Rozprawy doktorskie: „Independent Order of Vikings”

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Isheden, Daniel. "Fourier Opacity Mapped Order-Independent Transparency in real-time graphics". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-166567.

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Rendering transparent geometry is problematic in real-time graphics as the most function for blending transparent geometry together requires perfect sorting of all geometry. This can be extremely problematic, especially for intersecting geometry where it might be impossible to correctly sort it. Therefore, a number of new algorithms that attempt to approximate or reproduce the result of sorted blending in an order-independent manner has been developed lately. Fourier Opacity Mapped Order-Independent Transparency (FOMOIT) is a new algorithm which constructs an approximated visibility function for each pixel and stores it using Fourier series. It then uses these functions to calculate a weighted sum of colors for each pixel. Neither the visibility function nor the weighted sum requires the geometry to be sorted. FOMOIT has better quality compared to Weighted Blended Order-Independent Transparency (WBOIT). Compared to Adaptive Order-Independent Transparency (AOIT), Fourier Opacity Mapped Order-Independent Transparency has a number of advantages. FOMOIT uses hardware functions that are more widely available, and can easily be tweaked to have better performance and memory usage at minimal quality loss. It can therefore be especially useful on older and/or weaker computers. FOMOIT suffers from a few limitations and artifacts in certain cases. The first problem lies in the dependence on a tight depth range of the scene. This makes FOMOIT unfit for certain types of real-time graphics that require a wide depth range. The second problem is self-occlusion of geometry, which can cause incorrect weights to be calculated, resulting in color bleeding. We propose a workaround for this problem, but further research is encouraged in this area. Our conclusion is that FOMOIT can, as long as the limitations of the algorithm are respected, produce higher quality results than AOIT while providing better hardware compatibility, performance and memory usage, and even in cases where AOIT provides better visual quality, FOMOIT can be used as a lower quality fallback for older and weaker computers.

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Sambale, Holger [Verfasser]. "Second order concentration for functions of independent random variables / Holger Sambale". Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1084888173/34.

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Hiyama, Susumu. "Studies in Old English element order with special reference to The Vercelli Homilies". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248193.

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Maule, Marilena. "Multi-fragment visibility determination in the context of order-independent transparency rendering". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/114573.

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No contexto de imagens geradas por computador, efeitos multi-fragmento são aqueles que determinam a cor do pixel baseados em informações computadas a partir de mais de um fragmento. Nesse tipo de efeito, a contribuição de cada fragmento é extraída de sua visibilidade com respeito a um determinado ponto de vista. Observando uma sequencia de fragmentos vista através de um pixel, a visibilidade de um fragmento depende da sua relação espacial com os demais fragmentos. Essa relação pode ser reduzida ao problema de ordenação de múltiplos fragmentos. Portanto, ordenação é essencial para correta avaliação de efeitos multi-fragmento. A pesquisa desta tese foca em dois problemas multi-fragmento clássicos: transparência independente de ordem e anti-aliasing de fragmentos transparentes. Enquanto o efeito de transparência necessita de ordenação de fragmentos ao longo do raio de visualização do pixel, anti-aliasing aumenta a complexidade do problema ao adicionar informação espacial do fragmento com respeito à área do pixel. A contribuição desta tese é o desenvolvimento de uma solução para visibilidade de fragmentos que pode tirar proveito do pipeline de transformação e iluminação, implementando nas GPUs de hoje. Nós descrevemos ambos os problemas de transparência e anti-aliasing, discutindo soluções anteriores, além de classificá-las e compará-las. Nossa análise associa soluções a implementações específicas, comparando uso de memória, desempenho e qualidade de imagem. Os documentos resultantes fornecem uma visão geral das áreas abordadas, contendo: qual é o estado-da-arte atualmente, o que ele é capaz de fazer e quais são suas limitações, ou seja, onde melhorias são possíveis. Como parte integrante desta tese, nós propomos duas novas técnicas para processar transparência independente de ordem. Nós mostramos como obter o menor consumo de memória para cálculo exato de transparência, em um número finito de passos de geometria; permitindo aumento da complexidade das cenas representadas e da resolução da imagem final, em relação aos métodos anteriores, dada uma determinada configuração de hardware. Adicionalmente, demonstramos que, para a maior parte dos casos, os fragmentos mais próximos ao observador tem maior impacto sobre a cor final do pixel. Também mostramos como esta perspectiva sobre o problema inspirou novas técnicas. A pesquisa também inclui a investigação de uma nova abordagem para anti-aliasing para fragmentos transparentes. Através do uso de uma única amostra por fragmento, nosso objetivo é reduzir o consumo de memória enquanto melhoramos desempenho e qualidade. Experimentos preliminares apresentam resultados promissores em comparação com a técnica mais usada para anti-aliasing.
Multi-fragment effects, in the computer-generated imagery context, are effects that determine pixel color based on information computed from more than one fragment. In such effects, the contribution of each fragment is extracted from its visibility with respect to a point of view. Seen through a pixel’s point of view, the visibility of one fragment depends on its spatial relationship with other fragments. This relationship can be reduced to the problem of sorting multiple fragments. Therefore, sorting is the key to multi-fragment evaluation. The research on this dissertation is focused on two classical multi-fragment effects: order-independent transparency and anti-aliasing of transparent fragments. While transparency rendering requires sorting of fragments along the view ray of a pixel, anti-aliasing increases the problem complexity by adding spatial information of fragments with respect to the pixel area. This dissertation contribution relies on the work towards the development of a solution for the visibility of fragments that can take advantage of the transformation and lighting pipeline implemented in current GPUs. We describe both transparency and aliasing problems, for which we discuss existing solutions, analyzing, classifying and comparing them. The analysis associates solutions to specific applications, comparing memory usage, performance, and quality. The result is a general view of each field: which are the current state-of-the-art capabilities and in which direction significant improvements can be made. As part of this dissertation, we proposed two novel techniques for order-independent transparency rendering. We show how to achieve the minimum memory footprint for computing exact transparency in a bounded number of geometry passes; allowing increasing scene complexity and image resolution to be feasible within current hardware capabilities. Additionally, we demonstrate that, for most scenarios, the front-most fragments have the greatest impact on the pixel color. We also show how the perspective we propose has inspired recent transparency techniques. The research includes the investigation of a novel anti-aliasing approach for transparent fragments. Through the use of a single sample per fragment, we aim at reducing memory footprint while improving performance and quality. Preliminary experiments show promising results, in comparison with a well established and largely used anti-aliasing technique.

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Kim, Taejong. "Mesh independent convergence of modified inexact Newton methods for second order nonlinear problems". Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3870.

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In this dissertation, we consider modified inexact Newton methods applied to second order nonlinear problems. In the implementation of Newton's method applied to problems with a large number of degrees of freedom, it is often necessary to solve the linear Jacobian system iteratively. Although a general theory for the convergence of modified inexact Newton's methods has been developed, its application to nonlinear problems from nonlinear PDE's is far from complete. The case where the nonlinear operator is a zeroth order perturbation of a fixed linear operator was considered in the paper written by Brown et al.. The goal of this dissertation is to show that one can develop modified inexact Newton's methods which converge at a rate independent of the number of unknowns for problems with higher order nonlinearities. To do this, we are required to first, set up the problem on a scale of Hilbert spaces, and second, to devise a special iterative technique which converges in a higher order Sobolev norm, i.e., H1+alpha(omega) \ H1 0(omega) with 0 < alpha < 1/2. We show that the linear system solved in Newton's method can be replaced with one iterative step provided that the initial iterate is close enough. The closeness criteria can be taken independent of the mesh size. In addition, we have the same convergence rates of the method in the norm of H1 0(omega) using the discrete Sobolev inequalities.

