Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Impact of tourism (China”
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Su, Xiao Yan. "Tourism in China: A Study of its Impact on Economy, Culture and Society". Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (styczeń 2013): 2723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.2723.
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With rapid development of tourism industry in China, more and more literature study on tourist impacts attracts scholars’ research interests, especially tourist impacts on destinations. Tourism impacts mainly include four aspects, which are economy, culture, society, and environment. In China, it refers mainly to the former three fields. This article describes the positive and negative impacts of these three fields in China.
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Shi, Kehan, Jinfang Wang, Xiaojin Liu i Xiaoying Zhao. "Impact of high-speed rail on tourism in China". PLOS ONE 17, nr 12 (8.12.2022): e0276403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276403.
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The “time-space compression” effect of high-speed rail (HSR) has effectively improved the accessibility of the cities and has had a profound impact on tourism. This study explores the impact of HSR on tourism development in cities along HSR lines from the perspective of transfer of transport advantages, then evaluates the impact of HSR on tourism development using panel data of 286 cities in China from 2005 to 2013 by the difference-in-differences (DID) method. The empirical results show that the opening of HSR has significantly increased the tourism revenue and tourist arrivals. These results are still holds after considering endogenous HSR lines placement, and by various robustness checks. Further analysis of nodal effect shows that node cities experienced greater growth in tourism revenue than non-node cities. The analysis of mechanism found that tourism development in node cities relied on hotel industry, while tourism development in non-node cities relied on scenic spots industry. The findings of this study validate the role of HSR as a catalyst for urban tourism development, and reveal the comparative advantages of tourism in different cities under the influence of HSR. This study has important reference value for the development of tourism industry policies in cities along and around HSR lines.
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Hong, Yan, Gangwei Cai, Zhoujin Mo, Weijun Gao, Lei Xu, Yuanxing Jiang i Jinming Jiang. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourist Satisfaction with B&B in Zhejiang, China: An Importance–Performance Analysis". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, nr 10 (25.05.2020): 3747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103747.
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After the outbreak of COVID-19 (especially in the stage of tourism recovery), the bed and breakfast (B&B) tourism industry faced big challenges in improving its health strategies. B&Bs are very important for the tourism industry in China and many other countries. However, few studies have studied the impact of B&Bs, under COVID-19, on tourism in China. Our paper is among one of the first studies to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on tourist satisfaction with B&Bs in China. The work/travel restrictions started from 20 January 2020, and work/after travel resumed from 20 February 2020 in Zhejiang, China. Data were collected from 588 tourists (who experienced B&Bs in Zhejiang, China) from a WeChat online survey, from 1 March to 15 March 2020. The current study attempted to fill the gap by studying the changing tourist satisfaction levels with B&Bs before/after COVID-19. Moreover, some suggestions are given to the B&B industry for tourism resumption after COVID-19 by an importance–performance analysis (IPA).
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Parfinenko, Anatoliy. "Tourism between politically divided nations: the role of tourist contacts in the transformation of Taiwan-China relations". Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, nr 39 (16.06.2019): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2019.39.83-91.
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The article is devoted to the study of the features of the impact of tourism on the interaction of split nations. The focus is on the evolution of mobility regimes between China and Taiwan and their impact on the transformation of bilateral relations. The political processes that preceded the development of tourist contacts in the Taiwan Strait have been highlighted, the influence of tourist interaction on the establishment of peace and political stability in the region as well as the integration of China and Taiwan into a single tourist area have been explored. The main stages of the transformation of the foreign policy component of the tourism policy of China and Taiwan are traced. It is argued that China's tourism policy during the last ten years (2008-2018) has been accompanied by the active use of tourist flows as an instrument of economic, cultural and political integration of Taiwan. This was made possible by establishing direct transport links, visa liberalization, and the possibility of individual tourist trips to Taiwan. Such an activity led to the politicization of economic and tourism cooperation with China in Taiwan society, influenced the electoral process that became implicit in the «Sunflower Movement» in 2014. Freedom of travel for Chinese tourists to Taiwan has become a revolutionary transformation not only in the tourism industry on the island, but also a symbol of the transformation of relations between the two shores of the Taiwan Strait. It is concluded that China's tourism policy to create a spatial mobility regime with Taiwan is oriented towards the use of tourism as a global actor of economic and cultural integration, as well as foreign economic and political pressure.
Keywords: «divided nations», Taiwan-China relations, tourism, tourism policy.
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Xu, Boyang, i Daxin Dong. "Evaluating the Impact of Air Pollution on China’s Inbound Tourism: A Gravity Model Approach". Sustainability 12, nr 4 (15.02.2020): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041456.
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China’s inbound tourism grew very slowly in recent years. This study modelled China’s inbound tourism based on a gravity model with province-level inbound tourist arrivals data from 13 countries of origin between 2010 and 2016. It was found that air pollution in tourist destinations and origin regions both had significant negative impacts on China’s inbound tourism. On average, if the concentration of particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less (PM 2.5 ) in China and foreign countries increased by 1 μ g/m 3 , inbound tourist arrivals would decline by approximately 1.7% and 3.8%, respectively. The effect of pollution in destination regions is explained by the importance of clean air as a favored characteristic of tourist attractions. The effect of pollution in tourist origin countries is explained by more awareness of and concern about air pollution by potential tourists if they live in more polluted countries. Further analysis showed that the impact of air pollution in destination regions was larger for tourists coming from more polluted and Asian countries, and visiting less polluted and more popular destinations. This study has a clear policy implication: improving air quality can be considered as a straightforward and effective way to promote inbound tourism in China. If air quality in China can be substantially improved in the future, inbound tourist arrivals have the potential to rise by at least tens of millions of person-times.
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Wang, Huiling, i Junmin Xi. "The Determinant of Inbound Tourism in China". International Journal of Business and Management 11, nr 2 (25.01.2016): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n2p205.
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<p class="Normal1">We estimate the factors of inbound tourism in China by using a panel gravity model equation of 178 origin countries from 1995 to 2012. We find the cultural dummy variables like common language, common border and religion driving the tourism flows to China. Besides, the climate variables like annual average temperature and cloud cover play a significant factors in affecting the tourist arrivals in China. An interesting result we have found that, cloud has a positive and negative relationship in country of destination and origin respectively implying that, cloudy variable in the country of origin has a negative impact on international tourist flows in China. In the contrary, cloud variable is observed positive relation in China. </p>
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Liu, Ligang, Yang Zhou i Xiao Sun. "The Impact of the Wellness Tourism Experience on Tourist Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Tourist Satisfaction". Sustainability 15, nr 3 (18.01.2023): 1872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15031872.
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On the basis of the bottom-up spillover theory, this study explores the influence of the wellness tourism experience on tourists’ well-being. Considering wellness tourists as the research participants, tourist satisfaction, gender, and age were selected as the mediating and moderating variables, respectively, to study the mechanism between the wellness tourism experience and tourist well-being. A questionnaire survey was sent to 445 participants who engaged in wellness tourism in China, and an empirical analysis was conducted using the structural equation model. The results showed that the entertainment, esthetic, and escape experience of wellness tourism can significantly affect tourists’ hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Tourist satisfaction, as a mediating variable, can enhance the positive impact of the wellness tourism experience on tourist well-being. Moreover, gender and age have a significant moderating effect on the relationship among wellness tourism experience, tourist satisfaction, and tourist well-being. This study enriches the current scholarship in the fields of the wellness tourism experience and tourist well-being and provides a theoretical basis and scientific decision-making reference for wellness tourism enterprises and tourism management departments.
