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Tang, Campbell. "Microbial hydroxylation of the morphinans". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614764.
Pełny tekst źródłaDjaneye-Boundjou, Gbandi. "Hydroxylation catalytique de composés aromatiques". Poitiers, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989POIT2324.
Pełny tekst źródłaRautenbach, Daniel. "The electrochemical hydroxylation of aromatic substrates". Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/94.
Pełny tekst źródłaGqogqa, Pumeza. "Hydroxylation of aromatic compounds over zeolites". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2564.
Pełny tekst źródłaAromatic precursor compounds are derivatives that play an important role in biosystems and are useful in the production of fine chemicals. This work focuses on the catalytic synthesis of 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone and cresols (para- and ortho) using aqueous hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant in liquidphase oxidation of 2-methylnaphthalene and toluene over titanium-substituted zeolite TS-1 or Ti-MCM-41. Catalysts synthesised in this work were calcined at 550°C, extensively characterised using techniques such as X-ray Fluorescence for determining the catalyst chemical composition; BET for surface area, pore size and micropore volume; Powder X-ray diffraction for determining their crystallinity and phase purity and SEM was used to investigate the catalyst morphologies. The BET surface areas for Ti-MCM-41 showed a surface area of 1025 m2/g, and a 0.575 cm3/g micropore volume. However, zeolite TS-1 showed a BET surface area of 439 m2/g and a 0.174 cm3/g micropore volume. The initial experiments on 2-methylnaphthalene hydroxylation were performed using the normal batch method. After a series of batch runs, without any success as no products were generated as confirmed by GC, a second experimental tool was proposed. This technique made use of the reflux system at reaction conditions similar to that of the batch system. After performing several experimental runs and optimising the system to various reactor operating conditions and without any products formed, the thought of continuing using the reflux was put on hold. Due to this, a third procedure was brought into perspective. This process made use of PTFE lined Parr autoclave. The reactor operating conditions were changed in order to suit the specifications and requirements of the autoclave. This process yielded promising results and the formation of 2-MNQ was realised. There was a drawback when using an autoclave as only one data point was obtained, at the end of each run. Therefore, it was not possible to investigate reaction kinetics in terms of time. Addition of aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30 wt-%) solution in the feed was done in one lot at the beginning of each reaction in all oxidation reactions, to a reactor containing 2-methylnaphthalene and the catalyst in an appropriate solvent of choice (methanol, acetonitrile, 2-propanol, 1-propanol, 1-pentanol, and butanol), with sample withdrawal done over a period of 6 hours (excluding catalytic experiments done with a Parr autoclave as sampling was impossible). As expected, 2-methylnaphthalene oxidation reactions with medium pore zeolite TS-1 yielded no formation of 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone using various types of solvents, with a batch reactor, reflux system, or a Parr PTFE autoclave. This was attributed to the fact that 2-methylnaphthalene is a large compound and hinders diffusion into zeolite channels. With the use of an autoclave, Ti-MCM-41 catalysed reactions showed that the choice of a solvent and reaction temperature strongly affect 2- methylnaphthalene conversion and product selectivity. This was proven after comparing a series of different solvents (such as methanol, isopropanol, npropanol, isobutanol, n-pentanol and acetonitrile) at different temperatures. Only reactions using acetonitrile as a solvent showed 2-MNQ. Formation of 2- MNQ, indicating that acetonitrile is an appropriate choice of solvent for this system. The highest 2-methylnaphthalene conversion (92%) was achieved at 120 ˚C, with a relative product selectivity of 51.4 %. Temperature showed a major effect on 2-MN conversion as at lower reaction temperature 100˚C, the relative product selectivity (72%) seems to enhance; however, the drawback is the fact that lower 2-methylnaphthalene conversions (18%) are attained. Another important point to note is the fact that using an autoclave (with acetonitrile as a solvent), 2-methyl-1-naphthol was generated as a co-product. In conclusion, it has been shown that the hydroxylation of different aromatic compounds over zeolites conducted in this study generated interesting findings. In 2-MN hydroxylation over Ti-MCM-41 as a catalyst, only acetonitrile is an appropriate choice of solvent using an autoclave. In addition, zeolite TS-1 is not a suitable catalyst for 2-MN hydroxylation reactions. It is ideal to optimise an autoclave in order to investigate reaction kinetics and optimum selectivity. Toluene hydroxylation reactions yielded para and ortho-cresol as expected with either water or acetonitrile as a solvent. No meta-cresol was formed. The kinetic model fitted generated a good fit with water as a solvent or excess toluene, with acetonitrile as a solvent generating a reasonable fit.
