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Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / IMF

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „IMF”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 28 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "IMF"

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Schapiro, O., A. R. DeAngelis i D. H. E. Gross. "IMF-IMF correlations". Nuclear Physics A 568, nr 2 (luty 1994): 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(94)90206-2.

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Farrar, Salim, i Tanvir Uddin. "Building Islamic Ethics into Development: Exploring the Role and Limitations of “Islamic” Microfinance in Poverty Alleviation—An Indonesian Case Study". Law and Development Review 13, nr 2 (25.09.2020): 371–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ldr-2020-0047.

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AbstractIn this article, we examine the role and ethics of IBF in the context of development and address the critique that IBF is merely a rebranding of the conventional sector and merely exploits and further marginalises beneficiaries for profit. We focus on Islamic microfinance (IMF) in Indonesia and explore how it is applied to poverty alleviation. In addition to a review of the research to date, we perform a qualitative sociolegal study involving 27 interviews of two IMF institutions’ (BMT Muda and BPRS Mitra Syariah in East Java) beneficiaries, field staff, management and industry stakeholders. Our fieldwork investigates how institution staff members apply Islamic rules and norms when implementing programs, noting any discrepancies between the rhetoric of the Islamic ethical framework for development and the practice. We ultimately argue that while IMF is still a work in progress that would benefit from further regulatory and institutional reform, it is generating wide-ranging economic, social and spiritual benefits. We find evidence of social empowerment and brotherhood in IMF, emblematic of Islamic ethics, as well as genuine contributions to the economic and social development of Indonesia

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International Monetary Fund. "IMF in Focus 2005 (Imf Supplement to the IMF Survey) Volume 34: Supplement to the IMF Survey, Volume 34". IMF Survey 34, nr 05 (2006): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451951424.023.

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Winarko, Anton, i Anwar Santoso. "PENGARUH ORIENTASI MEDAN MAGNET ANTARPLANET PADA GANGGUAN GEOMAGNET DI LINTANG RENDAH". Jurnal Sains Dirgantara 13, nr 2 (14.07.2016): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.jsd.2016.v13.a2553.

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Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) is a part of the Solar magnetic field that is carried into interplanetary space by the solar wind. Based on previous study it is known that solar wind condition when reconnection occurs has important role on geomagnetic disturbance. This paper discusses low-latitude geomagnetic field responses to various condition of reconnection, i.e. when north-south component of Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF Bz) was south-directed (<0) in long duration, IMF Bz switch to opposite direction after reconnection, and neutral IMF Bz (~0). Case studies show that precondition which IMF Bz<0 prompt more intense geomagnetic storm compared to IMF Bz ~0. At low latitude, precondition of IMF Bz <0 tend to trigger disturbance in the form of geomagnetic storm, while the IMF Bz~0 one could trigger Sudden Impulse. Change of IMF Bz direction after reconnection affected recovery phase acceleration, that was on IMF Bz>0, recovery phase took less time compared to IMF Bz<0. AbstrakMedan magnet antarplanet (Interplanetary Magnetic Field/IMF) adalah medan magnet matahari yang dibawa oleh angin surya dan menjalar dalam ruang antarplanet. Berdasarkan studi sebelumnya diketahui bahwa kondisi angin surya saat terjadi rekoneksi amat berpengaruh terhadap gangguan geomagnet yang terjadi. Pada makalah ini dibahas respons medan geomagnet di lintang rendah pada berbagai kondisi rekoneksi yaitu pada saat komponen utara-selatan medan magnet antarplanet (IMF Bz) dominan selatan (IMF Bz<0) dalam durasi panjang, IMF Bz berbalik arah setelah rekoneksi, dan IMF Bz cenderung netral (IMF Bz~0). Dari studi kasus menunjukkan bahwa prakondisi IMF Bz <0 mengakibatkan badai geomagnet yang lebih intens dibandingkan IMF Bz~0. Di lintang rendah, prakondisi IMF Bz<0 cenderung mengakibatkan gangguan berupa badai geomagnet sedangkan IMF Bz~0 dapat memicu Sudden Impulse. Perubahan arah IMF Bz yang terjadi setelah rekoneksi mempengaruhi laju fase pemulihan (recovery phase), yaitu pada IMF Bz>0, fase pemulihannya cenderung berlangsung lebih cepat dibandingkan saat IMF Bz<0.