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Zhang, Wenwen, i Yi-Bin Chiu. "Globalization, Country Risks, and Trade in Tourism Services: Evidence from China". Sustainability 12, nr 14 (21.07.2020): 5869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145869.
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This study applies the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to examine the impacts of globalization and country risks on China’s tourism service trade over the period 1984–2015. The results reveal that in the long run, globalization has a significant negative impact on tourism service exports and tourism service trade balances, while a significant positive impact on tourism service imports. In the short run, globalization has a significant negative impact on tourism service imports, while a significant positive impact on tourism service exports and trade balances. Country stability could roughly mitigate these negative and positive impacts of globalization on tourism service trade in both the short and long run. Moreover, the speed of adjustment from the short run to long run equilibrium path is relatively fast. These results are important for China’s policy makers when formulating a strategy for the development of tourism service trade.
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Ji, Qi. "Study on the Influence of Tourism Activities on Nature Reserves in China and Its Countermeasures". Learning & Education 9, nr 2 (10.11.2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/l-e.v9i2.1429.
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China’s “industrial restructuring” has expanded the proportion of the tertiary industry in the economy and promoted the development of local tourism. The ongoing “industrial structure upgrading” is intended to make the industry bigger and stronger, which will promote the growth of local tourism. As a tourist resort, nature reserves have been attracting a large number of tourists and have great development potential and economic value. Under this situation, various management agencies of nature reserves have successively carried out tourism activities and carried out tourism development and construction. However, there is no doubt that both tourism activities and development will have an impact on the ecological system of nature reserves. The existing legal system of nature reserves in China emphasizes the prohibition of behaviors that directly destroy the ecological environment and ignores the impact of human tourism activities. The continuous increase in the number of tourism in our country, brought on nature reserves of rich tourist income at the same time, a large number of facts show that tourism has become a source of environmental pollution, so it is necessary for tourism environmental pollution the main way to do a summary and its particularity, summing up the basic law of tourism affect the environment, thus provide the basis for strengthening the environmental protection from the point of view of tourism management. The emergence and development of tourism culture is inseparable from the influence of the environment, and tourism culture also affects the environment. The negative effects and negative effects of tourism culture development on the environment are becoming more and more evident, which has aroused people’s general concern. In recent years, the negative impact of tourism and cultural activities on the environment has been paid much attention to by many scholars at home and abroad. This paper discusses the impact of tourism activities on nature reserves, and discusses the causes of this problem, so as to analyze the strategies to ensure the harmony and order of nature reserves in tourism activities.
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Xu, Xiaowei, Daxin Dong, Yilun Wang i Shiying Wang. "The Impacts of Different Air Pollutants on Domestic and Inbound Tourism in China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, nr 24 (15.12.2019): 5127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245127.
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Previous studies have reported that air pollution negatively affects the tourism industry. This paper attempted to answer the following question: among different air pollutants, which one acts as the most adverse factor? The study was based on a sample of panel data covering 337 Chinese cities for the period between 2007 and 2016. Four pollutant indicators were inspected: PM 2 . 5 (particulate matter 2.5 micrometers or less in size), PM 10 (particulate matter 10 micrometers or less in size), SO 2 (sulfur dioxide), and NO 2 (nitrogen dioxide). It was found that PM 2 . 5 had a significantly negative impact on both domestic and inbound tourist arrivals. Regarding the other three pollutant indicators, except for the negative influence of NO 2 on inbound tourist arrivals, no statistically significant impact was found. This study suggests that tourism policy makers should primarily focus on PM 2 . 5 , when considering the nexus between air quality and tourism development. According to our estimates, the negative impact of PM 2 . 5 on tourism is substantial. If the PM 2 . 5 concentration in the ambient air increases by 1 μ g/m 3 (= 0.001 mg/m 3 ), domestic and inbound tourist arrivals will decline by 0.482% and 1.227%, respectively. These numbers imply an average reduction of 81,855 person-times in annual domestic tourist arrivals and 12,269 in inbound tourist arrivals in each city.
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Masjud, Yunita Ismail. "Demand Model of China’s Outbound Tourist". JAAF (Journal of Applied Accounting and Finance) 3, nr 2 (30.09.2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33021/jaaf.v3i2.810.
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This research objective was to find out the impact of resident income, tourism prices, exchange rate, and bilateral trade in goods towards China's outbound tourism trips. This research used the data from research that done by Yi (2018) and used the China Statistical Yearbook to obtained bilateral trade volume and total number of domestic trips from 2006-2015. Panel data in multiple regression model was used to analyzed the outbound tourism demand in China. The results showed that all variables had significant influence partially towards China’s outbound tourist trips, except travel price. Simultaneously all variables had significant influence towards China's outbound tourist trips.
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Zhang, Jun, i Youhai Lu. "Exploring the Effects of Tourism Development on Air Pollution: Evidence from the Panel Smooth Transition Regression Model". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 14 (11.07.2022): 8442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148442.
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Based on the theoretical framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), this study investigates whether tourism development can decrease air pollution. This study applies the panel smooth transition regression approach and panel data for 2005–2019 from 283 prefecture-level cities in China to examine the nonlinear effect of tourism development on PM2.5, emissions. Our results reveal that the effects of tourism on PM2.5, emissions vary according to the modes of tourist arrivals. At the national level, the effect of tourism on PM2.5 emissions exhibits an inverted-U shape. At the regional level, tourism exerts a U-shaped impact on PM2.5 emissions in eastern China, and tourism is nonlinearly negatively associated with PM2.5 emissions in central and western China. An important theoretical contribution of our study is the proposal and validation of the U-shaped tourism-induced EKC hypothesis.
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Xu, Hong, Xixi You i Yuqing Liu. "Tourists' socially responsible consumption: Concept and scale development". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 47, nr 11 (5.11.2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8553.
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Tourism consumption has been steadily increasing in China, as has its impact on society, the economy, and the environment; thus, it is necessary to promote socially responsible consumption among tourists. Our primary objective was to develop a scale to measure tourists' socially responsible consumption intention in China. We identified 5 dimensions that we labeled as safeguarding rights and interests, moderating consumption, promotion of local residents' income, respecting local cultures, and conserving resources. Our scale has the same basic principles as more general socially responsible consumption: maximizing the positive impacts of tourism on the environment, economy, and society, and minimizing the negative impacts. The scale was designed mainly for use at the tourism destination, which is an unfamiliar environment for the tourist. Implications of the findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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Saheed, Rafit, Nauman Ahmed i Armaghan Khan. "Evaluating the Impact of Hazara Motorway on Tourism Growth Under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor in Hazara Region, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan". Global Political Review VI, nr II (30.06.2021): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(vi-ii).07.