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Raghupathy, Arun Prakash. "Boundary-Condition-Independent Reduced-Order Modeling for Thermal Analysis of Complex Electronics Packages". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1240536463.

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Ramasamy, Lakshminarayanan. "First Order Mobility Independent ASIC for a Point-of-Care In-Vitro Diagnostic Device". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1326296847.

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Dlugosz, Stephan. "Multi-layer perceptron networks for ordinal data analysis : order independent online learning by sequential estimation /". Berlin : Logos, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990567311/04.

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Gascon-Pelegri, Vicente Zarzoso. "Closed-form higher-order estimators for blind separation of independent source signals in instantaneous linear mixtures". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343754.

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Johansson, Joakim. "Modifying a Protein-Protein Interaction Identifier with a Topology and Sequence-Order Independent Structural Comparison Method". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Bioinformatik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-147777.

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Using computational methods to identify protein-protein interactions (PPIs) supports experimental techniques by using less time and less resources. Identifying PPIs can be made through a template-based approach that describes how unstudied proteins interact by aligning a common structural template that exists in both interacting proteins. A pipeline that uses this is InterPred, that combines homology modelling and massive template comparison to construct coarse interaction models. These models are reviewed by a machine learning classifier that classifies models that shows traits of being true, which can be further refined with a docking technique. However, InterPred is dependent on using complex structural information, that might not be available from unstudied proteins, while it is suggested that PPIs are dependent of the shape and interface of proteins. A method that aligns structures based on the interface attributes is InterComp, which uses topological and sequence-order independent structural comparison. Implementing this method into InterPred will lead to restricting structural information to the interface of proteins, which could lead to discovery of undetected PPI models. The result showed that the modified pipeline was not comparable based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) performance. However, the modified pipeline could identify new potential PPIs that were undetected by InterPred.

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Rzeszut, Maciej Janusz. "Higher order independent sums in product L¹ and H¹ spaces". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1543418880106287.

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Lee, Coral Em. "Order effects of variability-contingent and variability-independent point delivery: Effects on operant variability and target sequence acquisition". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4502/.

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Previous research has shown that variability is a reinforceable dimension of operant behavior. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that learning is facilitated when variability in responding is high. In this research, variability was observed within an operant composed of any sequence of six left and right key presses. Variability was either a requirement for point delivery (VAR conditions) or points were delivered independent of variability (ANY conditions). Two groups of college undergraduates experienced different orders of conditions. One group began the experiment under VAR conditions, and the variability requirement was later removed. The other group began the experiment under ANY conditions, and the variability requirement was later added. A concurrently reinforced target sequence (i.e., an always-reinforced sequence of left and right key presses) was introduced to both groups after these orders of conditions had been experienced. A variety of outcomes resulted. Subjects learned the target sequence when variability was both high and low with non-target points concurrently available. Other subjects learned the target sequence after all non-target point deliveries had been suspended. One subject failed to acquire the target sequence at all. These results were compared to previous findings and possible explanations for the discrepancies were suggested.

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Wong, Chi-kong, i 黃志剛. "A structured learning activity: using web browsing & publishing for the development of independent learning, ITcompetence & higher-order thinking". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31960510.

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Abou, Elseoud A. (Ahmed). "Exploring functional brain networks using independent component analysis:functional brain networks connectivity". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2013. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526201597.

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Abstract Functional communication between brain regions is likely to play a key role in complex cognitive processes that require continuous integration of information across different regions of the brain. This makes the studying of functional connectivity in the human brain of high importance. It also provides new insights into the hierarchical organization of the human brain regions. Resting-state networks (RSNs) can be reliably and reproducibly detected using independent component analysis (ICA) at both individual subject and group levels. A growing number of ICA studies have reported altered functional connectivity in clinical populations. In the current work, it was hypothesized that ICA model order selection influences characteristics of RSNs as well as their functional connectivity. In addition, it was suggested that high ICA model order could be a useful tool to provide more detailed functional connectivity results. RSNs’ characteristics, i.e. spatial features, volume and repeatability of RSNs, were evaluated, and also differences in functional connectivity were investigated across different ICA model orders. ICA model order estimation had a significant impact on the spatial characteristics of the RSNs as well as their parcellation into sub-networks. Notably, at low model orders neuroanatomically and functionally different units tend to aggregate into large singular RSN components, while at higher model orders these units become separate RSN components. Disease-related differences in functional connectivity also seem to alter as a function of ICA model order. The volume of between-group differences reached maximum at high model orders. These findings demonstrate that fine-grained RSNs can provide detailed, disease-specific functional connectivity alterations. Finally, in order to overcome the multiple comparisons problem encountered at high ICA model orders, a new framework for group-ICA analysis was introduced. The framework involved concatenation of IC maps prior to permutation tests, which enables statistical inferences from all selected RSNs. In SAD patients, this new correction enabled the detection of significantly increased functional connectivity in eleven RSNs
Tiivistelmä Toiminnallisten aivoalueiden välinen viestintä on todennäköisesti avainasemassa kognitiivisissa prosesseissa, jotka edellyttävät jatkuvaa tiedon integraatiota aivojen eri alueiden välillä. Tämä tekee ihmisaivojen toiminnallisen kytkennällisyyden tutkimuksesta erittäin tärkeätä. Kytkennälllisyyden tutkiminen antaa myös uutta tietoa ihmisaivojen osa-alueiden välisestä hierarkiasta. Aivojen hermoverkot voidaan luotettavasti ja toistettavasti havaita lepotilan toiminnasta yksilö- ja ryhmätasolla käyttämällä itsenäisten komponenttien analyysia (engl. Independent component analysis, ICA). Yhä useammat ICA-tutkimukset ovat raportoineet poikkeuksellisia toiminnallisen konnektiviteetin muutoksia kliinisissä populaatioissa. Tässä tutkimuksessa hypotetisoitiin, että ICA:lla laskettaujen komponenttien lukumäärä (l. asteluku) vaikuttaa tuloksena saatujen hermoverkkojen ominaisuuksiin kuten tilavuuteen ja kytkennällisyyteen. Lisäksi oletettiin, että korkea ICA-asteluku voisi olla herkempit tuottamaan yksityiskohtaisia toiminnallisen jaottelun tuloksia. Aivojen lepotilan hermoverkkojen ominaisuudet, kuten anatominen jakautuminen, volyymi ja lepohermoverkkojen havainnoinnin toistettavuus evaluoitin. Myös toiminnallisen kytkennällisyyden erot tutkitaan eri ICA-asteluvuilla. Havaittiin että asteluvulla on huomattava vaikutus aivojen lepotilan hermoverkkojen tilaominaisuuksiin sekä niiden jakautumiseen alaverkoiksi. Pienillä asteluvuilla hermoverkojen neuroanatomisesti erilliset yksiköt pyrkivät keräytymään laajoiksi yksittäisiksi komponenteiksi, kun taas korkeammilla asteluvuilla ne havaitaan erillisinä. Sairauksien aiheuttamat muutokset toiminnallisessa kytkennällisyydessä näyttävät muuttuvan myös ICA asteluvun mukaan saavuttaen maksiminsa korkeilla asteluvuilla. Korkeilla asteluvuilla voidaan havaita yksityiskohtaisia, sairaudelle ominaisia toiminnallisen konnektiviteetin muutoksia. Korkeisiin ICA asteluvun liittyvän tilastollisen monivertailuongelman ratkaisemiseksi kehitimme uuden menetelmän, jossa permutaatiotestejä edeltävien itsenäisten IC-karttoja yhdistämällä voidaan tehdä luotettava tilastollinen arvio yhtä aikaa lukuisista hermoverkoista. Kaamosmasennuspotilailla esimerkiksi kehittämämme korjaus paljastaa merkittävästi lisääntynyttä toiminnallista kytkennällisyyttä yhdessätoista hermoverkossa

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Wong, Chi-kong. "A structured learning activity : using web browsing & publishing for the development of independent learning, IT competence & higher-order thinking /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20058007.