Deng, Yifan. "Flavin-dependent hydroxylation of aromatic compounds". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS601.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe growing global market of industrial enzymes is estimated to attain 17 billion USD in 2025. The strong demand and many advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, environmentally friendly procedures draw more attention to its use. Besides the regular utilization, specialty enzymes including biocatalysts are quickly developing due to the demand in pharmaceutics, research & biotechnology, and diagnostics. The objective of this project is to realize an in vitro system which can catalyze an aromatic hydroxylation reaction. This project is divided into two parts. After an introduction, the details of system establishment will be described, followed by a study on biochemical properties. In order to achieve a higher yield on high added value products, activity on non-natural substrates needs to be enhanced. A crystallography-structure-mutagenesis approach is applied, based on the model structure of the enzyme, chosen residues are mutated into specific amino acids and activity of these mutants is tested on non-substrates. Considering hydroxylation is a redox reaction, cofactors are needed. For an in vitro system, in order to lower production cost by avoiding using high price reduced cofactors, a regeneration system will be introduced. The enzymatic regeneration system currently used in industrial production is still considered to be an efficient method. Nevertheless, new methods such as electrochemical regeneration, organometallic complexes catalyzed regeneration show a comparable activity to the aforementioned enzymatic regeneration system. With the goal of facilitating catalyst recycling, a catalyst heterogenization process is applied. Immobilization of a Rh based organometallic complex on Bipyridine-Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica (Bpy-PMO) is investigated as an example. This heterogeneous catalyst shows relatively interesting cofactors regeneration activity and recyclability
Bhowmick, Rupa. "Transition metal-ion mediated hydroxylation reactions". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/867.
Pełny tekst źródłaFedkenheuer, Michael Gerald. "Structural and Mutational Analyses of Aspergillus fumigatus SidA: A Flavin-Dependent N-hydroxylating Enzyme". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76837.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science in Life Sciences
Frémy, Nicolas. "Etude des premiers stades d'oxydation de NiA1(001) : croissance d'un film ultra-mince d'alumine et réactivité à la vapeur d'eau de l'oxyde formé". Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066455.
Pełny tekst źródłaKarabacak, Elife Ozlem. "Aspergillus Niger Mediated A-hydroxylation Of Cyclic Ketones". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608088/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródła#945
-oxidation of ketones (1-indanone, 1-tetralone) was studied. The &
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-oxidation of ketones was carried out by using whole cells of Aspergillus niger in different growth media. A. niger whole cell catalyzed reactions afforded (S)-configurated 2- hydroxy-1-tetralone with %87 e.e. in DMSO at pH 5.0. In addition to this,while (S)-configurated 2-hydroxy-1-indanone with %33 e.e. in pH 8.0 (in DMSO) was synthesized, (R)-configurated-2-hyroxy-1-indanone with %32 e.e. in pH 7.0 ( in DMSO) was synthesized.
Kim, Namhoon. "Epoxidation and di-hydroxylation of camelina sativa oil". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18252.
