Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Independent professions”
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Cross, David, i Juani Swart. "Professional liminality: Independent consultants spanning professions". Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, nr 1 (sierpień 2018): 14500. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.14500abstract.
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Varneva, M. "REVIVAL AND ESTABLISHMENT OF PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS, PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS IN BULGARIAN HEALTHCARE (1990-2019)". East European Scientific Journal 1, nr 6(70) (10.07.2021): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2021.1.70.65.
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From 1947 to 1990, all health professionals gradually became part of the Health Workers' Union. At the beginning of the democratic changes in Bulgaria (1989-1990) the revival and registration of professional organizations of the medical professions began. Some of them for a short time, others for a longer period are members of the Confederation of Independent Trade Unions in Bulgaria and the Confederation of Labor "Support". With the legislative changes in the country, the healthcare professions became regulated professions, which led to the emergence of legally legitimate professional organizations. The purpose of this review is to trace and present the revival of professional organizations of health professionals in Bulgaria after 1990. Archival documents, written sources and websites of official organizations and trade unions were used for this purpose. From the collected and presented information we can conclude that according to the legislation of the Republic of Bulgaria each regulated profession should have its own professional organization, regardless of whether it is a union or an association. Some professions have independent legally legitimate professional organizations, while others are part of the Bulgarian Association of Healthcare Professionals.
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Polgar, Michael F. "Professional Ethics in Three Professions during the Holocaust". Conatus 4, nr 2 (31.12.2019): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/cjp.21053.
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Modern scholars and bioethicists continue to learn from the Holocaust. Scholarship and history show that the authoritarian Nazi state limited and steered the development and power of professions and professional ethics during the Holocaust. Eliminationist anti-Semitism drove German professions and many professionals to join in policies and programs of mass deportation and ultimately genocidal mass murder, while also excluding many professionals (including most Jewish professionals) from paid work. For many physicians and other medical professionals, humane and truly ethical practices were limited by constrained professional autonomy and coercive state laws. Education and research in natural sciences were distorted by applications of racist eugenic policies and practices. In law schools and legal professions, professionals were rewarded as judgmental enforcers of state policies, often working with limited independent agency and in the public sphere. Mass harm and mass crimes were therefore perpetrated in accordance with Nazi laws and policies, incorporating professions and professionals into destructive practices, along with other occupational groups.
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Neuenschwander, Markus P., Jan Hofmann, Andreas Jüttler i Stephan Schumann. "Professional Desires and Career Decisions: Effects of Professional Interests, Role Models, and Internship in Lower Secondary School". International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training 5, nr 3 (22.11.2018): 226–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.13152/ijrvet.5.3.5.
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Context: Following the social cognitive career theory of Lent, Brown, and Hackett (1994), the current study examines the effect of role models’ professions and practical internship experiences on the choice of professional environment independent of professional interests. Embedded in the Swiss context with its strong vocational training system, the paper outlines to what extent the desired professional environment is realized in the chosen apprenticeship two years later and how this realization can be predicted. The theoretical model proposes that students form direct professional experiences during their first internship(s). If those experiences are positive, students choose an apprenticeship in the same professional environment. Students have indirect (vicarious) professional experiences through their role models. If those experiences are positive, students choose an apprenticeship in the role model’s professional environment. The study examined whether, independent of professional interests, direct experiences in internships and indirect experiences through role models’ professions predict the realization of a desired professional environment in an apprenticeship.Method: The longitudinal sample consists of N = 348 seventh- and ninth-grade students from four German-speaking Swiss cantons. Professional interests and environments were measured using standardized questionnaires. The professional environments of the desired professions, the chosen apprenticeships, the role model’s professions, and the internship’s professions were coded using Holland’s (1997) interest types: realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional (RIASEC).Results: In 53% of the cases, students chose an apprenticeship in the professional environment they desired. In 53% of the cases, the chosen professional environment corresponded with the professional environment of the student’s two most important role models. In 39% of the cases, those role models were their parents. By means of logistic regression analyses, we can show that role models’ professional environments and the professional environment of the first internship influenced the realization of the desired professional environment at the end of lower secondary school, independent of the effect of the individuals’ interests.Conclusions: Results show that direct professional experiences in internships and indirect experiences of role models influence the realization of the desired professional environment, independent of professional interests. In a contextual approach, career counselling should include the role model’s profession and how it corresponds with the client’s interests and professional desires. Moreover, role models, especially parents, have a responsibility to reflect on how their goals influence students’ career choice processes.
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Pryor, Claire, Sally Gilborson, Phill Morgan Henshaw i Stuart Maddock. "What's in a name? The complex conundrum of prescribing nomenclature in practice". Journal of Prescribing Practice 5, nr 9 (2.09.2023): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jprp.2023.5.9.379.
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Health professionals who can legally prescribe medication and medical devices, but who are not doctors or dentists, come from a wide range of backgrounds, including the Nursing and Midwifery Council, General Pharmaceutical Council, and some Health and Care Professions Council registrants. The professionals are often grouped together and defined as ‘non-medical prescribers’. This may or may not be a useful collective term as, depending on professional registration, these professionals may be afforded differing prescribing rights, which may include a combination of independent/supplementary prescribing, independent prescribing (only), supplementary prescribing (only), or community nurse practitioner prescribing activity. This article explores the confusing nomenclature around prescribing, and the impact the names and terms used in practice have on professions. The naming and identification of role should be facilitative, to allow others to understand the legal context of prescribing activity, boundaries, and role expectations.
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Papoyan, V. R., A. S. Galstyan i D. Yu Sargsyan. "RELATIONSHIP OF SUBJECT PREPARATION AND MOTIVATION OF STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-ORIENTATION". Modern Psychology 2, nr 2 (4) (27.09.2019): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/sbmp/2019.2.2(4).389.