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Larson, Clive. "IMF News". Transactions of the IMF 100, nr 2 (4.03.2022): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00202967.2022.2031634.

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Lastra, Rosa M. "IMF conditionality". Journal of Banking Regulation 4, nr 2 (grudzień 2002): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jbr.2340138.

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Masson, Paul R. "The IMF". International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 62, nr 4 (grudzień 2007): 889–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070200706200410.

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Carson, Eric, i Simon Adler. "Scaling IMF: How to Manage 10,000 IMF Packages". SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal 126, nr 8 (październik 2017): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/jmi.2017.2732859.

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International Monetary Fund. "IMF in Focus 2004 (Imf Supplement to the IMF Survey) Volume 33 English: Supplement to the IMF Survey, Volume 33". IMF Survey 33, nr 04 (2004): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451920710.023.

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Kullen, A., i P. Janhunen. "Relation of polar auroral arcs to magnetotail twisting and IMF rotation: a systematic MHD simulation study". Annales Geophysicae 22, nr 3 (19.03.2004): 951–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-951-2004.

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Abstract. We investigate with the help of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model how the large-scale topology of the magnetosphere develops for a constant interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) with different IMF clock angles and for an IMF By sign change during northward IMF. A detailed examination of the topological changes in the tail and the ionosphere for different IMF conditions shows a good agreement with observational results. The MHD simulations for different constant IMF clock angle cases show the expected field-line bending and tail twisting for nonzero IMF By. The tail becomes longer and at its tailward end stronger twisted for IMF Bz>∣By∣ than for IMF Bz

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "IMF"

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Arabaci, Mehmet Cengiz. "The IMF and the catalytic effect do IMF agreements improve access to international financial markets? /". Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/646196889/viewonline.

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Sallander, Dan. "IMF conditionality, nationellt ägandeskap och statssuveränitet". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-74403.

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Detta är en teoretisk uppsats som jämför ett antal olika relevanta teoretikers problematisering av begreppen IMF conditionality, nationellt ägandeskap och statssuveränitet samt dessa teoretikers syn på relationen mellan dessa. Jag har analyserat innehållet i ett antal olika litterära källor och jag refererar till ett flertal antal teoretiker. De ekonomiska lån som IMF ger till stater är villkorade med åtaganden som mottagarlandet måste uppfylla. Dessa villkor hänvisas ofta till som IMF conditioanlity. Statssuveränitet och nationellt ägandeskap definieras som en stats kontroll av sin egen inhemska politik, i denna uppsats begränsad till att gälla den ekonomiska politiken. Statssuveränitet går att definiera i ett vidare och i ett snävare perspektiv. I den snävare så är det regeringens kontroll av dessa frågor som är avgörande medan det i den bredare handlar om folkets kontroll av dessa frågor. Vissa teoretiker anser att IMF conditionality underminerar statens suveränitet och statens nationella ägandeskap av sin inhemska ekonomiska politik och att dessa villkor därigenom också försvagar folkets möjlighet till självbestämmande. Dessa teoretiker anser med andra ord att staten håller på att förlora kontrollen över den politiska utvecklingen och då staten är det medium genom vilket folket är hänvisat till att utöva inflytande genom allmänna val så undermineras på samma gång folkens möjlighet att påverka den politiska utvecklingen. Statssuvuränitet undermineras således både i snäv och bred definition på grund av IMF conditionality. Vissa teoretiker anser att statssuveränitet endast försvagas i dess bredare och inte i dess snävare genom att folket förlorar i ägandeskap genom att regeringen genom IMF conditionality gör sig i högre grad oberoende av folkets vilja. Ytterligare andra teoretiker försvarar IMF conditionality och hävdar att det hela handlar om ett partnerskap mellan mottagare och givare där låntagarnationen inte har gett upp ägandeskap och att IMF conditionality finns som en garant för att reformerna genomförs på ett effektivt sätt. Mottagarnationen har frivilligt tecknat ett avtal med IMF och har frivilligt gått med på att genomföra dessa reformer så det nationella ägandeskapet har inte förminskats menar dessa teoretiker. Jag kommer i denna uppsats fram till att IMF conditionality de facto har en negativ inverkan på staters nationella ägandeskap och på dessa staters suveränitet både i bred och i snäv definition.

