Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Income

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Income”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 29 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Income"

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Gangl, Markus. "Income Inequality, Permanent Incomes, and Income Dynamics". Work and Occupations 32, nr 2 (maj 2005): 140–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0730888404274354.

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Kalleitner, Fabian, i Sandra Bohmann. "The Inequity Z: Income Fairness Perceptions in Europe across the Income Distribution". Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 9 (styczeń 2023): 237802312311671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23780231231167138.

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Using data from the European Social Survey, we examine income fairness evaluations of 17,605 respondents from 28 countries. Respondents evaluated the fairness of their own incomes as well as the fairness of the incomes of the top and bottom income deciles in their countries. Depicted on a single graph, these income fairness evaluations take on a Z-shaped form, which we call the “inequity Z”. The inequity Z reveals an extensive level of consensus within each country regarding the degree of unfairness of top and bottom incomes. With rising income, respondents consistently judge their own incomes to be less unfair. Across countries, the gap in fairness ratings between top and bottom incomes rises with income inequality. Perceived underreward of bottom incomes is more pronounced in countries where bottom incomes are objectively lower. Thus, this visualization suggests that, when people are confronted with information about actual income levels, perceived inequity increases with inequality.
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Mishra, Aswini Kumar. "Household Income Inequality and Income Mobility: Implications Towards Equalizing Longer-Term Incomes in India". International Economic Journal 32, nr 2 (3.04.2018): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10168737.2018.1480640.

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Feenberg, Daniel R., i James M. Poterba. "Income Inequality and the Incomes of Very High-Income Taxpayers: Evidence from Tax Returns". Tax Policy and the Economy 7 (styczeń 1993): 145–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/tpe.7.20060632.

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Schmidheiny, Kurt. "Income segregation from local income taxation when households differ in both preferences and incomes". Regional Science and Urban Economics 36, nr 2 (marzec 2006): 270–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2005.10.003.

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Saiful Nathan, Siti Badariah, i M. Mohd Rosli. "Distributional effects of non-farm incomes in a Malaysian rice bowl". International Journal of Social Economics 43, nr 2 (8.02.2016): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-09-2013-0200.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the structure of household income and examine the effects of non-farm incomes on the income distribution of farm households in a relatively developed rural area of the Malaysian rice bowl. Design/methodology/approach – The non-farm incomes were disaggregated into different components to determine the contribution of each income source to total household income and overall inequality. The income distribution and decomposition was examined using the Gini decomposition method. Findings – It was found that almost 71 percent of the households in the sample had at least one source of non-farm income. On average, non-farm incomes contributed about 33 percent to total household income. Non-farm wage employment was the dominant source of non-farm income, accounting for almost 26 percent of overall household income. The farm incomes, especially the paddy incomes were found to be the inequality-decreasing income source. The study also confirmed the proposition that the non-farm incomes were the inequality-increasing income source as they contributed up to 35 percent of the overall income inequality. Originality/value – Previous studies have found that non-farm incomes have different effects on income inequality of rural communities, especially those in the rice granary areas situated in less developed states of Malaysia, where poverty is still a problem. This study is significant because it identifies the effect of certain incomes on the overall income inequality among farm households in the granary areas located in a relatively developed rural area. The studied areas are characterized by an intensive paddy production and a rapid development in business and industrial activities, and hence, providing non-farm employment opportunities to the rural farmers. Therefore, this study shows the income structure and how farm and non-farm incomes affect the overall income distribution of the paddy farmers.
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Rossignolo, Dario. "El Impuesto sobre la Renta Personal y los altos ingresos en América Latina". Revista Hacienda Pública Espñola 214, nr 4 (wrzesień 2015): 115–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7866/hpe-rpe.15.3.5.

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蔡宗佩, 蔡宗佩. "各類所得的推計標準，公平嗎？". 月旦會計實務研究 52, nr 52 (kwiecień 2022): 072–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/252260962022040052008.

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Gerdtham, Ulf-G., i Magnus Johannesson. "Absolute Income, Relative Income, Income Inequality, and Mortality". Journal of Human Resources XXXIX, nr 1 (2004): 228–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.xxxix.1.228.