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The article is dedicated to the psychological assessment of students' professional self-orientation, the purpose of which is to study the correlation between their own knowledge, desires and professional relevance. The article summarizes the results of 395 the study showing that the surveyed respondents (70 people) are highly motivated, independent and their life decisions are specific. However, their concepts of choosing a profession are weak due to their knowledge, faithful desires and preferences. It was obvious that many of the students who were on the threshold of choosing a profession had no idea about the professions. The data obtained allow us to conclude that students do not get efficient awareness of professions at the relevant stages of training, this, in its turn makes the choice and professional self-orientation difficult.
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Syeda Sanaa Fatima i Rahila Yasmeen. "The fate of health professions education as a profession: a road less travelled". Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, nr 2 (15.01.2023): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.5358.
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Objective: To explore the views of academics about the identity of Health Professions Education as a discipline, its fate and sustainability as a profession. Method: The qualitative exploratory study was conducted from February to July 2021 after approval from the ethics review committee of Islamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised both fulltime and part-time health professions educationists of either gender teaching in different institutions of seven cities of Pakistan; Taxila, Kamrah, Rawalpindi, Peshawar, Lahore, Multan and Karachi. Using Professional Identity theory, data was collected through semi-structured one-on-one interviews which were conducted online. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded and thematically analysed. Result: Of the 14 participants, 7(50%) had qualifications and experience of other specialities as well, while 7(50%) were pure health professions educationists. Overall, 5(35%) subjects were from Rawalpindi, 3(21%) were serving in multiple cities including Peshawer, 2(14%) were from Taxilla and 1(7.5%) each was from Lahore, Karachi, Kamrah and Multan. Accumulated data led to 31 codes with 3 themes and 15 sub-themes. The main themes were identity of health professions education as a discipline, its fate and sustainability. Conclusion: Health professions education has established its identity as a discipline in Pakistan, with independent, fully functioning departments in medical and dental colleges across the country. Key Words: Health professions education, Future, Health professions educationists, Profession.
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Lipowski, Paweł, i Maja Mydel. "Kwalifikacje zawodowe wybranych zawodów medycznych – charakterystyka wymogów prawnych i aspektów praktycznych". Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie 20, nr 4 (2024): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20842627oz.22.019.19348.
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In terms of legal requirements for medical personnel, education plays a key role – in each of the analyzed medical professions – it must be a higher education. In the field of post-graduate education (after obtaining the right to practice), it is also possible to complete a specialization course, as a result of which one is able to obtain the title of specialist. As a part of this form of education, medical personnel should constantly improve their professional qualifications in various forms, e.g. qualification courses and specialized training. The provisions of the analyzed acts relating to the so-called independent medical professions indicate, above all, that in order to practice each of the medical professions, it is necessary to hold (maintain) the right to practice the profession and that is subject to the obligation of continuous education, verified by medical boards. The law specifies legal requirements for people who want to practice medicine, in the first place, students of medical faculties. They establish the conditions for obtaining the prerequisite to practice the profession and provide for the need of the continuous postgraduate education after fulfilling the education requirement. This solution introduces a significant scope of legal liability for people who want to practice a given medical profession, which guarantees an appropriate level of protection for patients. Legal regulations for medical professions are in many cases similar, although there are separate legal solutions.
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Okoro, Olihe, Omolayo Umaru i Meghana Ray. "Women of Color in the Health Professions: A Scoping Review of the Literature". Pharmacy 12, nr 1 (7.02.2024): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy12010029.
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Women of color (WoC) in the health professions encounter challenges in advancement to higher positions, disparities in wages, discrimination, lack of expectation to achieve leadership positions, and absence of extensive support networks. Articles in the literature have addressed race and/or gender in the context of professional development. However, applying an intersectional lens or framework to better understand the contextual issues of professional development for WoC remains to be addressed. Thus, this scoping review aimed to (i) identify health professions literature that addresses disparities affecting WoC, and (ii) describe strategies and approaches to support WoC in the health professions. Methods: The literature searches were conducted in multiple databases, including PubMed and MEDLINE (Ovid); and Google and Google Scholar were used to “hand search” further articles including gray literature. Three independent reviewers reviewed and screened articles for inclusion in accordance with a guide. Search included articles on pharmacy or healthcare professions, published in English, and which met three content criteria: racial disparities/inequities, professional development/career advancement, and women or gender disparities Results: A total of 31 articles were included—medicine (17), nursing (1), pharmacy (7), other (4), and multiple health professions (2). Key findings included underrepresentation of women and minority groups, inequities in professional advancement and leadership positions for WoC, and greater dissatisfaction and attrition among minority and women professionals. Conclusion: WoC face unique and distinct challenges and barriers in their professional careers resulting from the intersectionality of not only race and gender, but also lived experiences and opportunities. Strategies to improve diversity and representation should include an intersectional framework or lens and be critically evaluated.
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Hashem, Mazen. "Becoming an independent field: Societal pressures, state, and professions". Higher Education 54, nr 2 (26.09.2006): 181–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10734-005-2295-5.
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Afridah, Wiwik, Trimartiana, Prihartini Widiyanti i Mochammad Bagus Qomaruddin. "Acceptance of interprofessional education (IPE) for educators at health-based faculty universitas nahdlatul ulama Surabaya". Bali Medical Journal 11, nr 3 (11.09.2022): 1121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i3.3495.
