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Guillemin, Hervé. "Amelioration de la resolution spatiale des images scintigraphiques de medecine nucleaire. Application a la glande thyroide". Cergy-Pontoise, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CERG0036.
Pełny tekst źródłaDary, Christophe. "Analyse géométrique d'image : application à la segmentation multi-échelle des images médicales". Nantes, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NANT07VS.
Pełny tekst źródłaMhedhbi, Imen. "Compression en qualité diagnostic de séquences d’images médicales pour des plateformes embarquées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066745.
Pełny tekst źródłaHospitals and medical centers produce an enormous amount of digital medical images every day especially in the form of image sequences. Due to the large storage size and limited transmission and width, an efficient compression technique is necessary. We first proposed a compressor algorithm for medical images sequences MMWaaves. It is based on Markov fields coupled with the certified medical device Waaves of Cira company. We demonstrated that MMWaaves provided a compression gains greater than 30% compared to JPEG2000 and Waaves while ensuring outstanding image quality for medical diagnosis (SSIM> 0.98). In addition, it achieved compression rates equal to those obtained by H.264 while improving the image quality. Then we developed a new compression algorithm MLPWaaves based on DWT difference followed by a new adaptive scanning model LPEAM in order to optimize the local stationary of wavelet coefficients. We obtained a compression gain up to 80% compared to Waaves and JPEG2000 while ensuring exceptional quality for medical diagnosis. Finally, in order to transmit medical images for diagnostic from the health center to the mobile device of the doctor, we proposed client-server remote radiology system for encoding and decoding. It is based on a multithreading paradigm to accelerate treatment. The validation of this solution was performed on two different platforms. We achieved an acceleration factor of 5 on an Intel Core i7-2600 and a factor of 3 on Samsung Galaxy tablet
Briot, Jérôme. "Contribution à la quantification objective des pathologies ostéo-articulaires par une approche interdisciplinaire en imagerie et biomécanique". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30161.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaillard, Matthis. "Towards the generation of glioblastoma atlases with deep learning methods : Tumor segmentation and metamorphic image registration". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAT020.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this thesis was to build an atlas of glioblastoma (brain tumors). In medical imaging, an atlas is an image or a set of images that are meant to represent the statistical distribution of a population. Often, this distribution takes the form of an image representing the population average and a set of deformation maps between this mean and each image. To construct an atlas, it is therefore important to correctly define the transformations between the images. Conventional registration methods assume that the two images have only a geometric difference - that is, the first image is the bijective deformation of the other. However, this is not the case in our context, where the two images do not have the same number of components (one of the two images has the tumor in addition). A challenge of this thesis was therefore to produce transformations between two images with different topologies.The first part of the thesis focused on the segmentation of brain tumors on MRI. Indeed, it is important to segment the tumors in order to precisely detect the location with the topological differences. Since our goal is to build an atlas from clinical images, we need a segmentation algorithm that performs well on patients with only one acquisition modality available (such as T1-weighted images). However, most of the state-of-the-art (SOTA) tumor segmentation algorithms need four modalities to perform well. The first goal of this thesis was thus to produce a segmentation algorithm that performs well on test images from a single modality, while leveraging information from multi-modal databases during training. To this end, we proposed a new method based on knowledge distillation (Hinton et al., 2015). We use a teacher network that takes four modalities as input and helps training a student network that takes as input only one of the teacher modalities. We compare the proposed method with several knowledge distillation strategies and show that this kind of methods performs well in a low-data regime and becomes less useful in a high-data regime.The second part of the thesis deals with the registration of a cancerous image onto a healthy image. We developed a method that, in addition to taking into account the geometric differences, it also considers the topological differences between two images. Inspired by Metamorphosis (Trouvé and Younès, 2005), a method developed to transform the geometry and intensity levels of an image, we used a residual neural network to solve the partial differential equations that encode the Metamorphosis framework. This allowed us to reformulate the method in a learning context, which greatly reduced the inference time once the network has been trained. Additionally, we encouraged an anatomically meaningful disentanglement between shape and appearance transformations by leveraging the (previously estimated) segmentation mask of the tumor. In this way, we allow appearance changes only in the regions where topological differences occur between source and target images (e.g., tumor). The developed registration method is thus an important tool in the construction of the glioblastoma atlas
Cotton, François. "Anatomie in vivo de l'encéphale et de la voûte en IRM : quantification informatisée et normalisation". Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10006.
