Gotowa bibliografia na temat „IGF Type 2”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Spis treści
Zobacz listy aktualnych artykułów, książek, rozpraw, streszczeń i innych źródeł naukowych na temat „IGF Type 2”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "IGF Type 2"
1
Hansenne, Isabelle Sylvie, Chantal Renard i Vincent Geenen. "Igf2 expression is required for complete tolerance to insulin (128.19)". Journal of Immunology 178, nr 1_Supplement (1.04.2007): S213—S214. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.128.19.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract All members of insulin gene family are transcribed in human thymus according a hierarchy whereby IGF2 expression (thymic epithelial cells/TEC) exceeds IGF1 (macrophages), which exceeds INS (medullary TEC). Type 1 and type 2 IGF receptors are expressed by thymic T-cell populations. To further study the expression of IGF-2 in thymus, the dominance of this factor was compared to insulin, while ontogenesis of Igf2, insulin1 and insulin2 transcription was studied in Balb/c pancreas and thymus. In 4-wk old thymi, IGF-2 concentration is higher than insulin content. Ontogenesis of Igf2, insulin1 and insulin2 transcription from E13 to post-natal day 2 does not differ in Balb/c thymus and pancreas. In a second step, tolerance to IGF-2 and insulin was assessed by immunization of Igf2−/− mice. The profile of B-cell response in Igf2−/− mice immunized with IGF-2 evidenced a T-dependent profile of anti-IGF-2 antibodies that was absent in Igf2+/+ mice. This T-dependent isotype switch indicates the presence of specific anti-IGF-2 CD4+ T cells. Cloning of these T cells failed because Igf2−/− CD4+ T cells exhibit a low rate of proliferation in presence of IGF-2. After immunization with insulin, Igf2−/− mice developed a significantly higher humoral response against insulin, indicating that Igf2 expression is necessary for complete tolerance to insulin.
2
Ballard, F. J., M. Ross, F. M. Upton i G. L. Francis. "Specific binding of insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 to the type 1 and type 2 receptors respectively". Biochemical Journal 249, nr 3 (1.02.1988): 721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2490721.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
1. Competitive binding and receptor cross-linking experiments have been used to examine the receptor-ligand interactions between three bovine insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and monolayer cultures of myoblasts and fibroblasts. 2. Labelled IGF-2 bound predominantly to the type 2 receptor with negligible label cross-linked to the type 1 receptor, notwithstanding the ability of IGF-2 to compete effectively for the binding of IGF-1 to the type 1 receptor. Approx. 100-fold higher concentrations of IGF-1 or the N-terminal truncated (des-Gly-Pro-Glu) IGF-1 (-3N:IGF-1) were required to produce competition equivalent to IGF-2. 3. All IGF peptides, but especially IGF-1, enhanced the binding of labelled IGF-2 to the type 2 receptor of lung fibroblasts. This unusual effect was probably a consequence of the displacement of labelled IGF-2 otherwise bound to a medium protein, a conclusion supported by the demonstration of a 38 kDa membrane protein cross-linked to labelled IGF-2. 4. Both IGF-1 and -3N:IGF-1 bound only to the type 1 IGF receptor in L6 myoblasts, rat vascular smooth-muscle cells and human lung fibroblasts. The peptides competed for labelled IGF-1 binding with potencies in the order -3N:IGF-1 greater than IGF-1 greater than IGF-2 much greater than insulin. Since the IGF peptides were equipotent in skin fibroblasts, it was proposed that the apparently higher affinity of -3N:IGF-1 for receptors in the other cell types was instead a consequence of a low affinity of this peptide for the competing 38 kDa binding protein.
3
Louis, Céline, Chantal Renard, Alain Bosseloir, Ilse Weets, Frans Gorus i Vincent Geenen. "Humoral and cellular immune responses to IGF-2 in type 1 diabetes (128.21)". Journal of Immunology 178, nr 1_Supplement (1.04.2007): S214. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.128.21.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Background IGF-2 is the dominant member of insulin family expressed in the thymus, Igf2 expression contributes to complete tolerance of insulin, and Igf2 transcription is defective in the thymus of diabetes-prone BB rats. Objectives To evaluate the immunological tolerance to IGF-2 in T1D patients; andTo analyse the type of cellular response induced by IGF-2 B11-25, the homologous sequence of Insulin B9-23, a major T1D auto-antigen. Results Using a sensitive and specific radio-binding assay, the presence of autoantibodies against IGF-2 was investigated in 100 newly diagnosed T1D patients and 100 healthy controls. No significant difference appeared between the two groups.We also investigated the profile of IL-10/IFN-γ secretion following presentation of Insulin B9-23 and IGF-2 B11-25 to PBMCs from T1D patients and healthy controls. Compared to Insulin B9-23 in ELISpot, ELISA and real-time RT-PCR, the presentation of IGF-2 B11-25 induced a regulatory/tolerogenic profile with a significantly higher increase of IL10 transcription and IL-10 secretion. Conclusions The very strong tolerance to IGF-2 is associated to active regulatory properties that might be exploited for development of a tolerogenic self-vaccine against T1D. (Supported by the Belgian NFSR, Walloon Region TOLEDIAB project, and FP6 Euro-Thymaide Integrated Project)
4
Rosenzweig, Steven A. "The Continuing Evolution of Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling". F1000Research 9 (23.03.2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.22198.1.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs; IGF1/IGF2), known for their regulation of cell and organismal growth and development, are evolutionarily conserved ligands with equivalent peptides present in flies (D. melanogaster), worms (C. elegans) among others. Two receptor tyrosine kinases, the IGF1 receptor and the insulin receptor mediate the actions of these ligands with a family of IGF binding proteins serving as selective inhibitors of IGF1/2. This treatise reviews recent findings on IGF signaling in cancer biology and central nervous system function. This includes overexpression of IGF1 receptors in enhancing tumorigenesis, acquired resistance and contributions to metastasis in multiple cancer types. There is accumulating evidence that insulin resistance, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes, occurs in the central nervous system, independent of systemic insulin resistance and characterized by reduced insulin and IGF1 receptor signaling, and may contribute to dementias including Alzheimer’s Disease and cognitive impairment. Controversy over the role(s) of IGF signaling in cancer and whether its inhibition would be of benefit, still persist and extend to IGF1’s role in longevity and central nervous system function.
5
Al-janaby, Mohammed Salih, Mohammed Qais Al-ani i Marrib N. Rasheed. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME IMMUNOLOGICAL FACTORS AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN IRAQI PATIENTS". Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, nr 6 (7.06.2018): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i6.25881.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Objective: To determine whether elevated levels of the inflammatory markers interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and insulin – like growth factor-1 are associated with development of type 2 DM in Iraqi sample.Methods: A total number of 150 samples in this study, including 75 diabetes mellitus patients and 75 healthy people (control) This study was conducted from August 2016 to February 2017. All samples were collected from Anbar city, Iraq. Serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and IGF. were determined using a commercially available enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA).Results: The results of the present study showed that there was a difference in the mean values of IL-6, IL-8 and IFG between the group of patients with type 2 diabetes and the control group The results showed a negative correlation between IL-6 and IL-8, while the correlation between IL-6 and IGF and between IL -8 and IGF was showed positive correlationConclusion: Elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-8 predict the development of type 2 DM. These data support a possible role for inflammation in diabetogenesis. Type 2 diabetes as well as pre-diabetic states, including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, are associated cross-sectionally with altered circulating levels of IGF-I . decline in the levels of IGF-I dependent on duration of diabetes in non insuline dependent diabetic patients.
6
Ballard, F. J., L. C. Read, G. L. Francis, C. J. Bagley i J. C. Wallace. "Binding properties and biological potencies of insulin-like growth factors in L6 myoblasts". Biochemical Journal 233, nr 1 (1.01.1986): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2330223.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Protein synthesis in rat L6 myoblasts is stimulated and protein breakdown inhibited in a co-ordinate manner by insulin-like growth factors (IGF) or insulin. For both processes, bovine IGF-1 was somewhat more potent than human IGF-1, which was effective at a tenth the concentration of insulin, rat IGF-2 or human IGF-2. A similar order of potency is noted when DNA synthesis or protein accumulation is monitored over a 24 h period, but between 20- and 50-fold higher concentrations of each growth factor are required than those needed to produce effects in the 4 h protein-synthesis or -breakdown measurements. Binding experiments with labelled human or bovine IGF-1 as ligand demonstrated competition at concentrations of IGF-2, especially human IGF-2, lower than that of either IGF-1 preparation. This pattern was much more pronounced when the radioligand was either human IGF-2 or rat IGF-2. Insulin competed 10-15% for the binding of labelled IGF-1, but not at all with labelled IGF-2. Ligand-receptor cross-linking experiments showed that labelled bovine IGF-1 bound approximately equally to the type 1 IGF receptor (Mr 130000 after reduction) and to the type 2 IGF receptor (Mr 270000 after reduction), and that unlabelled IGF-1 competed equally with radioligand binding to both receptors. On the other hand, rat IGF-2 competed more effectively for binding to the type-2 receptor, and insulin competed only for binding to the type-1 receptor. Further cross-linking experiments with rat IGF-2 as radioligand demonstrated binding only to the type-2 receptor and to proteins with Mr values after reduction of 230000 and 200000. This binding was prevented by high rat IGF-2 concentrations, less effectively by bovine IGF-1 and not at all by insulin. The apparently conflicting biological potencies and receptor binding of the different growth factors can be explained if all the biological actions are mediated via the type-1 IGF receptor, rather than through the abundant type-2 receptor.
