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1
Lynn, Madeleine Frankel. "The development and impact of foreign tourism in China and Thailand". Thesis, [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13641372.
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Guo, Songhong. "Measuring the Economic Impact of Tourism in China". Graduate School of International Development. Nagoya University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6306.
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Howard, Paul Jason, i n/a. "Tourism Development in Ethnic Areas of Southern China". Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070208.154629.
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The development of tourism may catalyse a vast array of impacts, social, cultural, socioeconomic, environmental or political. In ethnic minority communities and regions, impacts are potentially greater due to the pre-existing social, cultural and even sociopolitical constructs. Tourism, as a global phenomenon, is confined to operating within the local context. This is certainly the case in ethnic minority communities of China's southern peripheries. Tourism development is a differential process of formal and informal sector development. Formal sector development is generally capital intensive and relatively highly organised. In contrast, the informal sector involves many small vendors and family or community run businesses. The sectoral dichotomy may also be applied, in a general sense, to the types of tourists utilizing accommodation and services provided by these two distinct sectors. As the balance between the two sectors changes over time and across space, there is a commensurate shift in the type and scale of impacts generated by tourism in host communities. It is this that makes the sectoral paradigm so relevant to the role (or indeed lack of role) of ethnic minorities in tourism development in their local areas and communities. Apart from economic impacts, there are sociocultural and even socioenvironmental impacts on host communities. As with socioeconomic impacts, sociocultural impacts are also influenced by the differential development of the formal and informal sectors over time. Furthermore, particularly in ethnic minority areas, socioeconomic and sociocultural impacts are tightly integrated and one impact realm cannot adequately be considered in isolation.
4
Cheng, Ying, i 鄭盈. "Tourism development in Hong Kong and Macau under the impact of Pearl River Delta development: a comparative studyenvironmental impact assessment in China and Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29777562.
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Li, Jia. "Impact of tourism development on the Wolong Nature Reserve, China : perceptions of tourists and local residents". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1006.
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Zhu, Mei. "A preliminary study of the economic impact of international tourism on the People's Republic of China /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19472717.
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Zhu, Mei, i 朱梅. "A preliminary study of the economic impact of international tourism onthe People's Republic of China". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31220289.
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Tao, Yuan. "The impact of tourism on economic growth in China : a panel data analysis". Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1780395.
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Ho, Chun-on, i 何振安. "The impact of Hong Kong Disneyland on the sustainable development of Hong Kong's tourism industry". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3660186X.
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Zhao, Shouliang. "Mechanism, impact and policy of tourism-recreation mobility : study based on cities in Europe and China". Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1188.
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Dans un contexte de compréhension du temps-espace, l'environnement habituel, celui qui est la conception clef dans la définition traditionnelle du tourisme, est très difficile à être défini. Néanmoins, les activités de tourisme et des loisirs dans le milieu urbain ont de relations proches, dans les deux aspects : celui de la demande et celui de l'offre. Par conséquent, dans une étude empirique, bien comme dans le cadre d'élaboration de politiques, il y a de nécessités d'intégration du tourisme et de l'étude du loisir dans un contexte urbain. La thèse essaie de construire un cadre conceptuel appelé de “la mobilité tourisme-loisir” basé sur la ville, ancré sur la discrimination de concepts dans les études de tourisme et des loisirs. Cette étude veut offrir quelques suggestions pour les villes chinoises en ayant comme référence l'expérience des pays européens. Trois questions seront discutées : quel est le mécanisme de la mobilité tourisme-loisir ? Quelles sortes d'impact peuvent avoir la mobilité tourisme-loisir sur la ville ? Et quelle réaction la ville devrait pendre en compte ? Le mécanisme de la mobilité tourisme-loisir est discuté en quatre aspects : de la demande, de l'offre, du modèle d'espace et des tendances de développement. La thèse conclue que la demande en mobilité tourisme-loisir va vite grandir en Chine. Les acteurs des voyages tourisme-loisir diffèrent sensiblement par trajet, ce qui devrait être la base des plans de transport touristique. En général, les villes chinoises devraient beau faire pour l'optimisation de l'offre des ressources du tourisme-loisir. La thèse analyse le modèle d'espace de la mobilité tourisme-loisir dans les niveaux de la région et de la ville. Les tendances de la mobilité tourisme-loisir dans une compréhension du contexte temps et espace ont été également étudiées. Le développement de la mobilité tourisme-loisir a un impact évident sur le milieu physique des villes. Le développement cause aussi une compétition intensive entre les villes d'une région de taille plus importante, ce qui fait croître des nouvelles demandes pour les villes. Pour remplir la demande des résidents locaux et des visiteurs, l'aménagement urbain devrait consacrer l'optimisation de la structure fonctionnelle urbaine, des espaces publics urbains, et du réseau de transport urbain. La promotion politique a incité le succès du tourisme urbain au sein des pays européens. Pourtant, plusieurs villes ont renforcé les politiques de régulation lorsque le tourisme a été développé à un certain niveau. Quelques politiques communes dans les villes européennes sont essentielles pour la prospérité du tourisme et du développement du loisir dans les villes chinoises. Pour faire face aux défis posés par le développement de la mobilité tourisme-loisir, la thèse présente quelques suggestions pour les villes chinoises, à partir de quatre aspects appelés de recherche en tourisme-loisir, la coordination du tourisme urbain et des institutions d'aménagement urbain, la politique urbaine et la formulation de la planification urbaine. Puisque la ville est de plus en plus partagée par les visiteurs et par les résidents locaux, l'aménagement urbain traditionnel devrait être ajusté, ce qui sert plutôt aux locaux. L'aménagement urbain devrait faire une ville favorable aux résidants et également aux visiteurs, de la politique de l'usage du sol aux services publics. En attendant, l'aménagement urbain devrait travailler pour construire une ville plus attractiveIn a time-space compression background, the usual environment, which is the key conception in traditional tourism definition, is much difficult to