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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Houblon – Variabilité – Composition chimique":
Bourkhiss, M., A. Chaouch, M. Ouhssine i B. Bourkhiss. "Étude comparative de la composition chimique des huiles essentielles de Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters du Maroc". Phytothérapie 18, nr 1 (26.10.2018): 02–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/phyto-2018-0082.
Bastianelli, Denis, i Laurent Bonnal. "Evaluation de la qualité des produits du canard gras". Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 67, nr 3 (27.06.2015): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10176.
THÉRON, L., M. BOUILLIER-OUDOT, C. MARIE-ETANCELIN, C. BONNEFONT, X. FERNANDEZ i C. MOLETTE. "La fonte lipidique du foie gras à la cuisson". INRAE Productions Animales 26, nr 5 (19.12.2013): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2013.26.5.3170.
Millet, A., T. Bariac, C. Grimaldi i J. Boulègue. "Signature isotopique et chimique des précipitations (pluies et pluviolessivats) en Guyane française". Revue des sciences de l'eau 12, nr 4 (12.04.2005): 729–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705375ar.
AGABRIEL, C., G. BRUNSCHWIG, C. SIBRA, J. B. COULON i C. NAFIDI. "Relations entre la qualité du lait livré et les caractéristiques des exploitations". INRAE Productions Animales 8, nr 4 (23.09.1995): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1995.8.4.4133.
COZANNET, I. P., M. LESSIRE, J. P. METAYER, C. GADY, Y. PRIMOT, P. A. GERAERT, L. LE TUTOUR, F. SKIBA i J. NOBLET. "Valeur nutritive des drêches de blé et de maïs pour les volailles". INRAE Productions Animales 23, nr 5 (19.12.2010): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2010.23.5.3319.
Tine, Yoro, Moussa Diop, Idrissa Ndoye, Alioune Diallo i Alassane Wele. "Revue bibliographique sur la composition chimique et les activités biologiques de Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel. (Combretaceae)". International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 13, nr 7 (13.02.2020): 3449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v13i7.37.
Soro, LC, L. Grosmaire, AL Ocho-Anin Atchibri, S. Munier, C. Menut i Y. Pelissier. "Variabilité de la composition chimique de l’huile essentielle des feuilles de Lippia multiflora cultivées en Côte d’Ivoire". Journal of Applied Biosciences 88, nr 1 (28.05.2015): 8180. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jab.v88i1.5.
AGABRIEL, C., J. B. COULON, G. MARTY i B. BONAÏTI. "Facteurs de variation de la composition chimique du lait dans des exploitations à haut niveau de production". INRAE Productions Animales 6, nr 1 (27.02.1993): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1993.6.1.4187.
COULON, J. B. "Facteurs de variation du taux protéique du lait de vache en exploitation : réflexions à partir de résultats d’enquêtes". INRAE Productions Animales 4, nr 4 (2.10.1991): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1991.4.4.4344.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Houblon – Variabilité – Composition chimique":
Paguet, Anne-Sophie. "Valorisation de la diversité chimique et génétique du houblon sauvage de la région Hauts-de-France dans un objectif de développement variétal et d'applications agro-alimentaires et agricoles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR035.
Hop, Humulus lupulus L., is a traditional crop of Northern France. Female inflorescences, also named cones or hops, are used in brewing to provide bitterness and aroma to beer, as well as for their antimicrobial properties. These properties are closely connected to their original chemical composition. In particular, hops produce prenylated chalcones including xanthohumol and desmethylxanthohumol as well as acylpholoroglucinol derivatives with humulone derivatives (α-acids) and lupulone derivatives (β-acids). Moreover, hop essential oil is mainly represented by non oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes (β-myrcene, β-caryophyllene and α-humulene). The bitterness sought by brewers is due to the alpha acids, while the aromas come from the volatile compounds. In recent years, the new interest of consumers for craft and aromatic beers has given a new dynamism to the hop sector in the region. In this context, our study aims to investigate the genetic, chemical and phenotypic diversity of wild hops from Northern France, recognized as a potential source of interesting traits for varietal improvement. For this purpose, fifty wild hops were collected on different biotopes in Northern France and replanted in experimental hop fields. These wild hops were compared to ten commercial varieties grown in the region, and three old varieties. Biotope characterization was performed on soil samples. Genetic analyses of the different hop were focused on the study of microsatellite regions. Phytochemical characterization of hops collected in-situ and ex-situ was focused on the quantification of major prenylated phenolic compounds by UHPLC-UV, non-targeted metabolomic analysis by UHPLC-HRMS, and volatile compound analysis by HS-SPME GC-MS. Beers were also brewed with some hops from our collection and were subjected to physicochemical characterization, analysis of their volatile compound composition by SBSE-GC-MS and organoleptic characterization by a panel of tasters. The multivariate data obtained during these different analyses were correlated by multifactor analysis. These results revealed a high genetic and chemical diversity among the wild accessions, but also the importance of the terroir effect on the chemical composition of hops. These different datasets and their statistical analysis constitute a solid support for the study of this diversity
Yang, Yin. "Qualification des miels de Corse par une approche multifactorielle : diversité pollinique & variabilité chimique". Thesis, Corte, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CORT0009/document.