7
Schuller, A. G. P., J. W. van Neck, R. W. Beukenholdt, E. C. Zwarthoff i S. L. S. Drop. "IGF, type I IGF receptor and IGF-binding protein mRNA expression in the developing mouse lung". Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 14, nr 3 (czerwiec 1995): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0140349.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
ABSTRACT The IGFs are important mitogens involved in lung growth and development. The regulation of IGF action depends not only on the expression of IGFs and IGF receptors, but also on the modulation of IGF activity by IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). In this study, we describe the mRNA expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, type I IGF receptor, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-5 during mouse lung development as studied by in situ hybridization techniques. The IGF, type I IGF receptor and IGFBP-2, -4 and -5 genes were expressed in developing lung as early as embryonal day 12·5. Expression of IGFBPs-1, -3 and -6 was below detection. IGF and IGFBP-2 mRNAs were expressed both in mesenchymal and epithelial cells. Type I IGF receptor transcripts were also observed throughout the developing lung, with the exception of the epithelial cells of the bronchi after embryonal day 15. Furthermore, mRNA expression of IGFBPs-4 and -5 was noted in neighbouring cell types, and after embryonal day 15, co-expression of the type I IGF receptor and IGFBP-4 transcripts was detected. The observed expression patterns imply that the IGFBP-2, -4 and -5 genes are differentially regulated during embryonic development and suggest that each may have a discrete function. A possible role for IGFBPs-2, -4 and -5 is to participate in the regulation of cell-specific IGF responses during mouse lung development.
8
Wasim, H., M. Abdelmonem, S. Samir i A. Salah. "Monitoring Of IGF-1 Levels In Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Macro And Microvascular Complications". American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (październik 2020): S127—S128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.279.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Introduction/Objective Introduction: Type-2 diabetes have a risk factor of multiple complications such as coronary artery diseases (CAD), premature atheroscalerosis and diabetic retinopathy. IGF-1 is regulated by a balance of hormones such as growth hormone and insulin. It is important that circulating IGF1 in serum has normal levels to maintain glucose metabolism. Objectives: Monitoring of IGF-1levels in T2DM with macrovascular complications (CVD) and microvascular complications (retinopathy). Methods Subjects and methods: The collection of samples started in June 2018 and ended in December 2018. A total of 114 subjects were enrolled in this study; 98 clinically diagnosed T2D patients who were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the National Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology “NIDE”, in addition to 16 healthy comparable control subjects (without diabetes). The subjects divided into 3 groups. Group 1; a population of 44 T2D patients with macrovascular complications (28 females and 16 males), the mean age was 57.4 years. Group 2; a population of 54 T2D patients with microvascular complicatios (34 females and 20 males), the mean age was 59.1 years. Group 3; a population of 16 healthy subjects (12 female and 4 males), the mean age was 59.2 years. Levels of FBS, C-peptide, HbA1c, Lipid profile, lipoprotein(a), hs-CRP and microalbuminurea were measured in all subjects. Seum concentration of IGF-1 was measured by commercially immunoenzymatic ELIZA method. Results It was found that serum concentration of IGF-1 decreased in diabetic patients groups compared to the control one. The mean±SD of group 1, group 2 and group 3 were (332.2±152.2), (316.9 ±142.2) and (625.4 ± 257.7) respectively. Conclusion It was observed that there was a negative correlation between serum IGF-1 levels in T2D patients compared to the control group. Also, it was found that T2D patients with microvascular complications had lower IGF-1 levels than patients with macrovascular ones. It seems that IGF-1 strongly involved in the incidence and pathogenesis of T2DM complications.
9
Narayanan, Ram P., Matthew Gittins, Kirk W. Siddals, Robert L. Oliver, Julie E. Hudson, Anne White, Paul Durrington, Robert R. Davies, Martin K. Rutter i J. Martin Gibson. "Atorvastatin administration is associated with dose-related changes in IGF bioavailability". European Journal of Endocrinology 168, nr 4 (kwiecień 2013): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-12-0844.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
ObjectiveIGF levels, their binding proteins (IGFBPs) and high-dose statin therapy have been linked to the development of diabetes. We aimed to identify whether atorvastatin caused dose-related changes in IGF proteins.Design and methodsWe measured IGF1, IGF2, IGFBP1 and IGFBP3 concentrations at baseline, 6 and 12 months in Protection Against Nephropathy in Diabetes with Atorvastatin trial participants with type 2 diabetes randomised to 10 mg (n=59) vs 80 mg (n=60) of atorvastatin (n=119; mean (s.d.): age 64 (10) years; 83% male; HbA1c 61 (10) mmol/mol; blood pressure 131/73 mmHg).ResultsAtorvastatin was associated with overall reductions in circulating IGF1, IGF2 and IGFBP3 concentrations (P<0.05 for all changes). The adjusted mean (95% CI) between-group differences that indicate dose-related changes in IGF proteins were not significant for IGF1: −3 (−21 to 14) ng/ml; IGF2: −23 (−65 to 18) ng/ml and IGFBP3: −0.34 (−0.71 to 0.03) μg/ml, negative values indicating numerically greater lowering with high dose. The IGFBP1 concentration did not change with atorvastatin therapy overall but the adjusted mean (95% CI) between-group difference indicating a dose-related change in log IGFBP1 was highly significant −0.41 (−0.69 to 0.13, P=0.004).ConclusionIGF1, IGF2 and IGFBP3 concentrations decreased following atorvastatin therapy. A differential effect of low- vs high-dose atorvastatin on IGFBP1 concentrations was observed with likely implications for IGF bioavailability. The dose-related differential impact of atorvastatin treatment on concentration of IGF proteins merits investigation as a mechanism to explain the worsening of glucose tolerance with statin therapy.
10
Kirk, S. P., M. A. Whittle, J. M. Oldham, P. M. Dobbie i J. J. Bass. "GH regulation of the Type 2 IGF receptor in regenerating skeletal muscle of rats". Journal of Endocrinology 149, nr 1 (kwiecień 1996): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1490081.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract GH enhances skeletal muscle growth, and IGF-II peptide is highly expressed during regeneration. We have therefore investigated the effect of GH administration on IGF-II binding and expression in regenerating rat skeletal muscle using the techniques of receptor autoradiography and in situ hybridisation. Notexin, a myotoxin, was injected into the right M. biceps femoris (day 0), causing affected fibres to undergo necrosis followed by rapid regeneration. Animals were administered either GH (200 μg/100 g body weight) or saline vehicle daily. Contralateral muscles were used as regeneration controls. GH administration during regeneration resulted in significant increases in body weight, and damaged and undamaged muscle weights (P<0·001). IGF-II expression, which was examined in regenerating fibres, survivor fibres and undamaged fibres, varied according to tissue type (P< 0·001). Specifically, IGF-II expression in regenerating fibres was elevated relative to control and survivor fibres after day 3 (P<0·05), with a peak on day 9 (P<0·001). GH did not affect IGF-II message levels. 125I-IGF-II binding in regenerating muscle was examined in the same fibre types as well as in connective tissue. 125I-IGF-II binding in regenerating fibres was higher (P<0·001) than in other tissue types on day 5. GH administration increased 125I-IGF-II binding in all damaged muscle tissues on day 5 (P<0·001, regenerating fibres; P<0·01, others). We believe that this shows for the first time an effect of GH on the Type 2 IGF receptor in regenerating skeletal muscle. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 149, 81–91
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "IGF Type 2"
1
Boulle, Nathalie. "Analyse du système des insulin-like growth factors (IGF) et du fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) dans la tumorigenèse corticosurrenalienne". Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA11T006.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Dans les tumeurs corticosurrénaliennes, des anomalies de la région 11p15 et une surexpression du gène d'IGF-11 sont contemporaines de l'acquisition du phénotype malin. Nous montrons que la surexpression du gène IGF-11 dans les tumeurs corticosurrénaliennes malignes s'accompagne d'une traduction efficace de la protéine, majoritairement sous forme de précurseurs d'IGF-11. Ces mêmes tumeurs surexpriment de manière spécifique IGFBP-2, protéine de liaison des IGF fréquemment associée à la prolifération tumorale. La caractérisation de la lignée H295R, dérivée d'un carcinome surrénalien, montre que celle-ci surexprime IGF-11 et IGFBP-2 et constitue un bon modèle in vitro d'ét•ude de la tumorigénèse corticosurrénalienne. Cette lignée a permis de démontrer qu'IGF-11 était impliqué dans la prolifération des cellules tumorales corticosurrénaliennes via le récepteur de type 1 des IGF. L'intérêt de I'IGFBP-2 plasmatique en tant que marqueur circulant des tumeurs corticosurrénaliennes malignes a été évalué. Nous montrons que les taux d'IGFBP-2 plasmatique s'élèvent spécifiquement chez les patients porteurs de tumeurs malignes mais que cette élévation survient à lin stade avancé de la maladie (stade métastatique), indiquant la faible sensibilité d'IGFBP-2 et son intérêt limité comme marqueur des carcinomes surrénaliens. Les effets de FGF-2 sur les cellules tumorales corticosurrénaliennes ont également été étudiés. Nos résultats montrent que FGF-2 a un effet prolifératif sur les cellules H295R mais que paradoxalement, il inhibe l'expression du système des IGF par ces cellules. L'inhibition d'IGFBP-2 se fait au niveau transcriptionnel, alors que celle d'IGF-11 est post-transcriptionnelle, par inhibition de la maturation des précurseurs d'IGF-11. Ainsi, si IGF-11 a un rôle indiscutable au stade tardif de la tumorigénèse corticosurrénalienne, différents facteurs sont susceptibles de moduler son expression (FGF-2) ou son activité (IGFBP-2) au sein du tissu tumoralLn adrenocortical tumors, malignant phenotype is associated with abnormalities at the 11p15 locus and overexpression of the IGF-11 gene. Here, we show that IGF-11 mRNA is efficiently translated and that malignant adrenocortical tumors contain large amounts of IGF-11 protein, mainly in its prohormone form. The same tumors exhibit a high content in IGFBP-2 protein, an IGFBP being frequently expressed in tumor cells. The H295R cell line, which is derived from a human adrenal carcinoma, express high levels of both IGF-11 and IGFBP-2 and represents a suitable in vitro model to study adrenocortical tumorigenesis. Using this cell line, we could demonstrate that IGF-11 is involved in the proliferation of adrenocortical tumor cells, after binding to the type 1 IGF receptor. The interest of plasma IGFBP-2 as a marker for adrenocortical carcinoma was evaluated. Our results show that high levels of IGFBP-2 are specifically detected in the plasma of patients with malignant adrenocortical tumors. However, the increase in IGFBP-2 levels occur at a late stage of tumor progression (metastatic stage). This indicates a poor sensitivity for plasma IGFBP-2, which may limit its interest as a tumor marker. We also studied the effects of FGF-2 on adrenocortical tumor cells. Our results indicate that FGF-2 is mitogenic for H295R cells, although it inhibits the expression of both IGF-11 and IGFBP-2 by these cells. The inhibition of IGFBP-2 expression occur at the transcriptional levels. Ln contrast, FGF-2 inhibits the secretion and the last steps of maturation of the IGF-11 precursor. Altogether, these results suggest that in malignant adrenocortical tumors, various factors may modulate the expression (FGF-2) or the effects (IGFBP-2) of IGF-11 on adrenocortical tumor cells