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Introduction: Health professionals as key players in the health effort, who must prepare to face the 'triple burden' of challenges such as the current pandemic COVID-19. Closely related to interprofessional education is the realization of a workforce that is prepared through independent learning to face change, social order, culture, labor needs and technological advances. The purpose of this study was to assess acceptance of interprofessional education among health-based undergraduate educators. Methods: Cross-sectional study design. Respondents are 45 educators from 141 educators from the Public Health, Nutrition, Nursing, Medicine, Midwifery, Occupational Health and Safety, and Medical Laboratory Technology Study Program. The instrument is a questionnaire that refers to the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS) in the form of multiple-choice questions and the results are analyzed descriptively. Results: The result of the study is respondents agree that educators need to work with other professions through interprofessional education is 62,2%. Respondents that said about individuals in their profession are very positive about their contributions and achievements are 71,1%. 68.9% of respondents trust each other's professional judgment. There are 40% of respondents who do not agree with the assumption that their status profession is looked higher than other professions. 64,4% of respondents understand that they need to make every effort to understand the capabilities and contributions of other professions. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that educators' perceptions of IPE can provide an understanding of the need for collaboration and a better attitude in teamwork through interdisciplinary education. Further research is needed to explore other factors that may influence specific perceptions among educators.
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Hearn, Cherie, Adam Govier i Adam Ivan Semciw. "Clinical care ratios: quantifying clinical versus non-clinical care for allied health professionals". Australian Health Review 41, nr 3 (2017): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16017.
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Objective Clinical care ratios (CCRs) are a useful tool that can be used to quantify and benchmark the clinical and non-clinical workloads of allied health professionals. The purpose of this study was to determine if CCRs are influenced by level of seniority, type of role or profession. This will provide meaningful information for allied health service managers to better manage service demand and capacity. Method Data was collected from 2036 allied health professionals from five professions across 11 Australian tertiary hospitals. Mean (95% confidence intervals) CCRs were calculated according to profession, seniority and role type. A two-way ANOVA was performed to assess the association of CCRs (dependent variable) with seniority level and profession (independent variables). Post-hoc pairwise comparisons identified where significant main or interaction effects occurred (α = 0.05). Results Significant main effects for seniority level and profession were identified (P < 0.05), but there was no interaction effect. Post-hoc comparisons revealed significant differences between all tier combinations (P < 0.05) with more senior staff having the lowest CCRs. Conclusion The direct and non-direct clinical components of the allied health professional’s workload can be quantified and benchmarked with like roles and according to seniority. The benchmarked CCRs for predominantly clinical roles will enable managers to compare and evaluate like roles and modify non-direct clinical components according to seniority and discipline. What is known about the topic? CCRs are a useful tool to quantify, monitor and compare workloads of allied health professionals. They are thought to change with increased seniority of roles. The CCRs for different allied health professional roles has yet to be defined in the literature. What does this paper add? CCRs decrease as level of seniority increases, indicating higher seniority increases non-clinical time. CCRs differ across professions, suggesting that benchmarking with CCRs must be profession specific. What are the implications for practitioners? The direct and non-direct clinical components of a workload can be quantified, defined and benchmarked with like roles to ensure cost-effective and optimal service delivery and patient outcomes.
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Yeager, Karen M. "Independent Living". Activities, Adaptation & Aging 20, nr 2 (kwiecień 1996): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j016v20n02_01.
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Ternavska, Tetіana, Oksana Danylko i Serhii Radul. "THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL MOTIVATION OF FUTURE AVIATION SPECIALISTS". B U L L E T I N OF OLEKSANDR DOVZHENKO HLUKHIV NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY 51, nr 1 (29.03.2023): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31376/2410-0897-2023-1-51-141-150.
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The article presents a theoretical analysis of the educational and professional motivation of future aviation professionals. The motivation of professional cognitive activity of cadets/students is outlined as a key factor for learning and independent choice of profession, the field of activity and self-realization, and identification of conscious motivation for mastering regulatory priority disciplines. The aim of this research is the theoretical analysis of the educational and professional motivation of future aviation specialists. The analyses of references, and theoretical research methods, which are based on the analysis of scientific and methodical literature on the problems of the educational and professional motivation formation process of future aviation specialists, were used as research methods. The levels of motivation are summarized. The meaning of the criteria of the factors of its formation is disclosed. The cardinal positions of the motivational aspect of effective educational and professional activity of future aviation specialists were formed and theoretically substantiated. These positions are of practical importance in order to avoid the problems associated with the current influx of energetic, promising young people to the faculties of prestigious intellectual professions (specialities), while there is a great need for personnel in aviation specialities.
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Brown, Harvie Walker. "Address by The President of the Faculty of Actuaries". British Actuarial Journal 11, nr 1 (1.04.2005): 41–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357321700003147.
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ABSTRACTThis Presidential Address takes place at a time of great change for the Actuarial Profession, not least the review of the Actuarial Profession by Sir Derek Morris and his team. The Address concentrates on the changes that the Actuarial Profession, like many other professions, needs to address from a professional perspective in the 21st century. Key aspects such as peer review, monitoring of compliance with standards, CPD and revalidation of a member's competence are considered and the changes that need to be made in these areas outlined. A review of the complicated area of Conflicts of Interest as it impacts on the work of actuaries, especially in today's business environment and the high expectations of clients, points towards the need for additional professional guidance in this area. The need for an Independent Actuarial Standards Board with a significant non-actuarial membership to take responsibility for the standard setting process of the Actuarial Profession is a necessity going forward.
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Ackroyd, Stephen. "Organization Contra Organizations: Professions and Organizational Change in the United Kingdom". Organization Studies 17, nr 4 (lipiec 1996): 599–621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/017084069601700403.