This thesis was focused on the Corsican honeys under the AOC and AOP appellation “Miel de Corse-Mele di Corsica”. The Corsican honey was classified in six varietal categories: “spring”, “spring maquis”, “honeydew”, “summer maquis”, “chestnut grove” and “automne maquis”. The aim of this work was to characterize the volatile composition of Corsica honey and to develop an interdisciplinary approach to complete the characterization of Corsican honey and the qualification of the botanical and/or geographical origin. In the first part, 195 nectar honeys were characterized by melissopalynological, physico-chemical and volatile analyses. Pollen analysis allowed the certification of Corsican origin and highlights the main nectariferous species and/or characteristic plant associations of each varietal range. Thus, the volatile analysis by SPME, GC and GC/MS allowed the identification of some chemical markers of honey, namely 2-aminoacetophenone (“chestnut grove”); p-anisaldehyde and 4-n-propylanisole (“spring maquis”); isophorone and 3,4,5-trimethylphenol (“automne maquis”); isomers of lilac aldehydes and p-menth-1-en-9-al (“spring clementine”).For each honey range, an interdisciplinary study was carried out by using statistical analysis of multifactorial data (melissopalynological, physico-chemical and volatile data). These results allowed us to identify the “monofloral” honey samples; to propose some hypotheses about the nectar and/or honeydew contribution in honeys with dominant over-represented (“chestnut grove”) and normal taxon (“spring maquis”); and to determine the role of different nectariferous and/or polleniferous species in honeys with underrepresented taxon (“spring” and “autumn maquis”) and those with complex botanical origin (“summer maquis”).In the second part of our work, the volatile fraction of 74 Corsican honeydews and blend honeys has also been investigated. Statistical analysis of the volatile composition has distinguished Metcalfa honeydew by a high abundance of 3-furaldehyde. Otherwise, the other honey samples were characterized by a high abundance of 2-aminoacetopheneone (marker of “chestnut grove” honey) and/or p-anisaldehyde and 4-n-propylanisol (characteristic compounds of “spring maquis" honey). These observations could be explained by the nectar contribution of Castanea sativa and/or Erica arborea in the honeydew samples. Finally, this work has allowed us to develop an innovative approach based on multifactorial approach (pollen analysis, physic-chemical parameters, volatile composition) to obtain discriminant information for the determination of the floral origin from Corsican honeys
U Mele di Corsica hè un pruduttu sputicu di l’isula. E prime vistighe di l’apicultura inCorsica si ritrovanu in l’Antichità più anziana ma l’arte di a bugna è di u mele vene tralasciatadopu a Sigonda guerra mundiale. Cù a mossa idintitaria di l’anni sittanta (XXu seculu),s’urganizeghjanu i prufiziunali ed ottenenu una Appillazione d’Origine Cuntrullata (AOC) inlu 1998 po una Appillazione d’Origine Prutetta (AOP) in lu 2000. Fatta fine chì a pruduzzioneoghjinca (300 à 350 tunnillate/annu), cummircializata cù a sugillata « Miel de Corse-Mele diCorsica » si spachja sigondu sei catigurie variitesche : « veranu », « machja viraninca », «milata di u machjetu », « machja d’istate », « castagnetu » è « machja auturnale ».In lu quatru di e norme naziunale (AOC) ed eurupee (AOP), u metudu cunvinziunaleda cirtificà l’origine geugrafica è butanica s’arremba à e caratteristiche pulliniche, fiscuchimicheè urganulettiche di i meli. U fine principale di sta tesi dutturale hè di caratterizà avariabbilità chimica di ste pruduzzione di modu à prupone criterii novi di qualifichera.U studiu di a frazzione vulatile di 269 campioni di meli (inclusuci e sei catigurievariitesche), hà permessu d’invinturià, pè a prima volta, a custituzione in cumposti vulatili di imeli di Corsica. I nostri travagli sò sbuccati dinò nantu à l’idintificazione di i marcadorichimichi in leia diretta cù e spicificità di i rughjoni di pruduzzione. Per quessa, un accostuinterdisciplinariu – appaghjendusi i dati di i metudi cunvinziunali cun quelli di a tippulugiavulatile- hè statu prupostu da pudè diterminà l’origine fiurale.Cusì sò stati idintificati i marcadori chimichi di parechje variità di mele, vene à dì u 2-aminoacetofenune (« castagnetu ») ; u p-anisaldeide è u 4-n-prupilanisole (« machja viraninca») ; l’isoforunu è u 3,4,5- trimetilfenule (« machja auturnale ») ; l’isomeri di lilace aldeide è diu p-menten-9-al (« veranu tippu clementinu »).Sta prima caratterizazione multifatturiale di i meli di Corsica hè propiu d’opu pèl’apicultori in lu quatru di l’evuluzione spaziu-tempurale di e pruduzzione isulane in funzionedi e cundizione di u mezu (variazione bioclimatiche, mudifica di u prucessu di e milate, rigiruapaghju)
Malanda, Kiyabou Gabriel. "Les eucalyptus du Congo : variations inter et intraspécifiques du rendement et de la composition chimique de leurs huiles essentielles". Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20259.