2
Narayanan, Ram. "Genotype and phenotype interactions of the insulin-like growth factor system in type 2 diabetes". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/genotype-and-phenotype-interactions-of-the-insulinlike-growth-factor-system-in-type-2-diabetes(5e6925fb-195d-47d8-a06d-8957a8f3b86f).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Background: Multiple lines of evidence implicate the insulin-like growth factor(IGF) group of proteins in human type 2 diabetes. The actions of IGF-I and IGF-IIare modulated through their interaction with IGF binding proteins. A holisticapproach to study the IGF system is preferable to analyses of individual proteininteractions as the inter-relationships between these proteins are complex. Inparticular, the associations of IGF-II and its associated binding proteins withcardiovascular risk have been inadequately studied. This study aimed to study indetail the genotype and phenotype interactions of the IGF system with longitudinalcardiovascular risk factor trends and phenotypic outcomes in type 2 diabetes.Methods: 1000 subjects of predominantly Caucasian origin from the SalfordDiabetes Cohort were studied. Measurements of IGF proteins (IGF-I, IGF-II,IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3) were performed in 554 of these patients. 991Caucasian subjects were successfully genotyped for 76 single nucleotidepolymorphisms (SNPs) related to ten genes in the IGF system. In this project weanalysed associations of the studied SNPs with the measured IGF proteins as well aslongitudinal risk factor trends. In addition, the baseline concentrations of themeasured proteins were studied for associations with cardiovascular risk factortrends and vascular outcomes.Results: This project demonstrates for the first time that high serum IGF-IIconcentration at baseline predicts longitudinal increases in high-density lipoproteincholesterol. High baseline IGF-II was also observed to predict longitudinal weightloss. High baseline concentration of IGFBP-2 (which has a preferential associationof IGF-II over IGF-I) was associated with a number of favourable longitudinalcardiovascular risk trends like increased HDL cholesterol and decreased diastolicblood pressure. However high IGFBP-2 was also associated with deterioration inrenal function and increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The IGF2 geneand the genes encoding IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-5 (proteins with IGF-II bindingaffinity) were also associated with longitudinal trends in renal function, bloodpressure and cholesterol concentration.Discussion: This study is the most detailed exploration to date of the genotype andphenotype interactions of the IGF system in a Caucasian population with type 2diabetes. Results from this study strongly hint that changes in IGF-II bioavailabilitymay influence inter-individual variations in cardiovascular risk. The precisebiological role of IGF-II merits clarification in future expression studies in renal,adipose and vascular tissues. Replication of significant results in an independentdiabetes cohort and measurement of other IGF binding proteins will be performed inthe next stage of this study.
3
O'Reilly, Kathryn Elizabeth. "Integration of mtor and IGF-1 signaling : feedback upregulation of survival pathways in human cancer cells /". Access full-text from WCMC:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1296100571&sid=11&Fmt=2&clientId=8424&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Pełny tekst źródła
4
Trivedi, Harsha N. "Characterization of type-1/type-2 cytokine and IgE responses of HIV-1 resistant Kenyan women, characterization of neonatal type-1/type-2 cytokine responses". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/NQ32027.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródła
5
Røge, Rikke Meldgaard. "Pharmacometric Models of Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Subjects and Diabetes Patients". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaceutisk biovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-274239.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Several models have been developed for describing the glucose-insulin system. Silber and Jauslin developed a semi-mechanistic integrated glucose insulin (IGI) model which simultaneously describe glucose and insulin profiles in either healthy subjects or type 2 diabetis mellitus (T2DM) patients. The model was developed for describing the basal system, i.e. when no drugs are present in the body. In this thesis the IGI model was extended to also include the effects of anti-diabetic drugs on glucose homeostasis. The model was extended to describe postprandial glucose and insulin excursions in T2DM patients treated with either biphasic insulin aspart or the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide. These extensions make the model a useful tool in drug development as it can be used for elucidating the effects of new products as well as for clinical trial simulation. In this thesis several modelling tasks were also performed to get a more mechanistic description of the glucose-insulin system. A model was developed which describes the release of the incretin hormones glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 following the ingestion of various glucose doses. The effects of these hormones on the beta cell function were incorporated in a model describing both the C-peptide and insulin concentrations in healthy subjects and T2DM patients during either an oral glucose tolerance test or an isoglycaemic intravenous glucose infusion. By including measurements of both C-peptide and insulin concentrations in the model it could also be used to characterize the hepatic extraction of insulin.
6
Godefroy, Anastasia. "Nouvelle stratégie d'enzymothérapie substitutive ciblant le récepteur du mannose 6-phosphate pour les maladies lysosomales". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT030.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Les maladies lysosomales forment un groupe hétérogène d’une cinquantaine d’affections qualifiées de « rares ». Actuellement, seulement 9 maladies lysosomales disposent d’un traitement spécifique, principalement par enzymothérapie substitutive, mais les effets bénéfiques sont souvent limités. Le manque de ciblage pour le Récepteur du Mannose 6-Phosphate (RM6P), responsable de l’internalisation dans les lysosomes, expliquerait en partie cette efficacité modérée des enzymes thérapeutiques. Dans ce contexte, nous avons développé une approche de ciblage innovante basée sur des Analogues synthétiques du Mannose 6-Phosphate fonctionnalisés sur l’Aglycone (appelés AMFA) afin de répondre aux besoins non satisfaits par les traitements actuels.Les travaux de cette thèse portent principalement sur la maladie de Pompe, myopathie causée par la déficience d’une enzyme lysosomale, l’Alpha Glucosidase Acide (GAA), responsable de la conversion du glycogène en glucose. Afin d’améliorer l’adressage de l’enzyme thérapeutique aux lysosomes via le RM6P, nous avons fonctionnalisé la GAA recombinante humaine (rhGAA) avec les AMFA. Nos études sur la forme adulte de la maladie ont démontré une augmentation significative de l’internalisation et pour la première fois, chez des souris âgées modèles de la maladie, une restauration de la santé musculaire et une amélioration significative de la fonction motrice ont été observées (article 1). Nous nous sommes ensuite intéressés aux propriétés de la rhGAA-AMFA. Nous avons démontré que l’efficacité de la rhGAA-AMFA n’était pas uniquement due à une meilleure internalisation mais également à une meilleure maturation intracellulaire de l’enzyme (article 2). En effet, nos résultats ont démontré que chez les patients atteints de la maladie de Pompe, il existe une surexpression des phosphatases acides ACP2 et ACP5. Ces phosphatases peuvent détruire le signal mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) naturellement présent sur l’enzyme, ce qui interrompt sa maturation en forme active. L’AMFA, contrairement au M6P, est insensible à cette dégradation et assure donc la stabilité de l’adressage de l’enzyme in vitro, mais également in vivo.L’ensemble de ces résultats suggèrent que le greffage des AMFA sur des enzymes recombinantes représente une nouvelle solution thérapeutique pour le traitement de la maladie de Pompe et potentiellement pour le traitement d’autres maladies lysosomalesLysosomal diseases form a heterogeneous group of about fifty rare diseases. At present, only 9 lysosomal diseases have a specific treatment, mainly by enzyme replacement therapy but the beneficial effects appear often limited. The lack of targeting for the Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptor (M6PR), responsible for internalization into the lysosomes, would partly explain this moderate efficiency of the therapeutic enzymes. In this context, we have developed an innovative targeting approach based on Mannose 6-Phosphate Synthetic Analogues Functionalized at the Aglycone position (called AMFAs) to address the unmet needs of current treatments.The work of this thesis focuses mainly on Pompe disease which is a myopathy caused by the deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme, Acid Alpha Glucosidase (GAA), responsible for the conversion of glycogen into glucose. In order to improve the targeting of the therapeutic enzyme to lysosomes via the M6PR, we have functionalized the human recombinant GAA (rhGAA) with the AMFAs. Our studies on aged mice model of the adult form of the disease have demonstrated a significant increase of the enzyme internalization and for the first time, the restoration of muscle health and the significant improvement in motor function (article 1). We then investigated the properties of rhGAA-AMFA. We have proved that the effectiveness of rhGAA-AMFA is not only due to a better cell uptake but also to a more complete intracellular processing of the enzyme (article 2). Indeed, our results demonstrated that in myoblasts of patients affected by Pompe disease there is an overexpression of ACP2 and ACP5 acid phosphatases. These phosphatases can destroy the mannose 6-phosphate signal (M6P) naturally present on the enzyme, therefore possibly interrupting its processing into the active form. AMFA, unlike M6P, is insensitive to this degradation and thus ensures the stability of enzyme addressing in vitro, but also in vivo.All together, these results suggest that the grafting of the AMFAs on recombinant enzymes represents a new therapeutic solution for the treatment of Pompe disease and potentially for other lysosomal diseases
7
Fabris, Chiara. "Glucose variability assessment in diabetes mellitus monitoring and control". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424146.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This dissertation is focused on the assessment of glucose variability (GV) in the treatment of the pathology of diabetes mellitus. GV is a risk factor for the development of diabetes complications, and its assessment combined with the evaluation of glycated hemoglobin levels is believed to be useful to characterize the functioning of glucose metabolism. Given the importance of GV in diabetes, a number of indicators to measure it from the retrospective analysis of sparse self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) recordings have been proposed in the literature, but several issues are still open. For instance, some GV indicators have been developed specifically from SMBG data, and their use on CGM time-series has not been validated yet. Moreover, the availability of a large number of metrics to quantify GV gives rise to problems in terms of redundant conveyed information, and a compact way to extensively characterize GV would be desirable. Finally, the exploitation of CGM signals and GV to classify the metabolic condition of normal and diabetic subjects is a relatively unexplored problem that could deserve an investigation. These three topics are the object of this dissertation, which is specifically made up of six chapters whose content is briefly outlined below.