Pełny tekst źródłaDepartment of Grain Science and Industry
Xiuzhi Susan Sun
Plant oil-based raw materials have become more attractive alternatives in polymer industry as fossil resources depletion and environmental concerns continue to arise. Camelina (camelina sativa L.) seed contains about 45% of oil and about 90% of the oil is unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and erucic acids. It also provides the advantages of low cost and low fertilizer demand. Functionalized oils such as epoxidized camelina oil (ECO) and di-hydroxyl camelina oil (DCO) can be used for resins, adhesives, coatings, etc. The objectives of this work were to synthesize and characterize ECO and DCO from camelina oil. The epoxidation reaction of camelina oil was completed with formic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Catalyst ratio, reaction time, and temperature effects on the epoxidation reaction were studied. The optimum epoxy content of 7.52 wt% with a conversion rate of 76.34% was obtained from camelina oil using excess hydrogen peroxide and a molar ratio of formic acid of less than 1 for 5 hours in 50 °C. Camelina oil yields higher epoxy content (7.52 wt%) than soybean oil (6.53 wt%); however, soybean oil had a higher conversion rate of 80.16% compared to camelina oil because of uniform fatty acids distribution. In this study, we found that epoxidation efficiency is significantly affected by fatty acids composition, structure, and distribution. DCO was synthesized from ECO with different reaction parameters. The ring opening of ECO was performed with water, perchloric acid, and THF as proton donor, catalyst, and solvent respectively. Hydroxyl value of DCO was measured, and the maximal hydroxyl value was 369.24 mg KOH/g. physical properties of DCO were characterized by acid value and moisture content; thermal properties of DCO were obtained using different scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermalgravimetric analysis (TGA). Amount of solvent and acid catalyst addition affected the hydroxyl value and residual acid in DCO. Heat capacity, phase transition temperatures, and thermal stability of DCO were obtained and showed higher values than ECO’s. The DCO showed higher peel adhesion when it was formulated with epoxidized soybean oils through UV curing because camelina oil allows higher epoxy content, which results in higher hydroxyl values.
Facon, Isabelle, i B. TREMILLON. "Hydroxylation biologique de substrats terpeniques par mucor plumbeus". Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066114.
Pełny tekst źródłaDOIDY, VALERIE. "Hydroxylation électroassistée de composés aromatiques en phase liquide". Poitiers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992POIT2405.
Pełny tekst źródłaKolet, S. P. "Microbial hydroxylation of steroids: characterization of steroid hydroxylase". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2013. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2201.
Pełny tekst źródłaLütjohann, Dieter. "Cholesterol homeostasis in the brain : importance of 24S-hydroxylation /". Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3410-X/.
Pełny tekst źródłaAl-Hazmi, Naeem. "One step hydroxylation of benzene to phenol using N2O". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8299.
Pełny tekst źródłaArantes, Simone Fontes. "A model for hydroxylation with the fungus Mucor plumbeus". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262694.
Pełny tekst źródłaDeshayes, Sylvie. "Modalités d'application d'un test d'hydroxylation (debrisoquine) chez le rat DA en situations pathologiques humaines". Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10431.
Pełny tekst źródłaAmadei, Giuseppi Edith. "Modélisation chimique de la dopamine [bêta] hydroxylase". Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30019.
Pełny tekst źródłaJalal, Rachid. "Activation des hydrocarbures : fonctionnalisation sélective de l'adamantane". Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30016.
Pełny tekst źródłaKelly, Leanne. "Studies on the role of post-translational hydroxylation in signalling". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531965.
Pełny tekst źródłaHaigh, Charles. "The caffeine 8-hydroxylation in humans, a predominantly intestinal phenomenon". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ63171.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaGentile, Daniela Marie. "Characterisation of the cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in steroid hydroxylation". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343687.
Pełny tekst źródłaAitken, Suzanne Jill. "Biocatalytic methods for the hydroxylation of non-activated carbon centres". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10932.
Pełny tekst źródłaProuilhac-Cros, Sylvie. "Préparation et hydroxylation regiosélective d'aryldiethoxyméthylsilanes : synthèse originale de phénols fonctionnels". Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR10592.
Pełny tekst źródłaYumura, Takashi. "Theoretical studies on hydroxylation of hydrocarbons by iron-oxo complexes". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/148837.
