Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Income inequality”

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Income inequality"

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Gangl, Markus. "Income Inequality, Permanent Incomes, and Income Dynamics". Work and Occupations 32, nr 2 (maj 2005): 140–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0730888404274354.

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Baron, Robert Alan. "Income inequality". Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 6, nr 1 (10.04.2017): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-07-2016-0028.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain why (based on an extensive body of research findings) efforts to reduce income inequality may have negative effects on motivation and the desire to excel. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the author’s personal perspective on income inequality and efforts to reduce it. However, these views are grounded in extensive literature concerning the nature of “fairness,” and the harmful effects of weakening the link between performance or effort on the one hand, and rewards on the other. Breaking this connection may be especially harmful for entrepreneurs, who have strong beliefs that the hard they work in building their new ventures, the more likely are these companies to be successful. Findings The paper presents what, it is hoped, provides a broadened framework within which to examine the causes and income inequality, definitions of “fairness,” and the potential effects of efforts to reduce such inequality. Practical implications By weakening the relationship between performance and rewards, efforts to reduce income inequality involving large tax increases may weaken the relationship between performance (accomplishment) and rewards, thus reducing motivation to work hard and achieve excellence. Social implications Understanding the negative implications of government-funded programs designed to reduce income inequality helps to clarify the potentially detrimental effects of such programs – effects that are neither intended not expected by proponents of such efforts. Originality/value The effects of efforts to reduce income inequality have not previously been examined in the context of their negative implications for human motivation to work hard and attain excellence in any endeavor – implications suggested by a large body of relevant research.
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Kricheli-Katz, Tamar. "Income Inequality". Sociological Forum 31, nr 2 (czerwiec 2016): 492–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/socf.12257.

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Keun Ryu, Hang, i Daniel J. Slottje. "Income inequality versus utility inequality". Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 46, nr 8 (25.04.2016): 3631–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2015.1069348.

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Wright, Simon, i Emil O. W. Kirkegaard. "Intelligence Inequality and Income Inequality". Comparative Sociology 22, nr 2 (19.04.2023): 298–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10077.

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Abstract This article evaluates the relationship between inequality in cognitive test scores across countries and income inequality. By meta-analyzing the standard deviations in PISA results from 2000 to 2018, the authors construct a measure of intelligence inequalities across countries. They then test this measure to investigate if it has any association with income inequality as measured by the gini index. Across all models and subsamples, the authors do not find a positive association between intelligence inequality and income inequality. In models where the coefficient is statistically significant, the direction is unexpectedly negative, implying greater intelligence inequality is associated with lower income inequality. This is contrary to theoretical predictions of a positive association between these variables. Finally, the authors also find some evidence that greater mean intelligence is associated with lower levels of income inequality.
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Kartseva, M., i P. Kuznetsova. "Is income inequality fair in Russia? Inequality of opportunity and income inequality". Applied Econometrics 58 (2020): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1993-7601-2020-58-5-31.

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Reardon, Sean F., i Kendra Bischoff. "Income Inequality and Income Segregation". American Journal of Sociology 116, nr 4 (styczeń 2011): 1092–153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/657114.

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Yitzhaki, Shlomo, i Robert I. Lerman. "INCOME STRATIFICATION AND INCOME INEQUALITY". Review of Income and Wealth 37, nr 3 (wrzesień 1991): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1991.tb00374.x.

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Poterba, James M. "Income inequality and income taxation". Journal of Policy Modeling 29, nr 4 (lipiec 2007): 623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2007.05.010.

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Beeghley, Leonard, i Jeffrey W. Dwyer. "Income transfers and income inequality". Population Research and Policy Review 8, nr 2 (maj 1989): 119–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00126729.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Income inequality"

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Wildman, John. "Health, income and income inequality". Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369278.

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König, Johannes [Verfasser]. "Income Inequality and Income Risk / Johannes König". Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1180388062/34.

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Beramendi, Pablo. "Decentralization and income inequality". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270597.

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Furukawa, Yousuke. "Income Inequality and Macroeconomics". Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/227577.

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Lindell, Mattias. "Income Growth and Income Inequality in Danish Municipalities". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-38324.