Chapter 1 will describe the etiology of the different types of diabetes, discuss the development of diabetes complications, and introduce the technologies used to monitor blood glucose levels and the strategies exploited to manage the treatment of type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus.
Chapter 2 will focus specifically on GV and its quantification, and, after highlighting the existing open issues, will precisely state the aims of the thesis.
Chapter 3 will consider the problem of adapting some GV indicators originally developed and validated from SMBG, to the use with CGM signals. In particular, we will specifically look at low blood glucose index (LBGI) and high blood glucose index (HBGI), popular metrics that allow to provide a rapid classification of the quality of glucose control in diabetic subjects, and will provide alternate versions of these indicators adapted to the characteristics of CGMs by modeling the relationship between LBGI/HBGI values obtained from SMBG and CGM recordings. A dataset of 28 T1DM subjects monitored with both SMBG and CGM devices will be used to tune and assess the proposed methodology.
Chapter 4 will address the issue of redundant information conveyed by the available GV indices by using the sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) technique as a tool to provide a parsimonious but still comprehensive characterization of GV in both T1DM and T2DM. Specifically, we will consider 25 GV indicators evaluated on CGM profiles acquired from 33 T1DM and 13 T2DM subjects as initial pool of variables. SPCA will be applied to this set of metrics and will be shown to be able to select a small subset of up to 10 indices that can save more than 60% of the original variance in both applications. The subset of metrics provided by SPCA can be used to parsimoniously describe GV in diabetes.
Chapter 5 will be devoted to the assessment of the possibility of using the outputs from SPCA to build GV-based classifiers of the metabolic condition of normal and diabetic subjects. In particular, by resorting to a dataset of 55 T1DM subjects, 34 normal subjects at high risk of developing T2DM, 39 impaired glucose tolerance subjects, and 29 subjects with T2DM diagnosed, we will show that support vector machines are able to successfully classify the quality of glycemic control and the metabolic condition of disordered subjects, allowing to achieve an accuracy of classification always greater than 70%. The investigation will be performed using both the whole initial pool of 25 indicators and the parsimonious set selected by SPCA as features to design the classifiers; the fact that similar results were obtained in the two scenarios strengthens the speculation that the compact description of GV provided by SPCA is effectively comprehensive for characterizing the subjects' metabolic condition.
Chapter 6 will close this dissertation, with a discussion on possible future developments of the presented investigations.L'obiettivo di questa tesi è l'indagine del ruolo della variabilità glicemica (GV) nella patologia del diabete mellito. La GV è un fattore di rischio per lo sviluppo di complicazioni dal diabete, e la sua valutazione combinata con quella dei livelli di emoglobina glicata è ritenuta essere un elemento utile nel caratterizzare il funzionamento del metabolismo del glucosio. Data l'importanza della GV nel diabete, molteplici indicatori che permettono di ottenerne una quantificazione dall'analisi retrospettiva di segnali di self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) o continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sono stati proposti in letteratura, ma in merito esistono alcune problematiche ancora aperte. Per esempio, alcuni indici sono stati sviluppati specificamente per essere applicati su serie SMBG, ed il loro utilizzo su segnali CGM non è ancora stato validato. Inoltre, il fatto che esistano numerosi indicatori per quanticare la GV dà origine a problemi di ridondanza nell'informazione trasmessa, ed un approccio che permetta di ottenere una descrizione compatta ma esaustiva della GV sarebbe desiderabile. Infine, l'uso di segnali CGM e dell'informazione sulla GV per classificare lo stato metabolico di soggetti normali e diabetici è un problema relativamente inesplorato che potrebbe meritare di essere trattato. Questi tre argomenti sono l'oggetto di questa tesi, che risulta articolata in sei capitoli il cui contenuto è brevemente delineato di seguito. Il Capitolo 1 descriverà l'eziologia dei differenti tipi di diabete, discuterà lo sviluppo delle complicazioni da diabete, ed introdurrà le tecnologie utilizzate per monitorare la glicemia ed alcune strategie che si possono seguire per trattare il diabete mellito di tipo 1 (T1DM) e 2 (T2DM). Il Capitolo 2 verterà sulla GV e la sua quantificazione, e, dopo aver evidenziato i problemi aperti esistenti, dichiarerà precisamente gli scopi della tesi. Il Capitolo 3 considererà il problema di adattare alcuni indicatori di GV originariamente sviluppati e validati su profili SMBG, all'utilizzo su segnali CGM. In particolare, ci concentreremo su low blood glucose index (LBGI) e high blood glucose index (HBGI), indici popolari che permettono di ottenere una rapida classificazione della qualità del controllo glicemico in soggetti diabetici, e forniremo versioni alternative di questi indicatori adattate alle caratteristiche dei segnali CGM, modellando la relazione tra i valori che LBGI e HBGI assumono quando calcolati da SMBG e CGM. Un dataset di 28 soggetti T1DM monitorati con dispositivi SMBG e CGM sarà utilizzato per mettere a punto la metodologia. Il Capitolo 4 affronterà il problema della ridondanza nell'informazione fornita dagli indicatori di GV esistenti, utilizzando la sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) come approccio per fornire una descrizione parsimoniosa ma allo stesso tempo esaustiva della GV in popolazioni di soggetti con T1DM e T2DM. In particolare, considereremo 25 indicatori di GV valutati su profili CGM acquisiti da 33 soggetti con T1DM e 13 con T2DM come insieme iniziale di variabili. La SPCA sarà applicata a questo pool di indici e permetterà di selezionare un piccolo sottoinsieme di 10 indicatori che consente di preservare più del 60% della varianza originariamente spiegata dall'insieme di partenza in entrambe le applicazioni. Il sottoinsieme di indicatori fornito dalla SPCA può essere utilizzato per descrivere parsimoniosamente la GV nel diabete. Il Capitolo 5 sarà dedicato alla valutazione della possibilità di utilizzare gli output della SPCA per costruire classificatori dello stato metabolico di soggetti normali e diabetici basati sulla GV. In particolare, facendo ricorso ad un dataset di 55 soggetti con T1DM, 34 normali a rischio T2DM, 39 con impaired glucose tolerance, e 29 con T2DM diagnosticato, mostreremo che classificatori progettati su support vector machine sono capaci di discriminare con successo la qualità del controllo glicemico e la condizione metabolica di soggetti con disordini, permettendo di raggiungere un'accuratezza di classicazione sempre maggiore del 70%. Lo studio sarà condotto utilizzando sia il pool iniziale di 25 indicatori che il sottoinsieme parsimonioso fornito dalla SPCA come features per costruire i classificatori; il fatto che risultati simili siano ottenuti nei due casi rafforza la speculazione che la descrizione compatta della GV fornita dalla SPCA sia effettivamente esaustiva nel caratterizzare la condizione metabolica dei soggetti. Il Capitolo 6 chiuderà la tesi, con una discussione su possibili sviluppi futuri degli studi qui presentati.
8
Sjöblom, Johan, i Ulrik Malmberg. "Vägen till hälsa : Motivation till fysisk aktivitet hos patienter med förstadie till eller diagnostiserad diabetes typ 2". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Vårdvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16544.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Diabetes typ 2 är en sjukdom som kan förhindras och lindras med hjälp av fysisk aktivitet. Diabetes typ 2 är en egenvårdsjukdom där individen själv till stor del kan styra över sin hälsosituation. Förstadiet till diabetes typ 2 kallas IGT.Sjukvårdens roll är bland annat att ge stöd och motivera patienten till en aktivare livsstil. Tidigare har forskning ofta fokuserat på barriärer och inom vårdvetenskapen finns litet beskrivet kring motivation. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att belysa vad patienter med IGT eller diabetes typ 2 upplever som motiverande till fysisk aktivitet.Data utgörs av tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna beskriver upplevelsen av motivation till fysisk aktivitet hos patienter med förstadiet till eller diabetes typ 2. Samtliga artiklar är kvalitativa och har ett patientperspektiv. Med hjälp av Evans analysmodell analyserades artiklarna för att skapa en ny helhet.Studiens resultat presenteras i fyra teman. Stödjande miljö representerar den rent fysiska miljön som motiverande till rörelse, Stödjande relationer innehåller den uppmuntran som sociala relationer gav, Att uppleva välbefinnande syftar till den motivation som låg i att uppleva större grad av hälsa medan Att bevara hälsan visar på hur själva livsstilsförändringen i sig upplevdes motiverande. Upplevelsen av vad som motiverade till fysisk aktivitet varierade mellan individer och vårt resultat visar på komplexiteten i området. En god vårdrelation är grunden för att sjuksköterskan skall kunna stödja patienten till att väcka, forma och rikta sina val mot en mer hälsosam livsstil. Att lyckas integrera fysisk aktivitet i sitt liv gav en inre motivation och gav en möjlighet att behålla en mer hälsosam livsstil.Program: Sjuksköterskeutbildning
9
Kondo, Yaeko. "The study of plasma glucose level and insulin secretion capacity after glucose load in Japanese". Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215958.
Pełny tekst źródła
10
Toušková, Věra. "Úloha komponent osy GH/IGF-1 v etiopatogeneze metabolických odchylek u diabetes mellitus 2. typu a akromegalie". Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265165.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
(EN) GH/IGF-1 axis components (GH, growth hormone receptor (GH-R), IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs)) participate in the control of glucose metabolism, inflammatory processes as well as cell proliferation and differentiation, including adipocytes and monocytes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of local mRNA expression of GH/IGF-1 axis components in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) and peripheral monocytes (PM) in the development of insulin resistance and differences of adipose tissue mass in following groups of patients: obese females with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus and subjects with active untreated acromegaly. A total number of 66 subjects were included in the study: obese females without type 2 diabetes mellitus (OB), obese females with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), acromegalic patients (AC) and healthy lean control subjects (C). T2DM underwent 2 weeks of very-low- calorie diet (VLCD - energy content 2500 kJ/day). According to our results we suggest that decreased mRNA expression of IGF-1, IGF-1R, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 in adipose tissue of T2DM subjects may contribute to changes of fat differentiation capacity and the increased IGF-1R mRNA expression in peripheral monocytes in these patients may play a role in the regulation of...