Pełny tekst źródłaLubin, Hodney. "Synthèse d'oxazolidines et de pyrrolidines trifluorométhylées chirales : applications en synthèse asymétrique". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CERG0478.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe trifluoromethylated oxazolidine (trans-Fox) derived from (R)-phenylglycinol was prepared as a single diastereoisomer by a cristallisation induced dynamic resolution of a mixture of cis and trans oxazolidines.The trans-Fox was used with success as a chiral auxiliary for hydroxylation by oxygen and electrophilic fluorination of amide enolates reactions and [2,3] sigmatropic rearrangements of allylic amines. After deprotection, very synthetically useful enantiomerically pure compounds were obtained.An acces to chiral trifluoromethylated pyrrolidines was developped starting from trans-Fox. The trans 2-phenyl-5-trifluoromethylpyrrolidine was used as a chiral auxiliary for asymmetric alkylation reactions
Rose, Jamey. "Hydroxylation of 2-methylnaphthalene to 2-methylnaphthoquinone over TI-substituted catalysis". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5192.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: Partially oxygenated aromatic compounds, e.g. quinones, hydroquinones and cresols, play a vital role in the fine chemical industry and were initially prepared by stoichiometric oxidation processes that produce toxic products that are hazardous towards the environment. As a result, it was important to investigate environmentally friendly processes for the hydroxylation of aromatic compounds. This resulted in newer methods using Ti-substituted microporous zeolites as catalysts with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant in the presence of a solvent. However, the methods were found to be ineffective for large, bulky substrates due to the small pore structure. This led to using Ti-mesoporous materials as catalysts but suffered from two drawbacks; the hydrophilic nature and low hydrothermal stability of the catalyst structure. Ti-microporous and Ti-mesoporous materials acting as catalysts for the oxidation of bulky substrates achieved environmentally friendly processes but obtained low conversions and quinone yields. Therefore, the challenge has been to develop a process that is environmentally friendly, achieves high conversions, where the catalyst acts truly heterogeneous and obtains high quinone yields for the hydroxylation of bulky substrates. Recently, micropores/mesopores catalysts incorporating advantages of both micropores and mesopores materials were synthesised and seemed promising for the hydroxylation of bulky substrates. This study focuses on synthesising and evaluating the feasibility of various Ti-substituted catalysts for improving the hydroxylation of the bulky substrate, 2-methylnaphthalene (2MN) with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant in the presence of a solvent, acetonitrile. The oxidation of 2MN produces 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (2MNQ). 2MNQ is also known as menadione or Vitamin K3 and acts as a blood coagulating agent. The catalysts synthesised for this study were mesoporous catalysts, Ti- MCM-41 and Ti-MMM-2 and microporous/mesoporous catalysts, Ti-MMM-2(P123) and a highly ordered mesoporous material. The main objective of this study was to design an efficient process that is environmentally friendly and achieves high 2MN conversions and 2MNQ yields. This was achieved by evaluating the various catalysts synthesised, reaction conditions, testing if the catalyst was truly heterogeneous and identifying the products formed from the process. The designed process was proved to be environmentally friendly because the system did not produce products that were harmful towards the environment. The products identified in this study were 2MNQ, 2-methyl-1-naphthol, 2-naphthaldehyde, 3-ethoxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde and menadione epoxide. An investigation was conducted to determine which catalyst synthesised favoured this process by quantifying the effect reaction conditions have on the various catalysts. The reaction conditions were defined in terms of the hydrogen peroxide volume, catalyst amount, solvent volume, substrate amount, reaction time and reaction temperature. The desired catalyst for this study obtained the highest 2MN conversions in comparison