilizados na busca da sustentabilidade ambiental empresarial.
Abstract: The industrial sector has began, in the 21st century, to rethink and redesign its production processes aiming to minimize natural resources depletion, to foster the use of environmental friendly materials, to research the impact related to the products throughout their life cycle, and to recognize the interdependence between environment and industrial systems in order to change from processes based on unidirectional flows of energy and materials into closed-loops systems. During this period, a number of instruments were developed to fulfill the industry needs. For that reason, this study analyzes the evolution of environmental approaches in the industrial scenario in order to discuss the instruments used to achieve the environmental sustainability of business.
Mestrado
Saneamento e Ambiente
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
Duarte, André Daniel Cardoso Robalo. "A indústria (re)visitada por entre azinhagas históricas". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17508.
Pełny tekst źródłaNuma época posterior ao advento que marcou os séculos XIX e XX, grande parte do património industrial que hoje nos resta em Portugal, e especificamente em Lisboa, encontra-se em estado de degradação e abandono. Representativas da história da industrialização, estas unidades fabris encontram-se agora em estados expectantes de intervenção e reaproveitamento. Recentemente, a aposta no turismo como fonte de crescimento económico em Portugal tem mostrado ser uma estratégia de sucesso para o país, pelo que a exploração de novas vertentes culturais do tema, oferecem também visibilidade ao rico período da industrialização. Em “Indústria (Re)Visitada”, revitaliza-se um percurso histórico pelos elementos fabris de Xabregas e vale de Chelas, onde história nacional e identidade local se encontram, permitindo, simultaneamente, que cada unidade fabril albergue um pedaço do cariz do vale, enquanto se destaca como representativa da própria memória industrial. Na Tinturaria Portugália, desenha-se um dos cinco pedaços da identidade do vale de Chelas – o complexo «Comunidade» - que procura revitalizar a histórica Estrada de Chelas, através da reinserção de pessoas carenciadas na sociedade, nomeadamente a população sem-abrigo, de acordo com uma lógica de resiliência cultural, ambiental e social. Considerando as necessidades actuais de reabilitação do património industrial, procura-se aliar a inclusão social à descoberta dos valores que as grandes estruturas fabris apresentam, utilizando meios sustentáveis na proposta de intervenção.
ABSTRACT: In a time following the advent that defined the XIX and XX centuries, much of Portugal’s industrial heritage, particularly in Lisbon, is in a state of degradation and neglect. Representatives of the history of industrialization, these manufacturing units are now in expectant states of intervention and reuse. Recently, the bet on tourism as a source of economic growth in Portugal has proved to be a successful strategy for the country, so the exploration of new cultural aspects of the theme also offer visibility to the rich period of industrialization. In “(Re)Visited Industry”, an historic pathway is revitalized by the industrial elements of the Xabregas and Chelas’ valley, where national history and local identity meet, allowing each factory unit to simultaneously accomodate a piece of the local culture, while it highlights its own industrial memory. In Tinturaria Portugália, one of the five pieces of the Chelas’ valley identity is drawn – the «Community» complex – which aims to revitalize the historical Estrada de Chelas, through the reintegration of people in need into the society, specifically the homeless population, according to a logic of cultural, environmental and social resilience. Considering the current needs of rehabilitation of the industrial heritage, it seeks to combine the social inclusion with the discovery of the values that the great manufacturing structures present, using sustainable means in the proposed intervention.
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Feiz, Roozbeh. "Industrial Ecology and Development of Production Systems : Analysis of the CO2 Footprint of Cement". Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-105942.
Pełny tekst źródłaLindblom, Jonas, i Max Larsson. "Algal Flue Gas Sequestration and Wastewater Treatment : An Industrial Experiment". Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-32146.
Pełny tekst źródłaCJP Solutions in collaboration with Waste Handling and Management (WHAM), two companies based in Melbourne, Australia, are currently developing a process to treat and recycle biosolids left over from the wastewater treatment process at Melbourne Water’s Western Treatment Plant. The biosolids are contaminated with heavy metals from industrial wastewater, being treated together with municipal wastewater. The companies are looking for a sustainable solution for sequestering flue gases from pyrolysis of the biosolids, into an algal biomass. In this Master Thesis project, a technical solution has been designed, constructed and tested on site over the course of twenty weeks in Melbourne, the goal being to determine gas and water cleanup performance. After eight weeks of initial literature review covering CO 2-sequestration and industrial applications of algae cultivation, the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was chosen as the main strain to be used, due to it being robust and having a high growth rate. In addition to the Chlorella v. culture, a mix consisting of local algae cultures together with Chlorella v. was also cultivated throughout the experiments. The experiments were carried out during three weeks at AGL’s biogas power plant, at the Western Treatment Plant. Untreated exhaust gas was led through a system of cooling, filtration, and compression, into the two separate algal culture systems. One consisted of seven 25 litre plastic column reactors, the other of a 250 litre pond reactor. The systems were mixed through air bubbling, exhaust gas inlet, as well as by a mechanical stirrer in the pond reactor. The algae were grown in partially treated wastewater. Factors determining the system design included simplicity in construction, use of cheap, available materials, as well as a three week design and construction deadline.