Książki na temat "IGF Type 2"
1
name, No. Diabetes sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset diabetes), type 2 diabetes (noninsulin-dependent or adult-onset diabetes), gestational diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) ... Wyd. 3. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2003.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
2
D, Matthews Dawn, red. Diabetes sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset diabetes), Type 2 diabetes (noninsulin-dependent or adult-onset diabetes, gestational diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and related complications, such as amputation, eye disease, gum disease, nerve damage, and end-stage renal disease : including facts about insulin, oral diabetes medications, blood sugar testing, and the role of exercise and nutrition in the control of diabetes : along with a glossary and resources for further help and information. Wyd. 3. Detroit, Mich: Omnigraphics, 2003.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
3
Type 2 Diabetes. Exon Publications, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/type-2-diabetes.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Type 2 Diabetes is a chronic condition where the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. This article provides detailed information about Type 2 Diabetes, serving as a resource for patients, their loved ones, and the public. The article is organized into key sections, starting with an introduction to the disease and its types. It explores the risk factors and global prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes, followed by an explanation of its causes and symptoms. The article explores the pathophysiology of the disease, outlining how it affects the body, and discusses the various complications that can arise if it is not properly managed. The diagnosis section covers the tests and criteria used to identify the disease, while the treatment section explains lifestyle modifications, medications, and other management strategies. The article concludes with a discussion on the prognosis of living with Type 2 Diabetes. All information is presented in simple terms to ensure it is understandable for all readers.
4
M¨uhlherr, Bernhard, Holger P. Petersson i Richard M. Weiss. Unramified Quadrangles of Type E6, E7 and E8. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691166902.003.0011.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This chapter deals with the case that the building at infinity of the Bruhat-Tits building Ξ is a Moufang quadrangle of type E⁶, E₇, and E₈. It begins with a hypothesis that takes into account a quadratic space of type Eℓ for ℓ = 6, 7 or 8, K which is complete with respect to a discrete valuation, the two residues of Ξ, and the two root group sequences of a Moufang polygon. It then considers the case that Ξ is an unramified quadrangle if the proposition δΨ = 2 holds. It also explains two other propositions: Ξ is a semi-ramified quadrangle if δΛ = 1 and δΨ = 2 holds, and a ramified quadrangle if δΛ = δΨ = 1 holds.
5
M¨uhlherr, Bernhard, Holger P. Petersson i Richard M. Weiss. Quadratic Forms of Type F4. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691166902.003.0009.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This chapter presents various results about quadratic forms of type F₄. The Moufang quadrangles of type F₄ were discovered in the course of carrying out the classification of Moufang polygons and gave rise to the notion of a quadratic form of type F₄. The chapter begins with the notation stating that a quadratic space Λ = (K, L, q) is of type F₄ if char(K) = 2, q is anisotropic and: for some separable quadratic extension E/K with norm N; for some subfield F of K containing K² viewed as a vector space over K with respect to the scalar multiplication (t, s) ↦ t²s for all (t, s) ∈ K x F; and for some α ∈ F* and some β ∈ K*. The chapter also considers a number of propositions regarding quadratic spaces and discrete valuations.
6
M¨uhlherr, Bernhard, Holger P. Petersson i Richard M. Weiss. Semi-ramified Quadrangles of Type E6, E7 and E8. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691166902.003.0012.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This chapter deals with the case that the building at infinity of the Bruhat-Tits building Ξ is a Moufang semi-ramified quadrangle of type E⁶, E₇ and E₈. The basic proposition is that Ξ is a semi-ramified quadrangle if δΛ = 1 and δΨ = 2 holds. The chapter first considers the theorem supposing that ℓ = 6, that δΛ = 1 and δΨ = 2, and that the Moufang residues R0 and R1 are not both indifferent. This is followed by cases ℓ = 7 and ℓ = 8 as well as theorems concerning an anisotropic pseudo-quadratic space, a quaternion division algebra, standard involution, a proper involutory set, and isotropic and anisotropic quadratic spaces.
7
Fabrizi, Fabrizio, i Patrice Cacoub. The patient with cryoglobulinaemia. Redaktor Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0151.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
AbstractCryoglobulinaemia is characterized by the presence in the blood of proteins showing the that precipitate when serum is cooled. Clinically recognised cryoprecipitates are predominantly immunoglobulin-containing. In Type 1 cryoglobulinaemia, the precipitate is formed from a monoclonal paraprotein, usually IgG. In Type 2, a monoclonal IgM binds IgG to form a mixed precipitate. Type 3 cryoglobulins do not contain a monoclonal element.Type 1 cryoglobulins are a rare cause of renal disease, but cause a membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) with nephrotic syndrome and haematuria and usually with severe cutaneous involvement.Type 2 is most typically associated with renal disease, again characterized by MPGN and haematuria, with variable cutaneous signs and vasculitis in other organs. Many cases are associated with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection – but not all.Therapeutic approaches include optimal antiviral regimen, immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids, rituximab, and cytotoxic agents), and plasma exchange. Treatment of HCV-related mixed cryoglobulinaemia vasculitis should be adjusted according to the clinico-biological presentation.
8
Okasha, Samir. Agential Thinking and its Rationale. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815082.003.0002.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Evolutionary biologists often use the language of intentional psychology in an extended or metaphorical sense. This is a symptom of agential thinking, the practice of invoking concepts such as interests, goals, and strategies in evolutionary analysis. Agential thinking comes in two types. In type 1, the agent with the goal is an evolved entity, typically an individual organism. In type 2, the agent is the evolutionary process itself, often personified as ‘mother nature’. Agential thinking of type 2 is misleading. That of type 1 is a valid expression of adaptationist assumptions, but it relies on a crucial presupposition. It presumes that the organism exhibits a unity-of-purpose, in that all of its evolved traits must contribute to a single overall goal. Where this unity fails to obtain, as for example if there is within-organism conflict, it becomes impossible to treat an organism as akin to a rational agent pursuing a goal.
9
Hedley, Steve, i Nicola Padfield. 2. Deliberate harm to the person. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780199586561.003.0188.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Titles in the Core Text series take the reader straight to the heart of the subject, providing focused, concise, and reliable guides for students at all levels. This chapter discusses the types of harm to the claimant that are tortious if they are deliberate. These include assault, battery, false imprisonment, unlawful harassment, and invasion of privacy.
10
Katz, David L. The Integrative Preventive Medicine Approach to Obesity and Diabetes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190241254.003.0018.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This chapter addresses the underlying causes, and potential remedies, of pandemic diabesity, a term coined to capture the expanse, and causal pathway, from excess body fat, to insulin resistance, to type 2 diabetes. The case is made that to be effective, clinical approaches must emphasize both prevention and holism, salient principles of integrative preventive medicine. More importantly, if lifestyle is the requisite medicine to alleviate this malady—and the case is made that it is—then the constraints of clinical encounters may constitute a spoon too small to deliver this medicine effectively and get it to go down universally. This chapter concludes with the proposition that lifestyle is the right medicine for obesity and type 2 diabetes alike, and that all of culture must be the spoon that delivers it. This, too, is concordant with an integrative perspective of care, and a focus on prevention.
Części książek na temat "IGF Type 2"
1
Nissley, S. Peter. "Type 2 IGF Receptor-Mediated Events". W The IGF System, 165–97. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-712-3_8.
Pełny tekst źródła
2
Moses, Alan C. "Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus: Is There a Therapeutic Role for IGF-1?" W IGF-I and IGF Binding Proteins, 121–34. Basel: KARGER, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000085762.
Pełny tekst źródła
3
Sandhu, Manjinder S. "Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease: Molecular Epidemiology". W IGF-I and IGF Binding Proteins, 44–54. Basel: KARGER, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000085755.
Pełny tekst źródła
4
Fayette, J., B. Fleury i J. Y. Blay. "Nouvelles approches dans les thérapeutiques ciblées: les récepteurs des facteurs de croissance de type insuline (IGF) et les cyclines". W Les thérapies ciblées, 157–68. Paris: Springer Paris, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-36008-4_11.
Pełny tekst źródła
5
Chiasson, Jean-Louis, Markku Laakso i Markolf Hanefeld. "Decreasing Postprandial Plasma Glucose Using an α-Glucosidase Inhibitor in Subjects with IGT for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The STOP-NIDDM Trial". W Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes, 167–87. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3314-9_10.
Pełny tekst źródła
6
Cascieri, Margaret A., Gary G. Chicchi, Barbara G. Green, Joy Applebaum, Nancy S. Hayes i Marvin L. Bayne. "Analysis of the interaction of IGF I and structural mutants of IGF I with the IGF types 1 and 2 and insulin receptors". W Peptides, 570–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9595-2_170.
Pełny tekst źródła
7
Rizqoh, Debie, Kristin Ronaniou Haloho, Enny Nugraheni, Widyawati, Utari Hartati i Riry Ambarsary. "The Influence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity Factors in COVID-19 Patients on IgM and IgG Antibody Levels of SARS-Cov-2 at M. Yunus Hospital and Harapan Dan Doa Hospital Bengkulu City". W Proceedings of the International Conference On Multidisciplinary Studies (ICOMSI 2022), 17–24. Paris: Atlantis Press SARL, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-072-5_3.
Pełny tekst źródła
8
Allais, Guillaume. "Builtin Types Viewed as Inductive Families". W Programming Languages and Systems, 113–39. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30044-8_5.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
AbstractState of the art optimisation passes for dependently typed languages can help erase the redundant information typical of invariant-rich data structures and programs. These automated processes do not dramatically change the structure of the data, even though more efficient representations could be available.Using Quantitative Type Theory as implemented in Idris 2, we demonstrate how to define an invariant-rich, typechecking-time data structure packing an efficient runtime representation together with runtime irrelevant invariants. The compiler can then aggressively erase all such invariants during compilation.Unlike other approaches, the complexity of the resulting representation is entirely predictable, we do not require both representations to have the same structure, and yet we are able to seamlessly program as if we were using the high-level structure.