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Income growth and income inequality is an important theme in Economic research. It has been debated for decades whether income inequality hinders or enhances income growth. One of the classic models of this relationship was the Kuzenets curve which shows inequality against income per capita can be defined by an inverted U-shaped curve, over a period of time. The purpose of the paper is to see to see the relationship between income growth and inequality on a municipality level. To do this, four econometric panel data models were constructed with data gathered from Statbank Denmark. Log of income was used as the dependent variable and different measures of inequality were used as independent variables among other variables (public expenditure, education, population density, demographic composition, taxation). Results from these models show how income growth is positively related to income inequality, with vastly higher growth at the top end of the income distribution in Denmark. The implications of these findings can show that a trade-off between income inequality and income growth is not true, and it is possible that both variables work in tandem. Other factors such as education and demographic composition were also positively correlated with income growth, while other factors, such as taxation, were statistically insignificant. Comprehensive research on inequality and income growth at a municipality level is sparse, especially in the case of Denmark. Thus, this study contributes to research in regional economics.
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Duncan, Denvil R. "Essays on Personal Income Taxation and Income Inequality". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/econ_diss/62.

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This dissertation comprises two essays that attempt to determine, empirically, the relationship between personal income taxation and income inequality. The first essay examines whether income inequality is affected by the structural progressivity of national income tax systems. Using detailed personal income tax schedules for a large panel of countries, we develop and estimate comprehensive, time-varying measures of structural progressivity of national income tax systems over the 1981–2005 period. Our findings suggest that progressivity has a strong negative effect on inequality in reported gross and net income and that this negative effect is strongest in countries whose institutional framework supports pro-poor redistribution. However, the effect of progressivity on true inequality, which is approximated by consumption-based measures of the GINI coefficient, is significantly smaller. The second essay relies on household level data and complements the first in its empirical approach. We simulate the distributional impact of the Russian personal income tax (PIT) following the flat tax reform of 2001 using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. We use a series of counterfactuals to decompose the change in the distribution of net income into a direct (tax) effect and an indirect behavioral effect. As expected, the direct tax effect increased net income inequality. Changes in the pre-tax distribution, on the other hand, had a large negative impact on inequality thus leading to an overall decline in net income inequality. We also find that the tax-induced evasion response increased reported net income inequality while reducing consumption based measures of net income inequality.
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Gregory, Michael Peter Robert. "Farm income inequality and instability". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338982.

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Somekh, Babak. "Income inequality and consumer markets". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:706cebd7-c65a-4f94-acdc-1c03ca94691a.

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This thesis consists of three chapters that analyze theoretically the role of income inequality in consumer markets. Each chapter introduces distributional considerations into an economic model where previously inequality did not play a major role. Chapter one uses a consumer search model to show under what conditions the distribution of income within a community is related to the type of firms that exist within that community, impacting the level of prices. We show that if time and money costs of search are high enough, only the middle class have incentive to search and therefore are the most aggressive shoppers. Using a supply side model, we argue that firms located in more informed communities are more likely to enter the market as large low-priced retailers. Connecting these two results, the model shows under what conditions the size of the middle class can have a negative relationship with the level of prices. Chapter two demonstrates how firm pricing strategy and determinants of household location can interact to determine city structure. In this city, consumers and firms live on a continuous line interval. The model consists of two types of firms; many high-cost perfectly competitive firms located in the Central Business District, and one large low-cost "Superstore", choosing its price strategically. We show how the shopping habits of the consumer population, as determined by the relative price of the Superstore and the Corner Stores, can contribute to the various income segregation outcomes described in previous literature. In addition we consider the impact of city population structure on the pricing decision of a monopolist facing a competitive fringe. Chapter three uses a simple model of banking services to consider how deposit-taking banks price for their services and choose the type of deposit customers that they target. This chapter goes beyond previous theoretical work on consumer banking, identifying the role of household income in the access to deposit services. We show that a higher rate of return on investments available to banks lowers financial exclusion, increasing the profitability of low-income consumers for deposit-taking institutions. This suggests that the possibility of financial exclusion increases in periods of recession. The chapter demonstrates how an increase in income dispersion can lead to a greater proportion of consumers excluded from mainstream banking.
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Baymul, Cinar. "Perceived income inequality and corruption". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:aafe740b-e166-491c-ab2d-95645f034436.

