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Russell, Andrew Joseph. "Rights of church workers". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.
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Lambertson, Ross. "Activists in the age of rights the struggle for human rights in Canada, 1945-1960 /". Thesis, Connect to this title online, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ37352.pdf.
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Wong, Wendy H. "Centralizing principles how Amnesty International shaped human rights politics through its transnational network /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3307141.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 9, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 248-272).
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Harpur, Paul David. "Labour rights as human rights : workers' safety at work in Australian-based supply chains". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/35793/1/Paul_Harpur_Thesis.pdf.
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The increase of buyer-driven supply chains, outsourcing and other forms of non-traditional employment has resulted in challenges for labour market regulation. One business model which has created substantial regulatory challenges is supply chains. The supply chain model involves retailers purchasing products from brand corporations who then outsource the manufacturing of the work to traders who contract with factories or outworkers who actually manufacture the clothing and textiles. This business model results in time and cost pressures being pushed down the supply chain which has resulted in sweatshops where workers systematically have their labour rights violated. Literally millions of workers work in dangerous workplaces where thousands are killed or permanently disabled every year. This thesis has analysed possible regulatory responses to provide workers a right to safety and health in supply chains which provide products for Australian retailers.
This thesis will use a human rights standard to determine whether Australia is discharging its human rights obligations in its approach to combating domestic and foreign labour abuses. It is beyond this thesis to analyse Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws in every jurisdiction. Accordingly, this thesis will focus upon Australian domestic laws and laws in one of Australia’s major trading partners, the Peoples’ Republic of China (China).
It is hypothesised that Australia is currently breaching its human rights obligations through failing to adequately regulate employees’ safety at work in Australian-based supply chains. To prove this hypothesis, this thesis will adopt a three- phase approach to analysing Australia’s regulatory responses.
Phase 1 will identify the standard by which Australia’s regulatory approach to employees’ health and safety in supply chains can be judged. This phase will focus on analysing how workers’ rights to safety as a human right imposes a moral obligation on Australia to take reasonablely practicable steps regulate Australian-based supply chains. This will form a human rights standard against which Australia’s conduct can be judged.
Phase 2 focuses upon the current regulatory environment. If existing regulatory vehicles adequately protect the health and safety of employees, then Australia will have discharged its obligations through simply maintaining the status quo. Australia currently regulates OHS through a combination of ‘hard law’ and ‘soft law’ regulatory vehicles. The first part of phase 2 analyses the effectiveness of traditional OHS laws in Australia and in China. The final part of phase 2 then analyses the effectiveness of the major soft law vehicle ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’ (CSR).
The fact that employees are working in unsafe working conditions does not mean Australia is breaching its human rights obligations. Australia is only required to take reasonably practicable steps to ensure human rights are realized.
Phase 3 identifies four regulatory vehicles to determine whether they would assist Australia in discharging its human rights obligations. Phase 3 then analyses whether Australia could unilaterally introduce supply chain regulation to regulate domestic and extraterritorial supply chains. Phase 3 also analyses three public international law regulatory vehicles. This chapter considers the ability of the United Nations Global Compact, the ILO’s Better Factory Project and a bilateral agreement to improve the detection and enforcement of workers’ right to safety and health.
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Avramopoulou, Eirini. "The affective language of activism : an ethnography of human rights, gender politics and activist coalitions in Istanbul, Turkey". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610615.
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O'Brian, Katie. "Filipina Caregivers and Domestic Workers in Southern Taiwan: Communities and Human Rights". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28824.
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This thesis is an ethnographic explorative case study of Filipina caregivers and domestic workers in Taiwan, based on seven months of field research. It combines participant observation, interviews with Filipina household workers and migrant worker NGO representatives and church workers, and a review of written materials from these NGOs. Using Arjun Appadurai's (1996) theoretical framework on landscapes and the production of locality, it explores how Filipina household workers create locality in the production of transnational ethnoscapes, as well as how they demand the recognition of their rights within the transnational ideoscapes of human rights. I found that Filipinas create locality through the creation and use of Filipino spaces, including the Catholic Church, Filipino restaurants and shops, and public spaces likes parks. With respect to human rights, I found that Filipina household workers demand the recognition of their human rights through the assistance of the Church and migrant workers NGOs, but with limited success.
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Trinh, Khanh Ly Jones Eugene. "The role of trade union in Vietnam in protecting workers' rights /". Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd389/4737350.pdf.
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Cholewinski, Ryszard I. "The protection of migrant workers and their families in international human rights law". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6645.
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This thesis focuses on the protection in international human rights law of the economic, social, cultural, political and residence rights of migrant workers and their families, broadly defined as long- or short-term immigrants who are or have been employed in countries other than their own, included those who entered illegally. These are the rights of most concern to migrants in the country of employment. Economic and social rights comprise employment rights, trade union rights and rights to social security, health, housing, family reunification and education. Cultural rights of migrants embrace their right to retain and develop cultural identity, including the teaching to their children of the culture and language of the country of origin, and political rights encompass their right to political activity and to participate in the decision-making process concerning their interests, including the right to vote. Residence rights comprise their right to remain in the host country, while in work and immediately after the termination of employment, and their rights to permanent residence and naturalization and to protection against unfair expulsion. The thesis develops a theoretical framework that is justified in terms of both individualist and communitarian liberal principales. These principles provide for conceptions of citizenship which go beyond mere form and which justify the extension of membership of the state to alien migrant workers and their families. These normative models also support the provision of more extensive rights to both legal and illegal migrants. Limiting the rights of migrants already in the territory and controlling the entry of new immigrants is justified by the principle of sovereignty on the basis of socio-economic, cultural and physical state security. This principal, however, is being eroded by the development of international standards for the protection of vulnerable groups. A redefined conception of the liberal-democratic community, which recognizes the participation and contribution of migrant workers and their families, is more responsive to the interdependence of the international community of states and more closely conforms to its own individualist and communitarian precepts. This thesis concludes with the conviction that the adequate realization of the rights of alien migrant workers and their families can only serve to advance the rights of all human beings, including citizen-members of states. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Cholewinski, Ryszard. "Migrant workers in international human rights law : their protection in countries of employment /". Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1997. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/279985177.pdf.
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Pereira, Terto Neto Ulisses. "Protecting human rights defenders in Brazil : a legal and socio-political analysis of the Brazilian Programme for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=228614.