Poulain, Virginie. "Evolution passée et future de la composition chimique stratosphérique et ses interactions avec le climat". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00909553.
Delhomme, Olivier. "Etude de la variabilité et de l'évolution de la composition chimique de l'aérosol organique en fonction du lieu et de la période de prélèvement". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13040.
The purpose of this study is intended to obtain a better knowledge of the chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols in urban areas. The study targets the evaluation of the airborne particulate phase contamination by various families of pollutants compounds, by carrying out seasonal and daily follow-up of their concentration levels. The PM10 particles sampling was carried out simultaneously related to the Besancon, Spicheren and Strasbourg target areas, all conducted by taking air samples on a daily basis, collecting four consecutive batches, each of a duration of six hours along a day. The most of the concentrations levels collected from the Strasbourg area are higher than those observed on the Besancon and Spicheren areas. Seasonal follow-up of the contamination by compounds made it possible to highlight that apart some exceptions, the studied concentrations, are in general higher the winter, than during milder seasons. Generally, regarding the summer period, it appears from the study that the main source of these compounds seems especially related to the automobile traffic. In winter period, this main source is completed by domestic heating, and for the Strasbourg area, by an apparent industrial source by airborne transportation. A source of emission related to the activities of kitchen is also present all over the year, mostly on the Strasbourg area. Last of all, related to the compounds only emitted from the biomass combustion, the contribution from domestic heating using wood in cold season, increases the abundance of the studied compounds
Meyo, Degboevi Henri. "Variabilité intra spécifique de la composition chimique des connexes issus de la première transformation du bois de différentes essences gabonaises et valorisations chimiques potentielles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0203.
During this work, the rate of bark, heartwood and sapwood extracts of four Gabonese species was evaluated using the ASE 200 accelerated extraction technique and the Soxhlet for successive extractions with dichloromethane, acetone, toluene/ethanol and water. Also, parallel extractions with ethanol, water/ethanol and water whose extracts allowed the continuation of the work with the rate of extracts varying from 05 to 26%. The total phenols contained in the extractives were evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method using gallic acid as the standard. The content varies from 1.36 to 383.2 mg gallic acid eq/g extracts. The identification of compounds contained in the extracts by GC-MS allowed the identification of chlorophorin and resveratrol in Iroko extracts. The extracts of the other essences as a whole, allowed the identification of sugar molecules, acid molecules and sterols. Growth inhibition tests on decay fungi showed that at concentrations of 300 ppm the extractives were fungistatic and at concentrations of 500 ppm some extractives were fungicidal (Azobe extractive). The evaluation of the antioxidant and colouring properties of the extracts to consider potential industrial applications was carried out. The anti-radical power of the extracts was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) radical. The concentrations required to consume 50% of the radical range from 2.3 to 6.2 mg/L. The ability of aqueous and alkaline extracts to dye cotton was evaluated. The measurement of the colouring taken by the fibres was done using a Datacolor D65°10 colorimeter. The results show that these extracts give a yellow coloration with Iroko and Dabéma extracts and a red coloration with Tali and Azobé extracts. The use of extractives to inhibit bacterial growth showed that the extractives were bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal for the concentrations tested
Machinet, Gaylord Erwan. "Utilisation de la variabilité génétique du maïs pour évaluer le rôle de la qualité chimique des racines sur le processus de décomposition dans les sols". Reims, 2009. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00001012.pdf.