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The theories linking income inequality to corruption are numerous, yet economists mostly fail to support them with empirical evidence. In this thesis, we argue that the primary reason why empirical studies find no significant link between income inequality and corruption is the conceptual difference between income inequality and its perception. Corruption in the public sector is the result of an interaction between two agents: a public official and a private individual. A public official considers several different factors when he decides to engage in corruption. If income inequality is theorized to be one of those factors, it is essential to consider that agents are subject to a veil of ignorance, especially in matters relating to the distribution of income. Public officials do not have perfect information on the distribution of income; but rather rely on their own perceptions drawn from a sub-sample of the population. These perceptions are formed by experiences over time with the limited information that the economic agents possess. Recent studies on the subject demonstrate that systematic biases exist in individuals' perceptions of inequality. Failures to address these biases, might be contributing to a lack in substantive evidence that would otherwise be able to link income inequality to corruption. This thesis develops a new conceptual and economic framework to shed light on to the relationship between perceptions of inequality and corruption. We explore the answers of our research questions using three main methods: Regression analyses, a laboratory experiment and a country-case study in Turkey including interviews with public officials. While the results of the regression analysis do not provide evidence to suggest that a rise in actual income inequality corresponds with higher levels of corruption, our results do however support the hypothesis that there is a strong link between perceived nationwide inequality and forms of corruption. Our experimental design allows us to investigate the ways in which subjects' behaviours change when initial endowment inequality differs between treatments in a bribery game. We observe the impact of inequality to subjects' decisions through its effect on perceptions. The economic model is built upon several assumptions, such as the public officials' lack of comprehensive information on incomes of others, and their inequity aversion. We administer a country-case study in Turkey to examine whether these assumptions are realistic and valid. Data we gather from the interviews, as well as existing surveys, enable us to shed more light into the differences between measured and perceived inequality.
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Nau, Michael D. "Financialization, Wealth and Income Inequality". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1302033581.

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Książki na temat "Income inequality"

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Clemmitt, Marcia. Income Inequality. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States: CQ Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/cqresrre20101203.

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Cooper, Mary H. Income Inequality. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States: CQ Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/cqresrre19980417.

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Freeman, Alan, i Nobuharu Yokokawa. International Income Inequality. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003329084.

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Wheeler, Christopher H. Neighborhood income inequality. St. Louis, Mo.]: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2006.

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Aguiar, Mark. Has consumption inequality mirrored income inequality? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011.

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Feldstein, Martin S. Income inequality and poverty. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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Income inequality and IQ. Washington, DC: AEI Press, 1998.

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Income inequality in Bangladesh. Dhaka: Osder Publications, 2007.

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Glaeser, Edward L. Inequality. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Glaeser, Edward L. Inequality. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Części książek na temat "Income inequality"

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Wong, Mathew Y. H. "Income Inequality". W Comparative Hong Kong Politics, 263–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3096-3_12.

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Szabó, Krisztina. "Income Inequality". W The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_343-1.

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Misra, Biswa Swarup. "Income Inequality". W Revisiting Regional Growth Dynamics in India in the Post Economic Reforms Period, 81–111. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137303684_4.

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Yılmaz, Ensar. "Income inequality". W Understanding Financial Crises, 91–120. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. —: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003037828-5.

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Misra, Biswa Swarup. "Income Inequality". W Regional Growth Dynamics in India in the Post-Economic Reform Period, 55–100. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230206304_3.

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Uwayo, Margaret, Mya Hernandez i Denise Ross. "Income Inequality". W A Scientific Framework for Compassion and Social Justice, 151–58. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003132011-24.

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Szabó, Krisztina. "Income Inequality". W The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 778–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74319-6_343.

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Campano, Fred, i Dominick Salvatore. "Income Inequality". W Income Distribution, 71–85. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/0195300912.003.0007.

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Gilbert, Dennis. "Income Inequality". W International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 739–43. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.32073-6.

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"Income inequality". W Society at a Glance, 86–89. OECD, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/soc_glance-2008-16-en.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Income inequality"

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Achdut, Leah. "WEALTH INEQUALITY AND INCOME INEQUALITY". W 34th International Academic Conference, Florence. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/iac.2017.034.001.