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I show in this thesis, first, that the creation of the Brazilian Program for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders (PPDDH) in 2004 was the result of pressure from national and transnational civil society on the Brazilian government to address the targeting of peasant leaders and other activists who, it was argued, should be understood as human rights defenders, and offered special protection as such. Second, I show on the basis of interviews conducted with protected human rights defenders, civil society and state officials, that the programme has provided protection and support to a small but significant number of activists in some areas of the country. Third, most interviewees also pointed to the PPDDH's potential to make broader contributions to the advance of human rights in Brazil, by bolstering human rights activism, empowering organised civil society, redressing the balance of power between dominant and dominated, and changing the workings of the Brazilian State. Finally, however, they indicated the serious shortcomings of the programme such as limited budget and lack of resources, PPDDH's dependence on other actors to provide the protection for human rights defenders, and lack of dedicated legislative framework. These shortcomings reflect a lack of political will to provide sufficient resources as well as a sufficiently robust legal framework for the programme. I end by arguing that organised civil society must build up the necessary political will to demand that the State resource the PPDDH fully and effectively in order for that programme to realise its potential.
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Lambertson, Ross. "Repression and resistance : Canadian human rights activists, 1930 - 1960 /". Toronto [u.a.] : Univ. of Toronto Press, 2005. http://www.h-net.org/review/hrev-a0e7v0-aa.
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Westerman, Marni. "Tempered radicals and porous boundaries: the challenges and complexities of anti-harassment work in Canadian universities". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/381.
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Based on research involving an overview of 44 policies at Canadian universities and 21 interviews with anti-harassment practitioners across the country, this thesis explores the challenges faced by anti-harassment practitioners working with legally defined institutional harassment discrimination policies. Anti-harassment work at Canadian universities is complex because practitioners must negotiate institutional demands set out in policy as well as politicized demands from members of marginalized groups both inside and outside the institution. Interviews with practitioners reveal that their daily work in reactive investigation and mediation of complaints as well as their proactive work in educating campus communities may support the less powerful parties to complaints, rather than focusing only on limiting the institution’s legal liability. Therefore, although anti-harassment practitioners occupy a boundary role as defined by Fraser (1989), their work is not entirely “depoliticizing”. Practitioners’ identities, sense of marginalization, and commitment to activist politics contribute to their position as tempered radicals as defined by Meyerson and Scully (1995), helping to explain their commitment to both institutional prerogatives and to empowering marginalized members of the institution.
The advent of neoliberalism has set the stage for the shift of discourses and practices away from those which value equity to those that underscore traditional divisions of power and challenge the demands of so-called “special interest groups’. This shift is underscored by concerns about “political correctness” that arise within institutional communities and the broader social context. Perhaps the most obvious of the changes relates to the shift from a focus on equity and human rights to what is termed the “respectful workplace model”. The inclusion of personal harassment issues in human rights policies shifts the focus of the policies to issues that are not tied to historical oppressions and can potentially deflect attention from the human rights component of these policies. The challenge is to move beyond a legalistic perspective regarding policy development and to consider changes in the broader social context that influence policy change and the work of anti-harassment practitioners.
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Omuoreh, U. "International law and the human rights of migrant workers in Africa with particular reference to Nigeria". Thesis, University of Essex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232993.
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Almutairi, Abdullah Moied S. "Protecting the rights of temporary foreign 'low-skilled' workers in the Saudi construction industry : a case for legal reform". Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14845.
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This thesis is a socio-legal study of the employment conditions of temporary foreign workers (TFWs) in the Saudi Arabian labour market in general and the construction sector in particular, with emphasis on low-skilled TFWs. This thesis adopts a socio-legal approach to the human rights situation of low-skilled TFWs working in the Saudi construction sector. By using migration theories, a human rights-based approach and Islamic perspectives on labour rights, the study questions the efficacy of Saudi domestic law in providing protection to low-skilled foreign workers in the construction sector. This is done by examining the current labour admission policies and the structure of the regulatory framework, including the ‘kafala’ system, recruitment procedures, employment law, working conditions, occupational safety and health hazards and access to the justice system. Grounded theory methodology is followed, with empirical data collection using semi-structured interviewing techniques in two major Saudi cities, Riyadh and Makkah. The data collected from the fieldwork provides the basis for understanding the current situation of low-skilled TFWs, by listening to their experiences. The thesis finds a link between the legal status of temporary foreign workers and the work visa system, which leads to a continuation of exploitation, mistreatment, discrimination, forced labour and the servitude of foreign labour in Saudi Arabia.
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Supawadee, Petrat Pimpawun Boonmongkon. "Human rights education as a tool for empowerment of female sex workers : a case study of one non-formal education program for female sex workers in Thailand /". Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd398/4537358.pdf.
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Kamanzi, Aziza. "Legal protection of humanitarian workers during a non-international armed conflict". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2491_1299492391.
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This research paper focuses on the legal protection of humanitarian workers. It refers to the experience of governmental organizations with a humanitarian vocation, and international humanitarian organizations, such as, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), active in more than 80 countries. The ICRC was created in order provide assistance and protection to wounded combatants,11 but its activity has gradually extended to include prisoners of war and civilians, territories. Also Medecin Sans Frontiere (MSF), functioning in more than 70 countries, was established to provide medical assistance to victims of conflicts or natural and other disasters.
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Hajek, Patricia K. "Migrant workers in South-East Asia economic and social inequality in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore /". Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002152.
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Abbott, Marianne. "Dangerous intervention an analysis of humanitarian fatalities in assistance contexts /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1134419987.
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Mdhluli, P. "A definition of an employee and the legal protection of sex workers in the workplace : a comparative study between South Africa and Germany". Thesis, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1104.
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Thesis (LLM. (Labour Law)) -- University of Limpopo, 2014The discussion looks at the history of commercial sex and how it has evolved in South Africa. The discussion evaluates the challenges that commercial sex workers face in South Africa and argues that the dignity of sex workers as citizens of South Africa are infringed and it would seem that less is being done to protect these workers due to nature of their work. It is argued that sex workers are still entitled to the rights enshrined in the Constitution despite the illegality of sex work. This discussion argues further that sex work continues to exist in South Africa despite its illegality and it would be prudent to address the challenges that encourage sex work because the criminalization of this type of work does not seem to minimize sex work. The discussion further looks at the case of Kylie v CCMA which has been subject to much debate recently. The discussion also makes a comparative study with Germany and determines the lessons which South Africa can learn from this country regarding decriminalization of sex work.
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Mdhluli, Podu. "A definition of an employee and the legal protection of sex workers in the workplace : a comparative study between South Africa and Germany". Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1202.
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Thesis (LLM. (Labour Law)) -- University of Limpopo, 2014The discussion looks at the history of commercial sex and how it has evolved in South Africa. The discussion evaluates the challenges that commercial sex workers face in South Africa and argues that the dignity of sex workers as citizens of South Africa are infringed and it would seem that less is being done to protect these workers due to nature of their work. It is argued that sex workers are still entitled to the rights enshrined in the Constitution despite the illegality of sex work. This discussion argues further that sex work continues to exist in South Africa despite its illegality and it would be prudent to address the challenges that encourage sex work because the criminalization of this type of work does not seem to minimize sex work. The discussion further looks at the case of Kylie v CCMA which has been subject to much debate recently. The discussion also makes a comparative study with Germany and determines the lessons which South Africa can learn from this country regarding decriminalization of sex work.