Pełny tekst źródłaGermond, Laurence. "Trois principes de coopération pour la segmentation en imagerie de résonnance magnétique cérébrale". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004835.
Pełny tekst źródłaDevinoy, Raymond Henri. "Contribution à l'extraction de primitives, à la classification et au diagnostic dans le domaine biomédical". Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES072.
Pełny tekst źródłaBen, salem Yosra. "Fusion d'images multimodales pour l'aide au diagnostic du cancer du sein". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0062/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women over 40 years old. Indeed, studies evinced that an early detection and an appropriate treatment of breast cancer increases significantly the chances of survival. The mammography is the most tool used in the diagnosis of breast lesions. However, this technique may be insufficient to evince the structures of the breast and reveal the anomalies present. The doctor can use additional imaging modalities such as MRI (Magnetic Reasoning Image). Therefore, the doctor proceeds to a mental fusion of the different information on the two images in order to make the adequate diagnosis. To assist the doctor in this process, we propose a solution to merge the two images. Although the idea of the fusion seems simple, its implementation poses many problems not only related to the paradigm of fusion in general but also to the nature of medical images that are generally poorly contrasted images, and presenting heterogeneous, inaccurate and ambiguous data. Mammography images and IRM images present very different information representations, since they are taken under different conditions. Which leads us to pose the following question: How to pass from the heterogeneous representation of information in the image space, to another space of uniform representation from the two modalities? In order to treat this problem, we opt a multilevel processing approach : the pixel level, the primitive level, the object level and the scene level. We model the pathological objects extracted from the different images by local ontologies. The fusion is then performed on these local ontologies and results in a global ontology containing the different knowledge on the pathological objects of the studied case. This global ontology serves to instantiate a reference ontology modeling knowledge of the medical diagnosis of breast lesions. Case-based reasoning (CBR) is used to provide the diagnostic reports of the most similar cases that can help the doctor to make the best decision. In order to model the imperfection of the treated information, we use the possibility theory with the ontologies. The final result is a diagnostic reports containing the most similar cases to the studied case with similarity degrees expressed with possibility measures. A 3D symbolic model complete the diagnostic report with a simplified overview of the studied scene
Roullier, Vincent. "Classification floue et modélisation IRM : application à la quantification de la graisse pour une évaluation optimale des risques pathologiques associés à l'obésité". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348028.
Pełny tekst źródłaMundeleer, Laurent. "Modélisation d'un système de navigation chirurgicale pour le traitement par radio-fréquences des tumeurs du foie". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210264.
Pełny tekst źródłaDoctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Yu, Ting. "Modélisation de la propagation des ondes ultrasonores dans le béton pour l'amélioration du diagnostic des structures de génie civil". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0210/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaUltrasonic non-destructive testing (NDT) is used to characterize concrete, without degrading it, because of its relationship to its mechanical properties and composition. However, the measured signals resulting from successive diffusions and thus from multiple scattering are therefore complex to analyze. In order to optimize ultrasonic techniques, it is thus necessary to better understand the wave-material interactions in this type of medium and to better model the associated phenomena. In order to go beyond the limits of analytical homogenization models, in this thesis a two-dimensional numerical model describing the propagation of ultrasonic waves in a heterogeneous medium, adapted to concrete, is built in the SPECFEM2D software package. This model is compared to analytical models, and validated experimentally using a synthetic medium with high heterogeneity by comparing the two effective parameters of coherent waves: phase velocity and attenuation. This numerical model also makes it possible to take into account the viscoelasticity of the mortar by means of a quality factor. This quality factor is determined from measurements made for a series of mortars that we study. The complete set of numerical tools developed in this work can be used for several purposes: firstly, to carry out studies to evaluate the influence of certain parameters on wave propagation (the shape and distribution of aggregates), and secondly, the simulation of the measurement configurations implemented for a structure in order to optimize them in terms of the parameters involved, in particular the wave frequency. This better control of the measures will ultimately lead to better diagnosis
Nastar, Chahab. "Modèles physiques déformables et modes vibratoires pour l'analyse du mouvement non-rigide dans les images multidimensionnelles". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00569475.
Pełny tekst źródłaEl, Morr Christo. "Étude et développement d'un prototype de réseau d'archivage et de communication d'images médicales, accessible par Internet, Intranet et RNIS". Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMPD982.
Pełny tekst źródłaNguyen, Paul. "Aide informatique au diagnostic des lombalgies". Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT057M.