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Orsi, Maia. "Population synthesis models for IMF studies". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2014. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4525/.

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Population synthesis models (PSMs) are fundamental tools to study the star formation history and IMF of unresolved stellar populations using spectral features. This work presents a new set of PSMs constructed using theoretical isochrones and two state-ofthe- art synthetic spectral libraries. The BT-Settl and Munari libraries were chosen for their ability to predict the observed values of Lick-type and IMF-sensitive indices in individual stars of the solar neighbourhood. The BT-Settl library was used to sample the cool main sequence stars and the Munari library for the rest of the evolutionary phases. The PSMs cover a range of metallicities with [Fe/H]= 0, -1.31 and -1.81 for scaled-solar and α-enhanced metal mixtures. The models were used to study the behaviour of the IMF indices defined in the literature and the results are in good agreement with what other PSMs have determined. The PSMs in this work predict a strong degeneracy between age, metallicity and IMF. I used the models to study which are the main evolutionary phases contributing to each IMF-sensitive index and found that most indices reach their final integrated values before the turn off. The post-main sequence stars contribute mainly to the continuum of these bands. Uncertainties in the the effective temperature of the isochrones can affect IMF estimates. The PSMs were applied to extragalactic globular clusters (GCs) and early-type galaxies (ETGs) using data from the literature. I determined the ages, metallicities and IMFs of these systems using index combinations in the optical and infrared. I explored how the morphology of the Horizontal Branch (HB) and dynamical evolution (which are key uncertainties in the modelling of GCs) can affect the IMF predictions. In a population with a Milky Way IMF, dynamical evolution can make the IMF indices mimic a bottom-light IMF. HB morphology has no impact on the IMF estimates at low [Fe/H]. In the IMF index-index diagrams for GCs, the results are significantly affected by the unknown sodium abundances of these systems. Using the PSMs in this work the best index combination to determine the IMF is CaH1 and TiO2. The ETGs and the [Fe/H]=0 GCs appear to have a bottom-heavy IMF with x ~ 3:0. These results are discussed in the work.

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Woo, Byungwon. "The Strategic Politics of IMF Conditionality". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275420293.

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Baechel, Nicholas J. "RELIEF AGENCY, HEGEMON, OR FAILURE? AN EVALUATION OF THE IMF AS CRISIS MANAGER". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1163097350.

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Hickson, Kevin Arthur. "The 1976 IMF crisis and British politics". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250108.

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White, Tristram Benedict Thirkell. "Legitimating the IMF lessons from the Asian crisis /". Thesis, Online version, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.420485.

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Brolin, Daniel, Christoffer Matsson i Christer Norén. "Ingripande mot folkmassa : Polisens nya taktik vid IMF". Thesis, Umeå University, Basic training programme for Police Officers, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-27177.

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Syftet med denna rapport är att undersöka hur den nya särskilda taktiken vid ingripande mot folkmassa (IMF) kommer att se ut. Eftersom det här arbetssättet är så pass nytt och ännu inte trätt ikraft, har det mesta av materialet som vi tagit del av kommit från en RPS-rapport som utarbetats av personer i den nationella arbetsgruppen, samt från en intervju med en person som kommer att beröras av resultatet i rapporten. Vi har utifrån materialet valt att begränsa oss till fem frågeställningar, varför vill man byta från den gamla IMF till den nya särskilda taktiken, vilka är förändringarna i taktiken, vilka förändringar införs i polismannens kroppsskyddsutrustning, vilka förändringar införs beträffande de fordon som används, vilken nytta skulle ett maskeringsförbud göra?. Med detta bakgrundsmaterial så har vi kommit fram till att huvudskälet till varför RPS vill byta taktik, är att förhindra att nya situationer uppstår likt den som inträffade i Göteborg 2001. För att åstadkomma den ökade beredskapen som detta kräver, ska kompetensen på de polismän som är verksamma vid dessa ingripanden höjas genom utbildningar i olika nivåer.

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Hack, Adeesha. "Global lies, the World Bank, IMF and poverty". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59114.pdf.

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Al-Ajlani, Riad. "Some issues regarding IMF and Third World relations". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261828.

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Książki na temat "IMF"

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Harinowo, Cyrillus. IMF: Penanganan krisis & Indonesia pasca-IMF. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2004.

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John, Williamson, i Institute for International Economics (U.S.), red. IMF Conditionality. Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 1985.