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Myint, San San. "Resource mobilisation and communication effectiveness of nongovernmental organisations in the human rights movement : a case study of Amnesty International". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1994. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36263/1/36263_Myint_1994.pdf.
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This study sought to examine the communication effectiveness and resource mobilisation
potential of Amnesty futemational in the human rights movement. The theoretical
ramework is based on McCarthy and Zald's resource mobilisation perspective and Rice and
Bair's perspective on the organisational communication effectiveness of office
automation. The study revealed that Amnesty futemational has worked to communicate
effectively in mobilising its limited resources for social change. The adoption of
the modem communication technologies and the analysis of their ability to enhance
the communication effectiveness further highlighted the fact that communication effectiveness is essential for effective mobilisation of resources.
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Hajek, Patricia. "MIGRANT WORKERS IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA:ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, AND SINGAPORE". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3574.
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This thesis explores migrant labor in South-East Asia by addressing the topic of migration, specifically its causes and consequences. Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore are countries that experienced rapid industrialization from the mid-1960s throughout the 1990s. Simultaneously, the migration of people within the region increased. A key focus is how regional development has contributed to migration flows and to the position of migrants in these countries. Using a migration systems framework from Castles' and Miller's The Age of Migration (2003) that draws on theoretical elements from economics, historical-structuralism and transnationalism, this thesis finds that several factors explain the causes of migration in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore and the lasting implications migration had in their respective societies. Both macro- and micro-structures influenced industrialization and a migratory labor market. The historical, political, and economic linkages shared among the countries, alongside regional integration and attractive government-led industrialization strategies contributed to large-scale flows of migrant workers within the region. These same factors made migration and settlement increasingly difficult. Consequently, human rights violations of migrants in these countries became more pronounced. Singapore's dominance of Indonesia and Malaysia in the semi-periphery of South-East Asia conditioned the environment that migrants faced in their host societies. Migrant workers from Indonesia and Malaysia enjoyed better treatment in Singapore, because of its targeted labor, immigration, and social policies. In all three countries, settlement patterns of migrant workers were virtually similar to government commitments to prevent assimilation.M.A.
Department of Political Science
Sciences
Political Science MA
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Halfkenny, Enroue. "Together or separate : implications for expressing progressive social justice work and spiritual practices : a project based upon an independent investigation /". View online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/5889.
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Rijken, Conny. "Trafficking in persons : prosecution from a European perspective /". The Hague : T.M.C. Asser Press, 2003. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam051/2004436856.html.
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Samoudi, (Dekaidek) Nora Tawfiq. "Social justice for sex trafficked females and sex workers in Jordan". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2018. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2117.
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This thesis explores social practices, policies and laws constituting criminal and social justice approaches to providing services and amenities for the sex trafficked females in Jordan. As the discussion of sex trafficked females overlaps with sex workers, this research explores the human rights of both groups who experience different forms of gender-based violence. To understand the protection, care and support that Jordan provides, I interviewed seven service providers offering protection for victims of sex trafficking. Also, I analysed the semiprohibitionist Jordanian Penal Code and the Human Trafficking Legislation that criminalise sex trafficking perpetrators and sex-related actions. This research relies on insights from intersectionality theory to enquire into how better to protect and support women who face intersecting social disadvantages and the threat of honour-based killing that impede them from accessing social and criminal justice. This thesis explores three themes, cultural context, feminism and human rights, and argues for social justice for sex trafficked victims and sex workers including those who neither want to exit sex work nor raise a complaint to the administrators of criminal justice. This thesis found that sex trafficked victims and sex workers were not offered appropriate assistance as the service providers were disempowered. It also found that failure to understand honour and morality reinforces the stereotyping of sex workers.
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Redwood, Loren Kate. "Immigrant labor exploitation and resistance in the post-Katrina deep south success through legal advocacy /". Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2009/L_Redwood_113009.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, December 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 11, 2009). "Department of American Studies." Includes bibliographical references (p. 142-157).
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Rask, Evelina. "Discourse Democracy and Labour Relations : A case study of social dialogue and the socio-economic situation of informal workers in Gujarat, India". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351666.
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This thesis firstly explores the process and effects of social dialogue in the context of informal home-based workers in Gujarat, India, and secondly the applicability of Dryzek’s theory of discourse democracy on this case study. In doing this, the study investigates the potential of social dialogue and discourse democracy to work as instruments for improving the social and economic situation of the workers. The case study consists of how the organisation and trade union Self Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) communicate with influential actors in order to improve the social and economic situation of the informal home-based workers. The material is gathered through interviews with four organisers at SEWA, and observations made when visiting three areas of home-based workers. The empirical results are presented in a chapter demonstrating the process of social dialogue and its effect on the workers situation in this particular context. The second part of the results is a discussion where the theoretical framework, consisting of Dryzek’s discourse democracy and the critique of Habermas’s deliberative democracy that structure his theory, and the empirical findings are scrutinised in relation to each other; by discussing traits of the theories in connection to the case study. The thesis concludes that there are similarities between social dialogue in this case and the theory of discourse democracy, but the theory cannot wholly be used to conceptualise social dialogue. It demonstrated the importance of the communicative decision-making to admit a wide variety of kinds of communication and to involve an active civil society with support in the constitutional framework for improving the social and economic situation of the workers. However, it also indicates that other practices than communicative ones are necessary in this struggle.
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Vingård, Frank Linda. "How healthcare workers experience violence against women and how it influences the care : A qualitative study". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Vårdvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20028.
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Violence against women (VAW) is a global problem existing in all cultures. This study is performed because there is a lack of knowledge about how healthcare personnel treat VAW to promote health and to alleviate suffering. The aim is to describe how healthcare workers experience violence against women and how it influences the care. Qualitative semi structured individual interviews were made with three nurses and one medical student in Egypt. The interviews were taped and transcribed before the text was analyzed by qualitative content analysis. The result showed that women were subordinated and discriminated in Egypt and in the healthcare. The care for the abused women was focused on first aid, and the respondents expressed that it was the woman’s own decision and responsibility to report or do any further actions. Often the violence was ignored or silenced. Violence and threats was accepted by the society and individuals as a mean for handling conflicts and was used in the healthcare settings as well. The respondents expressed a need for change and a wish for decreasing the violence, work for equality and stressed the importance of education in society. They also emphasised the need for women to gain more economic independence. Attitudes of healthcare workers need to be addressed and further investigation is necessary to prevent VAW.Program: Sjuksköterskeutbildning
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Silva, Tamires Barbosa Rossi. "Experiências multissituadas : entre cursinhos trans e ativismos: quais narrativas, que cidadania é essa? /". Marília, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152038.
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Orientadora: Larissa Maués Pelúcio SilvaBanca: Anna Paula Vencato
Banca: Luís Antônio Francisco
Resumo: Este trabalho traz em seu corpo, discussões teóricas e etnográficas sobre o universo daspolíticas educacionais, educação não formal e seus desdobramentos e implicações nocampo da militância e do ativismo político de pessoas trans. Situo o contexto das políticaspúblicas educacionais destinadas às pessoas trans e o movimento de travestis etransexuais, tal análise num plano institucional é confrontada com as experiências daetnografia multissituada, que são analisadas pela teoria queer e outros aportes pósestruturalistas. Abordo como o espaço de política e reinvindicação tem sido constituídoem Uberaba, quanto as pautas de gênero e sexualidade, embora nem sempre a resistênciapolítica seja reconhecida. Também registro a rotina de espaços educativos alternativos,os "Cursinhos trans", que através de suas ações constituem um espaço político para aspessoas trans, que garantem novas formas de existência e concebem outros modos deacesso a cidadania. Assim, ao abordar experiências políticas que se constroem para alémde um plano institucionalizado, seja através do "fazer política" ou dos cursinhos, operoalguns deslocamentos sobre o que é fazer política e de como se tecem as negociações eos enfrentamentos. Esse é um trabalho sobre resistência, sobre vidas abjetas, que têm sidoexcluídas e de como essas vidas têm resistido e inventado ao seu próprio modopossibilidades de respirar e de inspirar.
Abstract: This work brings in its body, theoretical and ethnographic discussions about the universe of educational policies, non-formal education and its consequences and implications in the field of militancy and political activism of transpeople. I situate the context of public educational policies for transpeople and the transvestite and transsexual movement, such analysis of an institutional level and confronted with as multi-situational experiences and interpretations, which are analyzed by queer theory and other poststructuralist contributions. I relate how the space of politics and claim have been constituted in Uberaba, as well as the gender and sexuality guidelines, although it is not a recognized political policy. On the other hand, "Trans Cursinhos", which through their actions constitute a political space for transpeople, which guarantee new forms of existence and conceptualize other modes of accessing to citizenship. Thus, when addressing political experiences which are built beyond an institutionalized plan, through "doing politics" or the courses, I operate a few shifts about what is doing politics and how they weave themselves into negotiations and confrontations. This is a work about endurance, about abject lives, which have been excluded and how these lives have been resisted and invented in their own way of breathing and inspiration possibilities.
Mestre
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Calnan, Scott Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "In the trenches: a comparative analysis of the nature and effectiveness of the mobilisation of law by domestic human rights NGOs in the United States, Britain and Germany". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Law, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23951.
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This thesis critically compares how domestic human rights NGOs (DNGOs) in the United States, Britain and Germany use (or mobilise) law to enforce human rights standards and proposes a method to measure their effectiveness in doing so. To do this it draws upon both case studies and literature from many disciplines. On the basis of the data and the literature it finds that, despite their great diversity, DNGOs in each jurisdiction show general similarities in their ???styles??? of operation and use of the law. It also finds that their effectiveness in enforcing human rights can be ascertained with reasonable accuracy and that a DNGO???s size and access to resources does not necessarily correlate with its effectiveness. The context in which the above questions were investigated was one in which there existed very little literature that examined the work of DNGOs (as opposed to international NGOs) as well as few theoretical approaches that would allow their activities to be critically examined and compared. It was also a context in which there was a great deal of discussion in the literature about the crucial importance of DNGOs in human rights enforcement and a growing suspicion that Globalisation might be making their role even more important than it was in the past. To address these issues the author used case studies to supply the necessary detail and a method using ???ideal types??? to assess the data. He also proposed a method to measure DNGO effectiveness so that the case studies could be more thoroughly compared and their true success in human rights enforcement revealed. Despite the incredible diversity among DNGOs the author was able to draw a few useful conclusions about how successful DNGOs operate. In response to these conclusions the author proposed that one possible route by which DNGOs could improve their effectiveness was to transplant their characteristics between jurisdictions. The author also found some evidence that Globalisation was having an effect on DNGOs and proposed some ways in which individual case studies could take advantage of this.
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Souza, Cristiane Prudenciano de. "Resistência trans: práticas sociais na construção da cidadania de travestis e transexuais na cidade do Recife". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20980.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The main focus of the research is the analysis of the relation between the sharing experiences of travestis and transsexuals and the construction of the citizenship and human rights. First, a brief genealogy of the word travesti is performed, seeking reminiscences in mythology. Subsequently, it is approached the body as a political territory and the contributions of feminist movements on gender subject in the present time, considering the constitution of the travesti as a political category. In a third moment, it is intended to make a historical cut, having as reference the 1990s up to the present day, regarding the social travesti and transsexual movement in the Brazilian context. The project seeks to understand the internal dynamics of the movement to the field, highlighting the main guidelines, advances and challenges, analyzing the cross-cutting contribution of NGOs / Aids, that work on travestis and transsexual rights in this social organization process. Finally, it was observed the unfolding of national patterns of social organization and their impact on local action. Thus, it will be will analyzed the work of the Recife NGO that contributed to the emergence of travestis and transsexual organizations in the state of Pernambuco. Methodologically, the work is characterized as being a qualitative research, made possible through in-depth interviews
A investigação tem como foco central a análise da relação entre as experiências e vivências de travestis e transexuais e a construção da cidadania e direitos humanos. Primeiramente, realiza-se uma breve genealogia da palavra travesti, buscando reminiscências na mitologia. Posteriormente, abordamos o corpo como um território político e as contribuições dos movimentos feministas sobre a temática de gênero na atualidade, considerando a constituição da travesti como categoria política. Em um terceiro momento, pretende-se fazer um recorte histórico, tendo como marco referencial os anos 1990 até os dias atuais, a respeito do movimento social travesti e transexual no contexto brasileiro. O projeto busca compreender a dinâmica interna do movimento até a atuação de campo, elencando as principais pautas, avanços e desafios, analisando a contribuição transversal das ONGs/Aids, que atuam com a temática dos direitos das travestis e transexuais nesse processo de organização social. Para finalizar, observamos os desdobramentos das pautas nacionais da organização social e seu impacto na atuação local. Para tal, analisaremos a atuação da ONG da cidade do Recife que contribuiu para o surgimento de organizações de travestis e transexuais no estado de Pernambuco. Metodologicamente, o trabalho é caracterizado como sendo uma pesquisa qualitativa, viabilizada através de entrevistas em profundidade
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Linder, Emma, i Lisa Vallin. ""Lösningen är en enkelbiljett till hemlandet" : en kvalitativ studie av socialsekreterares uppfattningar av ärenden som rör våldsutsatta papperslösa kvinnor". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54300.
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The aim of the study is to examine and analyze social workers’ perceptions of law practice of supportive regulations for abused, undocumented women who are in need of protection, in order to problematize the connection between norm and practice in social service case management. In a qualitative approach, the study is conducted through eight interviews, based on two vignettes, with representatives from the public sector in Gothenburg. The vignettes were based on two fictive narratives that both include women who are victims of abuse, but have different ethnicity and legal status. By using vignettes it was anticipated to find whether there are different perceptions among the social workers in terms of considering the residents’ ethnicity and legal status in relation to the possibilities of receiving support. According to Swedish law the social services have responsibility to assist all residents within the country. Since the undocumented migrants have difficulties claiming their rights in the public sector, many stay in destructive relationships. The focal point of this study is the uncertainties and inconsistencies among social service staff regarding offering support to these women, especially after acute situations. The UN’s Declaration of Human Rights expresses that all humans are equal, regardless of ethnicity, gender, etc. (see declaration). Thus, rejecting a woman her right to claim social service contradicts these regulations. The results of the study relates to T.H Marshall´s, Lister´s and Fernández´s discussion about citizenship, de los Reyes theory about postcolonialism, Mattson´s intersectionality, Hasenfeld´s Human Service Organizations, Libsky´s Street-level Bureaucrat and Johansson’s Freedom of Action. Further, different concepts on new institutional theory from Johansson and Svensson, Johnsson and Laanemets, are used to analyze our data. Our selected theories, concepts and reasoning can be used to understand our empirical data in different levels in society. The study shows that the juridical fate of undocumented women who have been subject to violence is not only determined by laws and regulations, but also on individual attitudes of social workers as well as cultural interests within an organization. These results indicate that the widely accepted notion of Sweden being an equal society, does not comply with practice. In conclusion, this study shows that social workers have an important role in the development of a women-friendly, gender inclusive theory and praxis of citizenship.
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Dias, Vivian Christina Silveira Fernandez. "Alguns impactos da soberania e da globalização sobre os migrantes e suas condições de trabalho". Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2010. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/997.
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Previous issue date: 2010-03-29Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
In recent years, migration has become more than just a far possibility towards the survival challenges faced by countless workers spread around the world, mostly living in developing countries, which can be considered a reflex of globalization. Nowadays, migration is seen as a real opportunity for these people to live better. In this context, the exploitation of this labour force, that it is not properly regulated, promotes the growth of inequality. Due to the adopted economic policies, the necessity of achieving the established goals demands a superhuman effort from workers, the aim is to produce more at a minimum cost. International Organizations have been into a mobilization to enable countries to combat this problem through the adoption of Conventions ant other international documents relates to the subject. However, the absence of obligation in obeying the decisions of this supranational institutions, has been being a break into fulfill the human rights. In the name of sovereignty, States has been evading of the compliance on determinations, and ratification of international instruments. The example used in this dissertation was Bolivians workers landing in Sao Paulo. The choice was not by accident, once this people gather all the evidences of a system that causes segregation and, rarely, fulfill the promise of a decent job.
A migração, nos últimos anos, tem se tornado mais do que apenas uma remota possibilidade face aos desafios de sobrevivência enfrentados pelos inúmeros trabalhadores espalhados pelo mundo, majoritariamente vivendo em países subdesenvolvidos, o que pode ser considerado um reflexo da globalização.Atualmente, a migração se traduz na real oportunidade de melhores condições de vida para essas pessoas. Nesse contexto, a exploração de uma mão-de-obra não regulamentada de forma adequada favorece o aumento das desigualdades. Por conta de políticas econômicas adotadas, o que se tem atualmente é a necessidade de atingir metas que exigem um esforço quase sobre-humano dos trabalhadores, a fim de produzir cada vez mais ao menor custo. As Organizações Internacionais têm se mobilizado a fim de que os países possam combater esse mal por meio da adoção de Convenções e outros documentos internacionais relacionados com o tema. No entanto, a falta de obrigatoriedade no acolhimento das decisões dessas instituições supranacionais, tem se traduzido em um freio à plena concretização dos Direitos Humanos. Em nome da soberania, Estados se esquivam do cumprimento de determinações, bem como da ratificação de normativas internacionais. Assim, o exemplo tomado neste trabalho foram os bolivianos que desembarcam em São Paulo. Não por mero acaso, mas por agruparem todas as evidências de um sistema que causa segregação e, poucas vezes, cumpre a promessa de um trabalho decente.
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Буртник, Т. С. "Міжнародно-правові гарантії прав трудових мігрантів з України". Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/71044.
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Кваліфікаційна робота є науково-теоретичним дослідженням міжнародно-правових гарантій захисту прав трудових мігрантів з України, зокрема гарантій, розроблених в системі Організації Об’єднаних Націй, Міжнародної організації міграції, а також європейськими регіональними організаціями.
Окрему увагу автор приділяє недолікам державної міграційної політики України, яка потребує модернізації щодо правового забезпечення і соціального захисту громадян, які здійснюють трудову діяльність за кордоном. Обґрунтовується необхідність ратифікації Конвенції про працівників-мігрантів (переглянуту 1949 р.), Конвенції Міжнародної організації праці про працю в морському судноплавстві 2006 р. а також укладення двосторонніх міждержавних та міжурядових угод між Україною та державами, які є найбільш бажаними країнами для роботи за кордоном для українців.Квалификационная работа является научно-теоретическим исследованием международно-правовых гарантий защиты прав трудовых мигрантов из Украины, в частности гарантий, разработанных в системе Организации Объединенных Наций, Международной организации миграции, а также европейскими региональными организациями. Отдельное внимание автор посвящает недостатками государственной миграционной политики Украины, требующей модернизации в части правового обеспечения и социальной защиты граждан, осуществляющих трудовую деятельность за границей. Обосновывается необходимость ратификации Украиной Конвенции о работниках-мигрантах (пересмотренную 1949 г.), Конвенции Международной организации труда о труде в морском судоходстве 2006 г., а также заключения двухсторонних межгосударственных и межправительственных соглашений между Украиной и государствами, являющимися наиболее желаемыми для работы за границей для украинцев.
This paper is a theoretical study on international legal guarantees of the migrant workers’ rights, in particular guarantees developed within the United Nations system, International Migration Organization and European regional organizations. Special attention author pays to the problems of Ukrainian state migration policy and claim that its legal enforcement mechanisms and social protection of Ukrainian citizens who work abroad should be significantly upgraded. The authors argue that Ukraine should ratify Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949, Maritime Labor Convention, 2006 and conclude international state-to-state and government-to-government bilateral treaties with the states which are the most popular destination of Ukrainian labor migration.
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Shyllon, Ololade Olakitan. "The right to the return of African cultural heritage : a human rights perspective". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/5846.
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This research focuses on how many African cultural objects found their way to Western museums or private collections. Therefore the author examines to what extent African states have succeeded in their quest for the return of their cultural
objects and what the inadequacies in the current international legal regime for the return of cultural objects are. Can the return of African cultural objects properly be identified as a human right issue and will such identification present better chances for their return?
Also look at how existing international human rights mechanisms are applied in the quest for the return of African cultural objects. Focuses on the specific African countries of Nigeria and Ethiopia in respect of their efforts towards the return of their tangible and moveable cultural heritage.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2007.
A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Prof. Andreas Eshete of the Faculty of Law, University of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Zou, Mimi. "The legal construction of migrant work relations : precarious status, hyper-dependence and hyper-precarity". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4169b543-2a30-434c-a512-ada39d509a10.
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This thesis is concerned with the ways in which the laws and policies governing labour migration shape the relationship between migrant workers, employers, and labour markets in advanced industrialised countries. Specifically, it elucidates the intersections of immigration and labour market regulatory norms, structures, and processes that have salient implications for migrants’ work relations. The notions of ‘hyper-dependence’ and ‘hyper-precarity’ are developed as the main analytical and normative lenses in this thesis for examining the particular vulnerabilities associated with migrants’ precarious statuses under contemporary labour migration regimes. Hyper-dependence refers to an acute dependence that transcends the immediate context of an employment relationship, where other aspects of a worker’s life critically depend on that employer. For migrant workers, hyper-dependence may arise where their legal statuses is tethered to a specific employer sponsorship, accompanied by other de jure and de facto restrictions on their labour mobility. Hyper-precarity seeks to capture the multifaceted insecurities and uncertainties in migrants’ work relations and their broader migration projects, which are linked to their exclusion, in law and in practice, from a wide array of social, economic, and civil rights in the host state. Engaging with the various and often competing goals and concerns of immigration law and labour law, the two concepts of hyper-dependence and hyper-precarity are developed and applied through an in-depth comparative analysis of the legal and regulatory architectures of two contemporary temporary migrant workers’ programmes (TMWPs): Australia’s Temporary Work (Skilled) Subclass 457 Visa (‘457 visa’) scheme and the United Kingdom’s Tier 2 (General) visa scheme. In recent years, TMWPs in advanced industrialised countries have been touted by global and national policymakers as a desirable labour migration instrument that delivers ‘triple wins’ for host states, home states, and migrants and their families. I situate the normative concerns of the legally constructed hyper-dependence and hyper-precarity in the ethical debates on TMWPs in liberal states. I also consider how the worst extremes of the two ‘hyper’ conditions combined in highly exploitative work relations could be ameliorated, and in doing so propose some ideas for reforming key features of current TMWPs to enable migrants to exit any employment relationship and to resort to a range of voice mechanisms in the workplace.
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Assis, Ana Maria do Rosario. "A aposentadoria por idade como instrumento de proteção social após o advento da constituição de 1988: uma questão de direitos humanos". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9119.
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Previous issue date: 2010-08-09The universal declaration of human rights is constituted as a starting point for the overall process of human rights and for the historical awareness that humanity has in relation to fundamental values built in the 20th century. The retirement age programme is a kind of benefit discussed in this dissertation because it is a tool for the protection of elderly people and in connection with the principle of dignity of human rights. Following this point of view, various aspects for the protection of elderly people will be analysed considering that due the legislation they are not capable to work. In order to demonstrate the importance of this kind of benefit, it is made a historical approach regarding elderly people's protection from old age onwards. In Brazil, the first instrument to protect elderly people was called act of sexagenarians and taking into account its importance for the older generations of slaves, it will be presented and discussed in this work, highlighting some socio political aspects which motivated the publication of the law 3270 in september 28, 1885. The church was a vehicle of expansion os social security around the world, reason why the historical aspects will be discussed briefly because they are important in order to understand the institution of the benefit and its evolution until social security was created, having unversality as vector for social protection. The higher point of this dissertation will the the retirement age programme and the law relation for social welfare protection making relevant the presentation of all those requirements needed for the worker's retirement, the way the benefit is calculated, improved, and going further into compulsory retirement. As a conclusion for this work, it will elaborate a panoramic analysis of international systems for human rights and the way those treats were absorbed in Brazil
A Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos constitui-se num ponto de partida para o processo global dos direitos humanos e à consciência histórica que a Humanidade tem dos próprios valores fundamentais construídos no Século XX. A aposentadoria por idade é a espécie de benefício discutida nesta dissertação, por ser um instrumento de proteção ao idoso e sintoniza-se com o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana. É com este olhar que serão analisados diversos aspectos da proteção ao idoso que, por ficção legislativa, está incapacitado para o trabalho. Para melhor demonstração da importância desta espécie de benefício, fazse uma incursão histórica sobre a proteção à velhice desde a Antigüidade até os dias atuais. No Brasil, o primeiro instrumento de proteção ao idoso foi a Lei dos Sexagenários, e tendo em linha de conta a sua importância, a velhice dos escravos será apresentada neste trabalho acadêmico e discutida, panoramicamente, alguns aspectos sócio-políticos que ensejaram a publicação da Lei nº. 3.270, de 28 de setembro de 1885. A Igreja foi um veículo de expansão do seguro social no mundo, motivo pelo qual este momento histórico será debatido em breves linhas, por serem necessárias para a compreensão do instituto do seguro e sua evolução até o surgimento da seguridade social, tendo a universalidade como vetor da proteção social. A culminância desta dissertação será o tema da aposentadoria por idade e a relação jurídica de proteção previdenciária, oportunizando a apresentação de todos os requisitos necessários para a jubilação do trabalhador, a forma de cálculo do benefício, seu reajustamento, debruçando-se também sobre a aposentadoria presente estudo, será elaborada uma análise panorâmica do sistema internacional dos compulsória. Concluindo o direitos humanos e a internalização dos tratados dos direitos humanos no Brasil
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Russo, Alessandra de Moraes Vieira. "Os direitos humanos e a escravidão por dívida do trabalhador rural brasileiro". Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2005. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2386.
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O presente trabalho versa sobre a persistência de formas contemporâneas de escravidão, praticada contra trabalhadores rurais do Brasil, mais precisamente do Norte do país. Neste sentido, abordaremos o fato de que a escravidão no Brasil teria sido apenas formalmente abolida, pois ela ainda ela ainda é presença constante neste país. Com isto, será trazido ao debate uma forma específica de escravidão muito utilizada em nosso país, qual seja, a escravidão por dívida do trabalhador rural, mostrando suas peculiaridades, quem são os envolvidos, e quais são os fatores que contribuem para que a escravidão seja uma chaga aberta em nosso país. Também será abordado, o fato de que erradicar o trabalho escravo, é uma necessidade de todas as nações, tendo em vista que escravidão é uma das mais graves violações aos direitos humanos, eis que não retira do ser humano apenas a sua liberdade, mas também a sua dignidade. Desta forma, erradicar o trabalho escravo tornou-se prioridade nacional, pois só podemos falar em Estado Dem
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Vuorijärvi, April. "The Dark Side of Economic Sanctions: Unveiling the Plight of Women from Myanmar/Burma - A Minor Field Study in Myanmar and Thailand". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23157.
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An investigative research unraveling the implication of economic sanctions on Burmese women. This research was inspired by allegations in 2003 that thousands of women in Burma/Myanmar lost their jobs in the garment industry, thus exposing women to vulnerable aspects of forced migration and trafficking. A short case study of Iraq, Haiti, and Cuba is additionally provided while the history of economic sanctions and boycotts is heavily scrutinized. Perspectives of humanitarian law, human rights law, and feminist theory frame the basis of the research of which provide another critical dimension into the ongoing debate on economic sanctions.
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Johnson, Roxanna H. "Experiences of dementia care workers in nursing homes : an exploratory study comparing Canada, Scotland, and the United States". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21884.
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This comparative research explores the work experiences of dementia care workers in nursing homes. The aim of this study is to understand concepts central to care and to gain insights from the care workers‟ perspectives. A comparative framework and symbolic interactionist approach is used to analyse data collected using ethnographic methods from 59 dementia care workers in Canada, Scotland, and the United States. The fieldwork settings are institutionalised; dominated by for-profit ownership; and provide care for a resident population with high cognitive and physical needs. The comparative findings underscore the importance of work conditions that provide care workers with sufficient resources to do their job and enough time to complete their work. The absence of these critical components creates stressful work conditions for the care workers. The lack of time, staff and supplies such as towels, wash cloths, and continence products do not allow the residents‟ choices in their care and disregard their dignity and rights. The inability to deliver care for the residents according to the guaranteed government care standards often result in the violation of human rights for the care workers and residents. The care workers are unable to supply the quality of care they know the residents need and are capable of providing given better circumstances. There are frequently not enough care workers, resources, or time to meet the level of care that relevant standards mandate or the care workers know is possible. The analysis reveals that care workers struggle to provide more than basic physical care and are seldom able to meet essential social care needs for the residents. Unwritten rules are implemented in each setting that include separating people with dementia, placing these residents out of view of the public, not allowing the residents access to go outside, and not providing them with engaging and meaningful interactions. While policies are frequently developed with good intentions, many are counter-productive without dementia knowledge. This comparative research reveals care practices and routines share strong similarities across the fieldwork sites while the care worker characteristics as a workforce vary the most between countries. Some differences involve the training required, average age, pay and mode of dress or appearances. Too often researchers frame stress issues for care workers as problems with attitudes, motivation, training and incentives. Yet, the broader social structures and conditions that set the context in which these problems have their origins are commonly ignored. Good working conditions for care workers are precursors to good care for the residents. This thesis concludes with recommendations for practice, research and policy development.
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Galip, Bugem. "The European human rights law with emphasis on the Cyprus question : land claims and human rights, arguments before the European Court of Human Rights". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51577/.
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This thesis presents a critical analysis of the property rights in terms of Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 (P1-1) of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) to the property conflict in Cyprus. The theme that runs through the paper is whether property disputes in Cyprus have had an impact on the established case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Also addressed is the extent to which Cypriot property claims caused the Court to depart from its traditional approach concerning property rights under the ECHR and whether these cases before the Court have introduced a new aspect to the understanding and interpretation of the protection of property rights in the Convention system, specifically the application of the P1-1 to the Convention. The Court's approach, in its various precedents, in examining property rights within the remit of P1-1 will be compared with the property claims from Cyprus in order to determine the unique and significant character of the Cypriot property cases and to analyse their relationship with the right to property under P1-1 to the ECHR.
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O'Connell, Ciara. "Women's reproductive rights : repairing gender-based harm in the Inter-American System of Human Rights". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/68303/.
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Castro, José Roberto Wanderley de. "A crise da pós-modernidade e o militante católico de direitos humanos no período de 1980 a 2000, no cenário recifense". Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2007. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=180.
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O presente estudo tem como objetivo perceber o impacto da crise da pós-modernidade entre os militantes católicos em defesa dos Direitos Humanos do Recife, no período histórico de 1980 a 2000. Como perceber a militância, após a saída e Dom Helder? Fazendo o uso das teorias de Gramsci para construir o universo de pesquisa, e assim perceber o alcance da crise da pós-modernidade entre os católicos engajados. Tal universo foi composto por professores Curso de Teologia da Universidade Católica, que participaram de pastorais e movimentos no período histórico da presente pesquisa. Utilizando entrevistas pessoais, foi possível concluir que, assim como todos os que compõem a sociedade e seus estamentos, os militantes sofreram os efeitos da pós-modernidade, o que refletiu em sua atuaçãoThe present study it has as objective to perceive the impact of the crisis of the after-modernity on the catholic militants in defense of the Human Rights in Recife, in the historical period of 1980 the 2000. How to perceive the militancy after the exit and Dom Helder? Making the use of the theories of Gramsci to construct the research universe, and thus to perceive the reach of the crisis of after-modernity in the militant ones. The universe of the research was composed for professors of course of Theology of the Catholic University who had militated in the historical period of the present research. Using personal interviews, it was possible to conclude that, as well as all the ones that compose the society and its estamentos, the militant ones had suffered the effect from after-modernity, what it reflected in its performance
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Stein, Dan J., Stacey L. Williams, Pamela B. Jackson, Soraya Seedat, Landon Myer, Allen Herman i David R. Williams. "Perpetration of Gross Human Rights Violations in South Africa: Association With Psychiatric Disorders". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8024.
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Background. A nationally representative study of psychiatric disorders in South Africa provided an opportunity to study the association between perpetration of human rights violations (HRVs) during apartheid and psychiatric disorder. Prior work has suggested an association between perpetration and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but this remains controversial. Methods. Subjects reported on their perpetration of human rights violations, purposeful injury, accidental injury and domestic violence. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th edition) disorders were assessed with Version 3.0 of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Socio-demographic characteristics of these groups were calculated. Odds ratios for the association between the major categories of psychiatric disorders and perpetration were assessed. Results. HRV perpetrators were more likely to be male, black and more educated, while perpetrators of domestic violence (DV) were more likely to be female, older, married, less educated and with lower income. HRV perpetration was associated with lifetime and 12-month anxiety and substance use disorders, particularly PTSD. Purposeful and DV perpetration were associated with lifetime and 12-month history of all categories of disorders, whereas accidental perpetration was associated most strongly with mood disorders. Conclusion. Socio-demographic profiles of perpetrators of HRV and DV in South Africa differ. While the causal relationship between perpetration and psychiatric disorders deserves further study, it is possible that some HRV and DV perpetrators were themselves once victims. The association between accidental perpetration and mood disorder also deserves further attention.
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Bonabom, Isidore. "The development of a truth regime on 'the human' : human rights in the Gold Coast (1945-57)". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/38621/.
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The thesis proposes to approach the idea of human rights as a specific truth regime on ‘the human' that contests those regimes of falsity which deny the essence of humanness on grounds such as race, sex, colour, gender, national or social origin. This theoretical proposition is supported by a case study of the deployment of the idea of human rights in the Gold Coast from 1945 up to Ghana's independence from colonial rule in 1957. As such, the study analyses how the concept of human rights, affirmed in the 1945 United Nations Charter and the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and articulated in the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights, influenced domestic politics in one British colony in Africa. At the same time, the study highlights the way in which post-World War II nationalism produced some of the most important political changes affecting this region in this era. Relying on a first-hand investigation of archival and primary sources, the thesis scrutinizes the formulation of demands for the collective right to self-determination which emanated from nationalist movements, the evolving drafts for a bill of rights in Ghana's Independence Constitution and the debates on whether or not to extend the European Convention on Human Rights to the Gold Coast. The particular and disprivileged position of women in the colony is a subject of critical commentary throughout the thesis. By examining critically the emergence of the human rights idea, the study draws attention to the complex interplay of factors as well as actors that inspired a new-fangled notion of universal rights, while highlighting the way politics, including Cold War politics, contributed to define the subject of human rights in an ambiguous, incomplete but promising way.
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Wood, David, Rita Nathaward i Jeffrey L. Goldhagen. "Child Rights and Social Justice Framework for Analyzing Public Policy Related to HPV Vaccine". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5136.
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Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract and a well-established cause of cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers in both women and men worldwide. Despite data that supports HPV vaccine as an effective measure to prevent such cancers, vaccine uptake has not been optimal in many countries. In the United States (US) for example, rates have stagnated over the past few years and only one-third of adolescents are fully immunized, in contrast to other adolescent vaccines such as Tdap and meningococcal that have double the rates of uptake. Current approaches to HPV vaccine education and delivery have not been successful at improving immunization rates. In this article we propose the implementation of a child rights, social justice, and health equity-based approach to HPV vaccine policy. This approach would promote youth’s participation in medical decision-making and advance policies that allow for independent consent to HPV vaccination. We postulate that by empowering youth to be involved in issues pertaining to their health and well-being, they will be more likely to explore and discuss information about HPV with others, and be able to make informed decisions related to HPV vaccine.
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Melde, Susanne. "Ahead of the game? : the human rights origins and potential of Argentina's 2004 migration policy". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/72928/.
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McQuaid, Katie. "'Another war' : stories of violence, humanitarianism and human rights amongst Congolese refugees in Uganda". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/54026/.
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Mitchell, John "David" F. "NGO insecurity in high-risk conflict zones: the politicization of aid and its impact on “humanitarian space”". Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34145.
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Doctor of PhilosophySecurity Studies Interdepartmental Program
Emizet F. Kisangani
Attacks against nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in high-risk conflict zones have increased exponentially over the last two decades. However, the few existing empirical studies on NGO insecurity have tended to focus on external factors influencing attacks, with little attention paid to the actions of aid workers themselves. To fill this gap, this dissertation theorizes that aid workers may have contributed to their own insecurity by engaging in greater political action. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to assess the impact of political activity by NGOs on the insecurity of aid workers. The quantitative analyses test the theory at two levels. The first is a large-N country-level analysis of 117 nations from 1999 to 2015 using panel corrected standard errors. The second is a subnational-level statistical analysis of four case studies: Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, and Colombia from 2000 to 2014. Both the country- and provincial- level analyses show that the magnitude of aid tends to be a significant determinant of aid worker security. The qualitative methods of “structured-focused comparison” and “process tracing” are used to analyze the four cases. Results show that aid workers are most likely to be victims of politically-motivated attacks while in-transit. Consistent with the quantitative findings, it is speculated that if workers are engaged in a large-scale project over an extended period of time, attackers will be able to monitor their daily activities and routines closely, making it easier to orchestrate a successful ambush. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that political statements made by NGOs—regardless of their sectors of activity—have increased insecurity for the broader aid community. These results dispel the myth that humanitarian activity has historically been independent, impartial, and neutral. Several NGOs have relied on this false assumption for security, believing that adherence to core principles has contributed to “humanitarian space.” The results also dispel the popular NGO assumption that targeted attacks are not official tactics of organized militants, but rather the result of criminality or mistaken identity. In fact, the overwhelming majority of aid workers attacked in high-risk conflict zones have been targeted by political actors.
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Restoy, Enrique. "Global norms-domestic practice : the role of community-based organisations in the diffusion of HIV and human rights norms". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/59591/.
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International norms are central to international relations because they constitute key instruments to influence state behaviour (Finnemore and Sikkink, 1998; Risse and Sikkink, 1999; Acharya, 2004). The process by which international norms, principles and procedures diffuse into national systems is called norm diffusion (Krook and True, 2010; Towns, 2012; Brown, 2014). This thesis contributes to our understanding of the complexities of norm diffusion processes by undertaking the first in-depth analysis of the role that community-based organizations (CBOs) play in such processes. Focusing on the area of global health norms regarding HIV/AIDS, and based on extensive field research undertaken in Honduras, Ukraine, Uganda, and El Salvador, the thesis presents evidence of the CBOs analysed playing various essential roles in the diffusion of international norms domestically. First, they may act as implementers of such norms ensuring their appropriation among the populations they represent and generating local practice, on occasion even bypassing their own governments when these have rejected such norms. Second, CBOs may also be able to influence their governments and other relevant state actors at the later stages of norm diffusion, when states are deemed to implement international norms through their integration into national practice, even to the point of making states change their stated positions on certain international norms. Thirdly, through the simultaneous interaction with and entanglement in multiple norm diffusion processes, CBOs may also be able to alter such processes by tactically interlinking them and affecting their respective outcomes.