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Yıldırım, Zal, i İlkay Şendeniz Yüncü. "Income Inequality, Finance, and Economic Growth Relationships". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c15.02813.

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Since the early 1980s, income inequality has risen between and within countries in the neo-liberal era. In literature, there are different views on the relationship of financial sector and the real economy with income inequality. Two main hypotheses in the literature regarding this relationship are as follows: The first hypothesis claims that developments in financial sector can only benefit people with higher incomes. Those with higher incomes can offer collateral and are more likely to repay loans, while those with low-income levels may have difficulty in getting loans, and this may increase inequality. The second hypothesis argues that the growth of the financial sector can provide previously excluded low-income individuals with access to credit. This hypothesis suggests that income inequality decreases when financial markets are developed. This study presents the income inequality, finance, and growth relationships via panel data methodology. Our dataset consists of emerging markets, and our data source is the World Bank database. Our study contributes to the existing literature with its results, which give evidence of a negative relationship between income inequality and economic growth with policy implications. Specific policies toward the financial sector and the real sector would be implemented for poverty alleviation.
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Gelanyi, Ildiko, Andras Oliver Nemeth i Erzsebet Terez Varga. "Income Inequality In Hungary". W 34th International ECMS Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2020-0116.

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Dobreva, Julia. "Income Inequality in Bulgaria". W The 7th International Conference on Research in Business, Management and Economics. Globalks, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/7th.icrbme.2023.07.105.

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Kang, Chengwen, i Xuezhen Kang. "Poverty Alleviation’s Effects on Income Inequality and Income Growth". W Fifth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201211.017.

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Li, Yaxuan. "How Does Opportunity Inequality Affect Education Inequality and Income Distribution?" W 6th International Conference on Financial Innovation and Economic Development (ICFIED 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210319.076.

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Thomas, Gabriel, i Manickavasagan Annamalai. "Texture analysis using income inequality metrics". W 2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2014.6860891.

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Andor, Gyorgy. "Inequality Problems in Middle-Income Countries". W 2nd International Scientific Conference - Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Management Koper, Slovenia; Doba Business School - Maribor, Slovenia; Integrated Business Faculty - Skopje, Macedonia; Faculty of Management - Zajecar, Serbia, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2018.23.

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Mauliddah, Nurul Laili, i Asyidatur Rosmaniar. "Income Inequality in East Java Province". W 1st Borobudur International Symposium on Humanities, Economics and Social Sciences (BIS-HESS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200529.012.

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Huang, Jiayue, Menghan Xiong i Letian Hu. "Impact of Globalization on Income Inequality". W ICEBT 2021: 2021 5th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business and E-Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3474880.3474905.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Income inequality"

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La Jeunesse, Elizabeth A., i Christopher H. Wheeler. Neighborhood Income Inequality. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2006.039.

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Aguiar, Mark, i Mark Bils. Has Consumption Inequality Mirrored Income Inequality? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, luty 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16807.

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Feldstein, Martin. Income Inequality and Poverty. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, październik 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6770.

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Aghion, Philippe, Ufuk Akcigit, Antonin Bergeaud, Richard Blundell i David Hémous. Innovation and Top Income Inequality. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, czerwiec 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21247.

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Willen, Paul, Igal Hendel i Joel Shapiro. Educational Opportunity and Income Inequality. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, listopad 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10879.

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Coniglio, Nicola Daniele, Vitorocco Peragine i Davide Vurchio. International migration and income inequality. UNU-WIDER, marzec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2023/349-9.

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Feenberg, Daniel, i James Poterba. Income Inequality and the Incomes of Very High Income Taxpayers: Evidence from Tax Returns. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, grudzień 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4229.

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Brewer, Mike, Luke Sibieta i Liam Wren-Lewis. Racing away? Income inequality and the evolution of high incomes. Institute for Fiscal Studies, styczeń 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2008.0076.

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Krueger, Dirk, i Fabrizio Perri. Does Income Inequality Lead to Consumption Inequality? Evidence and Theory. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, wrzesień 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9202.

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Razin, Assaf, i Efraim Sadka. How Migration Can Change Income Inequality? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, kwiecień 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22191.

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