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Tait, Daniel Beale. "Electromagnetic Vector-Sensor Direction-of-Arrival Estimation in the Presence of Interference". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99961.

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This research investigates signal processing involving a single electromagnetic vector-sensor, with an emphasis on the problem regarding signal-selective narrowband direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in the presence of interference. The approach in this thesis relies on a high-resolution ESPRIT-based algorithm. Unlike spatially displaced arrays, the sensor cannot estimate the DOA of sources using phase differences between the array elements, as the elements are spatially co-located. However, the sensor measures the full electromagnetic field vectors, so the DOA can be estimated through the Poynting vector. Limited information is available in the open literature regarding signal-selective DOA estimation for a single electromagnetic vector-sensor. In this thesis, it is shown how the Uni-Vector-Sensor-ESPRIT (UVS-ESPRIT) algorithm that relies on a time-series invariance and was originally devised for deterministic harmonic sources can be applied to non-deterministic sources. Additionally, two algorithms, one based on cyclostationarity and the other based on fourth-order cumulants, are formulated based on the UVS-ESPRIT algorithm and are capable of selectively estimating the source DOA in the presence of interference based on the statistical properties of the sources. The cyclostationarity-based UVS-ESPRIT algorithm is capable of selectively estimating the signal-of-interest DOA when the sources have the same carrier frequency, and thus overlap in frequency. The cumulant-based UVS-ESPRIT algorithm devised for this sensor relies on the independent component analysis algorithm JADE and is capable of selectively estimating the signal-of-interest DOA through the fourth-order cumulants only, is robust to spatially colored noise, and is capable of estimating the DOA of more sources than sensor elements.
Master of Science
Electromagnetic vector-sensors are specialized sensors capable of capturing the full electromagnetic field vectors at a single point in space. Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is the problem of estimating the spatial-angular parameters of one or more wavefronts impinging on an array. For a single electromagnetic vector-sensor, the array elements are not spatially displaced, but it is still possible to estimate the direction-of-arrival through the Poynting vector, which relates the electric and magnetic field vectors to the direction of propagation of an electromagnetic wave. Although direction-of-arrival estimation is a well-established area of research, there is limited discussion in the open literature regarding signal-selective DOA estimation in the presence of interference for a single electromagnetic vector-sensor. This research investigates this problem and discusses how the high-resolution Uni-Vector-Sensor-ESPRIT (UVS-ESPRIT) algorithm may be applied to non-deterministic sources. ESPRIT based algorithms capable of selectively estimating the source DOA are formulated based on the cyclostationarity and higher-order statistics of the sources, which are approaches known to be robust to interference. The approach based on higher-order statistics is also robust to spatially colored noise and is capable of estimating the DOA of more sources than sensor elements. The formulation of the UVS-ESPRIT for higher-order statistics relies on the application of the independent component analysis algorithm JADE, an unsupervised learning technique. Overall, this research investigates signal-selective direction-of-arrival estimation using an ESPRIT-based algorithm for a single electromagnetic vector-sensor.

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King, Dawn Leona. "How non-disabled children respond to a sibling with disability? the challenges they may or may not haved faced : a project based upon an independent investigation /". Click here for text online. Smith College School for Social Work website, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/988.

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Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2007
Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Social Work. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 42-46).

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Edestav, Andreas, i Johanna Linder. "Information Sharing in Independent Dyadic Business Relstionships : A Case Study of Four Focal Companies in the Clothes Manufacturing Industry of Imbaba and Warrak, Great Cairo, Egypt". Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Industrial Engineering and Management, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9106.

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Purpose - The purpose of the thesis is to record the content of the information shared by buyer to supplier in independent dyadic business relationships in the clothes manufacturing industry of Imbaba and Warrak, Great Cairo, Egypt. The objective is as well to describe how this sharing is managed in terms of communication frequency, order cycle time and information technology used.

Methodology – A case study was performed on four companies in the clothes manufacturing industry of Imbaba and Warrak, Egypt. The empirical data was collected through six semi-structured interviews. The results were thereafter analyzed through a summarized framework.

Findings - The content of shared information is mainly of traditional character, nevertheless do 50 % of the relationships as well include elements of additional soft information. When the information sharing is performed through regular communication do the frequency vary with an average of 0.43, once every 2.3 days. The order cycle times vary from delivery the same day as order placement to three days after order placement, with an average of 0.5 days. The information is shared through two different information technologies: face-to-face and telephone.

Research implications – Imbaba and Warrak are considered one of the poorest districts in the Great Cairo region. The region has although seen great development the last 12-15 years and is today a main district for the industry of clothes manufacturing in Cairo. The role of information sharing yet appears to be poorly examined.

Originality/value - Making the situation evident to the case companies will impact on their possibilities to make further improvements within the area of information sharing.

Key words Information sharing, dependence, independence, dyad, content, frequency, order cycle time, information technologies.

Paper type Bachelor Thesis

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Strandstedt, Jonas. "Multi-Volume Rendering in OpenSpace Using A-Buffers for Space Weather Visualizations". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-137673.

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The work described in this thesis is part of the initial development of the open-source visualization software OpenSpace, a collaborative project between Linköping University (LiU), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH). The report covers the background and implementation of a rendering system that enables OpenSpace to interactively visualize multiple overlapping space weather events. The system works much like a Deferred Renderer by rendering all objects once and then resolves the final image in a second rendering step. To render a mix of opaque and translucent objects and volumes simultaneously, order-independent transparency solutions are implemented. Performance is compared against traditional methods and possible improvements are discussed. The implemented rendering system is currently powering the OpenSpace visualizations, this gives scientists an interactive tool for studying multiple space weather events, education and public outreach.

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Miksa, Martin. "Matematické a statistické metody pro podporu vývoje softwarových aplikací". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444561.

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The master's thesis focuses on supporting the development of applications using mathematical and statistical methods. This is used in the thesis to effective management of inventory for the store and e-shop. For this purpose, an application in VBA programming language has been developed to help the company to keep track of the inventory and find the optimum insurance stock level for ordering new goods.

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Moreto, Fernando Alves de Lima. "Análise de componentes independentes aplicada à separação de sinais de áudio". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-30052008-133011/.