Since several years, plant roots aroused a new interest due to the environmental concern of their C input and storage in soils after decomposition subsequent to plant death or harvest. To better understand the role of the chemical quality of roots on their decomposition in soils and associated C dynamics, sixteen maize roots of hybrids and of brown-midrib mutants were used. These genotypes were earlier characterized by variations in the cell wall quality of above ground organs with respect to forage digestibility. The variations of root chemical quality were observed mainly on the cell wall polymers content and composition (polysaccharides and lignin). They translated into large differences in the kinetics of C mineralization during decomposition. The characterization of initial cell wall quality of the 16 roots together with the detailed study of the changes in cell wall quality during decomposition for 4 contrasted genotypes evidenced the role of soluble C on the short term, lignin fraction of the longer term, and the role of the organization of the cell walls in decomposition. .
Arnoult, Stéphanie. "Contribution à la définition d’idéotypes de miscanthus valorisables pour la production de bioéthanol de 2ème génération et perspectives en sélection". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10098/document.
In front of the depletion of oil resources, Europe is moving towards the 2nd-generation bioethanol production from plant biomass. The Miscanthus x giganteus species is promising due to its high biomass production and its low environmental impacts. However, the genetic diversity of this species is low and its biomass composition is not necessary optimal for the 2nd-generation bioethanol production. This thesis therefore aims to explore several Miscanthus species in order to define ideotypes and to propose guidelines to target miscanthus breeding for 2nd-generation bioethanol production. It was based on three approaches: a literature review, an experimental field study, and tests in pilot at industrial scale. The review of literature showed a strong environmental and genotypic variability for traits related to biomass production and composition. Moreover, the experimental data analysis showed antagonisms between the traits of interest: a high biomass production was associated with high cellulose and lignin contents, but low hemicellulose, soluble, and ash contents. High biomass lignin content also reduced the efficiency of the biomass conversion to 2nd-generation bioethanol. Lastly, breeding tools were defined: canopy height and aboveground plant volume enabled to predict the biomass production of mature crops from early stages. The near infrared spectroscopy also provided accurate prediction of the miscanthus biomass composition. This contributes to the definition of miscanthus ideotypes for 2nd-generation bioethanol production by providing selection criteria, breeding tools, and breeding prospects
Hentges, David Jean. "Caractérisation de la composition chimique du bois par pyrolyse flash couplée à la GC/MS : application à l'étude de la variabilité naturelle et aux modifications résultant de différents traitements". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0321.
Analytical pyrolysis is an innovative method that allows gas chromatographic analysis of complex polymers by reducing them to volatile monomers. The method requires only a few milligrams of material and is performed in a few seconds. Wood is an abundant renewable material that is used in many forms, notably in construction, in fiberboard and in the extractives it containsNumerous chemical and thermochemical modification techniques are used to improve the properties of wood, including acetylation, furfurylation and heat treatment. Pyrolysis is a new technique to characterize treated wood to understand the chemical modifications that have been generated. The classical methods used such as NMR, FTIR do not allow for a complete picture of the wood, more specifically on elements such as the regioselectivity of the modifications. The aim of our work is to answer fundamental questions about the natural variability of wood as well as the chemical modifications generated by different methods. The polymerization of furfuryl alcohol in wood could be demonstrated as well as the formation of a covalent bond with lignin. The wood acylated with different linear anhydrides revealed new structures that allow to identify the reaction sites and to estimate the reactivity of macromolecules. The method is capable of quantifying the extent of modification of the different biopolymers that constitute the wood. Using principal component analyses (PCA), the natural variations of wood as a function of height, tissue and between different specimens of the same species could be characterized. Py-GC/MS was also used to show structural differences after heat and fungal treatment to reveal how these degradations affect the wood
Hamada, Joël. "Effet de la variabilité intra et interspécifique du bois sur les procédés de traitement thermique". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0254/document.
In the context of sustainable development which has seen the introduction of the biocides directive BPD 98/8/CE in the EU, innovative wood preservation practices such as Heat Treatment (HT) become relevant. Wood HT, also termed wood thermal modification, is a physical modification technology by which wood is heated at around 200 °C in an inert atmosphere. The main purpose of the treatment is to improve the biological durability and dimensional stability of wood. Current studies on thermally modified wood (TMW) quality are focusing on treated material, on treatment conditions or on species effect on the end-product characteristics. Relatively little is known about the effect of intrinsic wood properties on its thermal modification. As wood properties vary especially under the influence of human activities through sylviculture, this thesis studied the effect of European oak and silver fir wood density and chemical composition on their thermal modification kinetic. An X rays computed tomography (CT) and densitometer were used to characterize wood samples. Boards were heat-treated by conduction under vacuum using a pilot furnace, whereas sawdust samples underwent thermo-gravimetric analysis under nitrogen. The analysis allowed finding intra- and interspecific variations, especially within growth rings and along radial direction (from pith to bark). Forest management impacted heat modification kinetic of the studied samples, especially in silver fir where fast grown wood was more sensitive to treatment. The finding will be used as additional information to the wood industry which will account for homogeneity of loadings destined to heat treatment