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Gerdtham, Ulf-G., i Magnus Johannesson. "Absolute Income, Relative Income, Income Inequality, and Mortality". Journal of Human Resources 39, nr 1 (2004): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3559011.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Income"

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Wildman, John. "Health, income and income inequality". Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369278.

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König, Johannes [Verfasser]. "Income Inequality and Income Risk / Johannes König". Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1180388062/34.

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Lindell, Mattias. "Income Growth and Income Inequality in Danish Municipalities". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-38324.

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Income growth and income inequality is an important theme in Economic research. It has been debated for decades whether income inequality hinders or enhances income growth. One of the classic models of this relationship was the Kuzenets curve which shows inequality against income per capita can be defined by an inverted U-shaped curve, over a period of time. The purpose of the paper is to see to see the relationship between income growth and inequality on a municipality level. To do this, four econometric panel data models were constructed with data gathered from Statbank Denmark. Log of income was used as the dependent variable and different measures of inequality were used as independent variables among other variables (public expenditure, education, population density, demographic composition, taxation). Results from these models show how income growth is positively related to income inequality, with vastly higher growth at the top end of the income distribution in Denmark. The implications of these findings can show that a trade-off between income inequality and income growth is not true, and it is possible that both variables work in tandem. Other factors such as education and demographic composition were also positively correlated with income growth, while other factors, such as taxation, were statistically insignificant. Comprehensive research on inequality and income growth at a municipality level is sparse, especially in the case of Denmark. Thus, this study contributes to research in regional economics.
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Duncan, Denvil R. "Essays on Personal Income Taxation and Income Inequality". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/econ_diss/62.

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This dissertation comprises two essays that attempt to determine, empirically, the relationship between personal income taxation and income inequality. The first essay examines whether income inequality is affected by the structural progressivity of national income tax systems. Using detailed personal income tax schedules for a large panel of countries, we develop and estimate comprehensive, time-varying measures of structural progressivity of national income tax systems over the 1981–2005 period. Our findings suggest that progressivity has a strong negative effect on inequality in reported gross and net income and that this negative effect is strongest in countries whose institutional framework supports pro-poor redistribution. However, the effect of progressivity on true inequality, which is approximated by consumption-based measures of the GINI coefficient, is significantly smaller. The second essay relies on household level data and complements the first in its empirical approach. We simulate the distributional impact of the Russian personal income tax (PIT) following the flat tax reform of 2001 using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. We use a series of counterfactuals to decompose the change in the distribution of net income into a direct (tax) effect and an indirect behavioral effect. As expected, the direct tax effect increased net income inequality. Changes in the pre-tax distribution, on the other hand, had a large negative impact on inequality thus leading to an overall decline in net income inequality. We also find that the tax-induced evasion response increased reported net income inequality while reducing consumption based measures of net income inequality.
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Tomlinson, John Richard. "Income maintenance in Australia: The income guarantee alternative". Thesis, Tomlinson, John Richard (1989) Income maintenance in Australia: The income guarantee alternative. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1989. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51269/.

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By the beginning of the 20th century, Australia was commonly acknowledged to be amongst the world leaders in the supply of social provisions to its citizens. However. Australia gradually lost ground in this arena compared with other developed countries. The election of the Whitlam Labor Government in 1972 presented Australia with the first reform oriented government since the end of the Second World War: a considerable number of suggestions were put forward to extend and improve social welfare programs. This study investigates those suggestions which dealt with the development of more comprehensive income maintenance programs. It looks, in particular, at the proposal made by the Poverty Inquiry to introduce a Guaranteed Minimum Income - and examines why it (or a similar scheme) was not implemented and what, if any, ideological obstacles to its introduction remain relevant in the last part of this century. But before that can be done, it is necessary to examine the existing system of income maintenance, its structure, the mechanisms which create that structure, and to ascertain what makes the present system of income maintenance attractive to many people. Attitudes to work, the family and the way social need is viewed affect the public's preparedness to support welfare initiatives; these attitudes are considered preliminary to an examination of a number of generalised income guarantee proposals. The history of income guarantee schemes suggested in Britain, the United States of America and Australia is provided as a backdrop against which the ideological debates which such proposals evoked are assessed. The analysis of the ideological obstacles to income guarantees in Australia reveals the impediments embedded in the existing system of income maintenance and shows that these are not contained within the central tenets of Marxism, liberalism or social democracy. They are to be found associated with conservatism and discrimination based on gender, age, race, and locality. Before proceeding to estimate the likely response of either the Labor or Liberal Parties to income guarantees, the study establishes that there is no inherent incompatibility between the Australian mode of production and such guarantees. An examination of the Labor and Liberal Parties' social welfare platforms, their philosophical traditions, and spokespersons· pronouncements suggests that it would be possible for either Party to implement a form of income guarantee.
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García, Reyes María Elena. "Income polarisation". Thesis, University of York, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420261.