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Este trabalho estuda o modelo de análise em componentes independentes (ICA) para misturas instantâneas, aplicado na separação de sinais de áudio. Três algoritmos de separação de misturas instantâneas são avaliados: FastICA, PP (Projection Pursuit) e PearsonICA; possuindo dois princípios básicos em comum: as fontes devem ser independentes estatisticamente e não-Gaussianas. Para analisar a capacidade de separação dos algoritmos foram realizados dois grupos de experimentos. No primeiro grupo foram geradas misturas instantâneas, sinteticamente, a partir de sinais de áudio pré-definidos. Além disso, foram geradas misturas instantâneas a partir de sinais com características específicas, também geradas sinteticamente, para avaliar o comportamento dos algoritmos em situações específicas. Para o segundo grupo foram geradas misturas convolutivas no laboratório de acústica do LPS. Foi proposto o algoritmo PP, baseado no método de Busca de Projeções comumente usado em sistemas de exploração e classificação, para separação de múltiplas fontes como alternativa ao modelo ICA. Embora o método PP proposto possa ser utilizado para separação de fontes, ele não pode ser considerado um método ICA e não é garantida a extração das fontes. Finalmente, os experimentos validam os algoritmos estudados.
This work studies Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for instantaneous mixtures, applied to audio signal (source) separation. Three instantaneous mixture separation algorithms are considered: FastICA, PP (Projection Pursuit) and PearsonICA, presenting two common basic principles: sources must be statistically independent and non-Gaussian. In order to analyze each algorithm separation capability, two groups of experiments were carried out. In the first group, instantaneous mixtures were generated synthetically from predefined audio signals. Moreover, instantaneous mixtures were generated from specific signal generated with special features, synthetically, enabling the behavior analysis of the algorithms. In the second group, convolutive mixtures were probed in the acoustics laboratory of LPS at EPUSP. The PP algorithm is proposed, based on the Projection Pursuit technique usually applied in exploratory and clustering environments, for separation of multiple sources as an alternative to conventional ICA. Although the PP algorithm proposed could be applied to separate sources, it couldnt be considered an ICA method, and source extraction is not guaranteed. Finally, experiments validate the studied algorithms.

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Paditz, Ludwig. "Über mittlere Abweichungen". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-112977.

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In diesem Artikel werden notwendige und hinreichende Bedingungen für die Gültigkeit von Grenzwertsätzen für mittlere Abweichungen untersucht. In der Terminilogie von J.V.LINNIK (1971) werden die x-Bereiche für mittlere Abweichungen gewöhnlich als "sehr enge" Zonen der integralen normalen Anziehung bezeichnet. Darüber hinaus werden die Restglieder untersucht, die in den asymptotischen Beziehungen auftreten. Die Ordnung der Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit wird angegeben. Frühere Ergebnisse einiger Autoren werden verallgemeinert. Abschließend werden einige Literaturhinweise angegeben
In this paper we study necessary and sufficient conditions for the validity of limit theorems on moderate deviations. Usually x-zones for moderate deviations are called in the terminilogy by YU.V.LINNIK (1971) "very narrow" zones of integral normal attraction. Moreover we analyse the remainder term appearing in the asymptotic relations. Informations on the order of the rate of convergence are given. Earlier results by several authors are generalized. Finally some references are given

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Maurandi, Victor. "Algorithmes pour la diagonalisation conjointe de tenseurs sans contrainte unitaire. Application à la séparation MIMO de sources de télécommunications numériques". Thesis, Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL0009/document.

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Cette thèse développe des méthodes de diagonalisation conjointe de matrices et de tenseurs d’ordre trois, et son application à la séparation MIMO de sources de télécommunications numériques. Après un état, les motivations et objectifs de la thèse sont présentés. Les problèmes de la diagonalisation conjointe et de la séparation de sources sont définis et un lien entre ces deux domaines est établi. Par la suite, plusieurs algorithmes itératifs de type Jacobi reposant sur une paramétrisation LU sont développés. Pour chacun des algorithmes, on propose de déterminer les matrices permettant de diagonaliser l’ensemble considéré par l’optimisation d’un critère inverse. On envisage la minimisation du critère selon deux approches : la première, de manière directe, et la seconde, en supposant que les éléments de l’ensemble considéré sont quasiment diagonaux. En ce qui concerne l’estimation des différents paramètres du problème, deux stratégies sont mises en œuvre : l’une consistant à estimer tous les paramètres indépendamment et l’autre reposant sur l’estimation indépendante de couples de paramètres spécifiquement choisis. Ainsi, nous proposons trois algorithmes pour la diagonalisation conjointe de matrices complexes symétriques ou hermitiennes et deux algorithmes pour la diagonalisation conjointe d’ensembles de tenseurs symétriques ou non-symétriques ou admettant une décomposition INDSCAL. Nous montrons aussi le lien existant entre la diagonalisation conjointe de tenseurs d’ordre trois et la décomposition canonique polyadique d’un tenseur d’ordre quatre, puis nous comparons les algorithmes développés à différentes méthodes de la littérature. Le bon comportement des algorithmes proposés est illustré au moyen de simulations numériques. Puis, ils sont validés dans le cadre de la séparation de sources de télécommunications numériques
This thesis develops joint diagonalization of matrices and third-order tensors methods for MIMO source separation in the field of digital telecommunications. After a state of the art, the motivations and the objectives are presented. Then the joint diagonalisation and the blind source separation issues are defined and a link between both fields is established. Thereafter, five Jacobi-like iterative algorithms based on an LU parameterization are developed. For each of them, we propose to derive the diagonalization matrix by optimizing an inverse criterion. Two ways are investigated : minimizing the criterion in a direct way or assuming that the elements from the considered set are almost diagonal. Regarding the parameters derivation, two strategies are implemented : one consists in estimating each parameter independently, the other consists in the independent derivation of couple of well-chosen parameters. Hence, we propose three algorithms for the joint diagonalization of symmetric complex matrices or hermitian ones. The first one relies on searching for the roots of the criterion derivative, the second one relies on a minor eigenvector research and the last one relies on a gradient descent method enhanced by computation of the optimal adaptation step. In the framework of joint diagonalization of symmetric, INDSCAL or non symmetric third-order tensors, we have developed two algorithms. For each of them, the parameters derivation is done by computing the roots of the considered criterion derivative. We also show the link between the joint diagonalization of a third-order tensor set and the canonical polyadic decomposition of a fourth-order tensor. We confront both methods through numerical simulations. The good behavior of the proposed algorithms is illustrated by means of computing simulations. Finally, they are applied to the source separation of digital telecommunication signals

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El, Ghawi Chadi. "Epistémologie du processus de marché : l'entrepreneur politique réfuté". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2007.