Pełny tekst źródłaCormier, Stéphane. "Classification non exclusive pour le recalage d'images cérébrales multimodalités". Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR3301.
Pełny tekst źródłaDa, Silva Anabela. "Méthodes optiques pour le diagnostic et l'imagerie biomédicale". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Aix-Marseille Université, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01053305.
Pełny tekst źródłaSignolle, Nicolas. "Approches multiéchelles pour la segmentation de très grandes images : application à la quantification de biomarqueurs en histopathologie cancérologique". Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01073319.
Pełny tekst źródłaSebbe, Raphaël. "Diagnostic assisté par ordinateur de l'embolie pulmonaire en imagerie CT (computer tomography) opacifiée". Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE2066.
Pełny tekst źródłaNauroy, Julien. "Traitements intéractifs d'images radiologiques et leurs utilisations cliniques". Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112169.
Pełny tekst źródłaMedical imaging benefits from the broadening availability of different image sources, not only for diagnostics purpose, but also to evaluate the efficiency of a treatment and guiding surgical procedures. Ln the mean time, the development of operatory techniques aims for laparoscopic surgery, which allows for a decrease ofrisks related to the surgical acts and the patient's hospitalization time. However, realizing the surgical procedure under laparoscopy is less intuitive because 0 the use of cameras with a narrow field ofview. Ln this manuscript, we propose new computerized methods which allow for a better interpretation of radiological images, as well as new medical uses for these images. The contributions we present not only affect visualization and processing 0 data, structure reconstruction, mono- and multi-modal fusion and planning and realization of laparoscopic interventions and punctures, but also industrial irnaging. The combined use of different image modalities, being radiological or not, allows for a better visualization, manipulation and understanding of tridimensional scenes, leading to a better accuracy in the observation and helping take a decision
BLANGY, JEAN-PIERRE. "Hibernome retroperitoneal : interets de l'imagerie pour le diagnostic d'une tumeur retroperitoneale". Nantes, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NANT095M.
Pełny tekst źródłaDesir, Chesner. "Classification automatique d'images, application à l'imagerie du poumon profond". Phd thesis, Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES053.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis deals with automated image classification, applied to images acquired with alveoscopy, a new imaging technique of the distal lung. The aim is to propose and develop a computer aided-diagnosis system, so as to help the clinician analyze these images never seen before. Our contributions lie in the development of effective, robust and generic methods to classify images of healthy and pathological patients. Our first classification system is based on a rich and local characterization of the images, an ensemble of random trees approach for classification and a rejection mechanism, providing the medical expert with tools to enhance the reliability of the system. Due to the complexity of alveoscopy images and to the lack of expertize on the pathological cases (unlike healthy cases), we adopt the one-class learning paradigm which allows to learn a classifier from healthy data only. We propose a one-class approach taking advantage of combining and randomization mechanisms of ensemble methods to respond to common issues such as the curse of dimensionality. Our method is shown to be effective, robust to the dimension, competitive and even better than state-of-the-art methods on various public datasets. It has proved to be particularly relevant to our medical problem
Desir, Chesner. "Classification Automatique d'Images, Application à l'Imagerie du Poumon Profond". Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00879356.