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The objective of this research is to evaluate the outcome of Hazara Motorway on Tourism Expansion because of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) in Hazara region. This research used primary data collected through a questionnaire from the 120 tourists regarding their response on factors associated with future expectations of tourism industry growth in Hazara region under CPEC due to Hazara motorway using a purposive simple random sampling technique. The study used logistic regression for analysis. The regression results show that tourists' expectation of tourism growth under CPEC is positively and significantly associated with the occupation of the respondent, availability of rooms, tourist will come due to Hazara CPEC motorway, increase in tourism under CPEC, tourism growth, and tourism and hospitality infrastructure is enough to meet the tourist demand. The study concludes that in the future, the demand of tourism will progress under the CPEC, the specially Hazara motorway will play its part in lifting local tourism.
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Dong, Daxin, Xiaowei Xu, Hong Yu i Yanfang Zhao. "The Impact of Air Pollution on Domestic Tourism in China: A Spatial Econometric Analysis". Sustainability 11, nr 15 (1.08.2019): 4148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154148.
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This study utilizes a spatial econometric model to analyze the impact of air pollution on domestic tourism in China. Based on a panel dataset covering 337 cities from 2004–2013, this study derives the following findings. (1) Air pollution significantly reduces domestic tourist arrivals in the local city. On average, if the concentration of PM 2.5 (particulate matter equal to or less than 2.5 micrometers in width) in one city increases by 1 μ g/m 3 , the number of domestic tourists to the city declines by 0.7%. (2) Air pollution demonstrates significant spatial spillover effects. If the PM 2.5 in other cities simultaneously increases by 1 μ g/m 3 , the number of domestic tourists traveling to the local city rises by 4.1%. (3) The magnitude of the spillover effects of air pollution is larger than the negative direct effects on local cities. This study suggests that enhancing air quality in the local area will effectively promote the domestic tourism industry in the local city. In addition, it is implied that a simultaneous improvement in the air quality in all cities might not lead to an increase in the number of domestic tourist arrivals. Thus, in order to deal with the spillover effects of air pollution on the domestic tourism industry, local governments should make efforts to develop cross-city or cross-region tourism.
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Teng, Ying, Zhenzhong Ma i Lei Jing. "Explore the World Responsibly: The Antecedents of Ethical Tourism Behaviors in China". Sustainability 13, nr 9 (27.04.2021): 4907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094907.
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While ethical tourism is becoming more important in the tourist industry, relatively little is known about ethical tourism in China and what motivates Chinese tourists to undertake ethical tourism. This study examines this issue by adopting the planned behavior theory to explore the impact of Chinese tourists’ personal factors, positive social influence, image of destination and quality of services on their behavioral intentions in order to better understand what motivate Chinese tourists to participate ethical tourism. The results show that knowledge of ethical tourism, attitude toward ethical tourism, influences from family and friends, and local environment of the destinations are the key factors that drive Chinese tourists to undertake ethical tourism. In addition, service customization, service support and past experiences with ethical tourism are also important determinants of tourists’ satisfaction with ethical tourism, which further affects Chinese tourists’ intention to visit. Implications for ethical tourism marketing and management are then discussed with reference to how to promote more ethical tourism.
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Zhao, Liang, Lifei Xu, Ling Li, Jing Hu i Lin Mu. "Can Inbound Tourism Improve Regional Ecological Efficiency? An Empirical Analysis from China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 19 (27.09.2022): 12282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912282.
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Inbound tourism has an important impact on regional eco-efficiency. This paper uses the panel data of 31 provincial administrative units in China from 2005 to 2019; uses the improved DEA model to measure the regional ecological efficiency; and uses the panel threshold model to investigate input, output, and efficiency from the perspective of green technology innovation. Then, it explores the heterogeneous effects of inbound tourism on ecological efficiency. This paper finds that cross-border tourism has a positive impact on the ecological efficiency of tourist destinations. However, the degree of influence varies and will be changed with the level of regional green innovation. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) From an overall perspective, inbound tourism has a significant positive effect on ecological efficiency. (2) With the increase in green innovation investment and output, the promotion effect of inbound tourism on regional ecological efficiency first increases and then decreases. (3) The higher the green innovation efficiency, the greater the promotion effect of inbound tourism on ecological efficiency. Therefore, the Chinese government should encourage the development of inbound tourism, adopt greener innovative technologies that are cleaner and more environmentally friendly, and enhance the welfare effect of tourism on green economy.
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Zhu, Nina, Ya Luo, Feng Luo, Xue Li i Gang Zeng. "The spatial heterogeneity of the impact of PM2.5 on domestic tourism flows in China". PLOS ONE 17, nr 7 (29.07.2022): e0271302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271302.
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As haze pollution intensifies, its impact on tourism is becoming increasingly obvious. However, limited studies have analyzed the impacts of haze pollution on tourism. To explore the contribution rate and impact of PM2.5 pollution on tourism flows, panel data on 341 prefecture-level cities in China from 2001 to 2015 were used. The results illustrated that the changes in PM2.5 pollution and domestic tourism flows showed a similar partial-most anti-phase main spatial pattern in space, as well as other spatial patterns of PM2.5. From a regional perspective, the contribution rate of PM2.5 to domestic tourism flows was less than that of traditional factors, such as GDP, GDP_500, and 45A, but larger than that of the Airport factor. The contribution rate of the interaction between PM2.5 and 45A on domestic tourism flows was the largest. From a local perspective, PM2.5 pollution had a negative impact on domestic tourism flows in northern China, while it had a positive impact in other regions. The classic environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis showed applicability to the Chinese tourism industry, and the is of great significance for comprehensively understanding the impact of PM2.5 pollution on tourism flows and for promoting the sustainable development of domestic tourism.
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Yu, Hai Long, Chang Li Yu i Shan Shan Jiao. "Impacts on Herbaceous Plant Communities of the Tourism Exploitation in the Yellow River Wetland of Zhengzhou City, China". Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (grudzień 2014): 3059–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.3059.
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Because of the rapidly development of the tourism, the wetland has become the key resource for exploitation, which would result in variation of the factors and the wetland ecosystem. Among many ecological factors, herbaceous plant communities seem to be sensitive. Field investigation is an effective way to research the problems of the wetland. We analyzed the impacts on the herbaceous plant communities of the tourism exploitation in the Yellow River Wetland of Zhengzhou City based on the sample survey. It turns out: (1) Tourism activities affect the height of the herbaceous plant communities. The greater impact, the nearer the tourist route; (2) Tourism influence the coverage of the herbaceous plants; (3) It also effects the types and compositions of the herbaceous plant communities; (4) Tourism could promote the diversity of the herbaceous plant communities.
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Oteng Agyeman, Fredrick, Zhiqiang Ma, Mingxing Li, Agyemang Kwasi Sampene, Israel Adikah i Malcom Frimpong Dapaah. "Relevance of COVID-19 vaccine on the tourism industry: Evidence from China". PLOS ONE 17, nr 8 (24.08.2022): e0269200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269200.