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Dans le contexte du programme de recherche scientifique autrichien en économie, le processus de marché doit être appréhendé par le prisme du concept d'entrepreneur. La fonction créative d'entrepreneur se présente comme un processus individuel largement épistémique, lequel s'élucide en une action à effet catallactique. Elle contribue à l'émergence spontanée de l`ordre, concrétisant ainsi l'évolutionnisme individuel et institutionnel. Or son apparition dépend de déterminants institutionnels particuliers. Par conséquent, le processus de marché, qui émerge des actions catallactiques, requiert un fondement institutionnel spécifique comme une condition sine qua non. En outre, notre analyse s'étend au processus politique à travers le prisme de l'action politique, afin d'examiner l'adéquation de cette action à la nature catallactique. Cette analyse permet aussi de décrypter les institutions qui régissent l'ordre politique confectionné. Cependant, cette investigation relève au cours du processus politique, la déficience du fondement institutionnel indispensable à l'émergence de la fonction d'entrepreneur dans l'action politique. Cela constitue une barrière infranchissable pour l'analogie catallactique dans la pratique politique, et contribue à expliquer la défaillance de la conjecture de marché politique, en raison de l'impossibilité de l'émergence d'un échange politique légitime. Du point de vue de l'éthique, l'action politique s'avère nocive à l'ensemble des droits individuels, voire aux droits de propriété privée. Elle diverge de celle entrepreneuriale car elle dénie la coordination. Par conséquent, cette réalité nous amène à réfuter la conjecture d'entrepreneur politique
In the context of the Austrian scientific research program in economics, our study deals with the market process through the prism of Entrepreneur`s concept. The creative entrepreneurial function emerges as an epistemic individual process, which contributes to a catallactic action. It strengthens the emergence of the spontaneous order, thus shaping individual and institutional evolutionism. The emergence of such action mainly depends on institutional determinants. Therefore, the market process, emerging from catallactic actions, requires a specific institutional foundation. Thereby, our analysis concerns the political process; this, through the prism of the political action, to match the adequacy of this action to the catallactic one. This analysis also decrypts the institutions which determine the political order. However, this introspection identifies the deficiency of the institutional foundation required for the emergence of the entrepreneurial function through the political action. This barrier of the catallactic analogy in the political practice contributes to the refutation of the political market conjecture. The main reason of this failure is the impossibility of a legitimate political exchange emergence. From the objective ethics perspective, the political action harms the individual rights in general and the private property rights in particular. By denying the coordination, this political action shows a divergent nature from the entrepreneurial one. Therefore, this reality leads to refute the political entrepreneur conjecture

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El, Ghawi Chadi. "Epistémologie du processus de marché : l'entrepreneur politique réfuté". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2007.

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Dans le contexte du programme de recherche scientifique autrichien en économie, le processus de marché doit être appréhendé par le prisme du concept d'entrepreneur. La fonction créative d'entrepreneur se présente comme un processus individuel largement épistémique, lequel s'élucide en une action à effet catallactique. Elle contribue à l'émergence spontanée de l`ordre, concrétisant ainsi l'évolutionnisme individuel et institutionnel. Or son apparition dépend de déterminants institutionnels particuliers. Par conséquent, le processus de marché, qui émerge des actions catallactiques, requiert un fondement institutionnel spécifique comme une condition sine qua non. En outre, notre analyse s'étend au processus politique à travers le prisme de l'action politique, afin d'examiner l'adéquation de cette action à la nature catallactique. Cette analyse permet aussi de décrypter les institutions qui régissent l'ordre politique confectionné. Cependant, cette investigation relève au cours du processus politique, la déficience du fondement institutionnel indispensable à l'émergence de la fonction d'entrepreneur dans l'action politique. Cela constitue une barrière infranchissable pour l'analogie catallactique dans la pratique politique, et contribue à expliquer la défaillance de la conjecture de marché politique, en raison de l'impossibilité de l'émergence d'un échange politique légitime. Du point de vue de l'éthique, l'action politique s'avère nocive à l'ensemble des droits individuels, voire aux droits de propriété privée. Elle diverge de celle entrepreneuriale car elle dénie la coordination. Par conséquent, cette réalité nous amène à réfuter la conjecture d'entrepreneur politique
In the context of the Austrian scientific research program in economics, our study deals with the market process through the prism of Entrepreneur`s concept. The creative entrepreneurial function emerges as an epistemic individual process, which contributes to a catallactic action. It strengthens the emergence of the spontaneous order, thus shaping individual and institutional evolutionism. The emergence of such action mainly depends on institutional determinants. Therefore, the market process, emerging from catallactic actions, requires a specific institutional foundation. Thereby, our analysis concerns the political process; this, through the prism of the political action, to match the adequacy of this action to the catallactic one. This analysis also decrypts the institutions which determine the political order. However, this introspection identifies the deficiency of the institutional foundation required for the emergence of the entrepreneurial function through the political action. This barrier of the catallactic analogy in the political practice contributes to the refutation of the political market conjecture. The main reason of this failure is the impossibility of a legitimate political exchange emergence. From the objective ethics perspective, the political action harms the individual rights in general and the private property rights in particular. By denying the coordination, this political action shows a divergent nature from the entrepreneurial one. Therefore, this reality leads to refute the political entrepreneur conjecture

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Paditz, Ludwig. "Über die Annäherung der Verteilungsfunktionen von Summen unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen gegen unbegrenzt teilbare Verteilungsfunktionen unter besonderer Beachtung der Verteilungsfunktion der standardisierten Normalverteilung". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-114206.

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Mit der vorgelegten Arbeit werden neue Beiträge zur Grundlagenforschung auf dem Gebiet der Grenzwertsätze der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie vorgelegt. Grenzwertsätze für Summen unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen nehmen unter den verschiedenartigsten Forschungsrichtungen der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie einen bedeutenden Platz ein und sind in der heutigen Zeit nicht mehr allein von theoretischem Interesse. In der Arbeit werden Ergebnisse zu neuere Problemstellungen aus der Summationstheorie unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen vorgestellt, die erstmalig in den fünfziger bzw. sechzger Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts in der Literatur auftauchten und in den zurückliegenden Jahren mit großem Interesse untersucht wurden. International haben sich in der Theorie der Grenzwertsätze zwei Hauptrichtungen herauskristallisiert: Zum Einen die Fragen zur Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit, mit der eine Summenverteilungsfunktion gegen eine vorgegebene Grenzverteilungsfunktion konvergiert, und zum Anderen die Fragen nach einer Fehlerabschätzung zur Grenzverteilungsfunktion bei einem endlichen Summationsprozeß. Zuerst werden unbegrenz teilbare Grenzverteilungsfunktionen betrachtet und dann wird speziell die Normalverteilung als Grenzverteilung diskutiert. Als charakteristische Kenngrößen werden sowohl Momente oder einseitige Momente bzw. Pseudomomente benutzt. Die Fehlerabschätzungen werden sowohl als gleichmäßige wie auch ungleichmäßige Restgliedabschätzungen angegeben, einschließlich einer Beschreibung der dabei auftretenden absoluten Konstanten. Als Beweismethoden werden sowohl die Methode der charakteristischen Funktionen als auch direkte Methoden (Faltungsmethode) weiter ausgebaut. Für eine 1965 von Bikelis angegebene Fehlerabschätzung gelang es nun erstmalig, die auftretende absolute Konstante C mit C=114,667 numerisch abzuschätzen. Weiterhin werden in der Arbeit sogenannte Grenzwertsätze für mittlere Abweichungen studiert. Hier werden erstmalig auch Restgliedabschätzungen abgeleitet. Der in den letzten Jahren zum Beweis von Grenzwertsätzen eingeschlagene Weg über die Faltung von Verteilungsfunktionen erwies sich als bahnbrechend und bestimmte die Entwicklung sowohl der Theorie der Grenzwertsätze für mittlere und große Abweichungen als auch der Untersuchung zu den ungleichmäßigen Abschätzungen im zentralen Grenzwertsatz bedeutend. Die Faltungsmethode stellt in der vorliegenden Dissertationsschrift das hauptsächliche Beweisinstrument dar. Damit gelang es, eine Reihe neuer Ergebnisse zu erhalten und insbesondere mittels der elektronischen Datenverarbeitung neue numerische Resultate zu erhalten
With the presented work new contributions to basic research in the field of limit theorems of probability theory are given. Limit theorems for sums of independent random variables taking on the most diverse lines of research in probability theory an important place in modern times and are no longer only of theoretical interest. In the work results are presented to newer problems on the summation theory of independent random variables, at first time in the fifties and sixties of the 20th Century appeared in the literature and have been studied in the past few years with great interest. International two main directions have emerged in the theory of limit theorems: Firstly, the questions on the convergence speed of a cumulative distribution function converges to a predetermined limit distribution function, and on the other hand the questions on an error estimate for the limit distribution function at a finite summation process. First indefinite divisible limit distribution functions are considered, then the normal distribution is specifically discussed as a limit distribution. As characteristic parameters both moments or one-sided moments or pseudo-moments are used. The error estimates are stated both in uniform as well as non-uniform residual bounds including a description of the occurring absolute constants. Both the method of characteristic functions as well as direct methods (convolution method) can be further expanded as proof methods. Now for the error estimate, 1965 given by Bikelis, was the first time to estimate the appearing absolute constant C with C = 114.667 numerically. Furthermore, in the work of so-called limit theorems for moderate deviations are studied. Here also remainder estimates are derived for the first time. In recent years to the proof of limit theorems the chosen way of the convolution of distribution functions proved to be groundbreaking and determined the development of both the theory of limit theorems for moderate and large deviations as well as the investigation into the nonuniform estimates in the central limit theorem significantly. The convolution method is in the present thesis, the main instrument of proof. Thus, it was possible to obtain a series of results and obtain new numerical results in particular by means of electronic data processing