Pełny tekst źródłaDesroches, Jérôme. "Conception, mise en oeuvre et caractérisation d'un nouveau dispositif d'imagerie polarimétrique par fibre optique pour l'aide au diagnostic médical in vivo in situ". Limoges, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIMO4021.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this PhD thesis was to conceive and characterize a new fiber optic device for in vivo in situ endoscopic polarization imaging. The association of an endoscopic imaging technique with a polarization analysis process was made possible thanks to the use of a miniaturized Faraday rotator real-time comensates the birefringence of the optical fiber. This device allows to extract useful polarization parameters such as the phase delay induced by a target of interest of the degree of polarization of the light relected by this target. For the first time, polarization images were obtained through a flexible optical guide, in particular those of biological samples containing type I collagen (pork's tendon). These images allow to clearly discriminate healthy regions from spoiled ones, wich could potentially be pathological regions
Hernandez, Mier Yahir Wolf Didier Blondel Walter. "Construction rapide d'images panoramiques applicables à l'exploration cystoscopique et à l'endoscopie de fluorescence en cancérologie". S. l. : INPL, 2007.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaJamgotchian, Lucie. "Micelles fluorées et polydiacétyléniques pour la thérapie et le diagnostic". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASF037.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn recent years, medicine is an area in which nanotechnologies have shown great promise, particularly for diagnostic and drug delivery applications. The challenge of nanomedicine is to pass active molecules through the various biological barriers and reach specific targets in an effective and non-toxic way. In the laboratory, we are particularly interested in micellar nanoparticles. Micelles are amphiphilic molecules consisting of two distinct regions with opposite affinities. They self-assemble as colloidal particles with a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic corona. When used as an aqueous carrier, micelles can effectively solubilize pharmaceuticals in their core and thus enhance their therapeutic and/or diagnostic activity. It is in this context that my thesis work is part of. In a first part, we will discuss the synthesis of stabilized polydiacetylenic micelles. These micelles will be used for the management of an anti-inflammatory compound and the formulation will be validated in vitro and in vivo for the treatment of atherosclerosis. The micelles will also be combined with a ligand for active plaque targeting. In a second part, we will focus on the development of micelles incorporating a perfluorinated core for diagnostic application. Here we will exploit the ability of micellar objects to target tumor tissues by EPR effect and the accumulation of micelles will be visualized by fluorine-19 MRI in vivo. Finally, in a last part, gold nanoparticles will be encapsulated in fluorinated micelles and used for CT-scan imaging targeting tumor tissues. The presence of gold ensures X-ray contrast and the fluorinated phases provide oxygen solubilization. We would like to exploit the latter property in order to transport oxygen to the cancerous tissues (which are most often hypoxic) and thus potentiate radiotherapy treatments by generating larger quantities of reactive cytotoxic oxygen species
Deleau, Céline Buecher Bruno. "Diagnostic de récidive de cancer colorectal par PET-Scan". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=21566.
Pełny tekst źródłaCollet, Frédéric. "Conception d'un système embarqué pour l'aide au diagnostic dans les véhicules". Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0503.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaymond, Frédéric. "Bio-informatique pour la génomique et le diagnostic des maladies infectieuses". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28218/28218.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSequencing a genome is a milestone in the study of an organism. Bioinformatics allow both to better understand single organisms and to compare them to related species through comparative genomics. This thesis centers on the idea that genome sequence of parasites and viruses can be used in various ways to better understand these microorganisms. Transcriptomics and comparative genomics were used to study the protozoan parasite Leishmania in order to better understand its virulence, its resistance to antiparasitic drugs, and its dimorphic life-cycle, which includes a flagellated free form named promastigote and an aflagellate intracellular form named amastigote. In order to study gene expression in Leishmania, an integrated management and analysis system was created, along with protocols designed for Leishmania microarrays analysis. Four studies using this system are briefly described. In another study, the genome of Leishmania (sauroleishmania) tarentolae, a lizard parasite, was sequenced and compared to human pathogenic Leishmania species. This study showed little difference between the Leishmania species, although L. tarentolae seems to contain less genes associated to the amastigote life-cycle, including the amastin gene. Two gene families were highly expanded in L. tarentolae: the surface metalloprotease GP63 and the promastigote antigen protein PSA31C. These results provide a better understanding of L. tarentolae biology and give insights on the genes involved in virulence in pathogenic Leishmania species. The second part of this thesis concerns the creation of a molecular diagnostic assay for the detection and identification of 25 respiratory virus types, including the influenza A/H1N1 pandemic strain and the avian influenza A/H5N1 strain. This assay was created by analyzing genome sequences available from public repositories and it was afterwards tested on laboratory and clinical virus strains. Although Leishmania and respiratory viruses are distantly related, the approaches used in both projects were similar. Thus, bioinformatics is an essential and ubiquitous science that allows to solve problems in different areas (“omics”) of biology.
Bittar, Eric. "Modèles déformables surfaciques, implicites et volumiques, pour l'imagerie médicale". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1998. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00004869.
Pełny tekst źródłaBittar, Eric. "Modèles déformables surfaciques, implicites et volumiques, pour l'imagerie médicale". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004869.
Pełny tekst źródłaFall, Sidy. "Apport de l'analyse spectrale du signal BOLD à l'étude de la connectivité fonctionnelle en imagerie par résonnance magnétique". Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIED012.