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Professions in the United Kingdom have been periodically marginalized and their growth suspended, but they have shown considerable capacity to adapt. The evolution of 'new model' professions at the end of the last century and the beginning of the present one, which occurred without governmental regula tion or patronage, was associated with the development of an effective and independent form of occupational organization for professional groups. This organization combines control of the labour market with informal cooperation and control within employing organizations, and is identified as a form of occupational 'double closure'. It is characteristic for occupations organized in this sort of way to become encapsulated groups or quasi organizations within formal organizations. This argument is developed in the body of the paper through a consideration of the contemporary situation of professionals in man ufacturing industry and the public services, where new model professions have established themselves firmly in the present century, and where there are some very similar informal structures. The influence of current social and economic change on these forms of professional organization is then discussed, and it is argued that although they are clearly embattled in some of the areas of their traditional strength, because of their developed organizational attributes, professional groups are likely to persist. Contemporary management of profes sional services is not without difficulty in these circumstances; and, in areas where professions are well-established, re-organization is taking place round encapsulated professional groups rather than by re-constructing them. Despite some superficial similarities, therefore, the management of services is different between traditional professional services and newer commercial ones. More over, if the account of professional self-organization developed here is a reli able guide, in the longer term we may expect it to extend to new services, despite current differences in their organization and forms of managerial control.
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C, Somashekar. ""Social Profile of Indian Physicians "". Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 7, nr 1 (1.01.2008): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.12.2.
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This paper describes the social profile of 200 physicians, practicing medical profession in Bangalore City of the State of Karnataka. The paper explores the personal, family and educational background of the physicians. This would enable us not only to have a social profile of the medical practitioners in the social system, but may also be of relevance in explaining their professional performance. An important finding of the study reveals that the proportion of those coming from higher social origins being marginally higher at 55 percent. It could be indicating to a trend in which the share of less privileged in higher ranking professions is on the rise. An attempt is made to understand the implications of social origin for other traits. The findings reveal that social origin varies significantly with rural urban background, basis for medical education, age at thinking of medical professions and educational grades of the physicians. However, it varies independent of gender, age and educational achievements of the physicians studied.
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Ghimire, Durga. "Teaching Profession and Satisfaction: A Female Perspective". Sotang, Yearly Peer Reviewed Journal 4, nr 4 (1.09.2022): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sotang.v4i4.57090.
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Teachers are role models for educational improvement. Quality of education depends upon the provider and facilitator’s ability. The issue of this study is focused on the teaching profession and satisfaction from a female perspective. To explore the views on the teaching profession from a female teacher’s perspective and dig- out the affective reasons for teachers regarding professional satisfaction. This study talks about the female teacher profession's situation and their happiness with the quality of education they provide. This study is based on a qualitative research design. Purposefully selected three permanent female teachers of different community schools in Kathmandu Valley. To fulfill the objective of the study, I developed the interview it has used in-depth interviews with secondary female teachers for data collection. Every of my participants have stated that they are very glad and equally satisfied by their professions. There are many reasons behind it the major being an independent respectful and self-earning person. The profession in itself comes with huge respect and good social status in a community. Being respected by the children by their guardians and people of the community makes them self-satisfied and continue to do what they do. From the collected data teachers expressed their strong opinions regarding the teaching.
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Gniadek, Agnieszka, Weronika Nawara, Marlena Padykuła i Iwona Malinowska-Lipień. "Polska pielęgniarka w czasie pandemii zakażeń SARS-CoV-2 – różne perspektywy wykonywania zawodu". Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie 18, nr 2 (2020): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20842627oz.20.014.12767.
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A Polish nurse during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic – various aspects of following a nursing profession A nurse as well as a midwife belong to independent professions which inherently involve performing numerous tasks and functions in various areas and in various positions, which simultaneously requires from these professions respecting the rules of law. In health-threatening conditions, for example during a pandemic, especially when all social groups are exposed to danger and when danger arises unexpectedly, nurses become an important link in the process of providing health security to everybody who needs it. In such situations nurses are obliged to perform their professional duties as well as possible and, at the same time, they have to tackle numerous family responsibilities. No matter if they take direct care of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus or those possibly suffering from COVID-19, work as university lecturers teaching prospective nurses or hold managerial positions, they always face professional difficulties and dilemmas or even real dangers. Although the challenges which nurses face during the pandemic tend to change week by week, nurses, with time, learn to respond to them for the sake of other people’s welfare.
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Gniadek, Agnieszka, Weronika Nawara, Marlena Padykuła i Iwona Malinowska-Lipień. "Polska pielęgniarka w czasie pandemii zakażeń SARS-CoV-2 – różne perspektywy wykonywania zawodu". Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie 18, nr 2 (2020): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20842627oz.20.014.12767.
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A Polish nurse during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic – various aspects of following a nursing profession A nurse as well as a midwife belong to independent professions which inherently involve performing numerous tasks and functions in various areas and in various positions, which simultaneously requires from these professions respecting the rules of law. In health-threatening conditions, for example during a pandemic, especially when all social groups are exposed to danger and when danger arises unexpectedly, nurses become an important link in the process of providing health security to everybody who needs it. In such situations nurses are obliged to perform their professional duties as well as possible and, at the same time, they have to tackle numerous family responsibilities. No matter if they take direct care of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus or those possibly suffering from COVID-19, work as university lecturers teaching prospective nurses or hold managerial positions, they always face professional difficulties and dilemmas or even real dangers. Although the challenges which nurses face during the pandemic tend to change week by week, nurses, with time, learn to respond to them for the sake of other people’s welfare.
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Tipton, David. "Levels of Service in Independent Community Pharmacies". Health Marketing Quarterly 16, nr 2 (grudzień 1998): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j026v16n02_05.