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Paditz, Ludwig. "Beiträge zur expliziten Fehlerabschätzung im zentralen Grenzwertsatz". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-115105.

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In der Arbeit wird das asymptotische Verhalten von geeignet normierten und zentrierten Summen von Zufallsgrößen untersucht, die entweder unabhängig sind oder im Falle der Abhängigkeit als Martingaldifferenzfolge oder stark multiplikatives System auftreten. Neben der klassischen Summationstheorie werden die Limitierungsverfahren mit einer unendlichen Summationsmatrix oder einer angepaßten Folge von Gewichtsfunktionen betrachtet. Es werden die Methode der charakteristischen Funktionen und besonders die direkte Methode der konjugierten Verteilungsfunktionen weiterentwickelt, um quantitative Aussagen über gleichmäßige und ungleichmäßige Restgliedabschätzungen in zentralen Grenzwertsatz zu beweisen. Die Untersuchungen werden dabei in der Lp-Metrik, 1
In the work the asymptotic behavior of suitably centered and normalized sums of random variables is investigated, which are either independent or occur in the case of dependence as a sequence of martingale differences or a strongly multiplicative system. In addition to the classical theory of summation limiting processes are considered with an infinite summation matrix or an adapted sequence of weighting functions. It will be further developed the method of characteristic functions, and especially the direct method of the conjugate distribution functions to prove quantitative statements about uniform and non-uniform error estimates of the remainder term in central limit theorem. The investigations are realized in the Lp metric, 1

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Boutouila, Nawal. "La condition juridique des personnes privées de liberté du fait d'une décision administrative". Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05D007.

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En empruntant une démarche prospective, l’objectif de cette contribution est de mettre en lumière l’existence d’une évolution de la condition juridique des personnes privées de liberté du fait d’une décision administrative. Si pendant longtemps l’obligation de préserver l’ordre public a été présentée comme conférant de nombreuses prérogatives à l’administration, elle doit désormais être décrite comme une mission de service public devant s’accomplir conformément à un modèle de comportement, sans toutefois que l’on puisse aujourd’hui évoquer l’existence de véritables sujétions à la charge de l’administration. Si cette évolution a été rendue possible, c’est en grande partie grâce à de «nouveaux contre-pouvoirs» qui ont contribué au renforcement de leur protection en participant plus ou moins directement à l’identification des obligations que toute administration qui prend en charge une personne privée de liberté devrait respecter et en concourant à leur défense
By taking a prospective approach, the main of this work is to highlight the existence of an evolution of the legal status of persons deprived of their liberty for an administrative decision. Though the obligation to preserve public order has long been introduced as granting the administration many prerogatives, it must from now on to be equally described as a public-service mission that should be accomplished in accordance with a particular behavior model, without however, always mentioning the presence of actual constraints at the expense of the administration because of the numerous shortcomings currently affecting the protection system. Presumably, if this improvement has been made possible, it is in mainly due to “this new opposing-force concept” that has contributed to strengthening theirs protection especially by participating in the identification of the obligations that should be respected by all administrations which have to take care of a person deprived of liberty

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Fenollosa, Artés Felip. "Contribució a l'estudi de la impressió 3D per a la fabricació de models per facilitar l'assaig d'operacions quirúrgiques de tumors". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667421.