Pełny tekst źródłaBivariate spectral analysis of fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) time-series that we have developed and which has allowed us to investigate the brain functional connectivity. Conversely to standard temporal methods, the study of covariance structure between signals, within the frequency domain, can permit to overcome regional differences in the physiological noise, intra and inter subject variability of BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level Dependant) response. With a non parametric estimation of the cross-spectral density function, we have estimated spectral parameters of phase and coherence between BOLD signals (regions). Confidence limits associated to these parameters have also been estimated. The interactivity between two regions was accessed through coherence and a topological distance (functional distance). Partial coherence has been also investigated to study a possible effect of modulation induced by a third region over two functionally connected regions and engaged in the task. We have applied this method of functional connectivity to specific circuits of three motor regions. A preparation and execution motor task has been performed. The main results of this study showed that the BOLD signal in the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) leads both the SMA-proper and the primary motor cortex (M1) during the preparation period. During this period, the strength of interaction between the coupling pre-SMA/M1 was significantly higher than the strength of interaction between the coupling SMA-proper/M1. Inversely, during the execution period of the task, the strength of interaction between the coupling SMA-proper/M1 was significantly higher than the strength of interaction between the coupling pre-SMA/M1. The analysis of the partial coherence has showed a significant common influence of the superior frontal gyrus on the relationship between pre-SMA and M1 regions during the preparation period. Spectral analysis with fMRI data has been successfully used to investigate the functional connectivity in the human brain
Marque, Isabelle Demongeot Jacques. "Segmentation d'images médicales tridimensionnelles basée sur une modélisation continue du volume". S.l. : Université Grenoble 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00338755.
Pełny tekst źródłaDavis, Arthur. "Tomographie par cohérence optique confocale en ligne multimodale pour le diagnostic non invasif des cancers cutanés". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLO004/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaSkin cancer is a major public health issue. Among all types of cancer, skin cancer has the highest prevalence rate and the number of cases seems to be steadily increasing. Currently, the gold standard of skin cancer diagnosis requires a sample of suspicious tissue, called a biopsy, removed after a simple visual inspection of the patient's skin. Consequently, almost 60 % of biopsies result in benign diagnoses, and approximately 20 % of all skin cancers are missed.The research presented in this thesis revolves around the development of a line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) device capable of producing non-invasive in vivo images similar in quality to histological cuts. The designed prototype operates at a center wavelength around 800 nm with a spectral width of approximately 150 nm. It has been applied to in vivo skin imaging with an almost isotropic spatial resolution of about 1 µm and a depth penetration reaching 400 µm. This device could thus be used to improve the efficiency of skin cancer diagnosis by limiting the number of undiagnosed cases and the number of unnecessary biopsies.We then present a LC-OCT device system operating in two spectral bands centered around 770 nm and 1250 nm. The first band produces high resolution images (1.3 µm x 1.2 µm, lateral x axial) while the second provides enhanced penetration depth (700 µm). By merging the images acquired in the two bands it has been possible to produce images with both high resolution and high penetration. Moreover, acquiring images of a sample in two different spectral bands can give, to a certain extent, information on the spectral properties of the sample.Lastly, we present a proof-of-concept LC-OCT prototype coupled together with a Raman microscope, as well as some application examples. Raman microscopy is a spectroscopic method capable of identifying molecules present in a sample and thus measuring the "fingerprint" of a sample. This modality could then provide complementary information to the morphological images provided by LC-OCT about the biomolecular composition of the sample
Trillaud, Hervé. "Imagerie fonctionnelle du rein par résonance magnétique". Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR28439.
Pełny tekst źródłaDebon, Philippe. "Intérêts de l'imagerie dans le diagnostic de l'artère poplitée piégée". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M178.
Pełny tekst źródłaLeclercq, Jean François. "Imagerie microonde active pour applications biomédicales : systèmes 2D et 3D monochromatiques". Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112285.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work concerns microwave imaging systems, based upon the method of diffraction tomography. We can obtain informations about dielectric properties and physical parameters influencing them as, for instance, the temperature. The principle can be described in this way the abject under investigation is illuminated by a plane wave, with a wave length of about one centimeter. This creates inside the abject equivalent currents, which generate a diffracted field in the whole space. From the measure of the diffracted field, we can obtain the equivalent currents. We have studied the reconstruction algorithms, in two and three dimensions for multiview monochromatic systems, the improving of the resolution, and the decreasing of the total time for the obtention of an image, and also the numerical and experimental checkings of the theoretical results. We employ the spectrum of plane waves method which gives an easy relation between the Fourier transforms of the diffracted field and of the equivalent currents. Experimentally in three dimensions, we measured the electric field on a plane area with a microwave camera, using the modulated scattering technique. We have caracterised this camera and we present here the first results obtained with phantoms
El, Khaïr El Idrissi Abdelhak. "Modélisation d'un système expert hybride pour le diagnostic : application au diagnostic de pannes des tracteurs agricoles". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ECAP0153.