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de Bijl, N. P. Y. M., F. J. H. M. van den Biggelaar i J. M. A. van Engelshoven. "Pre-Reading Mammograms by Specialised Breast Technologists: Legal Implications for Technologist and Radiologist in the Netherlands". European Journal of Health Law 16, nr 3 (2009): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180909x453080.
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AbstractThis paper focuses on the legal implications in terms of duties and responsibilities for radiologists and radiologic technologists of independent pre-reading of mammograms by radiologic technologists, so patients could be discharged without being seen by a radiologist. Pre-reading could be effectuated when preconditions are met to perform reserved procedures by unauthorised professionals as stated in the Individual Health Care Professions (IHCP) Act. Furthermore, compliance with a protocol or code of conduct in combination with adequate training and supervision should be sufficient to disprove potential claims. For a wide implementation, pre-reading should be well-embedded in legal rules and should answer the professional standard of care.
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Chafetz, Janet Saltzman, Jon Lorence i Christine Larosa. "Gender Depictions of the Professionally Employed: A Content Analysis of Trade Publications, 1960–1990". Sociological Perspectives 36, nr 1 (marzec 1993): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389442.
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Visual gender depictions in six trade publications are examined in decennial years from 1960 through 1990 to assess whether greater female participation in professional occupations and editorial staffs has helped reduce gender stereotyping of professional women. Greater relative numbers of women in the occupation over time and an increasing share of female editors result in more favorable portrayals of women as professional, confident, independent, and attractive. Although the positive portrayal of women by male-dominated professional journals increased over the last four decades, more male-oriented professional publications still display women less favorably than occurs in female-dominant trade journals. Separate analyses by visual type reveal that women are depicted in a less positive manner across advertisements than other visuals, probably because women have less control of ad content. Findings indicate the importance of agents who control visual depictions for the maintenance or reduction of gender stereotyping in the professions. Likely ramifications of such stereotypes for women professionals and for professional behavior in general are discussed.
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Nuritdinov, S. N. "Training of Astronomers in Central Asia and Some Comparisons". Highlights of Astronomy 11, nr 2 (1998): 912–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600019134.
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In the Soviet Union (SU) professional curricula were the same in each republic. After the dissolution of the SU the various states in the Commonwealth of Independent States gradually adopted quite different curricula. Some professions were narrowed in scope or were no longer provided for. Until recently there were, in Central Asia, three types of curricula for taining astronomers.
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Ángeles Díaz, Sofía Beatriz, i Marlene Celia Solís Pérez. "Periodismo transfronterizo: Trayectorias y procesos de identificación laboral en Tijuana, México, y San Diego, Estados Unidos". Frontera norte 31 (1.01.2019): 2–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33679/rfn.v1i1.2066.
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The purpose of this article was to analyze the work-related biography of a group of journalists working across the border between Tijuana, Mexico, and San Diego, United States. The discussion focuses on the influence of the nature of journalism on the configuration of the professional identities of ten journalists interviewed during the second half of 2015. Based on an analysis of work-related trajectories and forms of identification, we found that multiple activities and independent work are two strategies used by cross-border journalists to stay active in the field, but also as areas of rupture with the profession. This exploratory study brings new questions to the analysis of professions, and particularly journalism, in complex contexts such as the Mexico-U.S. border.
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Ślusarczyk, Wojciech. "Pozycja społeczno-zawodowa farmaceutów pracowników w Polsce (1918–1939) – teoria a praktyka". Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki, nr 2 (2021): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/0023589xkhnt.21.014.13712.
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Socio-professional Position of Pharmacy Employees in Poland (1918–1939) – Theory and Practice The article aims to depict the socio-professional position of pharmacy employees in the Second Polish Republic (1918–1939) and the factors which influenced their status. In the interwar period, reforms of the pharmacists’ education system were implemented, the office of the provincial pharmaceutical inspector was introduced, and bills were adopted to settle the particulars of the profession. Thus, the foundations were created to depart from the former semi-artisanal character of pharmaceutical practice towards an academic and independent profession. This had a positive impact on the social and professional position of pharmacy employees. In theory, they were equal to their employers and representatives of other liberal professions. However, the reforms had awakened their ambitions and expectations. The reality was different, especially during the great economic crisis (1929–1933/35). The salaries of professional pharmacy personnel, especially in the eastern provinces, were not high. Instead of sufficient remuneration, people were still offered – as in the 19th century – housing and board at a pharmacy. The burning problem was unemployment, and the employers did not respect the working time regulations. All this frustrated the employees. Their presumably high socio-professional status was not always reflected in real life.
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Flavell, Benjamin. "Legal aspects of prescribing". Journal of Paramedic Practice 13, nr 10 (2.10.2021): 404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jpar.2021.13.10.404.
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Paramedic independent prescribing is in its infancy and there are limitations to the range of medicines that can be prescribed when compared with other professions undertaking independent prescribing. Medication and prescribing errors are common events within the NHS in England, resulting in a substantial number of litigation and fitness-to-practise proceedings against other professions in relation to prescribing and medicines management. It is foreseeable that paramedic independent prescribers could also find themselves subject to legal action. This article considers a fictitious scenario where a patient suffers harm as a result of a prescribing decision and the legal implications for the prescriber.
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Flavell, Benjamin. "Legal aspects of prescribing". Journal of Paramedic Practice 13, nr 10 (2.10.2021): 404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jpar.2021.13.10.404.
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Paramedic independent prescribing is in its infancy and there are limitations to the range of medicines that can be prescribed when compared with other professions undertaking independent prescribing. Medication and prescribing errors are common events within the NHS in England, resulting in a substantial number of litigation and fitness-to-practise proceedings against other professions in relation to prescribing and medicines management. It is foreseeable that paramedic independent prescribers could also find themselves subject to legal action. This article considers a fictitious scenario where a patient suffers harm as a result of a prescribing decision and the legal implications for the prescriber.