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Xiang, Linxi. "Essays on educational investment, income inequality and income mobility". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8032.

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The first two pieces of work in this thesis look into the strategic decision of intergenerational educational investment and its implication to income inequality, skill distribution and income mobility. The contribution of my work is to incorporate matching frictions into the marriage market and analyze returns from strategic educational investments. The mechanism in the marriage market adopted follows the spirit of the competitive search model which interprets the ‘mismatch’ phenomenon as the result of coordination frictions in the matching process. The competitiveness and frictions in the family formation process create decreasing returns to high educational investment. The more parental households who choose high educational investment, the less is the return to high educational investment compared to the lower alternative. The fact that rich parental households suffer less from costly high educational investment puts the poor households at a disadvantage and the poor are more likely to be crowded out of the group that have incentives to choose high investment. The model predicts that given a certain parameter region, children of poor parents are more likely to become skilled if the fraction of rich parental households is not too large. In a multi-generational dynamic setting, it further implies the existence of a stationary household income distribution and income mobility rates. An increase in returns to education alone generates a larger stationary fraction of rich households and a larger upward income mobility rate. An increase in the cost of the high educational investment alone generates a smaller stationary fraction of rich households and a smaller upward income mobility rate. The third piece of work looks into the strategic interaction between passenger carriers over product quality and the location choice in a duopoly scheduled flight market. The model predicts that the two carriers prefer to be specialized in different flight quality (non-stop vs. one-stop) and adopt the same schedule when a higher quality difference makes the consumers less sensitive to the flight frequency. It contributes to literatures on the application of two-dimensional product differentiation in air-travel market analysis.
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Jette-Nantel, Simon. "Implications of Off-Farm Income for Farm Income Stabilization Policies". UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/agecon_etds/15.

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This dissertation examines to what extent off-farm diversification may be an appropriate and accessible tool to mitigate the adverse effects from market failures and incompleteness in the crop and farm income insurance market. While the influence of the nonfarm sector has long been recognized as a primary force in shaping farm structure, off-farm income is rarely acknowledge as a risk management tool for operators and households of commercial farms. The dissertation develops a dynamic model that includes capital market imperfections, economies of scale in farm production, and the presence of adjustment costs in labor allocation decisions. The model provides a realistic characterization of the environment defining income and financial risks faced by farm operators, as well as the risk management alternatives available to them. It is found that introducing off-farm labor can substantially mitigate the adverse effects of farm income risk on farm operators' and households' welfare, even for larger commercial farms. However, the diversification of labor by the main operator seems to impose labor and managerial constraints that can reduce the intensity and technical efficiency of the farm production. Alternatively, diversification at the household level through the allocation of spousal labor off the farm provides benefits in mitigating the adverse effects of farm income risk on farm production and efficiency, and on operators and households welfare. It thus provides an efficient risk management alternative that is consistent with most rationales that are invoked to justify farm policies. Results suggest that the increasing incidence and importance of off-farm income within the farm population of most OECD countries is highly relevant in the design of effective farm policies This form of diversification can reduce the need and effectiveness of farm income stabilization polices. While it has been argued elsewhere that broader economic policies had a large influence in closing the income gap between farm and urban households, such policies may also have a role to play in addressing farm income risk issues and, in some cases, may represent more sustainable and efficient policy alternatives.
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Chaqchaq, Othmane. "Fixed Income Modeling". Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192372.