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Background Vaccination is indeed one of the interventional strategies available to combat coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study emphasizes the relevance of citizens’ acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in assisting global recovery from the pandemic and aiding the tourism industries to return to normalcy. This study further presented the impact of COVID-19 on the tourism industry in China. Also, the study confirmed the past performance of tourism in China to the current tourism-related COVID-19 effects from a global perspective by employing Australia’s outbound tourism data from 2008 to 2020 on top 6 destinations, including China, Indonesia, New Zealand, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Methods Jeffrey’s Amazing Statistical Program (JASP) was used to analyze this study. The JASP statistical software was employed to accurately analyze the vaccines administered in China from December 15, 2020, to March 28, 2021. Results The study results demonstrate an overwhelming acceptance of vaccines in China which will positively and significantly impact the globe’s travel and tourism industries. Also, the study findings indicated that industries in tourism are hopeful of regaining the past losses. Further, the study results showed an enormous decline in death and new cases. Conclusion Vaccine acceptance is relevant for the eradication of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, neighborhood and individual-level acceptance of the vaccine will help reduce the challenges facing the tourism industries and the world. The researchers recommend that authorities should strictly check the vaccination certificates of visitors. Furthermore, hoteliers should put adequate measures to monitor all visitors who visit the various tourist destinations.
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Dong, Daxin, Xiaowei Xu i Yat Wong. "Estimating the Impact of Air Pollution on Inbound Tourism in China: An Analysis Based on Regression Discontinuity Design". Sustainability 11, nr 6 (20.03.2019): 1682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061682.
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Prior studies have suggested the existence of a reverse causality relationship between air quality and tourism development: while air quality influences tourism, dynamic segments of the tourism industry (e.g., cruising, airline, foodservice) have impacts on air quality. This reverse causality hinders a precise estimate on the effect of air pollution on tourism development within a conventional econometric framework, since the variable of air pollution is endogenous. This study estimates the impact of air pollution on the inbound tourism industry in China, by controlling for endogeneity based on a regression discontinuity design (RDD). The estimate is derived from a quasi-experiment generated by China’s Huai River Policy, which subsidizes coal for winter heating in northern Chinese cities. By analyzing data from 274 Chinese cities during the period 2009–2012, it is found that air pollution significantly reduces the international inbound tourism: an increase of PM 10 (particulate matter smaller than 10 μ m) by 0.1 mg/m 3 will cause a decline in the tourism receipts-to-local gross domestic product (GDP) ratio by 0.45 percentage points. This study also highlights the importance of controlling for endogeneity, since the detrimental impact of air pollution would otherwise be considerably underestimated. This study further demonstrates that, although air pollution is positively correlated with the average expenditure of each tourist, it substantially depresses the number of inbound tourists. The results imply that air quality could potentially influence inbound tourists’ city destination choices. However, it is interesting to note that travelers in air polluted cities in China tend to spend more money.
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Bo, Zhou, i Li Ningqiao. "The impact of high-speed trains on regional tourism economies". Tourism Economics 24, nr 2 (27.12.2017): 187–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816617749346.
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This article uses city-level panel data and difference-in-differences (DID) models to evaluate how China Railway High-speed (CRH) train accessibility impacts regional tourism economies in China. On average, CRH accessibility positively affects regional tourism economies, reflected in a 12% net increase in tourism revenue for a region. By dividing the database into different subsets, this study demonstrates that the significantly positive impacts only occur for regions where the overall level of accessibility is low. Moreover, this study reveals that among regions connected by CRH networks, the regions of which the levels of tourism development are comparatively low will experience a bigger jump in tourism economy than the regions of which the levels of tourism development are already high, and hence the dispersion effect of CRH networks is demonstrated. This study also concludes the lagged effects of CRH accessibility are much greater than its immediate effects. By virtue of these conclusions, this study suggests the ways for governments and tourism organizations to take advantage of the development of high-speed trains in China.
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Wang, Bojie, Siyuan He, Qingwen Min, Feng Cui i Guoping Wang. "Influence of Residents’ Perception of Tourism’s Impact on Supporting Tourism Development in a GIAHS Site: The Mediating Role of Perceived Justice and Community Identity". Land 10, nr 10 (22.09.2021): 998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10100998.
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How we scientifically measure residents’ perception of tourism developments and earn their understanding and support have an important impact on the scientific management and sustainable utilization of tourist attractions. This study analyzes the mediating role of perceived justice and community identity between residents’ perceptions of tourism’s impact and their support for tourism development by integrating the theories of social exchange theory (SET) and ‘cognition–affection–conation’ (CAC) relationship theory. We surveyed 334 interviewees in the Xinghua Duotian Agrosystem (XHDA), a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) site in Jiangsu Province, China. The findings of our study are as follows: (1) Residents’ perceptions had both a direct and indirect influence over behavioral intentions. Specifically, benefit perception of tourism had a significant positive influence, while cost perception had a significant negative influence on residents’ support for tourism development. (2) Perceived justice and community identity played an intermediary role in the relationship between tourism impact perception and support for tourism development. (3) The mediating role of emotions had strong effects on their behavioral intentions via its psychological transmission chain of perceptions. The results suggest that community-based tourism (CBT) may be an effective tool for local residents to diversify their livelihoods in the GIAHS site, and the mediating role of perceived justice and community identity should be taken seriously for the development of CBT in GIAHS sites.
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Zhang, Wei, Ziqiang Liu, Yujie Zhang, Elly Yaluk i Li Li. "The Impact of Air Quality on Inbound Tourist Arrivals over China Based on Grey Relational Analysis". Sustainability 13, nr 19 (2.10.2021): 10972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910972.
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Air pollution has a significant impact on tourism; however, research in this area is still limited. In this study, we applied grey relational analysis to panel data from 31 provinces in China and evaluated the relationship between air quality and inbound tourist arrivals. The study focused on provincial-level disparities for the different key air quality evaluation standards during 2009–2012 and 2013–2019. For instance, we considered PM10, SO2, NO2 and the excellent and good ratings of Air Pollution Index (API) during 2009–2012 and the additional PM2.5, CO, O3 and the excellent and good ratings of Air Quality Index (AQI) from 2013 to 2019. Results indicate that: (1) Inbound tourist arrivals are significantly and positively affected by ambient air quality, and the impact from 2013 to 2019 was greater than that from 2009 to 2012; (2) there is regional diversity in inbound tourist arrivals, and the impact of the different air quality indicators varies; (3) inbound tourists showed greater sensitivity to air pollution under the AQI standard; (4) the impact of air quality indicators on the inbound tourist arrivals shows grey relational order, and the concentration of PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 have less impact than NO2, CO and O3 on changes in tourism numbers; (5) consistency in the air quality impact on foreign tourists and compatriot tourists from HK, MO and TW varies by air quality indicators. This study highlights the need for appropriate measures to improve air quality for high-quality and sustainable development of inbound tourism.
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Jiang, Ting, Shaobing Zhuo, Chaozhi Zhang i Jun Gao. "The Impact of Institutions on the Evolution of Tourism Accommodation Format: Evidence from Wulingyuan, China". Sustainability 11, nr 10 (21.05.2019): 2882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102882.