9
Askenase, Philip W. "Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Recruitment of T Cell Subsets via Antigen-Specific Non-IgE Factors or IgE Antibodies: Relevance to Asthma, Autoimmunity and Immune Responses to Tumors and Parasites (Part 2 of 2)". W Regulation and Functional Significance of T-Cell Subsets, 189–212. Basel: KARGER, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000319122.
Pełny tekst źródła
10
Abdrabo, Karim I., Sameh A. Kantosh, Mohamed Saber, Tetsuya Sumi, Dina Elleithy, Omar M. Habiba i Bahaa Alboshy. "The Role of Urban Planning and Landscape Tools Concerning Flash Flood Risk Reduction Within Arid and Semiarid Regions". W Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering: DPRI reports, 283–316. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2904-4_11.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
AbstractThis chapter highlights some substantial questions inquired by researchers to comprehend the flood risks (FRs) that occur in their cities as follows: (1) What is the impact of flooding on urban areas? (2) what effect does urbanization have on FR? (3) What are the existing nonstructural and structural mitigation measures for urban flooding? and (4) What is the role of urban planning and landscape tools in flood risk reduction (FRR) for cities as well as their inhabitants? The main messages in this chapter could be summarized as follows: (1) Comprehension of both the sources and types of flooding is vital if proper FRR measures are to be determined, (2) Unplanned urban growth could seriously put lives and properties at high risk (3) Land use planning and regulation, and Sustainable infrastructure for stormwater management through landscape architecture are fundamental measures for future FRR (4) The application of the urban planning approach for FRR in arid and semiarid regions has not yet received adequate attention and facing many challenges for its implementation, and finally (5) the combination of structural and nonstructural mitigation measures in spatial planning could be much more effective than using one type of measure alone.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "IGF Type 2"
1
Zanarel, Palomali, Marina Grigoli, Danielle de Oliveira, Patrícia Manzine i Márcia Cominetti. "IFG-1 PLASMA LEVELS ARE ALTERED IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER’S DIASEASE AND DIABTES MELLITUS TYPE 2". W XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda045.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Background: Insulin plays an important role in mechanisms related to brain activity and in memory formation. Alterations in the insulin pathway may be related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are more likely to develop AD, compared to metabolically and cognitively healthy individuals. Objectives: To evaluate the IGF-1 levels in plasma samples from individuals with AD or DM2 isolated or with both diseases concomitantly and to compare with the levels from cognitively and metabolically healthy older adults. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study ethically approved (CAAE: 31634720.9.0000.5504) that has been developed in the city of São Carlos with a sample of 36 participants, aged over 60 years, users of health services in the municipality. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and cognitive assessment instruments were applied to participants from all groups. The quantification of plasma levels of IGF-1 was performed using the ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique. Results: Participants with AD and DM concomitantly had higher levels of IGF-1 when compared with the individuals in the control group (p=0.0003) and with participants with DM (p=0.0167). Conclusions: The significant increase in IGF-1 plasma levels in the AD+DM and DM groups may indicate an initial compensatory response against neuronal damage in these patients.
2
Bid, Hemant K., Doris Phelps i Peter J. Houghton. "Abstract 3277: Insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) circumvents the antiangiogenic activity of SCH717454, a human antibody that blocks ligand binding to the Type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R)". W Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-3277.
Pełny tekst źródła
3
Setiawati, Yessy, Aswiyanti Asri i Rosfita Rasyid. "IGF-1R Expression has More Potential Proliferation Effect in Invasive Breast Carcinoma Of No Special Type Compared to HER-2 Expression". W Proceedings of the 1st EAI International Conference on Medical And Health Research, ICoMHER November 13-14th 2018, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.13-11-2018.2283795.
Pełny tekst źródła
4
Silva, Bruno Vinícius Diniz e., Brunna Rodrigues de Oliveira, Larissa Silva Magalhães, Kamila Cardoso dos Santos, Livia Melo Vilar, Vanessa Salete de Paula, Karlla Antonieta Amorim Caetano, Sheila Araújo Teles i Megmar Aparecida dos Santos Carneiro. "Seroepidemiological study of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection in transgender women in Goiás". W XIII Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de DST - IX Congresso Brasileiro de AIDS - IV Congresso Latino Americano de IST/HIV/AIDS. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/dst-2177-8264-202133p058.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Introduction: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) causes lesions in the orolabial and anogenital region that last for a lifetime. Data show that about 491.5 million people live with HSV-2. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile of HSV-2 infection in a population of transgender women in Goiânia-GO and cities in the interior of the state. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that estimates the prevalence of HSV-2 in transgender women residing or in transit in the metropolitan region of Goiânia and cities in the interior of the state. The Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) method was used for recruitment (sample size), the prevalence of HSV-2 was assessed by enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). The database was analyzed to generate an adjusted prevalence of the characteristics of the study population. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal de Goiás. Results: The prevalence was 8.2% (95% CI 5.0-12.2) for anti-HSV-2 IgM and 70.0% (95% CI 63.0-77.3) for anti-HSV-2 IgG; the bivariate analysis showed an association between positivity by IgG HSV-2 and age >30 years (p<0.0001), exchange of sex for money/drugs or consumer goods (p=0.002), more than 20 sexual partnerships in the past 7 days (p=0.001), and insertive anal sex (p=0.011); in the multivariate analysis, age ≥30 years (p=0.001) and more than 20 sexual partnerships in the past 7 days (p=0.008) were shown statistically related to HSV-2 infection. Conclusion: The data showed a high seroprevalence of HSV-2 among transgender women in the state of Goiás, indicating the need to develop public policies aimed at sexual education and improve this population’s health conditions.
5
Gaffney, P. J., L. J. Creighton, A. Curry, B. MacMahon i R. Thorpe. "MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES OF THE IgM AND IgG CLASS SPECIFIC FOR CROSSLINKED FIBRIN DEGRADATION PRODUCTS". W XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643651.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to crosslinked fibrin degradation products (XL-FDP) having the general formula D/Y[X]nY/D (known as X-oligomer) and D-D (known as D dimer) have been raised in balb/C mice by both a novel mtrasplenic and a conventional subcutaneous route of immunisation and by combinations of both these procedures. Mabs to X-oligomers (NIBn 52 and NIBn 123) obtained by an intrasplenic procedure have been demonstrated to crossreact only with X-oligomer in a 2-site ELISA procedure and not with D dimer or whole fibrinogen and have been shown to be of value m the examination of clinical material obtained from patients with various types of thrombosis and have also been useful in monitoring the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy. The X-oligomer mabs are immunoglobulins of the M class. It was demonstrated that their unique specificity for conformational epitopes on the large X-oligomer fragments does not reside in the IgM structure since alterative immunisation procedures have been used to generate mabs of the IgG class which have the same specificity. Using immunoglobulin class switching in culture rather than during immunisation was suggested by certain cell lines which produced both IgM and IgG specific for X-oligomer. This latter point needs rigorous validation.Immunoglobulin G type mabs to highly purified D dimer were raised by conventional subcutaneous immunisation of balb/C mice. One of these, NIBn-11, was found to crossreact with PVC-immobilised X-oligomer and D dimer but not with fibrinogen. However NIBn-11 did not bind to D dimer in a 2-site ELISA procedure while crossreactmg quite avidly with X-oligomer. This suggests that the D dimer epitope to which NIBn-11 is directed is expressed in some conformations and not m others and that these conformations are always expressed in the complex X-oligomer group of fragments. These mabs, whilst of value in measuring certain unique fibrin fragments m plasma, are useful in the epitope mapping of fibrinogen/fibrin and their plasmm-mediated
6
Picó, M., A. Ribera, C. Martin, J. Zuazu i J. Monasterio. "GLANZMANN'S THROMBASTHENIA IN PREGNANCY: CLINICAL FEATURES AND PLATELET SEROLOGY". W XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644556.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
A 24-year-old woman with a diagnosis of Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia (GT) type I (confirmed in our Hemostasis Section by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and with a history of several transfusions, was seen in our Service since the second month of her first pregnancy.In the first visit a strong anti-Rh(D) antibody was found in her serum. In 28th week an ammiocentesis was done. Seventy two hours later, she was hospitalized because of disminution of foetal movements. Then, a platelet-allo-antibody, IgG+IgM type (title IgG 1/512, IgM 1/2) was detected in her scrum by immunofluorescence test, as well as an anti-HLA antibody (by lymphocytotoxicity test) which reacted with her husband lyin-phocites.The platelet antibody wasn't EDTA or Paraformaldehide (PFA) dependent and reacted with all normal platelets of a panel of known platelet phenotypes and, also although significantly weakly, with GT type II platelets. The negative results were only observed with GT type I platelets. Therefore, it seemed to recognize an antigenic site located in GP IIb-IIIa. Besides, this antibody inhibited the normal platelet aggregation.A caesarian was advised because of foetal suffering an was performed without immediate complications. The patient was protected by our hemotherapy established support and delivered a boy with a severe hemolytic disease (Hematocrit: 6%, bilirrubine: 1,9 mgs./lOCimls., platelets: 40.000/ mm3), who died 48h. later. His platelets had a direct positive test IgG type and in his serum the platelet antibody as in his mother's was detected.We discuss the specificity of the antibody detected and also, its possible implication in the neonatal thrombocytopenia.
7
Gardner, R., T. Moran i C. E. Loughlin. "Probable Follicular Bronchiolitis in Pediatric Patient with Hyper IgM Type 2 Syndrome". W American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a7181.
