Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Hydrogels conducteurs”
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Hydrogels conducteurs"
Marcasuzaa, Pierre. "Composites conducteurs à base de PANI : vers une architecture contrôlée de 2D à 3D". Pau, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PAUU3047.
Pełny tekst źródłaIntrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are a recent category of materials which currently make strong great strides. However, their main inconvenience is their insolubility in the usual solvents. That’s why lots of studies associate them with polymer matrices to make composites. During this study, conductive blocks copolymers with controlled architecture were obtained. These copolymers consist of a "matrix" block and a second conductive block. The first part, polystyrene or polyacrylate, is synthesized by controlled radical polymerization (ATRP) to control the molecular weight (between 5 000 and 15 000 g / mol) and the polydispersity (Ip). The conductive part is an oligomer of aniline. Then, both blocks are coupled to obtain a diblock copolymer. This synthesis is realized by conventional heating (bath of oil) and under microwave irradiation. Other architecture of copolymer is realized, it consists on the graft of polyaniline onto a natural polymer, the chitosane which brings coating properties, and the possibility of realizing hydrogels by crosslinking of grafting copolymer. So a network in which the PANI is distributed in a homogeneously is obtained
Mirbaha, Matin. "Development and shaping of conductive composite hydrogels for flow capacitive deionization (FCDI)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPSLS004.
Pełny tekst źródłaFlow capacitive deionization (FCDI) is an emerging water desalination technology that relies on the adsorption of ions on fluid electrodes, generally made of porous carbon-based materials, which make it possible to permanently renew the surface of the electrodes. One of the main limitations is clogging of the flow cell due to friction between conductive solid particles. We hypothesize that this problem can be solved by encapsulating conductive particles in a polymeric matrix.This project thus aims at mixing carbon-based materials within a chemically crosslinked hydrogel network shaped as sub-millimetric beads to provide deformable conductive granular material in which ions can diffuse. To do so, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were initially dispersed in the aqueous phase with the help of surfactants and later proper formulation was developed to disperse these conductive particles within monomers and crosslinkers solution to form a composite polymeric network. The swelling, the mechanical properties and the electrical conductivity of these composite hydrogels were initially studied by synthesizing bulk samples, and later, used as static electrodes to mimic the salt adsorption in a CDI system. Also, adsorption efficiency is shown to be enhanced by the co-encapsulation of porous carbon-based particles.Later, several methods were investigated to shape these composite hydrogels as sub-millimetric beads by suspension polymerization with an inverse emulsion. Some methods faced limitations and challenges because of the presence of various components like surfactants, monomers or hydrophobic particles, affecting the stability of the emulsions, the suspensions as well as the polymerization process. A first method that couples atomization, emulsification and polymerization steps was developed for producing pure gel beads at a high throughput but did not allow MWCNTs to be encapsulated. Finally, a method was obtained to provide colloidal stability and proper gelling necessary for the formation of sub-millimetric composite gel beads. While the process is promising, the composition as well as the flow reactor need to be optimized
Mottet, Léopold. "Hydrogel composite conducteur pour l'encapsulation de bactéries électroactives". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066583/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work focuses on the creation of a new biocompatible reactor allowing the encapsulaion and the study of electroactive bacteria. Made by co-extrusion, this millimeter bioreactor is a liquid core capsule with a conducting hydrogel membrane. To create such an object, we formulate a composite hydrogel of alginate/carbon nanotubes in two steps. The first step is rapid and creates the hydrogel matrix by diffusion of divalent ions inside the alginate/carbon nanotubes mix. The second step is slower and permits the dialysis of the surfactant used to stabilize the nanotubes. During this last step, the carbone nanotube network percolates, creating a conducting network in the hydrogel for sufficient nanotube contents (above 0.5 %). This composite material has a macroscopic conductivity around 0.1 S/m. An electrochemical study of this material allows to follow the nanotube connection inside the hydrogel. Bacteria can adhere on this composite hydrogel. Then, we demonstrate that the electroactivity of a biofilm developped on the inner side of the conductive capsule shell can be measured. This new biocompatible and electron-conducting compartment opens the way towards the development of a screening tool for the selection of electroactive bacteria but also brings innovative perspectives in the field of microbial fuel cells fabrication
Pelletier, Hervé. "Contributions a l'etude des interactions hydrogene-impuretes dans les semi-conducteurs ii-vi". Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA077178.