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Besides financial analysis, quantitative tools play a major role in asset management. By managing the aggregation of large amount of historical and prospective data on different asset classes, it can give portfolio allocation solution with respect to risk and regulatory constraints. Asset class modeling requires three main steps, the first one is to assess the product features (risk premium and risks) by considering historical and prospective data, which in the case of fixed income depends on spread and default levels. The second is choosing the quantitative model, in this study we introduce a new credit model, which unlike equity like models, model default as a main feature of fixed income performance. The final step consists on calibrating the model. We start in this study with the modeling of bond classes and study its behavior in asset allocation, we than model the capital solution transaction as an example of a fixed income structured product.
Förutom finansiell analys, kvantitativa verktyg spelar en viktig roll i kapitalförvaltningen också. Genom att hantera sammanläggning av stora mängder historiska och framtida uppgifter om olika tillgångsklasser kan dessa verktyg ge placeringslösning med avseende på risk och regulatoriska begränsningar. Tillgångsklass modellering kräver tre huvudsteg: Den första är att utvärdera produktens funktioner (riskpremie och risker) genom att beakta historiska och framtida uppgifter, som i fallet med fast inkomst beror på spridning och normalnivåer. Den andra är att välja den kvantitativa modellen. I denna studie presenterar vi en ny kreditmodell, som till skillnad från aktieliknande modeller, utformar "standard" som det viktigaste inslaget i Fixed Income prestanda. Det sista steget består i att kalibrera modellen. Vi börjar denna studie med modellering av obligationsklasser och med att studera dess beteende i tillgångsallokering. Sedan, modellerar vi kapital lösning transaktionen som ett exempel på en fast inkomst strukturerad produkt.
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Kamari, Hawraz, i Groop Jonatan. "Motherhood and Income : A study on how motherhood affects women’s income". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-49526.

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This paper explores the income effect which motherhood has on women, using (American) Census data. The hypothesis states that the income effect is negative. Previous studies have shown that indeed children lower the income of women and that it is decreased with every additional child. We test our hypothesis using data from the Census Bureau from the year 2018, consisting of over 800 000 answers, and running multiple regressions to measure the effect which the number of children have on a woman’s income. As predicted, the results indicate that our hypothesis is true with a 26% decline in income when a woman has one or more children. Marriage has a negative effect on income while completing higher levels of education raises it.
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Książki na temat "Income"

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Great Britain. Board of Inland Revenue. Foreign income, property income. London: Inland Revenue, 2002.

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Great Britain. Board of Inland Revenue. Foreign income, property income. London: Inland Revenue, 2002.

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Canada. Statistics Canada. 1991 Census. Income. Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 1991.

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Canada, Statistics. Income. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1994.

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Feenberg, Daniel. Income inequality and the incomes of very high income taxpayers: Evidence from tax returns. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1992.

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Feenberg, Daniel. Income inequality and the incomes of very high income taxpayers: Evidence from tax returns. Cambridge, Mass: Dept. of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992.

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Campbell, John Y. Permanent income, current income, and consumption. Cambridge, MA (1050 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge 02138): National Bureau of Economic Research, 1987.

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Eurostat, red. Agricultural income: Sectoral income index analysis. Luxembourg: Office forr Official Publications of the European Communities, 1989.

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Ramos, Xavi. Subjective income expectations and income risk. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2006.

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McAteer, William A. Income tax. Dublin: Institute of Taxation in Ireland, 2000.

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Części książek na temat "Income"

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Murdock, M. Casey. "Income". W Tax Insight, 25–34. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4738-8_3.

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Murdock, M. Casey. "Income". W TAX INSIGHT, 25–34. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-0629-4_3.

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Murdock, M. Casey. "Income". W TAX INSIGHT, 25–34. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-6311-1_3.

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Lucey, Thomas A., Mary Frances Agnello i James Duke Laney. "Income". W A Critically Compassionate Approach to Financial Literacy, 21–40. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-130-4_2.

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Usher, D. "Income". W The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 6163–64. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_805.