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This paper examines the impact of institutions on evolution of tourism accommodation format in Wulingyuan, a well-known tourist destination in China, from the perspective of institutional cluster embeddedness. Data were primarily collected through interviews and participant observations. The findings show a five-stage evolution process starting from introduction (1982–1988), through growth (1989–2000), adjustment (2001–2004), and upgrade (2005–2010) to the current stage of individualization (2011–present). During the process, the informal institutions work to suppress, conflict with the formal institutions, yet transform into formal institutions in the end. In such a process, institutional loopholes and frictions are the norm, and tourism accommodation format evolves from extensive development to sustainable development. It suggests that the sustainable development of the tourism accommodation industry needs the synergy of formal and informal institutions.
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Chi, Xiaoting, Seul Ki Lee, Young-joo Ahn i Kiattipoom Kiatkawsin. "Tourist-Perceived Quality and Loyalty Intentions towards Rural Tourism in China". Sustainability 12, nr 9 (30.04.2020): 3614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093614.
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The growing interest in ruralism among Chinese people has been observed as China’s population in urban areas has exceeded its rural population. Rural tourism has become one of the leading tourism sectors in China, in large part because many of China’s popular tourist attractions are surrounded by rural communities. This study identified 12 dimensions of tourist-perceived quality. In addition, perceived value and satisfaction were used as mediators to explain the relationships between perceived quality and three dimensions of behavioral intentions (i.e., revisitation intention, positive word-of-mouth, and willingness to pay for special rural products). Furthermore, the moderating impact of urban versus rural residence was tested. A total sample of 495 was used for data analysis. Four tourist-perceived quality dimensions (i.e., tourism infrastructure and transportation, hospitality and learning, handicrafts and culture, and rural environment) were found. The results of this study demonstrated the empirical evidence of the relationship between perceived quality, perceived value, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions. Finally, the results showed a moderating effect. The findings of this study can contribute to increasing various behavioral intentions and sustainable rural tourism in China.
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ESQUIVIAS, Miguel Angel, Lilik SUGIHARTI, Hilda ROHMAWATI, Bekti SETYORANI i Angger ANINDITO. "TOURISM DEMAND IN INDONESIA: IMPLICATIONS IN A POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD". GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 37, nr 3 (30.09.2021): 951–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.37329-731.
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This study uses an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to investigate the role of incomes, relative price competitiveness, and substitution prices in tourism demand from Indonesia’s six largest countries of origin from 2007Q1 to 2019Q4. Income level, competitive prices, and substitution prices significantly impact the demand for tourism in Indonesia. Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, Japan, and India are income elastic, signaling that tourism is a luxury good, but China (normal good). Malaysia and China are price elastic while Japan, India, Singapore, and Australia are less affected by changes in relative prices. Substitute prices may drive tourist to other destinations if the change in prices is large.
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Qiang, Mengmeng, Manhong Shen i Huiming Xie. "Cultural diffusion and international inbound tourism: Evidence from China". Tourism Economics 25, nr 6 (16.11.2018): 884–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816618811211.
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Cultural diffusion is an important noneconomic determinant of tourism demand but has received less focus in the literature. This study seeks to address this gap by focusing on the impact of the Confucius Institute, an important institution of Chinese cultural diffusion, on inbound tourism to China. It is shown that the Confucius Institute positively contributes to the Chinese inbound tourism flows, even when the endogeneity of Confucius Institutes is considered. Moreover, the impact of the Confucius Institute on China’s inbound tourism has a lagged effect and regional heterogeneity. In addition, cultural distance is a mediating variable of the Confucius Institute on tourism demand. As cultural distance increases, the impact of the Confucius Institute on China’s international tourism flow first rises and then decreases.
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Su, Lujun, Yinghua Huang i Maxwell Hsu. "Unraveling the impact of destination reputation on place attachment and behavior outcomes among Chinese urban tourists". Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights 1, nr 4 (12.11.2018): 290–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhti-11-2017-0026.
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Purpose The impact of destination reputation on tourists’ behavior has not received sufficient attention in the tourism literature. Built upon the signaling theory and the well-documented stimulus-organism-response framework, the purpose of this paper is to propose and assess a theoretical model that captures relationships among destination reputation, place attachment, tourist satisfaction, and the search for alternative destinations. Design/methodology/approach Using the covariance-based structural equation modeling technique, this study empirically tested the conceptual model with a convenience sample of Chinese tourists who visited a popular coastal urban tourism destination in China. Findings Findings reveal that destination reputation positively impacts perceived place dependence, place identity, and tourist satisfaction. In addition, place dependence positively affects tourist satisfaction, but place identity has no significant impact on tourist satisfaction. As expected, tourist satisfaction negatively influences tourists’ search for alternative destinations; however, place identity positively influences tourists’ search for alternative destinations. Originality/value Few studies in the tourism literature explore the role of destination reputation in the tourist decision-making process. The present study’s unique contribution lies in its examination of destination reputation on tourists’ behavior. In addition, this study includes the search for alternative destinations as an important behavioral outcome into the proposed model. Some tourists explore alternative destinations even though they are willing to revisit and spread positive messages about the destination they already visited. Therefore, the continuous searching behavior is worthy of investigation in tourism studies.
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Shang, Guanghui, Xianfeng Chen i Lijun Liu. "Impact of perceived discrimination on travel intention". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 50, nr 9 (9.09.2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.11743.
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We took tourism as the research object and used structural equation modeling to examine the influence of perceived discrimination, loss of face, customer value, tourism intention, and sense of power on the consumption experience. Participants were 717 holidaymakers recruited from several major tourist attractions in China. The results were as follows: (a) Both loss of face and customer value had a mediating effect on the relationship between perceived discrimination and travel intention; (b) loss of face and customer value had a chain mediating effect on the relationship between perceived discrimination and travel intention; and (c) sense of power had a moderating effect on the relationships between perceived discrimination and loss of face, and between perceived discrimination and customer value. Suggestions are provided for practitioners to improve marketing performance.
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Shaukat, Sidra, Khadija Kanwal Khan i Sara Shokat. "Determinants of Tourism Arrivals in China". Review of Economics and Development Studies 8, nr 4 (31.12.2022): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/reads.v8i4.471.
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The aim of study has to investigate behavior of tourism under the threat of CO2 release in case of China. The research work employed Secondary time-series-data over the time duration 1996-2019. The research work used tourism arrivals as dependent and CO2 emission, GDP growth Rate, tourism expenditure and trade are used as independent variables. The study also applied OLS is applies for the findings. The results of OLS indicate that, positive impact of CO2 emission on tourism arrivals in China. It means that, tourism increase with the increase in CO2 emission. While other variables, like GDPGR, tourism expenditure, and trade are positively increasing the Tourism.
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Yang, Zhong Hong, Shu Yan Cao i Yang Yang. "Tourism: A High Ecological Impact Industry". Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (maj 2012): 3534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.3534.
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Touristic Ecological Footprint (TEF) is a new tool of measuring the direct and indirect ecological impact of tourism industry in the context of consumption. A review of 77 TEF papers, published in the literature during the period 2004-2011 in China indicated that tourism industry has higher ecological impact. The Equivalent Local Residents (ELR) of most Chinese destination areas’ TEF was larger than EF per local resident. Transport and food are responsible for the majority of TEF of long-haul and short-haul tourism respectively.