Pełny tekst źródłaBessi, Matteo. "Development of new highly conjugated molecules and their application in the field of renewable energy and biomaterials". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF056/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn recent years hybrid functional materials began to be employed in a series of technologically advanced applications spanning from bio/medical sensors, to renewable energy generation. For this reason, they became the focus of several studies in the field of materials science. At the same time, conjugated molecules have also been intensively investigated, due to the properties arising by the presence of long π-conjugated systems, from the possibility to conduct electricity to the ability to absorb light in a wide range of wavelengths. This PhD work focused on the introduction of such systems in two different kinds of hybrid materials, namely photovoltaic devices for the production of electricity (in particular Dye Sensitzed Solar Cells) and alternative fuels (hydrogen), and biocompatible stimuli-responsive hydrogels (capable to conduct electricity and to react upon irradiation), and on the study of their influence on the characteristics of the final material
Bessi, Matteo. "DEVELOPMENT OF NEW HIGHLY CONJUGATED MOLECULES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE FIELD OF RENEWABLE ENERGY AND BIOMATERIALS". Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1066871.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn recent years hybrid functional materials began to be employed in a series of technologically advanced applications spanning from bio/medical sensors, to renewable energy generation. For this reason, they became the focus of several studies in the field of materials science. At the same time, conjugated molecules have also been intensively investigated, due to the properties arising by the presence of long π-conjugated systems, from the possibility to conduct electricity to the ability to absorb light in a wide range of wavelengths. This PhD work focused on the introduction of such systems in two different kinds of hybrid materials, namely photovoltaic devices for the production of electricity (in particular Dye Sensitzed Solar Cells) and alternative fuels hydrogen), and biocompatible stimuli-responsive hydrogels (capable to conduct electricity and to react upon irradiation), and on the study of their influence on the characteristics of the final material.
Ces dernières années, les matériaux fonctionnels hybrides ont commencé à être employés pour des applications de la haute technologie, allant des senseurs bio/médicaux, à la production d’énergie renouvelable. Pour cette raison, ils sont devenus le centre de plusieurs études dans le domaine des sciences des matériaux. Simultanément, des molécules conjuguées ont été examinée intensément à cause de leurs propriétés venant de leurs longs systèmes π, allant de la possibilité de conduire l’électricité, à leur capacité d’absorber la lumière dans une grande fenêtre spectrale. Le travail de cette thèse se concentre sur l’introduction de tels systèmes dans deux sortes de matériaux hybrides, les dispositifs photovoltaïques pour la production d’électricité (en particuliers les cellules solaires à pigment photosensible) et de carburants alternatifs (hydrogène), et pour les hydrogels biocompatibles sensibles aux stimuli (capables de conduire l’électricité et de réagir sous irradiation), et sur l’étude de leur influence sur les caractéristiques du matériau final.
Brambilla, Andrea. "Application des semi-conducteurs couches minces a la detection de rayonnements nucleaires dans le cadre de la radioprotection". Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112103.
Pełny tekst źródłaBERRADA-GOUZI, KHADIJA. "Spectroscopie vibrationnelle d'interfaces molecules ou atomes-metal, semi-conducteur et oxyde : application aux systemes alkylthiols et dialkylthiols-argent, r-alkyl anhydrides-alumine et hydrogene-silicium". Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA077020.
Pełny tekst źródłaPokam, Kuisseu Pauline Sylvia. "Détachement des substrats ultra-minces des matériaux semi-conducteurs par implantation d’hydrogène à hautes énergies pour les applications photovoltaïques et électroniques". Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2035/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe motivation of this thesis was the study of an innovative process for the production of ultra-thin substrates (with thicknesses between 15 μm and 70 μm), based on the high energy hydrogen implantation, in our case in the range of 1 MeV to 2.5 MeV. Such an implantation followed by an appropriate thermal annealing, lead to the delamination of a freestanding thin layer, that we call “ultra-thin substrate”. The benefit of this delamination process is purely economic, since almost no raw material is lost. We have particularly used this process to produce ultra-thin (100) Si substrates, for the production of low-cost PV solar cells. In order to extend the process application fields, the delamination of ultra-thin substrates of two other materials (Ge and SiC) widely used in electronics has been also studied. In our work, the optimal implantation parameters (energy and fluence) and thermal annealing, leading to the delamination of large areas of Si (100) were first investigated. Subsequently, in order to validate the technological application of our process, solar cells have been performed with ultra-thin silicon substrates delaminated, with thicknesses of 50 μm and 70 μm. Results of PV performances obtained were quite close to those obtained with a reference solar cell achieved on a standard substrate. After that, in order to highlight the nature and the spatial distribution of fracture precursor defects after high energy hydrogen implantation in silicon, which had not yet done so far the subject of specific studies, characterizations have been carried out at different annealing stages, by means of TEM and FTIR. Finally, delamination results obtained with Ge and SiC, which were compared to the case of Si, helped us to learn more about delamination criteria. Indeed, we observed that, as the material rigidity increase, i.e. as the Young modulus is higher, the fluence and temperature require for the delamination will be also high
Cherchour, Mustapha. "Etude de la production d'ions hydrogène lents et de leur interaction avec les surfaces clivées de semi-conducteurs (GaAs, InP)". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066202.
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