Pełny tekst źródłaBauchet, Anne-Laure. "Etude des processus inflammatoires de la substance blanche du système nerveux central chez le macaque : mise au point de deux modèles : étude anatomo-pathologique et corrélation avec l’imagerie". Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066229.
Pełny tekst źródłaA perinatal encephalopathy (EP) and an experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis have been set up in cynomolgus monkeys and characterized by histologic and imaging technics. EP model, based on the intra-amniotic infusion of LPS (lipopolysaccharide) induced lower birth weight, and in the brain a decreased myelination, a lower number of interneurons in the caudate nucleus and a lower number of mitotic cells. EAE was induced in 8 out of 8 animals by rhMOG (myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein) immunization in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant. A long evolution (3 animals / 8) was associated with subacute and chronic demyelinating lesions lower IgM titer whereas a monophasic course (5 animals / 8) was associated with acute lesions characterized by necrosis, hemorrhage and a higher IgM titer. These models open perspectives about the physiology of these affections and the validation of imaging in their diagnostic
Goguelet, Blanc Annie Kimakhe Saïd Huet Pascal. "Moyens d'investigation en imagerie médicale applicables à l'implantologie orale endo-osseuse actualités et perspectives d'avenir /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/CDgoguelet.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaLatry, Christine. "Intérêt des techniques d'imagerie dans le diagnostic des spondylodiscites infectieuses non tuberculeuses : étude rétrospective clinique et paraclinique portant sur 33 patients". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR23038.
Pełny tekst źródłaDousset, Vincent. "Imagerie par transfert de magnétisation : application in vivo à l'étude des tissus cérébraux normaux et à la caractérisation des lésions de sclérose en plaques et d'encéphalomyélyte allergique aiguë expérimentale". Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR23082.
Pełny tekst źródłaRasata, Ravelo Andriamparany. "Méthode optique par réflexion diffuse pour le diagnostic du ganglion sentinelle". Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2010/RASATA_Ravelo_Andriamparany_2010.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaLamy, Julien. "Calcul du chemin central du côlon pour une analyse locale des pathologies". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/LAMY_Julien_2005.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaColon cancer is one of the most frequent cause of cancer, for both genders. The standard exam to detect cancerous or pre-cancerous structures is optical colonoscopy, which has a low acceptance among patients, and presents risks of colon perforation. It is moreover often impossible to reach the cæcum, which forbids a complete analysis of the colon. Virtual colonoscopy techniques, appeared in the last ten years, allow to replace the optical colonoscopy exam by a CT or MR exam. A physician can then navigate inside the colon, without the limitations due to optical colonoscopy:the navigation is no more limitted by the presence of the endoscope, the whole colon can thus be explored, and the structures can be viewed from every angle. The first part of this thesis present different methods to segment the colon lumen, based on photometric criteria. Global and local methods are presented, leading to a common segmentation framework for CT and MR images. The second part concerns the detection of the central path. We present a skeletonization and pruning algorithm of the colon, then an algorithm to remove the loops resulting from imperfections in the original image. The third part concerns the local detection of cancerous structures. So that we can work locally, we give an algorithm to cover the colon with sections that are orthogonal to its central path. These sections allow us to propose local detection methods for cancerous structures
Sfikas, Giorgos. "Modèles statistiques non linéaires pour l'analyse de formes : application à l'imagerie cérébrale". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789793.
Pełny tekst źródłaLevantal, Olivier. "Adénocarcinome pancréatique d'origine ductale : diagnostic et bilan d'extension en tomodensitométrie, analyse rétrospective de 33 cas opérés". Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR23057.
Pełny tekst źródłaHu, He-Xuan. "Modèle formel pour intégrer le diagnostic de fautes multiples et la reconfiguration". Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10077.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research presents a new formal framework for integrating multi-fault diagnosis and reconfiguration. The main idea is to use the STRIPS (STanford Research Institute Problem Solver), a formal language for automated planning which can integrate the cause_effect knowledge and the automated reasoning mechanism into one model. The multi-fault diagnostic process and its consistency-checking module are all based on the models defined by STRIPS actions. Moreover, the fault models are introduced into the consistency-checking module for preventing the impossible diagnoses. The STRIPS can qualitatively define the fault models without requiring detail and precise knowledge of faulty components. According to the results of diagnosis, the reconfiguration updates the system’s model. It uses the model checking to verify whether the updated model satisfies the desired objectives. These objectives are described by a temporal language
Savoye-Collet, Céline. "Imagerie fonctionnelle du tube digestif". Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUE04NR.