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Fund, International Monetary. Imf in Focus 2005 (Imf Supplement to the Imf Survey). International Monetary Fund, 2006.

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Fund, International Monetary. Imf in Focus 2004 (Imf Supplement to the Imf Survey). International Monetary Fund, 2004.

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Fund, International Monetary. Imf in Focus 2005 (Imf Supplement to the Imf Survey). International Monetary Fund, 2006.

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Fund, International Monetary. Imf in Focus 2004 (Imf Supplement to the Imf Survey). International Monetary Fund, 2004.

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Fund, International Monetary. Imf in Focus 2005 (Imf Supplement to the Imf Survey). International Monetary Fund, 2006.

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Fund, International Monetary. Imf in Focus 2004 (Imf Supplement to the Imf Survey). International Monetary Fund, 2004.

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Fund, International Monetary. Imf Survey. International Monetary Fund, 2007.

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Fund, International Monetary. Imf Survey. International Monetary Fund, 2006.

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Części książek na temat "IMF"

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Fischer, R. X., i W. H. Baur. "IMF". W Zeolite-Type Crystal Structures and their Chemistry. 41 New Framework Type Codes, 180–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41452-7_15.

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Breen, Michael. "IMF Lending". W The Politics of IMF Lending, 85–104. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137263810_6.

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Breen, Michael. "IMF Conditionality". W The Politics of IMF Lending, 123–40. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137263810_8.

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Holmes, Martin. "The IMF Crisis". W The Labour Government, 1974–79, 79–102. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09102-7_5.

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Holmes, Martin. "The IMF Crisis". W The Labour Government, 1974–79, 79–102. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07201-9_5.

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Thirkell-White, Ben. "An Evolving IMF". W The IMF and the Politics of Financial Globalization, 47–74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230514089_3.

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Bromm, Volker. "The Primordial IMF". W The Initial Mass Function 50 Years Later, 469–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3407-7_85.

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Pleines, Heiko. "Opposition to the Washington Consensus: The IMF and Social Policy Reforms in Post-Soviet Russia". W International Impacts on Social Policy, 275–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86645-7_22.

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AbstractFinancial collapse forced Russia into an agreement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1998. As part of its conditionality the IMF demanded severe cuts to the country’s social security system, which led to a public backlash against the agreement. However, six years later, after Russia had repaid all its debts to the IMF and started pursuing its economic policy independently, it re-introduced the monetisation of in-kind social benefits—one of the key reforms it had failed to implement as part of the earlier IMF agreement. The analysis of a similar reform attempt with and without IMF involvement shows that domestic policy-makers can genuinely subscribe to neoliberal reforms. It also helps to assess the IMF’s “mixed” approach to domestic opposition against its conditionality.

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Zinnecker, Hans. "IMF in Starburst Regions". W Light on Dark Matter, 277–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4672-9_59.

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Kasikci, Tamer. "International Monetary Fund (IMF)". W The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_345-1.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "IMF"

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Han, HyungSeok, i Sang Kil Cha. "IMF". W CCS '17: 2017 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3133956.3134103.

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Diehl, Eric. "Securing IMF". W SMPTE 2016 Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/m001722.

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Carson, Eric, i Simon Adler. "Scaling IMF: How to Manage 10,000 IMF Packages". W SMPTE 2016 Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/m001720.

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Pagano, Emanuele Vincenzo, L. Acosta, L. Auditore, T. Cap, G. Cardella, M. Casolino, E. De Filippo i in. "Signals for dynamical process from IMF-IMF correlation function". W 55th International Winter Meeting on Nuclear Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.302.0022.

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Helt, Francois, Benoit Fevrier, Frantz Delbecque, Xavier Brachet, Hans-Nikolas Locher i Marc Bourhis. "French Cinema Goes IMF". W SMPTE Technical Conference. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/m001505.

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Samanta, B., i C. Nataraj. "Intrinsic Mode Decomposition of Physiological Signals for Feature Extraction". W ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86806.

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This paper presents a study for extracting features from physiological signals using intrinsic mode decomposition. The complex, nonlinear and non-stationary biomedical signals are first decomposed into intrinsic mode functions (IMF). Next each IMF is subjected to morphological signal processing (MSP) for extracting features, namely, pattern spectrum entropy (PSEn), that characterize the shape-size complexity of the component signals. These along with other features like energy (E) and sample entropy (SampEn) are extracted from the individual IMF as well as the cumulative sums of IMF for characterizing the signals. The procedure is illustrated using heart sound signals digitally recorded during cardiac auscultation representing different cardiac conditions. The study examines the effectiveness of IMF based features in the assessment of cardiac state.