Pełny tekst źródła
8
Störkel, F., I. Scharrer, L. Hovy, J. Rüdigier i S. Störkel. "HAEMOPHILIC ARTHROPATHY: IMMUNOLOGICAL MECHANISMS AND SYNOVITIS". W XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644023.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Up to now questions of pathogenisis in hemophilic arthropathy are still remaining, i.e. humoral mediated imnunological mechanisms (type II/III reactions) are supposed to play an important role (Arnold and Hilgartner (1977), Rippjey (1978)). Therefore we investigated synovial tissue by imnunohistologic technique using antibodies against IgG, IgA, IgM, C1q, C3, fibrinogen ando61-ACT. First we examined synovial membrane biopsies (n=7; non-haemo-philic) following acute traumatic joint bleeding, to study the first and acute bleeding/absorption pahase. Light microscopy showed typical changes as described before by Roy et al. 1967. Iirrnunohistological results revealed negativity for immunoglobulins and complement components in general, whereas fibrinogen and α1-ACT showed marked intensity of fluorescence.Secondly synovial membrane biopsies (n=7) of haemophiliacs who have had recurrent joint bleedings were examined, in the same way. In light microscopy we found typical synovial alterations as described by Mohr (1984) . Immunohistology shewed negativity for immunoglobulins and complement components and the intensity of fluorescence of fibrinogen and α1 -ACT was lower as in patients with acute traumatic joint bleeding.At last synovial tissue specimens (n=2) of patients with pigmented villonodular synovitis were investigated. Light microscopy was in aquaintance with findings of FaBbender (1976) . The imnuno-histological results were similar to those aforementioned. Conclusions: 1) There is no evidence that acute or chronic joint bleeding causes a humoral mediated immune reaction in synovial membrane. 2) In the contrary the inflammatory reaction leeds to detritus-synovialitis, supported by recurrent bleeding episodes. Concequences for clinical management: a) prevention of joint bleeding b) joint-pxinction in cause of bleeding, to reduce the intraarticular haematcma c) synovectomy to prevent the progress of arthropathy.
9
Fuqun, Chen, Li Wenlan, Wang Zongyuan i Cong Mengzi. "An Experimental Investigation of Response of a Turbojet Engine to Inlet Distortion". W ASME 1985 Beijing International Gas Turbine Symposium and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/85-igt-12.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
A study of the response of a turbojet engine to the steady-state and the turbulence-type dynamic inlet distortion is presented in this paper. The steady-state distortion is generated by a 180° extent, 36 mesh screen, and the turbulence-type dynamic distortion by a 180° extent plate with 50% blockage ratio at the engine face. This plate can produce a very strong pressure fluctuation at the engine face. The statistical analysis shows that the APD of pressure fluctuation follows approximately the Normal Distribution except those cases near rotating stall or surge. Results from testing show: 1) inlet distortion generated by screen will produce a classical-surge or deep-surge (defined in ref. 1); 2) the degree of distortion by screen can change the mode of surge, e.g. from the classical-surge to the deep-surge and vice versa; 3) both the inlet distortion and the decrease in first-stage-turbine-nozzle area will change the compressor performance maps; 4) the turbulence-type dynamic distortion causes a “drift-surge” (defined in ref. 2).
10
Kazama, M., H. Ishii, J. Tsubouchi, M. Nakano, N. Hiramoto, T. Abe i P. W. Majerus. "PREPARATION OF ANTI-HUMAN THROMBOMODULIN ANTIBODIES AND THEIR APPLICATION FOR STUDY ON PLASMA THROMBOMODULIN". W XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643962.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Thrombomodulin is an endothelial cell membrane protein that is cofactor required for rapid activation of plasma protein C. Recently, thrombomodulin was found also in plasma in normal subject. However, the information of the soluble thrombomodulin in plasma is very poor. We now report the preparation of polyclonal and monoclonal anti-human thrombomodulin and their application for study on plasma thrombomodulin.Thrombomodulin was extracted from human placenta by 0.5% of Triton X-100 and purified by DIP-thrombin column chromatography. Polyclonal anti-thrombomodulin antibody was obtained from rabbit serum. The three types of monoclonal anti-human thrombomodulin antibodies were obrained from hybrid cell of BALB/C spleen cell and SP2 mouse myeloma cell. The type 1 monoclonal antibody inhibited the thrombomodulin activity. The type 2 of the antibody did not inhibit the activity. The type 3 of antibody cross reacted with rabbit lung thrombomodulin. The IgGs of these antibodies were separated by protein A Sepharose. The plasma thrombomodulin was separated using polyclonal anti-thrombomodulin IgG Sepharose. The apparent molecular weight of plasma thrombomodulin was estimated by immunoblot analysis using monoclonal anti-thrombomodulin IgG. When run with mercaptoethanol, plasma thrombomodulin migrated mainly at Mr=85,000 against Mr=105,000 of tissue thrombomodulin. The plasma thrombomodulin had an apparent Km for 1 nM compared with 0.3nM for tissue thrombomodulin. The apparent Km for protein C was same between tissue and plasma thrombomodulin.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "IGF Type 2"
1
Funkenstein, Bruria, i Cunming Duan. GH-IGF Axis in Sparus aurata: Possible Applications to Genetic Selection. United States Department of Agriculture, listopad 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7580665.bard.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Many factors affect growth rate in fish: environmental, nutritional, genetics and endogenous (physiological) factors. Endogenous control of growth is very complex and many hormone systems are involved. Nevertheless, it is well accepted that growth hormone (GH) plays a major role in stimulating somatic growth. Although it is now clear that most, if not all, components of the GH-IGF axis exist in fish, we are still far from understanding how fish grow. In our project we used as the experimental system a marine fish, the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), which inhabits lagoons along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Europe, and represents one of the most important fish species used in the mariculture industry in the Mediterranean region, including Israel. Production of Sparus is rapidly growing, however, in order for this production to stay competitive, the farming of this fish species has to intensify and become more efficient. One drawback, still, in Sparus extensive culture is that it grows relatively slow. In addition, it is now clear that growth and reproduction are physiological interrelated processes that affect each other. In particular sexual maturation (puberty) is known to be closely related to growth rate in fish as it is in mammals, indicating interactions between the somatotropic and gonadotropic axes. The goal of our project was to try to identify the rate-limiting components(s) in Sparus aurata GH-IGF system which might explain its slow growth by studying the ontogeny of growth-related genes: GH, GH receptor, IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF receptor, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and Pit-1 during early stages of development of Sparus aurata larvae from slow and fast growing lines. Our project was a continuation of a previous BARD project and could be divided into five major parts: i) obtaining additional tools to those obtained in the previous project that are necessary to carry out the developmental study; ii) the developmental expression of growth-related genes and their cellular localization; iii) tissue-specific expression and effect of GH on expression of growth-related genes; iv) possible relationship between GH gene structure, growth rate and genetic selection; v) the possible role of the IGF system in gonadal development. The major findings of our research can be summarized as follows: 1) The cDNAs (complete or partial) coding for Sparus IGFBP-2, GH receptor and Pit-1 were cloned. Sequence comparison reveals that the primary structure of IGFBP-2 protein is 43-49% identical to that of zebrafish and other vertebrates. Intensive efforts resulted in cloning a fragment of 138 nucleotides, coding for 46 amino acids in the proximal end of the intracellular domain of GH receptor. This is the first fish GH receptor cDNA that had been cloned to date. The cloned fragment will enable us to complete the GH - receptor cloning. 2) IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and IGF receptor transcripts were detected by RT-PCR method throughout development in unfertilized eggs, embryos, and larvae suggesting that these mRNAs are products of both the maternal and the embryonic genomes. Preliminary RT-PCR analysis suggest that GH receptor transcript is present in post-hatching larvae already on day 1. 3) IGF-1R transcripts were detected in all tissues tested by RT-PCR with highest levels in gill cartilage, skin, kidney, heart, pyloric caeca, and brain. Northern blot analysis detected IGF receptor only in gonads, brain and gill cartilage but not in muscle; GH increased slightly brain and gill cartilage IGF-1R mRNA levels. 4) IGFBP-2 transcript were detected only in liver and gonads, when analyzed by Northern blots; RT-PCR analysis revealed expression in all tissues studied, with the highest levels found in liver, skin, gonad and pyloric caeca. 5) Expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-1R and IGFBP-2 was analyzed during gonadal development. High levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-2 expression were found in bisexual young gonads, which decreased during gonadal development. Regardless of maturational stage, IGF-II levels were higher than those of IGF-L 6) The GH gene was cloned and its structure was characterized. It contains minisatellites of tandem repeats in the first and third introns that result in high level of genetic polymorphism. 7) Analysis of the presence of IGF-I and two types of IGF receptor by immunohistochemistry revealed tissue- and stage-specific expression during larval development. Immunohistochemistry also showed that IGF-I and its receptors are present in both testicular and ovarian cells. Although at this stage we are not able to pinpoint which is the rate-limiting step causing the slow growth of Sparus aurata, our project (together with the previous BARD) yielded a great number of experimental tools both DNA probes and antibodies that will enable further studies on the factors regulating growth in Sparus aurata. Our expression studies and cellular localization shed new light on the tissue and developmental expression of growth-related genes in fish.
2
Williams, Thomas. Microbial Mating-type Matching memory Game. University of Dundee, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001286.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Did you know different microbes have different numbers of mating-types? Print and cut out the attached files to see if you can find all the matching mating-types in this fun memory game and discover more about the lives and appearances of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protists! Play with 1-4 people age 2+, with each game lasting around 5 minutes.