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La present tesi doctoral s’ha centrat en el repte d’aconseguir, mitjançant Fabricació Additiva (FA), models per a assaig quirúrgic, sota la premissa que els equips per fer-los haurien de ser accessibles a l’àmbit hospitalari. L’objectiu és facilitar l’extensió de l’ús dels prototips com a eina de preparació d’operacions quirúrgiques, transformant la pràctica mèdica actual de la mateixa manera que en el seu moment ho van fer tecnologies com les que van facilitar l’ús de radiografies. El motiu d’utilitzar FA, en lloc de tecnologies més tradicionals, és la seva capacitat de materialitzar de forma directa les dades digitals obtingudes de l’anatomia del pacient mitjançant sistemes d’escanejat tridimensional, fent possible l’obtenció de models personalitzats. Els resultats es centren en la generació de nou coneixement sobre com aconseguir equipaments d’impressió 3D multimaterials accessibles que permetin l’obtenció de models mimètics respecte als teixits vius. Per facilitar aquesta buscada extensió de la tecnologia, s’ha focalitzat en les tecnologies de codi obert com la Fabricació per Filament Fos (FFF) i similars basades en líquids catalitzables. La recerca s’alinea dins l’activitat de desenvolupament de la FA al CIM UPC, i en aquest àmbit concret amb la col·laboració amb l’Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloc de la tesi inclou la descripció de l’estat de l’art, detallant les tecnologies existents i la seva aplicació a l’entorn mèdic. S’han establert per primer cop unes bases de caracterització dels teixits vius -sobretot tous- per donar suport a la selecció de materials que els puguin mimetitzar en un procés de FA, a efectes de millorar l’experiència d’assaig dels cirurgians. El caràcter rígid dels materials majoritàriament usats en impressió 3D els fa poc útils per simular tumors i altres referències anatòmiques. De forma successiva, es tracten paràmetres com la densitat, la viscoelasticitat, la caracterització dels materials tous a la indústria, l’estudi del mòdul elàstic de teixits tous i vasos, la duresa d’aquests, i requeriments com l’esterilització dels models. El segon bloc comença explorant la impressió 3D mitjançant FFF. Es classifiquen les variants del procés des del punt de vista de la multimaterialitat, essencial per fer models d’assaig quirúrgic, diferenciant entre solucions multibroquet i de barreja al capçal. S’ha inclòs l’estudi de materials (filaments i líquids) que serien més útils per mimetitzar teixits tous. Es constata com en els líquids, en comparació amb els filaments, la complexitat del treball en processos de FA és més elevada, i es determinen formes d’imprimir materials molt tous. Per acabar, s’exposen sis casos reals de col·laboració amb l’HJSD, una selecció d’aquells en els que el doctorand ha intervingut en els darrers anys. L’origen es troba en la dificultat de l’abordatge d’operacions de resecció de tumors infantils com el neuroblastoma, i a la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalment, el Bloc 3 té per objecte explorar nombrosos conceptes (fins a 8), activitat completada al llarg dels darrers cinc anys amb el suport dels mitjans del CIM UPC i de l’activitat associada a treballs finals d’estudis d’estudiants de la UPC, arribant-se a materialitzar equipaments experimentals per validar-los. La recerca ampla i sistemàtica al respecte fa que s’estigui més a prop de disposar d’una solució d’impressió 3D multimaterial de sobretaula. Es determina que la millor via de progrés és la de disposar d’una pluralitat de capçals independents a fi de capacitar la impressora 3D per integrar diversos conceptes estudiats, materialitzant-se una possible solució. Cloent la tesi, es planteja com seria un equipament d’impressió 3D per a models d’assaig quirúrgic, a fi de servir de base per a futurs desenvolupaments.
La presente tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el reto de conseguir, mediante Fabricación Aditiva (FA), modelos para ensayo quirúrgico, bajo la premisa que los equipos para obtenerlos tendrían que ser accesibles al ámbito hospitalario. El objetivo es facilitar la extensión del uso de modelos como herramienta de preparación de operaciones quirúrgicas, transformando la práctica médica actual de la misma manera que, en su momento, lo hicieron tecnologías como las que facilitaron el uso de radiografías. El motivo de utilizar FA, en lugar de tecnologías más tradicionales, es su capacidad de materializar de forma directa los datos digitales obtenidos de la anatomía del paciente mediante sistemas de escaneado tridimensional, haciendo posible la obtención de modelos personalizados. Los resultados se centran en la generación de nuevo conocimiento para conseguir equipamientos de impresión 3D multimateriales accesibles que permitan la obtención de modelos miméticos respecto a los tejidos vivos. Para facilitar la buscada extensión de la tecnología, se ha focalizado en las tecnologías de código abierto como la Fabricación por Hilo Fundido (FFF) y similares basadas en líquidos catalizables. Esta investigación se alinea dentro de la actividad de desarrollo de la FA en el CIM UPC, y en este ámbito concreto con la colaboración con el Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloque de la tesis incluye la descripción del estado del arte, detallando las tecnologías existentes y su aplicación al entorno médico. Se han establecido por primera vez unas bases de caracterización de los tejidos vivos – principalmente blandos – para dar apoyo a la selección de materiales que los puedan mimetizar en un proceso de FA, a efectos de mejorar la experiencia de ensayo de los cirujanos. El carácter rígido de los materiales mayoritariamente usados en impresión 3D los hace poco útiles para simular tumores y otras referencias anatómicas. De forma sucesiva, se tratan parámetros como la densidad, la viscoelasticidad, la caracterización de materiales blandos en la industria, el estudio del módulo elástico de tejidos blandos y vasos, la dureza de los mismos, y requerimientos como la esterilización de los modelos. El segundo bloque empieza explorando la impresión 3D mediante FFF. Se clasifican las variantes del proceso desde el punto de vista de la multimaterialidad, esencial para hacer modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, diferenciando entre soluciones multiboquilla y de mezcla en el cabezal. Se ha incluido el estudio de materiales (filamentos y líquidos) que serían más útiles para mimetizar tejidos blandos. Se constata como en los líquidos, en comparación con los filamentos, la complejidad del trabajo en procesos de FA es más elevada, y se determinan formas de imprimir materiales muy blandos. Para acabar, se exponen seis casos reales de colaboración con el HJSD, una selección de aquellos en los que el doctorando ha intervenido en los últimos años. El origen se encuentra en la dificultad del abordaje de operaciones de resección de tumores infantiles como el neuroblastoma, y en la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalmente, el Bloque 3 desarrolla numerosos conceptos (hasta 8), actividad completada a lo largo de los últimos cinco años con el apoyo de los medios del CIM UPC y de la actividad asociada a trabajos finales de estudios de estudiantes de la UPC, llegándose a materializar equipamientos experimentales para validarlos. La investigación amplia y sistemática al respecto hace que se esté más cerca de disponer de una solución de impresión 3D multimaterial de sobremesa. Se determina que la mejor vía de progreso es la de disponer de una pluralidad de cabezales independientes, a fin de capacitar la impresora 3D para integrar diversos conceptos estudiados, materializándose una posible solución. Para cerrar la tesis, se plantea cómo sería un equipamiento de impresión 3D para modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, a fin de servir de base para futuros desarrollos.

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Blümel, Christoph. "Comparison of (order-independent) transparency algorithms with osgTT". 2015. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A17058.

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This thesis documents the evaluation of several transparency techniques in aspects of quality and performance. Depth sorted alpha blending and the order-independent transparency techniques additive blending, multiplicative blending, unsorted alpha blending and depth peeling are examined. The theoretical concepts of these techniques are explained.

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林慧榛. "Transparent Fragment Storage System for Order-Independent Transparency in GPU". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97708228978660911179.

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碩士
國立交通大學
資訊科學與工程研究所
95
In order to correctly and fast render the transparent effect of a scene, some hardware oriented algorithms with additional transparent fragment storage supports for order-independent transparency are proposed in current computer graphics. However, as the scene complexity is constantly increasing, the number of transparent fragments and the size of transparent fragment storage support also increase significantly. To lower the demand for memory, in this thesis, we propose a transparent fragment storage system design for order-independent transparency. Within our fragment storage system, transparent fragments are stored in a corresponding location based on their x-y coordinate, and connected with the other fragments that has the same x-y coordinate by pointer indexing. The objective of our design is to reduce the memory requirement and the memory access frequency of the transparent fragment storage system.

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32

Chang, Yi-Hsing, i 張儀興. "A Study on Generating All Maximal Independent Sets in Lexicographic Order". Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27406641846612197859.

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33

Szuma, Pei-Wen, i 司馬佩文. "On Asymptotics of Order Statistics in Independent Nonidentically Distributed Random Variables". Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31842658859576475036.

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碩士
國立中山大學
應用數學研究所
84
Let {X_n, n>= 1} be a sequence of independent random variables with continuous distribution functions {F_n, n>= 1}, and X_{[1: n]}<= X_{[2:n]}<= ... <= X_{[n:n]} be the corresponding order statistics for sample size n. For every k (1<= k <= n), let F_{kn} denote the distribution function of X_{[k:n]} and M_n= max{X_1,...,X_n}. For this work, when {F_n, n>= 1} come from some special families with certain parameters, we are interested in finding some conditions for those parameters to determine $a_n$ and $b_n$ such that F_{nn}(a_nx+b_n) converges to a nondegenerate distribution. When {F_n, n>= 1} come from general families, we also find some conditions for {F_n, n>= 1}, a_n and b_n such that F_{kn}(a_nx+b_n) converges to standard Normal distribution, where k=qn, q in (0,1).

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34

Bin, Lin Shyh, i 林世斌. "The Trees And Forests of The Same Order with Larger and Small Independent Indices". Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98504471764078367879.

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35

Chen, Jun-Jie, i 陳俊傑. "Survey On The Paper " First Order Quasilinear Equations In Several Independent Variables " By S.N.Kruzkov". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80811644674065507008.