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Reston, Gillian, Ulrich du Bosque, Rowan de Pomerai, Dan Tatut, Tim Davis i Andrew Dunne. "Auxiliary Image Sequences in IMF". W SMPTE 2019 Annual Technical Conference & Exhibition. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/m001880.

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Kobayashi, Chiaki, Victor P. Debattista i C. C. Popescu. "Chemodynamical Simulations with Variable IMF". W HUNTING FOR THE DARK: THE HIDDEN SIDE OF GALAXY FORMATION. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3458465.

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Turan, Taner, Ayse Evrensel i Halit Yanıkkaya. "Economic Growth Effects of IMF Programs". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c15.02756.

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Using data for 110 countries and GMM estimations, we examine the effects of IMF programs on economic growth. In this context, we focus on the effects of program participation, program type, and the size of IMF loans on growth. Our empirical results indicate that IMF program participation and general conditionality do not have any significant growth effect. Consistent with expectations, inflation rate, government consumption, and fertility rate have negative and statistically significant effects on the growth rate. However, we obtain an interesting result when we divide IMF programs into two as concessional and non-concessional ones. Our results point out that that concessional programs do not have any significant effect, while non-concessional programs exert a negative impact on the growth rate. This finding clearly indicates the importance of making a distinction between program types. Finally, we find a positive effect of IMF credits (as a share of GDP) on economic growth.

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Yang, Fulun, Chin An Tan i Frank Chen. "Application of the Empirical Mode Decomposition Method to the Identification of Disc Brake Squeal". W ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39224.

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This paper investigates the identification of mechanisms of disc brake squeal by the application of a recently developed Empirical Mode Decomposition method (EMD). A known strength of the EMD is its adaptive nature in analyzing nonstationary data, with success in its original application to ocean mechanics. The EMD decomposes an original signal into a number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), with each IMF often containing distinct physical significance. Several sets of disc brake squeal data were obtained and processed by EMD. A typical set data is presented in this paper for discussion. Employing a sifting process in the EMD, four prominent squeal-related IMFs are identified in this set of data. The Hilbert transform is then used to analyze the frequency and amplitude contents of the four IMFs, and it is shown that the first IMF is dominant. The spectrogram method is applied to analyze the time-evolution of the frequency components of the IMFs in the squeal process. This analysis procedure confirms an important squeal mechanism, i.e., the squeal condition is governed by the coupling of in-plane and out-of-plane vibration modes of the rotor and the coalescence of their natural frequencies. The inverse approach outlined in this paper is shown to be useful for providing new insights and confirming established hypotheses of disc brake squeal.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "IMF"

1

Nawaz, Saima. Breaking Pakistan’s bad IMF habit. East Asia Forum, sierpień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1693000857.

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Eichengreen, Barry, Poonam Gupta i Ashoka Mody. Sudden Stops and IMF-Supported Programs. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, maj 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12235.

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Krueger, Anne. Whither the World Bank and the IMF? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, grudzień 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6327.

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Kho, Bong-Chan, i Rene Stulz. Banks, the IMF, and the Asian Crisis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, wrzesień 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7361.

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Takagi, Shinji. Funding the IMF in a divided world. East Asia Forum, październik 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1697536812.

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Bordo, Michael, Ashoka Mody i Nienke Oomes. Keeping Capital Flowing: The Role of the IMF. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, październik 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10834.

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Eichengreen, Barry, Kenneth Kletzer i Ashoka Mody. The IMF in a World of Private Capital Markets. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, marzec 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11198.

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Mohan, Deepanshu. Addressing emerging market economies’ growing debt amid IMF drift. East Asia Forum, grudzień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1702980019.

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Kentikelenis, Alexandros, i Thomas Stubbs. IMF Social Spending Floors: A fig leaf for austerity? Oxfam International, kwiecień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2023.621495.

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Apeti, Ablam Estel, i Kwamivi Gomado. IMF conditionality and structural reforms: Evidence from developing countries. UNU-WIDER, sierpień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2023/405-2.

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