be defined. Meanwhile, the tourism and recreation activities in urban background have close relations, in both aspects of demand and supply. Therefore, in empirical study as well as in policy-making, there are necessities of integration of tourism and recreation study in the urban background. The dissertation tries to construct a conceptual framework called tourism-recreation mobility based on city, on the basis of discrimination of conceptions in tourism and recreation study. Meanwhile, this study wants to offer some suggestions for Chinese cities by referring to experience of European countries. There are three problems discussed: What is the mechanism of tourism-recreation mobility? What kinds of the impacts of tourism-recreation mobility on city? What should city do? The mechanism of tourism-recreation mobility is discussed from four aspects: demand, supply, and space pattern and development trends. The dissertation concludes that the demand of tourism-recreation mobility will increase fast in China. The characters of tourism/recreation trip differ substantially from commuting, which should be the basis of tourism transportation plan. Generally speaking, Chinese cities should devote much to the optimization of tourism-recreation resources supply. The dissertation analyzes the space pattern of tourism-recreation mobility from region and city levels. The trends of tourism-recreation mobility in time-space compression background have also been studied. The development of tourism-recreation mobility has obvious impact on physical environment of cities. The development also causes intensive competition between cities in a larger area, which rises new demand for cities. To fulfill the demand of both residents and visitors, urban planning should devote to the optimization of urban functional structure, urban public space and urban transportation system. Promotion policy induced the prosperity of urban tourism in European countries. On the other hand, many cities rise regulation policy when tourism developing to a certain stage. Some common policies in European cities are essential for the general prosperity of tourism and fine quality of resident's recreation, which could be reference for urban tourism and recreation development in Chinese cities. To face the challenges raised by the development of tourism-recreation mobility, the dissertation submits several suggestions for Chinese cities, from four aspects named as tourism-recreation research, coordination of urban tourism and urban planning institutions, urban policy and urban planning formulation. Since the city is more and more shared by visitors and residents, the traditional urban planning should be adjusted, which serves mainly for the residents. Urban planning should make city more favorable for both residents and visitors, from land-use to facilities. Meanwhile, urban planning should devote to build a more attractive city
11
Feng, Xianghong. "Economic and socio-cultural impacts of tourism development in Fenghuang County, China". Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2008/x_feng_062608.pdf.
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Huang, Ganlin. "Mining and Tourism: Comparing Spatial Patterns, Socioeconomic Contributions, and Environmental Impacts in China". ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2008. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/113.
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ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of mining and tourism industries in China with a goal of understanding whether or not these two sectors are mutually compatible in achieving sustainable developme nt. Yunnan, a province in southwest China was selected as the study area because of its high potential for growth in both sectors. A macro-level Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis and a case study were employed to understand patterns of change and linkages. Paper 1 addresses the spatial patterns of mining and tourism activities by a GIS analysis. Spatial cluster analysis of major tourism attractions and mining sites concludes that 1) mining sites tend to be clustered, whereas locations of tourism attractions do not exhibit any significant evidence of aggregation. 2) Mining and tourism sites tend to cluster at the scale of 25 kilometers to 45 kilometers. However, 3) mining/tourism sites relatively far away from each other attain more economic income. Incorporating the social context and development history of the study area, the results imply that although mining activities may have some negative impact on tourism attractions making those nearby a mining site earn less income; some factors tie the two industries together such as investing capacity of and policy support from local government. Paper 2 considers the environmental health and socioeconomic status of the areas where mining or tourism activities cluster. Statistical analysis on prefecture level and county level detects no significant difference between areas of mining and tourism in terms of economic status (GDP and poverty rate) and social development (ratio of researchers, agricultural technicians, teachers and doctors, and access to pipe water, major roads and telephone). For environmental indicators, the air pollution and soil erosion index perform better in tourism areas than mining areas, while other variables including forestry coverage, water quality and an overall ecological health index detect little difference between mining and tourism areas. The paper concludes that sector difference in economic and environmental performances may be over-emphasized. How mining and tourism contribute to or impact the sustainability of regional development needs to be further studied within the local context. Paper 3 develops a case study of a Tibet village called Jisha in northwest Yunnan to explore management as a factor influencing tourism impacts on environment and local economic productivity. Jisha village experiences two types of tourism development. A community based small-scale tourism development project, initiated by a local nongovernment organization, aims to partner with Jisha residents to build a Tibetan style hostel which will bring tourism income to the villagers. An external company plans to construct a hotel, golf course and chair- lift by making a large investment in the community. Although some aspects of this project are likely to benefit the local community better than others, local residents are resisting all development efforts. Results of the ethnographic study show organization- led projects work better in benefiting local people and conserving environment than corporation businesses. However, such ventures may not have the multiplier effect on the local economy as external corporate businesses because of the moderate size of the investment.
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Pang, Po-yu, i 彭寶如. "An analytical paper: the impact of non-entitled pregnant women on Hong Kong healthcare system and the wayforward". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48425199.
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Background: Medical tourism is arising in Asian countries and in Hong Kong, the maternal tourism is evolving due to the influx of non-entitled pregnant women from mainland China for deliveries. The visitors were attracted not only by the technical advancement of Hong Kong healthcare system, but its special administrative background which grants the babies with a permanent resident identity as well as the citizenship benefits regardless to their parental status. Besides, the parents could avoid penalties from the "One Child Policy" in China.