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Robison, Wade. "Understanding Cases within Professions". Teaching Ethics 18, nr 2 (2018): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/tej201910263.
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It seems commonly assumed that presenting data is value-neutral. The data is what it is, and it is for those assessing it to make judgments of value. So a chart of earnings just tells us what a company has earned. The chart does not tell us whether the earnings are a good or bad sign. That valuation is to be made by those looking at the chart and is independent of the chart itself. This view of the relation between presentations of data and value judgments is mistaken. Presentations are value-laden in at least two ways. How we choose to represent data is itself an ethically loaded value-judgment, and, second, presentations cause responses, including value-laden judgments. We shall first look at how hard it can be to get inside a profession to be able to understand the problems those in that profession face so we can represent it properly. We shall then examine a case where a failure to understand the problem led to a mistaken moral judgment that has taken on a life of its own because of the power of how the problem is mistakenly presented.
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Christensen, Karen. "Caring about independent lives". Disability & Society 25, nr 2 (marzec 2010): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687590903537562.
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Perry, Phillip M. "Beware costly tax penalties when using independent contractors". Case Manager 14, nr 1 (styczeń 2003): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mcm.2003.5.
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Freedman, Skip. "Getting the most from an independent review organization". Case Manager 15, nr 6 (listopad 2004): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.casemgr.2004.08.011.
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Armstrong, Leah. "A new image for a new profession: Self-image and representation in the professionalization of design in Britain, 1945–1960". Journal of Consumer Culture 19, nr 1 (20.07.2017): 104–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540517708830.
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This article explores the relationship between self-image, representation and professionalization in the formative years of the design profession in Britain between 1945 and 1960 through a focused empirical study of two independent but interrelated design organizations, the Society of Industrial Artists and the Council of Industrial Design. The article examines publications, correspondence and internal memoranda to identify attempts by both institutions to manage, steer and govern the professional image of the designer. As this material reveals, both organizations held the image of the gentleman professional as an aspirational figure for emerging designers. Attending to a gap in historical and sociological readings of the professions, the article establishes the discursive function of self-image in relation to the particular value of professionalism in design, suggesting that dress, behaviour and physical appearance can be read as sources through which to historicize and theorize the shifting status of the designer in the cultural economy.
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Budde, James F., i Judy L. Bachelder. "Independent Living: The Concept, Model, and Methodology". Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 11, nr 4 (grudzień 1986): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154079698601100403.
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The emerging independent living (IL) field enables persons with severe disabilities to live independently and control their lives. The concept and model have implications for rehabilitation, education, and related human service fields. This article discusses guiding influences that led to changes in the IL concept and model and presents a state-of-the-art definition of independent living. It discusses general application of the IL concept. An IL model is presented that focuses on improving the community environment and offering assistive services to persons with severe disabilities. Finally, future IL challenges are discussed.
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Venter, Francois. "The Academia as Profession". Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 16, nr 1 (26.04.2017): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2013/v16i1a2299.
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There is an obvious conceptual link between the words "professor" and "profession". May one however assume that being a professor entails belonging to a profession, an academic profession? One may have various motives for entering into and staying in the academy, eg the advantage of progression one the basis of one's own, independent efforts, earning a good salary and following one's calling to expend the energy and abilities one receives in life sensibly. Professors are expected to be (at least) adequate teachers; they are required to have and maintain specialised knowledge of their field and to generate new knowledge by means of the production and dissemination of original research results. Insofar as professions are characterised by their members having specialised knowledge or skills, performing specialised services, are bound by ethical codes and holding an acknowledged social status often expressed in titles, there should therefore not be any doubt as to the existence of an academic profession distinct from other professions (especially those related to the field of scholarship concerned). Practising academics should work towards the active acknowledgment by all of the professionalism of the professorial institution.
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Bushlanova, Yu S. "APPLICATION OF DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEX “SCHOOL SKILLS. PRO PROFESSIONS” IN THE WORK ON PROFESSIONAL IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH SCHOOLERS". Bulletin of Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafyev 58, nr 4 (30.12.2021): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/1995-0861-2021-58-4-307.
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Statement of the problem. Often, due to the lack of knowledge about the world of professions, the divergent influence of the family, school and the media in matters of professional identification, the lack of high-quality professional information, the lack of practical experience in professional activities, high school graduates cannot accurately determine the stages of further education, that is, build an individual educational route of professional identification. To increase the efficiency of the process of professional identification of a high school graduate, assistance is required not only in choosing a profession, but also in finding resources to develop and implement an adequate educational and professional scenario, as well as in training in the independent use of these resources. Today’s digital technologies are of help. The purpose of the article is to present (reveal) the capabilities of the digital educational and methodological complex “School skills. Pro Professions” in the work on vocational guidance and professional identification of high school students in an interactive environment. The methodological basis of the study includes the works by E.A. Klimov, N.S. Pryazhnikov, S.N. Chistyakova and other Russian and foreign researchers (S. Fukuyama, J. Golland, E. Bern). Professional identification of a person is defined as a conscious process of building a personal professional plan when choosing a profession on the basis of analysis, assessment of the internal resources of the subject of choice, correlation with the requirements of the profession, as well as the readiness of the person for professional choice. Professional identification is connected with the formation of components of the psychological system of professional formation and realization of personality on the basis of knowledge/self-knowledge and assessment/self-assessment of social and professional requirements, conditions of professionalization and individual capabilities of the subject of work. Research results. The article reveals the possibilities of the digital educational and methodological complex “School skills. Pro Profession” in the work on vocational guidance and professional identification of high school students in an interactive environment. Digital Educational and Methodological Complex (DEMC) is presented as a structured set of educational tools, electronic normative and educational documentation, a set of electronic educational resources, information and communication technology tools and automated systems containing interconnected content and intended for joint use by participants for effective training in programmes for the development of soft skills, as well as studying up educational subjects, courses, disciplines on professional identification in the context of digital transformation of the educational process. Conclusions. The introduction of information technologies in such a field of development of high school students as a choice of a future profession creates conditions for strengthening the integration of educational and subject areas with extracurricular practice, additional education, strengthening the specialized training of schoolchildren on the basis of variability of programmes, taking into account their interests, inclinations, abilities and demands of the labour market, gaining practical experience for a reasonable choice of a training profile, which ensures the effectiveness of high school students building an individual route of professional identification.