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Zhang, Tonghao, Ping Yin i Yuanxiang Peng. "Effect of Commercialization on Tourists’ Perceived Authenticity and Satisfaction in the Cultural Heritage Tourism Context: Case Study of Langzhong Ancient City". Sustainability 13, nr 12 (17.06.2021): 6847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126847.
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Although some studies claim that tourism commercialization can promote the authentic experience and behaviour of tourists, there is a lack of empirical support. The main purpose of this study is to identify whether tourism commercialization can positively impact tourists’ perceived authenticity and tourist satisfaction in the context of cultural heritage tourism. We divide tourism authenticity into objective authenticity, constructive authenticity, existential authenticity and postmodern authenticity and propose a relationship model of tourism commercialization, the four authenticities, tourist satisfaction and loyalty. A survey was conducted in Langzhong Ancient City, a representative millennium-old county in China. A total of 618 valid domestic tourist questionnaires were collected. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) suitable for theory development was used for the conceptual model validation. The results indicate that tourism commercialization positively affects objective, constructive, existential and postmodern authenticity and tourist satisfaction; the four authenticities positively affect tourist satisfaction, while only objective and existential authenticity and tourist satisfaction positively affect tourist loyalty. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Jia, Ma, Olga Vasilievna Ivlieva, Сhen Liu i Sayora Uralovna Tadjieva. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATE OF CHINESE REGIONS AS A KEY FACTOR OF THE DYNAMICS OF INCOMING INTERNATIONAL TOURISM (periods of formation and development of the tourism market in China)". Scientific Reports of Bukhara State University 5, nr 5 (30.12.2021): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52297/2181-1466/2021/5/5/16.
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Introduction. China is located in Central and East Asia. The vast territory of the state, covering the highest mountainous regions, vast deserts and coastal plains, determines the variety of natural conditions for tourism, as well as the border neighborhood with a large number of countries. China's seaside location is extremely advantageous in terms of tourism. At present, through the seas, China provides access to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region and the whole world. The sea and coastal areas are used to organize coastal tourism. Increasingly, China's maritime waters and ports are used for cruise tourism. China has an advantageous geographical position in relation to the segments of the world tourism market. It is surrounded by countries characterized by the active development of outbound tourism, which have a negative tourist balance - Japan, Taiwan, Republic of Korea. The article analyzes the differences in the development of inbound tourism in the cities of China, provides a theoretical basis for the development of inbound tourism in cities. The comparative method is used to analyze the current state of differences in the development of inbound tourism in the key tourist cities of China and a comparative study of the influence and role of regional and economic factors on the development of inbound tourism in cities of China. Methods. In the process of working on the article, first of all, such methods of scientific research as analysis and synthesis were used, which made it possible to determine the optimal balance of forces and means necessary for the development of international tourism in China. Through these methods, connections were established between individual events and facts. In addition, other general scientific methods were used: comparative analytical methods, methods of grouping and classification, general scientific methods of a systematic approach to the study of economic phenomena. Results and discussions. Provided statistics show that the current development of inbound tourism in China is very different, and the regional concentration is very noticeable. The cities with the best development of inbound tourism are mainly located in the eastern region, external economic factors have the greatest impact on the development of inbound tourism in cities, followed by tourism products and the influence of the location distance is less. Conclusion. Tourism development is not only a matter of the tourism sector. The development of inbound tourism is inextricably linked with external economic and trade factors, therefore, in the practice of developing inbound tourism in cities, it is necessary not only to focus on the development of tourism products, but also to develop foreign economic and trade activities and business tourism. An important factor is also the fact that actively developing tourism contributes to an increase in the number of jobs
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Yang, Jinkun, Haitao Ma i Lisheng Weng. "Transformation of Rural Space under the Impact of Tourism: The Case of Xiamen, China". Land 11, nr 6 (17.06.2022): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060928.
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Tourism plays a key role in sustaining economic development. Previous research has established the connections between tourism and urban growth, as well as the influence of tourism on population and social structure, and the impact of tourism on the landscape. Fewer studies have been conducted on the impact of tourism on the process of rural development change, especially how rural spatial transformation and local community development are driven through tourism. This paper investigates the link between tourism and rural spatial development in China, using in-depth interviews. The research demonstrates that the ambiguity of collective land ownership in China is a key factor in the process of village development. The transformation of villages from “production space” to “consumption space” is driven by tourism based on the land institution arrangement. It is hoped that this research will contribute to a deeper understanding that tourism should be valued in the future as part of the village development process, especially when tourism plays a long-term role in promoting village development.
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Moskvichova, Olena, Iryna Hryhoruk, Yuliia Marchenko i Yuliia Veretilnyk. "Global Development of International Tourism and Impact on the Economy of Ukraine". European Journal of Sustainable Development 10, nr 4 (1.10.2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n4p108.
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The article highlights the geopolitical aspects of the international tourism development in Ukraine as a global phenomenon that carries out economic, social and international and political action. In today's world, tourism has become a powerful industry, a huge complex in which the economic and social spheres are connected. The importance of tourism in international economic activity is constantly growing, and the market itself is acquiring new trends and features, affecting trade, transport and communications, agriculture and construction. The processes of globalization in the tourism market are characterized by changes in technology, modernization of transport infrastructure, internationalization of business activity and the creation of a regulatory mechanism. The potential of world tourist flows as factors of geopolitical influence is revealed, the structure of which reflects and influences the tendencies of international interaction. The main geopolitical factors influencing the dynamics and spatial organization of international tourist flows are structured. The world market of tourist services has a clear segmentation character. The main criteria for segmentation are motivational, age and regional ones. The general tendencies of development of the international tourism, a role and a place of Ukraine in the international tourist market are characterized. It is predicted that China will become the most popular tourist country in the near future. It is determined that due to the growth of intercontinental ties, which is based on the rapid development of vehicles and, above all, jet aircraft, as well as the desire of a significant number of people to visit the most remote and exotic corners of the Earth, tourism exchange between regions will develop more intensively than within regions. However, there is a growing tendency to increase the exchange of tourists between neighboring countries under conditions of normal relations between them and between countries with related languages. The main world events that have affected tourist flows in recent years are listed: Brexit, COVID-19, military actions in Eastern Ukraine and others. The analysis of international tourist flows in Ukraine was done, in particular their dynamics and spatial structure during 2010-2019 in the context of military-political aggression by Russia and the aggravation of Ukrainian-Russian interstate relations. It is established that the current dynamics of the international tourist flow in Ukraine is characterized by a sharp decrease in international visitors, slowing down the development of tourism and reformatting the spatial structure of the incoming and outgoing tourist flow. It is also noted that among the main factors hindering the development of the Ukrainian tourism industry are the unsatisfactory state of development of infrastructure and logistics of tourism, high prices, environmental and criminal risks, low innovation activity of tourism enterprises. It is concluded that international tourism is not only a passive participant in international relations, but also an active political actor who is able to act as a channel for establishing international trust and cooperation, a factor in maintaining political stability.