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Usher, D. "Income". W The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–3. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_805-1.

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Officer, Lawrence H. "Income". W A New Balance of Payments for the United States, 1790–1919, 211–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66099-4_12.

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Bundey, John. "Income". W United Kingdom Balance of Payments, 54–68. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-99584-4_5.

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Tillmann, Georg. "Income Equality and Income Taxation". W Models and Measurement of Welfare and Inequality, 396–418. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79037-9_22.

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Amiel, Yoram, i Frank A. Cowell. "Income Transformation and Income Inequality". W Advances in Econometrics, Income Distribution and Scientific Methodology, 209–32. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93641-8_10.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Income"

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Yıldırım, Zal, i İlkay Şendeniz Yüncü. "Income Inequality, Finance, and Economic Growth Relationships". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c15.02813.

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Since the early 1980s, income inequality has risen between and within countries in the neo-liberal era. In literature, there are different views on the relationship of financial sector and the real economy with income inequality. Two main hypotheses in the literature regarding this relationship are as follows: The first hypothesis claims that developments in financial sector can only benefit people with higher incomes. Those with higher incomes can offer collateral and are more likely to repay loans, while those with low-income levels may have difficulty in getting loans, and this may increase inequality. The second hypothesis argues that the growth of the financial sector can provide previously excluded low-income individuals with access to credit. This hypothesis suggests that income inequality decreases when financial markets are developed. This study presents the income inequality, finance, and growth relationships via panel data methodology. Our dataset consists of emerging markets, and our data source is the World Bank database. Our study contributes to the existing literature with its results, which give evidence of a negative relationship between income inequality and economic growth with policy implications. Specific policies toward the financial sector and the real sector would be implemented for poverty alleviation.
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Lei, Tian, i Huang Hai. "Income, income gap, and employment under public investment". W 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5882155.

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Tekola Jemberu, Etsub. "Financial Development and Distribution of Income in Low Income and Lower-Middle-Income Countries". W 9th International Conference on New Ideas in Management, Economics and Accounting. Acavent, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/9th.imeaconf.2021.10.09.

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Navickė, Jekaterina, i Romas Lazutka. "Functional and personal income distribution in the baltics: comparison of national and households accounts". W Business and Management 2016. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2016.38.

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In this paper we aim to cover the gap in analysis of functional distribution of National income at the macroeconomic level and personal income distribution at the microlevel. We compare the information provided in the National Accounts and in the EU Survey on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) for the three Baltic states and in a wider EU context to establish the links between the economic prosperity at the macro level and income distribution at individual level. Comparative design helps identify differences in income structure and inequality within similar socio-economic conditions. As demonstrated, similar levels of per capita disposable incomes in the National Accounts in the Baltics hide higher levels of income inequality than conventionally shown in the EU-SILC. This is to a large degree due to high level of under-reporting of property income and is most acute for Lithuania.
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Kang, Chengwen, i Xuezhen Kang. "Poverty Alleviation’s Effects on Income Inequality and Income Growth". W Fifth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201211.017.

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Varga, Erzsebet Terez. "COMPARISON OF SEPARATED FAMILIES’ STANDARD OF LIVING IN GERMANY Analyzing the Equalised Incomes in Simulated Families after Child Support and Child Benefit Paid". W 36th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2022-0084.

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In this paper, I describe the inequality in the standard of living in Germany after divorce and compare their risk of poverty. The one-parent families have the highest poverty risk everywhere in the world. In Germany, a directive is available for anybody to determine the child support geared to the non-custodial parent’s disposable income. Assuming that the non-custodial parent pays child support following this directive of düsseldorfer tables I found deep differences in the equalised incomes of the divorced households in simulated cases. Equalised incomes were determined by two types of the OECD scales to make comparable the different composed families’ incomes. Both methods result in fewer life standards for one-parent households in more than 83 % of the cases, however, the risk of poverty is not higher for the custodial parent’s household. This indicates some modification in the directive: the respect of the custodial parent’s income and/or correction of the amounts in the tables mainly on the higher income categories.
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Cristafovici, Profira. "Income, consumption expenditure and food consumption". W Economic Security in the Context of Systemic Transformations, 3rd Edition. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/escst2023.08.