With the limited healthcare resources, non-local mothers started to compete with the local mothers for obstetric services. The community raised their concerns in developing of maternity tourism and verbalised their demands in protecting local rights and equity to resources.
Aims and Objectives: There are limited published researches available on maternal tourism or the specific situation faced by Hong Kong. By analysing grey literature, this paper would like to suggest the impact exerted on the healthcare system by the influx of non-eligible mothers with a medical tourism framework.
Results: The impact of non-local-mother deliveries on healthcare system were discussed in the areas of governance, delivery, financing, human resources and regulation. Future research could be done on assessing the priorities in the framework components and the direction, effectiveness of the management strategies for non-entitled deliveries.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
14
Lam, Wai-ping, i 林慧萍. "Festival impacts on the tourist economy in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31572741.
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Yuan, Xiaoning, i 袁晓宁. "Impact of tourism on a cultural heritage place: the case of West Street (Xi Jie) in Yangshuo Town,Guangxi Province, China". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B5071644X.
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Tourism is not just an aggregate of merely commercial activities; it is also an ideological framing of history, nature and tradition which has the power to reshape culture and nature to its own needs (MacCannell, 1976). Since the reform and opening up, tourism has greatly expanded in mainland China over the past decades. The abundant cultural and historical attractions have become principal tourism resources and spurred the growth of a large heritage tourism industry. Cultural tourism attracts lots of attention from both the public and academics nowadays. However, tourism impacts on China’s cultural heritage places are as yet little understood. This dissertation would explore the tourism impacts on built heritage and local community with the case study of a historic site – West Street in Yangshuo County, Guangxi Province.
Tourism is not just an aggregate of merely commercial activities; it is also an ideological framing of history, nature and tradition which has the power to reshape culture and nature to its own needs (MacCannell, 1976). Since the reform and opening up, tourism has greatly expanded in mainland China over the past decades. The abundant cultural and historical attractions have become principal tourism resources and spurred the growth of a large heritage tourism industry. Cultural tourism attracts lots of attention from both the public and academics nowadays. However, tourism impacts on China’s cultural heritage places are as yet little understood. This dissertation would explore the tourism impacts on built heritage and local community with the case study of a historic site – West Street in Yangshuo County, Guangxi Province.published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation
16
Chaplin, Robert Ian Chaplin, i ianchaplin@gmail com. "The Impact of Contemporary Tourism Development on Colonial Built Heritage: Case Study of the Portuguese Legacy in Macau, China". Flinders University. School of Cultural Tourism, 2007. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20080228.234110.
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The hypothesis put forward in this thesis is that tourism can be the agent for the sustainable conservation and development of the valuable legacy of colonial built heritage by capitalizing on its tangible and intangible assets. The key variable is the recognition of the intrinsic value of both iconic and non-iconic properties and sites that constitute the extrinsic value of the cultural attractions of the tourism destination. The research problem is concerned with assessing the impact of contemporary tourism development on these attractions and identifying the issues affecting preservation and realization of asset potential. The research aims to support the collaboration between tourism professionals and cultural heritage stakeholders committed to resolving issues and problems for the destination identified within the stages of the tourism destination's life cycle of evolution (Butler, 1980).
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Costa, Lucia de Fatima Araujo Rosa da. "The potential impact of the macau international airport on Macau's tourism activity in the context of regional development in South China". Thesis, University of Macau, 1995. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636710.
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Liu, Yan, i 刘燕. "The impact of tourist shoppers on the pricing of street level retail shops". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206733.
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Compared with local shoppers, tourist shoppers have very different shopping behaviors and preferences, which in turn influence the location selection decisions of retailers and the pricing of retail spaces. The implementation of "Individual Visit Scheme" (IVS) policy since July, 2003 which allows Mainland Chinese tourists to visit Hong Kong on an individual basis has significantly increased the proportion of tourist shoppers. This policy provides us with an invaluable opportunity to examine how changes in tourist-local shopper mix affect the pricing of retail spaces in Hong Kong.
There have been very few empirical studies on the pricing of street level retail shops (or "shops") due to lack of transaction data and difficulties in identifying and measuring price-influencing location attributes of shops. Shops in Hong Kong have been more actively transacted compared to most markets around the world, which helps to solve the data availability problem. In this study, transactions of the shops in Causeway Bay, a major shopping area for both local and tourist shoppers in Hong Kong, during the period 1993 to 2011 has been used for empirical analysis. The difficulty of modeling the unknown location attributes of shops is tackled with use of spatial auto-regressive modeling techniques.
The significances of this study are threefold. First, we find that the shopping behaviors of tourists are influenced by their hometown shopping experiences. This is evidenced by the reversal of the impact of building age on shop’s transaction price after the implementation of IVS policy. Before this policy, when local shoppers were the majority, the effect of age on shop prices was positive as it captures some of the preferential location attributes of shops that were well known to local shoppers. When the proportion of Mainland Chinese tourist shoppers increased after the implementation of IVS, the impact of age on shop prices becomes negative as their hometown experiences suggest that new shops provide better shopping environment and are more preferred than old ones.
The second contribution is to show how tourist shopper’s shopping behaviors are affected by the cost of stay. Compared with local shoppers, tourist shoppers have a much higher cost of stay. Shop location attributes that can reduce the shopper’s idle time (e.g. travelling and shopping around time) would be more valuable to tourist shoppers than local shoppers. This implies that the proximity to Mass Transit Railway (MTR) station and the accommodation facilities around the retail units are preferred by tourist shoppers. Empirical evidence shows that the value of proximity to MTR station has increased significantly after the implementation of IVS, which is consistent with the prediction from tourist shoppers’ high cost of stay.