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Oliver, i. Solà Jordi. "Industrial ecology as a discipline for the analysis and design of sustainable urban settlements". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5331.
Pełny tekst źródłaEncara que el focus d'atenció per mitigar el canvi climàtic s'ha centrat en els combustibles alternatius, vehicles, i la generació d'electricitat; la millora del disseny urbà, representa una oportunitat important que sovint no es valora prou. Aquesta tesi estén l'anàlisi de l'Ecologia Industrial a l'avaluació ambiental de les obres civils en l'entorn urbà, incloent parcs de serveis en zones urbanes.
Pel que fa al sector serveis, el capítol II avalua, des de la perspectiva de l'Ecologia Industrial, l'eficiència energètica dels serveis dins del Parc urbà de Montjuïc i determina el seu impacte ambiental global. A més, aquest estudi determina quins són els serveis més intensius energèticament i analitza la seva eficiència per visitant o unitat de superfície.
El consum d'electricitat representa gairebé el 70% de l'energia total consumida pels serveis en el Parc de Montjuïc, i la superfície forestal necessària per absorbir les emissions de CO2 equivalent produïdes pel cicle de vida de l'energia consumida representa 12,2 vegades la superfície del Parc.
El capítol III analitza l'optimització ambiental de les voreres a les zones urbanes. Encara que una àmplia gamma de materials i solucions constructives estan disponibles per a la pavimentació de les voreres, aquest estudi es centra en tres solucions constructives de formigó molt comunes. Cada solució constructiva té característiques diferents que afecten la seva funcionalitat en: trànsit, característiques de la superfície, i manteniment.
Pel que fa a principals aportacions, aquest estudi fa una descripció general i proveeix l'inventari dels sistemes de vorera estudiats. Segons l'Anàlisi de Cicle de Vida (ACV), el sistema de panot és el que presenta valors més elevats d'impacte ambiental, tanmateix és el tipus de paviment de vorera més utilitzat en l'àrea d'estudi, degut principalment a les preocupacions estètiques i els imperatius del manteniment dels serveis urbans subterranis.
Restringir l'ús dels paviments de formigó per a vianants amb una major capacitat estructural a aquelles seccions de carrer que en realitat els exigeixen podria reduir els impactes ambientals fins un 73,8% a les àrees exclusives per vianants.
Els capítols IV i V utilitzen la metodologia de l'ACV per analitzar el tipus i origen dels impactes ambientals relacionats amb les xarxes de distribució de gas natural i calor.
Per a la xarxa de gas natural, els resultats mostren que l'impacte per habitatge en les categories ambientals estudiades és d'entre 1,9 i 4,8 vegades més gran en un barri de baixa densitat, en funció de la categoria d'impacte. A més, a les zones d'alta densitat el principal impacte s'origina a partir de components i materials relacionats amb els edificis i habitatges, mentre que en zones de baixa densitat el principal impacte s'origina a la xarxa de barri. Tenint en compte aquest últim resultat, s'avalua la conveniència de substituir la xarxa de barri per un sistema discontinu basat en tancs de propà. El resultat indica que quan es necessita una canonada de barri de més d'1 km per arribar a un usuari, és ambientalment preferible per a totes les categories d'impacte utilitzar el sistema de tancs de propà.
Per a la xarxa de distribució de calor, els resultats mostren que les fonts d'impacte no ubiquen especialment a la xarxa principal (menys del 7,1% de contribució a totes les categories d'impacte), que és el subsistema que ha centrat l'atenció en la literatura; sinó que aquest es troba a les plantes de generació energètica i als components dels habitatges. Aquests dos subsistemes contribueixen conjuntament entre un 40% i un 92% a l'impacte ambiental en funció de les categories d'impacte. Pel que fa als components, només un nombre reduït són responsables de la majoria dels impactes ambientals.
Com a conclusió general, l'enfocament de l'Ecologia Industrial aplicat als sistemes urbans, estudiant el metabolisme de les ciutats, barris, sectors econòmics o les infraestructures, proveeix de dades sobre el metabolisme dels sistemes urbans, assenyala els punts febles des d'una perspectiva ambiental i assenyala les oportunitats de millora dels nostres sistemes urbans. Per tant, l'Ecologia Industrial es converteix en el primer pas per orientar els processos de disseny ecològic a escala de barri o d'infraestructura.
A pesar de representar sólo el 2,7% de la superficie del planeta, las ciudades del mundo son responsables del 75% del consumo de energía, y el 80% de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero.
Aunque el foco de atención para mitigar el cambio climático se ha centrado en los combustibles alternativos, vehículos, y la generación de electricidad; la mejora del diseño urbano, representa una oportunidad importante que a menudo no se valora suficientemente. Esta tesis extiende el análisis de la Ecología Industrial en la evaluación ambiental de las obras civiles en el entorno urbano, incluyendo parques de servicios en zonas urbanas.
En cuanto al sector servicios, el capítulo II evalúa, desde la perspectiva de la Ecología Industrial, la eficiencia energética de los servicios dentro del Parque urbano de Montjuïc y determina su impacto ambiental global. Además, este estudio determina cuáles son los servicios más intensivos energéticamente y analiza su eficiencia por visitante o unidad de superficie.
El consumo de electricidad representa casi el 70% de la energía total consumida por los servicios en el Parque de Montjuïc, y la superficie forestal necesaria para absorber las emisiones de CO2 equivalente producidas por el ciclo de vida de la energía consumida representa 12,2 veces la superficie del Parque.
El capítulo III analiza la optimización ambiental de las aceras en las zonas urbanas. Aunque una amplia gama de materiales y soluciones constructivas están disponibles para la pavimentación de las aceras, este estudio se centra en tres soluciones constructivas de hormigón muy comunes. Cada solución constructiva tiene características diferentes que afectan a su funcionalidad en: tráfico, características de la superficie, y mantenimiento.
En cuanto a principales aportaciones, este estudio hace una descripción general y provee el inventario de los sistemas de acera estudiados. Según el Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV), el sistema de pavimento hidráulico es el que presenta valores más elevados de impacto ambiental, sin embargo es el tipo de pavimento de acera más utilizado en el área de estudio, debido principalmente a las preocupaciones estéticas y los imperativos del mantenimiento de los servicios urbanos subterráneos.
Restringir el uso de los pavimentos de hormigón para peatones con una mayor capacidad estructural a aquellas secciones de calle que en realidad los exigen podría reducir los impactos ambientales hasta un 73,8% en las áreas exclusivas para peatones.
Los capítulos IV y V utilizan la metodología del ACV para analizar el tipo y origen de los impactos ambientales relacionados con las redes de distribución de gas natural y calor. Para la red de gas natural, los resultados muestran que el impacto por vivienda en las categorías ambientales estudiadas es de entre 1,9 y 4,8 veces mayor en un barrio de baja densidad, en función de la categoría de impacto. Además, en las zonas de alta densidad el principal impacto se origina a partir de componentes y materiales relacionados con los edificios y viviendas, mientras que en zonas de baja densidad el principal impacto se origina en la red de barrio. Teniendo en cuenta este último resultado, se evalúa la conveniencia de sustituir la red de barrio por un sistema discontinuo basado en tanques de propano. El resultado indica que cuando se necesita una tubería de barrio de más de 1 km para llegar a un usuario, es ambientalmente preferible para todas las categorías de impacto utilizar el sistema de tanques de propano.
Para la red de distribución de calor, los resultados muestran que las fuentes de impacto no se ubican especialmente en la red principal (menos del 7,1% de contribución en todas las categorías de impacto), que es el subsistema que ha centrado la atención en la literatura, sino que éste se encuentra en las plantas de generación energética y los componentes de las viviendas. Estos dos subsistemas contribuyen conjuntamente entre un 40% y un 92% al impacto ambiental en función de las categorías de impacto. En cuanto a los componentes, sólo un número reducido son responsables de la mayoría de los impactos ambientales.
Como conclusión general, el enfoque de la Ecología Industrial aplicado a los sistemas urbanos, estudiando el metabolismo de las ciudades, barrios, sectores económicos o las infraestructuras, provee de datos sobre el metabolismo de los sistemas urbanos, señala los puntos débiles desde una perspectiva ambiental y señala las oportunidades de mejora de nuestros sistemas urbanos. Por tanto, la Ecología Industrial se convierte en el primer paso para orientar los procesos de diseño ecológico a escala de barrio o de infraestructura.
Despite representing only 2.7% of the world's surface area, the world's cities are responsible for 75% of the world's energy consumption, and 80% of greenhouse gas emissions.
Although much attention on mitigating climate change has focused on alternative fuels, vehicles, and electricity generation, better urban design represents an important yet undervalued opportunity. This thesis extends the analysis of Industrial Ecology to the environmental assessment of civil works in the urban environment, including service estates in urban areas.
Concerning the service sector, chapter II evaluates, from an Industrial Ecology perspective, the energy performance of the services inside the Montjuïc urban park and determines their global environmental impact. Additionally, this study determines which are the most energy demanding services and the efficiency of their energy use per visitor and per surface area unit.
Electricity consumption represents nearly 70% of the total energy consumed by the services at Montjuïc Park. The forest surface area required to absorb the CO2-equivalent emissions produced by the life cycle of the energy consumed at Montjuïc Park represents 12.2 times the Park's surface area.
Chapter III analyzes the environmental optimization of concrete sidewalks in urban areas. Although a wide range of materials and constructive solutions are available for sidewalk paving, this study focuses on three very common concrete-based systems with different functionalities in terms of traffic, surface characteristics, and maintenance.
In terms of main findings, this study provides a comprehensive description and inventory of the sidewalk systems under study. According to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), the slab system has the highest environmental impacts; this happens to be the most widely used sidewalk type in the area studied, mainly due to aesthetic concerns and the imperatives of maintaining underground urban services. Regardless of the thickness of the concrete base, the slab system has the highest impact in all categories compared with the other two sidewalk types.
Restricting the use of concrete sidewalks with high structural capacity to street sections that actually require them could reduce environmental impacts by up to 73.8% in pedestrian-only areas.
Chapters IV and V use the LCA methodology to analyze the type and origin of environmental impacts related to natural gas and district heating distribution networks.
For the natural gas network the results show that the impact per dwelling in the environmental categories studied is between 1.9 and 4.8 times higher in a low density neighborhood, depending on the impact category. Besides, in high density areas the main impact originates from components and materials related to the buildings and dwellings, whereas in low density areas the main impact originates on the neighborhood network. Given this last result, the advisability of substituting the neighborhood network by a discontinuous system based on propane tanks has been evaluated, obtaining as a result that when a single neighborhood pipe, longer than 1 km, is required to reach one user, it is environmentally preferable for all the studied environmental categories to use the propane tank system.
For the district heating network, the results show that the sources of impact are not particularly located in the main grid (less than 7.1% contribution in all impact categories), which is the focus of attention in the literature, but in the power plants and dwelling components. These two subsystems together contribute from 40% to 92% to the overall impact depending on the impact categories. Concerning the components, only a reduced number are responsible for the majority of the environmental impact.
As a very general conclusion, the Industrial Ecology approach applied to urban systems, studying the metabolism of the cities, neighborhoods, economic sectors or infrastructures, provides clarifying data about the metabolism of urban systems; identifies the environmental flaws and improvement opportunities of our urban systems and becomes the first step for guiding ecodesign processes on an infrastructural or neighborhood scale.
Wallace, Andrew D. "An industrial ecology approach to on-site waste management planning at The Forks Market". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0010/MQ32278.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaCollins, Timothy Martin. "Art ecology and planning : strategic concepts and creativity within the post industrial public realm". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2789.
Pełny tekst źródłaAid, Graham. "Operationalizing Industrial Ecology in the Waste Sector : Roles and tactics for circular value innovation". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-137464.
Pełny tekst źródłaOnita, John. "How does industrial symbiosis influence environmental performance?" Thesis, Linköping University, The Tema Institute, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7766.
Pełny tekst źródłaA collaborative approach to industry-environment issues is acknowledged as a key aspect of sustainable development. Sincerely, resource sharing among firms offers the potential to increase stability of operations, especially in supply-constrained areas, by ensuring that access to important inputs such as water, energy and raw materials are guaranteed. Industrial Symbiosis (IS), a sub-field of Industrial Ecology, is primarily concerned with the cyclical flow of resources through networks of industrial units as a means of cooperatively approaching environmentally sustainable industrial activity. In line with this principle, a critical assessment of the change in environmental performance brought about by industrial symbiosis (IS) was conducted in nineteen selected eco-industrial park case studies identified in all regions of the world with the exception of the African continent. Case study selection criteria were based on models of eco-industrial parks proposed by Chertow (2000). A description of the type of material exchanges that go on in each case study was carried out which revealed evidence of implemented synergies in respective case studies. A comparative assessment of cross-case patterns which is a semi-quantitative matrix used to quantify the degree of environmental performance showed that there was a clear evidence of improved environmental performance among respective case studies investigated where water, energy and material flows served as indicators. Results obtained from the study showed a common pattern of industrial presence in respective case studies reflecting the occurrence of heavy process industries such as oil refineries, cement industries, petrochemical industries, and steel industries. The principle of “anchor tenant” proposed by some experts in the field of industrial ecology was strongly supported by the obtained results. Symbiotic cooperation among participating firms in respective case studies were mainly on areas like cogeneration, re-use of materials, recycling and wastewater treatment and re-use.
Dyke, Alison Jane. "The practice, politics and ecology of non timber forest products in Scotland". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5632/.
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