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In the current socio-economic context of crisis, accompanied by the significant increase in prices, major concerns are imposed to ensure the well-being of the population, both in the Republic of Moldova and in other states. The well-being of the population, in turn, is determined by the interconnection between income and consumption. A higher level of the population's income leads to higher consumption, and the discrepancies between the incomes of different social categories affect their security and quality of life. The security and quality of people's lives also depends on the purchasing power of households, the quantitative value of consumption, its structure and quality, as well as the assimilated and promoted conceptions of consumption, the social policy of the state. In this paper, the income and consumption expenditure situation of the population in the Republic of Moldova is analyzed based on documentation from statistical sources, as well as other secondary sources of information. Also, the analysis of food consumption of basic products in the Republic of Moldova in comparison with Romania is carried out. The research showed that in the Republic of Moldova the incomes of the population, compared to neighboring countries, are at a lower level, 41% being spent, according to the family budget research, for food consumption. In general, the level of provision of the population with basic food products is appreciated as satisfactory, but there are significant gaps between different categories of consumers, which requires the support of these categories by the state and society.
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Uygur, Ercan. "Savings and Incomes of Households and Inclusive Growth". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01446.

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This paper has three aims. The first is to explore the savings behavior of different income groups of households, with an emphasis on those with low incomes. This is achieved by going through the Household Budget Surveys (HBS) in some developing and developed countries. The HBSs reveal that the majority of poor sections of the societies do not save or have negative savings. The second aim of the paper is to explain the economic and social aspects of the savings behaviour of income groups, particularly those with low incomes. The paper explains that the “no saving/dissaving” behaviour of the low income groups and the resultant factors create economic and social problems. In this context, the paper also dwells on wealth distribution and issues of inclusive growth. The third aim of this paper is to examine policies implemented to encourage savings in general and savings of the low income groups in particular. To this end, policies pursued in some developing and developed countries are evaluated with reference to inclusive growth.
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Li, Yong-chen, Qi Zhang i Xi Cao. "The analysis of comprehensive income indication present in income statement". W 2011 IEEE 18th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icieem.2011.6035146.

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Sinkovic, Z., i L. Pribisalic. "Taxation of Cryptocurrencies with Income Tax and Corporate Income Tax". W 2022 45th Jubilee International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology (MIPRO). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/mipro55190.2022.9803705.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Income"

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Feenberg, Daniel, i James Poterba. Income Inequality and the Incomes of Very High Income Taxpayers: Evidence from Tax Returns. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, grudzień 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4229.

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Krebs, Tom, Pravin Krishna i William Maloney. Income Mobility, Income Risk and Welfare. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, lipiec 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23578.

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Campbell, John, i N. Gregory Mankiw. Permanent Income, Current Income, and Consumption. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, listopad 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2436.

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Akee, Randall, Maggie Jones i Sonya Porter. Race Matters: Income Shares, Income Inequality, and Income Mobility for All U.S. Races. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, sierpień 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23733.

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Ettlinger, Michael, i Jordan Hensley. Employment Income Drops in More Low-Income Than High-Income Households in All States. University of New Hampshire Libraries, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2020.400.

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Brewer, Mike, Luke Sibieta i Liam Wren-Lewis. Racing away? Income inequality and the evolution of high incomes. Institute for Fiscal Studies, styczeń 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2008.0076.

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Joyce, Robert, Stuart Adam, Andrew Hood i David Phillips. Labour’s proposed income tax rises for high-income individuals. Institute for Fiscal Studies, maj 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2017.bn0209.

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Hoynes, Hilary, Douglas Miller i David Simon. Income, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and Infant Health. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, lipiec 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18206.

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Xu, Xiaowei, Robert Joyce i Stuart Adam. Labour’s proposed income tax rises for high-income individuals. Institute for Fiscal Studies, listopad 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2019.bn0265.

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Atkinson, A. B. Colonial income taxpayers and top incomes in Central Africa: Historical evidence. Unknown, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii179.

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