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碩士
國立中正大學
數學系應用數學研究所
104
In this thesis I will survey a theory by S.N.Kruzkov on the existence and uniqueness of bounded generalized solution of Cauchy's problem. We define the generalized solution and prove existence, uniqueness and stability theorems for this solution. Vanishing viscosity method is need to prove existence of solution of the above equation. S.N.Kruzkov

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36

Bernardini, Silvia C. "The unique, independent influence of older sibling's physical aggression on the development of physical aggression in younger children". 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=232676&T=F.

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37

Emery, John C. H. "The rise and fall of fraternal methods of social insurance : a case study of the Independent Order of Oddfellows of British Columbia sickness insurance, 1874-1951". Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1818.

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Most descriptions of the rise of the Canadian welfare state emphasize that traditional social welfare institutions were always inadequate and it took the Depression to demonstrate the need for better, more comprehensive arrangements. Beyond the enlightening influence of the Depression, the rise of current welfare state institutions is attributed to the efforts and influences of politicians, unions, social reformers, and intellectuals. This myth about the rise of the welfare state has been so widely accepted that there has been little effort expended in examining pre-welfare state social insurance arrangements. The findings of this case study of the Independent Order of Oddfellows of British Columbia (IOOFBC) sickness insurance indicate that before 1930 there was an extensive formalized system of social insurance. The study also reveals that rather than having demonstrated the inadequacies of the traditional welfare mechanisms, the severe economic conditions of the Depression devastated the existing social insurance arrangements which created the impetus for the rise of the welfare state. Up until 1930, membership in a fraternal organization, like the Independent Order of Oddfellows (IOOF), was one of the most important sources of sickness/health insurance and life insurance throughout the world. Fraternal insurers were able to provide insurance at a lower cost than commercial insurers through their non-profit motive and their use of screening and peer monitoring practices to alleviate problems of adverse selection and moral hazard. Until 1930, 13% of the population in British Columbia had sickness/health insurance coverage through fraternal membership. Critics of fraternal insurance argued that while fraternal insurers may have had low costs, they led a financially precarious existence due to their hazardous pricing practices. An analysis of IOOFBC lodges for the period 1891 to 1950 reveals that this is not a good explanation of the decline of fraternal insurance. Even with the most hazardous of pricing practices, IOOFBC lodges had almost no probability of being bankrupted by high claims. Early in lodge operations, surplus revenues were invested in assets, like the lodge hall, which generated revenues that subsidized lodge operations and benefit payments. Given that fraternal insurers were viable, why was fraternal membership not an important source of insurance coverage after the Depression? An analysis of the memberships of four IOOFBC lodges over the period 1891 to 1980 reveals that the devastation of fraternal memberships in the Depression promoted the growth of alternative (commercial and government) insurance arrangements. In the 1930s, more workers than ever before were without sickness insurance coverage. As the probability of suspension for non-payment of dues tripled, workers would have had little expectation of remaining in a fraternal membership long enough to collect sick benefits that were primarily needed after age 45. Through and after the Depression, IOOFBC lodges abandoned their insurance functions. Lodge memberships had "aged" so much between 1930 and 1945 that the increased lodge benefit liabilities made reforming the IOOFBC's beneficial systems impractical. If changes were not made to the IOOFBC subordinate lodges' dues and benefits, lodges would have had to potentially draw on their assets to meet their inflated obligations. The solution adopted was to abandon sick benefits altogether as members who had always been opposed to the insurance.

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38

Paditz, Ludwig. "Beiträge zur expliziten Fehlerabschätzung im zentralen Grenzwertsatz". Doctoral thesis, 1988. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26930.

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In der Arbeit wird das asymptotische Verhalten von geeignet normierten und zentrierten Summen von Zufallsgrößen untersucht, die entweder unabhängig sind oder im Falle der Abhängigkeit als Martingaldifferenzfolge oder stark multiplikatives System auftreten. Neben der klassischen Summationstheorie werden die Limitierungsverfahren mit einer unendlichen Summationsmatrix oder einer angepaßten Folge von Gewichtsfunktionen betrachtet. Es werden die Methode der charakteristischen Funktionen und besonders die direkte Methode der konjugierten Verteilungsfunktionen weiterentwickelt, um quantitative Aussagen über gleichmäßige und ungleichmäßige Restgliedabschätzungen in zentralen Grenzwertsatz zu beweisen. Die Untersuchungen werden dabei in der Lp-Metrik, 1In the work the asymptotic behavior of suitably centered and normalized sums of random variables is investigated, which are either independent or occur in the case of dependence as a sequence of martingale differences or a strongly multiplicative system. In addition to the classical theory of summation limiting processes are considered with an infinite summation matrix or an adapted sequence of weighting functions. It will be further developed the method of characteristic functions, and especially the direct method of the conjugate distribution functions to prove quantitative statements about uniform and non-uniform error estimates of the remainder term in central limit theorem. The investigations are realized in the Lp metric, 1

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39

Gamieldien, Mogamad Faaik. "An annotated translation of the manuscript Irshad Al-MuqallidinʾInda Ikhtilaf Al-Mujtahidin (Advice to the laity when the juristconsults differ) by Abu Muhammad Al-Shaykh Sidiya Baba Ibn Al-Shaykh Al-Shinqiti Al-Itisha- I (D. 1921/1342) and a synopsis and commentary of its dominant themes". Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25753.

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Text in English and Arabic
In pre-colonial Africa, the Southwestern Sahara which includes Mauritania, Mali and Senegal belonged to what was then referred to as the Sudan and extended from the Atlantic seaboard to the Red Sea. The advent of Islam and the Arabic language to West Africa in the 11th century heralded an intellectual marathon whose literary output still fascinates us today. At a time when Europe was emerging from the dark ages and Africa was for most Europeans a terra incognita, indigenous African scholars were composing treatises as diverse as mathematics, agriculture and the Islamic sciences. A twentieth century Mauritanian, Arabic monograph, Irshād al- Muqallidīn ʿinda ikhtilāf al-Mujtahidīn1, written circa 1910/1332, by a yet unknown Mauritanian jurist of the Mālikī School, Bāba bin al-Shaykh Sīdī al- Shinqīṭī al-Ntishā-ī (d.1920/1342), a member of the muchacclaimed Shinqīṭī fraternity of scholars, is a fine example of African literary accomplishment. This manuscript hereinafter referred to as the Irshād, is written within the legal framework of Islamic jurisprudence (usūl al-fiqh). A science that relies for the most part on the intellectual and interpretive competence of the independent jurist, or mujtahid, in the application of the methodologies employed in the extraction of legal norms from the primary sources of the sharīʿah. The subject matter of the Irshād deals with the question of juristic differences. Juristic differences invariably arise when a mujtahid exercises his academic freedom to clarify or resolve conundrums in the law and to postulate legal norms. Other independent jurists (mujtahidūn) may posit different legal norms because of the exercise of their individual interpretive skills. These differences, when they are deemed juristically irreconcilable, are called ikhtilāfāt (pl. of ikhtilāf). The author of the Irshād explores a corollary of the ikhtilāf narrative and posits the hypothesis that there ought not to be ikhtilāf in the sharīʿah. The proposed research will comprise an annotated translation of the monograph followed by a synopsis and commentary on its dominant themes.
Religious Studies and Arabic
D. Litt. et Phil. (Islamic Studies)

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