3
Meidan, Rina, i Robert Milvae. Regulation of Bovine Corpus Luteum Function. United States Department of Agriculture, marzec 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604935.bard.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The main goal of this research plan was to elucidate regulatory mechanisms controlling the development, function of the bovine corpus luteum (CL). The CL contains two different sterodigenic cell types and therefore it was necessary to obtain pure cell population. A system was developed in which granulosa and theca interna cells, isolated from a preovulatory follicle, acquired characteristics typical of large (LL) and small (SL) luteal cells, respectively, as judged by several biochemical and morphological criteria. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of granulosa cells removal on subsequent CL function, the results obtained support the concept that granulosa cells make a substaintial contribution to the output of progesterone by the cyclic CL but may have a limited role in determining the functional lifespan of the CL. This experimental model was also used to better understand the contribution of follicular granulosa cells to subsequent luteal SCC mRNA expression. The mitochondrial cytochrome side-chain cleavage enzyme (SCC), which converts cholesterol to pregnenolone, is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the steroidogenic pathway. Experiments were conducted to characterize the gene expression of P450scc in bovine CL. Levels of P450scc mRNA were higher during mid-luteal phase than in either the early or late luteal phases. PGF 2a injection decreased luteal P450scc mRNA in a time-dependent manner; levels were significantly reduced by 2h after treatment. CLs obtained from heifers on day 8 of the estrous cycle which had granulosa cells removed had a 45% reduction in the levels of mRNA for SCC enzymes as well as a 78% reduction in the numbers of LL cells. To characterize SCC expression in each steroidogenic cell type we utilized pure cell populations. Upon luteinization, LL expressed 2-3 fold higher amounts of both SCC enzymes mRNAs than SL. Moreover, eight days after stimulant removal, LL retained their P4 production capacity, expressed P450scc mRNA and contained this protein. In our attempts to establish the in vitro luteinization model, we had to select the prevulatory and pre-gonadotropin surge follicles. The ratio of estradiol:P4 which is often used was unreliable since P4 levels are high in atretic follicles and also in preovulatory post-gonadotropin follicles. We have therefore examined whether oxytocin (OT) levels in follicular fluids could enhance our ability to correctly and easily define follicular status. Based on E2 and OT concentrations in follicular fluids we could more accurately identify follicles that are preovulatory and post gonadotropin surge. Next we studied OT biosynthesis in granulosa cells, cells which were incubated with forskolin contained stores of the precursor indicating that forskolin (which mimics gonadotropin action) is an effective stimulator of OT biosynthesis and release. While studying in vitro luteinization, we noticed that IGF-I induced effects were not identical to those induced by insulin despite the fact that megadoses of insulin were used. This was the first indication that the cells may secrete IGF binding protein(s) which regonize IGFs and not insulin. In a detailed study involving several techniques, we characterized the species of IGF binding proteins secreted by luteal cells. The effects of exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids and arachidonic acid on the production of P4 and prostanoids by dispersed bovine luteal cells was examined. The addition of eicosapentaenoic acid and arachidonic acid resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in basal and LH-stimulated biosynthesis of P4 and PGI2 and an increase in production of PGF 2a and 5-HETE production. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism via the production of 5-HETE was unaffected. Results of these experiments suggest that the inhibitory effect of arachidonic acid on the biosynthesis of luteal P4 is due to either a direct action of arachidonic acid, or its conversion to 5-HETE via the lipoxgenase pathway of metabolism. The detailed and important information gained by the two labs elucidated the mode of action of factors crucially important to the function of the bovine CL. The data indicate that follicular granulosa cells make a major contribution to numbers of large luteal cells, OT and basal P4 production, as well as the content of cytochrome P450 scc. Granulosa-derived large luteal cells have distinct features: when luteinized, the cell no longer possesses LH receptors, its cAMP response is diminished yet P4 synthesis is sustained. This may imply that maintenance of P4 (even in the absence of a Luteotropic signal) during critical periods such as pregnancy recognition, is dependent on the proper luteinization and function of the large luteal cell.
4
Schick-Makaroff, Kara, Antoinette Davey, Mirjam Sprangers, Veronique Sébille, Rick Sawatzky i Response Shift in Sync Working Group. Protocol for a qualitative metasynthesis on response shift. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, luty 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0111.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Review question / Objective: The aim of this qualitative metasynthesis is to describe and synthesize qualitative response shift studies. We will: 1. describe the studies, including their methods, and 2. synthesize results about response shift. Condition being studied: The qualitative metasynthesis will include all qualitative studies on response shift, irrespective of the condition being studied. The type of health condition that each individual study focuses on (if applicable), will be extracted as a study-level code.
5
An, Dayoung, i Seung-ho Sun. The Effect of laser therapy in treating post-stroke shoulder pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, styczeń 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0085.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Review question / Objective: n patients with stroke, laser therapy, in comparison to other treatments, has a better effect in relieving shoulder pain? Eligibility criteria: Relevant studies will be included if they: (1) were randomized, controlled trials (RCT), (2) included patients diagnosed with post-stroke shoulder pain, and (3) laser therapy was used for treating shoulder pain after stroke. Studies will be excluded if they; (1) used combined treatment without examining the effectiveness of laser therapy alone, (2) compared different types of laser therapy, or (3) reported insufficient information.
6
Andrian, Leandro Gaston, Oscar Valencia, Jorge Hirs i Ivan Leonardo Urrea Rios. Fiscal Rules and Economic Cycles: Quality (Always) Matters. Inter-American Development Bank, styczeń 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004570.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Governments can issue public debt for both good and bad reasons. The former include intertemporal tax smoothing, fiscal stimulus, and asset management. In contrast, the bad reasons, which generate higher indebtedness, are mainly associated with political cycles, rent capture, intergenerational transfers, and common pool problems. Fiscal rules aim to eliminate the problem of time inconsistency of public finances and minimize debt accumulation by setting debt limits. Despite the theoretical relevance of fiscal rules and institutions to the proper management of fiscal processes in different countries, the evidence indicates mixed results regarding the effectiveness of this type of mechanism for fiscal performance. To understand the effect that fiscal rules have on public debt, this paper studies the effect of different types of rules on debt behavior and their differential effects with respect to the economic cycle. Using a dynamic panel, which enables us to control for endogeneity problems, and the use of a fiscal rule quality index (Schaechter et. al., 2012), this paper finds that fiscal rules only have a significant effect on the reduction of public debt during the positive side of the economic cycle if adequate institutional arrangements accompany them. Furthermore, only some types of fiscal rules (expenditure rules) show a significant effect during the negative part of the cycle. These results have relevant policy implications, as they underscore the importance of (1) developing institutional arrangements that promote the proper functioning of fiscal rules and (2) considering economic cycle asymmetries in order to ensure the appropriate operation of fiscal rules and the fulfillment of policy objectives.
7
Lyons, Nicole, Ali Siddiqui, Oluwatunmininu Anwoju, Brianna Cohen, Walter Ramsey, Christopher O'Neil, Zuhair Ali i Mike Liang. Biologic versus Synthetic Mesh for Ventral Hernia Repair: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, październik 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0016.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Review question / Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of utilizing biologic mesh versus synthetic mesh during ventral hernia repair (VHR). Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials comparing biologic and synthetic mesh in ventral hernia repair. Studies were included if they were focused on adults (over age 18), human subjects, and were published in the English language. Studies were limited to only VHR and needed to compare biologic with synthetic mesh. Repair could be done open, laparoscopically, or robotically. Exclusion criteria included: (1) articles that only included synthetic or biologic mesh (ex. comparing two types of biologic mesh) or (2) procedures for other types of hernias, for example inguinal or hiatal.
8
Shi, Min, Yao Yao, Haifeng Ding, Jian Yang, Zhen Feng, Yingying Jiang i Tao Guo. The Pharyngeal Packs for Dental and Otolaryngological Surgery: A Meta-analysis of High-quality RCTs. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, luty 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0002.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Review question / Objective: To quantitatively evaluate the role of pharyngeal packing in dental and otolaryngological surgeries by meta-analysis Eligibility criteria: Trials were included if they met the following criteria: (1) high-quality randomized controlled trial; (2) application of pharyngeal pack was the only intervention; (3) investigations of dental and otolaryngological surgeries; (4) full English text could be identified; and (5) at least one available parametric indicator was addressed.The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) low-quality RCT or non-RCT; (2) pharyngeal pack was not the only intervention or the comparison of different pack types; (3) full English text could not be traced; (4) absence of information on selected raw data; and (5) irrelevant studies, reviews, comments or clinical case reports.
9
Chust-Hernández, Pablo, Emelina López-González i Joan Maria Senent-Sánchez. Effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments for academic stress in university students: a protocol for a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, lipiec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0071.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to analyse the effectiveness of different non-pharmacological interventions on academic stress in university students. Eligibility criteria: Those articles that meet the following criteria will be included: 1) Papers that refer to the evaluation of the efficacy of an intervention on purely academic stress, assessed with a specific academic stress assessment instrument and not general or perceived stress; 2) Samples composed only of university students; 3) Empirical studies with pretest-posttest; 4) Studies published in English, Spanish and Portuguese; 5) Articles published in the last 10 years (since January 1, 2011). Registers will be excluded if: 1) they do not meet the inclusion criteria; 2) they do not clearly define the assessment instrument or the type of stress they assess; 3) studies that do not clearly specify the implementation of a prospective intervention (e.g. studies that analyse the relationship between academic stress and having ever sought counselling from a university counselling or mental health service); 4) grey literature.
10
Zheng, You-you, Ning Liang, Long-kun Liu, Wei-jia Sun, Xue-hui Wang, Yu-xin Sun, Yun-ru Chen, Xiao-xia Han, Zhao-lan Liu i Jian-ping Liu. Effectiveness and Safety of Chinese Patent Medicine for Functional Constipation: A Systematic Review and Network-Meta Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, maj 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0049.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Review question / Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese patent medicine in treatment of functional constipation by using the Network Meta-Analysis. 1. Types of participants: participants diagnosed as functional constipation according to Rome III, Rome IV or other published criteria or guidelines. No limitation on types of FC, age, sex, and nation. Children and pregnant women were excluded. Participants who had other constipation-related diseases including irritable bowel syndrome, functional defecation disorders and opioid-induced constipation were excluded. 2 Types of Interventions. Chinese patent medicine which have been registered with the approval batch number beginning with “Z,” approved by Chinese National Medical Product Administration (NMPA), used alone or in combination with Polyethylene Glycol, Lactulose, Bisacodyl, Prucalopride Succinate, probiotic, or Mosapride which recommended by latest clinical guidelines released by authorized organizations. The dosage, formulation, and route of administration of Chinese patent medicine were not limited. 3 Types of control. Registered Chinese patent medicines used alone, Polyethylene Glycol, Lactulose, Bisacodyl, Prucalopride Succinate, probiotic, Mosapride which recommended by latest clinical guidelines released by authorized organizations or placebo were eligible. 4 Types of outcomes. Primary outcomes were the clinical effect, score of dyschezia and defecation time. Secondary outcomes were adverse events and recurrence rate. 5 Types of study design. Parallel randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Conference abstracts were excluded if full articles were not available.