Finally, the third contribution of this study is improvement of empirical analysis method. A major problem in analyzing shop prices is the difficulty in measuring and modeling the specific price-influencing location factors, which give rise to misspecification of the hedonic price model. This study resolves this problem by adopting spatial econometric models. Our empirical results also show strong evidence of spatial auto-correlation in shop prices.published_or_final_version
Real Estate and Construction
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
19
Lau, Pui-shuen Julie, i 劉珮璇. "Tourism and transportation in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31945703.
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Yuen, Chi-kin Otto, i 袁子健. "Tourism and transportation in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37219637.
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21
Wong, Man-ling, i 王敏齡. "The effects of the mainlanders "golden weeks" on Hong Kong's tourism economy". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27027387.
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22
Ng, Tsui-shan, i 吳翠珊. "Tourism development in China under the "Go West" strategy". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29810218.
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23
Ng, King-man, i 吳敬文. "Planning sustainable tourism in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260044.
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Xie, Philip Feifan. "Authenticating Cultural Tourism: Folk Villages in Hainan, China". Thesis, Waterloo, Ont. : University of Waterloo, 2001. http://etd.uwaterloo.ca/etd/fxie2001.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Waterloo, 2001."A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy in Planning". Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfiche format.
25
Xue, Xiao. "Career Behaviors of Tourism Management Students in China". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1352090573.
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26
Cornet, Candice. "Ethnicity in China : reviewing ethnicity in light of ethnic tourism in Southwest China". Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29496.
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This thesis reviews the anthropological approaches to the study of the ethnic minorities in Southwest China. It sets out to demonstrate the limitations engendered by studies focusing on the process of ethnicity and the relative absence of 'ordinary local peasants' (villagers not involved in the dialogue of ethnicity) in anthropological research of villages in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan. Furthermore, this paper reveals the need for in-depth local studies in order to understand the impact of ethnic tourism on local identity construction.
27
Wang, Shuangzi, i 王双子. "Development of sustainable cultural heritage tourism in China : a comparative study of ancient towns in Lijiang and Chengdu". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195106.
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The development of cultural heritage tourism has become a world-wide issue recent years. There is increasing pressure between cultural heritage conservation and tourism industry growth, however, the sustainable integration of cultural heritage and tourism can results in positive and synergistic effect on the whole system. Thus the research on sustainable development of cultural heritage tourism is increasing significant in a global scale. China is the typical country that facing the dilemma of pursuing tourism industry growth and cultural heritage protection, an integrated framework that can guide the cultural heritage tourism towards sustainability is necessary and urgent at present.
Lijiang Old Town in Lijiang and China’s Lane in Chengdu are used as comparative case study. Aspects related to sustainable cultural heritage tourism development are examined and evaluated according to the conceptual framework, including heritage conservation performance such as resource integrity, cultural authenticity, publicity and education; tourism industry performance such as economic growth, marketing and branding strategies, tourist satisfaction; mechanism performance such as policy support, stakeholder cooperation, assessment and monitoring mechanism, etc. It is found out that China’s Lane has a better performance than Lijiang Old Town due to its government-guide development mode and right segregation system. While it is also found that the cultural authenticity is decreasing both in Lijiang Old Town and China’s Lane largely due to the displacement of indigenous population and the disruption of local community network.
It is concluded that the role of government should shift from dominance to guidance, right segregation management mode should be promoted and effective and comprehensive assessment and monitoring mechanism should be established regarding the development of cultural heritage tourism in China. Moreover, cultural authenticity and local community network as the core of cultural heritage conservation should be highly valued by various sectors in the society, since they are the basic and essence to ensure long-term development of cultural heritage tourism towards sustainability.published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Master
Master of Science in Urban Planning
28
Chan, Wing-Ka Veronica, i 陳穎嘉. "A framework of tourism planning in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31258803.
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29
Wan, Hiu-wa Eva, i 溫曉華. "Planning for sustainable waterfront tourism in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45014243.
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30
Testoni, Lisa Jayne. "Cumulative impact management planning for sustainable tourism /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18554.pdf.
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31
Gao, Qian. "World Heritage, Archaeological Tourism and Social Value in China". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401428.
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This doctoral thesis explores the relationship between archaeological tourism, World Heritage and social value in contemporary China. It intends to provide an innovative insight into such connections by scrutinizing the impact of archaeological tourism on the social values that local communities attribute to archaeological sites that are either inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites or in the process of becoming one. Archaeological tourism refers to people’s activity of consuming the past through visiting places of archaeological significance. In this doctoral thesis, the discussion concerning archaeological tourism focuses on specific types of archaeological sites; those that are either inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List or are in the process of achieving World Heritage Status. The growing commercialization of archaeological sites for tourism, compounded by the rising influence of the World Heritage List, has greatly affected the lives of communities in the immediate vicinity of archaeological sites. One way to comprehend such an effect is to analyze the changes in the social values assigned to those sites by their local residents. This is because archaeological tourism has an ability to (re)create and modify those social values attributed to archaeological sites by their local population, by changing their function, capacity, quality and meaning. In this process, the UNESCO World Heritage List also plays an important role in providing advice on the touristic transformation of these sites in preparation for World Heritage inscription, especially during the pre-nomination period.Set against this background, this doctoral thesis aims to analyze the impact of tourism on the social values that local communities attribute to archaeological sites that are either on the UNESCO World Heritage List or in the process of being assigned World Heritage status. The Daming Palace archaeological site and the Huashan rock art area are taken as its case studies. Both sites are excellent examples when it comes to representing Chinese archaeological sites in the two main phases of attaining World Heritage status; nomination and full designation. In order to achieve the general aim of this doctoral research, four objectives are proposed. The first is the identification ofthe main issues that have emerged from the current development of archaeological tourism in China. Secondly, this thesis critically examines the development of archaeological tourism at the two case study sites. Thirdly, an in-depth analysis is made of the perceptions and attitudes of local communities towards such development in the two cases studied. The final objective is the discussion of the impact of archaeological tourism on social values attributed to the two sites by their local communities with reference to the influence of the World Heritage List. To attain these objectives, the investigation undertaken in this doctoral thesis employs qualitative approaches under the theoretical framework of archaeological ethnography. The ultimate goal of the research is to encourage further reflection on the existing management mechanisms of archaeological heritage in China and worldwide.Esta tesis doctoral analiza la relación entre turismo arqueológico, Patrimonio Mundial y valor social en China, proporcionando una visión innovadora en las conexiones establecidas entre cada uno de estos tres parámetros. Se pretende examinar el efecto que el turismo arqueológico está teniendo en los valores sociales que las comunidades locales atribuyen a los sitios arqueológicos que, o están inscritos ya como Patrimonio Mundial de la UNESCO, o que están en proceso de convertirse en tales. El primero de los elementos centrales en este trabajo es el “turismo arqueológico”, concepto con el que nos referimos a la actividad de consumir el pasado a través de la visita a lugares que contienen monumentos y otro tipo de cultural material del pasado. En muchas partes del mundo, los sitios arqueológicos se utilizan cada vez más para fines comerciales sobre todo mediante la promoción del turismo cultural, a la vez que, dada su capacidad para hacer propaganda narrativas nacionales y siguiendo una tradición establecida durante los dos últimos siglos, siguen siendo explotados como medio de promoción del nacionalismo. Con esto quiero dar a entender que estas dos funciones que acabo de exponer más arriba, por una parte la promoción de la identidad nacional y la educación del público sobre la narrativa nacional y por la otra el turismo arqueológico-cultural no son incompatibles, siendo este último el de más reciente aparición pero habiéndose convertido hoy en día en un componente cada vez más importante de la economía local e incluso nacional, puesto que fomenta la generación de ingresos y la creación de puestos de trabajo. El segundo de los elementos centrales a esta tesis doctoral es el Patrimonio Mundial. El análisis de la forma en la que el turismo está afectando a la arqueología se centrará no en todos los sitios arqueológicos sin distinción, sino en aquellos que ya han inscritos en la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial o están en proceso avanzado de conseguirlo. Con “Lista del Patrimonio Mundial”. El valor social, el tercer elemento crucial en esta tesis doctoral, está relacionado con la reflexión sobre las comunidades locales en áreas de Patrimonio Mundial.
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Yang, Yang, i 杨洋. "Analysis of public transport for urban tourism in China". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4654169X.
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Ma, Yu, i 马彧. "Problematic heritage for popular tourism: case studies in China". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48348168.
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This thesis explores what existing issue of the complex relationship between heritage conservation and popular tourism, and the related problems influenced by the development of tourism and economic. Currently, many problematic heritage conservation practices have occurred in China, such as heritage reconstruction, imitation of heritage, commercial packaging of heritage and losing the setting of heritage, etc. So, I supposed that there are deep socio-economic problems under those phenomena, and the value system of heritage conservation was occupied by the ideology of economic growth. Some local governments did some “big” so-called conservation projects for achieving revenue growth, and some government leaders even for their political achievements. Lack of the knowledge of heritage and conservation and dearth of talent in this area could still be obstacles to solve those problems.
In Chapter 2, the authenticity of two different examples of heritage reconstructions are compared – Mo Chi Garden and Jianfu Gong Garden – through information sources based on charters and guidelines. In Chapter 3, I am focusing on the issue of commercial packaging, and using various cases to understand the motive and goal of doing problematic conservation from different angles such like local government, private sector, estate developer, tourists and residents. And another main issue of losing the setting of heritage and focusing on fragments is discussed in my fourth chapter. In my last chapter, I use an analysis of Yellow Crane Tower to state a effective of dual identity which cause a misunderstanding to heritage conservation in China as a conclusion.
For those reconstruction buildings, we should be treating this as a reconstruction which happened time and again in the course of the history of man. And problems for those commercialized and setting-lost heritage structures and sites are not with whether they are cultural heritage or whether they compliant with the standards of being a cultural heritage, but the problem is on whether they keep the essence of history and preserve our culture. What makes something heritage, though, is that it records a long history and rich culture, which need inherit from us to the next generations. Today’s new building is tomorrow’s cultural heritage if we could give it meanings.published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation
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Zhao, Ge. "Towards sustainable tourism: a case study of Lijiang, China". Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/6700.
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Master of Regional and Community PlanningDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Claude A. Keithley
With the economic growth in the last three decades, tourism is becoming bigger business than ever before in China. One of the most popular tourism destinations in China is ancient towns. While the tourism industry encourages economic growth in ancient towns, it brings negative side-effects as well. The purpose of this report is to detect the economic and social sustainability of the tourism industry in Chinese ancient towns, taking Lijiang, Yunnan Province as an example. The report also provides responsive suggestions for the tourism industry in Lijiang in the end. To measure the sustainability of tourism in Lijiang, the report employs a total of 33 indicators in social, cultural, economic and political dimensions and a five-point evaluation system to convert different indicators into a relatively consistent measurable scale. The outcome of the analysis indicates that: 1) tourism in Lijiang is unsustainable in social dimension because of the paramount pressure on land use and the traditional life style caused by overhaul tourist population poured into Lijiang in recent years; 2) tourism in Lijiang has generally played a positive role in local culture’s preservation; 3) the fast-growing economy brought by tourism in Lijiang is potentially unsustainable because of the imbalanced benefit distributions; 4) tourism in Lijiang is almost totally government-oriented and lacks a certain opportunities for public participation. The findings in each aspect of the tourism industry in Lijiang help decision makers understand both strengths and weaknesses of tourism in Lijiang better to make responsive policies and strategies to ensure a more sustainable future.
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Wang, Yi. "Actor perspectives and tourism policy networks in Hangzhou, China". Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2008. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20496/.
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This study examines the patterns and processes of policy making involved in tourism development and management for the major tourism city of Hangzhou in China. It is considered that these policy-making features are the result of dialectical interactions between structure and agency. More specifically, the social actions involved in policy making are regarded as the consequence of the dialectical interplay between the knowledgeable behaviour or agency of varied actors and their structural contexts. The dynamics of the tourism policy-making processes are examined through a relational approach that combines an actor-oriented perspective on social change with the analysis of policy networks. Three conceptual frameworks - at the macro-, micro- and also meso-scales - are developed in the study in order to understand the co-evolution of structure and agency within the tourism policy-making processes. The macro-scale focuses on the "external" environments that affect actors' perspectives and the policy making processes, the micro-scale explores the regular practices and experiences of actors, and the meso-scale relates to the dynamics of the policy networks that result from interplay between the macro- and micro-scale processes. The varied actors affected by tourism policies engage in social interactions, draw on their differing interests, express views based on differing discourses and knowledge frameworks, and engage in conflicts and compromises based on their power configurations, and from these processes emerge various policy outcomes. These actors are strongly affected by structural constraints in the policy environment, but they also have involvements in actively constructing that environment. These frameworks are applied to assessments of tourism policy processes in Hangzhou. This city was chosen as a case study because it is in the vanguard of steps taken by the national government to encourage greater decentralization of governance in China and because of the importance of tourism for the local economy. Two stages of fieldwork were conducted in the city, both involving semi-structured, in-depth interviews with actors with an interest in tourism policy making. They explored the involvement of these actors in the policy processes, their interests and relations with other policy actors, and their influence on policy outcomes. The second fieldwork stage focused on understanding these processes for a specific tourism project in a heritage district of the city, this being the West Lake Protection Project. It was found that there was considerable continuity in the actors most involved in tourism policy-making for the city as a whole and for the West Lake Protection Project. While Hangzhou had gained considerable tourism decision-making powers from central government, the extent of decentralized decision-making within the city itself was still very limited. The influence of the Communist Party was still notable, there was only a very small involvement by the private sector in policy activity and local communities had only limited influence on decisions affecting their lives. When there were conflicts between environmental and development issues the most influential actors favoured economic development. The overall analysis illustrated the potential value of a relational or dialectical perspective on agency and structure for assessments of tourism policy relations and networks.
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Zheng, Qiying. "Crisis management, tourism and the Three Gorges Dam, China". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2015. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/11808/.
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Within the tourism literature, studies of crisis and disaster management in the tourism industry are relatively numerous. However, not only are most research case studies based on a Western-oriented paradigm, but also relatively few studies pay attention to tourists’ perceptions in relation to tourism crisis management. China has experienced numerous crises related to tourism in recent years and eventually coped with them. However, until the SARS outbreak in 2003 there tended to be a lack of subsequent research of crisis management. Following the completion of the Three Gorges Dam in 2009 and the successful completion of the 175-meter experimental water storage of Three Gorges Reservoir in 2010, the debates surrounding the major negative impacts of the dam on the Three Gorges region have become more intense. The transformation of environment has impacted on tourists’ experiences and perceptions, and even the number of inbound tourists. From a Western perspective, therefore, the Dam has become a ‘self-induced’ crisis for the Three Gorges area in general and for Three Gorges tourism. However, the Chinese government stresses that the Dam provides significant benefits to China’s economic development. The aim of this study is to identify appropriate strategies, within a conceptual framework of crisis management and tourism policy development, for rebuilding Three Gorges tourism in China following the completion of the Dam. Therefore, the research critically reviews the development of the Dam and existing tourism policies as a foundation for the principal research question: what are inbound tourists’ attitudes towards the Dam, and how might these inform strategic responses to the consequences of the Dam on the Three Gorges tourism? Subsequently at Stage One of this study, in addition to the secondary data collection related specifically to tourism in the Three Gorges, scoping research was conducted to elicit primary data regarding both tourism policy and planning for the region and an overview of tourists’ perceptions of the experience of the Three Gorges. Thus, the research at this stage involved two in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the supply-side stakeholders, namely, an expert specializing in Three Gorges tourism research and a high-level official from Chongqing Tourism Bureau, and semi-structured interviews with nine tourists from western countries visiting the Three Gorges. Having elicited the initial data and an overview of tourists’ perceptions of the Three Gorges Dam and the Three Gorges, it became evident that more detailed, rich data were required to inform an analysis of tourists’ perceptions of the Three Gorges and, hence, to underpin recommendations for future policy for Three Gorges tourism Therefore, an additional 17 semi-structured interviews with international tourists were conducted at Stage Two alongside a quantitative survey amongst international tourists who had just completed their trip in the Three Gorges region and were still on a cruise ship. In addition to these, an unstructured-interview with a senior tourist guide, as a supplementary source, was also conducted to further identify the international tourists’ perceptions of the Three Gorges and the Dam. The findings reveal that, from the perspective of Chinese government, the Three Gorges Dam is not considered as a self-induced crisis. Similarly, from the perspective of international tourists, the Dam has no yet caused any perceived tourism crisis. However, international tourists’ perceptions of environmental pollution indicate that water pollution in particular in the Three Gorges region is becoming worse. Such problem, if no controlled effectively, is likely to become a serious water pollution crisis in the future, affecting not only the life of local residents, but also the development of new Three Gorges tourism. Thus, in response to international tourists’ perceptions of the Three Gorges and the Dam, this research makes a number of recommendations for the development of new Three Gorges tourism. Overall, the purpose of this research is to establish a link between strategic responses, Faulkner’s framework of tourism crisis management and tourists’ perceptions of the destination in order to expand present tourism crisis management theory and models. In so doing, it adds an additional dimension to the contemporary crisis management and tourism in China literatures. The research also demonstrates the uniqueness of the case: although the Dam has been thought as a self-induced crisis created by humans, it differs from many crises, as the possible negative consequences brought by the Dam were predicted and predictable.
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Rioux, Yu Luo. "Marketing the revolution: Tourism, landscape and ideology in China". Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3303808.
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Zhao, Hongshen. "The geography of tourist hotels in Beijing, China". PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4245.
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This thesis, utilizing data obtained through the author's working experience and on extensive academic investigation, aims to establish and analyze the locational deficiency of some 100 foreign tourist hotels in Beijing and its origin. To do so, an optimal hotel location is first determined by analysis of social, economic, cultural and environmental features of Beijing in relation to the tourism industry.
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鍾仁宜 i yan-yi Eddy Chung. "A review of cultural heritage tourism in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4389513X.
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Leung, Wing-kei Lucia, i 梁詠璣. "Strategic framework of place marketing for greater Pearl River Delta from a regional tourism planning perspective". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31261309.
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Chen, Yang. "Recent trends of hospitality and tourism research literature on China a content analysis /". Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001cheny.pdf.
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Wu, Lihui. "Earthquake Disaster Preparedness for Tourism Industry in Japan and China". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199439.
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Wan, Xiang. "Tourists' responses to government intentions for Red Tourism in China". Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2017. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/17301/.
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This study analyses the Chinese government’s involvement in Red Tourism, with a special focus on the government’s political intentions in conveying messages at Red Tourism sites, and, critically, how tourists respond to the messages presented there. There are two separate identifiable phases in the development of Red Tourism since 2004. The first phase is from 2004 to 2010 and the second one is from 2011 to 2015. Shaoshan, the birthplace of Mao Zedong, and Zhijiang, which is dedicated to commemorating the surrender of the Japanese Imperial Army, are selected to examine the government’s political intentions behind the messages presented at these two Red Tourism sites. The former is the best example from the first phase, while the latter is one of the most important in the second phase. The messages produced by the Chinese government are communicated to tourists in Red Tourism sites, encouraging tourists to embrace certain political ideals. However, the messages presented at Red Tourism sites do not necessarily lead to tourists accepting unreservedly the government point of view. Tourists are free to reject this discourse and construct their own reading of the sites, and this they frequently do. Therefore, the sender of the messages, the government, and the receiver of the messages, the tourists, may not be in agreement. It is to be hoped that this study contributes to a better understanding of Red Tourism in contemporary China, while the responses of visitors may will provide valuable insights into the state of Chinese society today.
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林斯琪 i Sze-ki Lam. "The development of real estate tourism: the case of Shenzhen". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27025512.
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Óladóttir, Oddný. "The economic impact of international tourism in Iceland /". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56954.
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This thesis represents a systematic attempt to analyse the economic impact of international tourism in Iceland. While tourism has long been seen as an important source of foreign exchange and employment for the country very little detailed information is available on the role that the industry plays in the national economy.To fill this 'information gap' two questionnaires were used to gather data on tourist expenditure characteristics and the cost and revenue structures of various tourism businesses. This data was then analysed using a simplified multiplier model. A series of findings are presented, including: the economic impacts associated with various 'tourist types': the ability of different tourism businesses and sectors to generate local income and employment, and; the links that exist between the industry and the rest of the economy. Each of these data bases is then used to provide an overview of future policy options facing the Icelandic government.
The research reveals that international tourism plays a major role in the Icelandic economy and is potentially an important tool for regional development. The data provides an important foundation upon which future tourism development strategics and research can be based.
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ching-sung, chuan, i 宋傳津. "The Effect Impact of Tourism and Leisure to China Tourists in Taiwan". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29322301290403337117.
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碩士美和科技大學
運動與休閒系碩士班
104
Mainland tourists to Taiwan the impact on the tourism and leisure industry impact .Domestic open mainland tourists to Taiwan so far ,supporting measures related policy has stabilized，but quality control mechanism for domestic tourism and leisure travel professionals and there is still the need to strengthen the space .State whether the machine has given the relevant inject for mainland visitors to Taiwan in the tourism and leisure industry, but the general population does not know there is significant assistance under the open mainland tourists to Taiwan this economical running water, domestic really well supporting measures ,which of concern to the people of the event. In this study, SPSS20.0 will trend chi-square test analysis Ministry of transportation and Tourism Bureau (2015) of mainland tourists to Taiwan for sightseeing tour of relevant statistical data ,further study confirmed the hypothesis .The conclusions that (a)mainland tourists to Taiwan for foreign visitors to Taiwan’s tourism has significant influence.(b)Of mainland tourists to Taiwan has a significant impact on domesic tourism of the total revenue.(c)Of mainland tourists to Taiwan has a significant impact on people’s domestic tourism revenue.(d)Of mainland tourists to Taiwan has a significant impact on the domestic tourism business. (e)Of mainland tourists to Taiwan has a significant impact on the leisure tourism industry.(f)Of mainland tourists to Taiwan so that people have a significant impact on the change in leisure habits.
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Lee, Ming-Feng, i 李明峰. "The Impact of the Opening Tourism Markets to China Tourists on the Taiwan Hotel Industry". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g5wwfu.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
經濟學系
98
The purpose of this study is to examine whether a significant change occurs in Taiwanese hotels’ pricing strategies due to the opening tourism market to China tourists. Based on the theoretical model of Hedonic Pricing, I adopt the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Quantile Regression (QR) to estimate the hedonic price of hotel facilities. In particular, I am interested in exploring the impact of China tourists on the hedonic price of facilities in Taiwanese hotels. The empirical results show that the China tourists’ visiting has a positive effect on the room price of hotels which located in the scenic area of Taiwan. In terms of the hotel choice of China tourists, most visitors live in the tourism hotels at the low price level while the business visitors prefer the tourism hotel at the high price level. However, most China tourists are housewives and retirees. Moreover, most China tourists belong to two age-groups: under 19 (include 19) and above 40 (include 40). Therefore, they prefer the tourism hotels with the swimming pool rather than the gym.
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Wu, Yu Lin, i 吳毓玲. "The Study of the Impact of the Tourism Market of Mainland Tourists to Taiwan After the Implementation of China Tourism Law". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70384432336039670271.
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碩士銘傳大學
觀光事業學系碩士在職專班
102
Since the opening of direct flights from the Mainland China to Taiwan as well as the Out-bound Travel tours from the Mainland China, due to the intense competition between the travel agents/operators to attract customers, nearly 90% of the customers are concentrated on groups movement into Taiwan. In terms of obtaining the materialization of groups, it is inadvisable to lower the selling prices of the tour groups to get the big amount of customers especially the funds from Hong Kongese. Whereby, the quality of the group itinerary withtour conditions have been down not as normal as usual. For the sake of the maintenance of the tour qualities, on Oct 1st 2013, the government of Peoples’ Republic of China created an tourism law which is so called “China Tourism Law”; there are altogether almost 12 terms and conditions therein specified and all the customers from the Mainland China as well as the In-bound tour operators in Taiwan are to be strictly observed and performed. In short, this decision could have the development of travel business the negative consequence in the travel industry. On the grounds of studying and to weight the benefits against the costs of the aforesaid “China Tourism Law”, our Travel tourism governmental officials will create what kinds of solutions to face the “China Tourism Law”. Throughout the literature in keeping the stability of running the travel business for Taiwan operators who can consistently accepting the low cost groups from the Mainland China, there are 3 great points to be taken from the Taiwan In-bound tour operators; and had been analytically created by Mr Porter in 1980. They are i.e. (i) Costing Grounds (ii) Differentiation Ground (iii) Professional Grounds. On the whole, there are no significant out-comes (Positive or Negative Out-come) from the commence of carry-out the “China Tourism Law” both for Mainland China and Taiwan.
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Su, Wei-Shuan, i 蘇蔚璿. "A Study on the Impact of Tourism from China on the Taiwanese Society". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91349425384670539247.
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碩士銘傳大學
公共事務學系兩岸關係與安全管理碩士在職專班
102
Since China’s economic reform contributed to its rapid economic growth, the number of China tourists travelling abroad has increased year by year. China also identifies tourism as one of the strategic industries. With President Ma Ying-Jeou taking the office in 2008, the cross-strait relations came to a turning point. The cross-strait bilateral agreement has allowed China tourists to travel in Taiwan, and furthermore to conduct independent travel. Based on the historical background of the same language and ethnicity between cross-strait people, the policy of allowing China tourists to travel in Taiwan has made positive and negative impacts on Taiwan’s politics, economy, culture, and even social psychology. The study explores the history of the Taiwan’s entry policy for China people, its negotiation process, and current development of China tourists travelling to Taiwan by using historical analysis and literature review methods. In addition, by conducting in-depth interview, professional opinions of seven interviewees from tourism industry, government agency and academia are collected, and the internal advantages and disadvantages as well as external opportunities and threats on every aspect of Taiwan are examined by SWOT analysis in the text. The cross-strait agreement of allowing China tourists travelling to Taiwan enables Taiwan to exert soft power and to create development opportunities, such as arousing their political awareness of democracy and freedom, marketing multi-cultures, and enhancing mutual understanding. On the other hand, the internal disadvantages of Taiwan may lead to external threats, such as China’s united-front tactics, the phenomenon of China investors’ one-stop service, the weakening of cultural identity, the lessening of hostile consciousness, and other negative problems. Taiwan should seize the advantage of soft power to create adding value and substantial benefits from tourism; overcome internal disadvantages to mitigate external potential threats through government regulations, law-abiding private sector, and supervision of the public; finally, build a high quality travelling culture for sustainable development of tourism.
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Niu, Jen-Chieh, i 牛仁傑. "The Impact of the Relaxation of Tourists from Mainland China on the Profitability of the Listed Tourism Industry in Taiwan". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86891488490010550949.
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