with the other catalysts and favoured the formation of 2MNQ. The catalyst achieving the highest conversions and favouring 2MNQ in most cases for this investigation was the highly ordered mesoporous material. Improving operating conditions to obtain high 2MNQ yields for the oxidation of 2MN to 2MNQ over the highly ordered mesoporous material was determined by varying the reaction conditions with the one factor at a time approach and a factorial design. The one factor at a time approach showed that best 2MNQ yields were obtained at 1 g substrate when investigating a change in substrate amount between 0.5 g and 2 g. Best 2MNQ yields were obtained at 10 ml solvent when investigating a change of solvent volume between 5 ml and 20 ml. The 2MNQ yield increased with increasing the catalyst amount (50 mg to 200 mg), hydrogen peroxide volume (1 ml to 6 ml) and increasing the reaction times (2 hour to 6 hours) at reaction temperatures, 120°C and 150°C. The yield decreased with increasing the reaction time (2 hours to 6 hours) at reaction temperature, 180°C. A preliminary 2 level factorial design was prepared to observe if there were any important interactions affecting the 2MNQ yield. The results from the factorial design indicated that the hydrogen peroxide volume had the most influence on the 2MNQ yield followed by the reaction time-reaction temperature interaction and reaction temperature. From the factorial design, the yield increased by increasing the hydrogen peroxide volume and reaction temperature whilst decreasing the reaction temperature-reaction time interaction. The highest 2MNQ yields and 2MN conversions obtained for the hydroxylation of 2MN to 2MNQ over the highly ordered mesoporous material in this study were in the ranges 48-50 % and 97-99 %, respectively. This study indicates that the process system, reaction conditions and catalyst type have an impact on the products formed, 2MN conversion, 2MNQ selectivity and 2MNQ yield. The highly ordered mesoporous material was found to be truly heterogeneous because no leaching occurred and the catalyst could be recycled without losing its catalytic activity and selectivity for at least two catalyst cycles. It can be concluded that the highly ordered mesoporous material is therefore a promising catalyst for the selective oxidation of bulky substrates with aqueous H2O2 because it produces an environmentally friendly process, achieves high conversions, obtains high quinone yields and the catalyst truly acts heterogeneous.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gedeeltelik geoksideerde aromatiese verbindings (bv. kinone, hidrokinone en kresole) speel ‘n belangrike rol in die fynchemiebedryf. Hierdie verbindings is aanvanklik voorberei deur stoïchiometriese oksidasie prosesse wat gifstowwe nadelig vir die omgewing veroorsaak. Daarom is dit belangrik om omgewingsvriendelike prosesse vir die hidroksilering van aromatiese verbindings te ondersoek. Hierdie ondersoeke het gelei tot nuwe metodes wat Ti-vervangde mikroporeuse seoliete as katalisator met waterstofperoksied as oksideermiddel in die teenwoordigheid van ʼn oplosmiddel benut. Dit is egter gevind dat hierdie metodes oneffektief is vir groot, lywige substrate weens die fyn poriestruktuur van die katalisator. Dit lei tot die gebruik van Ti-mesoporeuse materiale as katalisators, maar toon twee tekortkominge, naamlik die hidrofiliese aard en lae hidrotermiese stabiliteit van die katalisatorstruktuur. Ti-mikroporeuse en Ti-mesoporeuse materiale benut as katalisators vir die oksidasie van lywige substrate lewer omgewingsvriendelike prosesse, maar vermag lae omsetting en kinoonopbrengs. ʼn Uitdaging is dus om ʼn omgewingsvriendelike proses te ontwikkel met hoë omsetting, waar die katalisator werklik heterogeen optree en hoë kinoonopbrengs lewer vir die hidroksilering van lywige substrate. Katalisators vir die hidroksilering van lywige substrate wat die voordele van beide mikroporieë/mesoporieë ten toon stel is onlangs gesintetiseer, met belowende resultate. Hierdie studie is ingestel op die sintetisering en evaluering van uitvoerbaarheid van verskeie Tivervangde katalisators vir die optimering van die hidroksilering van die lywige substraat, 2- metielnaftaleen (2MN), met waterstofperoksied as oksideermiddel met asetonitriel as oplosmiddel. Die oksidering van 2MN produseer 2-metiel-1,4-naftokinoon (2MNK), ook bekend as vitamien K3, ʼn bloedstollingsmiddel. Die katalisators vervaardig vir hierdie studie was die mesoporeuse katalisators, Ti-MCM-41 en Ti-MMM-2, en die mikroporeuse/mesoporeuse katalisor Ti-MMM-2(P123), sowel as ʼn hoogs geordende mesoporeuse materiaal. Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie was om ʼn doeltreffende, omgewingsvriendelike proses met hoë 2MN omsetting en 2MNK opbrengs te ontwerp. Voorgenoemde is vermag deur verskeie gesintetiseerde katalisators en reaksiekondisies te evalueer, om te toets of katalisators werklik heterogeen is, en om die prosesprodukte te identifiseer. Die ontwerpte proses kan beskou word as omgewingsvriendelik, aangesien die stelsel geen produkte lewer wat skade aan die natuur kan veroorsaak nie. 2MNK, 2-metiel-1-naftol, 2-naftaldehied, 3- etoksi-4-metoksibensaldehied en menadioonepoksied is in hierdie studie geïdentifiseer as prosesprodukte. Om te bepaal watter gesintetiseerde katalisators hierdie proses begunstig, is ʼn ondersoek geloods om die effek van reaksiekondisies op die verskeie katalisators te kwantifiseer. Die reaksiekondisies is omskryf in terme van waterstofperoksiedkonsentrasie, katalisatorhoeveelheid, oplosmiddelvolume, substraathoeveelheid, reaksietyd en reaksietemperatuur. Die gewenste katalistor vir hierdie proses was die katalisator wat die hoogste 2MN omsetting lewer en die vorming van 2MNK bevorder. Die hoogs geordende mesoporeuse materiaal was in hierdie ondersoek die katalisator met die hoogste omsetting wat ook 2MNK-vorming bevorder het in die meeste gevalle. Om die beste bedryfstoestande vir hoë 2MNK opbrengs vanaf die oksidering van 2MN oor hoogs geordende mesoporeuse materiaal te bepaal, is die reaksiekondisies verander deur met een faktor op ʼn slag te verander, sowel as faktorverandering volgens ʼn faktoriaalontwerp. Die een-faktor-op-‘nslag benadering het getoon dat die 2MNK opbrengs ʼn maksimum bereik waar die substraathoeveelheid tussen 0.5 g en 2 g wissel, met die oplosmiddelvolume tussen 5 ml en 20 ml. Die opbrengs het ietwat verbeter met ʼn groter hoeveelheid katalisatorhoeveelheid (van 50 mg na 200 mg), terwyl die opbrengs drasties verbeter het waar die waterstofperoksiedvolume van 3 ml tot 6 ml verhoog is. Die opbrengs het ook verbeter met ʼn styging in reaksietemperatuur (van 120°C tot 180°C) met reaksietydintervalle van 1 tot 6 ure. Die opbrengs het egter gedaal by 180°C waar reaksietye langer as 2 ure. Volgens die resultate van die een-faktor-op-‘n-slag benadering blyk dit dat reaksietemperatuur, waterstofperoksiedvolume, katalisatorhoeveelheid en reaksietyd faktore is wat verhoogde 2MNK opbrengs bevorder. Hierdie reaksiekondisies is geselekteer vir die faktoriaalontwerp. ʼn Voorlopige 2- vlak faktoriaalontwerp is voorberei om te bepaal of daar enige belangrike interaksies is wat die 2MNK opbrengs beïnvloed. Die resultate van die faktoriaalontwerp het aangetoon dat waterstofperoksiedvolume die grootste invloed op 2MNK opbrengs het, gevolg deur die interaksie van reaksietyd en reaksietemperatuur, en dan reaksietemperatuur. Die faktoriaalontwerp resultate toon verder dat opbrengs verhoog met toenemende waterstofperoksiedvolume en reaksietemperatuur, terwyl die opbrengs verlaag soos wat die reaksietyd-reaksietemperatuur interaksie toeneem. Hierdie studie het hoogste 2MNK opbrengs van 48-50% en 2MN omsetting van 97-99% vir die hidroksilering van 2MN na 2MNK oor hoogs geordende mesoporeuse materiale behaal. Hierdie studie bevestig bevindinge van die literatuur dat die prosesstelsel, reaksiekondisies en katalisatortipe ʼn groot impak het op prosesprodukte, 2MN omsetting, 2MNK selektiwiteit en 2MNK opbrengs. In hierdie navorsingstudie is bevind dat hoë 2MN omsetting en 2MNK opbrengs behaal word by hoë reaksietemperature met kort reaksietye en hoë waterstofperoksiedvolumes. Dit is gevind dat die hoogs geordende mesoporeuse materiaal werklik heterogeen is, aangesien geen loging plaasgevind het nie, en aangesien die katalisator hergebruik kon word sonder verlies aan katalisatoraktiwiteit en –selektiwiteit, vir ten minste twee katalisatorsiklusse. ʼn Gevolgtrekking kan gemaak word dat die hoogs geordende mesoporeuse materiaal ʼn belowende katalisator vir die selektiewe oksidering van lywige substrate met waterige H2O2 is, aangesien dit ʼn omgewingsvriendelike proses lewer met hoë omsetting, hoë kinoonopbrengs en katalisatorgedrag wat waarlik heterogeen is.