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Bilbil, Ebru Tekin. "The Role of the UNWTO in Visa Facilitation". International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management in the Digital Age 1, nr 1 (styczeń 2017): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijthmda.2017010102.
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In the last decade, many destinations made substantial improvements in their visa rules and procedures as reflected in the reports, as prepared by the UNWTO. This article first argues that the impact of the UNWTO on state behaviour in visa liberalization has become more significant in relation to the convergence of state's interests that are constrained with the conditions in the international environment, such as financial crises; and global political ties embodied within the international forums, such as the G20. Second, analysing the diverse impacts of the changing rules and procedures applied in visa policies on tourism indicators in the selected countries, this article argues how different rules and procedures produce different policy outcomes in tourist visas; and how this diversity generates different tourism indicators. The article suggests more diverse visa facilitation techniques (i.e., Turkey) to boost the impact of visa facilitation on inbound tourism (i.e., China and Russia).
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Guo, Tiantian, Jidong Wang i Chen Li. "Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Influencing Mechanism of Tourism Ecological Efficiency in China". Sustainability 14, nr 24 (15.12.2022): 16880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416880.
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Although the development of tourism has a positive impact on local employment and economic growth, the high level of energy consumption and emissions generated by tourism have also attracted increasing attention. Based on the concept of tourism eco-efficiency, this article constructs a comprehensive evaluation system for tourism eco-efficiency in China, and the study concludes that (1) China’s tourism eco-efficiency as a whole was in a fluctuating upward trend from 2002 to 2018, but different provinces of tourism eco-efficiency varied greatly, and the range of tourism eco-efficiency on spatial spill-over increased significantly; (2) the impact of tourism economic development on tourism eco-efficiency was not significant over time, and the impact of tourism eco-efficiency on the sustainable development of the tourism economy in the western region was weaker; (3) the contribution of tourism economic development to tourism eco-efficiency was low at the national level, with regional levels ranging from large to small for the western region, the central region, and the eastern region. The contribution of tourism eco-efficiency to the tourism economy was also low at the national level, with the central, eastern, and western regions ranked in descending order at the regional level.
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Li, Yiping. "The impact of tourism in China on local communities". Asian Studies Review 26, nr 4 (grudzień 2002): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10357820208713358.
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Gormsen, Erdmann. "The impact of tourism on regional change in China". GeoJournal 21, nr 1-2 (maj 1990): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00645319.
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Sun, Sunny, Lina Zhong, Rob Law, Xiaoya Zhang, Liyu Yang i Meiling Li. "A Proposed DISE Approach for Tourist Destination Crisis Management". Sustainability 14, nr 17 (3.09.2022): 11009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141711009.
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Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has had a huge impact on the global tourism industry over the past couple of years. Most previous studies investigated tourism crises after the pandemic period. Hence, to minimize the research gap, the present study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on tourism during the pandemic period. By assessing this impact, this paper proposes a D (big data) I (impact module) S (strategy module) E (evaluation module) model to cope with the crisis in order to bring about feasible implications for tourism practitioners and governments. This paper is to provide real-time destination management adjustments. This model is based on a crisis management framework and governance theory through retrieving big data from China Unicom and major travel information delivery sources. The major finding shows that the detailed time points of pandemic information release in the early stage of crisis. In conclusion, through proposing a DISE model, the present study assesses the impact of the major emergency public health crisis, assists destination managers in adjusting tourism-related policy and reflects the priority of recovering tourism after the crisis for effective tourist destination management.
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Sun, Qiong, i Zheng Liu. "Impact of tourism activities on water pollution in the West Lake Basin (Hangzhou, China)". Open Geosciences 12, nr 1 (16.11.2020): 1302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0119.
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AbstractThis paper introduced the development of tourism and its impact on the water environment. Then, taking the West Lake Basin as an example, the change of water quality in the basin between 2007 and 2018 and the changes of tourism population, tourism economic income, and tourism garbage between 2007 and 2018 through Hangzhou Tourism Bureau were investigated to analyze the impact of human tourism activities on the water environment of the West Lake Basin. The results showed that the change in curve trends of the comprehensive pollution index, number of tourists, tourism economic income, and tourism garbage in the West Lake Basin was similar, all rising; reasons for the increase of water pollution in the basin are that the increase in the number of tourists led to the increase of garbage and the government pursued the tourism economic benefits unilaterally and neglected the pollution brought by the tourism activities. Finally, we put forward three measures to reduce pollution.
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Liu, Jingjing, i Peter Nijkamp. "Inbound Tourism as a Driving Force for Regional Innovation: A Spatial Impact Study on China". Journal of Travel Research 58, nr 4 (16.05.2018): 594–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287518771223.
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Cross-border flows of people, capital, and information along with inbound tourism flows can act as an important vehicle that benefits the innovation system in tourism destination areas. This study addresses the unintended but far-reaching impact of international tourism by focusing on the influence of inbound tourism on regional innovation in China. Data from 30 Chinese provinces for the years 2003–2012 are used for the empirical analysis, employing a spatial panel data model. The results show that inbound tourism may be a new and powerful driving force for regional innovation, while the effect of inbound tourism on technological innovation appears to be weaker than that on social innovation. Our findings also show that a higher market percentage of domestic tourism may weaken the impact of inbound tourism. Furthermore, the impact of inbound tourism on innovation tends to be relatively stronger in the richer and more internationally oriented provinces of China.
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Pagliara, Francesca, Filomena Mauriello i Yin Ping. "Analyzing the Impact of High-Speed Rail on Tourism with Parametric and Non-Parametric Methods: The Case Study of China". Sustainability 13, nr 6 (19.03.2021): 3416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063416.
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High-speed rail (HSR) and tourism are closely related activities since improved mobility is perceived to facilitate tourist behavioral changes. The interest in research is very high and this contribution tries to provide an insight into this topic by making a comparison between the estimation of the parametric Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) approaches with the non-parametric Classification and Regression Tree (CART). A dataset containing information both on tourism and transport for thirty Chinese provinces, during the 2001–2017 period, has been collected. The finding of this paper shows that the presence of HSR has value in the explanation of tourist arrivals.
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Zhang, Fengtai, Xingyu Yang, Jianfeng Wu, Dalai Ma, Yuedong Xiao, Guofang Gong i Junyi Zhang. "How New Urbanization Affects Tourism Eco-Efficiency in China: An Analysis Considering the Undesired Outputs". Sustainability 14, nr 17 (30.08.2022): 10820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710820.
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In the context of the global Sustainable Development Goals, the study of tourism eco-efficiency (TE) becomes particularly important for the balance between environmental protection and economic development in tourist destinations. This paper improves the measurement method of tourism carbon emissions, uses the Super-SBM model of undesired output to measure China’s TE, and then explores the impact of new urbanization (NU) on TE. The results show that TE in China is in dynamic equilibrium in general, the agglomeration characteristics of efficiency changed from high in the east and low in the west to low in the south and high in the north, and developmental differences first increased and then decreased. NU development has a significant one-way positive impact on TE at the national level and in the eastern region. As far as impact, economic urbanization plays a great role, and ecological factors become more and more important. NU has a rapid and long-term impact on TE, and its contribution rate to developed economic regions can reach 35%. This study will provide an important reference for sustainable development of tourism under the trend of urbanization.