Pełny tekst źródłaDelzescaux, Thierry. "Recalage de séquences d'images pour l'étude de la perfusion myocardique en imagerie par résonance magnétique". Cergy-Pontoise, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CERG0124.
Pełny tekst źródłaWith the advent of ultra-fast MRI, it is now possible to assess non-invasively regional myocardial perfusion with multislice coverage and sub-second temporal resolution. First-pass contrast enhanced stidies are acquired with ECG-triggering and breath holding. Nevertheless, some respiratory induced movements still remain. Myocardial perfusion can be assessed locally by parametric imaging methods such as Factor Analysis of Medical Image Sequence (FAMIS), provided that residual motion can be corrected. An a posteriori registration method implemented in the image domain is proposed. It is based on an adaptive registration model of the heart combining three elementary shapes (left ventricle, right ventricle and pericardium). The registration procedure is performed on a potential mapa derived from the distant map. To evaluate the quality of the registration procedure a superimposition score between the registration model and the contour automatically extracted in the sequence is proposed. Rigid transformation hypotheses and registration analysis provide an efficient and automatic method which allows the rejection of outlier images, such as : out of synchronisation images, out of plane acquisitions. When compared to a manual registration method, this approach reduces processing time and requires a minimal intervention from the operator. The proposed method performs registration with a subpixel accuracy. The parameters of the method have been optimised on simulated data. The proposed post-processing has been successfully applide without any modification to clinical data (rest, stress) including 13 patients and one multi-slice examination. It should facilitate the use of MR first-pass perfusion stidies in clinical pratice
Keyzer, Caroline. "Imagerie de l'appendicite aiguë chez l'adulte". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210229.
Pełny tekst źródłaA travers quatre études, nous avons montré que l’US et la TDM sans contraste IV ou entérique ont des performances similaires quant au diagnostic d’appendicite aiguë et de pathologies alternatives, indépendamment de l’expérience du radiologue et de la corpulence du patient. Néanmoins, les examens non concluants (sans diagnostic d’appendicite aiguë ni de pathologie alternative mais où l’appendice n’est pas vu) sont plus fréquents en US qu’en TDM. L’appendice normal, dont la visualisation permet d’exclure le diagnostic d’appendicite aiguë, est plus fréquemment visible en TDM qu’en US, mais en TDM la reproductibilité quant à considérer la même structure comme étant l’appendice dépend du lecteur. L’injection IV de contraste iodé n’augmente pas la proportion d’appendices détectés mais la reproductibilité d’un lecteur particulier. Aucune caractéristique du sujet ni de son appendice, y compris son environnement abdominal, ne permet de prédire cette reproductibilité. La performance de la TDM est constante quelle que soit la dose d’irradiation ou le recours au contraste IV et/ou entérique, indépendamment de la corpulence du patient. La hiérarchie de l’information apportée par les signes évocateurs d’appendicite aiguë n’est pas influencée par la dose; l’infiltration de la graisse péri-appendiculaire et le diamètre appendiculaire en étant les signes les plus prédictifs, malgré le moindre rapport signal/bruit de l’image générée à faible dose. La fréquence de visualisation de l’appendice est aussi indépendante de cette dose. L’exactitude du diagnostic dépend principalement du lecteur mais pas du contraste – quelle qu’en soit la voie d’administration (orale ou IV) – ni de la dose d’irradiation. Le genre du patient influence cependant cette exactitude, le diagnostic étant plus fréquemment correct chez l’homme que chez la femme, en particulier dans les pathologies alternatives.
En conclusion, comme les techniques US et TDM que nous avons investiguées ont des performances équivalentes, les risques associés à l’irradiation et au contraste doivent intervenir dans leur choix. L’US, utilisée en première intention, devrait être complétée par la TDM si son résultat n’est pas concluant. Dans ce cas, la TDM devrait être réalisée, toujours à basse dose d’irradiation, d’abord sans puis, si nécessaire, avec contraste IV et/ou oral.
Doctorat en Sciences médicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished