Rozprawy doktorskie: „Human Performance Assessment”

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Wong, Chan Pik-Yuen. "Human factors in performance assessment : the assessment of practicum performance in social work". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369110.

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Lyons, Melinda. "Evaluation of a task performance resource constraint model to assess the impact of offshore emergency management on risk reduction". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2000. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4056.

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In this age of safety awareness, technological emergencies still happen, occasionally with catastrophic results. Often human intervention is the only way of averting disaster. Ensuring that the chosen emergency managers are competent requires a combination of training and assessment. However, assessment currently relies on expert judgement of behaviour as opposed to its impact on outcome, therefore it would be difficult to incorporate such data into formal Quantitative Risk Assessments (QRA). Although there is, as yet, no suitable alternative to expert judgement, there is a need for methods of quantifying the impact of emergency management on risk reduction in accident and incidents. The Task Performance Resource Constraint (TPRC) model is capable of representing the critical factors. It calculates probability of task success with respect to time based on uncertainties associated with the task and resource variables. The results can then be used to assess the management performance based on the physical outcome in the emergency, thereby providing a measure of the impact of emergency management on risk with a high degree of objectivity. Data obtained from training exercises for offshore and onshore emergency management were measured and successfully used with the TPRC model. The resulting probability of success functions also demonstrated a high level of external validity when used with improvements in emergency management or design changes or real data from the Piper Alpha disaster. It also appeared to have more external validity than other HRQ/QRA techniques as it uses physical data that are a greater influence on outcome than psychological changes - though this could be because the current HRA/QRA techniques view human unreliability as probability of error rather than probability of failure. The simulation data were also used to build up distributions of timings for simple emergency management tasks. Using additional theoretical data, this demonstrated the model's potential for assessing the probability of successf or novel situations and future designs.

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Baptista, Roberto de Souza. "Automatic human movement assessment with switching linear dynamic system : motion segmentation and motor performance". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2016. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/22994.

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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2016.
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Desenvolvimentos recentes na tecnologia de sensores portáteis estão trazendo dispositivos de medição de movimento humano para atividades cotidianas. Esses sensores fornecem aos usuários finais e profissionais de biomecânica uma quantidade de dados sem precedentes. Além disso, eles proporcionam o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias em próteses inteligentes e sistemas de interação homem-máquina. No entanto, há uma falta de técnicas para extrair automaticamente as medições indiretas - tais como duração do movimento, amplitude ou coordenação motora - a partir desses dados. Medidas indiretas são necessárias para o reconhecimento, avaliação e análise do movimento humano, e são geralmente extraídas manualmente por meio de inspeção visual por um profissional de biomecânica. Esta tese propõe um novo método para a avaliação automática de movimentos humanos que executa segmentação e extração de parâmetros de desempenho motor (isto é, medições indiretas) em séries temporais de medições de uma seqüência de movimentos humanos. Utilizamos os elementos de um modelo de Sistema Dinâmico Linear Chaveado como blocos de construção para traduzir definições e procedimentos formais da análise tradicional do movimento humano. Nossa abordagem fornece um método para os usuários sem experiência em processamento de sinal para criar modelos para movimentos usando conjunto de dados rotulado e mais tarde empregá-lo para a avaliação automática. Validamos nossa estrutura de testes preliminares envolvendo seis sujeitos adultos saudáveis que executaram movimentos comuns em testes funcionais e sessões de exercícios de reabilitação, como sentar-e-levantar e elevação lateral dos braços, e cinco sujeitos idosos, dois com mobilidade limitada, que executaram o movimento de levantar-se da posição sentada. O método proposto foi aplicado em sequências de movimento aleatório para o duplo propósito de segmentação de movimento (precisão de 72-100%) e avaliação de desempenho motor (erro médio de 0-12%).
Recent developments in portable sensor technology are bringing human movement measurement devices to everyday activities. These sensors provide end users and biomechanists with unprecedented amount of data. Besides, they allow novel technologies in intelligent prosthesis and human-machine interaction systems to emerge. However, there is a lack of techniques to automatically extract indirect measurements - such as movement duration, amplitude or motor coordination - from these data. Indirect measures are necessary for recognition, assessment and analysis of human movement, and are usually extracted manually through visual inspection by a biomechanist. This thesis proposes a novel framework for automatic human movement assessment that executes segmentation and motor performance parameter extraction (i.e. indirect measurements) in time-series of measurements from a sequence of human movements. We use the elements of a Switching Linear Dynamic System model as building blocks to translate formal definitions and procedures from traditional human movement analysis. Our approach provides a method for users with no expertise in signal processing to create models for movements using labeled dataset and later employ it for automatic assessment. We validated our framework on preliminary tests involving six healthy adult subjects that executed common movements in functional tests and rehabilitation exercise sessions, such as sit-to-stand and lateral elevation of the arms, and five elderly subjects, two of which with limited mobility, that executed the sit- to-stand movement. The proposed method worked on random motion sequences for the dual purpose of movement segmentation (accuracy of 72-100%) and motor performance assessment (mean error of 0- 12%).

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Weigel, Laura R. "The Civilian Mariners of Military Sealift Command : preliminary assessment of organizational culture and values". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1997. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA333416.

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Rangra, Subeer. "Performance shaping factor based human reliability assessment using valuation-based systems : application to railway operations". Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2375/document.

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L'homme reste l'un des éléments essentiels des opérations de transport modernes. Les méthodes d'analyse de la fiabilité humaine (HRA) fournissent une approche multidisciplinaire pour évaluer l'interaction entre les humains et le système. Cette thèse propose une nouvelle méthodologie HRA appelée PRELUDE (Performance shaping factor based human REliability assessment using vaLUation-baseD systems). Les facteurs de performance sont utilisés pour caractériser un contexte opérationnel dangereux. Le cadre de la théorie des fonctions de croyance et des systèmes d'évaluation (VBS) utilise des règles mathématiques pour formaliser l'utilisation de données d'experts et la construction d'un modèle de fiabilité humaine, il est capable de représenter toutes sortes d'incertitudes. Pour prédire la probabilité d'erreur humaine dans un contexte donné, et de fournir une remontée formelle pour réduire cette probabilité. La deuxième partie de ce travail démontre la faisabilité de PRELUDE avec des données empiriques. Un protocole pour obtenir des données à partir de simulateurs, et une méthode de transformation et d'analyse des données sont présentés. Une campagne expérimentale sur simulateur est menée pour illustrer la proposition. Ainsi, PRELUDE est en mesure d'intégrer des données provenant de sources (empiriques et expertes) et de types (objectifs et subjectifs) différents. Cette thèse aborde donc le problème de l'analyse des erreurs humaines, en tenant compte de l'évolution du domaine des méthodes HRA. Elle garde la facilité d'utilisation de l'industrie ferroviaire, fournissant des résultats qui peuvent facilement être intégrés avec les analyses de risques traditionnelles. Dans un monde de plus en plus complexe et exigeant, PRELUDE fournira aux opérateurs ferroviaires et aux autorités réglementaires une méthode permettant de s'assurer que le risque lié à l'interaction humaine est compris et géré de manière appropriée dans son contexte
Humans are and remain one of the critical constituents of modern transport operations. Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) methods provide a multi-disciplinary approach: systems engineering and cognitive science methods to evaluate the interaction between humans and the system. This thesis proposes a novel HRA methodology acronymed PRELUDE (Performance shaping factor based human REliability assessment using vaLUation-baseD systEms). Performance shaping factors (PSFs) are used to characterize a dangerous operational context. The proposed framework of Valuation-based System (VBS) and belief functions theory (BFT) uses mathematical rules to formalize the use of expert data and construction of a human reliability model capable of representing all kinds of uncertainty. PRELUDE is able to predict the human error probability given a context, and also provide a formal feedback to reduce the said probability. The second part of this work demonstrates the feasibility of PRELUDE with empirical data from simulators. A protocol to obtain data, a transformation and data analysis method is presented. An experimental simulator campaign is carried out to illustrate the proposition. Thus, PRELUDE is able to integrate data from multiple sources (empirical and expert) and types (objective and subjective). This thesis, hence address the problem of human error analysis, taking into account the evolution of the HRA domain over the years by proposing a novel HRA methodology. It also keeps the rail industry’s usability in mind, providing a quantitative results which can easily be integrated with traditional risk analyses. In an increasingly complex and demanding world, PRELUDE will provide rail operators and regulatory authorities a method to ensure human interaction-related risk is understood and managed appropriately in its context

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O'Neill, Henrique. "Decision support in the extended enterprise : a human centred model for organisational improvement and performance assessment". Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282437.

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Al-Raisi, A. A. N. "E-performance assessment system in governmental organizations in the United Arab Emirates". Thesis, Coventry University, 2011. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/037d44df-9c0f-478b-aa99-ced82ec23a0d/1.

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This research examines the introduction of e-performance assessment systems in governmental organizations in the United Arab Emirates. The research also examines the influence of cultural forces in accepting the implementation of technology systems that deal with assessment and evaluation of government employees to facilitate the transitional process from manual to e-performance assessment. The methodology used in this research can be described as follows: first a descriptive method to explain the main management theories underlying employee e-performance, followed by an illustration of the concept of electronic tools, based on what has been written in the relevant literature, then conducting a pilot study. A pilot study was made to reduce uncertainty in survey questions, increase clarity, enhance questionnaire validity, and expand on factors that might affect data analysis, improve research design, and confirm the feasibility of this research study. The conceptual model of this study is determined on the based of literature analysis, the pilot study, and the empirical collection of data. A model for a performance appraisal assessment system is proposed, which shows a statistical significance between performance management, e-performance management, performance assessment, e-performance assessment, and performance standards with both perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. This study finds that there are numerous factors shapes ethics and norms at the workplace. This study suggests that the United Arab Emirates enjoys highly structured governmental organizations. This primarily results from the naturally inherited characteristics of being a high-context society. The major findings of this research aim to contribute to available literature, as there is currently a distinct shortage of relevant academic work targeting the issue of governmental e-performance systems. Similarly no papers concerning e-performance in a UAE context actually existed prior to this investigation. Therefore, much of the available literature was found to be only semi-relevant.

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Skinner, Stacy. "Building Educator Capacity in Support of Student Achievement on Florida's United States History End-of-Course Assessment". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6357.

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Florida's United States History End-of-Course (EOC) Assessment performance outcomes are scheduled to impact student course grades, educator evaluation scores, and school grades. A professional learning plan to improve teaching and learning in support of student achievement on the Assessment does not exist. Neither Florida Statute nor the Florida Department of Education (FDOE) facilitate or fund professional learning in support of these influences. This dissertation in practice proposes the use of the U.S. History EOC Assessment Professional Learning Series to build educator capacity in support of student achievement on the Assessment. Implementation of professional learning could address the disparity between the legislated Assessment and its potential impacts. Tyler's (1949) curriculum development rationale and Shulman's (1986) notion of pedagogical content knowledge provided a conceptual framework for the proposed professional learning. Professional learning experiences were designed to include (1) an assessment simulation, (2) a correlation of simulated assessment items to item specifications, (3) a test item writing practicum, and (4) model lessons. The series was designed to support pedagogical content knowledge growth in planning, teaching, and assessing United States History; and improve instructional and professional efficacy. The ultimate purpose of the series is to improve teaching and learning to support student achievement on U.S. History EOC Assessment.
Ed.D.
Doctorate
Education and Human Performance
Education

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Mukhametzianova, Leisan. "Vliv lidského činitele na bezpečnost průmyslových pecí". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399208.

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The presented doctoral thesis is focused on assessment of human factor impact on safety of industrial furnaces. Industrial furnaces are classified as machinery and belong to a group of industrial thermal equipment. The operation of industrial furnaces is burdened with the risks which the manufacturers and the furnace operators realize. The first part of the thesis presents an analysis of the current situation of legislation and scientific knowledges in the field of assessment of human factor impact on safety of industrial furnaces. In this part of the thesis the issue of human factor in other industrial branches: chemical industry, aviation and nuclear industry is also described. On the basis of conducted research the main aim of the thesis was established: preparation of a methodology for assessment of human factor impact on safety of industrial furnaces. Secondary targets were also listed. The second part deals with the assessment of risks connected with the operation of industrial furnaces and the assessment of human factor impact on safety of industrial furnaces. The furnace safety requirements, the process of furnaces risk assessment, the methods used for risk assessment and problems connected with the risk assessment are described. This part of the thesis explains the concept of human factor, presents a classification and description of the methods used for human reliability assessment, as well as the factors influencing the reliability of the operator. The third part of the thesis contains a proposed methodology for assessment of human factor impact on safety of industrial furnaces. Within the methodology performance shaping factors are stated, qualitative and quantitative assessment of human factor impact on safety of industrial furnaces is made and the system integration of the knowledges into the developed methodology is proposed – qualitative model for improvement of system state. The methodology is further verified on a real equipment – a hardening furnace.

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Shirley, Rachel B. "Science Based Human Reliability Analysis: Using Digital Nuclear Power Plant Simulators for Human Reliability Research". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu149428353178302.

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Hussain, Amjad. "Workforce challenges : 'inclusive design' for organizational sustainability". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12578.

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Today's challenge for workforce management lies in providing a healthy, safe and productive working culture where people are valued, empowered and respected. Workforce diversity is becoming an essential aspect of the global workforce, and ageing is the most prominent and significant factor in this regard. Diversity brings many opportunities and challenges, as workers with different backgrounds, cultures, working attitudes, behaviours and age work together, and in future, the key to organizational effectiveness and sustainability will heavily depend on developing and sustaining inclusive work environments where people with their differences can co-exist safely and productively. Manufacturing organizations expect the highest levels of productivity and quality, but unfortunately the manufacturing system design process does not take into account human variability issues caused by age, skill, experience, attitude towards work etc. This thesis focuses on proposing an inclusive design methodology to address the design needs of a broader range of the population. However, the promotion and implementation of an inclusive design method is challenging due to the lack of relevant data and lack of relevant tools and methods to help designers. This research aims to support the inclusive design process by providing relevant data and developing new design methodologies. The inclusive design methodology suggested in this thesis is a three step approach for achieving a safe and sustainable work environment for workers, with special concern for older workers. The methodology is based on the provision of relevant human capabilities data, the capture and analysis of difference in human behaviour and the use of this knowledge in a digital human modelling tool. The research is focused on manual assembly through a case study in the furniture manufacturing industry and joint mobility data from a wide-ranging population has been analysed and the task performing strategies and behaviours of workers with different levels of skills have been recorded and analysed. It has been shown that joint mobility significantly decreases with age and disability and that skilful workers are likely to adopt safer and more productive working strategies. A digital human modelling based inclusive design strategy was found to be useful in addressing the design needs of older workers performing manufacturing assembly activities. This strategy validates the concept of using human capabilities data for assessing the level of acceptability of any adopted strategy for older workers, and suggests that the strategies adopted by skilful workers are more likely to be equally acceptable for older and younger workers keeping in view differences in their joint mobility. The overall purpose of this thesis is to present a road map towards the promotion and implementation of the inclusive design method for addressing workforce challenges and in future the same strategies might be implemented within a variety of other industrial applications. The proposed three step inclusive design methodology and getting a reasonable understanding of human variability issues along with the use of human capabilities data (joint mobility in this case) in a human modelling system for design assessment at a pre-design stage can be considered as the major contributions of this research.

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Rose, William. "The application of human factors through the assessment and improvement of behavioural safety to improve safety performance in small to medium sized enterprises". Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2012. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/5022.

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User-friendly systems of human factors (HF) analysis are not presently available to the managers of small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs). It is therefore difficult for such professionals to assess the safety culture within their own workplaces without the assistance of externally sourced experts. Large companies have implemented methods of HF analysis with a significant degree of success using HF experts. The aim of this research project was to confirm that SMEs could also benefit from these methods using in-house personnel with a specially-created HF assessment tool. Human error is often cited as the cause of accidents and incidents. A system of HF analysis was created as part of this research project to allow the technique to be implemented by non-experts within SMEs to identify human-related risks and thereby to assist in improving safety culture and safety performance by implementing measures to minimise those risks through HF methods. This research project found that potential collaboration partners that were initially keen to take part soon withdrew from the research project after realising what was involved in terms of required resources. For those companies that participated, the workforce was surveyed to determine the workplace safety culture. Some positive results were obtained but the overriding findings of this research project were that, of the majority of SMEs that were keen to collaborate, they did not actually want to change their safety culture; rather, they were content to continue to implement safety by enforcement of rules & regulations (antecedents) with little scope for implementation of behaviour-based safety systems of control. Although most companies approached knew of the potential benefits it was clear that they had no desire to allocate the resources necessary to achieve those benefits.

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Hogue, S. Elizabeth. "The Effect of an Overall Rating Item on Halo Error in Performance Evaluations". TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/160.

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This study focuses on how the presence or absence of an overall rating item on a performance evaluation form affects levels of halo error and satisfaction with the form. Participants included undergraduate college students who were randomly assigned to groups receiving a form with or without an overall rating item at the beginning of the form. A satisfaction item was included on both forms. The analyses included a z-test for correlations from independent samples to determine the difference between the two evaluation forms and a t-test to determine the difference between the satisfaction scores of the two forms. The analyses indicated that the differences between the groups were not significant for levels of halo error or satisfaction.

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Mazer, Cherie. "An Evaluation of the Iowa State University Ecosystem". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6319.

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Purpose – This dissertation in practice is an evaluation study conducted at Iowa State University, entitled, Learning Ecosystem Assessment Review of Needs (LEARN). The evaluation posed these questions: (a) What educational technologies are currently used and what technologies will be needed in the future? (b) What are the attitudes and practices of faculty and students toward online and blended learning? (c) What academic technology support services are used? What are the perceptions of the support provided for the application of academic technologies? Methodology/design – The study was a mixed-methods design employing interviews with deans and focus groups and surveys of faculty and students. Findings – Iowa State University faculty and students use a wide array of academic technologies both in physical and virtual classrooms. The prevailing sentiment regarding the need for future academic technologies is not for new offerings and new features but for easier to use, more reliable technologies, and more timely support. Although Iowa State University has formally adopted online learning by offering numerous programs and courses, the university is in the early stages of adopting blended learning. Implications – The results and implications of the study inform the university on next steps to ready the institution for leveraging technology and preparing for the transformation toward strategic adoption of online and blended learning. The author outlines an organizational learning approach to manage change and promote adoption of blended learning.
Ed.D.
Doctorate
Education and Human Performance
Education

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Paternoster, Florian Kurt [Verfasser], Ansgar [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwirtz, Markus [Gutachter] Tilp, Daniel [Gutachter] Hahn i Ansgar [Gutachter] Schwirtz. "Biomechanical assessment of stretch-induced performance enhancement in submaximal voluntary human leg muscle contraction / Florian Kurt Paternoster ; Gutachter: Markus Tilp, Daniel Hahn, Ansgar Schwirtz ; Betreuer: Ansgar Schwirtz". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1156713536/34.

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Barros, Inês Pombo Esteves. "A gestão de recursos humanos em PME : relatório de Estágio". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10781.

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Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos Humanos
O presente relatório apresenta o conjunto de atividades desenvolvidas no Estágio Curricular realizado no âmbito do Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos Humanos numa empresa de Consultoria e Recursos Humanos, a Fórmula do Talento. Este trabalho corresponde por isso ao produto final do estágio inserido no corpo de conhecimentos e competências adquiridas no Mestrado. Partindo das atividades desenvolvidas ao longo do estágio identificámos três grandes tópicos da gestão de recursos humanos: a Gestão de Recursos Humanos em Pequenas e Médias Empresas; o Outsourcing de Recursos Humanos e o Processo de Avaliação de Desempenho. A parte teórica deste relatório foca por conseguinte estas três áreas. Quanto à parte empírica do documento, esta debruça-se mais especificamente sobre a questão da avaliação de desempenho e relata o acompanhamento a um pedido de reformulação do modelo de avaliação de desempenho aplicado numa pequena empresa portuguesa. No último capítulo do relatório, apresentamos uma reflexão das atividades desenvolvidas à luz da revisão de literatura no intuito de ligação entre a teoria e a prática ou como refere Dewey (1916) de ligar a reflexão à ação.
This report presents the activities developed in the Academic Internship undertaken during my Master?s in Human Resources Management in a consultancy and human resources company, Fórmula do Talento. This paper consists thus in the final result of the internship, linked with the knowledge and competencies acquired during the Master. Starting from the activities developed throughout the internship, three major topics of human resources management have been identified: the Management of Human Resources in Small and Medium Enterprises; the Outsourcing of Human Resources; and the Process of Performance Assessment. The theoretical part of this report is thus focused in these three areas. In what concerns the empirical part of the document, the focus is more specifically on the performance assessment and it describes the follow-up of a request for reformulation of the performance assessment model applied to a small Portuguese enterprise. In the last chapter of this report, an analysis of the developed activities is carried forward, in light of the literature review, and aiming to link the theory and the empirical or, as Dewey (1996) refers, of linking reflection to action.

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Pintado, Sandra Maria Miguel. "A avaliação de desempenho, através do SIADAP, num organismo público - diagnóstico e proposta de melhoria". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5104.

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Tese de Mestrado em Administração Pública
O nosso trabalho de projecto pretendeu identificar os factores potenciadores de uma maior eficácia na implementação do sistema de avaliação de desempenho na Administração Pública Portuguesa – SIADAP, a partir de um estudo de caso. O objectivo central é apresentar uma proposta conducente à melhoria na implementação do sistema de avaliação de desempenho na organização foco da nossa análise. O diagnóstico baseou-se nas percepções de avaliadores e avaliados, a partir de um conjunto de entrevistas semi-estruturadas aplicadas a amostra intencional, na Administração Regional de Saúde do Alentejo, I. P. A triangulação da informação foi feita com recurso a dados da instituição. A análise e discussão dos dados permitiram identificar Comunicação, Transparência, Cumprimento da Lei e Formação como potenciadores do aumento da eficácia do sistema enquanto ferramenta de gestão do desempenho, ou seja, factores a explorar, porquanto estavam fragilizados ou não eram cumpridos.
Our research aims to identify the factors that favour greater effectiveness in the implementation of the Portuguese Public Administration performance evaluation system, based on a case study. The central goal is to present a proposal leading to an implementation improvement in the organisation under analysis. Building on the perceptions of assessors and assessed a diagnosis was made. The data collection consisted on a set of semi-structured interviews applied to an intentional sample. The analysis and discussion of the data have pinpointed Communication, Transparency, Law Enforcement and Training as enablers of increased implementation effectiveness.

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Baker, Timothy Bond. "Towards a new employment relationship model : merging changing needs and interests of organisation and individual". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16064/1/Timothy_Baker_Thesis.pdf.

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This research investigates the new psychological contract phenomenon in an organisational case study. The research question underpinning this study is - What are the core attributes of the new employment relationship? To investigate this research question, the researcher applied Noer's (1997) new employment relationship model to a disproportionate stratified sample of 19 participants from three organisational perspectives in an Australian-based international travel retail organisation, Flight Centre Limited, which specialises in the sale of discount international airfares. Data from a survey instrument were analysed using a "Multi-source Assessment" instrument. The data analysis method was used to create a schema to guide and inform a series of focus groups. The research findings validated Noer's five attributes of Flexible Employment, Customer-focus, Focus on Performance, Project-based Work and Human Spirit & Work. In addition, three other attributes of the new employment relationship emerged from the data, namely, Loyalty & Commitment, Learning & Development and Open Information. The research findings validate eight core attributes of the new employment relationship and therefore make a contribution to the expanding body of research in this field. The research approach also provides organisational practitioners with a unique consulting methodology to merge the changing needs and interests of individual and organisation.

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Baker, Timothy Bond. "Towards a New Employment Relationship Model: Merging Changing Needs and Interests of Organisation and Individual". Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16064/.

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This research investigates the new psychological contract phenomenon in an organisational case study. The research question underpinning this study is - What are the core attributes of the new employment relationship? To investigate this research question, the researcher applied Noer's (1997) new employment relationship model to a disproportionate stratified sample of 19 participants from three organisational perspectives in an Australian-based international travel retail organisation, Flight Centre Limited, which specialises in the sale of discount international airfares. Data from a survey instrument were analysed using a "Multi-source Assessment" instrument. The data analysis method was used to create a schema to guide and inform a series of focus groups. The research findings validated Noer's five attributes of Flexible Employment, Customer-focus, Focus on Performance, Project-based Work and Human Spirit & Work. In addition, three other attributes of the new employment relationship emerged from the data, namely, Loyalty & Commitment, Learning & Development and Open Information. The research findings validate eight core attributes of the new employment relationship and therefore make a contribution to the expanding body of research in this field. The research approach also provides organisational practitioners with a unique consulting methodology to merge the changing needs and interests of individual and organisation.

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Habibi, Ehsanollah. "A safety analysis of industrial accidents : accident records of major coal producing countries are analysed to obtain fatal and non-fatal accident rates : significant factors influencing these rates are identified with efficacy of preventive measures". Thesis, University of Bradford, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4229.

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A comprehensive study of accident records which have occured in Coal Mining Industries of Europe and U. S. A are analysed. The intention of the research was to establish relationships between the various accidents and prevention methods adopted by each country are evaluated and to assess the impact of industrial legislation in these various countries on accident rate are examined. The study analyses in paricular the fatal accident rate, and major and minor rate. The Major health hazards associated with coal mining are described in detail and discusses together with the Measurement of safety performance and its application in the Safety field. The study also examines the role of human factors in accidents also includes a summaries of fatal and major injury rates for 46 countries. Arising from the research a number of recommendations for improving safety are requires further research are indentified.

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Ponce, Maria Amélia Zanon. "Diagnóstico da tuberculose: desempenho do primeiro serviço de saúde procurado em São José do Rio Preto, SP". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-15082012-131031/.

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O estudo teve como objetivo analisar o desempenho do primeiro serviço de saúde procurado para o diagnóstico da tuberculose (TB), em São José do Rio Preto (2009), na percepção do doente. Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico descritivo, tipo inquérito, que adotou como eixo metodológico os componentes de avaliação de serviços de saúde estrutura e processo. Participaram do estudo 99 doentes de TB, maiores de 18 anos e em tratamento, entrevistados por meio de um instrumento elaborado com base no Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT), adaptado para avaliar a atenção aos doentes de TB, e que contemplou questões das dimensões de porta de entrada e acesso ao diagnóstico. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de distribuição de frequência absoluta/relativa e da construção de indicadores, utilizando proporções e intervalos de confiança, de acordo com o tipo de serviço de saúde procurado pela primeira vez, quando da percepção dos sinais/sintomas, sendo esses agrupados em: Atenção Básica (AB), Pronto Atendimento (PA) e Serviços Especializados (SE). O perfil epidemiológico dos doentes entrevistados evidencia o predomínio dos casos novos de TB pulmonar entre indivíduos do sexo masculino, em idade produtiva e reprodutiva, com baixa renda e escolaridade. A principal porta de entrada no município foi o PA. Em relação ao componente estrutura, encontrou-se que o PA e, principalmente, a AB se constituíram como os serviços mais próximos ao domicílio dos doentes, entretanto, a AB não foi a mais acessível, uma vez que a maioria daqueles que a procuraram não conseguiu consulta no prazo de 24 horas. Quanto ao componente processo, houve baixa suspeição de TB nos três tipos de serviços analisados. A maior proporção de exames solicitados para o diagnóstico ocorreu no SE, seguido pelas unidades de AB. Houve baixa proporção de encaminhamento para a realização de baciloscopia de escarro, nos três tipos de serviços. O PA e a AB encaminharam a maioria dos doentes para realização de raio-x e para consulta médica em outro serviço, principalmente os casos extrapulmonares. Doentes com TB, que buscaram primeiramente a AB, necessitaram procurar mais vezes os serviços de saúde e mais de 50% desses tiveram atraso no diagnóstico. O PA foi o serviço que menos diagnosticou os usuários suspeitos, sendo o SE (especialmente os hospitais) os que apresentaram melhor desempenho, principalmente para o diagnóstico dos casos extrapulmonares. Para o controle efetivo da doença, os serviços de saúde, que se configuram como porta de entrada do sistema, devem estar preparados para a suspeição e diagnóstico e que sejam criadas estratégias de fluxo de referência e contrarreferência entre o primeiro serviço de saúde procurado e os outros serviços que compõem a rede de atenção, de modo que seja assegurada a continuidade da assistência.
The study aimed to analyze the performance of the first health care sought for the diagnosis of TB, in Sao Jose do Rio Preto (2009), according to the patients perception. A descriptive inquiry epidemiological study was conducted, which adopted as methodological framework the components of health services assessment: structure and process. The study included 99 TB patients, aged 18 years and in treatment, interviewed using a questionnaire based on the Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT), adapted to assess TB care and that included dimensions of first contact care and access to diagnosis. Data analysis was performed using absolute and relative frequency and indicators development, by ratios and confidence intervals, according to the type of health service sought by the first time when the perception of signs / symptoms, grouped as follows: Primary Health Care (PHC), Emergency Services (ES) and Specialized Services (SS). The epidemiological profile of patients interviewed shows the prevalence of new cases of TB among males, in productive and reproductive age with low income and low education. The main first contact care in the city was the ES. Regarding the structure component, we found that the ES and, especially, the PHC are identified as services closest to the patients home, however, PHC was not accessible, since most of those failed to get a medical appointment within 24 hours. Regarding the process component, there was a low suspicion of TB in the three types of services examined. The greatest proportion of diagnosis exams requirement occurred in SS, followed by PHC. There was a low proportion of referrals to performing sputum smear test, in the three types of services. ES and PHC refer the majority of patients to perform x-ray and medical examinations to another service, especially extrapulmonary cases. TB patients, who sought first the PHC, needed to look for more health services and over 50% of these had a delay in diagnosis. The ES was the one who less diagnosed TB suspect case, and the SS (especially hospitals) showed the best performance, particularly for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary cases. For effective control of this disease, first contact care should be prepared for suspicion and diagnosis, and strategies of reference between the first health care sought and other services need to be developed, building a network of care so that it ensured the continuity of it.

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Palathinkal, Joel. "The effectiveness of virtual humans vs. pre-recorded humans in a standardized patient performance assessment". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4817.

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A Standardized Patient (SP) is a trained actor who portrays a particular illness to provide training to medical students and professionals. SPs primarily use written scripts and additional paper-based training for preparation of practical and board exams. Many institutions use various methods for training such as hiring preceptors for reenactment of scenarios, viewing archived videos, and computer based training. Currently, the training that is available can be enhanced to improve the level of quality of standardized patients. The following research is examining current processes in standardized patient training and investigating new methods for clinical skills education in SPs. The modality that is selected for training can possibly affect the performance of the actual SP case. This paper explains the results of a study that investigates if there is a difference in the results of an SP performance assessment. This difference can be seen when comparing a virtual human modality to that of a pre-recorded human modality for standardized patient training. The sample population navigates through an interactive computer based training module which provides informational content on what the roles of an SP are, training objectives, a practice session, and an interactive performance assessment with a simulated Virtual Human medical student. Half of the subjects interact with an animated virtual human medical student while the other half interacts with a pre-recorded human. The interactions from this assessment are audio-recorded, transcribed, and then graded to see how the two modalities compare. If the performance when using virtual humans for standardized patients is equal to or superior to pre-recorded humans, this can be utilized as a part task trainer that brings standardized patients to a higher level of effectiveness and standardization.; In addition, if executed properly, this tool could potentially be used as a part task trainer which could provide savings in training time, resources, budget, and staff to military and civilian healthcare facilities.
ID: 030646195; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-134).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Psychology
Sciences
Modeling and Simulation

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Miller, Linda. "Mobility as an Element of Learning Styles: The Effect its Inclusion or Exculsion has on Student Performance in the Standardized Testing Environment". UNF Digital Commons, 1985. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/693.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mobility and the standardized testing environment. The project focused on nine students who had a pronounced need for movement while learning and/or being tested. The study was conducted to determine whether the achievement scores of these nine students would be influenced by the denial or availability of movement while they were administered a standardized reading test. Twenty-one second grade students were the subjects. Two forms of Level B of the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test were used. All subjects were tested in a traditional environment with no movement allowed. The same subjects were then tested at a later time in a mobile environment with movement and change of location permitted. The Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Rank Test was used as the statistical base. Results showed a .05 significance. Of the nine mobile students, six scored equally as well or better when placed in a mobile testing environment.

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Rocha, Rafaela Vilela da. "Metodologia iterativa e modelos integradores para desenvolvimento de jogos sérios de treinamento e avaliação de desempenho humano". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7594.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Training aims to improve the professional competences (knowledge, skills and attitudes) and it is essential particularly in risk activities to the life, property and environment. Due to the risk and cost of traditional practical training, serious games, which reproduce systems, processes and real-world objects in a safe virtual environment has been used as an effective tool for learning and training or motivation to learning, and support for assessment during and post-action. On the other hand, the development of serious games is a complex process, has development high cost (time, money, resources), need highly qualified professionals, who hold requirements of learning, assessment, simulation and game itself. Different methodologies have emerged for developing serious games, however, in general, they do not include the different dimensions and need to be combined and balanced with other methodologies to achieve the training and assessment objectives. This thesis presents a novel iterative methodology (named DevJSTA) for the development of serious games for training and human performance assessment (named JSTA), which integrates multidisciplinary teams by providing guidelines, artifacts, game elements and simulation models (formalisms of discrete events, automata and Fuzzy logic) to integrate and include concepts such as effective and experiential learning in serious games, besides providing feedback during the simulation and at the end. This methodology DevJSTA describes the professional roles, the development life cycle, the generated products and the technologies and tools that can be used to create these products, as well as a support architecture and generic components. The main differential of this methodology is its holistic approach that integrates pedagogical principles of learning and assessment in the development of simulation. The methodology was evaluated through interviews with software engineering experts, serious games developers and domain experts. The results were positive and confirmed the need of these new methodology that is integrative. To validate the methodology, one JSTA was created to train firefighters to control the cooking gas leak, and to evaluate the trainee’s perception and performance. Serious game fidelity and effectiveness were also validated. Moreover, the serious game development, with the use of the methodology DevJSTA, allowed to evaluate an opportunity for improvement in the current protocol that is used in the Fire Department.
Um treinamento visa aprimorar as competências dos profissionais no âmbito do conhecimento, habilidades e reforço de boas atitudes e é essencial particularmente em atividades que envolvem risco à vida, ao patrimônio e ao meio ambiente. Devido ao risco e custo de treinamentos práticos tradicionais, jogos sérios de treinamento que reproduzem sistemas, processos e objetos do mundo real em um ambiente virtual seguro vêm sendo usados como instrumento efetivo de aprendizagem e treinamento ou motivação ao aprendizado, além de apoio para avaliações durante e pós-ação. Por outro lado, o desenvolvimento de jogos sérios é um processo complexo, com alto custo de desenvolvimento (recursos humanos, materiais, financeiros, espaço e tempo), que requer profissionais qualificados, que detêm conhecimentos de aprendizagem, avaliação, simulação e de jogos em si. Diferentes metodologias emergiram para o desenvolvimento de jogos sérios que, de maneira geral, não contemplam as suas diferentes dimensões, necessitando serem combinadas e equilibradas com outras metodologias para atingirem os objetivos de treinamento e avaliação. Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia iterativa e integradora (DevJSTA) para o desenvolvimento de Jogos Sérios para Treinamento e Avaliação do desempenho humano (JSTA), que integra equipes multidisciplinares, provendo desde orientações e artefatos até elementos de jogos e modelos de simulação (com modelos formais de eventos discretos, autômatos e lógica Fuzzy), para integrar e inserir conceitos de aprendizagem efetiva e experiencial aos jogos sérios, além de avaliação do desempenho humano durante e pós-ação. Na metodologia DevJSTA são descritos os papeis dos profissionais envolvidos, cada processo do ciclo de vida de desenvolvimento, os produtos gerados e as tecnologias e ferramentas que podem ser usadas para criar estes produtos, além de uma arquitetura de suporte e componentes genéricos. O principal diferencial desta metodologia é sua abordagem holística que integra princípios pedagógicos de aprendizagem e avaliação no desenvolvimento da simulação. A metodologia foi submetida à avaliação, por meio de entrevistas com especialistas das áreas de engenharia de software, desenvolvimento de jogos e domínio de aplicação. Os resultados positivos corroboram com a necessidade desta nova metodologia que é integradora. Para validar a metodologia, foi criado um JSTA para treinar bombeiros no controle de vazamento de gás de cozinha, e avaliar a percepção e o desempenho de cada aprendiz. O JSTA foi também validado quanto a sua fidelidade e efetividade. Além dos resultados positivos, a criação do JSTA, com a aplicação da metodologia DevJSTA, permitiu avaliar uma oportunidade de melhoria no protocolo atual que é utilizado no Corpo de Bombeiros do Estado de São Paulo.

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Meylan, Cesar. "Kinematic and kinetic characteristics of unilateral jump assessments: Reliability, asymmetry and relationship to jump performance". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1847.

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The purpose of this thesis was to provide an in depth analysis of the kinematics and kinetics associated with unilateral vertical (VCMJ), horizontal (HCMJ) and lateral (LCMJ) countermovement jump performance. This thesis consists of i) two reviews of literature discussing the isoinertial assessment of eccentric force capability and acyclic jump assessment with the intention of providing recommendations for future research design and measurement of lower limb muscular capability; ii) a technical note determining the appropriate start threshold (2.5, 5 and 10% of bodyweight- BW) for the force-time curve analysis of the three different unilateral jumps; iii) a research note investigating the variability and influence of eccentric kinematics thought important determinants of VCMJ, HCMJ and LCMJ performance; and iv) an experimental study establishing the reliability of a variety of kinetic and temporal variables for the VCMJ, HCMJ and LCMJ, comparing the kinetic differences across the three jumps, examining the leg asymmetry between the dominant and non dominant legs in the variables of interest, and determining the best predictors of each jump performance. In terms of the experimental papers, the aim of the technical note was to determine the appropriate start threshold for analysis of a force-time curve. Ten state league soccer players (age 21.0 ± 3.1 years, height 178.6 ± 6.5 cm, mass 75.4 ± 5.0 kg) performed three trials of a bilateral countermovement jump. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in all variables except eccentric and concentric peak force and force at zero velocity between 2.5% and 10% and 5% and 10% thresholds. Similar results were found for the 2.5% and 5% threshold variables except that no significant difference was found in the concentric ground contact time. The different thresholds did not appear to have any influence on the variability of the measurement and only concentric time to peak force was found to have high variability (coefficient of variation - CV= 51.7-55.5%). It was concluded that any of the start thresholds (2.5, 5.0 and 10% BW) could be used to determine the starting point of a CMJ considering their reliability; however, the 2.5% BW threshold was preferable as most of the force-time signal could be considered for analysis and differences in eccentric and concentric kinematic and kinetic variables where found when a higher threshold was used. For the research note, thirty team sport athletes (age 21.9 ± 3.8 years, height 1.77 ± 0.06 m, body mass 75.5 ± 9.0 kg) performed three trials of a unilateral VCMJ, HCMJ and LCMJ on both legs. It was observed that the variability (CV) of the eccentric variables (i.e. peak velocity, peak displacement, ground contact time) was the lowest for the VCMJ (CV = 8.5-10.6%), and the highest for the HCMJ (CV = 11.7-13.5%). The eccentric ground contact time was significantly (p < 0.05) longer (-0.18 s) for the HCMJ and LCMJ compared to the VCMJ. The amplitude of the eccentric displacement was significantly (p < 0.05) greater (3-5 cm) in the LCMJ compared to the other two jumps and eccentric displacement of the HCMJ was also significantly (p < 0.05) greater (2 cm) compared to the VCMJ. The peak eccentric velocity was significantly faster (0.06 to 0.15 m.s-1 ) for the VCMJ compared to the other jumps and the LCMJ eccentric peak velocity was also significantly (p < 0.05) faster (0.09 m.s-1 ) than that of the HCMJ. It seems that in the absence of instruction and standardization of the countermovement, eccentric phase kinematics remains relatively stable over trials and between legs. In terms of the between jump analysis, it seems that the eccentric phase kinematics are relatively unique to each jump type. The experimental study used the same thirty subjects as the research note. They performed, on two separate occasions, three trials of unilateral VCMJ, HCMJ and LCMJ on each leg. It was found that from the eighteen variables studied, eccentric and concentric peak force and concentric peak power were the only variables with acceptable reliability as determined by previously published criteria (CV= 3.3-15.1 %; ICC= 0.70-0.96). Comparisons of eccentric and concentric peak vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) and concentric peak power among the three jumps revealed that these three variables were significantly (p < 0.01) greater in the VCMJ compared to the HCMJ and LCMJ (eccentric peak force: 14-16%; concentric peak power: 45-51 %), but no significant differences were found between the HCMJ and LCMJ. No significant leg asymmetries were found between the dominant and non dominant leg in any kinetic variables but significant differences (p < 0.01) were found in the actual jump height or distance. The asymmetry index between limbs ranged from -2.1 % to 9.3% for all variables. Concentric peak vertical power output was found to be the best single predictor of VCMJ perfo1mance Gump height) accounting for 79% of the shared variance between the two variables. The addition of concentric peak VGRF and eccentric peak VGRF to the statistical model improved the common variance associated with vertical jump to 95.9%. The best predictor model for HCMJ performance (distance jumped) included only one variable, horizontal concentric peak power which accounted for a shared variance of 42.6% with horizontal jump distance. Eccentric peak VGRF was the only variable entered into the predictor model of LCMJ performance (i.e. distance jumped) and accounted for only 14.9% of that performance. It was concluded that eccentric and concentric peak force and concentric peak power can be used confidently as measures of functional strength and power. The differences found in VGRF and vertical power between the VCMJ and HCMJ or LCMJ, confirmed that the vertical force and power requirements between multidirectional unilateral jump movements are different. Differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg are likely to be found in a healthy athletic population the magnitude of this asymmetry differing depending on the direction of force application. However, it is advised that these differences should fall within a 10 to 15% range in order to reduce potential injury risk and optimize performance. Finally, developing and monitoring changes in horizontal and vertical concentric leg power seem appropriate for improving HCMJ and VCMJ performance respectively. As different strength and power characteristics were associated with different jump performances depending on the movement direction, leg power assessment needs to include assessment in all three directions and/or match sport or activity specific needs. It is fundamental to keep such information in mind when the goals of a training program are being set and monitoring of progress is undertaken.

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Foppa, Luciana. "Gestão por competências : preparo do processo avaliativo pelos enfermeiros de uma unidade de internação". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/178561.

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Contemporaneamente, o modelo de gerenciamento por competências tem alcançado o âmbito da avaliação do trabalhador na saúde e enfermagem. Nesta perspectiva, o processo avaliativo requer planejamento e organização. O objetivo geral consistiu em compreender como ocorre o preparo do processo avaliativo dos técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem pelos enfermeiros de uma unidade de internação clínica adulto do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, na perspectiva da gestão por competências. O estudo, caracterizado como descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, foi desenvolvido com 13 enfermeiros e os dados coletados entre maio e junho de 2017, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise de conteúdo temática resultou em três categorias: processo avaliativo, uma trajetória a ser discutida; no momento da avaliação, aspectos intervenientes; e, gestão por competências, um novo modelo de avaliação. Os resultados indicam que os enfermeiros se organizam para realizar as avaliações dos técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem no último trimestre do ano, geralmente em duplas, estabelecendo um cronograma e posterior comunicação aos avaliados. Noções sobre conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes perpassam o entendimento dos entrevistados sobre avaliação por competências, embora ainda de modo incipiente. Houve referência à modificação no comportamento dos avaliados em momentos que antecedem à apreciação e às inconveniências logísticas relacionadas ao local das avaliações e ao tempo disponível, comprometendo a privacidade da entrevista avaliativa. Conclui-se sobre a importância de se apropriar de conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes, bem como dos recursos proporcionados pelo sistema de gestão por competências da instituição para realizar avaliações com responsabilidade e compromisso.
Currently, the competence-based management model has reached the scope of employee assessment in health and nursing. Under this perspective, the evaluation process requires planning and organization. The general objective of this study was to understand how the nurses at an adult inpatient unit at Hospital de Clínicas dePorto Alegre prepare the assessment process of the unit’s nursing technicians and assistants based on the competence-based management perspective. This qualitative descriptive study was developed with 13 nurses, and data were collected between May and June, 2017 through semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the thematic content resulted in three categories: 1) evaluation process: a path yet to be discussed; 2) aspects that affect the moment of the evaluation; and 3) competence-based management: a new assessment model. The results indicate that the nurses usually get organized in pairs to conduct the evaluations of nursing technicians and assistants in the last quarter of the year. They design a schedule and subsequently inform these staff members. The interviewees demonstrated, although still in an incipient way, some understanding of the knowledge, skills, and attitudes involved in competence-based assessment. Changes in the behavior of the nursing technicians and assistants some moments before the assessment were reported. In addition, logistic inconveniences related to the venue and the time available for the assessment compromised the privacy of the evaluation interview. It can be concluded that it is important for the institution’s competence-based management system to master the required knowledge, skills, and attitudes, as well as to provide the necessary resources, in order to carry out evaluations with responsibility and commitment.
Actualmente, el modelo de gestión por competencias ha alcanzado el ámbito de la evaluación del trabajador en salud y enfermería. En esta perspectiva, el proceso evaluativo requiere planificación y organización. El objetivo general constituye en comprender cómo ocurre la preparación del proceso evaluativo de técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería por los enfermeros de una unidad de internación clínica adulta del Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, en la perspectiva de la gestión por competencias. El estudio, caracterizado como descriptivo, de enfoque cualitativo, ha sido desarrollado con 13 enfermeros, y los datos recogidos entre mayo y junio de 2017, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis de contenido temático ha resultado en 3 categorías: proceso evaluativo, una trayectoria a debatirse; en el momento de la evaluación, aspectos intervinientes; y, gestión por competencias, un nuevo modelo de evaluación. Los resultados indican que los enfermeros se organizan para realizar las evaluaciones de los técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería en el último periodo trimestral del año, generalmente en parejas, estableciendo un cronograma y posterior comunicación de los evaluados. Nociones de conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes atraviesan el entendimiento de los entrevistados sobre evaluación por competencias, aunque aún de manera incipiente. Ha sido referenciada la modificación en el comportamiento de los evaluados en momentos que anteceden la apreciación y también las inconveniencias logísticas relacionadas al local y al tiempo disponible para las evaluaciones, lo que compromete la privacidad de la entrevista evaluativa. Se concluye sobre la importancia de apropiarse de conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes, así como de los recursos proporcionados por el sistema de gestión por competencias de la institución para realizar evaluaciones con responsabilidad y compromiso.

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Jacobsz, Johannes Marthinus. "Riglyne vir die effektiewe assessering van dosente in hoër onderwys binne die nasionale kwalifikasieraamwerk / Johannes Marthinus Jacobsz". Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10414.

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This study focuses on the composition of guidelines for the effective assessment of lecturers - hence the emphasis is on the principle that assessment may be regarded as indispensable for professional development and for making a meaningful contribution towards ensuring quality in the context of the National Qualification framework. To this end a literature study was firstly undertaken regarding the nature of and criteria for effective assessment. The literature indicated that a variety of changes took place in South Africa since 1994, amongst others in the area of education, training and development. There have been numerous debates about this on stages and in political council halls, schools, colleges, technikons, universities, the press and the general workplace. Often the debates also centred on the low levels of competence and performance of workers in South Africa. Sometimes even the abilities, competence and performance levels of graduates and diplomandi have been questioned. In the context of these doubts people started investigating the role played by higher education, and more specifically lecturers, in ensuring that competent human resources leave the higher education environment for the professional world. As a result the purposeful assessment of lecturers has been identified as imperative. Furthermore, certain important factors that may influence the nature of and criteria for assessment, are discussed in this study. These include, amongst others, issues such as the education and training system, outcomes-based education and training, competence, knowledge escalation, the assessment of competence arid performance, the professional development of the lecturer, the concept assessment, the relation between assessment and ensuring quality, Bloom's taxonomy, different assessment instruments, the management of quality and the appointment of lecturers. The assessment of lecturers is viewed from a development-oriented perspective, where the focus is on continuous assessment that may be beneficial for individual, professional and organisational development. It is shown that a variety of qualitative and quantitative assessment instruments may be optimalised during formative as well as summative assessment, with which the training, needs, abilities, skills, competencies, capacity and performance of lecturers may be determined. The assessment of lecturers is regarded as a contributing factor in delivering and ensuring quality. It is also shown that the process should be undertaken in a managerial manner in order to continuously promote quality. Thereupon a discussion of assessment practices follows. In this discussion the focus is on the roles of lecturers in government-supported higher education institutions. The discussion is guided by the context which is determined by the implementation of the principles of the National Qualification Framework. A number of actors are identified who are directly or indirectly involved in the assessment of lecturers' competencies, outputs and performance in the higher education environment. It is also indicated that the implementation of the National Qualification Framework is guided by a number of legislations of which government-supported higher education institutions must give account in the performing of their tasks and functions. From literature it is clear that countries like the United Kingdom, the USA, Australia and New Zealand use assessment practices to ensure quality in the higher education environment. The role of the lecturer in that process is highlighted, and it is indicated that the assessment of the lecturer is indirectly addressed in the process. An empirical study was performed to establish, in the first instance, whether lecturers have been subjected to effective and appropriate training regarding the implementation of the National Qualification Framework. The second objective of the empirical study was to identify the implications of the assessment of lecturers attached to government-subsidised or public higher education institutions for all stakeholders. It is found in this study that a distinction should be made between the competence and performance assessment of lecturers. In addition it is indicated that the competence certification of lecturers must be regarded as imperative in order to facilitate performance-oriented functioning in the higher education environment. It is also found that lecturers must to a large extent cope with the process of giving account of all the new legislations and resulting expectations - sometimes under great pressure and amidst uncertainty and insufficient competence levels because of inadequate training, assessment and feedback. As a result lecturers do not experience the implementation of the National Qualification Framework as effective. In order to accommodate the changed and changing environment of the higher education sector, a conceptual model is composed to serve as a guide for the assessment of lecturers. In this model it is indicated that systems being developed for the assessment of lecturers should make provision for and account for a variety of factors, such as quality, primary and secondary actors, legislation, and the abilities, skills, competencies, capacity and performance levels of lecturers, assessment instruments, proactive, reactive, formative, summative, qualitative and quantitative assessment interventions. The synchronization and purposeful structuring of these factors may make a contribution towards creating a context which is beneficial to the professional development of the lecturer and consequently to performance in the higher education system.
Thesis (Ph.D. (Education))--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2003

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Rocha, Rodrigo Vilela da. "Avaliação de desempenho humano individual e em equipe em simulações interativas distribuídas de treinamento". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/530.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:06:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5247.pdf: 4506683 bytes, checksum: c96faa985ac336ef47e06d250cb3dc14 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-25
The distributed interactive simulations can be used to train human actions and behaviors in dangerous situations, which way reduce the risks to life and/or patrimony. As part of the training in virtual environments, is important that learners are assessed not only after exercise virtual training, but also during this period that there may be occasional interventions by the coach in the learning process. However, the development of training simulations is complex and not always the human evaluation, post and share in real time, is offered to the learner as a learning resource and training support as coach. A computer systemis being developed in the WINDIS Laboratory at UFSCar s Computer Department, to support the modeling, construction, execution, management and control of complex training simulations, using emergency preparedness and response as application areas. This work is part of that system and aims to create an individual and/or group performance evaluation sub system in distributed interactive simulations in order to better train apprentices in emergency management processes. It had been used theories, methods and best practices for evaluating human performance to create this sub system. During the preparation of simulations and human performance evaluations, it had been used preparedness and response to emergencies standards and protocols for conducting drills accordingly to São Paulo State, as well as the support of professional experts (São Carlos Fire Department). The modeling, simulations and ontologies used in this project were developed by the students in an integrated manner at WINDIS laboratory. As an individual part of this paper, it has been developed three modules that enable, respectively, the training assessments configuration, the monitoring and evaluation at runtime (with proper measurement for the proposed scenario, the instructor interaction in the simulation and analysis of competences Individual and team), and the analysis and after-action orientation. Two scenarios were developed a concept proof, one for fire department truck s control panel and other to conduct fire-fighting with indirect attack.
As simulações interativas distribuídas podem ser utilizadas para treinar ações e comportamentos humanos em situações de emergência, podendo reduzir os riscos à vida e/ou ao patrimônio. Como parte do treinamento em ambientes virtuais, é importante que os aprendizes sejam avaliados não só após os exercícios virtuais de treinamento, mas também durante este período para que possa haver intervenções pontuais do treinador no processo de aprendizagem. Entretanto, o desenvolvimento de simulações de treinamentos é complexo e nem sempre a avaliação humana, pós-ação e em tempo real, é oferecida ao aprendiz como recurso de aprendizagem e ao treinador como apoio ao treinamento. Um sistema está sendo desenvolvido no Laboratório WINDIS do Departamento de Computação da UFSCar, para apoiar a modelagem, construção, execução, gerenciamento e controle de simulações complexas de treinamento, tendo a preparação e resposta à emergência como uma das áreas de aplicação. O presente trabalho é parte desse sistema e tem como objetivo criar um subsistema de avaliação de desempenho individual e/ou em equipe em simulações interativas distribuídas, com a finalidade de melhor treinar aprendizes nos processos de gerenciamento da emergência. Para a criação desse subsistema foram utilizados teorias, métodos e boas práticas de avaliação de desempenho humano. Na elaboração das simulações e avaliações de desempenho humano foram utilizadas normas de preparação e resposta a emergências e protocolos para realização de exercícios simulados, vigentes no Estado de São Paulo, além do apoio de profissionais especialistas (Corpo de Bombeiros de São Carlos). A modelagem, as simulações e as ontologias utilizadas neste projeto foram desenvolvidas de maneira integrada pelos alunos do laboratório WINDIS. Como parte individual deste trabalho, foram desenvolvidos três módulos que possibilitam, respectivamente, a configuração de avaliações de treinamentos, o monitoramento e avaliação de treinamentos em tempo de execução (com medição adequada para o cenário proposto, interação do instrutor com a simulação e análise de competências individuais e em equipe) e a análise e orientação pós-ação. Dois cenários foram desenvolvidos como prova de conceito, um para o treinamento do painel de controle do caminhão do corpo de bombeiros e outro de combate a incêndio com ataque indireto.

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Abou, Saleh Jamil. "A Novel Approach for Performance Assessment of Human-Robotic Interaction". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6592.

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Robots have always been touted as powerful tools that could be used effectively in a number of applications ranging from automation to human-robot interaction. In order for such systems to operate adequately and safely in the real world, they must be able to perceive, and must have abilities of reasoning up to a certain level. Toward this end, performance evaluation metrics are used as important measures. This research work is intended to be a further step toward identifying common metrics for task-oriented human-robot interaction. We believe that within the context of human-robot interaction systems, both humans' and robots' actions and interactions (jointly and independently) can significantly affect the quality of the accomplished task. As such, our goal becomes that of providing a foundation upon which we can assess how well the human and the robot perform as a team. Thus, we propose a generic performance metric to assess the performance of the human-robot team, where one or more robots are involved. Sequential and parallel robot cooperation schemes with varying levels of task dependency are considered, and the proposed performance metric is augmented and extended to accommodate such scenarios. This is supported by some intuitively derived mathematical models and some advanced numerical simulations. To efficiently model such a metric, we propose a two-level fuzzy temporal model to evaluate and estimate the human trust in automation, while collaborating and interacting with robots and machines to complete some tasks. Trust modelling is critical, as it directly influences the interaction time that should be directly and indirectly dedicated toward interacting with the robot. Another fuzzy temporal model is also presented to evaluate the human reliability during interaction time. A significant amount of research work stipulates that system failures are due almost equally to humans as to machines, and therefore, assessing this factor in human-robot interaction systems is crucial. The proposed framework is based on the most recent research work in the areas of human-machine interaction and performance evaluation metrics. The fuzzy knowledge bases are further updated by implementing an application robotic platform where robots and users interact via semi-natural language to achieve tasks with varying levels of complexity and completion rates. User feedback is recorded and used to tune the knowledge base where needed. This work intends to serve as a foundation for further quantitative research to evaluate the performance of the human-robot teams in achievement of collective tasks.

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Iuppariello, Luigi. "MODELLING AND PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN REACHING MOVEMENTS FOR DISEASE CLASSIFICATION". Tesi di dottorato, 2015. http://www.fedoa.unina.it/10336/1/Iuppariello.pdf.

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Human arm motor control has been object of great investigation for several decades, during which some issues have been identified as themes of high interest. There is a wide number of studies on human motor control supporting the theory that reaching and pointing movements are the result of sequences of discrete motion units, called sub-movements. Evidence for the existence of discrete sub-movements underlying continuous human movement has motivated many attempts to "extract" them. Moreover, to analyze the strategy of the reaching movements, gained a great appeal in the rehabilitation field. In fact, understanding movement deficits following central nervous system lesions and the relationships between these deficits and functional ability, is fundamental to the development of successful rehabilitation therapies. The goal of sub-movement extraction is to infer the sub-movement composition of a movement from kinematic data. In the tangential velocity domain, a sub-movement is represented as a uni-modal, bell-shaped function. Determining the number, relative timing, and amplitude of sub-movements that most closely reproduce the original tangential velocity data is a non-linear optimization problem difficult to solve. The experimental observations suggest that sub-movements are ubiquitous but proof of their existence and detailed quantification of their form have been elusive. Although several sub-movement extraction algorithms have been proposed previously, all of them are subject to finding local, rather than global, minima and to producing spurious decomposition results. The first section of this thesis, propose a review on the decomposition methods developed until now and the several methodologies used to extract them. Furthermore, an hybrid sub-movement decomposition method is proposed, based on a robust expectation maximization (EM) constrained algorithm and a scale-space approach capable to overcome the limitations of the EM algorithm, which is a local maximum seeker. This representation allowed to explore whether the movements are built up of elementary kinematic units by decomposing each surface into a weighted combination of Gaussian functions. Finally, is proposed a new kinematic and electromyographic assessment of robot assisted upper arm reaching in hemiparetic subjects applying successfully the sub-movement decomposition method implemented to carefully analyze their motor and muscle strategy.

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Tseng, Feng-Yi, i 曾楓億. "Assessment on the Human Performance for the Use of Common Warfighting Symbology Interface". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87293410698421220825.

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博士
國立清華大學
工業工程與工程管理學系
100
Human reliance on computers to execute job-related tasks has increased immensely with advances in computer technology. One application of computers that is growing rapidly is performing military maneuvers in defense industries such as radar systems or geographical intelligence systems. In a military information station, operators have to carry out data analysis, assessment, and decision-making in a short time. Each decision which may be decided in milliseconds is a matter of life and death for soldiers. Therefore, the operators’ task performance is affected by stress and time load. This makes the interface of the systems to be one of the most important factors for reducing the human’s cognitive load of preventing safety-related accidents. This study conducted three experiments to investigate the common warfighting symbology interface design on human performance and cognitive load. The first experiment investigated the human performance on color discrimination in visual display terminals. It may be affected by illuminant colors, the level of ambient illumination and background colors of the monitor. A complete factorial (2 × 3 × 3) within-subject design was used. The independent variables were three illuminant colors (red, blue, and white), two ambient illumination levels (50 lux and 300 lux), and three background colors (black, blue and brown); the three dependent variables were the color discrimination ability (error scores), completion time and subject preference. The results showed that the illuminant colors and the screen background colors both significantly influenced human color discrimination ability (p < 0.01). The result of this research can be used in control room design when considering the effect of color. The second experiment investigated the visual search performance in visual display terminals. Visual search performance may be affected by target size, background type and the dimensions of the screen. Especially, when there is time pressure for operators to execute the search task in a military information station, visual search performance becomes more important. Thirty-six participants were recruited and a three-factor mixed design was used in which the independent variables were three screen dimensions (7, 15 and 21 inches), five icon sizes (visual angle 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 min of arc) and two map background clutter types (topography displayed [TD] and topography not displayed [TND]). The five dependent variables were completion time, accuracy, fixation duration, fixation count and saccade amplitude. The results showed that the best icon sizes were 80 and 70 min. The 21 inches screen dimension was chosen as the superior screen for search tasks. The TND map background produced higher accuracy compared to that of TD background. The results of this research can be used in control room design to promote operators’ visual search performance. The third experiment extended the first and the second experiments to a simulated geographical intelligence system. The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of a simulated geographical intelligence system on operators’ cognitive load by galvanic skin response (GSR) and pupil diameter measures. The experiment was to examine the influence of operators on icon types (hollow and filled), icon sizes (visual angle 40, 60, and 80 min of arc) and map background clutters (TD and TND) in the geographical intelligence system (GIS). The results showed that operators’ cognitive load was lower under higher target/background difference. The search efficiency was well when hollow icons were presented on TND map background. The findings of this study can help the designers to develop more efficient and comfortable interfaces to fit users. Finally, some design specifications were recommended.

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Robinson, Laurel. "A comparison of eighth-grade mathematics scores by state and by the four census-defined regions of national assessment of educational progress (NAEP)". Doctoral diss., 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6168.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the information regarding the comparative relationship between the proficient mathematics scores of eighth-grade students on the 2009 state mathematics assessments and the 2009 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) mathematics assessment by state, census –defined regions and AYP subgroups. Analysis was completed and six research questions were used to guide the study. A multiple regression was used to assess the relationship between the percentage of eighth-grade students who were proficient in mathematics as assessed by the 2009 NAEP and those who were proficient in mathematics as assessed by their 2009 state assessment. A significant quadratic (non-linear) relationship between the state and NAEP levels of proficiency was determined. Several two-factor split plot (one within-subjects factor and one between-subjects factor) analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted to determine if region moderated the difference between the percentage proficient on the state and NAEP assessments for eighth grade students overall and in the following AYP subgroups : (a) low socioeconomic students, (b) white students, (c) black students and (d) Hispanic students. The within-subjects factor was type of test (NAEP or state), and the between-subjects factor was region (Midwest, Northeast, West, and South). Overall, the percentage proficient on state mathematical assessments was always higher than the percentage proficient on the NAEP mathematics assessments. The degree of discrepancy is discussed, as well as possible reasons for this divergence of scores.
Ed.D.
Doctorate
Educational and Human Sciences
Education and Human Performance
Educational Leadership

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Lin, Chih-Hsuan, i 林志炫. "The effect of different devices in presenting VR to the assessment of human performance and visual fatigue". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99367879564801255848.

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碩士
中原大學
工業與系統工程研究所
102
This research uses different virtual reality displays to test the effect it has on human performance and visual fatigue. All participants were randomly allocated to three groups: 2D, anaglyph glasses and shutter glasses 3D. Each participant was asked to learn two equipments that vary in difficulties. All participants were asked to fill out questionnaire and tested the critical fusion frequency, near point accommodation every 30 minutes. The participants were asked to operate the equipments, the number of errors and time required was recorded. The critical fusion frequency had significantly different in the displays. Demonstrates the displays result in different levels of visual fatigue. The anaglyph glasses were particularly rapid in visual fatigue. It is important to allow the eyes to rest even in a short time.

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Donaldson, Joseph Leonard. "A Survey of Tennessee Extension Agents’ Perceptions of the Tennessee Extension Agent Performance Appraisal System". 2011. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1179.

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This study aimed to describe extension agent perceptions of the Tennessee Extension Agent Performance Appraisal System. A survey instrument was developed to address the research questions. The instrument had two sections: Satisfaction with the Current Appraisal System (14 items) and Satisfaction with Appraiser Performance (7 items). The instrument was reviewed by an expert panel and pilot tested with a group of 39 extension agents. The instrument was deployed online to the study population. The population studied consisted of all extension agents employed by the University of Tennessee and Tennessee State University in January, 2010 (N=312). The total completed responses were 218 for a completed response rate of 69%. In this study, seven in ten respondents (78.8%) felt that the current appraisal system should be improved. The desired improvements included: (a) The extension agents’ desire to have direct, annual appraisal interviews with the regional director; (b) The extension agents’ desire for a performance appraisal rubric that more accurately reflects their actual job duties; (c) The extension agents’ desire to make the performance appraisal system less time-consuming and efficient; and (d) The need for more instruction in performance appraisal for county directors. Overall, extension agents were satisfied with the roles and behaviors of their appraisers (county directors), and county directors were equally satisfied with the roles and behaviors of their appraisers (regional directors). The majority of extension agents and county directors viewed their appraiser’s performance in conducting the appraisal with positive judgment, fairness, and trust by their subordinates. The major recommendations emerging from this study are the provision of professional development for all appraisers to ensure accurate and effective performance appraisal, and exploration of strategies to require less effort on the part of the extension agent to prepare the appraisal materials.

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Cavallo, Daniela. "Computational models for the dynamic assessment of operator’s mental fatigue and the human error probability in production processes". Doctoral thesis, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11589/245804.

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Nell’ultimo decennio è incrementato l’utilizzo delle tecnologie nelle attività quotidiane e negli ambienti di lavoro in cui il fabbisogno di risorse cognitive sembra aumentare mentre il livello di sforzo fisico sembra diminuire. I rapidi sviluppi della cosiddetta “Internet delle cose” (Internet of Things - IoT) e dei suoi nuovi archetipi di automazione nei sistemi cyber-fisici, nonché l'aumento dei requisiti analitici derivanti dalla necessità di analizzare una grande quantità di dati sono alcuni esempi di elementi alla base che segnano una maggiore richiesta cognitiva degli individui di svolgere compiti di controllo e ottenere una panoramica dei sistemi distribuiti che siamo tenuti a monitorare. Il motivo principale per misurare il carico di lavoro mentale o cognitivo è quantificare lo sforzo mentale nello svolgere determinate attività e valutare le sue implicazioni sulle prestazioni umane. La modellazione del carico di lavoro mentale umano (Mental Workload - MWL) può essere utilizzata per supportare la progettazione di interfacce, tecnologie e attività di elaborazione delle informazioni meglio allineate con le capacità mentali di ciascun individuo. La presente tesi di dottorato è focalizzata sullo sviluppo di modelli computazionali per la valutazione dinamica della fatica mentale dell'operatore (individuati come carico di lavoro mentale e/o carico di lavoro cognitivo) e della probabilità di errore umano nell’esecuzione di attività legate ai processi produttivi. Viene affrontata la fatica mentale, le sue misure, dimensioni, modelli, applicazioni e conseguenze. Questa tesi segue un approccio multidisciplinare, e non solo confinato al campo dell'ergonomia industriale. Vengono presentati i recenti sviluppi nel contesto dei modelli teorici di MWL e applicazioni pratiche finalizzate al supporto delle attività e alla gestione di MWL nelle operazioni. Pertanto, i contributi sono stati organizzati in sezioni dove si indagano la fatica mentale e la probabilità di errore umano nell'ambito dei processi produttivi; qui i modelli sviluppati si basano sulla teoria dell'informazione presentata da Shannon. Il lavoro di tesi è stato organizzato come segue: a) Analisi dello stato dell'arte sull’importanza crescente del fattore umano nei sistemi di produzione intelligente, prestando particolare attenzione all’importanza della fatica mentale umana nello svolgimento di attività con prevalente parte cognitiva piuttosto che fisica. b) Analisi dello stato dell'arte sulle metodologie esistenti, applicate in diversi settori e per diversi scopi, utilizzate per valutare il carico di lavoro mentale umano nell'esecuzione di un compito specifico. c) Formulazione di proposte innovative per la modellizzazione del carico di lavoro mentale dell'operatore e per la valutazione della relativa prestazione, focalizzando l'attenzione sui fattori fisiologici e sulle differenti tipologie di attività da svolgere. L'analisi dello stato dell'arte delle metodologie esistenti utilizzate per la valutazione del MWL, affrontata nel Capitolo 1, ha aiutato a comprendere le carenze nell'analisi dei fattori umani legati alla fatica mentale nei processi di produzione. Al fine di superare tali limiti, nel Capitolo 2 viene presentato il test “n-back”, uno strumento standardizzato per simulare compiti con diverse complessità cognitive. Qui vengono utilizzate metodologie sia oggettive che soggettive per valutare il carico di lavoro mentale durante le sessioni sperimentali. Il caso di studio presentato nel Capitolo 2 è utilizzato per simulare un reale contesto industriale che evidenzia come gli operatori, a causa dell'aumento dei compiti cognitivi nell’ambito della propria attività lavorativa, debbano prendere un numero sempre più elevato di decisioni. Inoltre, nel Capitolo 3, i dati del test n-back e i dati di letteratura sono utilizzati per creare una nuova formulazione per la quantificazione del carico di lavoro mentale e della prestazione degli operatori. Le formulazioni presentate tengono conto sia di parametri soggettivi degli operatori sia di parametri oggettivi; inoltre è investigato il fenomeno dell'invecchiamento della forza lavoro nelle economie di mercato avanzate e dell’impatto sulla valutazione dei fattori umani nei processi produttivi nell'era della digitalizzazione. Nel Capitolo 4 è esaminata la complessità delle attività di riconoscimento degli oggetti bidimensionali (2D). La formulazione presentata permette di modellare la difficoltà del compito e il relativo carico di lavoro mentale. Infine, nel Capitolo 5, è studiata la performance umana nei compiti ripetitivi. Qui è valutata la prestazione dell'operatore nell’eseguire un'attività di assemblaggio manuale. La modellizzazione del carico di lavoro mentale, la valutazione della difficoltà del compito e della prestazione degli operatori presentate in questa tesi possono dare al progettista un suggerimento sul miglioramento che si può ottenere se l’assegnazione dell’attività è ottimizzata considerando i diversi tipi di compiti e operatori. Il benessere dell'operatore giocherà un ruolo cruciale nell'assegnazione del compito. La valutazione del carico di lavoro mentale può essere applicata nei programmi di rotazione del lavoro (job rotation) al fine di minimizzare il carico di lavoro mentale. Come spiegato nell'Introduzione, le formulazioni dei modelli proposti possono colmare le lacune della letteratura scientifica esistente relativa ai fattori umani nella fabbrica digitale.
The past decade has seen an increase in the use of technologies in everyday activities and work environments in which the need for cognitive resources seems to increase. In contrast, the level of physical exertion seems to decrease. The rapid developments of the so-called "Internet of Things" (IoT) and its new automation archetypes in cyber-physical systems, as well as the increased analytical requirements arising from the need to analyze large amounts of data, are some examples of underlying elements that mark an increased cognitive demand of individuals to perform control tasks and get an overview of the distributed systems we are required to monitor. The main reason for measuring mental or cognitive workload is to quantify mental effort in performing specific tasks and assess its implications on human performance. Human Mental Workload (MWL) modeling can be used to support the design of interfaces, technologies and information-processing activities that are better aligned with each individual's mental capabilities. This doctoral dissertation focuses on developing computational models for the dynamic assessment of operator mental fatigue (which is identified as mental workload and/or cognitive workload) and the probability of human error in executing production process-related tasks. Mental fatigue, its measures, dimensions, models, applications and consequences are addressed. This thesis follows a multidisciplinary approach and is not only confined to the field of industrial ergonomics. Recent developments in the context of theoretical models of MWL and practical applications aimed at business support and management of MWL in operations are presented. Therefore, the contributions have been organized into sections where mental fatigue and the probability of human error in the context of production processes are investigated; here, the models developed are based on the information theory presented by Shannon. The thesis work was organized as follows: (a) State-of-the-art analysis of the increasing importance of the human factor in intelligent production systems, paying particular attention to the importance of human mental fatigue in performing tasks with predominantly cognitive rather than physical parts. (b) State-of-the-art analysis of existing methodologies, applied in different fields and for different purposes, used to assess human mental workload in performing a specific task. (c) Innovative proposals for modeling the operator's mental workload and evaluating the related performance, focusing on physiological factors and different types of tasks to be performed. The state-of-the-art analysis of existing methodologies used for MWL assessment, addressed in Chapter 1, helps to understand the shortcomings in analysing human factors related to mental fatigue in production processes. To overcome these limitations, the "n-back" test, a standardised tool for simulating tasks with different cognitive complexities, is presented in Chapter 2. Both objective and subjective methodologies are used here to assess mental workload during experimental sessions. The case study presented in Chapter 2 is used to simulate a real industrial setting that highlights how operators, due to the increase of cognitive tasks within their work activities, must make an increasing number of decisions. Chapter 3 uses the n-back test and literature data to create a new formulation for quantifying operators' mental workload and performance. The formulations presented consider both subjective and objective parameters of operators; in addition, the ageing workforce in advanced market economies and the impact on the evaluation of human factors in production processes in the era of digitalisation are investigated. Chapter 4 examines the complexity of two-dimensional (2D) object recognition tasks. The presented formulation allows modeling the difficulty of the task and the associated mental workload. Finally, in Chapter 5, human performance in repetitive tasks is studied. Here the operator's performance in performing a manual assembly task is evaluated. The modeling of mental workload, assessment of task difficulty and operator performance presented in this thesis can give the designer a hint about the improvement that can be achieved if the task assignment is optimised by considering different types of tasks and operators. Operator well-being will play a crucial role in task assignment. Mental workload assessment can be applied in job rotation programs to minimise mental workload. As explained in the Introduction, the proposed model formulations can fill the gaps in the existing scientific literature related to human factors in the digital factory.

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36

KAO, YUTA, i 高玉達. "A study of Project Performance Index of R&D Department which using in Personnel Assessment System at Human Resource Information System". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88785785883438318197.

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碩士
輔仁大學
資訊管理學系
99
As more large electronics enterprises in Taiwan put more emphasis on product development, so the R&D department staff showed a substantial growth of the Human Resource department for the evaluation of R&D work and heavier. So far large enterprises use project management systems and performance appraisal systems, but both were independent, there is no integrated management solution, in charge of making a performance appraisal, there is no way to directly reference from the performance appraisal system that how much contribution which employees dedicate to the project. Therefore, the thrust of this study is intended to take electronics industry for example, analyze the rule of project management and project management systems to find a project key performance indicators and the development of personnel assessment system architecture as a reference. In this study, we will take Taiwan's largest computer company (Q's) 15 existing R&D key performance indicators and balanced scorecard indicators for the integration, then develop 66 performance indicators. After that, through sampling of 100 questionnaires, 47 questionnaires were collected for analysis to find the available indicators of the electronics industry. There are three results obtained in this study: 1. 66 indicators in average index of 3.5 or more are 28 indicators, and they are applicable for personnel evaluation system. Respondents believed that " progress in the project implementing " is the most suitable indicators for personnel evaluation system, then there are " possibility of mass production ", and " the quantity of new product development ", " customer overall satisfaction ", " R&D design changes and the times of modification ", " the ability of R&D department inter-departmental communication and integration " 2. In the development of performance indicators into the personnel performance appraisal system's success factors, the respondents believed that "senior management understanding, support, participation" is the most important, followed by " a leader who is experienced on risk management, change management and innovation management ", and " fully authorization for the project team". 3. The development of computerize in Q’s company, they choose 15 indicators for use when system design. These indicators include the " progress in the project implementing ", " the quantity of new product development ", " customer overall satisfaction ", " R&D design changes and the times of modification ", " the control of product development cost " and " the difference between R&D costs and the budget "

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Veale, James P. "Physiological assessment in talent identification within Australian football". Thesis, 2011. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/17688/.

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Predicting long-term success in talented athletes at an early age requires a multi-factorial, longitudinal approach that combines both scientific observations and intuitive judgements in the identification process. Traditionally, the measurement of physiological characteristics in the team sport environment is conducted in one-off testing sessions, with results used to discriminate performance outcomes for team selection. Nevertheless, the changing nature of Australian Football (AF) has raised questions over the specificity of currently used field test protocols. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to validate newly designed physiological field tests specific to AF, measuring its discriminatory ability within a longitudinal research design, incorporating body compositional changes, at the elite junior AF level.

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Wilson, Courtney. "A Comparative Analysis of Top Performing Countries in Eighth Grade Mathematics as Measured by 2011 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study". Doctoral diss., 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6203.

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The focus of this research was to shed light on factors contributing to global international rankings in mathematics released by the 2011 administration of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study. This study focused on factors contributing to the global ranking of international scores in mathematics. Although students in the United States performed below students in the other sample countries (Singapore, Japan, and the Republic of Korea), American students scored within one standard deviation of the top performer, the Republic of Korea. The study also revealed that although other countries had their brightest and most advantaged students participate in the assessment, participating students in the United States were disproportionately disadvantaged to the proportion of United States' citizens. Another contributing factor of student success revealed in this study was the size and form of government and financing of the participating countries. While Singapore, the Republic of Korea, and Japan have education systems governed and financed by national governments, the United States education system is primarily governed and financed by 50 state governments.
Ed.D.
Doctorate
Teaching, Learning and Leadership
Education and Human Performance
Educational Leadership; Executive Track

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Graham, Scott. "Monitoring Strategies for Predicting Position-Specific Match Performance in State-Level Netball Athletes". Thesis, 2019. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/40032/.

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Introduction: Monitoring athlete performance in training and competition can assist conditioning professionals and sport scientists to enhance performance outcomes whilst also minimising the risk of injury, illness and non-functional overreaching. Yet the monitoring of athletes to improve position-specific match performance has never been investigated in the team-sport of netball. Aims: This thesis aims to examine the extent to which three common forms of athlete monitoring relate to match performance in state-level netball athletes, providing practitioners with guidelines for maximising performance outcomes. Study 1 - Purpose: To determine any substantial differences in physical capacities between positional groups within the state-level netball cohort of this thesis, to justify an investigation into position-specific monitoring strategies for enhancing match performance. Methods: Forty-six state-level netball athletes completed physical capacity assessments in the second week of their preseason, over two-seasons. Tests included stature, 20 m sprint (with 5 m and 10 m splits), 505-change-of-direction, countermovement jump, single-leg bounding and the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level One. Results: There were numerous substantial differences between positions with mid-court athletes typically displaying the greatest overall physical capacity followed by defenders then shooters. Study 2 - Purpose: To investigate the reliability of a tracking metric (Player LoadTM) within a court-based sport environment, to determine its efficacy for objectively investigating activity profiles within state-level netball matches by position. Methods: Eighteen state-level netball athletes’ accelerations were tracked with two accelerometers, each housed within an athlete tracking unit (OptimEye S5, Catapult Sports, Australia), taped together with axes aligned during netball match-play. Results: The inter-device Player LoadTM was reliable with the typical error was 5.9 (90% compatibility limits (CL) 5.2 to 6.7), with the CV 4.8% being well below the SWD of 8.2%. Study 3 - Purpose: To utilise the Player LoadTM metric to determine substantial differences between positions by analysing the peak intensities during state-level netball matches, to further justify an investigation into position-specific monitoring strategies for enhancing match performance. Methods: Twenty-eight netball athletes wore an accelerometer (S5 Optimeye, Catapult sports) for all matches, in one season. Peak Player LoadTM was quantified over 30-seconds and one to ten-minute time periods. Results: Across all time periods post 30-seconds, only one comparison was not meaningfully different i.e., three-thirds v two-thirds at the one-minute timepoint (effect size: 0.27, CL -0.05 to 0.60). Study 4 - Purpose: Following a strong justification for investigating position-specific monitoring strategies to enhance match performance, this study aimed to determine the extent to which performance indicators, coach ratings and their combination predict match outcome in netball. Methods: Two seasons worth (39-40 matches) of performance indicators and coach ratings were collected for players of a state-level netball club with one team in each of three divisions (27 championship, 23 division-one, and 19 19-&-under females). There were five performance measures being coach weighted performance indicators (CWPI) and a novel equal weighting (EWPI); coach ratings of overall performance; multiple linear regression was also used to derive correlations for combinations of coach rating with the CWPI and with the EWPI. Results: For team performance the combination of EWPI and coach rating was the strongest predictor of points differential. No measure of position-specific match performance was consistently related to points differential across all three teams. Study 5 Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the extent to which three monitoring strategies predict five measures of position-specific match performance. Methods: State-level netball athletes (n = 46, age = 20.29 ± 4.15 years) were monitored over a two-year period and were split into three position groups (defenders, mid-courts and shooters). Training load (sessional rate-of-perceived exertion), wellness questionnaires and CMJ were collected. All five predictor measures from Study 4 were the criterion for position-specific match performance. Results: Training load dose was the only monitoring tool related to match performance for all three position groups. There were no substantial relationships between wellness questionnaires and match performance for any group. Only shooters were found to have substantial relationships between CMJ and match performance. Thesis conclusions: Netball athletes have substantial differences in physical capacities dependent on positions played. The peak intensities reached during match-play is also substantially different for positions. There is no superior approach for match performance assessment in netball for predicting points differential. The monitoring of training load doses provides important information for coaching and conditioning staff to predict future match performance for all position groups. The use of wellness questionnaire data does not provide useful information for predicting an athlete’s match performance. Finally, only shooters demonstrated a relationship between CMJ and match performance. The findings of this thesis indicate that to enhance match performance in netball, a position-specific monitoring approach is required.

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Vermeulen, Luni. "Key human factors in the E-readiness of academic employees at Higher Education institution". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5680.

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Within the context of technological development, the needs and preferences of the 21st century student (Generation Y), the changing higher education environment, the increasing use of technology in teaching and learning, and the significant role of online learning facilitators in e-learning, the e-readiness of academic employees became imperative. Thus, considering the importance of academic employees' e-readiness, the primary objective of the study aims to determine the role of key human factors in their e-readiness, with specific focus on personal work profile patterns, preferred learning style and pace and style of technology adoption. The research problem therefore is how to determine the role of these key human factors in the e-readiness of academic employees. In this respect the study argues that the e-readiness assessment of academic employees must be included in the human resource performance appraisal process. The purpose of this research is to develop a framework for assessing the ereadiness of academic employees during their performance appraisals, as well as determining and assessing the role of key human factors in their e-readiness in order to draft an e-profile which will provide guidance in terms of structuring unique training and development approaches for each e-profile. Once accademic employees' e-readiness has been assessed during their performance appraisals, they can be plotted on the framework. The outcome of their e-readiness assessments will reveal their e-profiles, which will portray insight into the presence or absence of particular ereadiness indicators, outlined in an e-readiness construct. Subsequently, a personal development plan can be drafted, making provision for uniquely structured training and development interventions, best suited for each accademic employees' e-profile. The most suitable motivating factors for each employee will also be considered during the drafting of the personal development plan. The empirical research by means of a self-administered questionnaire and a focus group discussion revealed two prominent e-profiles indicating various levels of ereadiness, namely an early adopter-pragmatist-compliance e-profile and an early majority-theorist-steadiness e-profile. The findings made it evident that the traits portrayed by a person belonging to a certain technology adoption category show similarities to traits portrayed by particular learning styles and personal work profile patterns. Certain profiles could be identified, based on trends and similarities pertaining to interpersonal traits. The findings further revealed that with an increase in age and teaching experience of respondents (which also imply an increase in age), the willingness to be assessed on e-readiness declined. It was also determined that the human resource performance management policies and practices at the North-West University (NWU) (which is used as case study), do not make provision for the inclusion of e-readiness in performance appraisals of academic employees. Further it became evident that training and development interventions should not only focus on the technical skill of e-learning, but follow a broader teaching and learning approach, also including the philosophy of e-learning and the use and adaptation of teaching and learning strategies to obtain optimal learner learning. The findings of the study thus supported the need for a framework, providing guidance in this regard. Presently, neither the literature of human resource performance appraisal nor the literature of e-readiness or e-learning makes provision for assessing the e-readiness of academic employees. The study thus contributes to the scholarly discourse and knowledge in the field of public human resource management, as sub-field of Public Administration, by developing a theoretical framework (that currently does not exist), consisting of three matrixes for this purpose to determine the role of the key human factors in the e-readiness of academic employees.
Public Administration
D. Litt. et Phil. (Public Administration)

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Estrelinha, Júlio César da Silva. "Conceção de um modelo de avaliação do desempenho adequado à gestão dos recursos humanos da Santa Casa da Misericórdia da Marinha Grande". Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/3972.

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Orientação: João Pedro da Cruz Fernandes Thomaz
O terceiro Setor ocupa um lugar central na governação, na generalidade das sociedades contemporâneas. As novas exigências de competitividade, impõem também às Misericórdias, uma reestruturação dos processos de gestão, de forma a ser possível alinhar a missão organizacional com o nível de desempenho esperado. Pretende-se identificar um modelo de avaliação do desempenho dos colaboradores da Santa Casa da Misericórdia da Marinha Grande, que permita adequar o desempenho individual, às exigências funcionais e da Instituição. Foi adotada como base científica, a Metodologia Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão (MMAD), com vista ao alcance de uma maior à transparência e clareza das avaliações, e ainda, à obtenção de dados que permitam uma melhorada gestão do desempenho (relação dos resultados da avaliação, com as politicas de recrutamento, seleção e formação), gerando assim um modelo, em que todos possam confiar; O autor deste estudo pretende extrapolar o modelo identificado, a outras Misericórdias do País.
The 3rd Sector occupies a central place in the governance, of most contemporary societies. The new requirements of competitiveness also impose on the Misericórdias, a restructuring of management process in order to be able to align the organizational mission with the level of performance expected. The aim is to identify a model to evaluate the performance of employees of the Santa Casa da Misericórdia of Marinha Grande, enabling adjustments to individual performance to meet the functional and institutional requirements. The Methodology Multiple Criteria Decision-Aid (MMDA), was adopted as a scientific basis, with a view to achieving greater transparency and clarity of assessments, and also to obtain data allowing an improved performance management (ratio of assessment results with the policies of recruitment, selection and training), thereby generating a model in which everyone can trust; The author of this study pretends to extrapolate the identified model, to other Misericórdias of the country.

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Martins, Tiago José Pacheco. "Relatório de estágio. A gestão de Recursos Humanos no Município de Faro". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/8634.

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Dissertação de Mestrado, Gestão de Recursos Humanos, Escola Superior de Gestão, Hotelaria e Turismo, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade do Algarve, 2016
As reformas administrativas nem sempre contribuem de maneira positiva para o desempenho do indivíduo. Os recursos humanos devem distribuir as pessoas de uma organização, de modo a que estas executem a sua função com um elevado grau de desempenho, sendo este um capital humano que deve ser utilizado de forma eficaz na organização. Neste relatório, procura-se apresentar as atividades realizadas durante o estágio curricular na Câmara Municipal de Faro, identificando algumas tarefas desenvolvidas na divisão de administração e recursos humanos, descrevendo as atividades de recrutamento e seleção e de avaliação de desempenho dos colaboradores, bem como sugestões relacionadas com possíveis áreas de melhoria. Fez-se uma proposta de um plano e de um manual de acolhimento, com o objetivo de facilitar a integração e a socialização dos novos colaboradores. O recrutamento e a seleção de pessoas realizam-se de acordo com as competências e habilidades funcionais para que se cumpram os requisitos da organização. As pessoas são a imagem da instituição e estas são contempladas por crenças e comportamentos que influenciam e diferenciam a sua atuação. Perspetiva-se que as organizações demonstrem um processo de acolhimento e integração aos novos colaboradores para que estes se sintam elementos da empresa.
Executive improvements have not always had a positive impact on the individual’s performance. Human resources should allocate personnel in an organization, so that they carry out their role with high standards of commitment. This is an asset that should be implemented efficiently within the organization. This study shall showcase the activities that took place during the internship at Faro’s City Council by identifying some tasks developed in the human resource department, by describing the recruitment and selection duties, by evaluating the personnel’s performance and by suggesting possible improvements in problem-solving areas. A plan and a welcoming manual were drawn up in order to facilitate the integration and socialization of new personnel members. Recruitment and selection of workers take into account their competences and functional skills so that they fulfill the organization’s requirements. People stand for the organization with their own beliefs and behaviours that certainly influence and set their performance apart. Organistions need to introduce reception and integration procedures for new personnel members so that they feel integrated in the company.

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Jallad, Mahmoud 1979. "Performance of several diagnostic systems on detection of occlusal primary caries in permanent teeth". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/6498.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) Indiana University School of Dentistry Master Degree Thesis.
Detection of caries at an early stage is unequivocally essential for early preventive intervention. Longitudinal assessment of caries lesions, especially under the opaque preventive sealant, would be of utmost importance to the dental community. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this two-part in-vitro study is to evaluate the performance of multiple detection methods: The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS); two quantitative light-induced fluorescence systems QLF; Inspektor™ Pro and QLF-D Biluminator™2 (Inspektor Research Systems B.V.; Amsterdam, The Netherlands); and photothermal radiometry and modulated luminescence (PTR/LUM) of The Canary System® (Quantum Dental Technologies; Toronto, Canada). All these are to be evaluated on their detection of caries on posterior human permanent teeth for 1) of primary occlusal lesions, and 2) under the sealant of primary occlusal lesions. METHODS: One hundred and twenty (N = 120) human posterior permanent teeth, selected in compliance with IU-IRB “Institutional Review Board” standards, with non-cavitated occlusal lesions ICDAS (scores 0 to 4) were divided into two equal groups. The second group (N = 60) received an opaque resin dental sealant (Delton® Light-Curing Pit and Fissure Sealant Opaque, Dentsply, York, PA). All lesions were assessed with each detection method twice in a random order except for ICDAS, which was not used following the placement of the sealant. Histological validation was used to compare methods in regard to sensitivity, specificity, % correct, and the area under receiver- operating characteristic curve (AUC). Intra-examiner repeatability and inter-examiner agreement were measured using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: 1) Of primary occlusal lesions, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values were respectively: 0.82, 0.86 and 0.87 (ICDAS); 0.89, 0.60 and 0.90 (Inspektor Pro); 0.96, 0.57 and 0.94 (QLF-D Biluminator 2); and 0.85, 0.43 and 0.79 (The Canary System). Intra-examiner repeatability and inter-examiner agreement were respectively: 0.81 to 0.87: 0.72 (ICDAS); 0.49 to 0.97: 0.73 (Inspektor Pro); 0.96 to 0.99: 0.96 (QLF-D Biluminator 2); and 0.33 to 0.63: 0.48 (The Canary System). 2) Of primary occlusal lesions under the opaque dental sealants, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values were respectively: 0.99, 0.03 and 0.67 (Inspektor Pro); 1.00, 0.00 and 0.70 (QLF-D Biluminator 2); and 0.54, 0.50 and 0.58 (The Canary System). Intra-examiner repeatability and inter-examiner agreement were respectively: 0.24 to 0.37: 0.29 (Inspektor Pro); 0.80 to 0.84: 0.74 (QLF-D Biluminator 2); and 0.22 to 0.47: 0.01 (The Canary System). CONCLUSION: Limited to these in-vitro conditions, 1) ICDAS remains the method of choice for detection of early caries lesion due to its adequately high accuracy and repeatability. QLF systems demonstrate potential in longitudinal monitoring due to an almost perfect repeatability of QLF-D Biluminator 2. The Canary System performance and repeatability were not acceptable as a valid method of early caries detection. 2) None of the methods demonstrated acceptable ability in detecting of occlusal caries under the opaque sealant. However, QLF-D Biluminator 2, with limitation to these in-vitro conditions and Delton opaque sealant, demonstrated a fair accuracy AUC (0.70) in detecting of caries under sealants at an experimental threshold of 12.5% ΔF.

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Rolo, Nuno Miguel Cunha. "Modelos de administração pública e reforma da gestão de recursos humanos: regimes gerais de vinculação, carreiras e remunerações, do contrato de trabalho em funções públicas e de gestão e avaliação do desempenho". Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/3946.

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A presente investigação examina a agenda política, jurídica e administrativa da reforma do XVII Governo constitucional, entre o período de 2005 a 2009, na gestão de recursos humanos da administração pública, designadamente no que respeita aos regimes gerais de vinculação, carreiras e remunerações, do contrato de trabalho em funções públicas e de gestão e avaliação do desempenho, com vista a caracterizar a reforma na perspectiva dos modelos de administração. Parte-se da hipótese de que a reforma se caracteriza por uma trajectória alinhavada com o modelo gestionário ou NPM. São utilizados métodos de investigação, quantitativos e qualitativos e várias técnicas de recolha e análise de dados (análise documental, entrevistas e análise de conteúdo). Nos termos da investigação, conclui-se pela verificação da hipótese e, portanto, pela trajectória gestionária da reforma do governo socialista, delimitada ao objecto estudado, percepcionando-se a orçamentalização do sistema de gestão de recursos humanos, a hibridação do regime e gestão de emprego público e a capacitação decisória dos dirigentes máximos nos regimes gerais estudados. Estas trajectórias globais de orçamentalização, flexibilização e capacitação poderão reflectir uma possível tendência conceptual de fuga para a “gestão”, de pendor financeiro, privado e individualizado.
This research examines the political agenda, legal and administrative reform of the XVII Constitutional Government, between the period 2005 to 2009, in human resource management in public administration, particularly with regard to general systems of legal statute, careers and payments, the employment contract in public functions and management and evaluating performance in order to characterize the reform from the perspective of administration models. It starts with the assumption that the reform path aligns with managerial or NPM model. The methods used for research are quantitative and qualitative types and also various techniques for collecting and analyzing data (document analysis, interviews and content analysis). In terms of research, the study concludes by the verification of the hypothesis, and therefore by the managerialist trajectory of socialist government reform, bounded to the subject studied, towards to budgetisation system human resources management, hybridization of the statute and management of public employment and decision capacitation of top managers. These global trajectories of budgetisation, flexibility and capacity may reflect a possible tendency conceptually to the “escape to the "management" of financial, private and individualized bias.

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Ramirão, Inês Mariana Azevedo de Sousa. "Práticas organizacionais e experiência no local de trabalho: o papel moderador das práticas de gestão de recursos humanos na relação entre as exigências e o burnout". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/15640.

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O presente estudo tem por objetivos analisar as relações entre as exigências do trabalho e o burnout bem como entre os recursos do trabalho e o engagement, e analisar o papel das práticas de Gestão de Recursos Humanos nestas relações, numa amostra de trabalhadores portugueses. São estudadas exigências de tempo, físicas, emocionais e cognitivas bem como recursos de supervisão, variedade, autonomia, e feedback associados à tarefa como variáveis preditoras. Por sua vez, o burnout e o engagement são analisados como variáveis critério e as práticas de Gestão de Recursos Humanos incluídas como variáveis moderadoras. Em termos de instrumentos, são aplicadas a escala de exigências do trabalho utilizada por Gonçalves, Neves e Morin (2009), a versão da escala LMX – relação líder-liderado proposta por Graen e UhlBien (1995) e o Job Diagnostic Survey (Hackman & Oldham, 1980) para os recursos, a escala geral do Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1998) bem como a versão reduzida do Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003) e, por fim, a escala de práticas de Gestão de Recursos Humanos desenvolvida por Gonçalves (2011). A amostra estudada é composta por 103 trabalhadores portugueses de diferentes setores e níveis profissionais, com idades entre os 18 e os 61 anos e maior presença do sexo feminino (66%). Os dados recolhidos incidem maioritariamente sobre os setores da saúde, comércio/retalho, tecnologias de informação, e telecomunicações. Os resultados do estudo fornecem suporte parcialmente para a hipótese 1, uma vez que apenas as exigências como dimensão global assim como as exigências de tempo e físicas se associam positivamente ao burnout. Por sua vez, a hipótese 2 foi confirmada através de associações positivas dos recursos de supervisão, variedade, autonomia, e feedback com o engagement. Os resultados fornecem suporte parcialmente para a hipótese 3, a partir de um efeito de moderação das práticas de recompensas e benefícios e de avaliação de desempenho na relação entre a dimensão global de exigências e o burnout. Por último, a hipótese 4 de moderação das práticas na relação entre os recursos e o engagement não é suportada pelos resultados.
The purpose of the present investigation is to analyze the links between job demands and burnout as well as between job resources and engagement, also analyzing the possible role of human resources management practices on both links in a sample of portuguese workers. In the study are included time, cognitive, emotional, and physical demands as well as job resources such as the quality of the relationship between supervisor and employee, skill variety, autonomy, and job feedback. Both the demands and the resources are included as predictor variables. Burnout and engagement are included as criterion variables and human resources management practices as moderator variables. In terms of scales applied, there are the job demands scale by Gonçalves, Neves, & Morin (2009), as well as the version of the LMX scale proposed by Graen & Uhl-Bien (1995) and the Job Diagnostic Survey (Hackman & Oldham, 1980), both job resources scales. To analyze burnout and engagement are applied the general scale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1997) and the shortened version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003). Lastly, the Human Resources Management Practices scale developed by Gonçalves (2011) is included as well. The sample consists of 103 portuguese workers from different sectors and professional levels, with ages ranging between 18 and 61 years old and greater representation of the female sex (66%). The data collected mostly concerns the health, sales/retail, information technology, and telecommunications sectors. The results of the study provide partial support for hypothesis 1, since only the job demands’ global score as well as time demands and physical demands are positively correlated to burnout. Hypothesis 2 is supported by positive correlations between job resources in terms of supervision, variety, autonomy, and feedback with the engagement experience. The results also provide partial support for hypothesis 3, from two moderation effects of rewards and benefits as well as performance assessment practices in the link between job demands’ global score and burnout. Finally, hypothesis 4 for a moderation effect of human resources practices on the link between job resources and engagement was not supported.

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Roorda, L. D., J. R. Green, A. Houwink, Pamela J. Bagley, J. Smith, I. W. Molenaar i A. C. Geurts. "Item hierarchy-based analysis of the Rivermead Mobility Index resulted in improved interpretation and enabled faster scoring in patients undergoing rehabilitation after stroke". 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6163.

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OBJECTIVE: To enable improved interpretation of the total score and faster scoring of the Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI) by studying item ordering or hierarchy and formulating start-and-stop rules in patients after stroke. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Rehabilitation center in the Netherlands; stroke rehabilitation units and the community in the United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: Item hierarchy of the RMI was studied in an initial group of patients (n=620; mean age +/- SD, 69.2+/-12.5y; 297 [48%] men; 304 [49%] left hemisphere lesion, and 269 [43%] right hemisphere lesion), and the adequacy of the item hierarchy-based start-and-stop rules was checked in a second group of patients (n=237; mean age +/- SD, 60.0+/-11.3y; 139 [59%] men; 103 [44%] left hemisphere lesion, and 93 [39%] right hemisphere lesion) undergoing rehabilitation after stroke. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mokken scale analysis was used to investigate the fit of the double monotonicity model, indicating hierarchical item ordering. The percentages of patients with a difference between the RMI total score and the scores based on the start-and-stop rules were calculated to check the adequacy of these rules. RESULTS: The RMI had good fit of the double monotonicity model (coefficient H(T)=.87). The interpretation of the total score improved. Item hierarchy-based start-and-stop rules were formulated. The percentages of patients with a difference between the RMI total score and the score based on the recommended start-and-stop rules were 3% and 5%, respectively. Ten of the original 15 items had to be scored after applying the start-and-stop rules. CONCLUSIONS: Item hierarchy was established, enabling improved interpretation and faster scoring of the RMI.

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Laslo-Baker, Dionne. "Child Neurodevelopment following In Utero Exposure to Organic Solvents". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/34778.

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BACKGROUND: Many women of reproductive age are employed in industries involving exposure to organic solvents. Animal toxicological studies and human case reports demonstrate that exposure to organic solvents can cause neuropsychological deficits in exposed offspring; however, there is limited data from prospective controlled human studies. OBJECTIVE: To compare neuropsychological functioning between children whose mothers were occupationally exposed to organic solvents during pregnancy with a non-exposed matched comparison group. METHODS: Participants were 48 women who had previously contacted the Motherisk Program in Toronto, Canada during pregnancy regarding occupational exposure to organic solvents and a matched comparison group of women with no known exposure to teratogens during pregnancy. Children (18 months to 8 years 11 months at time of study) were compared in areas of cognitive, language, motor, and behavioral functioning. RESULTS: Children whose mothers were exposed to organic solvents during pregnancy displayed a lower level of functioning when compared with their matched peers in areas of cognitive, language, motor, and behavioral domains. Although the scores on measures of behavioral functioning were not in the clinical range, the mothers of exposed children reported more challenging behavioral problems. In order to determine whether exposure predicted neuropsychological outcomes above and beyond maternal intellectual functioning, hierarchical regressions were run with maternal IQ and maternal education at Step 1and exposure status added at Step 2. In utero exposure to organic solvents predicted lower sores on global measures of Verbal IQ, receptive and expressive language scales above and beyond maternal intellectual functioning. Factors associated with higher levels of exposure (detecting odor, longer duration and total number of toxicity symptoms) was associated with poorer outcome on behavioral and motor functioning tests. CONCLUSION: Despite the fact that the exposed mothers experienced minimal symptoms of toxicity, detrimental effects were still evident in their offspring. Current safety standards for exposure were designed for adults and need to be reevaluated. Further studies addressing exposure to specific organic solvents, dose, and gestational timing of exposure are warranted.

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