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Blomquist, Helle. "Legal Education, Profession and Society Transition: Reform of Lithuanian Legal Education". Review of Central and East European Law 29, nr 1 (2004): 35–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157303504773821158.
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AbstractThe article explores a specialized perspective of democratization and nation-building in one of the states restored from the former Soviet Union. The focus is on the reform of Lithuanian legal education. It regards the interaction between the two main national law faculties, on the one hand, and society and the profession on the other. There has been a rise in law work and the number of lawyers. Both legal education and the structure of the profession have undergone changes, facilitated by ways of regulation and the allocation of resources. The profession has become an active and necessary vehicle for institutional reform and European integration. The article covers the following areas: (1) the reconstruction of the legal professions and legal education; (2) the role of legal education in a changed society; and (3) a discussion of how law faculties educate lawyers to solve legal problems in a new state. The examination is based mainly on qualitative interviews, the respondents being elite members of the legal profession, students, and citizens engaged in public debate. This is supplemented with an overview of the regulatory framework, university study programs, and a few statistical data. A few comparisons are made to other similar reforms in post-socialist Europe. The conclusion is that the new nation-state has invested considerable regulation and resources into a project of creating a new generation of lawyers, hinged on western constitutional values, taking the Lithuanian heritage back to an earlier tradition of the normative values of law. Professional forums have been created, as well as professional debate over legal education and other professional issues. However, the project does not seem to have reached its goal. Members of the legal profession voices concern about the ability of the traditionally most prestigious law faculty to bring about the required changes of its performance. On the one hand, in pointing out the weaknesses, the profession renders a practical example of having established an open professional community debating professional issues, among them legal education. They take standpoints independent of the political level. On the other hand, the examination also indicates a lacking ability to deal with some general malfunctions. The most important one is that the community habors considerable mistrust which curbs responsiveness to suggestions from other professionals, not to mention willingness to listen to criticism. This makes it extremely diffi cult to deal in practical terms with a number of issues, such as how to safeguard a level of professionalization of law work, creating standards that can be benchmarked with other international systems, getting on with the disposal of repressive law remains, and securing independent law professors with relevant and adequate academic standing in their field.
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Tipton, David. "Levels of Service in Independent Community Pharmacies: A Strategic Group Analysis". Health Marketing Quarterly 16, nr 2 (1.01.1999): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07359683.1999.12096516.
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Rosdiana, Yanti, Wahidyanti Rahayu Hastutiningtyas i Ronasari Mahaji Putri. "Motivasi Tinggi Meningkatkan Minat Mahasiswa Untuk Melanjutkan Profesi Ners". Care : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan 7, nr 1 (1.03.2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33366/jc.v7i1.1145.
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Nursing students can only be said to be professional if the student has continued professional if the student has continued professional profession education, but unfortunately there are still many students who are not willing to continue to the level. Student motivation in one way to bring out, move, desire and direct behaviour. Such behaviour will form an activity of its own to determine the relationship of motivation with the interest of students to continue profession professions at Tribhuwana University Tunggadewi Malang. This research uses analytic observation design with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all Nursing science study Program students at the Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University in Malangwho would continue the profession of nurses. The sampling technique used in this study was a total sampling of 87 respondents. The dependent variable in this study in the independent interest and variable, namely motivation. Data were collected using a modified questionnaire, namely interest with IIQ (The Individual Interest Questionnaire) and motivation with Motivation Quuestionnaire Aspira. Data were performed using SPSS. Spearman-rank test results obtained p value = (0,000) < (0,050) with a positive value of r (correlation coefficient) 0,391 wich means that there is a significant relationship of motivation with interest. Thus the higher the motivation will increase the interest of studets to continue professional education nurse, so it is hoped that there needs to be an early introduction to the Ners professional education program to increase motivation with the interest of nursing students of continue professional ners education
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Fisher, Karen, i Li Jing. "Chinese disability independent living policy". Disability & Society 23, nr 2 (marzec 2008): 171–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687590701841216.
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Bloem, Martie. "Public interest versus the interest of the fit and proper legal practitioner". Stellenbosch Law Review 34, nr 2 (2023): 333–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/slr/2023/i2a5.
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The question raised in this contribution is whether it can be said that the South African legal profession is primarily focused on serving the public or rather on serving its own interest. The assumption is that legal practice should provide an unbiased service aimed at the public good, independent of any concern for personal gain, traditionally recognised as one of the main distinguishing features of professional practice. It is further assumed that service in the interest of the public is one of the underlying values which determines legal culture and therefore also what it means to be a fit and proper legal practitioner. In an attempt to redefine “public interest” as one of the principles that should inform the fit and proper standard, the development of the professions is briefly analysed before considering the meaning of the public interest for the legal profession. This consideration is important due to the legal profession’s positioning and resultant responsibilities in society. As perceived guardians of the public interest and justice, informed by the values of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, the profession is ideally positioned to be the cause of change but must be reminded that it has as much potential to cause harm as it has to do good. The proposal is that genuine and honest legal service in the public interest is a value that should inform legal culture and what it means to be or to become fit and proper. However, realising this potential will entail honest introspection by legal practitioners on their role and responsibilities in the practice of law and how they contribute to the current vision of the law.