Allian, Martine. "Hydroxylation du phénol par le péroxyde d'hydrogène en catalyse acide hétérogène". Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20160.
Pełny tekst źródłaInchley, P. "The oxidation of hydrocarbons using model systems for the cytochrome P-450 mono-oxygenases". Thesis, University of York, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378063.
Pełny tekst źródłaGimenez, Christian. "Etude par spectrométrie de masse d'ions secondaires de l'hydroxylation de tiO:(2) (100)". Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS056.
Pełny tekst źródłaMena, Aguilar Didier Philippe. "Biochemical Characterization of Thermocrispum agreste TheA: A Flavin-Dependent N-hydroxylating Enzyme". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83785.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science in Life Sciences
Courteix, Anne. "Modulation electrochimique de l'activité biologique de protéines à fer". Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30167.
Pełny tekst źródłaKandel, Sylvie. "Caractérisation d'hydroxylases d'acides gras cytochrome P450-dépendantes : les CYP709Cs de Triticum aestivum et CYP94C1 d'Arabidopsis thaliana". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR13077.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn order to understand the physiological functions of plant P450-dependent fatty acid hydroxylases, new P450 enzymes were cloned and characterized in the laboratory. In an attempt to clone all cytochromes P450 from wheat involved in xenobiotic metabolism, the CYP709C subfamily has been isolated. Biochemical study demonstrated that the isoform CYP709C1 hydroxylates fatty acids in subterminal positions (-1 and -2). CYP709C1 is strongly induced by chemical treatments indicating a potential role in defense or in xenobiotic detoxification. CYP94C1 is a P450 of Arabidopsis induced by methyl jasmonate. The enzyme corresponds to a fatty acid -hydroxylase according to biochemical study. Furthermore, it has the capability to oxidize the -hydroxyl group successively to the respective aldehyde and carboxylic groups. This property suggest a possible role for CYP94C1 in Arabidopsis cutin biosynthesis or in fatty acid catabolism via the beta-oxidation pathway
Blain, Ingrid. "Modèles fonctionnels de monooxygénases à cuivre : hydroxylations stéréospécifiques". Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30091.
Pełny tekst źródłaBracco, Garcia Maria Paula [Verfasser]. "Selective steroid hydroxylation by bacterial cytochrome P450 monooxygenases / Maria Paula Bracco Garcia". Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058391046/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaBowers, Nigel Ian. "Dioxygenase-catalysed formation of arene hydroxylation products and their application in synthesis". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361355.
Pełny tekst źródłaMamontov, Alexander. "Hydroxylation et halogénation directe et sélective des composés azotés en milieu superacide". Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT2267.