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Hou, Xinshuo. "Tourism Network Attention Variation of Chinese Cities under the COVID-19 Pandemic". Sustainability 14, nr 9 (24.04.2022): 5131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095131.
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At the end of 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic broke out globally and had a tremendous impact on tourism development in countries around the world. The rapid shift of tourism from “over-tourism” to “under-tourism”, threatening the future of the global economy and society, has generated considerable interest from academia and the policy community, but the impact of COVID-19 on tourism variation remains untested by empirical evidence. Based on the daily Baidu Index of 247 prefecture-level cities in China from 2018 to 2021, this study assessed the treatment effect of COVID-19 on tourism and analyzed its dynamic characteristics using the regression-discontinuity-design (RDD) method combined with tourism network attention (TNA) data. The results show that after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the level value of TNA dropped significantly by 2.12 (p < 0.10), and the difference value of TNA (TNA_diff) dropped significantly by 10.77 (p < 0.01), indicating that COVID-19 has a negative causal effect on tourism development, and its impact is more pronounced in major tourist source cities, with a coefficient of −14.91 (p < 0.01) corresponding to −4.57 (p < 0.01) for non-major tourist source cities when the dependent variable TNA_diff. The identification of dynamic effects further confirms that the negative impact of the pandemic on tourism network attention is fluctuating and persistent during the study period, with the two major “golden weeks” and peak season being the most severe. Compared to 2020, the TNA has generally shown an upward trend since 2021, indicating signs of a rebound in the vitality of resident tourism, which is conducive to the healthy development of the tourism market.
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Hou, Xinshuo. "Tourism Network Attention Variation of Chinese Cities under the COVID-19 Pandemic". Sustainability 14, nr 9 (24.04.2022): 5131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095131.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
At the end of 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic broke out globally and had a tremendous impact on tourism development in countries around the world. The rapid shift of tourism from “over-tourism” to “under-tourism”, threatening the future of the global economy and society, has generated considerable interest from academia and the policy community, but the impact of COVID-19 on tourism variation remains untested by empirical evidence. Based on the daily Baidu Index of 247 prefecture-level cities in China from 2018 to 2021, this study assessed the treatment effect of COVID-19 on tourism and analyzed its dynamic characteristics using the regression-discontinuity-design (RDD) method combined with tourism network attention (TNA) data. The results show that after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the level value of TNA dropped significantly by 2.12 (p < 0.10), and the difference value of TNA (TNA_diff) dropped significantly by 10.77 (p < 0.01), indicating that COVID-19 has a negative causal effect on tourism development, and its impact is more pronounced in major tourist source cities, with a coefficient of −14.91 (p < 0.01) corresponding to −4.57 (p < 0.01) for non-major tourist source cities when the dependent variable TNA_diff. The identification of dynamic effects further confirms that the negative impact of the pandemic on tourism network attention is fluctuating and persistent during the study period, with the two major “golden weeks” and peak season being the most severe. Compared to 2020, the TNA has generally shown an upward trend since 2021, indicating signs of a rebound in the vitality of resident tourism, which is conducive to the healthy development of the tourism market.
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Kang, Jiayu, Xuejun Duan, Wei Yan i Zhiyuan Ma. "Spatial Differentiation and Impact Factors of Tourism Development: A Case Study of the Central Plains, China". Sustainability 14, nr 12 (15.06.2022): 7313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127313.
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This study aims to summarize the patterns of spatial differentiation and impact factors on tourism development. This research used the Central Plains as the study area to analyze the spatial differentiation patterns of tourism development from 2005 to 2018. The study used spatial econometric methods, such as the spatial Durbin model and the geodetector model, to explore the impact factors of tourism development. According to the results, the spatial differentiation characteristics of domestic tourism and inbound tourism were similar, and the spatial agglomeration of both had significantly narrowed. The study also found impact factors in the study have a differential influence on domestic tourism and inbound tourism, with a strong spatial spillover effect on domestic tourism compared to inbound tourism. For a long time, domestic tourism has been impacted mainly by tourism policies and economic levels, inbound tourism has been impacted by tourism policies, and the level of openness to the outside world does not have a major impact on inbound tourism. Reasonable explanations are provided for these results and policy implications are drawn.
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Sun, Genjin, Qi Qian, Yanxiu Liu, Bo Pu i Dan Wang. "Social network and tourism consumption by households: Evidence from China". PLOS ONE 17, nr 9 (30.09.2022): e0275418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275418.
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Tourism consumption is not only an important means by which to improve residents’ sense of happiness but is also the main way to promote national economic development. In a traditional relational society such as China, it remains unclear how social network affects tourism consumption by households. Here, we evaluated the impact of the social network on tourism consumption by Chinese households using the data of 3254 samples from the China Family Panel Studies. The empirical results from the ordinary least square method showed that the social network promotes tourism consumption, which can be projected to increase by about 28% for every 1% increase in social network strength. This was further confirmed using the instrumental variable method to address the issue of endogenous social network formation, as well as other robustness checks. The impact of the social network on tourism consumption was heterogeneous. Compared with other residents, there were higher positive effects for high-income families, households with a head aged 35–44 years, urban families, and households in eastern China. The quantile regression results revealed that the impact of the social network was weakened with increasing tourism consumption by households. These results are crucial for policymakers, in that they could form good habits of tourism consumption and strengthen tourism market management, especially for the management of tourism negative events in the context of new media.
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Sarafanova, A. G., i A. A. Sarafanov. "TOURISM INDUSTRY AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: IMPACT AND CONSEQUENCES". Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics 7, nr 201 (lipiec 2021): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/1993-0453-2021-7-201-49-60.
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The study aims to explore the relationship between the pandemic and the tourism industry. The emergence of infectious diseases is one of the consequences of tourism and mobility of citizens. The article examines the scientific research of foreign authors on the impact of epidemiological diseases on the tourism industry. The pricing strategies of travel companies caused by the policy of curbing the spread of coronavirus infection are analyzed. The authors cite some forms of adaptation of the tourism industry to the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic (in such countries as Costa Rica, Jamaica, the Republic of Fiji, Finland, Greece, Iceland, Israel, Japan, the UAE, China). A statistical analysis of the tourism development in the Russian Federation (the number of incoming and outgoing tourists, the number of hotels and similar accommodation facilities) was carried out. The COVID-19 pandemic has reoriented the outbound tourist flow to domestic destinations. The advantages of developing domestic trips in comparison with international ones regarding their role in the economic development of regions are presented. The pandemic has led to an inevitable surge in the use of digital technologies due to the norms of social distancing and nationwide restrictions. One of the most popular forms of technological applications in the tourism industry is virtual reality. The use of virtual reality can contribute to the creation of a new, more sustainable model of tourism. The article presents four scenarios for the recovery of world tourism, developed by the McKinsey Global Institute and the Oxford Institute of Economic Policy (Oxford Economics). The authors identified priority areas of transformation of the tourism industry in the post-pandemic period, including at the technological level.