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Moorhead, Joel F. "Six ways to get better valua from independent medical examinations". Case Manager 10, nr 1 (styczeń 1999): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1061-9259(99)80197-0.
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Sazonova, A. "Certain aspects of improving the participation in tax legal relations of an individual who conducts independent professional activity based on the analysis of the EU experience". Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 1, nr 75 (22.03.2023): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.75.1.45.
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The article is devoted to researching the content of the concept of "independent professional activity" in the context of tax legal relations.
The work carried out a comprehensive scientific study on the issues of determining the specifics of the tax-legal status of natural persons engaged in independent professional activity, the specifics of the specified category of persons fulfilling their constitutional obligation to pay taxes and fees, the mechanisms of participation of such persons in ensuring the taxation of other subjects , as well as in the development of recommendations for the improvement of regulatory and legal regulation of the tax-legal status of individuals engaged in independent professional activity, in particular, through the introduction of a special tax regime.
Tax legal relations are always secondary, because they are generated, for example, by civil or labor legal relations. Such relations also include legal relations arising in the course of independent professional activity. The regulation of liberal professions in foreign countries, where this social institution has developed, differs in diversity related to national characteristics, while the regulation is based on fairly similar principles.
Despite the lively scientific interest in the taxation of individuals, including the self-employed, the actual issue of the tax-legal status of individuals engaged in independent professional activity remains insufficiently researched. In particular, the existing studies either touch on certain aspects of the taxation of natural persons, or are conducted on the basis of legislative acts that have lost their validity as of today.
All this led to the need to generalize the previously obtained developments and build on their basis the theoretical basis for determining the tax-legal status of individuals engaged in independent professional activity.
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Allan, Helen, Verena Tschudin i Khim Horton. "The Devaluation of Nursing: a Position Statement". Nursing Ethics 15, nr 4 (lipiec 2008): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733008090526.
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How nursing as a profession is valued may be changing and needs to be explored and understood in a global context. We draw on data from two empirical studies to illustrate our argument. The first study explored the value of nursing globally, the second investigated the experiences of overseas trained nurses recruited to work in a migrant capacity in the UK health care workforce. The indications are that nurses perceive themselves as devalued socially, and that other health care professionals do not give nursing the same status as other, socially more prestigious professions, such as medicine. Organizational and management structures within the NHS and the independent care home sector devalue overseas nurses and the contribution they make to health care. Our conclusions lead us to question the accepted sociocultural value of the global nursing workforce and its perceived contribution to global health care, and to consider two ethical frameworks from which these issues could be discussed further.
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Harmoko, Harmoko, i Winda Apriani. "Pengaruh Karakter Kewirausahaan Terhadap Inovasi Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Pada Anggota Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) di Kecamatan Pemangkat". Eqien - Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 12, nr 04 (6.12.2023): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.34308/eqien.v12i04.1589.
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The business of fishery processing becomes an economic booster in Pemangkat coastal area. It was due in part to individual characteristics integrated with the business group, which is certainly having an entrepreneurial spirit. Thus, the entrepreneurship characteristics in joint ventures need attention. The present research aims to determine the effect of innovation entrepreneurship characteristics on joint venture members in Pemangkat districts. The research was obtained on 6 business groups, consisting of 9 respondents per group using a random method. Thus, the total samples were 54 respondents. The research used linear regression analysis. The dependent variable was the fishery processing innovation, whereas the independent variables were motivation, the confidence in being successful, and the attitude toward professions. Results showed that the entrepreneurship characteristics affected motivation and professional attitude in fishery processing. The implication of the result was the fishery processing community had encouragement to be confident in their profession given in training, guidance, or workshop.
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Rudrud, Eric H., i Tom M. Vaudt. "Prerequisite Skills for Semi-Independent Living Services (SILS) Placement". Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 11, nr 3 (wrzesień 1986): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154079698601100305.
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The goal of residential services should be placement in the least restrictive setting. Individuals and programs who make placement decisions should therefore understand what skills are needed to move from a more restrictive residential setting (ICF-MR) to a less restrictive semi-independent living services (SILS) program. A survey instrument, Independent Living Evaluation and Training Program, was sent to 128 directors of SILS, directors of Class A ICF-MR group homes, and directors of combined programs (SILS/ICF-MR). Directors were asked to identify what they believed to be prerequisite skills for placement into SILS programs. Seventy surveys were returned, representing a 56% response rate. Large differences were found among and between directors of the ICF-MR group homes, SILS providers, and those directors offering both programs. ICF-MR program directors identified more skills and rated skills as being more important than did SILS directors.
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HELGØY, INGRID, BODIL RAVNEBERG i PER SOLVANG. "Service Provision for an Independent Life". Disability & Society 18, nr 4 (czerwiec 2003): 471–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0968759032000081011.
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Guinn, Bobby, i Vern Vincent. "Select Physical Activity Determinants in Independent-Living Elderly". Activities, Adaptation & Aging 26, nr 4 (czerwiec 2002): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j016v26n04_02.
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Smith, Phil. "Self-Determination and Independent Support Brokerage: Creating Innovative Second-Level Supports". Mental Retardation 41, nr 4 (sierpień 2003): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/0047-6765(2003)41<294:saisbc>2.0.co;2.
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Hughes, Mildred W., John W. Schuster i C. Michael Nelson. "The acquisition of independent dressing skills by students with multiple disabilities". Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 5, nr 3 (wrzesień 1993): 233–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01047066.
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