Pełny tekst źródłaLate-stage functionalization can now be considered as a synthetic tool of choice to create molecular diversity, especially in a medicinal chemistry context. For example, aromatic C-H bonds can be regarded as functional groups and points of potential diversification to generate new analogs of a lead structure without resorting to de novo synthesis.The direct functionalization of elaborated compounds can also be done using superacid chemistry as demonstrated by the previous work of professor Jacquesy. One of the best examples of this strategy is certainly the direct transformation of vinorelbine (Navelbine®) by fluorination in superacid conditions to lead to its difluorinated analogue (Vinflunine), marketed by Pierre Fabre laboratories as an anticancer agent Javlor®.In this context, these studies focused on the development of new methods for the direct functionalization of aromatic nitrogen containing compounds.In particular, this work aimed at developing new synthetic tools in superacid for:1. the direct hydroxylation of aromatic compounds;2. the halogenation of aromatic nitrogen compounds from simple anilines to naturally occurring or synthetic compounds;3. the synthesis of labelled compounds with stable isotopes
Timmins, Amy. "Studies of enzymatic and biomimetic halogenation and hydroxylation in nonheme iron systems". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/studies-of-enzymatic-and-biomimetic-halogenation-and-hydroxylation-in-nonheme-iron-systems(6731e399-2622-49d7-b46d-1fb900f6df6f).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaManoury, Eric. "Hydroxylation aromatique et epoxydation d'alcenes par des derives du bore. Epoxydation asymetrique". Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112359.
Pełny tekst źródłaNiu, Chengyu. "Metal-Aluminum Oxide Interactions: Effects of Surface Hydroxylation and High Electric Field". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3039/.
Pełny tekst źródłaAsada, Shinichi. "The effect of HSP47 on prolyl 4-hydroxylation of collagen model peptides". Kyoto University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/181254.
Pełny tekst źródłaMacPherson, Tanya (Tanya Lynn) Carleton University Dissertation Chemistry. "The fluorine substituent effect on the hydroxylation of nonane by Pseudomonas oleovorans". Ottawa, 1994.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaKrähenbühl, Stephan. "Impaired bile acid transport in an animal model of defective debrisoquine hydroxylation /". [S.l : s.n.], 1985. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaJoseph, Jan Felix [Verfasser]. "Metabolism of androstane derivatives with focus on hydroxylation reactions / Jan Felix Joseph". Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122438877/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaSnellman, A. (Anne). "Characterization of chain association in collagen types XII and XIII and other biochemical features of type XIII collagen using baculovirus-directed insect cell expression". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2000. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514257464.
Pełny tekst źródłaRidyard, C. H. "The biotransformation of adamantane and its derivatives". Thesis, University of Exeter, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308344.
Pełny tekst źródłaRabaneda-Vacher, Agnès. "Réflexions à propos du traitement de cinquante six malades mentaux par médicaments dits neuroleptiques à action prolongée depuis au moins cinq ans". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF11OO4.
Pełny tekst źródłaMoussa-Khouzami, Sonia. "Synthèse, caractérisations physicochimiques et propriétés catalytiques de la titanosilicalite-1 TS-1". Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10260.
Pełny tekst źródłaVelasco, Nelson. "Synthèse et caractérisation de métallosilicates au vanadium". Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2369.
Pełny tekst źródłaLe, Quéré Valérie. "Métabolisme et caractérisation des cytochromes P450 impliqués dans l'oxydation des leucotoxines et des eicosanoi͏̈des chez l'homme et le rat". Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES2024.
Pełny tekst źródłaCYP4F are involved in the oxidation of important cellular mediators such as LTB4 and prostaglandins. The proinflammatory agent LTB4 as well as epoxide derived from unsaturated fatty acids of the C18 family were generated under biotic stresses and are associated with several inflammatory deseases. Here we report the metabolism of epoxystearic, coronaric, vernolic acids and of monoepoxides from arachidonic acid (EETs). Hepatic microsomes from human converted the three C18-epoxides to 18-hydroxy C18-epoxides with Km ranging from 27. 6 to 175 æM. The microsomal 18-hydroxy C18-epoxides formation was completely inhibited by LTB4, a substrate of CYP4F2 and 4F3, but was unaffected by lauric acid, a substrate of CYP4A11. Among P450s recombinant, CYP4F2 and 4F3B catalyze mainly the w-hydroxylation of C18-epoxides. CYP4F2 and CYP4F3 exhibit preference for w-hydroxylation of 8,9-EET whereas human liver microsomes prefer 11,12-EET followed by 8,9-EET. Conjugated diols from both C18-epoxydes and EETs were also w-hydroxylated by liver microsomes and by CYP4F2 and CYP4F3